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- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- Over the course of the last few years, the New York Stock Exchange quickly changed its trading mechanisms from floor-based to mainly electronic trading. This paper analyzes the exchanges move towards electronic trading from an organizational point of view, with particular emphasis on the following three factors. First, two exogenous developmentsa change in the customer base as well as technological developmentswill be analyzed in their co-action to create pressure for adaptation. Second, endogenous reactions and the impact of trading floor-based stakeholders and their culture will be important. Examining the effects of these stakeholders helps gain a more general understanding about the possibility of internal groups to pressure for the retention of the old system. Third, inertial dynamics of the management and of the whole organization constitute a further crucial factor for the New York Stock Exchanges adoption manner of electronic trading. Different scenarios are outlined under which the different forces are able to create a smooth adaptation of the organization to external pressures, punctuated equilibrium, and organizational death.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- This study constitutes a methodological inquiry in a larger research context on transition dynamics, and it focuses on the issue of actor heterogeneity in modeling such processes. On the one hand heterogeneity at the actor level (i.e. heterogeneity among actor groups, heterogeneity among actors in a particular group, etc.) seems to be a very important source for complexity in the observed dynamics, on the other hand introduction of that heterogeneity into the models has a cost of losing some potential of the models to lead to insight development, since they become hard to comprehend in the detail level needed to incorporate mentioned heterogeneity. Hence, as a sub-topic in our wider research objectives regarding transitions, we conducted an experiment on the potential consequences (i.e. gains and losses) of ignoring or recognizing the actor heterogeneity. Three models of the same historical transition case with different types of actor heterogeneity are used in the experimentation procedure. The conclusions include direct outcomes of the experiments, as well as experience of the authors during the process of constructing these three different models that bring about differing challenges.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- Social capital plays an important role in enhancing the efficiency of political institutions and the economic performance of nations. Malaysia is a multiracial country wuth a population of 22.2 millions. The four main ethnic communities are the Malay, Chinese, Indian and the indigenous people of Sabah and Sarawak. The indigenous people account for only about 12 per cent of the population but they comprise of nearly 37 ethnic groups and sub-ethnic groups. As such the importance of maintaining close social bond which encompasses national unity and integration is an important social agenda needed for a successful transformation of the Malaysian economy both economically and politically. This study attempts to assess the level of unity and integration among the diverse ethnic communities of Malaysia on the basis of the hard economic variables extracted from the 1991 and 2999 Population and Housing Census Reports of Malaysia and a sample survey on the social capital of the ethnic communities. A System Dynamics model which integrates both the hard economic variables and the perceived social capital of the ethnic communities is constructed to simulate the scenarios based on different policy options of the government, in terms of affirmative action plan. From the results obtained, strategies are suggested to address issues relating to unity and integration in Malaysia.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- This paper completes the series of macroeconomic modeling
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- The field of health and social care in the UK has been very receptive to systemic thinking in recent years and has been extensively and successfully modelled. This paper describes two trends in health care thinking in the UK which build upon this receptivity and are creating market pulls for whole systems ideas. These are the related areas of health needs analysis and service-line reporting, two concepts that are in search of a language and methodology to help deliver their potential. The paper describes how system dynamics is being applied to both these trends. The work is creating a natural progression for communicating system dynamics models and improving their impact on the thinking of clinicians and managers, particularly in mental health as epitomized by the
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- This research examines a case of extended failure to complete a critical and complex IT modernization effort in a US government organization. The project has been revamped, stopped and restarted several times, and as of the writing of this paper has not completed. From the system dynamics perspective, the problem appears to be related to a dynamic and repeating decision and management process with an embedded project management model. We hypothesize that the cyclical project escalation and abandonment is due to the continuous introduction of new requirements during the project lifecycle. A simulation model is developed to test the hypothesis and the results support the proposition that scope creep resulting from the introduction of new requirements may be a causal factor in the cycles of project escalation and de-escalation. The model is then used to test a series of policy options that are aimed at mitigating these cycles. Conclusions, recommendations, and limitations are discussed.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- If System Dynamics is to help improve the professionalism with which management is practised, it needs to become an integral part of management education, whether in Business Schools, or via other channels. To do this, it needs to pick up, and build upon, what is already being taught, and be accessible to instructors, who may have a large investment in other teaching methods and materials. Several factors suggest there may be demand for what SD can offer. Strategy teachers are looking for better concepts and tools. In addition, increasing teaching loads and the demand for novelty and engagement from participants are both pressures to which SD can readily respond. The workshop will cover how SD can contribute to management teaching, developing and using learning materials , adding 'dynamic' elements to existing courses, use of small-scale, SD-based exercises, and how to deal with executive education situations.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- Due to ever stricter emissions regulations the automobile industry struggles to reduce their products emissions of carbon dioxide. There are several technical options to solve the problem, all of them equally effective. A manufacturer could decide for minimum cost and move on. However, the problem should also be considered from a long-term perspective. Changes in the products characteristics or the whole product line may lead to unintended consequences. Changing market conditions should be taken into account. A model is presented that has been developed in cooperation with a German OEM. It takes a broad view on the relevant parts of the market and allows structured planning activities.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- System dynamics methodology is widely applied in modelling and analyzing supply chain behaviour under uncertain environment. However, there are only few applications in food supply chain in a context of sanitary crises. In this paper, we are accordingly interested in studying the behaviour of the entire chicken meat supply chain coping with sanitary crises effects. A model is proposed to study the SC behaviour dealing with the shortages in upstream supply capacity and downstream unpredictable consumer behaviour disturbed by the crisis as well. This model will be simulated and analyzed to investigate the behaviour of the chicken meat SC under bird flu crisis during the period from October 2005 to March 2006 in France. We then use a sensitivity analysis to study the supply chain stability under different environment uncertainties. Our model should be helpful to decision-makers for other fresh food supply chains when they are facing such crises.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 2008 July 20-2008 July 24
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ce498623f0349395d0a141a0525190a0, and 6cbae5a21467df4434abbc87da443217
- Description:
- An agent-based (AB) model of dementia management required that an accurate number of virtual patients be initialised at the beginning of the simulation, that new patients are added as time progresses and that some groups of patients are gradually removed from the simulation. This is the equivalent of prevalence, incidence and mortality in demographic analysis of the disease. We built a model in which these required parameters were taken from static look-up tables containing average data published in the literature. Our test results revealed that due to the probabilistic nature of the AB model it is difficult to accurately calibrate the model using average estimates of these three parameters over time. The proposed solution is based on implementation of a System Dynamics (SD) model that can drive the agent-based model. The possible benefits of such approach are further discussed and include the implementation of a feedback loop between the AB and SD parts of the model.