:MACRO: P EXP(input)
P EXP = EXP(MAX(-50,MIN(50,input)))
	~	input
	~	Exponentiation protected against over/underflow
	|

:END OF MACRO:
:MACRO: SSHAPE(input)
SSHAPE = EXP(MAX(-50,MIN(50,input)))/(1+EXP(MAX(-50,MIN(50,input))))
	~	dmnl
	~	Exponential s-shaped curve; -infinity -> 0, 0 -> .5, infinity -> 1
	|

:END OF MACRO:
additional investment in clean technology= WITH LOOKUP (
	Time,
		([(0,-0.01)-(600,10)],(0,0),(20,0),(21,0),(500,0) ))
	~	1/year
	~	negatief omdat daling\!\!\!
	|

constant cleansing flow for industrialists=
	10
	~	PU/year
	~		|

Gross World Product=
	Output per Capita*Population
	~	$/year
	~		|

Effective Natural Capital=
	MIN(Natural Capital Upper Bound,MAX(Natural Capital Lower Bound,Natural Capital))
	~	NKU
	~		|

Natural Capital Lower Bound=
	1e-005
	~	NKU
	~		|

Natural Capital Upper Bound=
	0.9999
	~	NKU
	~		|

********************************************************
	.Output
********************************************************~
	|

Output Growth Rate=
	 Growth Rate-(Growth Rate+Contraction Rate)*(1-Effective Natural Capital)^Contraction Nonlin\
		 + additional investment in clean technology/Pollution per Unit Output
	~	1/year
	~	TOEGEVOEGD VOOR INVESTERINGSKOST ADD INV IN CLEAN TECH + additional \
		investment in clean technology/Pollution per Unit Output
	|

Contraction Rate=
	 0.1
	~	1/year
	~	eta
		Contraction rate when natural capital = 0
	|

Contraction Nonlin = 2
	~	dmnl
	~	lambda
	|

Growth Rate=
	 0.02
	~	1/year
	~	gamma
		Growth rate when natural capital = 1 originally 0.04
	|

Net per Capita Output = Output per Capita-Pollution Control
	~	$/person/year
	~	ybar
	|

Output Net Change Rate = Output per Capita*Output Growth Rate
	~	$/person/year/year
	~		|

Output per Capita = INTEG(Output Net Change Rate,1)
	~	$/person/year
	~	y(t)
	|

********************************************************
	.NaturalCapital
********************************************************~
	|

Cleansing Flow=
	0 *Cleansing Rate/Regen Coeff*Effective Natural Capital^Cleansing Coeff + constant cleansing flow for industrialists
	~	PU/year
	~	1/0.1 * ENCē ------- Industrials/economists HYPOTHESE ALTIJD = + constant \
		cleansing flow for industrialists
	|

Regeneration Rate=
	 Normal Regen Rate*(P EXP(Regen Coeff*(Cleansing Flow-Net Pollution Flow))-1)
	~	1/NKU/year
	~		|

Natural Capital Net Change Rate=
	 Regeneration Rate*Effective Natural Capital*(1-Effective Natural Capital)
	~	NKU/year
	~		|

Cleansing Coeff = 2
	~	dmnl
	~	rho
	|

Cleansing Rate = 1
	~	dmnl
	~	delta
	|

Natural Capital = INTEG(Natural Capital Net Change Rate,0.98)
	~	NKU
	~	z(t)
	|

Normal Regen Rate = 1
	~	1/NKU/year
	~	nu
	|

Regen Coeff = 0.1
	~	1/PU*year
	~	omega
	|

********************************************************
	.Population
********************************************************~
	|

Envir Effect Death=
	 1+Envir Death Scale*MAX(0.01,1-Effective Natural Capital)^Envir Death Nonlin
	~	dmnl
	~	MIN added to prevent floating point error.
	|

Birth Coeff 1 = 0.04
	~	1/year
	~	beta1
	|

Birth Coeff 2 = 1.375
	~	dmnl
	~	beta2
	|

Birth Income Effect = 0.16
	~	1/$*person*year
	~	beta
	|

Birth Rate = Birth Coeff 1*(Birth Coeff 2-SSHAPE(Birth Income Effect*Net per Capita Output\
		))
	~	1/year
	~		|

Births = Birth Rate*Population
	~	people/year
	~		|

Death Coeff 1 = 0.01
	~	1/year
	~	delta1
	|

Death Coeff 2 = 2.5
	~	dmnl
	~	delta2
	|

Death Income Effect = 0.18
	~	1/$*person*year
	~	alpha
	|

Death Rate = Normal Death Rate*Envir Effect Death
	~	1/year
	~		|

Deaths = Population*Death Rate
	~	people/year
	~		|

Envir Death Nonlin = 15
	~	dmnl
	~	upsilon
	|

Envir Death Scale = 4
	~	dmnl
	~	delta3
	|

Normal Death Rate = Death Coeff 1*(Death Coeff 2-SSHAPE(Death Income Effect*Net per Capita Output\
		))
	~	1/year
	~		|

Population = INTEG(Births-Deaths,1)
	~	people
	~	x(t)
	|

********************************************************
	.Pollution
********************************************************~
	|

Pollution Intensity Change Rate=
	 Pollution per Unit Output*(Pollution Change Rate + additional investment in clean technology\
		)
	~	PU/$/year
	~	chi
	|

Pollution Control=
	 Control Scale*(1-Effective Natural Capital)^Control Nonlin*Output per Capita
	~	$/person/year
	~	c(y,z)
	|

Abatement Coeff = 2
	~	PU/year
	~	kappa
	|

Control Effect = 0.02
	~	1/$*year
	~	epsilon
	|

Control Nonlin = 2
	~	dmnl
	~	mu
	|

Control Scale = 0.5
	~	dmnl
	~	j
	|

Net Pollution Flow = Pollution Output-Pollution Abatement
	~	PU/year
	~	f(x,y,z,p)
	|

Pollution Abatement = Abatement Coeff*(SSHAPE(Control Effect*Pollution Control*Population\
		)-0.5)
	~	PU/year
	~		|

Pollution Change Rate=
	-0.03
	~	1/year
	~	chi
	|

Pollution Output = Population*Output per Capita*Pollution per Unit Output
	~	PU/year
	~		|

Pollution per Unit Output = INTEG(Pollution Intensity Change Rate,1)
	~	PU/$
	~	p(t)
	|

********************************************************
	.Control
********************************************************~
		Simulation Control Paramaters
	|

FINAL TIME  = 500
	~	year
	~	The final time for the simulation.
	|

INITIAL TIME  = 0
	~	year
	~	The initial time for the simulation.
	|

SAVEPER  = 
        TIME STEP
	~	year
	~	The frequency with which output is stored.
	|

TIME STEP  = 0.5
	~	year
	~	The time step for the simulation.
	|

\\\---/// Sketch information - do not modify anything except names
V300  Do not put anything below this section - it will be ignored
*View 1
$192-192-192,0,Times New Roman|12||0-0-0|0-0-0|0-0-255|-1--1--1|-1--1--1|96,96
10,1,Population,358,198,40,20,3,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
12,2,48,510,197,8,8,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
11,3,48,465,198,5,8,34,3,0,0,1,0,0,0
10,4,Births,465,214,20,11,32,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
12,5,48,183,199,8,8,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
11,6,48,245,197,5,8,34,3,0,0,1,0,0,0
10,7,Deaths,245,213,23,11,32,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
10,8,Output per Capita,370,399,40,20,3,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||255-0-0
12,9,48,154,397,8,8,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||255-0-0
11,10,48,253,396,5,8,34,3,0,0,1,0,0,0
10,11,Output Net Change Rate,253,412,78,11,32,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||255-0-0
10,12,Natural Capital,291,546,40,20,3,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||0-128-0
12,13,48,504,547,8,8,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||0-128-0
11,14,48,444,546,5,8,34,3,0,0,1,0,0,0
10,15,Natural Capital Net Change Rate,444,565,103,11,32,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||0-128-0
10,16,Pollution per Unit Output,788,396,40,20,3,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
12,17,48,817,240,8,8,0,3,0,0,-1,0,0,0
11,18,48,817,279,10,10,33,3,0,0,2,0,0,0
10,19,Pollution Intensity Change Rate,751,279,56,19,40,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
10,20,Pollution Control,497,399,53,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
10,21,Net per Capita Output,408,326,26,27,8,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12||255-0-0
10,22,Net Pollution Flow,712,472,59,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
10,23,Death Rate,163,261,36,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
10,24,Birth Rate,467,263,33,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
10,25,Cleansing Flow,482,619,46,46,2,3,0,3,-1,0,0,0,255-0-255,0-0-0,|12||0-128-0
10,26,Regeneration Rate,633,512,58,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||0-128-0
10,27,Normal Regen Rate,746,555,65,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|0-128-0
10,28,Regen Coeff,666,601,42,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|0-128-0
10,29,Cleansing Coeff,590,649,54,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|0-128-0
10,30,Cleansing Rate,386,657,51,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|0-128-0
10,31,Pollution Output,690,309,51,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
10,32,Pollution Abatement,601,441,63,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
10,33,Abatement Coeff,638,368,48,48,2,3,0,3,-1,0,0,0,255-128-0,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
10,34,Control Effect,575,479,49,11,0,3,0,19,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-64-0
10,35,Control Nonlin,480,496,51,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-64-0
10,36,Control Scale,430,476,46,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-64-0
10,37,Output Growth Rate,261,445,64,11,0,3,0,2,-1,0,0,0,-1--1--1,0-0-0,|12||255-0-0
10,38,Growth Rate,258,495,32,19,8,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|255-0-0
10,39,Contraction Rate,136,450,42,22,8,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|255-0-0
10,40,Contraction Nonlin,162,491,42,19,8,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|255-0-0
10,41,Envir Effect Death,110,354,57,11,0,3,0,3,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
10,42,Normal Death Rate,262,297,61,11,0,3,0,3,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12||128-0-255
10,43,Death Coeff 1,170,324,48,11,0,3,0,19,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,44,Death Coeff 2,227,341,48,11,0,3,0,19,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,45,Death Income Effect,285,362,69,11,0,3,0,19,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,46,Envir Death Nonlin,131,229,42,19,8,3,0,19,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,47,Envir Death Scale,82,263,27,28,8,3,0,19,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,48,Birth Coeff 1,566,246,44,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,49,Birth Coeff 2,541,223,44,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,50,Birth Income Effect,591,273,65,11,0,3,0,18,-1,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|IU|128-0-255
10,51,Pollution Change Rate,774,191,50,50,2,3,0,3,-1,0,0,0,255-128-0,0-0-0,|12||128-64-0
1,52,3,1,4,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(429,198)|
1,53,3,2,100,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(486,198)|
1,54,6,5,4,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(215,197)|
1,55,6,1,100,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(284,197)|
1,56,10,8,4,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(294,396)|
1,57,10,9,68,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(205,396)|
1,58,14,12,4,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(385,546)|
1,59,14,13,68,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(472,546)|
1,60,18,16,4,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(817,332)|
1,61,18,17,68,0,0,22,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(817,258)|
1,62,8,20,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(420,399)|
1,63,8,21,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(381,354)|
1,64,20,21,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(474,356)|
1,65,1,4,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(417,217)|
1,66,1,7,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(295,219)|
1,67,21,24,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(446,296)|
1,68,24,4,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(472,241)|
1,69,23,7,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(202,226)|
1,70,22,26,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(683,497)|
1,71,25,26,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(566,581)|
1,72,26,15,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(559,548)|
1,73,27,26,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(696,535)|
1,74,28,26,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(651,563)|
1,75,28,25,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(582,608)|
1,76,29,25,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(545,636)|
1,77,30,25,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(419,643)|
1,78,1,31,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(541,176)|
1,79,8,31,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(532,321)|
1,80,16,31,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(777,345)|
1,81,31,22,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(721,377)|
1,82,20,32,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(538,414)|
1,83,32,22,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(660,438)|
1,84,33,32,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(614,413)|
1,85,34,32,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(583,465)|
1,86,1,32,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(479,319)|
1,87,35,20,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(497,451)|
1,88,36,20,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(472,446)|
1,89,37,11,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(259,435)|
1,90,8,11,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(332,427)|
1,91,39,37,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(180,448)|
1,92,38,37,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(259,472)|
1,93,40,37,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(213,466)|
1,94,41,23,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(124,310)|
1,95,42,23,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(219,281)|
1,96,43,42,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(208,312)|
1,97,44,42,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(239,324)|
1,98,45,42,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(276,336)|
1,99,21,42,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(356,315)|
1,100,46,41,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(115,285)|
1,101,47,41,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(85,305)|
1,102,48,24,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(517,253)|
1,103,49,24,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(510,239)|
1,104,50,24,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(519,267)|
1,105,16,18,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(788,344)|
1,106,51,18,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(782,228)|
10,107,Effective Natural Capital,145,546,76,11,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0
10,108,Natural Capital Upper Bound,101,624,49,19,8,3,1,16,0,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|S|0-0-0
10,109,Natural Capital Lower Bound,214,640,49,19,8,3,1,16,0,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12|S|0-0-0
1,110,108,107,0,1,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(121,587)|
1,111,109,107,0,1,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(181,594)|
1,112,12,107,1,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(243,546)|
1,113,107,15,1,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(345,599)|
1,114,107,25,1,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(287,619)|
1,115,107,41,1,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(88,434)|
1,116,107,20,1,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(357,485)|
1,117,107,37,0,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(197,500)|
10,118,Gross World Product,366,267,43,27,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0
1,119,8,118,1,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(361,299)|
1,120,1,118,0,0,0,0,0,64,0,-1--1--1,,1|(360,222)|
10,121,additional investment in clean technology,629,164,73,19,8,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12||255-128-0
1,122,121,19,1,0,0,0,3,64,0,255-128-0,|12||255-128-0,1|(671,230)|
1,123,121,37,1,0,0,0,3,64,0,255-128-0,|12||0-0-0,1|(374,441)|
1,124,16,37,1,0,0,0,3,64,0,255-128-0,|12||0-0-0,1|(374,453)|
10,125,Time,652,173,40,20,8,2,1,3,-1,0,0,0,128-128-128,0-0-0,|12||128-128-128
1,126,125,121,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,-1--1--1,,1|(651,173)|
10,127,constant cleansing flow for industrialists,729,635,73,19,8,3,0,2,0,0,0,0,0-0-0,0-0-0,|12||255-0-255
1,128,127,25,0,0,0,0,3,64,0,255-0-255,|12||0-0-0,1|(598,626)|
\\\---/// Sketch information - do not modify anything except names
V300  Do not put anything below this section - it will be ignored
*View 2
$192-192-192,0,Times New Roman|12||0-0-0|0-0-0|0-0-255|-1--1--1|-1--1--1|96,96
///---\\\
:GRAPH POPULATIONOUTPUTPERCAPITA
:TITLE PopulationOutputpercapita
:SCALE
:VAR Gross World Product
:DATASET Milik1Dream
:SCALE
:VAR Population
:DATASET Milik1Dream
:SCALE
:VAR Gross World Product
:DATASET Milik2Nightmare
:SCALE
:VAR Population
:DATASET Milik2Nightmare
:SCALE
:VAR Gross World Product
:DATASET Milik3Escape
:SCALE
:VAR Population
:DATASET Milik3Escape
:L<%^E!@
1:MC01ENV2c.vdf
1:MC01ENV1c.vdf
1:MC01ENV0c.vdf
1:MC01ENV0b.vdf
1:MC01ENV2a.vdf
1:MC01ENV1a.vdf
1:MC01ENV0a.vdf
9:MC01ENV2c
22:$,Dollar,Dollars,$s
22:Day,Days
22:dmnl,NKU
22:Hour,Hours
22:Month,Months
22:Person,People,Persons
22:Unit,Units
22:Week,Weeks
22:Year,Years
18:MC01.vsc
20:MC1.lst
15:0,0,0,1,0,0
19:100,0
27:0,
4:Time
5:Cleansing Flow
24:0
25:500
26:500