On the Legislative Gazette this week: The state reacts to Governor Cuomo's state of the state address and Alan Chartock shares his analysis of the speech.
A document from Governor Cuomo's administration assessing the health impacts of hydrofracking says the gas drilling process is likely safe if proper precautions are taken by the governor's environmental agency, Alan Chartock shares his thoughts on that news, and a look at one way the health care industry is rapidly transforming in New York.
On the Legislative Gazette this week: The Governor and lawmakers prepare for in the coming session, Alan Chartock shares his predictions for the coming year, impacts of health care cuts, New York brewers negotiate distribution contracts, and other stories.
After the school shooting in Newtown, CT, Governor Cuomo says federal gun laws need to be stronger and loopholes need to be closed in a state assault weapon ban (NY SAFE Act). Alan Chartock shares his thoughts on the changing leadership coalition in the state senate and Governor Cuomo signs legislation to create an agency to better protect New Yorkers with disabilities.
1) Osprey Oriell Lake discusses the Women's Climate Change Agenda and the first annual International Women's Earth and Climate Summit. 2) Mary Cook, a teacher in Arkansas, helps students engage with the ocean through the NOAA Teacher at Sea program. 3) A Changing Gears report on the student loan debt from private vocational schools.
1) Elizabeth Gilbert speaks about her new book, "The Signature of All Things." 2) Communities across the nation look for alternatives to industrial agriculture like the Beacon Food Forest in Seattle, Washington. 3) A UN Radio report on the $750 billion annual cost of food waste. 4) Harvest Public Media reports on the security of a federal seed vault in Colorado.
1) Excerpts from Homeland Productions', "A Map of the Sea," a story based on the collapse of the cod fishery in Newfoundland. 2) Editor Sarah Weinman talks about some of the best female authors of noir fiction writers in her book, "Troubled Daughter, Twisted Wives."
1) Excerpts from Jiri Slavicinsky's documentary, "Last Summer in Grand Bruit," a story about the resettlement of a rural fishing community in Newfoundland, Canada.
1) Rebecca Sive talks about women leaders and her book, "Every Day Is Election Day: A Woman's Guide to Winning Any Office From the PTA To The White House." 2) Jemma Brown reports from Salt Lake City on the political future for Mormons. 3) The Maidu tribe of California is working with an old adversary to regain formal stewardship of their homeland in Plumas and Lassen Counties.
1) Maine lobstermen consider forming unions after a lobster surplus caused prices to drop to a record low. 2) Upstate New York farmers share their stories. 3) Avenal, California struggles to find a new economy after its oil boom. 4) Public health nurse Amy Gastelum talks about fear and working in an unsafe New York City neighborhood.
1) Martha Baskin speaks filmmaker Christopher Nolan and Dr. Helen Caldicott, Nobel Prize winner and anti-nuclear activist, about the long term health impacts of nuclear accidents. 2) Ontario Power Generation is proposing construction of an underground permanent burial facility for all of Ontario's low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste. 3) Amy Mayer reports on the Conservation Reserve Program. 4) A report on preserving wildlife habitats in New York City.
1) NWLC Vice President for Education and Employment Fatima Goss Graves discusses women's equality issues in the national campaign. 2) Gilles Malkine profiles Marie Antoinette. 2) A WMMT report on natural gas drilling in southwest Virginia and eastern Kentucky.
1) George Morgan discusses his book, "Rocket Girl," a biography about his mother, Mary Sherman Morgan, the first female rocket scientist. 2) Amy Mayer reports on the nonconventional and natural methods of raising egg-laying hens as an alternative to battery cages and large factory farms. 3) Delia Passi, founder of the Women's Choice Award, discusses how her review and recommendation service works.
1) Lissa Harris, cofounder of The Watershed Post in the Catskills, discusses reporting during Hurricane Irene and the newspaper industry. 2) Lori Price of Citizens for Legitimate Government discusses reporting on stories not featured in the popular media outlets. 3) Wendy Welch writes a memoir about opening an independent bookstore in the digital age.
1) Peter Neill of the World Ocean Observatory in Maine argues the negative impacts of hydrofracking to the ocean. 2) The Lake Superior Project examines measures taken to protect water resources from the Great Lakes. 3) Liberians went into panic after a rumor that their water would turn to blood, Grant Fuller reports. 4) In Deer Isle, Maine, thousands of gallons are disappearing from the town of Stonington's water supply every week.
1) Susan Barnett speaks with Beatrice Edwards, Executive Director and International Programs Director for the Government Accountability Project (GAP), about whistleblowers and information disclosure. 2) Photojournalist Charmian Reading speaks about her experience documenting displaced African Americans who were evicted for registering to vote in 1966. 3) Dean Hamer and Joe Wilson's film, "Out in the Silence," documents the explosive reaction to the gay couple's wedding announcement in their hometown newspaper.
1) In 2002, whistleblower Coleen Rowley was named a Time Magazine person of the year. She speaks with Susan Barnett about how growing secrecy around US actions is a threat to national security. 2) EcoReport examines the implications of anti-whistleblowing laws like the ag-gag bill in Indiana that would have criminalized undercover investigations of conditions in factory farms.
1) Susan Barnett speaks with Kathy Stevens, founder of the Catskill Farm Animal Sanctuary, about plant-based diets like veganism and public reception and awareness. 2) Yomi Abiola, founder of STUFF (Stand Up for Fashion), speaks about corporate social responsibility in the fashion industry. 3) Gilles Malkine profiles Diana, Princess of Wales. 4) UN Radio reports on the clearing of land mines in former conflict zones.
1) The Global Ethics Corner from the Carnegie Council comments on the internal conflicts behind the recent protests in Turkey. 2) Asli Bali discusses the Gezi Park protests in Istanbul, Turkey. 3) Turkish novelist Elif Shafak searches for her nation's modern history in the story, "The Street of the Cauldron Makers."
1) Minda Zetlin, coauthor of, "The Geek Gap," discusses technology enabling employees to be accessible on a 24-hour basis, an increasing number of freelance workers, and the work-home division. 2) A report about job applicants with a criminal record re-entering the job market. 3) Writer Deborah Sabin recounts what happened when she and a friend help with the Jewish rituals for the dead. (Originally aired on show #1214.)
1) Mary Pipher, author of the new book, "The Green Boat," discusses environmental advocacy and enacting social change. 2) Gilles Malkine profiles Sojourner Truth, the famous women's rights activist.
1) A report on Mildred Norman, Peace Pilgrim, who walked across the country for peace. 2) Iraqis reflect on memories of the past and hopes for the future for post-war Iraq. 3) Lydia Ratcliff, a Vermont farmer, discusses small farms in the United States.
1) New York Times reporter, Lisa Prevost's, speaks about her new book, "Snob Zones ? Fear, Prejudice, and Real Estate." 2) David Kates reports on the legal battle against two proposed light-rail routes near one West L.A. neighborhood. 3) Niala Boodhoo reports on how cities like Detroit, Cleveland and Pittsburgh are hoping another wave of immigrants will help reinvigorate the economy. 4) Gilles Malkine profiles Frances (Coralie) Perkins who witnessed the Triangle Shirt Factory fire.
1) Curt Nickish reports on a vaccine for Lyme disease. 2) Briana O'Higgins produces a narrative of three women battling chronic fatigue. 3) Joanne Silberner profiles a woman with cancer in Uganda, where there are few treatment options.
1) Terry O'Neill, National Organization for Women (NOW) president, talks about the effects of federal spending cuts. 2) Bunny Williams, interior designer and co-founder of Trade Secrets, talks about her annual plant sale to benefit Women's Support Services (WES).
1) Maine artist Jon Joyce has Down syndrome and is the caretaker of his 94-year old mother, Colleen Udis produces the story. 2) Ojibwe Elder Sharon Day talks about Mother Earth Water Walks, a campaign she started with other indigenous women to raise awareness of concerns about water. 3) Producer Sarah Elzas profiles a teen mother living in Waterville, Maine. 4) Travel guide and writer, Rick Steves talks about his first travel partner, his mother.
1) Carmen Gonzalez, editor of the book "Presumed Incompetent ? The Intersections of Race and Class for Women of Color in Academia," speaks about minority women in academic careers. 2) Clay Scott produces a story of a young single mother from Montana has become a game warden. 3) Gilles Malkine profiles all-around athlete Mildred Ella Didrikson.
1) Sara McConnell reports on women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) careers. 2) Nancy Jackson, from the Chemical Security Engagement program of the U.S. Department of State, talks about the increasing presence of women in chemical science internationally. 3) Massachusetts Institute of Technology doctorate Sharon Haynie shares her experience of being a black woman in science. 4) UN Radio interviews Hakima, a 13-year old Ugandan girl and volunteer of the child rights organization Plan International.
1) Jean Houston speaks about her book, "The Wizard of Us ? Transformation Lessons from Oz," about teaching through myth. 2) March Gallagher comments on Sheryl Sandburg's book "Lean In." 3) Gilles Malkine profiles marine biologist and writer Rachel Carson.
1) Ernesto Aguilar interviews Danielle Norwood from Women Organized to Resist and Defend about several states banning abortion after 12 weeks. 2) KimWyatt speaks about a collection of essays she co-edited titled, "Get Out of My Crotch ? Twenty One Writers Respond to America's War on Women's Rights and Reproductive Health." 3) Dr. Afaf Meleis, Dean of Nursing at the University of Pennsylvania, speaks at the Chautauqua Institution, offering a global view of women's health issues. 4) All Things Considered and Youth Radio report on sex trafficking in the U.S.
1) Kippy Joseph from the Rockefeller Foundation explains how social impact bonds offer alternative funding for prevention-oriented government projects. 2) A profile of Mary Shultz, a professor of chemistry at Tufts University. 3) Nancy Greenlease reports on the Italian craft of tailoring.
1) Mai Hernandez, director of the National Center for Victims of Crime, speaks about Congress's renewal of the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). 2) Gabriella Dragoni, Deputy Secretary-General of the Council of Europe, speaks with UN Radio's Donn Bob about creating a legal code that assures the criminality of violence against women. 3) Women War and Peace project host Amy Costello interviews Wendy Lobwein, former witness support officer at the Yugoslav War Crimes Tribunal in The Hague, who helped prepare witnesses to testify.
1) Camille Phillips investigates food allergens and genetically modified crops. 2) Ray Lopez and Thermapuresick co-founder David Hedman speak about sick house syndrome and treatments for mold in homes. 2) WAMC's Wanda Fisher reflects on thirty years as the host of the regional music show, The Hudson River Sample. 4) Gilles Malkine remembers the life and work of jazz singer Mildred Bailey.
1) Alison Quantz reports on the Young Women's Leadership Program at the University of Virginia, where college women pair with middle school girls in a mentorship program. 2) Co-founder Danielle Nierenberg speaks about Food Tank, a think tank devoted to all issues surrounding food. 3) Omega Women's Leadership Center director Carla Goldstein calls for a stronger partnership between women and men. 4) Gilles Malkine profiles British cellist, Jacqueline Mary du Pré.
1) Cecilia Tkaczyk speaks about winning a close New York State Senate election and her new committee appointments. 2) Anne Garrels reports on how pay inequity and lack of paid parental leave affects American families. 3) Cécille Pouilly tells UN Radio's Mamadou Alpha Diallo in Geneva that cases of women being brutalized and killed due to accusations of sorcery are a growing trend in Papua New Guinea to deprive them of land and property.
1) John Laurenson reports on how Lourdes, France has become a rallying point for Catholics around the world. 2) Tibet Connection producer Rebecca Novick and Dr. Robert Barnett, Director of the Modern Tibetan Studies Program at Columbia University, discuss protest self-immolations in Tibet. 3) Monica Perez Uribe reports the concerns of the communities in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico where the humanitarian organization Casas por Cristo works. 4) Gilles Malkine profiles ancient Egyptian Queen Nefertiti.
1) Pascaline Clerc, senior director for animal research issues at the Humane Society of the United States, talks about the EU's ban on products that use animal testing. 2) Naturopath Laurie Steelsmith talks about her book, "Great Health Through Natural Choices." 3) Correspondent Eli Chen profiles a Mom Meetup based in New York City, one of the many Meetup groups organized through the online social networking site, Meetup.com.
1) Christine Arylo talks about her book "Madly in Love With Me ? The Daring Adventure of Becoming Your Own Best Friend." 2) Toronto-based storyteller, Sage Tyrtle, recounts a young friendship. 3) Carla Goldstein, co-founder of the Omega Women's Leadership Center in Rhinebeck, NY, speaks about protesting violence against women with dance.
1) Sarah Crawford, Workplace Fairness Director, talks about a National Partnership for Women and Families commissioned study about wage inequality. 2) Filmmaker Jennifer Lee's new film, "Feminist: Stories from Women's Liberation," looks at the history and impact of the feminist movement. 3) Gilles Malkine tells a story of the kunoichi, a Japanese army of secretive female agents.
1) Phyllis Bennis, director of the New Internationalism Project, speaks about the transitions of global power between the US and other nations. 2) Tina Traster talks about her experience adopting a Russian child and views on Russia's ban on American adoption. 3) Sumayah Hodges talks about, "Sumayah Takes Flight," the social network campaign she started in effort to become the commencement speaker at her daughter's graduation.
1) Noel Carmichael, an American in Tanzania, reflects on her culture and its history. 2) Amy Mayer, of Harvest Public Media, reports on the world's grain and food supply. 3) AmyDiPierro, of War New Radio, reports on Iraqi Kurdistan's once rich agricultural economy shifting to oil exports. 4) Nadja Drost, of the World Vision Report, profiles Leiderman Ortiz Berrio, a Columbian journalist, whose life is threatened for reporting the news.
1) Journalist Rebecca Coffey discusses her book, "Murders Most Foul: And the School Shooters in Our Midst," a history of school shootings. 2) Joe DeCeault of WBEZ profiles Chicago police officer Julie Joyce, a specialist in crisis intervention. 3) Cindy Bishop, Director of Pupil Personnel Services, speaks about the Management Attention Program Special (MAPS) class in New York's Onteora School District, which supports children with emotional and mental health disorders.
1) Dr. Heidi Cullen, Chief climatologist of Climate Central, speaks about climate change. 2) Nancy Barton from Prattsville, New York describes the effects of Hurricane Irene on her town in the Catskills Mountain. 3) Pennsylvania resident Vera Scroggins and Dairy farmer Jennifer Huntington discuss pros and cons of hydraulic-fracturing. 4) Kim Gandy, Feminist Majority vice-president, speaks about women in politics and upper-management. 5) WNYC Radio and the Public Radio Exchange feature a profile of women boxers including, Claressa Shields.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Neil Gaiman about his novel, "The Ocean at the End of the Lane," a tale of mystery, survival, memory, and magic which makes the impossible all too real. This show is recorded before a live audience in Saratoga Springs, New York. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1302.)
Joe Donahue speaks with journalist and author Pete Hamill about his book, "The Christmas Kid: And Other Brooklyn Stories," a collection of Brooklyn-based stories spanning thirty years. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1274.)
Joe Donahue speaks with presidential historian and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Doris Kearns Goodwin about her book, "The Bully Pulpit," on William Howard Taft and Teddy Roosevelt. The show is an Off the Shelf edition of The Book Show in partnership with Northshire Bookstore in Saratoga Springs, NY and recorded before a live audience.
Joe Donahue is joined by Mitch Albom in a live-audience recording in Saratoga Springs, New York. They discuss his new book, "The First Phone Call from Heaven."
Joe Donahue speaks with author Andre Dubus III about his new collection of novellas, "Dirty Love," where he tells stories of love tainted and gone wrong.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Anne Perry about her novel, "Blind Justice." The novel explores the vulnerabilities of organized religion, the precarious boundaries of justice and the flaws within the legal system.
Joe Donahue is joined by Anne Rice and her son Christopher Rice in a live-audience recording in Saratoga Springs, New York. They discuss publishing, writing, and their latest titles, "The Wolves of Midwinter" and "The Heavens Rise."
Joe Donahue speaks with Elizabeth Gilbert, bestselling author of "Eat, Pray, Love." Gilbert returns to fiction with her first novel in 13-years, "The Signature of All Things," about the life and death of botanist Alma Whittaker.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Louise Penny about, "How the Light Gets In," the newest edition to her revered mystery series, "Three Pines Series." In the book, Chief Inspector Armand Gamache faces his nemesis and uncovers shattering revelations.
Part 2 of 2: In an extended conversation with Harry Rosenfeld and Joe Donahue, they discuss the conflict between political and journalistic decision making at The Washington Post. Rosenfeld was metro editor at The Washington Post, where he managed reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein in the Watergate investigation that earned the newspaper a Pulitzer.
Part 1 of 2: Joe Donahue speaks with journalist Harry Rosenfeld about his memoir, "From Kristallnacht to Watergate: Memoirs of a Newspaperman," a story of the life of a newspaperman. Rosenfeld talks about his childhood and events leading up to his career in journalism.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Edwidge Danticat about her book, "Claire of the Sea Light." Set in a seaside town of Haiti, the novel unfolds over the course of one evening and features a father struggling with the painful decision of whether to give away his beloved daughter in the hopes she will find a better life with someone else.
Joe Donahue speaks with Paul Harding, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of "Tinkers." Harding's new book, "Enon: A Novel," builds a story around the grandson of "Tinkers" protagonist, George Crosby, following him as he tries to come to terms with a shattering personal tragedy.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Ivan Doig about his novel, "Sweet Thunder." In Doig's latest story he reprises the beloved character Morrie Morgan to take on the power of the press in an era of corporate greed and social unrest.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Dennis Bock about his novel, "Going Home Again," a contemporary story of a man studying the sudden, confusing shape his life has taken and examining his responsibilities as a husband, a father, a brother, and an uncle.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Kelly Braffet about her novel, "Save Yourself," a story of a group of characters each seeking their own warped version of peace.
Part 2 of 2: In an extended conversation with Richard Russo and Joe Donahue, Russo speaks at length about his childhood, his complicated relationship with his mother, and other topics that he has written about in, "Elsewhere: A Memoir." (Originally aired on The Book Show #1281 and #1282.)
Part 1 of 2: Joe Donahue speaks with Pulitzer Prize winning author, Richard Russo, about his new memoir, "Elsewhere: A Memoir." The personal account of his childhood and life takes place in the upstate town of Gloversville, New York. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1281 and #1282.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Clive Cussler about his popular NUMA series and underwater hero Dirk Pitt. Cussler's new book is "Zero Hour: A Novel from the NUMA Files."
Joe Donahue speaks with Pulitzer Prize-winning author Joseph Ellis about his novel, "Revolutionary Summer," which tells an old story in a new way about the summer months of 1776.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Neil Gaiman about his novel, "The Ocean at the End of the Lane," a tale of mystery, survival, memory, and magic which makes the impossible all too real. This show is recorded before a live audience in Saratoga Springs, New York.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Ben Schrank about his new novel, "Love Is a Canoe." Set in Millerton, New York, the book is about the fragility of marriage. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1277.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Alafair Burke about her novel, "If You Were Here: A Novel of Suspense," where a Manhattan journalist, McKenna Jordan, chases a story that leads her to a close friend who disappeared a decade earlier.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Zadie Smith about her novel, "NW," a tragi-comic story that follows four Londoners, Leah, Natalie, Felix and Nathan, as they settle into adulthood outside of Caldwell. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1268.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Michael Connelly about his new novel, "The Black Box," which stars Los Angeles Police Department detective, Harry Bosch. The book is set in the midst of the 1992 Los Angeles riots. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1279.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Ann Hood about her new novel, "The Obituary Writer." The book intertwines the story of two women, the first an obituary writer from San Francisco in 1919 and the second a young wife living in Washington D.C. during the 1960s.
Joe Donahue speaks with PEN/Faulkner Award winning author, James Salter, about his new novel, "All That Is: A Novel." Set in the years after World War II, the book is about a former naval officer turned book editor who is betrayed by the woman he loves.
Joe Donahue speaks with Cheryl Strayed, author of The New York Times bestseller, "Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail." The memoir documents Strayed's solo hike of the Pacific Crest Trail after the death of her mother.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Manil Suri about her new novel, "The City of Devi," set in Mumbai. In the book, a wife tries to find her missing husband as India and Pakistan are on the verge of nuclear war.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Meg Wolitzer about her new novel, "The Interestings." The story explores the friendship and coming-of-age of six artistic friends that meet one summer at camp.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Elizabeth Graver about her new novel, "The End of the Point." Set in Buzzard's Bay from 1942 to 1999, the book traces a family's journey through the latter half of the 20th Century.
Joe Donahue speaks with author Tara Conklin about her debut novel, "The House Girl." The book intertwines the story of an escaped house slave in 1852 Virginia with that of a young lawyer in contemporary New York.
In a live audience recording, Joe Donahue speaks with author Jodi Picoult about her new novel, "The Storyteller." The book is about a young woman who is faced with a moral dilemma after she befriends an elderly man with a marred past.
Joe Donahue speaks with award winning novelist and poet Stephen Dobyns about his new thriller, "The Burn Palace," which takes place in the small town of Brewster, Rhode Island.
Joe Donahue speaks with Daniel Klein about his new publication, "Travels with Epicurus: A Journey to a Greek Island in Search of a Fulfilled Life." In the book, the author describes his journey to Greece and his coming to terms with aging.
Joe Donahue speaks with award winning author and MacArthur Fellow, George Saunders, about his new collection of short stories, "The Tenth of December."
Joe Donahue speaks with author Robert Crais about his new novel, "Suspect." The story involves a Los Angeles police officer tracking down his late partner's murderer with the help of a military canine.
Joe Donahue speaks with writer Tracy Kidder and his former editor, Richard Todd, about their new book, "Good Prose: The Art of Nonfiction. Stories and Advice from a Lifetime of Writing and Editing." The book explores three major non-fiction forms, narratives, essays, and memoirs.
Joe Donahue speaks with Pulitzer Prize winning humorist, Dave Barry, about his new novel, "Insane City," where the main character in the book travels to Florida for a destination wedding.
Part 2 of 2: In an extended conversation with Richard Russo and Joe Donahue, Russo speaks at length about his childhood, his complicated relationship with his mother, and other topics that he has written about in, "Elsewhere: A Memoir." (Re-aired on The Book Show #1306 and #1307.)
Part 1 of 2: Joe Donahue speaks with Pulitzer Prize winning author, Richard Russo, about his new memoir, "Elsewhere: A Memoir." The personal account of his childhood and life takes place in the upstate town of Gloversville, New York. (Re-aired on The Book Show #1306 and #1307.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Michael Connelly about his new novel, "The Black Box," which stars Los Angeles Police Department detective, Harry Bosch. The book is set in the midst of the 1992 Los Angeles riots. (Re-aired on The Book Show #1299.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Rilla Askew about her new novel, "Kind of Kin." The book investigates how sweeping agenda-driven legislation affects real individual lives. (Re-aired on The Book Show #1298.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Ben Schrank about his new novel, "Love Is a Canoe." Set in Millerton, New York, the book is about the fragility of marriage. (Re-aired on The Book Show #1302.)
Joe Donahue speaks with Pulitzer Prize winning author, Michael Chabon, about his latest novel, "Telegraph Avenue." The book focuses on two friends and a used vinyl store called Brokeland Records in 2004 Oakland, CA. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1265.)
Joe Donahue speaks with author Martin Amis, about his latest novel, "Lionel Asbo: State of England," which centers around a thuggish, yet endearing antihero named Lionel Asbo. (Originally aired on The Book Show #1261.)
Alan Chartock, Mike Spain, and Judy Patrick discuss the newspaper industry's recovery from the recession, young people going into journalism, and other stories.
Alan Chartock, Rex Smith, and Ira Fusfeld discuss the biggest stories of the year in news and whether American Hustle is accurate to the real Abscam story.
Alan Chartock, Rex Smith, and Judy Patrick discuss media errors of 2013, sexism in the media, getting information from police incident reports, and other stories.