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- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- Being two different branches of the system science, System Dynamics and Synergetics share many common concepts and mathematical manipulation techniques. The comparative study of the two subjects will help accelerate the developments of both subjects as well as the whole system science. In this paper, the authors first introduce the basic ideas and mathematical handling techniques of synergetics, then that of system dynamics. Finally, the two subjects are compared from the angles of both the concept and the mathematical manipulation technique. The following are the major points of this paper: 1) Synergetics deals with systems that are self-organized. It studies how such systems evolve in a self-organized fashion, how new patterns are brought about, or in a philosophical sense, how the animate and the inanimate world evolve. In contrast, the systems, with which system dynamics deals, are partially self-organized, partially man-made. It studies the relationship between system structure and system function. 2) The general equations of both synergetics and system dynamics are nonlinear, stochastical partial differential equations of high order. 3) Synergetics focuses its attentions on nonequilibrium phase transition, i.e. pattern formulation, while system dynamics endeavors, with most its efforts, to study the dynamic behavior of a system with some kinds of structure.4) There are many concepts as well as mathematical handling techniques that are counterpart and can be used as a reference to each other, such as order parameter vs. sensitive parameter or minor structure; order parameter equations vs. dominant loop equations; slaving principle vs. the principle that dominant loops mainly determine the dynamic behavior of a system; adiabetic elimination vs. the insensitivity of system behavior to most parameters; linear stability analysis vs. Lyapunov method I & II, gain and phase shift analysis, etc.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- System Dynamics, founded by professor Forrester at Massachusetts Iustitute of Technology in 1956, is a discipline which analyzes and studies the system of information feedback. Basic views of theories of system dynamics distinctively show its dialectical characteristics. More attention should be paid to the features of complicated nonlinear systems. The model simulation of system dynamics is a kind of structure-function simulation. One of the remarkable advantages of system dynamics is that it can handle problems of high order, nonlinear, and multiple-feedback system.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- The regional demand-supply and training mechanism of talent is regarded as a feedback-cnotrol structure under the synergetic actions of education, society and economy. By building ESE simulation system, we have studied its stability in operation and its sensibility to main parameters. We have attempted the combination of SD with LP (Linear Programming), and some initial conclusions are reached which can further be discussed.Using the principles of the Education-Economics and SD methods to forecast and program the demand-supply of talent is becoming very popular in the educational theory circle of our country recently. There are many scholars whose studies have really shown the originality of SD method, but there are two problems that little attentions have been paid in their studies. One is that forecasting is not the strong point of SD, and it is also not competent for programming by SD methods only, the other is that we often pay more attention to the supply but neglect the demand between Education and Economy, which easily results in the lack of enough impetus to the system operation. Our paper tries to do some studies on overcoming the above two inadequate aspects.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- R-SD is a dynamic system model used to study the comprehensive development and utilization of water resources of rivers. This problem covers a wide range of aspects, such as hydraulic power generation, water transportation, flood cotrol, water consumption of industry and households, irrigation in agriculture, reservoir fishery, around-reservoir tourism and recreation facilities. R-SD also relates to the thermal power generation and land transportation. It is a system with multivariables, nonlinear and complex feedback structure. Usually, it is called as economic system of river-valley.This paper emphasises on the structure of R-SD model. First, it gives the interrelationship figures between the subsystems, then the main cause-and-effect chains and flowchart of the system. Finally, a part of the results of a case study is given. It turns out that during the comprehensive development and utilization of water resources of rivers, the emphasises should be placed on the development of hydraulic power generaion in association with water transportation and other aspects. Meanwhile, thermal power generation and land transportation should be jointly developed to promote the economic prosperity in the river-valley. In R-SD, we have also posed three degrees of satisfaction, which are guided to decide the development velocities and investment proportions of power generation, transportation, and water supply.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- This is a paper about possibilities. It is the beginning of an investigation into the influence of perceptions of money on the dynamics of major economic policies. No concrete results are reported.We begin with anecdotal evidence that many economic policies are based on a local and static perception of money. Local in that it only considers the part of the economic environment which directly impacts on, or is impacted by, the policies being made. Static in that it considers this environment to be essentially unaffected by those policies.This usual perception of money is illustrated by exploring a number of common thoughts about money. This exploration reveals the confusion surrounding this perception. In order to penetrate this confusion, a step-by-step examination is conducted of the role that money plays in an economy. This examination leads to another perception of money: Money has no value itself; it is merely a proxy for economic product that already exists. This perception is more global and dynamic than the usual point of view. Global because the focus on economic product forces one to consider the full economic context of a transaction. Dynamic because that emphasis leads one to consider the impact of decisions on the whole economy.A number of everyday economic transactions are illuminated by the new perception of money in such a way that consideration of those transactions naturally relates them to a wider economic system. Armed with this appreciation of economic transactions, the anecdotes presented early in the paper are revisited. In this visit, the new perception of money automatically suggests different approaches that the decision maker could take.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- Dental diseases dealt with in this study are cavities (fillings, extractions and crowns), pyorrhea and baby teeth.The total number of teeth with dental diseases in Japan changes year by year depending on oral conditions ans are affected by the number of dentists, economic conditions and technical progress.This model contains 4 sectors: demography, cavities, pyorrhea, and baby teeth. The demographic sector covers populations of 5 three-year age groups under 14 years of age and 13 five-year age groups above 15 years of age. The cavities sector and pyorrhea sector are composed of populations of five-year age groups, on the other hand, the baby teeth sector uses populations of three-year age groups.From the total number of defective teeth, dental busyness and total dental care costs in Japan are calculated yearly from 1963 to 2010. The simulation results are used to modify the dental policies of Japanese administrators.This study is a research project of the Japan Dental Association.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- This paper describes the work of an M.I.T. research project (the Systems Thinking and the New Management Style Project) to bring systems thinking to top management groups in several large, successful corporations. The principal research tool, the “strategic forum” is described and critiqued. The paper then presents a case study to illustrate the strategic forum. Concluding remarks and supporting figures are presented at the end.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- Earlier work demonstrated the presence of two long waves of colonial administration of different lengths (1490-1825 and 1826-1969). Whether these were separate episodes or examples of deeper underlying cyclical dynamics has implications for the existence of a common system dynamic over the long wave. To further inquire into the existence of a common cyclical rhythm these larger waves were decomposed through the use of a non-parametric stochastic measurement model.To do this a 490 year time series of colonial administrations is divided into ten episodes. A conditional Normal-Poisson model is proposed based on the assumptions of a stochastic process. The mean number of colonial administrations established and terminated over each episode are estimated, controlling for a quadratic time trend which would be induced if the system was not constant throughout an episode as assumed. Two sub-cycles are observed withing each of the two long waves of colonial administrations previously reported (Bergesen and Schoenberg, 1980).The presence of these matching sub-cycles provides a strong evidence supporting a common system dynamic in not only economic but political aspects in international life.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- This paper outlines the characteristics of a search process for a planning paradigm to supplant the rational approach. After a brief discussion of the ongoing debate about the shortcomings of the prevailing paradigm, the central issues and assumptions in planning method are identified. These are then used to develop a set of criteria for procedural development and evaluation to guide the search for new approaches to planning. In the first part of the paper such criteria are operationalized to develop a series of procedures and models for community development planning and measures for evaluating these are given. The second part of the paper reports on the actual implementation and evaluation of the approach as an appropriate search strategy. The context, the models, and the evaluation results obtained in two applications, Door County Wisconsin and Janesville Wisconsin, are presented. Based on these applications the potential of the overall approach as a search strategy is discussed.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1987
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
- Descripción:
- During the last year, the Technical Education Research Centers (TERC) has been combining microcomputer-based data gathering instruments with model-building software using the system dynamics approach to develop curriculum materials and software for high school students. The microcomputer laboratory aids students in collecting real-time data in such areas as heat, light, sound, motion, and water movement. Model-building helps students develop and test theories to study the data. An integrated software environment is being developed that will allow the data collected to be input directly into the models. In addition, the software will include an icon driven modeling language, algebraic function grapher, and spreadsheet to provide students with several different approaches to expressing model-building and simulation.