Online Content
El número de resultados a mostrar por página
Resultados de la búsqueda
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- We study the problem of the adequation of the market prices to some "production prices" with which an intersectorial equalization of the gain rate was obtained in an ideal capitalism of free competition. We criticize the treatment of this problem by Marx, Sweezy and Salama-Valier, by its static or aprioristic character. And we propose a system of dynamic regulation utilizing the intersectorial coefficients of an input-output table and supposing full mobility of the capital. The study of this system permits to conclude that the equilibrium values of the gain middle rate and of the production prices depend exclusively of the intersectorial coefficients of the directly or indirectly productive sectors. From this, we study the evolution of the market prices. of the production prices, of the capital organic composition, of the gain sectorial rates and of the gain middle rate from a modification of these coefficients in an equilibrium situation.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- Sponsored by a Dutch Roman Catholic Foundation a System Dynamics computer simulation model has been developed to study the population dynamics of priests of the Dutch Roman Catholic Church. Few vocations since the second half of the sixties led to a disproportional 'going grey' of the priest population. This is manifested not only in the unbalanced age structure but also in a relatively high number of retirements.The model (see enclosed flow diagram) structures on the one hand the physical demographic processes and on the other embodies a theory based on observation of qualitative aspects of disaggregated priest, believer and non-believer populations. Church attendence figures for instance are used as a measure of vocation potential.The model is used to articulate the insights on the influence of policy alternatives on priest population in the coming 50 years or so.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- The St. Radboud Hospital of the University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands is sponsoring a System Dynamics computer simulation designed to study the hospital's textile (bed, catering, medical linen and uniforms etc.) circulation process.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- Just-In-Time (JIT) production is the notion of producing the necessary products in the necessary quantities in the necessary time in every process of a factory and also among companies. It is not uncommon to find JIT used synonymously with "Kanban," which is the name for a specific inventory replenishment system developed by Toyota to accomplish JIT production. The Kanban system employs cards (kanbans) to signal both the need to deliver more parts and the need to produce more parts. A unique feature that distinguishes the kanban-based JIT system is its unique "pull" nature. The paper begins with a review of JIT production and the Kanban system. Then, using the structuring principles of System Dynamics, a simulation model of a kanban-based JIT production system is developed. The formulation effort begins with the "simple structure" of one production stage. By connecting a few of these "basic structures" and adding a market interface module, a complete multi-stage manufacturing system is developed later.To test the internal consistency of the model, several simulation experiments are conducted. The unifying theme in these experiments is the issue of flexibility: How well does the system adapt to changes. The simulations are thus designed to show, for different management policies, the behavior of the system in response to unexpected circumstances. The following cases are considered: normal response, changing the number of kanbans, a breakdown, small and large demand increases, bottlenecks, and capacity planning. Finally, the results of these simulations are used to point out some of the managerial trade-offs involved in JIT production.Although the major contribution is the conceptualization and formulation of the system dynamics model, the paper lays the groundwork for subsequent normative research in the field of operations management.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- The majority of women report that they have been victims of sexual harassment (Safran, 1976, Tangri, Burt & Johnson, 1982). Sexual harassment has been linked, both theoretically and empirically, to psychological and physiological stress, often accompanied by somatic symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and loss of concentration, as well as decreases in job performance and increased absenteeism and turnover. In addition, estimated losses in the federal government alone were in excess of $189 million over a two year period. This paper is one of the first to unify the past research and empirically consider sexual harassment in terms of its underlying mechanisms. It is also one of the first to examine the dynamics of the harasser and the organization in which the harassment occurred. Interactions between the victim, harasser, and organization sector are explored. Results indicate that longstanding organizational traditions of sexual harassment may make it difficult to eliminate harassment in the near future without a comprehensive group of policies concerned with eradicating sexual harassment.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- Business decisions about investments have to be guided by the careful study of market behavior. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the market behavior adopting a modular approach. The total demand of a product in a market gets influenced by a set of four major feed backs related by market saturation, capacity expansion, price fluctuations and motivational efforts. In the paper each of the feed back has been seperately discussed to arrive at a feed back structure which can be used for designing the policies related to expansion of capacity, pricing, motivational efforts etc.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- A dynamic simulation model of interfuel substitution in Oecd-European electricity production is presented. A combination of a priori information and a calibration of the model to hictorical development produces several important results. Adjustment times are much longer than usually assumed, and price elasticities are much higher. Both the simulation model and econometric estimates indicate that the LOGIT model is a better representation of fuel choice in the sector than a constant elasticity function. The LOGIT model explains why estimates of price elasticities tend to vary over time. It also indicates that a fuel can price itself completely out of the market. Finally, the results indicate that coal is protected equivalent to a price subsidy of about 36 percent.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- By analyzing the dynamics of resource allocation in a generic management system, this paper illustrates how chaotic behaviour can be internally generated in a typical System Dynamics model.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- The control of new product growth and market penetration is a key task for corporate management. The concept of Decision Support Systems is applied to this field of problem solving. A general model of innovation diffusion is presented and used to study market response and profit impact of different strategies. Its analysis suggests a marketing approach which aims at rapidly gaining sales volume. Attractive prices and fast capacity built-up take effectively into account the dynamic environment.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1986
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Descripción:
- The course of know-how transfer of multinational corporations in developing countries is presently considered to be very problematic from the view of multinational corporations as well as from the view of developing countries. This paper first develops a descriptive model of this problem. The descriptive model is based on empirical and secondary statistical investigations of Japanese, US-American and German assembling industry multinationa1 corporations (automotive industry, electrical industry and mechanical engineering industry). The descriptive model shows that the know-how transfer process is a process of structural change resulting from the interaction of multinational corporations, local corporations and developing countries. Based on this descriptive model we have developed a formal mathematical model of the evolutionary process of know-how transfer by introducing "spiral loops" as a methodological extension of the system dynamics approach. The spiral loop concept which is based on new developments in evolutionary theory and in the field of artificial intelligence is used to model the qualitative changes in interaction processes which are responsible for structural change and evolution. The feedback loop concept and the concept of shifting loop dominance are used to model quantitative changes in interaction processes. The combination of the traditional feedback loop concept of system dynamics with the spiral loop heuristic allows us to model dynamic interactive processes between two or more autonomous systems in their quantitative and qualitative dimensions. Plots from simulation runs of the model show the evolutionary pattern of the existing know-how transfer process, which is considered problematic. We have analyzed different patterns of this process with model tests in order to generate policy and strategy recommendations for managers of multinational corporations and politicians in developing. countries.