Iegislative Document (1965)
STATE OF NEW YORK
THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH
ANNUAL REPORT
OF
The Correctional Association of New York
135 East 15th Street, New York
1964,
ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF NEW YORK*
February 10, 1965
Hon. Malcolm Wilson
Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate:
Hon. Anthony J. Travia, Speaker of the Assembly:
Sirs—In accordance with Chapter 163 of the Laws of 1848, we
have the honor to present the One Hundred and Twentieth Annual
Report of The Correctional Association of New York, and to request
that you will lay the same before the Legislature,
Rospectfully,
‘THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK
By Melber Chambers, President
Donald H. Goff, General Secretary
= Ths name of the Association was changed fom The Prison Asuciat
of New Yok to Tho Gomeconal Aisciatn of Now Terk on Febranty 1,
96 at a special meeting of the members
(31
PREFACE
‘This is an official report of The Correctional Association of New
York to the Legislature of the State of New York, which has beea
made annually’ since 1845, and constitutes the one hundred and
twentieth of the series.
Paragraph 6 of Article XI of the act incorporating The Correc-
tional Association of New York provides that “the said executive
committee” (of The Correctional Astociation) “by such committees
‘they shall from time to time appoint, shall Have power, and it
Shall be their duty to vs, inspect snd examine all the prisons of the
State, and annually report to the Legislature their state and condi.
tion and all sich other things in regard to them as may enable the
Legislature to perfect their government and discipline
Lal Cospicie the jb
esaaimendatons tthe Laglatre —————
‘A New Pel Law
Narcotic Addict
Noontsiontil Prog fr Youth in Raa
nto aa Inteligence Sytem
Salo of Judge
‘Asda! Ferg ed in ening wad Rebar
f Stato Cotretional Institutions
pling te Laser Offender
‘Wark:Purlough Pla =
3, Istalinent Rayment of Fis aad Diz in Pia ped
Espuson of Can Program for fe
airy of a Hegde rete Boia
Empire Stite Health Council,
Grand Jury Astocation =
‘Grand Jory Association of New Yor =
‘The Fnt 30 Your of the Comet Aiscinion of New Vos
Reception sod Clicaog Cater, Ries [and
‘Brakley
"A Pilot Gourze for Palco Training Oiicas The Tatcralfona
actin of Chee of olen =
Spates fo
The Pretdnts Comics on Eaual Empionmet Oparnily ——
SS aaa Se sh
io
morable Thurgood: Maral —
Depa of inty ad Pusat Savce-Natoal oun
imate ca Se Pvc sd Faint free algiogy=
yen Cea A a
auidWinter Board Mest
‘American Cor
‘Correctional
‘Work Camps tor Outot Schol-Ostol Work Youth ————
sectional Chaplains Asiciaton—National Council
‘United Nations Congress on the Prevention f Cine and Treatmont of
dre Stockholm, 1005 —
rows Prey fr
“otal hye ‘sean, United Nations
saageereges
58
38
a
i
=
8
Ey
3
co
ry
ra
2
ra
3
8
8
0.
ca
38 33882 83
dae
THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK
OFFICERS AND MEMBERS
ate King Visto
‘Mlaisteralvat~Diretar of Probation, West Conmany ~ of the
Saropean latte on flclotion ead Scie Soneane : EXEGUTIVIOOMKOTERE
‘pate socal
Dis Gey Starp Di, aoa Tor Fyn Oona
‘ertavestr” (Denar) x8 resident and Chairman of the Executive Committee
‘The Correctional Asocatio's Direct Service Actiitir Barston ON af tar Peseati Comment
‘amily Service Horea =~ Maen Caanens
Expy Ree Ras x
te Gaoiinal Aetna ogi Actiir1064 a 1 ee
‘Appendis Av Proprcd New York Penal _ 5 reasurer cording Secretary
‘Appendic B-Netcatis Addicton : 1140 BRADEN a W. Caves
EE stp ne Werssane Br Pe ee
wd By Lava Assooiate Treasurer Goneral Seoretary
Waa B. Meven Doxa H. Gore
Vico Presidents
Ms, Jortus Ocns Anu
Mrs, Jouw W. Baszasrnve,
(Cuanrs Suvpaxc Corre.
Hanor K. Hocrscem
Class of 1968 Clase of 1968
Ancummane S, ALEXANDER
Riemann F. Bancocx:
Manon 8, Isaacs Eowano R. Cass
Loxmtz MacDoxatp, M.D.
Clase of 1967
Auceanpen Axomict Class of 1969
Prepnick M. Faro, Donat Aavew
Dav A, Senvure, Ja Gronce F. Bakes, J.
FR. Brovxczy Snerrimens Frepemck W. Rice onp
Henny A. Waters Ropenicx H. Commean
Mrs. Many Srevens Bamo Henny L, Pensox
19)
STANDING COMMITTEES FOR 1965
COMMITTEE ON LAW
ISAACS, AGNEW, HAWKINS
COMMITTEE ON FINANCE
BRADEN, CROSS, CUSHMAN, MEYER, WHITE
COMMITTEE ON DETENTIONS
MRS, BALLANTINE, MEYER, SMITHERS
COMMITTEE ON NOMINATIONS
HOCHSHILD, MRS. ADLER, MRS, BAIRD, MEYER, SMITHERS
COMMITTEE ON PROBATION AND PAROL,
MRS. ADLER, WILMERDING, ALDRICH, DR. MacDONALD
(COMMITTEE ON PRISON ADMINISTRATION
SCHULTE, MRS. BALLANTINE, CROSS
=... The profile of the
penitentiary prisoner is one
PPlalure 9) and ings he
Bs the ondereducated, the
ies the high schoo
srop ons We unemployed
or the sporadically ploy
the unskilled Taborer,
Ihe i the unatached, Hels
the man on the por
‘Feom-="The Mi oa the Periphery”
Stay of ho Monae Gamay (S.) Petty by the
horler Bure of Municipal Revesz
A TRIBUTE
WHEREAS, the long and glorious history of The American Cor-
rectional Association dates back to its founding in 1870, and
WHEREAS, The Association was conceived in the minds of those
then responsible for the Administration of The Prison Astociation of
New York, now known as The Correctional Association of New York,
and itself with now more than one hundred and twenty years of
dedicated service and brilliant achievement in the correctional
Bold, and
WHEREAS, from the year 1870 until 1963, the two associations
progressed hand in hand, with waft services and physical faites
made available to the national body by the local New Yorke asso-
ciation, and
WHEREAS, The Correctional Association of New York is gra-
clously providing facilities for certain of the daily business opera-
tions of the American Correctional Association,
NOW BE Tf THEREFORE RESOLVED THAT The American
Correctional Association, by unanimous vote of its Officers and
Board of Directors, in meeting assembled in the City of New York,
this fourteenth day of February, 1964, expresses ts profound thanks
and gratitude through these meager and humble words to The Cor-
reetional Association of New York for the long and intimate affilia-
tion of more than ninetycthree years, and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT The American Corre:
tional Association further expresses its deep appreciation to The
Correctional Association of New York for the privilege of con-
Hinuing to use certain of its physical facilities in order to better
facilitate its business operations, an
BE IT ALSO RESOLVED THAT copies of this Resolution be
forwarded to tho President and General Secretary of The Correc-
tional Association of New York with grateful expressions of gratitude
for the affiliation of the past and with hope and expoctation that the
years ahead will result in still further mutual achievements in the
Interests of society and the transgressor of the law.
Dated this 14th day of February, 1964, in the City of New York,
HARRY C. TINSLEY, President
JOHN M, WILSON, General Secretary
113)
THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION'S
RECOMMENDATIONS
TO THE 1965 LEGISLATURE
STATE OF NEW YORK
LET’S COMPLETE THE JOB
“There aze three sides to the administration of justice: sound laws,
ficient courts and progressive correction. In two out of these
three main areas in'the administration of justice, the past half
decade has boen one of great progress for the Empire Stato. This
five year span had seen a major revision in tho court systom of
the State, resulting from the constitutional amendment overwhelm-
ingly voted by the people of the State. ‘This same period has seen
the creation of the ‘Temporary Commission on the Revision of the
Penal Law and Criminal Code, with a mandate to prepare for
submission fo the Legislature a rovised, simplified body of the
substantive laws relating to erime and offenses. Tho Commission's
‘major assignments are to revise in a thorough going fashion both
the Penal Law and the Code of Criminal Proced
One woul have to be a criticaster aot to recognize and acknowl
c:dge the fundamental efforts being made to improve the administra-
on of justice In New York, However, one would be completly
hiding his head in the sand not to recognize that the this
area in the administration of justice, namely correction—the treat-
ment of the individuals who have’ been arrested and convicted
‘of violating the law—has ‘not rocoived the attention and su
it needs and merit, aa
‘The reorganization of the courts fn 1962 was a horrendous under-
taking and forward step. Reports from various courts indicate that
the back log of eases awaiting teial has boon markedly reduced.
The State Sprene Cou in Broly, fo etample ennotnced hat
the court reorganization in effect since September 1, 1962,
has ready tarened he ecieney af fat Cours Betwces fuse
30, 1963 and July 3, 1964 the number of persons awaiting tial ot
Grand jury action was reduced from 1,067 to 561~a rediietion of
almost 504, ‘The effect ofthis reduction on over-crowded detention
facilities, faimess to the defendants and witnesses, and faimess to
the complainants is readily obvious.
Further, the effors boing made by the Judicial Conference to
standardize Utls, ob specifications, and the classification of court
eponel in he Sato commendable. Ta spite of the fact that
Additional improvements are indicated, prinaipaly mat
of judicatslecion, COURT REFORM 1S DEF INEIELY ON THE
Wat
Tn 1961 the Legislature erated a commission to review and
simplify the Ponal Law and Code of Criminal Procedure. This
was to be the first complete overhaul of the Penal Law and Code
of Criminal Procedure in 80 years, The Commission, under the able
on
18
leadership of Assemblyman Bartlett, and with such distinguished
individuals on its membership as Mr. Timothy N. Pfeiffer and
Professor Herbert Wechsler, has undertaken its task with enthusiasm
and zeal, Only tho staff, directed by Chief Counsel Richard Denzer,
fand ably assisted by Peter J. McQuillan, Chief Assistant Counsel
fand Peter Preiser Associate Counsel knows the amount of detailed
research involved. Tt has been tremendous. The Commission held
hearings throughout the State on a Proposed New York Penal Law
introduiced in the last session of the Legislature for study purposes.
‘As a result of suggestions for further improvements made at the
hearings and as a result of even further study by the Commission,
some minor revisions may be made and a Proposed Revised New
York Penal Law again introduced in the 1965 Legislature for enact-
ment into Law.
‘This, then, is the second of the three main areas in the administra
tion of justice where the State should and ean be proud of its efforts
"But improving the laws and increasing the efficiency of the courts
is meaningless unless progross is made in the treatment available
for those individuals convieted and sentenced—unless the third
‘main area in the administration of justice, namely correction, re-
Ceives the attention it merits, WE WOULD URGE THAT THE
STATE'S NEXT MAJOR EFFORT BE MADE IN CORRECTION.
It is discouraging to seo the reorganized court system and the
‘efforts for improvements in the penal laws in the State, and then
to note that out of all of the inmates discharged from New York
State correctional institutions in 1963, almost 60% had not reoeived
‘any voestional training while in the institution, and 72% had no
experience whatsoever in the correction industries. This is not of
Se mates ow chosing ofthe dese ofthe Stites Comectioal
i
‘Adainisttation, ‘The cold hard facts are that sufllont support has
tot been given to this puticular aspect of the administaton of
justice in New York State.
“Those chargod with tho responsibility of opersting correctional
oportments al institutions have been expected to work on the
ery involved phenomena of human attitudes and beavior supplied
With ltde in the way of moder facies and expert personne.
They have boon expected to take offenders with lle of no voes-
tonal sls and train them to become employable after holt 70.
Tease. Yot tho institutions are not provided the number of trained
vocational teachers they noed
"To see inmates held in enforced idleness or engaged in grossly
covermanned job assignments or being. given “made work” it very
‘tarbing wien one realizes Bhat, betaiwe of the lack of employ-
‘nent possPlities within the correctional institution, fomates do not
9
have itll i them proper work bait and tend to Dosie
employment problems upon their release. A serious problem recog.
sled by corectlonal adrainistrator ie the attempts by vested ites.
sted groups to curtall oven those fewe employment opportunitics
‘ow available within the institutions. TO THESE EFFORTS THE
TEGISLATURE MUST REMAIN ALERT.
(OF those tested and released from New York State institutions
in 1963, the mealian scholastic grade achicvement fll in the upper
Mal of te auth grade, Ths as alter the Deprtnet of Co
rection had een able t provide for those who participated in edu
cational programs, a metian 61 hours of education, In spite of
Sfforts of the Department, 2307, or 95% ofall inmates released
from New York State correctional institutions in 1969, had reveved
no scademic education in the institutions whatsoever. ‘Tho need
{or adalitional staff for acadomio education is obvious.
‘New York has been hampered in its correction work by a Tack
of varity of housing and. programming for offenders. Many indie
Vidhals, with safety to the! community, could benoit greatly from
4, Progam ae by ule personel working lowed
character’ development, rehabilitation in general, and. providing
Skis which upon release would equip’ the individuals for cone
struction work
e four existing youth camps house only a small percentage
of all the inmates in the Department. Expansion of” the. camp
program could provide a way of draining of many ofthe individeals
tho do not require maximum security now housed fn maxiam
Security institutions at great cost, for whom there is not sullceat
Sevpoyment. Experience In many ober sates and tho Federal
overament points out the many benefits of an expanded program,
aecculy Oy mestoont of aiden: bat ub! ws he Bunty obs
‘works and conservation programs
“These are but a few ofthe areas where the wholchearted support
of the Logislatore is indicated, if the State Department of Correo:
tion i to bo permitted to function upto its capability.
SHORT-TERM CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS
‘The study of the Monroe County Penitentiary, made by the
Rochester Bureau of Municipal Research in 1964, shows the hetero-
geneous population of socially, mentally, and emotionally inade-
quate individuals who make up, by and large, the population of
tho jails and penitentiaries throughout the State. The typical peni-
tontlary and jail inmate in New ork State is succinctly described
in this study, "Man on the Periphery,” of the Rochester Bureau of
‘Municipal Research,
20
<< The profile of the_penttontary
peloter Wroad of baluce, By oot lange
Ro"E the denedested, thie
the igh school drop out tho snomployed
oe tet radicaly Goployed ho uni
lore? ho tthe unattached, He i tho
Be eg
York State's short-term correct
‘and jails provide, ttle of anything, in the way of wor
training, treatment, or education,
The very large percentage of sleoholics committed for publ
snot or dourferty edule eatment fr tht des
‘Whloh they are not obtaining in the local count
ihe Lange munber of adits coma to tho tstittions of
the Departsent of Consetion of New York City ned hospitalizae
tion ard Tong tcrm authoritarian aftercare, but the bulk. receive
Sorrectonal onmitinents, are released, and become re-addicted
within 2 ew days.
Elderly individuals are committed to jails and penitentiaries
because there are no other commbnity resources available, ‘This is
a blot on the State's humanitarianism,
All of these points are recognized by the State Department of
Cotrosion, under the ecient direction of Commissioner Faul D-
SteGionfe’ and the Department of Correction of the City of New
Yook unger bie imaginative leadership of Commissioner Anna M.
Kron ‘They are rovognized as well by many county correctional
futon "To tho bast of ir abit hes Doble eran at
tempt to meet tho problems squarely, but are continously U
nd frustrated by'a general lack of concern and interest in thelr
problems.
‘Tho Empire State has made-major improvements in two out of
the three major areas in tho administration of justice. IT IS NOW
UP TO THOSE IN THE POSITION OF AUTHORITY TO PRO-
VIDE THE LEADERSHIP AND MAKE AVAILABLE FUNDS
AND SUPPORT TO THE THIRD MAIN AREA—CORRECTION.
RECOMMENDATION TO THE 1965
LEGISLATURE
of the
STATE OF NEW YORK
RECOMMENDATION No. I. A NEW PENAL LAW
hat the Legislature study seriously the Proposed Penal Law of
the Temporary Commission on the Revision of the Penal Low and
Griminal Code andl enact a new Penal Law which revises and up-
dates the provisions of the present Penal Law.
COMMENT: Tn 1961 the State Commission on the Revision of the
Penal Law and Criminal Code was created. It was presented with
the monumental mandate of preparing “for submission to tho Logis-
lature, a revised, simplifed body of substantive law
crimes and offenses in the State, a2 well as a revised, simplifed code
ff roles and procedures relating to criminal and. quast-eriminal
actions and “This was to be the first overall study
and revision of the Penal iw and Code of Criminal Procedure since
1881-80 years.
‘With diligence and energy, the Commissfon and staff undertook its
assigned task of bringing order to and eliminating much extrancous
material from the Penal Taw of tho State. ‘The Commission's Prox
ed Penal Law deserves the full consideration and support of
the Legislature, which, inspite of the overwhelming problems fac-
{ng i, bas an obligation to the people of the State of New York to
enact into legislation a revised Penal Law this year.
Further, a continuation of this Commission's activity to allow it
to complete the second part of is assignment, namely the revision
of the Code of Criminal Procedure is defutely indicated, (Out
testimony presented to the Temporary Commission is included as
Appendix A).
RECOMMENDATION No. Il. NARCOTIC ADDICTION
The the Legislature provide the funds necessary to create, on an.
‘experimental ‘basis, a complote program for the treatment of
narcotic addicts; and also provide the funds to increase the number
of beds presently available for addicts in facilities under the State
Department of Mental Hygiene, Specific legislation increasing the
State's jurisdiction over narcotic addicts on cloil certification to
7 years is indicated, as is legislation to require narcotic addicts on
@ftercare supervision to submit to chemical testing to determine
ay
2
Mental Hygiene for treatment rather thin commited to. coree-
tional insiations on a criminal conviction. Continuation and ex
pansion of this program coupled with an increase in objective ¥e-
Eeerch into the highly complered and serious medicalaodal pro.
tem of addiction s orgenty indicated,
Because of the importance of this problem, we are including as
Appendix B ofthis report the program forthe treatment of narcotic
2Efction proposed by thie Assocation presnted tothe Joint Com-
mitt on Health Insurance Plas.
Now York has already assumed a leadership role attempting to
cope with narcotic adeton. Temmust continue to take bold forward
Stope if any inroud is to be made toward tho soution
RECOMMENDATION No. HI NON-RESIDENTIAL
PROGRAMS FOR YOUTH IN TROUBLE
That the Legislature consider seriously the adotoability and de-
sinabilitp of creating non-residential group treatment programs for
#Euth heave ben in difcuty with the law
SOMMENT: A diversifeation of programs and facilities to deal
with the many different types of youth who have committed of-
fenses is of fundamental importance. ‘The ereation of non-residential
treatment programs, pattemed after highly suocessive projects in
other states, would All an existing void in the treatment continuum.
presently available for young offenders now either committed to
programs of the New York State Division for Youth or placed on
perience has shown that not every young offender needs rest
deta nsttuonalzaton, Many can profit by spending their wake
Jing hours in a programn of work, specialized education, and counsel-
ling, retuming to their homes in the evenings; and at a. cost
ch is much loss than that of commitment to & rosdential fa
tution. We would propose, therefore, that the finds and the author-
ity be provided to allow for the commitment of youth in trouble
to nontesidential treatment programs, on an experimental basis.
RECOMMENDATION No, IV. IDENTIFICATION
AND INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM
That the Legislature continue ite interest in the New York State
Identification and Intelligence System prosently being developed
in the Executive branch of the Government. That sufficient funds
23
bbe appropriated to allow for the completion of the design, and this
tnt be made’ permanent state agency by statute.
COMMENT: In an electronic age, those given the responsibility
of combating erime and administering Justice rust have really
Svallabl to them a sodom system of ideatieation and itelignee,
to less effective than that aed by lange industry. ‘The munber of
Public agoncies invelved in the administration of justice and te
umber of offenders inthe State, coupled with a high degreo of
mobilty, dictates the need forthe rapid interchange of infnaton
‘ong fae enforcement and correctional agencies
‘A sumnbor of departments involved, ranging rem police through
role, presently maintain of Ses and records, which im many eases,
luplicato the information in ofr agencies, With an eflciens cen,
tral identiation and intelligence system, Sse mountains of paper
records could be reduced sith resulting substantial savinge fad
rear efcency
RECOMMENDATION No. V. SELECTION OF JUDGES
That the Legislature consider seriously modifying the preset
procedure whoreby judges are selected, 10 tnsure th highest tecel
Of eel and criminal justice inthe State. That the deliberations of
the Cttzons Conforence on the Courts, sponsored by the Committee
or Modern Courts and the Joint Committee for the Ejection Ad
Iministration of Tustoe in New York City, December It and 2nd,
16h, be considered as they relate tothe judd selection procesed
in the Stat.
COMMENT: ‘The New York Citizens Conference on the Courts
in its summary made the following statement:
NEW YORK TODAY
‘The crisis in the courts of New York do-
‘mands immediato and sweeping changes in
the administration of justice. Whilo the
citizens of this state can take justifable
pprido in the improvements of the recent
ast, these gains will be diluted or lost
unless further steps are now taken to com-
plete the task so well begun.
Election of judges should be abolished.
Judges should be freed from all political
obligations and removed from any political
pressures.
a
Timited area or 3
sSouid be indereaen as it tp, The
wil not rest unt all of thelr judges
bre taken out of polities
‘The above statement cannot be overlocked. Tt represents the
thinking of this Conference which included the participation of
such notable individuals as: Mr. Jobn J. McCloy, Chainnan, Com-
mittee for Modem Courts; the Honorable William J. Brennan, Jr.
Astociate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States; Mr. Glenn
R. Winters, Executive Director, American Judicature Society, and
General Edward 8, Greenbaum, former Vice-President of the As-
sociation of the Bar of New York City, long a driving force behind
the efort to reorganize and reform the court system.
RECOMMENDATION No. VE_ QUALIFICATIONS OF
PERSONNEL IN COUNTY CORRECTIONAL
INSTITUTIONS
That legisltioe support be provided to improve the efficiency and
‘quality of persons employed in county correctional institutions by
Requiring pre-sercice training ond in-service traning
COMMENT: Repeatedly, at national, regional, and state gather-
Sago profesional comectional adminis te ace to peo
the quality and training of personnel, particularly in county jails,
is sounded. Without a tained, competent staf, security is broached
and the very safety of the community is threatened. Each
incidents occur in Tocal county correctional institutions “which
int directly to the “inescapable conclusion of the ineptuess,poot
ring techniques, lack of proper qualifentions and. the general
danger tothe public health and safety of the people of the Gounty”
in the jad, ag cited by one newspeper article reporting on an
investigation of one such untoward incident.
"A glant forward step would be taken if, prior to actual appoints
rout, new employesr wore required to successully complete
Saning progam fs minimum ofa ast to wes, Sud « po-
gam, containing instruction in security measures, searching, Bre-
Pa
‘arms, pablic health matters, food service, and the fundamental
philosophy of correction, should bring about great improvement,
and the Forgotten institutions—the. jails—could beoome an im.
portant constructive step in the rehabilitation and reclamation of
the many thousands of offenders who pass through these local insti-
tutions in the State of New York each yoat.
Local county correctional institutions aro an extromely important
cog in tho administration of justice. Not only is the county jail tho
first place of incarceration of more than an overnight’ stay for all,
offenders, and therefore shapes the individuals attitude toward im=
prisonment and the administration of justice in general, but it is
also the place of confinement for many thousands of individuals
who are Subsequently placed on probation or given short sentences
of less than a year. In addition, the jails house individuals who have
not yet been indicted or convicted of a crime and may not be
guiliy. The task of operating a county correctional facility ef
ficiently, effectively, and safely directs that the positions from cor-
rection officer to the administrator responsible to the elected offical
be filled by persons who are objectively recruited, appointed, and
tcained.
RECOMMENDATION No. VI. PRE-PAROLE CAMPS
That there be established state operated pre-prole units near
large industrial hiring areas for the preliminary adjustment and as
‘an intial step to approaching parole,
COMMENT: | For the long term inmate, who because of the nature
of institutional life has had the range of his decisions greatly nar-
rowed, release to the community, while eagerly sought can be a
bewildering and frightening experience. ‘There is a trend in some
areas, including the Federal Government, to make a gradual change
in prisoner housing and priviloges shortly before release, not as.
reward, but as a kind of steadying inflionce. Tn these pre-parole
facilities prospective parolees are Telioved somewhat of the rigid-
ity and the monotony of institutions] regimentation as an easing of
of a balancing influence.
‘Through a cooperative arrangement with the Federal Govern:
suet tateperiminal peers @ oouitg « vary scalar of
men from New York State correctional institutions to the Spring-
Feld Guidance Pro-Release Canter in New York City has been ex:
tromely successful, Hore men have an opportunity to ceive coun.
selling, « place to live, and the opportunity to look for work while
still ia a Supervised zesidential situation,
26
RECOMMENDATION No. VIN ELDERLY OFFENDERS:
That the Legislature direct an examination into the present pro-
cedure of hanulling elderly offenders both by the courts and the
dispositions available to determine more humane, economic, and
generally desirable means of coping with this growing population.
COMMENT: The increasing nomber of individuals over the age
of 68 inthe State and the unique problems of this age group port
Sp the need to pay increasing attention to the way the angsocal
tohavior of this elderly popelation is met, The State sould exath-
ine the desirability of creating a specialized court to handle the
problems uniqve t0 older individuals who become involved a ant
Social behavior. A® zusual ar it may soved, it highly posible
that the unusual problem of this older segment of the population
‘of New York State, which, because of lack of other agencies most
be handled in th regia cours, might bo more effectively snd ae
smanely dealt with by a specialized court dealing exchsively with
tlderly offenders. Such a ourt, similar to the specialized court for
andling the problems of jveniles, could work fn cose cooperation
with various community ageneles, bath public and: private, om
ered with the aged
RECOMMENDATION No. IX. POLICE COURT ALCOHOLIC
We would propose that a study be made to determine the of
fectiveness of the present practice of committing alcoholics to insti
tutions under the control of the New York City Department of Cor
ection or county correctional institutions within tho State, and that
‘alternative measures be considered.
COMMENT: The commitment of aleoholies to jails and peniten-
tiaries fs “an exercise in futility.” A talk with anyone even slightly
Knowledgeable om jails, mot only in this State, but other states ia
the United States, Jkly disclose the complete ineffective
ness of jll commitments for alcoholics. A visit to any institutfon for
the lesser offender quickly points ont even to the casual observer
the scope of the problem. It is estimated that well over 50% of the
[population of local jails consists of individuals for whom aleohol is
a problem.
Alooholisin is a disease, so designated by the Amerioan Medical
Association, It is as useless to expect a “cure” of this disease through
‘he “punishing” of the individual alcoholic as it would be to expect
to cure any disoaso through punishing the affected person,
Because of the scope of the problem, one cannot realistically ex-
a
ect an overnight shift in the handling ofthe chronic police cout
obilic from correction to mental Hygiene. Such a ove, would
completely werwhelm the Departinent of Mental Hygione both in
termi of personnel and facies ‘This Is not to say that the ult
‘nate goal should not be the shifting of responsiblity for these type
cases from correctional to mental hygiene facies
‘AS a step toward the wltinate objective we would propose that
serious consideration be given to legisltion similar to the Metal
Volker legslation, adequately Bnancod, dealing with narcotic d-
diets, which would permit selected alcoholics to be committed on
4 ful basis to specalized ilies and programs tnder the juris:
diction of the Department of Mental Hyghene, for an indeterminate
Pend not exceeding one year inchiding aftercare. Coterminous
{rath such acti commitment to the Department of Mental Hygiene,
the individual might be placed on probation for a period not exceed
ing fwo years alter determination of compulsory detention,
By auch a procedure we belleve that greater fexblty would al-
Tow for the constrictive teatment of alcoholics ae public health
problems rather than comectional problems who now receive re
peated ul eominitmeats At the sate ume, persons who do eure
Enrrectlnal treatment might be committed fo a corectonal fclty
forthe proteston of the community
RECOMMENDATION No. X._ ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL
TRAINED IN EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR
SCIENCES FOR STATE CORRECTIONAL
INSTITUTIONS.
That legislative support be given and funds provided to the State
Department of Correction to allow the State correctional institu.
tons ta employ a sufficient number of personnel trained in educa-
Hon and the behavior sciences to work more vigorously toward pro-
tecting the community.
COMMENT: Correction reguites the accumulated sills and
Inowdgs of many itn voc as education, zyeooay,
sociology, paychiatry, and social work in addition to custodial spe
Gialste TO assume’ chat incarceration of an individual without
Sdequate training and treatment is ample protection for the State,
i an extremely shortsighted view. Individuals do aot lear to be
sellsificient and develop educational skills without adequate voce-
onal tafning, nor do individvals develop work habits by being
Tred in enforced idleness because of Tack of work avaiable. in
inotintions, Inmates do not bocoae educated, excopt ‘slong criminal
28
lines, unless a sufficient number of teachers are employed both to
‘motivate them toward education goals and to conduct the instrac-
tion,
Tnmates with serious psychiatric problems do not have their prob-
Jems solved and their mental illness cured simply by incarceration.
‘They require the diagnosis and treatment by both psychiatric and
poycholog’
‘The State Department of Correction, as its name implies, is
ed to correct individuals who in overy instance have failed
in the community. Tho State Department of Correction is dealing
‘with a popelation of 100 per cent failures. Yet, to accomplish this
‘monumental task of correcting, the Department is not provided
with suffciont professional sta
Only after a serious and concerted effort has been made, applying
the knowledge of human behavior which has been gained in the
past few decades, with a sufficiently intensive treatment program
conducted by trained psychiatrists, educators, psychologists and
social workers, will the State be able to unsnarl the very knotty
and serious problem of a dangerous and costly crime rate.
RECOMMENDATION No. XI. HANDLING THE
LESSER OFFENDER
That the Legislature diveot an examination into the effectiveness
of the present methods available to handle the lesser offender, par-
tHoularly as they relate to short commitments to local jails and
penitentaries,
and, in so doing, have failed to provide the community with the pro-
tection it deserves.
A. WORK-FURLOUGH PLAN
We would suggest that such an examination
of effectiveness of the present method avail-
29
able to handle the lesser offender should
consider the possibilities and desirability of
legislation enabling the courts to permit sel-
‘ected individuals to leave the institutions to
which they have been sentenced during neo-
‘essary and reasonable hours to work at their
employment or to seek employment,
‘The sentencing ofan individual to a jl imposes many bards
in adition tothe loss of ery tothe individual, not only upon the
individuah bot upon the community. During the ered of fncarcere
tio, the commnty és roqured to atiteln Ge peron, providing
food, cloting and cele and the famly of thetindval inca
erated oft becomes a pubis wellare sarge. In ado, during
the incarceration the state and community Tose tho txen ‘pid by
this individual onthe income ho wo exrang
‘We foal tat in celected case tho cou should be enabled and
encouraged fo extend to the parson sented to incarceration of
foore than 60 days (present state #2188 of tho Ponal Lava, ae
Had any dopendents, toward thelr suppor.
“The Amarican Lav Inatiute in ier Model Penal Code adopted
in May of 1063 after year of work by an impressive staf and Crim
inal Lave Advisory Committe, on which a number of outstanding
New York jury served, contains such a provision.
“The work-frloagh commitment would, we fea, not ooly relieve
the community of the economic burden of maintaining the ind
‘ual during his incarceration and relieve it of the support of is
dependents during the sume period, but would ako be «step for
ward in tho rehabiltation of the individual, thereby contebuting
Aircty to the protection of soclety.
B, INSTALLMENT PAYMENT OF FINES AND DISPARITY
IN FINES IMPOSED
‘We would propose that such an examination
of present methods available to handle the
lesser offender should consider the means of
reducing the disparity in the commitment
{in days for each specific unit of dollars of fine
in the instance of fine non-payment, and con-
30
sider the feasibility of the installment pay-
‘ment of fines where indicated.
Examination of cases committed to the Workhouse of New York
City for nom payment of tele violation nes reveals a mar
Guperty among cases in the amount of fine worked off for each
day of incarceration, ‘The incarceration period ranged from ind
viduals who were working their no off af th rate of 8400 per day
to thoso who were working their Bne off at the rate of $2400 per
Say. Such marked disparity creates feelings of favoritism anda
general disrespect for equality in the administration of justice.
‘We would propose further that consideration be given to the
practicality of allowing individuals to pay theie nes on an install
rout bass over a period of time. As odd asthe installment payment
UF fines may seem, this procedure might be the solution to the
Problem coffionting manly individuals in a Tow tmeome category
Bho do not have suelo money to pay the entire fine at the me
Ghipesticn, and might reduce the ineldents of individuals required
{o serve tine in liew of fine payment or foreed to borrow money
from loan sharks in order to remain out of jal
RECOMMENDATION No. XII. EXPANSION OF CAMP
PROGRAM FOR OFFENDERS
That legislature support be gicen to the expansion of correc-
tion comps for oth yong ond edule ofenders
COMMENT. It is now recognized that «good correctional pro-
fgam dictates that a variety of housing and programs are available
the tectment of offenders, Flenbiliy of facies and programs
fsa cardinal principle in correction, Many individuals committed
teense of the violation of the laws of the stato do not require
tasimnm security. ‘They could benefit greatly from a propery staf
trl eamp program, Camps can provide the nocssary labor to supple-
Tent work presently being carried on in the State's parks and on
Gouervation projects. Camps can provide better indlvidvalization
of troatmont because of the smaller mimber of individuals in each
Separate unt
‘Wile emphasts has ben on youth with the renewal ofthe camp
sen in this State (fo a grat extent dio to tho leadership of the
State Division for Youth} iti well to think of cunpa for other age
groups, Good work i being done forall ages in tho camp opet-
ious of innumerable stateras well as inthe fos youth camps in
the State of New York. This recommendation docs not relate to
the use of camps asa meni for houslog and treatment of younger
al
ofendes alone, but alo for adults, Dive housing, epecily
ia Subse ergo Nev Yat ancomry por cfs Crees
teat DepertoeSis protein
‘Other dite have feted ht eemelyvahablo to ental campe
on the grounds of otber toncerorna iptons inthe rey
sing ub nats tsp a eo co ol is pears el
Inena work of that lation. The operon of eons grou
Maescaaaes gates isn dutta by tastes oa eee
Si ground a tins of et depart tol
i ats tae) ber use prides mencEnrel GT oe
Imes Wh, becuse ofthe lak of work taser socal coe
Teton tao, tay be hd Yo toreal lones
RECOMMENDATION No. XIN. BAIL BONDS
‘That on examination in depth be made and meane developed to
combat the abuses and listo of the bal bond procedure and
Systm
COMMENT, respective of any abuses of bondsinen or others,
there isthe broad question of the extent to which the bail bond
system is used, its underlying rationale, and its chief boveltare.
‘The enlightened research project on tho admlsistration of the bal
system in New York City begun in 1961 by the Vera Foundation
With the cooperation of the New York University School of Law,
Tevealed the “dofendants are severely handicapped in preparing
their defenses. ‘They are unable to cam money to hire'a lawyer
anid pay for ivestigation, They cannot help late witnesses, They
must consult court appointed counsel not i the privacy or con
‘enlonce of an oie, bot in te jal. The defendant enters the court
Inthe company of a guard, «fact not lost on jurors. If convicted
he is unable to poine to employment and good conduct while ia
jail as grounds for probation, f found mot guilty he has needlesly
feral the degradation of jll and lis family has been punished
8 wal, There ae god ground for suspecting that the outcome
Of case, a to both judgment and sentence, fe ateraly inflen™
tal by whether he is tn ful or on bal
‘The New York Times, in an editorial lauding the experiment
project initiated by the Vera Foundation, stated “justice is cheated
{when a man of means of the well healed gangster i fred on bail
‘lle the sccined poor person gots fo jail for lnc of money to
Is ball bondsmen’ ach year thousuade of the indigent ace led
Ibchind. bars, serving time before tal because of the inability to
raise even the nominal amount of $50.00 bail for which the
premium i $25.0."
32
Not only has this experimental project attracted nation wide at
teation (a national conference on bail bonds was eld during 1963)
but also the function has been picked up ia part by Probation ia the
ity of New York by public funds
"Phe ball project might well be placed on a state wide bass
RECOMMENDATION No. XIV. CORRECTIONAL,
‘ACADEMY
That the facilities and funds be provided for the establishment
of an Academy of Correctional Training in the State Department
of Correction,
COMMENT: To develop a better understanding and closer rela-
Sonship song the various fre a the adninitaton of fut,
dad to respond tothe sifting role expected of coretional agencies
to operate programs and maintain facies of rehabilitation rather
than imply places of containment, requires a igh quality of por-
Sonnel anda program of training. Itis becoming increasingly 700g.
{zed that qualifed personnel are extent for progress ia Ge at
‘hinstation of dnstlttons, probation, and. parce departments as
Wel ar other agonces involved in crime control and the prevention
Df delinquoneys Such personnel must be adequately trained tarngh
Dressivice inservice taining programs, and sefethor couse. The
Palce Department of the City of New York has long maintained
a polio aeademy which bas been further developed: rough the
ttublishment in 1058 of the Baruch School as pat of the City Col
loge of New York, ‘The Federal Bureau of Prisons and the State
of California lave made substantial demonstrations along the line
Of improving the Goals and fonctoning of poronel ough
Course, and supplementary schooling, ant inspired leadership.
The New York City Department of Comection, which in 1057
crab’ anatomy fo ting conection) personel on
Filer Inland, in 1964 cooperatively with the newly erested Borough
of Mankattan Commonty College, furthered its vaining by intro
Aicing an Associate of Ants ogee program in correction
‘Tho steps already taken by the State Department of Comecion
with the Tnstitute at St. Lavrreneo University and in various oom
Inunity colleges could be even further aided by such an academy
tvhich could serve not only a 2 taining area for personnel in fst
tutions, But also for those fn community rime prevention programs,
probation, and. perole-all in tho correctional and_ prevention of
rime process-through collaboration with schools of higher Tear
ing ofthe State.
THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION’
CE
RAL ACTIVITIES
GENERAL ACTIVITIES
[As with the past generations, the distinguished persons who gave
of their time and talents to The Correctional Association in 1064,
all had a sense of moral duty and social conscience. As a union of
Gitizens without regard to political party, The Correctional As-
sociation of New York continued its efforts to secure for the people
of the State the most efficent and effective administration of justice.
Recognizing, as it has since 1844 that governmental responsibility
for handling offenders does not absolve private citizens from their
obligation to pursue crime prevention and correctional improve-
nent, by means of study and treatment, the Association, through
its various citizen committees and professional staff, wat involved
in a multitude of projects in 1964,
Much of the credit for the Association's progress in two areas of
interest, namely narcotic addiction and the alcoholic offender, rests
with the chairmen and the members of the two Ad Hoe Coramittees
fon these two topics.
‘Because of their particular importance and interest to the safety
of the community, a brief review of the committees’ work is out-
lined below:
NARCOTIC ADDICTION
“The Cocroctonal Association of New York, through sts Ad Hoe
Commitee om Narcotic Addiction, chared. by Me. Willis ‘B.
Moyer, continued ite oforts toward ainelirating the very savalved
tnd complicated problem of naretio addiction which i so wide
Spread among the youth of many sections of the City and State,
Mier innametable meetings wih representatives of the Depa
‘nent of Mental Hygiene, the New York Gty Department of ath,
the Federal Bureat of Narcoten the State Department of Corr.
tion the State Counmision of Parole, and others interested in hs
‘ory serious problem, the Committee devoted it energes toward
Sgg etn gf Asati sl poping dl
min directed toward is solution.
Pi thie paper was referred to a number of agencies, both public
and private with aa interest ia the problem of narotle addition,
and ‘comments snd observations received from tho. New York
‘eadomy of Medicine, the State Bar Association, the State Depart
tment of Mental Hygione, the Federal Bureau’ of Nareotic, the
Mayor and City Couned, the Administrative fudge of tho Courts
of New York City, plus others Additional drafts were prepared
[35
36
14st of gestions and obo tht woe made
Association released to the press statement
ion and program on narcotic addiction. As revue
‘Asoclation received insumerable requests from individuals and
Organizations for full copies, ‘The Now York City Department of
Correction sent 5 copes tothe morbers ofthe Board of Correction,
top administrative personnel, and wardens; Grand Jury Association
of New York County sent copes tots Board of Diteclors the East
Harlem Protestant Parish, chaired by the Reverend Norman Eady.
asked for I8 copes for distabution; NAPAN and the Nareotie Coun:
fil of New York City both showed a great deal of foterest and
tsked for eoples
Following the news release; the Journal American on June 14
1964 caried an editorial stating: “The proposal (of The Correctional
Association of New York) compiled after 18 months of investigation,
contemplates hospital confinement for not les than 6D days, super.
‘sion in work comp, continued care elfway houses inthe addets
"flere menrres ar sound.”
The Assocation was encouraged by the response it had received.
Because of tho concer being shown and proposals being made
to ameliorate the “gle snifing™ by youngsters, tho Association
developed a simple statement and proposal.
A PROPOSAL RELATED TO “GLUE SNIFFING”
Recently there has beon a. wave of sense-
ional newspaper accounts about youngsters
snifing glee” and an ensuing wave of puni-
tive panaceas offered. ‘The’ most common
proposal would restlt the sale of “aizplane
Hive" to individuals ender 18 years of age.
‘While the concera over the uae of glues By
youngsters to orento a state of Intodeated
‘Suphorl is understandable, legtlaion to ban
the sale would in our extimation be both
Jeet in solving the problem and Bave
imental effects far beyond any possible
favorable results. Our experienoe with iad
viduals who, because of an emotional
ability, seek means of articilly creating a
euphoric state leads us to recognize the many
common household articles that are used and
can be used for such purposes. ‘The banning
oe
of the sale of one substance would simply
Shift the fad to other substances, Many other
common household materials have been, ca
bey and. are used, :
‘We would propose in iow of banning the
sale that youngsters under the inffaonce of
Sy intortent be considered tn need of the
Fomily Courts protection and. peychiatle
evaluation. ‘By this process, the substance
aed fo create the escape is unimportant,
Wi, a tho, samp tino, tho, dotinental
‘Hoc upon youth of the se of any intoxicant
‘vould allow forthe intervention ofthe state
Tor his ovn and the state's protection
"The banning of one substance, “aiplane
luc" or any restiction init legitimate sale
fer hobby porposes would also, in ovr estima
tion, seriously affect the constrictive habby,
work of many undrods of thovsands. of
Arerican youth, who do aot abuce the sub
ance. Such restriction would not only be
Utowise, but detsimenta. The ban of the sale
of glues, we fel, is unwarranted.
‘To date, this proposal has been forwarded to 118 newspapers who
have shown concern over “Tame sniffing” in the United States. On
the matter of “fume sailing,” the Assodation Ings proposal to a
huraber of people and agencies that the lm “The Seent of Danger”
produced By the Hobby Industry Association of America, was an
Excellent constructive Way to approach the problem locally. The
position of the Hobby Industry is that of The Correctional As:
Sectation with regard to local ordinances.
"The Ad Hoc Committee on Narcotic Addiction, in view of con-
ficting points of view as to the best means of handling narcot
auldiets and the gonoral lack of leadership within the State, fas
attempted to brig together various authorities in the field of
narcotic addiction, striving to develop some uniformity of thinking.
Small, informal moctings involving’ representatives of the State
Department of Mental Fiygiene and the Federal Bureau of Narcotics
were arranged. Members of the Committee also met with the
Narcotics Coordinator of the City of New York
‘Nor did the Committee overlook public education by the use
of radio, ‘The Committee arranged for's pane! discussion on narcotic
‘diction for: Senator Coorge R. Metcalf, author of the bill allow.
38
ing forthe civil cotiBeation of certain narcotic adits to facies
under the contol of the ‘Department of Mental Hygiene: Me
George M. Bell, District Supervisor of the Bureau of Nascotes
for New York: Dr. Heaty Bell. Medical Director, Pilg State
Hospital, Department of Mental Hygiene and Mr, Donald Colt
General Secretary of The Correctional Assctation of Now York
At the very ast inte baer ofa mol eal vote, Sento Metal
‘was not able to appeur on the program and expressed. deepest
regrets The two, one-hal! hour programs ver WNBC were ex
tremely well received.
"At the request of Senator Metcalf, the Assocation presented its
evaluation of the effect of the Metcal-Volker logblation at =
public hearing of the Joint Comittee on Medical Health Plans,
ired by Senator Metcalf. At this tine, the Assocation pointed
Sut tht, while a slatively’ small number of individuals drestod
fn a narotie charge had been transfered to facies under the
Department of Mental Hyglene, the program should not he severely
cvilced or looked at as being a flor. It must be looked at ee
fm experiment, and the ansiety t find ¢ quik, permanent sation
to natootc addiction should not causa sn inondaton of capes to
overwhelm both the personne! and the facies of the Department
of Mental Hygiene
THE ALCOHOLIC OFFENDER
The futility of committing the chronic police court alcoholic to
correctional institutions to sorvo short sentences for public intoxic
tion or disorderly conduct has long been recognized by The Cor:
reetional Association of New York. In view of the seriousness of
the problem throughout the State, and the United States as well
an Ad Toc Committca on the Alcohlic Offender was crested by
“The Correctional Associaton, This Committee is chaired by Mr. R
Brinkley Smithers, member of the Governor’ Advisory Committec
on Alcoholism and President ofthe National Council on Alesholis
it was the conseasis of the Committee that its focus shout be
primarily on public euestion, with particular emphasis upon the
felucation of personnel involved in fhe administration of justice.
As its project the Cominitee agreed that it should. develop «
Handbook on Alcoholism for law enforcement personnel
Gontact was made with the Intrnational Assotation of Chefs
of Police by Ms. Goff. who proposed that that organization might
‘want to co-sponor, with The Correctional Assocation, such a Had
book. We were most encouraged bythe responve yo recaved, which
aboued us that the International Assocation of Chiefs of Police
would defnitely favor mich a projec, since that wes
rin that seh a Hnrlbock wovll be very tot sr tho polos
thought the United Se _
"The original proposal for educational material for peroos
volved in the stimisistation of fustice came from the Technical
Xesiance Program onthe aloote offender, which was sponsored
doring the: year by ‘The Correedonal Assocation, together with
Several other state’ and federal agencin It war frtber recom
epi hg ime st Hall Coan Coton oy A
olism, and subsequently ‘cr newly formed Com-
Shorr Mobnion an of a oeloas,
‘As-a result, the Comittee prepared & draft of « Handbook oa
Alchotinn, which was created among the Commitee member
five separate drafts. Critical evaluation was made of each draft
medical specialists the International Association of Chiefs of Police,
representative from alcoholism treatment and educational units,
as well as the Editor of the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol,
‘2 Journal with an international reputation in the feld. By the end
fof the year, the final draft was ready for print
{tis anticipated that the initial printing will be 50,000, which will
be distributed by The Correctional Association of New York and
tho International Association of Chiefs of Police in March of 1965.
‘This Handbook will be used as part of the training program of the
International Association of Chiefs of Police.
In view of its distribution throughout the United States and
Canada, it was not possible to include a section on specific
souroes. A proposal will be made to the North American Association
of Alcoholism Programs that each state alcoholism director provide
the police in thelr state with a list of local state resources.
‘Among those to whom The Correctional Association will be cir-
culating the Handbook will be the sheriffs, since they are the ones
responsible for the operation of the jails to which many aleoholies
are committed, and who bear the brit of the chronic police court
alooholie problem,
‘As part of its general program on the alcoholic offender, the Ad
Hoe Committee scheduled a Series of s on the various aspects
of the police court alcoholic for the monthly meetings of th Ex.
cutive Committes.
Mrs. Hortense Mound, Chairman, Sub-Committee on Alcoholism,
State Bar Association was ono such speaker, who explained that
the State Bar Association is concemed with the impact of the law
on of alcoholism, 1g that this is only one small
0
way of approaching the entire problem. She stated further that it
was the underlying principle of the Sub-Committee on Aleoholism
of the State Bar Association that (1) alooholism is an iliness, not a
‘rime and, (2) persons with alcoholism do not belong ia jal,
"Another speaker, The Honorable John M. Murtagh, Administra.
tive Judge, New York City Criminal Court, pointed out that there
{sitll or 20 agreement as to the proper way of handling the very
difeal problon of the chronic pollce cour ofender who's assur
fed to be a victim of alcoholism, He raised. several fundamental
‘questions. Are we dealing with the phenomena of alcohoties when
ive are dealing with the ebronie police court cate? What is alcohol.
sm? To Judge Murtagh alcoholism is a pathology, the essential
ur of whic te compulsion to dak: Going Bi deddon, he
Wondered how many Individuals on skid-row fall into this category
“hae growing eling that the court n dealing withthe conic
police court offender, is primarily dealing with human inadequacies
note than it {¢ dealing! with alcoholism, To Judge Murtagh, the
‘hronic police court case is basically one of hucaan inadequacy and,
‘8 such, tho penal approach is entirely wrong. These individuals are
“sick’ in the broadest sense of the term and their use of alcobol is
simply a symptom. They are fundamentally umder-socalized people
who emerge to adulthood and attempt to adjust fo an adult fe, aod
the ue of alcool in excess sone ofthe ways in which they attempt
adjustment.
‘A third speaker, Dr. Ruth Fox, Medical Director of the National
Council on Alcoholiem raised a similar question as to exactly how
many skid-row habitues are addicted to alcohol and would properly
fall into the category of alcobolics, Many are not, she believes, in
spite ofthe fact Ha hey may use anol to dll Ue shagpnes of
their problems from time to time. The skid-row individuals arc
generally oldor transients who fall into several categories. Opera
Hon Bowery, a broad action and research demonstration project
dealing with the human problem of the Bowery’s homeless men,
jded them into three main groups.
1. Those with income or pensions sufficient to enable mainte-
nance at the prevailing low prices, This group includes full-time
‘employed unskilled workers and elderly pensioners,
2 Those who worked intermittently at casual jobs and support
themselves by working but need help when not working. ‘This
ggoup, Inches’ men “employed regularly and on the most
‘menial jo
3. Those who worked or “panhandle” to buy aleabol. This group
includes the aleobolis for whom drisking has become a way of
Wi
a
To Dr. Fox, each group on the Howsry requires diferent tats
ment and requltes the eboperation of ito, ‘eligius leaders,
social worker, police, and the mica
Ape fis cok as te deal Siac,
the Commitee participated in the Empire Stato Health Councils
Conference on Alcokolon-a community problem. Mr. Goff and Mr.
Smithers both were on the program.
Further, a part ofits work onthe aleohollo offender, the Assoia-
sg tel le en omit Meal He la
Albany @ bill intodiced by Senator George B, Motealf
‘whieh would allow forthe civil cerifcation of certain slesholis to
Faolities under the contol and jurisdiction of the Department of
Montal Hygiene. The Association was disappointed when tis bill
‘vas not pasted, It wil continue to work for is passage as we believe
that the aleoholio should not be teated as erin Dut should
The following are indicative of the breadth of the various inter-
ests and activities of the Association within the State of New York,
nationwide, and internationally.
TEMPORARY COMMISSION ON REVISION OF THE PENAL
LAW AND CRIMINAL CODE
‘A Commision on Revision ofthe Penal Law and Criminal Code
wat created by the Logislatare in 106, forthe purpose of soidying
“existing provisions ofthe Penal Lav, the Code of Criminal Proce:
Gig th Goreton La and ter slated attr” and of prea
“for submiodon to the Legslatore, a revised, simplifed bod
Sieansts les saseg vs Gem wo pies inbak Saes a0
Srv ipod ide of rn and prsedres atg t0
Criminal and quasteriminal ations and proceedings. Ta
tho Comnesions two man anajor assigntent ae to ove in hoe
ough going fashion the Penal Law and the Code of Criminal Proce.
heir of whish ar eee sy ovr von eatent
dling the past 83 yes
'At the Une of the creation of this Commision, the Assocation
proposed the names of two individuals for the Camanission, who
Wrote subsequently named, Sine the creation of this Commission,
the Asoiton Bs atin an atv intr i work and
reports, recelving advanced copies of is propor
A copy ofthe Proposed Now York Penal La ntoued forthe
purpose of study, was forwarded to each member of the Lavr Coms
Intine of the Atsociation, who studied it in proparation for tho
public earings.
(Of major concer to the City Parole Commision is a major peo-
2
al thatthe penmissve, presnt, separate sentencing laws for cites
EF the fst cls be clinated. More specifically in New York City
tinder the special eatencing law (Arle TA ofthe Correction Law)
any pervon who & convicted within the City of a crime or an of
fenug, and sentenced to an instttion under the jorsdtion of the
Gityt Department of Correction, must be sentenced to the penstens
tiny, workhouse or the seforatory, If the eoart sentences the
offender to the penitentiary or the teforimatory, the sentence is for
ttsctomnatory (defenminte) term, But te court sentence the
fender to the workhouse (certain charges are excluded), the
Sentence must be Tora fied period not to exceed six months.
‘The court i imposing a reformatory type sentence eannot fx a
sminkmim. However, an indeterminate sentence to the penitent
tannot exceed 3 years and under the old New York City Reforma:
tory law, sentences for misdemeanors could not exoeed 8 year.
Since New York City i the only city ofthe Best class in the State
that has adopted the provisions of 74 a markod disparity exists be-
tween tho Clty of New York andthe ater 57 counties of the State,
in that an individual convicted of « spec misdemesnor cat in
New York City receive « sentence with a maximum up to 9 years
and tn the other counties of the State a maximum up t only one
yen
There are, however, a number of advantages to the New York
ity lw, ono of which allows for parole supervision up to 3 years
for serious offenders who, as' reslt of the downgrading of tele
wve been convicted of & simple misdemeanor,
“The General Sceretary spent many hours in discussion with the
Chairman of the New York City Parole Commission and the As.
seciate Counsel of the Temporary State Commission on the Revision
Of the Penal Law and Crininal Code in an effort to reconcle the
‘atl divergent polnts of view on Section TA ofthe Correction Law.
The proposals ofthe Commission would abolish this particular soc.
tion which allows forthe Syear indeterminate sentencing of indi
‘uals convicted of misdemeanors to the New York City Reforma.
tory oF tho Now York City Penitenisy. The Commision would
subatitte legislation permitting « maximum sentence of only one
Yeat for misdemeanants with a subsequent 2year parole supervision
Period. This would bring about an equalization of the imax
Sentence allowed n the City of New York and int other counties
Ofte Sut or ats convicted of « misdneanor it would ie
wise restrict commitments tothe New York City Reformatory for
period not to exceed one year. us iad
“The Parole Commission, on the other hand, feals strongly that 7A,
which has been in existence for 49 years should remain fatat.
“6
As a result of a great deal of study and effort on our part, we
prepared an alternative proposal whichis « compromise betweon
Esc'two divergent points of view, and alio maker meaningful re
visions in existing 7A while maintaining a numberof ts good fex-
Toren,
‘Our propotal is to maintain the existing setion of Section 7A
which slows for the sentencing of juveniles 16 to.21 yeas of age
to the City Reformatory fora period not to exceed four years It
‘would also allow for the use of the existing statute for those ind
Vighals convicted of a Class D or felony. Proposals of the Tem-
Porary Commission allow for the commitment of young offenders
12 to 2 years of ago, convicted of a misdemeanor or folony, to tie
State Reformatory at Elmira for four years. Our proposal would
allow the courts the alternative of either committing to the Stato
Reformatory or the City Reformatory. In tho instance of the Class
Dor E felony, both of these offenses carry in the proposed draft a
more years, we would be allowing for the com-
to a State institution or to the City Penitentiary.
Several other areas in the Proposed Penal Law are of interest to
the Assocation, Among these isa proposal nat to allow good tine
‘against the minimum sentence, This proposal, we feel, takes
away the incentive of an individual to improve himself throu
alge work and god avis in he inition, We fel tat the
jood-time credits should be applied to the minimum as well as to
the maximum sentence. The Association also believes that some of
the terminology used in the proposed law is ambiguous and mis
Tending, in need of clarifeation. An example of this the use of
the term “definite sentence parole.” We believe that the use of the
word “definite” is entirely misleading.
‘All fn all, we feel that the Temporary Commission thas done a
monumental job in thir proposal in si pig ‘and bringing order
to the Penal Law of the State and should be highly commended,
In addition to the Penal Law revision, the Commission began to
work on a revision of tho Code of Criminal Procedure, and the As-
sociation spent several hours with the Consultant to this Commis-
on on various proposals relating to parole, probation, and correc-
tion in the State.
MONROE COUNTY PENITENTIARY PROJECT
‘The initial phase of the Monroe County Penitentiary Project was
‘completed March 2, 1964 when the 154 page study of the Monroe
Gounty Penitentiary was formally presented to the Board of Super
visors of the County. This study, “The Man on the Periphery,
“
conducted by the Rochester Bureau of Municipal Research, isto our
Knowledge the fst detated analysis of every individual committed
to'a penlfentiary Ina yoar that has ever been ind. "Tho proposed
‘snd much of the study tacl, on which propenls were
Eised resulted from ‘The Correctional Assocation of Now York's
deep involvement with the Bureas of Monieipal Revearch as well as
withthe other public and private agencies inthe community. To a
‘ery great extont the Astociation wrote the Plan for Rebablitation
{ad ‘Hentment, tho perspective and research design now der com
$ideration by the National Institite of Mental Health
‘A tite was pid to The Correctional Association in the intzo-
<iction wich states
“Donald H. Goff, General Seretary of The
Correctional Assocation of New» York
igi national background of experience
and knowledge in the eld of correction and
‘elation that proved benoilal ia every
spect of the report”
Phase two, the implementation ofthe treatment program, has be-
gan. Specifcations for a rehabilitation destor drawn up by the
[Kssociaton are being processed through the Civil Service machinery
af the County, and the directors postion should be ready fr filing
‘vthin two months. Coupled withthe scteal rehabilitation programm
Je rescarch which wil evaluate its ffectivencs
The Assocation continued its active role in the Monroe County
Penitentiary Project when we inet with Dr, Cad) Anderson of the
National Tnsttote of Mental Health and Ds. Eail Huyck of the
Departinent of Health, Education and Welfare to review the pro:
rogram of placing the nomsecurty risk chronic aleoholes
E's faelty seperate from tho security penitentiary popelation and
instituting an intensive rehabiation program for the former group.
‘The eflecivencs of this program willbe evaluat by an independ
ent agency based om « tesearct design developed by The Correo.
tional Assocation of New York.
oth Dr. Anderion and Dr. Huyck were most onthuslartio over
‘the program and research design, ‘They Indicated their support to
4 request by Monroe County for a geant from the National lowtitate
Of Senta Health
ernment.
6
NEW YORK CITY DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTION—
C16 PROJECT
“The General Secretary met with the ‘rehabilitation and research
Jepartinent of Correction fo astst in develop-
fiuividunls cdumtted to the correctional Sestutlons of the City,
tnd to wle toe who would bese ot from rebate
forte” Such a. program should allow for concentration of ro-
{Sosonal at's neon spprosimatsly 1% of those committed -those
Sito have the geaton prngnois-rather Gan difse the eorts on
Those not showing a auch promise. ‘
‘fshould be recognized that te evaluation mado ofall invid-
vals statenced wil of necessity be extremely superia, but should
prove efluive in iolating those sith gros payehopathology and
Foe with the greatest prognoss from the nunofthesnil commit
ons tis xfenated hat ont of approximately 80 new commit
Tents secafved a day, four will fall into the Tattor category.
ONONDAGA PENITENTIARY
touting 0
wea
projecting pl
Eounny Saat Cov
Sen to noplace the existing locking devices in the penitentiary
feet entra have beet ade snging part 95000,
‘Pe cost of replacing the locking devices plus tho annual mainten
sees Uipeprcmeat coms have eased some concer to he ath
Cuts of Se Couns nd the psy of davelping » rare
Sina o tat propored in Monro Coonty is being considered by
fhe Director of Research of the Board of Supervisors
NEW YORK STATE IDENTIFICATION
AND INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM
pee
<item ee ot Lea pe
ner en Cove ey Ear ias
Jan one, Now Yo Sle iti es
Sree eres Be Pea eee er
6
tolligence System. Realizing that much controversy centers around
tho question of recording names in a central criminal identification
system of juveniles who get into dficulty, Mr. Goff proposed that
gonatleraton be even by the Sate Kentiaton and Intel gence
System to the incision of category of “dangerous juveniles.” While
adhering to the fundamental principle of not stigmatizing a young-
Stor with criminal identieation, the Ceneral Secretary pointed ost
2 should be available immediately,
igh central registration, on the few juveniles who might be
very serious immediate threat to the community, With Mr, Lumberd
tnd Me, Galati we explored the possibility of developing a defini
tion which would amply protect most juvenile offenders from being
stigmatized, yet would provide for the immediate “red ageing” of
the few delinquents with juvenile histories indicating them to be
dangerous, seriously disturbed, assaultive, psychiatric cass.
“The Special Assistant Counsel to the Governor for Law Enforce:
mont was most interested in our ideas. He further stated. that he
hha been using a number of statoments from our 1962 and 1963 An-
nual Reports in his reports and speeches.
UNIFORMITY OF DATA REGARDING
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
tnt Profesor of Foran Univesity, to The Correctional Assodla
tion of New York for advice and ooincl in proparing sucha unt
form reporting procedure.
“This Uniform procedae i to be used by the Division for Youth
obtain norton sont oven deagengy in he mtn
pallies seceving State fonds for the operation of their juvenio a
‘bureaus. : = Heals
Tr. Goff advised De. Tricor of several types of reporting forms
and systems, ono of which has boen developed by te Federal Bus
eau of Investigation fa zecent months and. another hay been
Aeveloped by the Institute of Delinquency Control in the Univer:
Siy of Peamylvania. Ia addition, the program Geveloped in the
State of New Jersey for seporting taldren in the Javente courts
which Mr Goff supervised prior fo his move t0 The Correctional
Assocation of New York, was given to Dr, Tricomt as guide
EMPIRE STATE HEALTH COUNCIL,
‘At the request of Senator George Motoalf, the General Secretary
a
acted as the discussion leader for the group concerned with correc-
tonal services at the Empire State Health Conference on Aleohol
{sm held in New York City during the latter part of May.
‘While the number of alcoholics in the county jails and peniten-
tiarios is estimated to be only 9% of the total alcoholics in the Stato,
they constitute well over 508 of the inmate population of these in-
stitutions for lesser offenders. Our long-range goal is to work for
the development of other procedures for handling the chronic police
court offender. But since the jails and penitentiaries of the State
presently handle these individuals, our intermediate goal is the
evelopment of more meaningful programs of rehabilitation for the
alcoholic within correctional settings.
It is interesting to note that our last previous personal contact
with Senator Metcalf was in Albany, when we appeared before the
Joint Committee on Health Insurance Plans, chaired by Senator
Metcalf, to present the Association's position on legislation to allow
for a civil certiBeation of aleoholics to facilities under the jurisdic
ton of the Department of Mental Hygiene.
GRAND JURY ASSOCIATION
‘The Grand Jury Association, desirous of aoquainting itself with
roposed
the provisions of the Pr ‘Penal Law, had its counsel meot with
Mr. Goff at the office of The Correctional Association of New York,
‘The Counsel, Mr. Manuel Robbins, and Mr, Goff discussed the many
[Fositive aspects of the Proposed Penal Law, as well as several modi=
fications the Correctional Association intended to propose. We were
pleased when Mr, Robbins asked that on certain items we advise
The Commission in our testimony that the Grand Jury Association
‘concurred. As a result of this meeting with Counsel of the Grand
Jury Association, additional support was obtained for the Associa
tion's position,
NEW YORK CITY ADMINISTRATOR
‘The Office of the City Administrator asked the Association to pro-
vide it with background material on the indeterminate sentence and
parole. We were also asked informally for the Association's view-
point on the proposals in tho Penal Law of the Temporary Commis-
Sion relating to the 3-year indeterminate sentence available to the
‘courts for misdemeanants in the City of New York.
‘We spent several hours with a representative from the City Ad~
ministrator’s Office reviewing the background of the indeterminate
sentence and parole, pointing out the role The Correctional Assoct-
ation played in 1915 in the passage of this legislation, which allows
8
cities of the first class to create parole commissions and a
year indeterminate sentence to the New York City Penitentiary
for misdemeanants who can be rehabilitated. We embasized
value of supervision after reloase from an institution and the desira-
bility and value of flexibility of sentencing,
“THE REPORTER”
Mr. Robert Gallagher, Copy Editor of “Fhe Reporter” consulted
with the General Secretary on the jl situation specifically asi o-
Inted Yo the programs and activites curried on is he vatious jal,
Me. Gallagher had become dismayed in visting some jlls, nating
the Jaleterious effects upon the fnmates being held in enforced
Kdleness with a lack of constructive programs.
Mr. Gallagher was desirous of doing more than simply pointing
out the weaknesses and bad aspects of the county js dnd was
{interested in delving more deeply into the extremely knoty problom
Of the socal values and Hestveness of shorttetm Inexetoraton
BILLY SANDS—CELLMATE OF CARYL CHESSMAN
During his short stay in New York City, when ho was involved in
several national television programs, Billy Sands, @ reformed. x
celimate of Caryl Chessman, met with Mr. Goff and Mz: MacCor-
sick pit this lovin sparse fo est some of his Hes
for penal a legal reform. It was his original intention to
that all sentences in felony eases be life sentences, wth parole de
pendent entirely on tho extent of titudinal modifcation of the
Individual during incarceration. He planned to propose that parole
commissions have available to them iot only the most knowledge.
fable psychiatric services, but also individual who themselves hid
reformed and who would be <ble to muke an assessment. as {0
Whether the prospective parole had reformed, Both Mr. MacCor-
Inick and Me Goff pointed out to Mr. Sands the dangers of such a
Proposal and soggetted instead tat Mr Sands emplastze toe fact
that hardened offenders can ebange ad that his Billy Sands) per
sonal example would do much to encourage more Work with sp-
called hardened offenders.
AWARD TO E. R. CASS CAMP
Tate erg peo re
en ices oe
Bi Sot e tee st ecn Siang
pablo peta la
9
proving many-ireas of State-owned recreational land,
‘Mr, Cass, member of the Executive Committeo and
Secretary of the Correctional Association of New York for 40 years
Dtlor to his retirement in 1062, n whose honor th camp was named,
Hated at the presentation, “The belief, coniidence, and hopes T
thave had in those of today’s youth who need moral training. and
character building, not harsh punishment, bas been justied
today.”
ANNUAL REPORT
‘On January 30, 1964, the 119th Annual Report of the Association
for the year 1963 and our Recommendations to the 1964 Legislature
were formally presented to both the Senate and the Assembly. ‘This
year's report, somewhat smaller in size than provious years, con-
tains, n addition to tirteen Recommendations and a Getallod report
Of the activities of tho Association, statowide, national, and Ser
national, an overview of correction in the United States prepared
by the Association for the Council of State Governments.
‘TESTIMONY BEFORE SENATE COMMITTEE
Working in concert with the State Bar Association, the National
Council on Alcoholism, and the Governor's Covneil on Alcoholism,
the General Secretary testified before the Joint Committee on
Health Insuranco Plans on Senato Intro, 841, Senate Intro, 888, and
4 joint resolution regarding alcoholism, Our interest in this legisla-
tion focused on the chronie police court alcoholic who is generally,
ropoatedly committed to local jails and is, in effect, “serving a life
sentence on the installment plan,
Senate Intzo, $88 included a procedure proposed by the Associa
tion to allow for the civil certifcation of alcoholios and their com-
mitment to facilitios under the jurisdiction of the Department of
‘Mental Hygiene. We were most pleased that our point of view was
warmly received not only by the Joint Committee, but also news-
of Mental Hygiene, without which theso programs cou
operated, the possibility of their being passed this legislative session
was dim, We continue, however, the press for pastage.
(COLUMBIA-PRESBYTERIAN HOSPITAL
Tho Director of Social Services of the Columbia-Presbyterian
Hospital contacted the Association and asked if it would be pos-
50
sible for two medical students to visit and Jearn more of the work
Of The Correctional Association. As part of their modial traning,
the hospital instituted a program of having medical students visit
Selected agoncies in New Fork City so that they ight have a beter
Understanding of the background of some of their patients. Since
XT humber of patents in the hospital have relatives in correctional
lnsttutions, twas felt desirable thatthe werk of The Correctional
Associaton Become more known to tho medical students. ‘The two
young students who spent an afferaoon with Mr. Goff and. Mrs.
Kovejoy were to report to their class on the direct service functions
Of The Correctional Asociation. They were most fascinated with
the work of the Family Service Burts and somewhat appalled st
the very heavy and complicated lives most of the clients of the
Family Service Bureau were leading. We feel that the time was
well spent with these medical students.
ST. LAWRENCE INSTITUTE-CANTON, NEW YORK
‘We were pleased to note that the Institute on Crime and Delin-
‘quency, held at St. Lawrence this year, had over 500 individuals in
altendance. Their eamesiness, concern, and interest in selfimprov
‘ment should he commended, Dean Romoda, because of his pioneer-
ing work ia this Bed, received the recognition he deserves. {nada
tion to Mr, Cass, who has boen fathfl in his attendance over the
years Profesor Curtis, Dr. Braneate, Dr, Shalloo were on he sta
GRAND JURY ASSOCIATIONS OF NEW YORK
Joining with representatives of the five Grand Jury Associations
of the Boroughs of New York City, the Correctional Association,
represented by Mrs. Ballantine, Chairman of the Committee on
Detention, will study and review a number of aspects of the han-
dling of lesser offenders in New York City related to the record
hhigh populations the institutions of the City Department of Correc-
tion have been forced to handle. The tremendous number of in-
dividuals being held in the detention and sentence institutions of
the City has created marked overcrowding. A few weeks ago, the
‘Tombs was forced to have three men to a cell with the third person
sleeping on the concrete floor.
‘Ata preliminary meeting with Mr. Gordon E. Hyde, President of
the Grand Jury Association of New York County, Mr. ‘Goff pointed
oat @ number of the complicated legal and financial problems in-
volved. We were most pleased that the President of the Grand Jury
Association did not believe that the solution to the present over-
‘crowded situation rests entiroly upon new construction. ‘The inter-
SL
relationships of the states, jdicial practices, probation usage,
Parole Commision, and the dovmgrting of obentos were ds,
cased, and the importance of reogsizing the effet of tis iter
Felationship om the population of tae City Department of Cores:
Son's istifations was greet upon
"Tis preliminary meeting with Mz Hyde woud lead ws to believe
that the Grand Jory Associations ave lateested ina serous sualy
and examinatiog, and not in snap solutions to.a dict, involved
problem
‘THE FIRST TWENTY YEARS OF THE CORRECTIONAL,
ASSOCIATION 1844-1864
For his doctoral dissertation, Michael Hale, an Oxford student
from England on a one-year fellowship at Columbia University, is
‘examining the first twenty years of the Prison Ass of New
York. Mr. Heale spent several weeks in the offices of the Associa
tion studying copies of the original minutes of the meetings. He had
previously reviewed the Annual Reports of the Association which
‘he obtained in England. Mr. Heale's hypothesis is that the founders
of the then Prison Association were basleally motivated by a desire
for social reform in the administration of justice, and were not solely.
interested in providing direct assistance to people in need, We were
informed that this particular era in the social history of the United.
States is generally looked upon by historians as a period of great
‘concern for individual, downtrodden, and unfortunate peoplenot
aan interest in the conditions which caused the suffering of people.
‘The Association looks forward with a great deal of interest in
receiving a copy of Mr. Heale’s dissertation when it 1s completed
in approximately a year.
RADIO PROGRAM
Motivated by the publicity surrounding a rapemurder case
Barry Gray of WMCA contacted ‘The Coneotional Assolation and
proposed program on the processes and principles of parole, At
Me. Goff suggestion, Commissioner John Quinn, Ghaintan of the
New Youk Cty Parolo Commission, was also invited to participate
For approximately an hour, Commissioner Quinn and’ Mr Golf
dlsoussed. onthe show, the underlying principles of parcle ts
weakneed and suengs, Both Me. Golf and Me Quitnsresed
the desirability and need for supervising individuals during the
Teadjustment period after release from ‘correctional, fnstittions
‘Toward the end of the program, because of the reference by Com:
misslonor Quinn to the high percentage of narcotic adits belng
2
supervised by the City Parole Commission, and in response to ques.
ike vated by Barty Gray, May Gof presented the poston and
program developed by our Ad Hoe Committee on Narcotic Aadlic-
Tone emphasizing the Assodation’s concern for the. protection of
the community
Reactions to this dio program were most favorable.
RECEPTION AND CLASSIFICATION CENTER,
‘RIKERS ISLAND
‘The Astociation continues to work closely with the Director of
Operations and the Dircotor of Rehabilitation of the City Depart-
‘ment of Correction in the development of a plan for the operation
‘of the Reception and Classifiation Center, Rikers Island. This unit
‘will receive and classify all male inmates sentenced for over 30 days.
to the Department of Correction, except Family Court and Tratlie
Court cases. Tt will permit a much more thorough classification
practice than the present procedure. Coupled with this reception
find classification program for all inmates sentenced to over 30 days,
is 2 Special Study Project which will select 20 inmates per week;
for more intensive study and troatment, The criteria for admission
to this Special Study Project i
1. The individual comes from a relatively intact family
2. Has gainful employment history
3. Appears to be susceptble to the program
4. sof average intelligence
5, Has no serious pathological problems
6 Has no warrants against him
7. Has over 8 months to serve
‘The original plan called for a clasiation ofall male iamates
ina 34ay periol to which the Associaton took serious exception,
pointing out thatthe number of eases with the small staff would
oleh convert the process into 4 soutinied, non-evaluaive pro-
Gedure of Ite worth,
‘Under the ial proposal the amount of tine for an evaluation
has boon inceased to five days, which is much more resstic, With
the Special Stay group, amore intensive evaluation wil be made
involving a nomber of additional peychologlal tests and Sater
vows taking'a total of ten days
HONORARY DEGREE-MR. R. BRINKLEY SMITHERS
‘At the dedication of Smithers Hall at the Rutgers Center of
Alcohol Studies, attended by Mrs. Ballantine, Mz, Agnew, Dz. Mac-
53
Donald, and Mr, Goff of Tho Correctional Association of New York,
Mr. R.' Brinkley Smithers was awarded the honorary def
Doctor of Laws for his work as “a major architect in the develop-
‘ment of education and therapoutie services to bring understanding
and hope to this enormous, dark and guiltxidden area of public
health and social maladjustment (aleoholism)”,
‘Tho Correctional Association of New York was most pleased and
proud with this honor bestowed upon Mr. Smithers.
HAVENS RELIEF SOCIETY
‘As an almoner representing The Correctional Association of New
York, the General Secretary Was invited to attond the Annual Mect-
ing of the Board of Managers of the Havens Relief Society. ‘This
philanthropic organization has contributed to the work of the Cor-
rectional Association for many decades, selecting the General Seere-
tary a an almoner, Prior to Mr. Goff, Mr, Cass for forty years, and
bis predecessor, Dr. Lewis, had been almoners forthe Havens lek
aciety.
(GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE
OF marked interest to the members of the Association was the
emphasis Governor Rockefeller placed in his State of the State
message in 1964 upon the provention of crime and treatment of
offenders.
One section of his message sta
“There is need in this State for systematic improvement in
the administration of criminal justice if we are better to deal
with the widespread and deep seeded disease of erime.
“Each of the profesional disciplines—potice, prosccttors,
courts, probation, correction and parcle_beset ‘with liz own
{immediate concerns, now tends to\fmnction withovt adequate
relationship to the others. ‘The work of amy single agency can
be mest effective only if it relates, in Uhory and in practice,
to the common task.
“With this in isd: in a special message to your Honorable
Bodies in 1962, Tnoted that T had called upon the trusteot of
fhe State Univesity to stdy the feasbity of establishing a
School of criminal fustiee within the State University. Envision:
ed was a small fll time faculty of experts from relative dis-
ciples to addvess ise:
Ato the probleme of training administrators and those #9-
airing specialized Knowledgo, and,
B, to the need for searching inquires into crime causation,
3A
juvenile delinquency, law enforcement procedures, exim-
nal rehabilitation and judicial doctrine relating to eriminal
Tt should be noted that in our recommendations to the Legislature
for the past years we have proposed such a schoo! of eriminal justice
which became one of the principal points in Governor Rockefellers
‘program for the State this year, and that much of the impetus for
‘the present summer Institute held at St. Lawrence University, came
from the Correctional Association
CITIZENS CONFERENCE ON THE COURTS
On December Ist and 2nd, 1964, approximately 150 individuals
‘met in a Citizens Conference on the Courts sponsored by the Com-
mittee for Modern Courts and the Joint Committee for the Effective
‘Administration of Justice, focusing on judicial selection and tenure,
‘court organization, and court congestion. Approximately two-thirds
of the individuals in attendance were on-legally oriented, major
community leaders throughout the State. "The Correctional Associ
tion of New York was represented by Mr. Goff. The result of thi
two-day Conference was best summarized by the following con-
clusion presented by Mr. John J. McCloy, Chairman for the Com-
mittee for Moder Courts:
NEW YORK TODAY. The crisis in the courts of New York
demands immediate and sweeping changes in the administra-
tion of justice. While the citizens of this State can take just
fable pride in the improvements of the recent past, these gains
‘will be diluted or lost unless further steps are now taken to
‘complete the task so well begun.
SELECTION OF JUDGES. Election of judges should be abol-
shed. Judges shauld be freed from all political obligations
and removed from any political pressures.
‘A system should be devised and promptly adopted to appoint
all judges from carefully selected candidates with some means
‘of protecting the appointing authority from political and other
considerations, Such a system should be statowide, but if
initial action only can be taken promptly in a limited area or
specific courts, then this should be undertaken as 2 fst step,
‘The people will not rest until all of their judges are taken out
cof polities.
COURT ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION. The
sunification and consolidation of courts should be continued and
the existing Surrogates Courts and the Court of Claims should
s
bbe merged into the Suprome Court. The Distect Court system
Should be expanded info at many courts as feaublr ‘The Chil
and Criminal Courts of New York City should be merged into
2 single court. ‘The Family Couit should be continued. as
Onganized on a statewide basis, and jurtdition over adoption
of children should be removed from the Suizogate Court and
‘ested solely in the Family Court
‘Administrative controls should be strengthened throughout
the syrtem and additional power granted tothe administrative
judges. ‘The court budget should be organized on a single
Easiest basis under statewide administrative control
COURT CONGESTION AND DELAY. All posible devices
Should be explored and utilized wits particular emphasis on
those which wil bring about increased settlements of cases be-
fore tial and. with a minznim expenditure of fudieal time
Incressed administrative controls should be employed toward
that end. Continued study of possible changes ia Be procedural
tnd substantive la, parteulrly to expedite the tell of person-
al jury eases, should be carcied forward.
In addition to Mr, McCloy, the principal speakers were: The
Honorable Assoctate Juste Wiliam). eennan, Js. U.S. Supe
Court; Orison §.
tion; Harrison Tweed, Chai
‘on the Courts; General Edward 8, Greenbaum, Chairman, Citizens
Conference Committee; and the Honorable Frederick van Pelt
Bryan, Judge, District Court of the Southern District of New York
The purpose of the conference was to broaden the interest of such
organizations as the League of Women Voters, the Federation of
Women’s Clubs of New York, the City Club, and other citizens’
‘movements in the need for a revision in the judicial selection process
“an area which has been of great concern to The Correctional
Association for many years and which the Association has called to
the attention of the Legislature in its recommendations in the past.
‘TRINITY CHURCH
‘Tho General Secretary met withthe Reverend Canon Berard C.
Nowmnan, Vieas of Trinity Church, and Father Reed, Vie n charge
Of to missions of Trinity Church in the lower eat side at Canon
Newman's suggestion, o consider «project of intensive aftercare
fora highly selected group of exworkbowse inmates who are ex:
tremely vulnerable to difling into a skidvrow life on the Bowery.
‘The possibility of usiog the Individual presently the keystone for
56
‘he Wall Street AA group at Trinity Church for this project is being
considerc
JUVENILE TERM, FAMILY COURT VISITS
Members of the Ad Hoe Committee on Juvenile Offenders spent
morning in Juvenile Court attending delinquency hearings being
Sod by Judge fst Wie Pol od Judge Phalp Te
ton of the Juvenile Term of the Family Court, obtaining frst hand
information on the operation of this court in the City of New York
The Committee members also visited the temporary detention
areas of the children who were appearing before the court
‘The complexities and difficulties involved in handling youthful
offenders were readily obvious, as was the vory heavy work load of
the individval judges, Judge Thurston during the moming of the
visit handled about sity individual cases
“The Committee also had an opportunity to see frst hand the
‘operation of Law Guardians, a recently created position to protect
the constitutional rights of juveniles appearing before the courts.
The question of the Law Guardian position is ono which the Ad
Hoc Committee on Juvenile Offenders may be considering in the
fatore
MEETING WITH DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF PROBATION,
CRIMINAL COURT AND FAMILY COURT
OF NEW YORK CITY
Continuing to sock out first hand information on the handling
of juvenile offenders, members of the Ad Hoe Committee on J
venile Offenders met with Miss Marian M. Brennan, Deputy
Director of Probation for the City of New York. Miss Brennan was
‘most forthright with the members of tho Committee fi
to questions raised about the intake procedure of the Juvenile Court.
As to specific questions asked about the confidential nature of ju
venile court records, Miss Brennan stated that information on
javeniles who had been before the Family Court was available to
any other member of the judiciary upon request, and that some of
the statements in the newspaper articles on a muich publicized caso
contained factual errors,
MEETING WITH COUNSEL OF THE
JUDICIAL CONFERENCE,
Mr. Schulte and Mz. Goff, representing the Ad Hoc Committee
‘on the Juvenile Offender, met with Mr. Lawrence Marcus, Counsel
of the judicial Conference, to explore with him the reaction of the
3r
Judicial Conference to the posility of developing a “dangerous
fuvenfeeatogory” which might he facluded inthe Satos Cota
Haeatiaton and Intelligence Systm, Me. Mareus sated that tie
Judicial Conference was working on a procedure to speedup the
transmission of information amolig the Yarouy courts 5 tho Sate
He pointed out further tht the present state on juvenile dein:
auenoy bitorig is ambiguous
‘Ona general “dangeronsfovenle” category which would provide
information t0 the Stace Wontiteaton and inelience System,
Mr. Mareis expressed the belie that th systom being developed
by’ the courts could dovetail with tht beng” dovaleped in the
Governors Ofc,
COLUMBIA BROADCASTING SYSTEM
‘The local CBS TV affiliate in New York City, at the suggestion
of Senator Metcalf's Committee on Joint Health Insurance Plans,
asked the Association for background material on narcotic addieti
‘together with the Correctional Assocfation’s Position Paper on
topic. CBS is contemplating a program on narcotic addiction and
hhad contacted Senator Metealf's Committee in an effort to obtain
Imowledgeable people who could provide them with objective,
factual background information, We gave them our testimony be-
fore the Metcalf Committee, the Position Paper of the Association,
the Background Paper on Nareotie Addiction prepared for the Na-
tional Council of Churches, and several copies of the Annual Report
‘of the Association which the network specifically requested.
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY STUDENT
A jonoe highschool teacher in «parochial school on the lower
car file, working pert tne om an sim preparation
for a paper to be presented at's Colombia University course in
Criminology being taught by Dr. McCarthy, formerly of the Mal
ization for Youth, spent several hours inthe brary of the Cor:
rection Association and with the Ceneral Secretary on the philos-
Spl of aston an varios stermatvs to the a f makin
Security prison. As isthe cate of many young students study
the field this indvideal tended to overinpliy the handling of
‘offenders. His primary concer focused on the development of te
Conservation-corecion camps without rogar to the overall pictre
of dispositions avaflable to the courts and for the three reasons
for the administration of jstice, namely, deterance, containment
and sehebiltaton
“The young student became so interested inthe problem that he
58
offered to work for the Association in order to obtain a more bal-
lanced point of view.
‘Members of the Committee on Detention met with representa
tives of the Grand Jury Association of the City of New York in
Commissioner Kross’ offico. Commissioner Kross had requested the
Grand Jury Association and ‘The Correctional Association of New
York to combine in an Ad Hoc Committee to examine into the over-
crowding in the institutions of the Department of Correction.
‘Mrs. Ballantine reported that Commissioner Kross had asked The
Correctional Association to act as the hub for this Ad Hoc Com-
vas the consensus that The Correctional Association of
New York should work together with the other members of this
‘committee and the Detention Committee was authorized to give
assistance but not to assume the leadership role
‘TESTIMONY AT JOINT COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
INSURANCE, PLANS-NARCOTIC ADDICTION
The Correctional Association of New York was asked to testify
at hearings of the Joint Committeo on Health Insurance Plans under
the chairnanship of Senator Metcalf, Testimony was sought on:
1. “An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Metea-Volker
ation allowing for alternative, handling of nareotlc
adates, and,
@ goneral problem of narcotic addiction and programs
lnected towards its amelioration
Using data from the New York City Department of Comection
and the New York City Parole Commission, information obtained
fs a result of the vist of member: of the Nareotl Committee to
the Tombs aswel as te Commie’ Sueueion with adits whe
fad gone tough civil commitment proceedings in Uhe past,
the Postion Paper ofthe Associaton, Mr- Goff appeared on bebalf
of the organization before this Committe.
ARTICLE IN NEW YORK TIME
Of major interest to the New York Times was one of our recom-
mendations to tho 1004 Legislature urging a Wodk-Purlough Plan
for selected individuals committed for offenses.
“The article stated in part
[A proposal that some perons jailed for minor
offenses be allowed to keep up their outside
Job-returning to fall only in the evenings and
fn weekends-has been trged by The Corres-
58
‘tional Association of New York.
This privately supported group acted under
an 1846 law which requires it to make annual
recommendations to the Legislature, Its pro-
posal would apply the Work Furlough Plan to
selected cases among the 40,000 persons com-
mitted annually in the city and upstate for terms
‘up to one year.
JUVENILE OFFENDERS
As a result of a sensational rape-murder case, the Association
received a number of calls both from individuals and mass media
on the question of the confidentiality of the records of juvenile
delinquents. ‘This particular caso also raisod a number of other
questiong relating to the Family Court Law and procedure. An Ad
Hoc Committee on Juvenile Offenders of The Correctional Associa
tion of New York was created to consider among others such items
1. Should a list of javeniles who have committed “dangerous
acts” be maintained and be presented to the court when a
16-21 year old is being considered for bail for an offense?
Should the press be permitted to sit in on juvenile court
rocoedings and be allowed to publicize cases without dis-
Closing the name of the
3. Should the newly created “Law Guardian” position be re-
examined?
Members of the Committee attended delinguoney hearings in
the Juvenile Term of the Family Court of the City of New York;
‘met with the Deputy Director of Prohation of tho City of New York
in charge of juvenile matters and met with the Counsel of the
Judicial Conference,
WNBC PROGRAM ON PROPOSED PENAL LAW
At the suggestion of Mr. Schulte, Mr. Gary Stradling, Producer
of a Public Affairs Program for WNBC asked the Association for
assistance in setting up a panel on the Proposed Penal Law with
particular emphasis upon the supporting position taken by the
Association of the Bar of the City of New York and the Episcopal
Church as they relate to the deletion of the homosexual behavior
between consulting competent adults and adultery from the new
Criminal Law. In addition, this Public Affairs Program was desirous
of a discussion of the various insanity defense criteri
60
Sins the Assocation had not taken oto on ay of he seve
fasuen the Goneral Secretary wat Unablo to speak for the Associ
tion but wes prevailed upon by Mr. Stadling to appear asa private
Citizen on a panel together with Commission Chatman Assembly-
Stan Barlot and Nie Jacob Fuchsberg, Immediate Fast President
Of the American “ial Lawyers Assouton
Mr. Goff supported the Commissions propossls on all three of
thee’ ingnes wile Mr, Fuchsborg exprestd. tho opinion that the
Commission had not gone far enough in any of these areas, angung
{a particfar in favor of tho “nestle impulse” extera brought
bad into the publics eye as a result of the Dutham Decision in
O54, Me, Goff took the potion favoring the American Taw Tnst
futch entra which had been, Grafted. principally by the Chief
orter of the Amecican Lavr Lastitue, Professor Herbert Wechs
Ter Profesor Wechsler was alto the draftsman of this pacar
tection of the New York Proposed Penal Law. The twvo, one-half
four programs de not allow for an in-depth analysis of these topics
“fa Brent cifring pointe of view with rogard tothe iasanity
itera
‘Ar result ofthis program the producer asked Mr. Goff to develop
a panel of Knowledgeable people In the Bold of narcotic addiction
which he is consiring for future broadcast
NATIONAL
A PILOT COURSE, FOR POLICE TRAINING OFFICERS —
‘THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF CHIEFS OF POLICE
‘The International Association of Chiefs of Police, which received
f grant from the President's Committee on Juvenile Delinquency
fand Youth Crime, requested assistance from The Correctional Asso-
‘lation of New York in developing the course content for a pilot
‘course for police training officers so that they might train their men
fn handling juvenile offenders intelligently and constructively. The
purpose of the project was to assist police training officers in pre-
Paring tiuining ‘courses for recruit schools, in-service training, ju-
Yenile aid bureau specialist schools, command level and super
visory courses.
Further, itis to broaden the horizon of law enforcement person-
nel, giving them a better understanding of the behavior scfences.
‘Specifically, the Association was asked to aid in setting up the
6
pilot training program, a residential course to be considered at an
astern state university.
The International Association of Chiefs of Police indicated the
desire to consider Rutgers University in Now Brunswick, New Jersoy
as tho locale of this pilot course, prineipally beeause of its central
location. The General Secretary and Special Projects Director of
the International Association of Chiefs of Police met with the Dean
of University College, Rutgers University, presented the project
Dut becauso the facilities were not available for the time scheduled,
it was nocessary to consider other colleges.
Through contact with the Chief of Police in Easton, arrangements
were made to hold the training program at Lafayette College.
During the two weeks course, which was attended by training
officers representing most eastern states, the General Socretary
served as a faculty member focusing principally on a relationship
of police with the correctional process.
CONSULTATION-FIVE NATIONAL WOMEN'S
ORGANIZATIONS:
Because of the mistreatment female demonstrators in the Civil
Rights Movement had recoivod in the jails and lockups of certain
areas in the South, five national women's organizations—the Na-
tional Board of the Y.W.GA., the National Council of Catholic
Women, the National Council of Jewish Women, the National
Council of Negro Women and the United Church Women—joined
together to study the situation and develop an action program to
stop the mistroatinent of these female Givil Rights demonstrators
“Fhose national organizations approached The Correctional Asso-
ciation of New York secking counsel and information on the opers-
tion of correctional institutions and help in setting up a eoasultation
of the representatives of these organizations in Atlanta, Georgia,
‘The General Secretary drew up a series of questions to be answer-
ed by the women on the operation of their local lockups and fal
‘The questions were designed primarily to bring to light fundamental
inadequacies in procedures and facilities
‘As a basis for comparison, tho General Secretary as the principal
speaker on the program at Adanta, Georgia, presented proper cor
rectional practices and procedures. ‘This was also. given to the
Participants in mimeographed form.
“The: General. Secretary was accompanied by Mr. Norman. Am-
smaker, Counsel for the Education and Legal Fund of the NAACP
‘who answered questions on the constitutionality of certain practices
being caried on by the police and sherifs in certain cities and
counties as thoy related to incarceration.
@
‘T.A.P-NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
‘The Correctional Association of New York together with the
New York State Department of Metal Hygiene, the New York
Sate Department of Correction, the New York State Commission of
Garrecion, and the National lasitite of Mental Lath co-spon-
Sirol 2 theceday Technical Assistance Program on “Priorities in
Developing Sorices for the Alesbolic Oftender” This conference,
{ton by appsimately 0 seloted individuals representing the
Sours, aw etforcement, mental hygiene, public healt, andthe
‘Srrctional instotions of the Slate, hadi goncas in the offs
of the Aswclation when the then Director of the Division of Aleo-
foliom spent a morning withthe General Secretary discussing the
Interest fu alcoholism among people im correction. Tt was pointed
fut that correctional people had long kaown the futility of atempt
fig to “punish awaye the alcoholic Tt Js estiatod that over £0
pe ezat of the population of the jas not only in New York but
Frroughont the auton consists of individuals with whom alcohol i
ts problem and who receive repented commitments to no aval
conference committee constting of The Division of Aleolism,
‘The Comectiontl Association of New York, United States Depart
thent of Health, Education and Welfare, New York Stale Depart.
tment of Conection, the State Commission of Correction, the Bureau
oF Munisipal Research and the Stato Department of Social Welfare
tras set upto organize this statewide conference
"A the Conference The Correctional Axsciation of Now York was
wall zeprsented, Me, Cass keynoted the Conference with an open
Ing adres on “the Alcoholic Offender—A Major Social Problem
for the State and Nation, Mr, Goff summarized and presented the
{Showing recommendations of the Conference atthe final seston.
‘Astrong basic rehabiltaton program should be earied on in
Alias nd pententaries lich would include:
Medal diagnosis and comective treatment
Constructive work combined with vocational traning
Remedial education
Religious guidance
Physical ness and recreation
‘Algobolics Anonymous program
Personal and group couuseling therapy
Cnty cea of pone
Follow-up of selected prisoners
‘The Department of Mental Hygiene, and the Department of
Gorrecton should lend their support to an experimental re-
ffonal project on the handling of the. chronle police court
6
cffender. Such a program should be flexible and gested
toward experimentation. It should ave but within it the
neceaaty Feseurch to detertine the soos or Elle of var
tus expects of the program,
A legislative program cognizant of the dangers of infrng
Spon the civil Uberbis of citizens of the State, Specific ogi
Intion propored inchudod:
(@) "A workfurlogh statute to allow for the daily release
‘of individuals" committed toa county correctional
facility.
() A parole procedure for individuals released fom
county comectional institutions
‘The enictment of Senate Intro. 86 to allow for the
civil corieation of alcobolics to facilities under the
ontrol of the Department of Mental Hygiene
LA greater coordination of the exiting facilities and agencies
rstently treating the alcoho offer bz
‘The development of special programs on all levels of the
adinnistration of josie for bsndling the alcoholics anging
irom the polo ong the curs A Dokl on sali
propared for distribution by the Judicial Conference om the
Eratimont ofthe aleaholic who appears in court was strongly
proposed,
OF great interest to those in atendance was the work being done
sn Monroo County (particularly the study "Man on the Periphery)
and the program developed by the Police Department in the City
of Syracuse, ‘The latter program is the direct result ofthe condemn.
ation by Mr. Cass in 1B48 of «procedure in which the poll in
Syracuso were holding individuals for « number of days without
straigament. A night inspection ofthe detention facilities at police
headquarters in Syracuse in October of 1948, revealed a “Yorgotten
santn ne ofthe cll He was a ink, aod ma, Botan
nda typical drifter but stil's human being and was being legal
detained, held in fith and oversight, The conditions under which
he was suffering were unpardonable and sn item shat Bgured in
the mayoralty election campaign, helping to defeat the incumbent
Growisig out ofthis condemnation and Tevelation was the present
police program for handling alcoholics which appears to have great
Inert
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES
‘The Correctional Association has been instramental in reviving
4
the interest of the National Council of Churches in the offender
and correction.
Initially the National Couneil of Churches was active in the area
of institutional chaplaincies and in the 1990s was instrumental in
‘organizing the present Federal Bureau of Prison Chaplains’ Service.
Daring this same period the National Council af Churches was the
prime moving force in developing clinical training programs for
clergy who served in correctional institutions, mental hospitals and
general hospitals. During the past 30 years, interest in the area of
Grime, delinguency and correction waned on the part of hat na-
tional’ body. The Correctional Association of New York has be
most active in reviving this interest.
‘As Chairman of the Committee on the Offender of the Depart
ment of Ministry, Education and Pastoral Services of the National
Council of Churches, Mr. Golf has created two sub-committees
which aro actively working on two specific projects. ‘The first is a
‘ational consultation planned for May of 1965 at Lansing, Michigan
fon “The Pastoral Cato Function of the Congregation to the Of-
fender and His Family". Approximately 100 church leaders from
the various denominations of the Protestant churches in the United
States will attend. The principal purpose of this consultation is to
delineate the needs of probationers, institutionalize offenders,
parolees, and other releases, as well as the existing penal and cor
reetional institutions and to determine what the eburches are doing
and can do to meet the problems. Participation will be limited to
the national denominational social welfare and social action di-
rectors, editors of national denominational publications, seminary
professors, regional denomination representatives, together with a
Selected group of perions knowledgeable in the fleld of correction,
‘A second sub-committee is preparing material for denominational
‘usage on narcotic addiction and the churches role.
‘Already some positive constructive results have been seen in the
short time the committees have existed. The National Board of
‘Methodist Church has selected delinquency and correction as its
‘major social action topie for th years 1966 and 1967.. This fs most
encouraging When one realizes that the Methodist Church is the
largest singlo Protestant denomination in the United States with a
‘membership of over 12 million people,
‘The Committeo on the Offender consists of, among others, Myzl
Alexander, Director, Federal Bureau of Prisons; Reverend Earl-
Clayton Grandstaff, Former President of the American Chaplains
Association; Dr. Dale White, Director of Social Health of the
Methodist Church, Washington, D. C.; Dr. Henry Casler, Director,
Chaplaincy Services for the National Bourd of Lutheran Welfare,
65
former Chief Chaplain of the United States Bureau of Prion,
Mr, Edmond Goerke aad Mr. G. Richard Bacon Teprestatng the
Society of Friend: and Commissioner Hebets P, Wein ness
Assit General Secretary of the Pron Ausocaion Sac,
mnember ofthe Parole Commo, tte of New hak!
SYNANON FOUNDER
‘The principal effort in the
would apply in the “city”
tie community” similar to
Jones in England a few
Me. Dede’ interest im meting with Dr. ll and The Cor
rectional Association was to ota P
in Support in having publie Funds
directed towards Synanon to develop sin a therapcuig connate
To date, Synanon has not been sucocsshl in obtaining such pubs
funds either from state governments or from the national govern
would b
‘THE PRESIDENT’S COMMITTEE ON
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY
en et pt es
Me, David A. Schule Jonnie of te fasta Geet
4 Co-hrman of Bde ginal Conerons ofthe Pret
iS ni ee poe eee
ot are ee
68
Committee which consists of 20 individuals including the Secretaries
of Army, Air Force, Health Education and Welfare, etc., and is
chaired by President Lyndon B. Johnson.
CENTRAL LABOR COUNCIL, AFL-CIO
“The Assocation was represented by Mr. Hany Friedman, ost
ployment Secretary at rehabilitation conference sponsored by
ne'New York Central Labor Council of the AFL-CIO on Labor
Rehabilitation. In Apel i car joint project was started
init a grant of approximately $250,000 from the United States
Vocational Rehabilitation Administration and. $148,000 from the
Cents Libor Council, AFL-CIO to undertake the rehabilitation of
the disabled worker to the extent that he may be placed in some
form of gainful ensployment.
"This ype of program in the past has emphasized the physcaly
handicapged antl physically distbled person and has not generally
rensldoeet a peon released Irom ‘prison as being “disabled
Whether or not this specie project will be of assistance in voca
onaly retabiltating individuals released from correctional instit
tions remal to be feen
RUTGERS UNIVERSITY CITATION
Tn April Rutgers University presented Me, Goff with a citation
for his work in tuning law enforcement and corretional personnel
tively engaged In the Seld. The fist serfs of courses at Suatgrs
Unvesty on exime and dekingveney for these individuals was
Hartel by Mr. Goft in 1956 and duzing the past eight years over
$90 indivdoais trom probation departments, police departments
rection inatttions dnd parole departments have been presented
erienes for tho succestal completion of ane oF mare of the four
ousses presented. esa enc .
“Tho Eniversity is now in the throes of developing a, separate
degree program under public administration in the field of the
asetoinfanin of justice and has asked the General Secretary for
Siuunce in Gniing a qualified person in either politica science
GPtocbology te administer the expanded program.
CONVOCATION=THE HON. THURGOOD MARSHALL,
“The General Scertary with Mr, Chambers and Ms. Isaacs of the
Esective Commitee attended the th Amiversary of tho NAACP
Lagel Defense and Educational Fund representing The Correctional
Kittin of New York. At this Convocation Judge Thargoot
‘Marshall was presented with an award for his outstanding work 0
or
‘the Civil Rights movement, An impressive array of jurists, academt-
s, Civil Rights leaders and public officials including Mayor
Wagner, Harrison Tweed, Samuel Rosenman, Herbert Brownell,
Dean Eugene V. Rostow, Roy Wilkins, James Farmer and Dr. Ralph
Bunche participated in the Convocation honoring Judge Marshall
Te should be noted that Judge Marshall was a guest speaker
at the Association some time ago.
DEPARTMENT OF MINISTRY AND PASTORAL SERVICES—
NATIONAL COUNCIL, OF CHURCHES,
‘As Chairman of the Committee on the Probationers, Paroles and
Ex Offenders, the General Secretary attended the semi-annual meet-
ing of the Department of Ministry and Pastoral Services of the Na-
tional Council of Churches.
‘The National Council of Churches has in the past tended not to
interest itself in such matters as drug addiction, alcoholism, and
‘emotionally disturbed children. It Js gradually recognizing a void in
fts operation and considering such topics. The Backgrotind Paper
prepared some time ago by the Association for the National Connell
fon narcotic addiction and the most recent indications of a willing
ness to consider the problems of homosexuality are but two exam-
ples of tho shift that is oocur
(Of great interest to The Correctional Association is a development
of a pastoral counselling committee within the National Council of
Churches which, at an exploratory consultation will address itself to
the question: “What is the responsibility of the National Counell and
cooperating denominations for tho emerging concerns in the area of
pastoral counselling and the standards for counselling centers and
‘mon who serve the specialized ministry for counselling?” Such mat-
ters as the role of the chaplain in institutions for emotionally dis-
turbed children and for delinquent children has already moved to
the stage of developing a suggested job description for the Protes-
tant chaplain in institutions for emotionally disturbed and delin-
quent children.
COMMITTEE ON THE PREVENTION AND
‘TREATMENT OF JUVENILE, DELINQUENCY —
‘THE, AMERICAN CORRECTIONAI, ASSOCIATION
‘As Chairman of the Program Committee on the Prevention and
Treatment of Juvenile Delinquency of The American Correctional
Association, tho General Seeretary met with the Program Committoo
of The American Correctional Association to develop the O4th An-
ual Congress of Correction held in Kansas City, Missouri. As its
6s
part in this anmoal national gathering of both professional and lay
people interested in the problems of crime ad delingueney, the
Gormitee on the Prevestion and Testent of juvenile Belin
rieney sponsored sic separate sesions which encompassed tho total
Supect of juvenile misconduct from the early identieation of de-
Iingueney prone youngsters through the vole of the police fm juve.
nile delinquency (his session involving the Interational Assocation
Of Chiefs of Police), to residential faites of tho treatment of do-
linguont youth Since 1956, when the General Socretary was respon.
sible forthe delinquency prevention and treatment program of the
State of New Jersey, he has represented the Commitee on the Pre-
vention and Treatment of Juvenile Delinquency of The American
Correctional Association a the Annual Congreses.
MID-WINTER BOARD MEETINGS
‘As a member of the Board, the General Secretary attended the
Board Meeting of the Correctional Service Federation, U.S.A., the
International Prisorners Aid Association and ‘The American Correc:
tional Association, all held in New York City during the week of
February 10th, The 2nd organization, the IPAA has applied for
membership as a non-governmental organization with the United
Nations and correspondence fram the NGO section of the United
Nations indicates that the Secretariat will support the petition of
the Intemational Prisoners Aid Association in the Social and Eeo-
nomic Counell.
AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL CHAPLAINS ASSOCIATION
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES:
‘As the Chairman ofthe Committee on Probationes, Parolos and
ExOfeners of tho National Counell of Churches, the, General
Secretary met with the Executive Director of tho National Council
Of Churches and the President ofthe Amesian Comectional Chap
Ising Associations to seek ways the National Comnel of Churches
can support the many chaplains ia the corectiona. institutions
fhroughout the United States who find themselves ‘isolated. from
thelr own parent religious body. While the chaplains of some cor
reetional tnstttions have een relieved from many ancillary take
ich es conducting reeestion,caintaining the library, and seting
fa socal worker, na number of states they are sill burdened
own with administrative and ancy tasks which prevent tern
from functioning in ther tre role to the greatest extent
‘Mr, James V. Bensett, Disctorof the Fetral Bureau of Pesos
in his progress report stated “The Chaplain s potent and inflven-
Cy
tial force in the rehabilitation of inmates, and above all other per-
sons he should be freed as much as possible from those tasks that
rob hia of the time he might otherwise be spending with inmates.”
In strengthening the chaplains relationship with their own de-
nomination or faith group, we feel that they will be supported in
elforts to be truly the spiritual leader of inmates.
‘94th ANNUAL CONGRESS OF CORRECTION
ontinung to maintain close contact with the national body, the
General Secretary attended the Odth Annual Congress of Com
of The American Comectional Assocation held in Kansas City
This annual forum which brings fogether over 1,000 administers
and professionals In the Bld of conection founded in 1870 by The
Coneetional Association of New York, was until 1002 admisist.
tively interrelated with The Correctional Associaton of Now York
‘As Program Chairman for the Committee on the Prevention and
“Treatment of Juvenile Delingueney of The American Correctional
Assocation, Mr. Goff organized three separate programs for the
Congress focusing on the Police Role i Juvenile, Delinquency,
Governor's Committees for Children and Youth and Research on
Pre-Delingueney Youth.
Because. of the liaison established with the International As-
sociation of Chefs of Police through the Committee on the Preven-
tion and Treatment of Fovenle Delinuency of Tne American Cor.
reetional Association, de Committe on the Alcoholic Ofender of
‘The Correctional Assocation of New York has beon able ty jtntly
undertake with the International Association of Chiefs of Police
2'Handbook on ATesholism forthe police inthe United States
MODEL ACT FOR STATE CORRECTIONAL SERVICES
‘The General Secretary and Mr. Cass, members of a small drafting
committee on a Model Act for State Correctional Services ‘being
prepared by The American Correctional Association and the Na-
‘onal Couneil on Crime and Delinquency, met with the committee
for a day and a half on the final draft. his Model Act will serve
8s. guide to legislators and others interested in state departments
of correction. It atemps, through lgiatve language and depart
tnental argantzation, o present modern philosophy regarding the
treatment of offenders ingding all arpect of conection probation,
Davole, short-term institutions and institutions for serious offenders,
Ttis the result of the efforts over a three-year period ofa nowledge-
ablo group of individuals
co
WORK CAMPS FOR OUT-OF SCHOOL
OUT-OF-WORK YOUTH
In setting up the program for the work camps under the Anti
pouty Bil, Br Giger Krulee consulted with ‘The Correction
Beet of NewYork and spent several hours discussing job
‘AeeiRerions and functions of varons personnel postions in these
Bigpn De Klee came tT Correctional Awoiation ax «result
SERRE cataeins for Wark Camps for Youth in Trouble prepared
PEAS Atcolation for Che National Social Welfare Assembly n 1962
Py nestice, Professor at Northavester University, was appointed
BF ake Department of Health, Education and Welfare to pan and
Py etre the nomforesty aspect of the work camps created by the
Aatipoverty Bil
INTERNATIONAL
UNITED NATIONS CONGRESS ON THE PREVENTION OF
CRIME AND TREATMENT O1
‘STOCKHOLM, 1965
* OFFENDERS —
Subtheme A. Prevention in the pre-delinguent stage
Social change and the prevention of criminality
“The role of the public, the family, education and ocoupa
onal opportunity in the prevention of delinguency
Community preventive programs, including medical, social
‘and police services.
Subtheme B. Prevention of re
4, Measures to contzol criminogenic factors conducive to
recidivism, including especially detention pending trial and
Inequality in the administration of justice.
. Adult probation and other nom-institutional measures.
Special preventive and treatment measures for young adults
n
For the past 35 years The Correctional Association of New York
has been represented at each of the Quinquennial International
Congress. At the 1960 Congress, in addition to Mr. Cass, who
‘vas faithful in his attendance at all meetings from 1925 on, The
Correctional Association of Now York was represented by Mr,
David A. Schulte and Mas. John W. Ballantine. Mr. Golf was in
attendance at the 1960 London Conferonce as Chief of tho Bureau
‘of Correction of the Stato of New Jersey and also representing,
Rutgers University.
‘The Association has worked very elosely with the Social Defense
Section suy ‘material for the relovant documentation which is
transmitted to the participants well in advance of the meetings
which will be convened at Folkets Hus, Stockholm, August 9 to
18, 1965.
MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, COLUMBIA
At the roquest of the Social Defense Section of the United Na-
tions, Mr. Goff met with Major Bernardo Echeverro, Chief of the
Division of Penitentiaries, Ministry of Justice of Columbia, South
“America, Major Echeverzo was seeking information on training cor-
rectional personnel, Wo were pleased to provide Major Echeverro
with a copy of the Correction Oficers Training Guide edited by
Mr. Cass and Mr. Goff several years ago plus other training mate-
als. Major Echeverro upoa seeing our Annual report and other
documents prepared by the Association asked to be added to our
lst of forojgn correspondents and that we arrange a reciprocal ex-
change of data and information ae
‘Through the years ofits history, the Association has maintained
contacts throughout the world with innumerable individuals
Interests in the administration of justice. We presently correspond
‘with individuals in over 20 different countries ont of whic the
governments of 14 counties are represented.
As in the past, The Correctional Association is often asked by the
United Nations, our own Stato Department, the Federal Bureau of
Prisons and by governments of forejgn countries to mect with and
arrange progeams of Visitation for visitors, many oficial government
representatives from outside the United States who are interested
inverime and delinquency.
Am indication of the far roaching effects of the work of The Gor-
reetional Association of New York can be gleaned from correspond
tnee reccived from two opposite parts of the world in one week
One comes from the Secretary of Justice, New Zealand to whom we
hua sent, at his request, a copy of the Proposed Metealf Law in New
York State deating with the Alcoholic Offender, who stated: "We
nm
find in it useful hints for dealing with tho problem in this count
‘The second came from England where a member of The Inter-
departmental Committee on Drug Addiction is using our Position
Statement on Narcotics which he stated he found most helpful in
preparing his memorandum for the Interdepartmental Committee
on Drug Addiction,
FOREIGN VISITOR-FRANK FOSTER, DIRECTOR OF
BORSTAL AND YOUNG PRISONERS AFTERCARE,
UNITED KINGDOM
On his return trip to England from the University of Jamaica,
where he has been working on a conection project, Mr. Frank
Foster, Director of Borstal and Young Prisoners Aftercare, stopped
in New York to consult with The Correctional Association of New
York on the feasibility of applying the Glueck’s Prediction Tables
to juvenile delinquents in Jamaica. He was also interested in obtai
ing material on the training of correctional personnel. We were
able to have the Social Defense Section of the United Nations send
him a copy of a background paper dealing with taining prepared
for the 1985 Quinquennial Congress on Crime and Delinquency
of the United Nations, to be held in Stockholm, Sweden, We also
provided him with another copy of the Correction Officers Trainin;
Guide of The American Correctional Association which was edi
by Mr. Cass and Mr. Goff.
UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY LAW SCHOOL
Atthe request of Professor Kenneth Shatwell, Deaw ofthe Faculty
of Law, Sydney University Law School, Austmalia, the Association
prepared a program of visitation and meetings for Robert Roulston,
‘Assistant Dean of the Sydney University Lav School. ean Rouls-
ton visited this country as part of a trip around the world to obtain
information and ideas to set up an Institute of Criminology within
the Law School in Sydney, Australia.
‘Among other meetings arzanged for him, Mr. Roulston spent time
swith Commissioner John Quinn, Chairman, New York City Parole
Commission; Me. Milton Rector, Director, National Council on
Grime and Delinquency; Dr. Milton Helpern, New York City Chief
ical Examiner. He also visited the Division for Youth Home
OVERSEAS CORRESPONDENTS
Requests were received from three different countries overeas for
B
copies of our Annual Report. This isin addition to the 50 copies
routinely sent. One came from Western Australia from « court em,
ployee who stated he had seen a copy of our 1962 report snd wanted
Ono to study in greater detail. We are presently corresponding with
only four individuals in Australie, Dean Kenneth Shatwell of the
Law School, University of Sydaey, Ma John Marouy, Ministry of
Justice, Sir olin Barry, Justice of the Supreme Court of Melbourne,
Australia and Mr. A. Whatmore, Hkewise of the Australian govern:
tment and were quite surprised. at” this: request from ‘Western
Asal “ 7 ee we ee
‘The second individual asking for specie copics of past reports
was, Professor Manuel Lopez Rey, former Chef, Socal Delewe
Section of the Uated Nations, who is presently Consultant to the
government of Turkey on erate and delinquency. Ne Paul Coral,
Secretary Gener of th Minty f Justin of Belg wed
copies to complete his le. Both Mr, Corll end Me. Lopez Rey have
‘been known to the Correctional Association for aieande
Cass, during his tenure as General Secretary ol
‘worked intimately with Professor
xt a mumber of Intemational
snd Delinquency.
UNITED NATIONS-N.G.O, REPRESENTATIVE
The Specisl Committee on the Policies of Apartheid of the Gov-
cxament of the Republic of South Ain ofthe United Nations,
asked tho General Secretary in his capacity s an NGO. represen?
tative tothe United Nations tor "
“Exert all infience to induce the Government of South Africa
1. To refrain from executing the condemned pelitial prisoo-
fis and to spare th lives of persons threatendl with death
Penalty fm South Asia,
2. "To put an end to the tortures and the various humiliations
infleted on the opponents of Aparthetd in South At
8. To liberate the elites prisoners whose only eximo i thee
‘epposition to the South "Afsican” governmouts. poley Of
‘Apartheid; & Eo
4 To abandon its policy of Apart
the United Nations’ charter and the Uni
Human Right
which ts contrary to
sal Desamtion of
1a that it isthe poiey ofthe Howard League for Penal Reform fa
J) Eostand, which he Coit represents not to become involved with
“
political prisoners and since it has never been the policy of The
Correctional Association to be concemed with political prisoners as
such, Mr. Goff advised the Special Committes chaired by Diallo
Telli from Guinea accordingly.
FAREWELL PARTY FOR DR. FRANCO FERRACOTI—
SOCIAL AFFAIRS OFFICER, SOCIAL DEFENSE SECTION,
‘UNITED NATIONS
‘Through the kindness of Mr. David A. Schulte, Jr. a small cock:
tail party was held in honor of Dr. Franco Ferracti, who after an
‘8auonth period of service left the United Nations. In addition to
M. MeNeille from the United
Kingdom was socially acknowledged at this time. Among those in
attendance were Commissioner Anna Kross, a representative from
the British Consulate, a representative from the Italian Consulate,
a representative from the Federal Burean of Narootics, the District
‘Attorney's Office, representative from the Social Defense Section of
the United Nations, plus a number of members of the Executive
Committee of The Correctional Association of New York
Dr. Ferracuti expressed his deep appreciation to The Correctional
Association of New York for the work it was doing in the fiold of
crime prevention and correction and for the personal assistance it
had been to him and to the Social Defense Section of the United
Nations
UNITED KINGDOM VISITOR
‘The Association arranged a program of visitation and a series of
meetings for Mrs. P. M. MNeille, Honorary Secretary of the Mar.
gery Fry Memorial Fund in England. This organization is operating
a half-way house for women releases, Mrs. McNeille, a number
‘of years ago, organize educational programs in correctional
institutions of England and Wales. In recent years she has boon
most active in developing half-way houses for individuals released
from the prisons and borstals in the United Kingdom.
‘Arrangements were made for Mrs, MeNeille to visit Rikers Island,
the Division for Youth Home and to mest with the Social Defense
Unit of the United Nations,
ALFONS WAHL, MINISTERIALRAT—
DIRECTOR OF PROBATION, WEST GERMANY
Several months before his arrival in the United States, Mr. Alfons
Wahl, Director of Probation for the Federal Government af West
%
Cemany asked tho Assocation to setup a program of visitation for
Yim in the Now York area. Because of his nese In probation wel
Con,
eatment of Offenders of the Unit
Nations tobe held fn StocKholn in 1995, Of He United
EUROPEAN INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOLS
AND SCIENTIFIC SEMINAR “
[At the sequest of the International Bureau Against Alco
‘whose main afice isin Genova, Switzerland, the Gonezal Seecstiny
rene «paper on "Akbolon andthe Adalat of fst’
A the European Institte on Alecholism in London the ely pet
August Altolam ia mnjor day by day prion heh or
the administrators of local county jas a6 well ar the werton
convotion olfcers of the state nnd federal institutions Micka
spp fee a alo confronted daly withthe problem of
© aloobolis in their cae loa. Organizations specabeing
[problems of aleohoem haven te fast boon eae ne
to become involved in the azea of the aleohatc offender and ane
paticpation in this Conference ras an tempt te inenane the
Interest and help specialists in alcholism can provide on this co
rectional probletn. Copies of this paper wwerobirenated te ena
50 angantzations and government bevacier
Alt this same Institut, Mr. Beikley Smithers, Chairman of the
Commitee on the Alobolic Offender presented an exieanely ine
esting paper on alcoholism education which was estenety ell
teceived both by the partcpants and the pray The Gonezionl
Association is indeed Fortuante to have a fran as active cet oun
sch wide interests as Mr. Smithson ts eceutve Gaenice,
JOHN HOWARD SOCIETY OF ONTARIO
Mz, Ferdinand Bald, Superisor of Case Work Serves forthe
Join Howand Socety of Oltao ma tgahes ei NL Be ood
6
Mr. Harris, Senior Parole Olficer of the State Division of Parole on
the problems of aftercare of offenders. Mr. Ewald’s visit to New
‘York was motivated by the consideration now being given by the
John Howard Society of Ontario to setting up a half-way house for
released felons. As part of his New York trip, Mr. Ewald visited
Daytop Lodge, Staton Island, a probation residence for narcotic
addicts and the Springfeld College Pre-Release Guidance Center in
Brooklyn for Federal Bureau of Prison releasees,
UNITED KINGDOM MERTING-HOME OFFI
While in the United Kingdom at the Alcoholism Institute, Me.
Goff mot with the Law Buforcement Planning and Policy Unt
newly ctented section in the Home Office. While out forest in
tnecting with Chief Superintendent Cuttaoor, in charge ofthis wnt
Focused principally on narcoti addition our reactions toa member
of law enforcement pois
CANADIAN VISITOR-MR. A. M. KIRKPATRICK
Prior to visiting New York, Mr. Kirkpatrick, Director of the Jobn
Howard Society of Ontario, Canada asked for the Association to
arrange for him to meet with the Director and visit the Springfield
Pre-Release Guidance Center of the Federal Bureau of Prisons.
Mr, Kirkpatrick spent several hours in the offices of the Association,
discussing problems in areas of mutual interest.
DR. GEORG STURUP, DIRCETOR, THE INSTITUTION FOR
PSYCHOPATHIC OFFENDERS, HERSTADVESTER
(DENMARK)
(Dr. Ferracuti was on leave from the Tnstitute on Grime in Rome);
Mars. Nonny Wright, Counsel of Embassy, Permanent Mission of
Denmark to the United Nations; Mr. Lawrence Evans, British Con-
sul; Dr. Ralph Banay, former Psychiatrist, Sing Sing Prison; Com-
missioner Anna M, Kross, New York City Department of Correc-
7
tion and Assistant Dean Robert Roulston, Law School, Univers
of Sydney, Australia iiiaainis
the reception, Dr. Starup doseibod broly the psychiatsie basis
of the treatment in the Institution for Peychopatine Odenders (a
large percentage of whom are sex offender) and Dr. Banay, Coxe
misioner Kross and Dr. Ferracuti added to Ds. Starup® seams
THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION'S
DIRECT SERVICE ACTIVITIES
DIRECT SERVICES
‘An extremely impostant past ofthe work of The Correctional As
soclation of New York is is dirt aschtanco end sorvoet to the
famlies of mon facaroratod and to persons released from corre:
Uional institutions. The Family Serviob Bureau soos several hundred
‘women and even a greater number of eildren ia the course of =
Year, many of whom are confused and befuddled and someon the
Zor edge of complete despair. The innocent faniles and culdren
Of elfeaders are often subjected to extzemely severe and tying com
Shion ing help and Kindy anes nay cs
money for shoes, clathing and f
‘eleasees from correctional institutions often artive in our offce
frlepless, without work, a place to ve or any fonds. Wile some
Improvement has occurred which allows tome iomates ofthe New
York City Department of Corecton’sinstiations to ear mx
While incarcerated, many Individuals are released with 25 cons
In their pockets and jblets. Appronimatly half of the releasees we
Help are from institutions of the New York City Department of
Serie fund ded
7A siglficant portion of the Association's funds are expen
pein both material asihtance and counsel in the support and
gement of reformed olfenders after their release by afford:
Ing thea the means of obtaining an honest iveiiood and saitain-
ing then in thir efforts to sefori” and to ameliorate the desttion
to'which innocent families of offenders are often subjested while
the breadwinner is inearcorated.
FAMILY SERVICE BUREAU
“The offenders family basa special problem int lationship with
sociega problem vastiy Gifcrent fora owe fanulion wi are
Aprived of the father through sickness, death or divers. Over-
sili yale, the ate fon da ch nore sppaling
Siuatlon than the mere securing of physical necesrts of le. She
‘and the children must romain in the same neighborhood with rela-
tives and friends, and face society with a stigma on the family name.
As one mother explained: “It is not as hard on James as it is for us.
T know he is miserable away from his home and children but his
associates for the next few years are those who do not sit in judg-
‘ment on him, as they are as guilty as he, But what ean I do to save
(8)
efi
sy citron from he wuts of tht player? ow con Te
ay re om Boles deca
ie ene ype tt ae ey,
serait he lon ori a oto
see ions. ee
oan are Eeoge to deca do exp
ay oe ee en Oe
se inay were
See nie
Ss ee i ol fi ers
OE ere a ener’ avenoe by telling the children he i work
city also present difficulties. The
9 oo tn eye
ate ee oe
ite ee hosband
te ee
ar the family indicate
: ects in which, previous to his father’s
ee
son an opportunity to show how much he really remembered. yee
the mother opened the way for the boy to exj s Hime e
&
smother had forgotten, ‘The child went on to say that when he was
talled on to read, to recite, or to take an examination, all he could
think of was that night when the men came. and took his father
away in Indus. ‘the gon had never wanted to speak of this to
is mother. His mother wanted him to belive that his father was
il but he know that he was in prison, By talking this over with
his mother, the youngster was relloved of some ofthe amaeties and
fright associated with tis experience. As the tension and repressed
feelings were released hough « bettor relationship with the
smother there was « gradoal improvement in the boy's School work
tnd in bis eating and sleoping habit
Occasionally mothers on their frst vist to our Family Service
Bareaw are 30 tom emotionally by the events following their hus-
Dane's arrest and commitment that they cannot faco the reality of
the situation. ‘They are exerting every efor to forget their problem,
spending all their energy denying or hiding from themsalves the
Problem with which they are conftonted, Hoping by this means to
Exeape the suffering and guilt, they are unable to pian constructively
find deal with tho many problem which roquire their earnost and
houghtfol consideration.
Tecaser of this type often takes many counseling sessions with
cour Family Service Bureau worker before a relationship is establish-
fd which will lead the mother to a more reslistc approach to the
roblem.
Constructive steps can be taken only when the emotional cont
has lessoned and tme has partilly healed the wound.
“There is also the more independent type of mother, well abe to
faco facts and to plan for herself and the children. She is deter
ined not only to make the best adjustment possible for her family,
isnt seizes the opportnity to develop her own resources, Inthe
years of her marriage she has counted on her husband's earnings.
She fecls that she was leaning om a weak reed. She would lk to
get back into.employment where she had been successful before her
Imarviage. ‘She will become the bread winner for the family and
ttm her husband's tragedy into her triumph, Sho needs help in
Scetring retraining or employment, and in making arrangements for
the children’s care during her absence from the home. She needs to
provided with adequate clothing to apply fora job oF a paie of
lases tobe able to work. She needs eimergency fanial assistance.
‘There is also the family where the father before imprisonment
contributed litle fo the family. The husband, described by his wife
fr the selfsh type, always used his earnings for his own selBsh
imerests fest. fer he had purchased his clothes, his automobiles,
and taken cate of his own recreation and pleasute, the remainder
au
income goes to te home to be used for the care of the mother
2 "This woman feels that she and the sim lave
How she welcomes an opportuni
er hor fu,
‘She wil pe
eh eeeeerey
ey ed eck to te
SESS Sth iene one
te se pce
ey a oe ed fo el at ve tua
wee ene completely Lopeless and. that life stil has meaning.
Fecking so often ostracized, by her family and friends, he nds
ng fe rte ec ap emotions Here se can
sug i ona a ee aoe o Heth real station
span rely of sae Sn gest lcs 220 elp
Following te a ang Sympathy and under
tough ere ee iin Some eae compensa
sanding The lof bs aera conc tha gene whch
a are een
aoe depen tp ds encoragencnt ad hp twsrd
hemor independent Ba St ama extoph ito 4
the realization of Meroe with courage and determination remind
oth ile tapiess seni
od nia Se
iA they have found
"2 hing
oe
ore
aged oy oer
of Welfare allowances for herself
Beh he el wea tre cal
SE A a x Pony Seve
pace ina al yl el cscs
lero cc ay
* ssa tse me
%
presents for all the children with additional funds to provide a real
Christmas dinner.
So often the question is raised whether the Director of the Family
Service Bureau does not Snd the work with prisoner's families
depressing and futile. Tt is true that tho picture in the beginning is
dark and tragic, presenting as it does the failure of an individual
to live up to responsibilities. In an overall evaluation, howover, it i
not the degree to which the family has fallen, but the struggle and
the striving to develop and grow that masks the real progress and
the positive accomplishments.
‘The Family Service Bureau also assists women parolees who are
not taken care of by other agencies. These constitute instances
where a woman parolee has no place to sleep, needs funds for
transportation to her job, or for food and clothing until her frst pay
which may not occur until two weeks after working, In some in
stances employees hold out one week's pay. Landlords want one
week’s pay in advance,
‘The Family Service Bureau wishes at this time to extend sincere
appreciation and gratitude to all those whose support has allowed
It to help these families in tine of distress
‘The following are afew samples of the many gratitude fetes we
receive from our families:
“This is leter of grateful appreciation fr all you have done
for me in the past your oF 50" ”
‘As you know my con was sent to Grammar School for Boys
at West Corsacio and hall be coming home soon, You knot
hhow bad things were at home my husband Steve had a temor
on his brain beside his epileptic "My culdren spent very bad
Winter infact ay daughter Patricia sipped and broke her aoKte
Tm sck myzelf with high blood pressre tp t0 200 some day.
Alin all we've really hada very bad time, if wasnt for
iinciness in helping ve out, T don't know what T would have
don
‘thank God in his goodness sont you to us forall the trouble
we've had. Tl be forever etemally thankful to you and the
Prison Association for your help, Kindness and wnderstanding
of all our problems
Til nover cease forgetting you and praying for you. ‘That our
‘Lady will Took down on you with the fine work you are doing
helping others as you helped me,
Tank again and may God Bess you nd take care of you
always.
(signature of client)
86
“1 want to take this time out to thank you and your staff
forall dat younave done for ay Ciken ad mysel, Xreally
‘Bont know i thanks is enough to say forthe inspiration that
dont given meal these months that my husband was aay.
JOURS ppreiate your gentle kindnos and understanding
ofp inde roams How all he words eo other
We eesde Srl aways semain fo my hart Van praying
ree ne Stusband will continue to do as well as he has in the
Sit fo weeks. He gota job yesterday. I realize adjusting i
Pat cary but with the help of God he can sutely ako #1
rena (signature of client)
STATISTICS FOR FAMILY SERVICE BUREAU
FOR 1964
Families in active category January 1, 1964
New cases accepted
Cases reopened
‘Total number of cases during year
Cases. closed nse
Families in active eatogory December 31, 1964
‘Total amount of Sinanciat assistance
Families provided with Christmas dinner and toys
(otal 104 persons)
Families visited in the home
‘Office interviews
‘Agency visits
EMPLOYMENT AND RELIEF BUREAU
In the course of @ year, many releases passthrough, our doors
se Satonce with thele vased problems, Each man is « highly
sesking ate re of several sense has ald to abide
ERE acooptad codes of behavior IE plea was heard and the
court convicts ;
ering. prosont knowledge of oman havior, we beiove
ee eeese lor wthin the invidoal and the community aro to
Aa creat to some degree, for the dificalt plight of the r=
Pam, APeshape some form of chemical n-balanco vithin the in-
{EuiGhi Hes aed aa launching pad for'a reckless and dangerous
st
criminal impulse or compulsion, perhaps a birth-defect, emotional
traumas, exposure to harinfl peychologiea conditions of even bap-
penstance, among other things, could have influenced the individual
to think along lines detrimental or opposed to law and order.
‘We cannot attempt to focus the full ight of sclentfic research on
cach individual who cals upon us for guidance, counsel and assist-
tance because this wonld obviously necessitate an intensive diagnosis
by a large stall. Nor is it the fmction of this vohuntary, private
agency to second-guess the judiciary or earry om the intensive teat-
‘ment which is the responsibility of the publte carreetional ageneles.
Confronted with these facts, we aust be practical and make use
of the means available tos to asist fn the solution or alleviation of
the varied and pressing problems, Among other things, many indi-
‘duals arrive i our offce in desperate noed of financial axisnee—
‘without shelter, food let alone tools of his trade or employment.
‘weakened, Through experienced counselling we strive
to instil within the individual the sprtual strength aod confidence
necded to offect a rehabilitation, recognizing that there aro those
within the very society which bronght the individual to task for
transgressions who are ever ready and willing to grant another op-
portunity to change & way of life and become a respected member
OF the community.
Mar. A. B. appeared at our office one day last summer. He
had just been released from one of the state correctional institutions
housing those alficted with an emotional or mental. disturbance.
‘This man had served his maximum time of more than six years, and
was declared able to function by himself and qualiSed, ready for
tinful employment. He was experienced in a phase of maintenance
‘work where a municipal Heense and union membership were man-
datory. This man was financially unable to pay the Keense fee and
his union dues. Our Employment and Relief Bureau ascertained the
facts in this case were tue, and consequently loaned Mr. A. B. the
cash needed to secure both a unfon member's card and the requ
Ficense.V
duced the necessary documents, and joyfully told ns he had s
a well paying job
Mr. §. a releases no longer om parole came to or Employ-
rent and Relief Bureau. pleading for employment. He had it
eulty explaining his pitiful plight because of a language bartce.
‘Through patient questioning his sad story was put together. A Tong
period of unemployment had brought him, bis wife and two very
Young children to the point of pani. They all ved in one room, the
food supply was depleted and he had no way of replenishing it." We
38
veri the fact the family had fled an application for Welfare as-
tance about a week or eo pror to calling upon us. Our Employ-
tent and Relief Bureat! contacted the loeal ofle of the Welfare
Department by telephone and ater a lengthy discussion ofthis par
ticlar ease, the Welfare representative agreed to give this eletece
a chock immediately to take care of the food requirements of the
family unt they wore placed on tho regelar Welfare assistance rolls
‘We sent this mn to the Welfare ofc to get his check, atthe same
time advising him to return to our ofce if he encountered any dif
ficult. He left our office and did not return,
STATISTICS FOR EMPLOYMENT AND RELIEF BUREAU
Different men interviewed ve Last
‘New York City applicants 575
New York State applicants 0
Probation applicants
Out of state stitution applicants
Relatives of inmates a a
Others interviewed 1,385
Jobs pr a . 524
“otal nights login =
Apaions pvet eth lr caren ekee fal od
‘TU velit given for foo, sh esh end employment $1,708,685
‘THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION'S
LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES
LEGISLATION
Analyzing and evaluating various bills relating to the adaini-
stration of justice introduced into the Legislature ove of the pur
poses for which The ‘Comectional Assoiation of Now York was
Uriginally Organized. Following the study of all bills embracing
‘our Bld of interest, the Association may negister support oF oppost
tion with the chairmen of the various committees to which the bl
ioe bes soleees aad pelo! oa & tee Lapeer
‘When a bill has been passed and forwarded to the Governor, the
Association continues with written approval or protest.
From time to time we elit the support of other organizations
with a legislative faterest or may join wth them ina concerted effort
of support or opposition.
“Thin the Association has done throughowt its 120 years of exist
cence. 1964 was no exception,
‘On Janoary 8, 1964 the 187th Aonual Session of the State Lege
Inture was convened, ‘The legislative work of the Assocation had
started number of weeks before the Legislature was convened,
‘ramined the many pro-fled bile which for the 1964 session had
increased slinost by 500 over the 1963 session (2,850 presled bill
jn 1964 as compared. to 2.353) For several months, we devoted
‘uch of our tine studying the bills in our area of intrest, support
ing.or opposing the more important one:
"he bir of specifi intrest to us fell into throe general categories.
“the fist dealing with narcotis, the second with parole and the
third with probation, tm the area of narcotics there were =pprox-
mately 60 separate bills introduced, approximately half of which
increased the penalty for selling narcotics, The remainder of the
narcotie bill gonerally donlt with such ‘matters ag the creation of
Camps or other facilities forthe rehabilitation of addicts in Keeping
withthe Association's program. ‘Related to narcotic usage is the
Pructice among certain juveniles of snifing glue. Tho position of the
[ssociation presented to the New York City Departasent of Health
on this matter was made known to the legislative committees to
hich th ge sig” bl ha Yoon refered
the second area, namely parole, the bills gonerally deat with
shelauthoriy of the Parole Bose "There were two bila marked
interest to the Association. ‘The fst extended the juridiction of the
Parole Board ower certain fstitutions which it had not had in the
past. This we favored. ‘The second required the concurrence of
ion
2
three psychiatrists before
Hil'we opposed. Not only woul
acne is oN of oor ee
fest able administratively to handle the function of probation had
hot been given ample scrutiny and consideration.
93
APPENDIX “A”
THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF NEW YORK
PROPOSED NEW YORK PENAL LAW*
Donald H. Goff
General Secretary
1 1961 the State Commission on the Revision of the Penal Lav
and’ Crimioal Code was eeated and presented with a monumental
mandate to prepare for submission to the Legislature. revised,
Simplifed bol of substantive laws selating to crime and offenses In
the State aswell asa revised simplified code of rales and procedures
relating to criminal and quasicriminal actions aod proceedings.
‘This was to be the rst overall study and revision of the Penal Law
and the Code of Criminal Procedures sino 1881-80 years.
"The Correctional Association of New York was a soving force in
the 1581 codieation of the Penal Code and Cade of Criminal Pro-
cedure. In Its report, in 1880 to the Legislative, the Association
Stated the following
“The body of evidence in this report shows that as regards
‘he local prions snd js and in tip State, andl as regasee out
Jaws relating to thom, thre i urgent necessity for greater fn:
provements and more radical changes than have hifuerto been
Ettempted by the Legislature
’As the great reforms now most urgently needed are twofold:
First and most obviously, because the common jalls and tele
{inmates are in © deplorable condition, and ar iterally the com
‘on schools of erie and viee; and second, because the Its
and administration of them relating to crime and the mover
‘ents of public justice aren an unsatstctory state, this report
will present freah ovidenee of the former, and also submit a
Tareftlly prepared digest of the laws which show the lator,
fact, ‘The design isto facilitate any necessary logislation, ond
at the same time prevent needless and injerious laws from
Being enacted, while ofering the means of ready teference 1,
are for proentation ef the
“Temporary Conumassion on Review of the Penal Law andl Criminal Code
[November 25, 1064
8
sortie te am rece
ee cc eutive Committee of the Associa:
"cerned for this
é he Leglatre © per
things dn egard co them as may enable the Legs
fect thee government and discipline.
sea wth dhe fst codileaton in 161, The Cozectional AS.
sont va et Par mont pleased at he mandate presented
ign your Comision °
8 on CS wih which the Cammison and a
nt agente a9 oe ta i commendable and anal
have undertaken the Ep Commusion tas doe a monet
The Anoiation fel at ating much oxaneous ate
se aw of te Sa soem
om the Pen a oe ae hl opportunity to ety
sat bition esi obliyakiowiedgng ts comets
aon and sal
a0 et New York Peatl Law ato
a i ectons end thowe
Incapectation abd rehabilitation, -
mor en ct eo
Se rere tase a
ia a rela te
ies tied om the eomeminity ina scare coreetionl inst:
%
3. The rehabilitation of those individuals as a result of the
sanction imposed be it probation, institutionalization, or
parole so that the community is safeguarded from future
affronts
Maintaining the proper balance among these three, one must
take into consideration the act of the individual, the situation in
which the act occurred as well as the actor or offonder—his potential,
his understanding, and his reason. It is fandamental in the American,
way of life to emphasize the importance and value of the individual.
MAXIMUM SENTENCES
We recognize that in determining the maximum sentence to be
allowed by law for speile offenses, the more intractable and dan
fgerous offender must be considered as well asthe average offender
Sho commits the particular erime. In general, wo feel that the
amazin prescribed for the various feloay classifeations in the Pro
posed Penal Law are too svere forthe average offender and would,
Tpmany cates, bo excoative, However, in that there are a numbor
af factors enteringinto the length of sentence of ineazerationwhich,
info cacy gh ina th sed oe Ua igh nn, we
concur with the Commission's proposals. We would propose, bow:
‘ver, that in the imposition of ail sentences greater than two-thirds
of the maximum authorizod by the Proposed Law, the court be re
gute a sate on the resid the eso forte ie of i dite
ton in imposing such a long sontence. By this procedure we bo-
love thatthe courts wil retain thairGacredonary power and atthe
smo time individual defendants will be protected from unduly
excessive punishments, I have been arked fo sate that the Grand
Jurors Asfolation concurs fully with our thinking on this proposal.
‘MINIMUM SENTENCES
‘The Association continues its long time position in opposition to
‘the mandating of excessively high minima for particular offonses.
Jn our estimation high minima mandated by statute tend to work in
opposition tothe true protection of the community. With extremely
high minima, just as with prohibitions against probation and parole
in specific eases, the necessary sentencing flexblity is so markedly
reduced that the disposition cannot be. geared properly t0 the of-
fenderoffense-situation. We would therefore like to the
Commission for its proposal to abotish high minima.
‘MANDATORY 2nd and 3rd FELONY SENTENCES
Just as the Association is opposed to high mandatory minima so
96
does it fel that the courts are not permitted proper latitude in sen-
fencing the oflender-offense-situation when mandatory sentences for
second and third offenses exist. The high maxima for the various
felony classes allowed in the Proposed Law mentioned above to-
goto with the, ficient State Pale Commision can, wit the
Figidity imposed by mandatory sentences for second and third felony
cffenss, provide sulci! safeguard to the community as wells
Consider the cicomstances surrounding the particular crime, the
hnature and circumstances of previous crimes, as well as the history,
character, and condition of the offender
'We would disagree with that section of the Propoted Lavr (30.10)
dealing with the persistent felony offender to the extent that we feel
that a persistent felony offender should be defined as a person who
stands convicted of a felony after having previously been convicted
of three or more felonies rather than the proposed two or more
felonies
"The specie act, the situation in which the act occurred, and the
individual we have referred to as the offender-offense-stuation
The Correctional Association of New York, an impartial objective
corganiration, whose primary concern is the protection of The com
munity has sttempted to evaluate the complex phenomena of crime
ind punishment weighing all three factors realizing the great dif:
fealty of evaluating. the impact imprisonment will have upon
particular olfender, a6 well e the difcalty of making aa Honest
Essesment of tneatened punishment upon potential offenders. "The
‘Association Js cognizant that “failure fo ionpose a sentence of in
isonment may involve a visk to the community and the use of
Erprisonment may involve a rik of destroying aa individual indeed
any times a family” to quote from the Commission's wall notes.
When the latter oovurs we do not believe that the community 2
truly protected from future efforts.
‘With the increase in knowledge about human behavior and moti
vation with improvements in the predictability of human behavior,
Ye continse to maintain that Hexbiity inthe handling of offenders
is imperative In any penal code, ‘This i the baste philosophy under.
Tying our observations today.
GOOD BEHAVIOR TIME
Under the Proposed Penal Law, time allowances earned for good
behavior are applied only to the maximum sentence and donot
apply against the minimum. "This we believe to be tnrealistic. The
incentive of an inmate towards seliimprovement, good behavior
and diligent work in an institution, would, in our estimation, be
markedly reduced if his conduct i the institution could sano
ca
vay allect his parole eligibility date, 1 emphasize the word
dligiilty as good time credits appiod to the minimum wool
simply affect eligibility for parole consideration and not dicate
release from the instititan,
‘We would. therefore propote that the Commission reconsider
‘3040 to permit the application of good behavior time credits tothe
Ini sentenc,eablshing parle eligibility, a well a tothe
SPECIFIC OFFENSES
‘The Association would like to comment on two speifle “viola
cea the Proposed Penal Law. emai
Acticle 250.10 (harassment) classes “jostling” as a “violation” and
ss such authorizes a sontence of 15 days, Since the individuals
generally involved in jostling or pickpocketing are profesional of
fenders, we feel that suficientlaituge is not pamtted the court
by classifying this partealar offense as a violation. We would pros
pose instend that stb sections 6 and 7 of Section 250.0 be chadged
1 misdemennor category
The Commission and stall should be complimented on the 2
vision to the State's Public Intoxication Statute (old 1231), The su
sutate proposal (250.20 Public Intoxication) overcomes two of the
objections the Assocation has had tothe existing public intonation
Jaw. Fist the now section requires that an individual, Because of
intoxication, “may endanger himself or other persons ce 5
This & not in the present statute, Secondly, the substance which
caused the intoxication is broadened to include narcoies and other
drugs Asan aside ti interesting to note that under present law it
Js an offense for an individual to be publicly intodeated ta’ all
counties outside New York City from & substance which can, be
Purchased legally at any bar or puckage storesnamely: alesbl
while at the same time it is not an offense to be publicly intoxicated
45a result of tho uso ofa substance barmed eveh for medial taage
in the United States~namely heroin.
Proposed Section 250.20” makes public intoxication a viol
with te period of incarceration being 15 days’ ie Aarts
wonders about the effect such « 15 day incavceration would have
on sone ofthe longer ter programs being developed to teat ales
lies in county correctional institutions, Whilo we do’ not bellces
‘hat the alcoholic, who is defined by the Ameriean Medical Avsoci:
tion as being an ill individual, should be handled in a coneetioual
setting, we also recogmire thatthe moro presence of ststale whieh
relecs a generally ascopted mode of behavior when enforced, docs
‘fect the actions f healthy normal people. A fundamental dsioee
98
cists on the matter of public intorcaton. Questions are raised
ren shoot the constitutional of such laws, On the ope hand the
ondition of repested public intoxication which can evoke. pensl
SEuttution comitinent is the very symptom whic would Texd one
to suspect slcoholinaa disuse, Repeatedly, statics of sucess or
failure of cases of alcoholism committed to local correctional inst
tations, havo shown an excesively high recidivism rate. So mich
to the ferm the “revolving dot” has been applied to the all beeauee
Of the mime of indivaduale addicted to tlhe) who have een
committed, releusol, re-commited, again seleated, commited snd
Sguinrelesed. ‘These individuals conttte the “in and outer” or
6 perennial jail habitve, hey are the individvals “who ae serving
Sie sentence on the installment pan”
On the other hand in our zealonmess {0 teat a disease we must
not overlock the fact fiat the public intoxication of those not ad
diced to alcool may be and tndoabtedly J, affected because of
the exstonos of ate vancions, yet should sich state sanctions exist?
"We would propose tat tho Commission stalk disse that eections
of Ariclo 25030, dealing with public Intoreation, with the Gover
nots Advisory Commitee on Alcaholim, at well asthe Stato Divi
Soo of Alcoholism within the Departinent of Mental Hygiene, a5
sve feel that this particular article requires the best ‘inking not
‘nly tm the Geld of law and correction but slso in the Bald of
STeshotim
"For the record Iam submitig « paper in this dilemma of Alo-
holism and the Administration of Juttico prepared for presentation
before the European Institute on the Prevention and Treatment of
Alecholism in Angust of 1964, London, England, which attempts
{ormore clearly define this problem,
MISDEMEANANT PAROLE
A constant stving for fexsbilty in dealing with the offender
cffense-situation ‘wait has boon a guiding principle of the Correo
onal Assoelation toughout the Years. The Atsocation also
Tecognized the shorcsightedness OF seleasing individuats to the
tomtiunity without parole supervision, Work many years ago by
‘The Correctional Astociation of New York brought about he ute
Of the indetenninate sentence and parcle ix New York.
‘For the two reasons stated above we are in favor of the principle
of mixdemeanant paole expressed in the Propored Penal Lav, ‘he
Proposals would allow the desiced flexibility in the amount of ume
En Individual would bo incarorated and would also bring about the
parole soperision of individuals who have been sentenced to frm
Bi days to one year
The community poacton value of pve i well table in
the instanceof ote seve ess End we ble tet tee
evens of the New York Oy Fle Commision ate te Sp
SSR afte epteauon afte pee conc eer
“het 5 some confusion, Roweves over the terminalogy used in
“he im “tion parle Dowd” is Uke a misnomer and
we maid pope that be changed ther t“niolemenne parse
Doan or Hater ofendr parle hurd Ether we el won bo
‘Wor ada th reso tiny, ne poston to make any obser
Viva! ha empited thea ttf his earcraes, We
pate supervision prior to copeting the atu, oi fll
‘Scene, thereby trap Vs sens, is bre pai
Sint snr ane wld Seong wget a? Son
the above situation could not occur. ‘ we
PROPOSALS RELATING TO EXISTING ARTICLE TA
OF THE CORRECTION LAW
In 1915 legislation was enacted authorizing cities of the frst class
to create a parole commission and allowing for the commitment of
misdemeanants on an indeterminate sentence with a maximum of
three years, or in certain cases two yeurs, o institutions under the
City Department of Correction. This enabling legislation represeut-
fed the most advanced thinking in Its time and was the City’s effort
to bring rehabilitation, training and individualization of teatment
to the many thousands of individuals committed to the New York
City’s correctional institutions. ‘The Commission's proposal to com-
pletely abolish this Articlo of the Correction Law would, in our
estimation, be a mistake.
‘The desirability of equalizing the maximum sentence allowed in
the City of New York and that of other counties of the State for
individuals convicted of a misdemeanor is readily seen. We feel
that this can be done in such a way as to maintain thoso parts of
100
Section TA which are desirable, yet atthe same Une overcome the
Seco t botween authorized marimum senteness for misdemeanors
Sere Rate of New York and olher counties of the State
She werd propose am alternative én How ofthe abolition of exist.
ing Satna 1K oF the Corecion Law which bas been in operation
for 49 yeas.
‘We Celleve that the proposed misdemeanant parole statute and
Cees eitas of existing Article 7A of the Correction Law can
eee Sond would submit the following proposal
1L. Maintain the existing section of 7A which allows for sentenc-
ing to the City Reformatory, restricting the ago to 16 to 21
Yeers, At the same Kime extend the period from the existing
Yue to a four year maximum. Also modify Section 35.05
the Broposed Ponal Law referring to reforimatory sentences of
Imprisonment for young adults to read as follows:
"When reformatory sentence of imprisonment is imposed
the court shall commit the young adult to the custody of
the State Department of Correction or @ reformatory under
utigle TA of the Correction Law of the City Department of
Correction for reformatory period and until released in ac-
Condance with law.” Such changes in both the existing sec
fon of TA dealing with reformatory sentences and the Pro-
posed Penal Law would allow the courts i the City of New
eek either to sentence a young adult age 16 to 2 to the
Zontody of the State Department of Correction or to the
New York City Department of Correction.
2 Morlify Section 3005 which allows alternative definite sex-
Mody Seaas D and E, Felonies whero “the court having
tenets (anne of circumstances of the erie and 0
Tote Mearacter of the defendant and is of the opinion
stony 20d fence of imprisonment is necessary that % would
iat the Fee Che” fo include an indeterminate sentence
be und hate shiary upder the existing section of Article
to the Cig Pevauthorzing a defile sentence of one Year
or less
nthe instanceof New York City this would allow three alterna
ott Seajostane a sentencing Cats D or Eelony ens,
(0) The imposition of the sentenco to the State Department of
Te pone Clase D ob Felony, the masimom tm of
fhe Clase D felony being 7 yeas, maximum for Class E Felony
four years.
(@) Impose a penitentiary indefinite sentence with a three year
101
maximum to an insttation under the New York Ci
iwc ee
(9 impos inte setese of imprisonment ing a term of
one year or Tes
wploiding exiting Arie 7A ofthe Comecton Law, but aio '0
ation, the vocational tratning efforts are belng made in that inst
Sis a eas eee
fees a rat gc a
on the conatttionalty of this law. . mr Seas Seek
ope ie fo 3 the inal cid cite rfccnstcy oboe
‘of imprisonment not to exceed four years in the cust ate
cates aan emery oaeen
ne eee
2 eu a a
Be cd eeendiabtemomee
102
y of New
sed for Class D or E Felon. Here the courts ofthe City
Fee oS Rave dre dispostions aval to them,
sentencing of the individual to the Stato Department of
Fa sea oc of a Class D Felony to imprint
Coreen toeing 7 yous and in the instance of a Class
ent entente not to exceed four years, of imposing 2
fie sontence of mnprnonent wih tr on Year ot
ee = ‘Jentence to the City
: State would have 3 of
fentany Th otes counties of the State wou ‘
Fenitenty.ves avallable to ther, namely, either imposing
e sentncs ine itance of « Class D Felony nok xeeding
stores Clase Felony not exceeding 4 years of, imposing
ear or cintenc of teprionment not exceeding one Your
1 of this oppor
4 Penal Law
103
APPENDIX “B”
THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF NEW YORK
NARCOTIC ADDICTION*
Donald H. Goff
General Secretary
Senator Metcalf: The Correctional Association of New York ts
smoatpleused to have this opportunity to present tothe Jolt Legis
Intive Commitee on Halts surance Plans under yout able chal
rmanship its views on narcotic addiction in the Slate of New York
td snore specially on the logislalon ensbling the evil comm
of sclectednanoate
ment to the Department of Mental Hygione 0
fddits, Chapter 204, Laws of 1962.
[At the onset the Association would like to commend the Logis
cure for the progressive step it took when it voted favorably for
what i now known as the Metcalf Volker Law, allowing for Aexi-
Dility im the treatment of narcotic addiets. We are completely in
accord with both the philosophy and intent of this bill,
‘The interest of The Correctional Association in narcotic addiction
fs not new. Fifty years ago the Assoolation in its Annual Report to
the Legislature expressed concern over the traffic and use of habit
forming drugs. The report states:
“In its crusade aguinst traffic in habitforming drugs in its
institutions, the Department (of Correction of tho City of New
York) has had great success. ‘The use of such drugs has been
increasing generally throughout the country, and particularly in
its largest cities, to an alarining extent. Their uso in the various
prisons has been common knowledge, and it is known that there
‘was collusion between prisoners and their friends on the one
hhand, and some officers of institutions on the other hand, in
furthering the use and sale of such drugs in the institutions, Both
from the standard of the personal welfare of the prisoners and
from that of the administration, the concealed use of habit-form-
ing drugs in the penal institutions is a serious menace, and its
"Prepared for presentation before the
‘Toukt Committee on Testh Invorance Plans
November 13, 1968
104
abolition one of the most difficult problems for exeentives, The
Department of Correction carried on an extensive examination
into the extent of the existence of this condition in its institutions
and applied vigorous methods for its discontinuance. The services
of detectives of the police department, of reliable prison officials,
Of specially committed inmates, of physicians, and of executive
heads of institutions were utilized. As'a result, some 34 persons
were convicted of implication in the sale of drugs to prisoners,
OF these, 9 were employees of the Department of Correction.”
I cite the above not only as a demonstration of the Association's
long time interest and cousera in the narcotic addiction problem in
the City and State, but aso in an effort to place the drug addiction
problem in its proper histori prospective. Fifty years ago estimates
placed the number of adtlicts as high as ten times moro than the
‘number estimated for the present and in a total population about
half the sizeof that of today. ‘This is not to imply that all of our
efforts should not be directed towards its solution but rather that
continued study and objective research are noeded, not proposals
for pansocas.
‘Perhaps it would be helpful to review briefly the history of cor
reetion~since the past is prologue for the Future~and the Taw allow
{ng for altemate means of handling selected narcotic adits is, in
our estimation, the logieal, constrictive forward continuation of
movement that began about 150 years ago.
Prior to the accumulation of modem knowledge of behavior and
the development of the behavior sciences, any indvigual who viola
ed the accepted standards of behavior as expressed by the existing
Jaws was committed to a jal or prison. ‘These bridewells, jails of
prisous wore the repositories not only for hardened offenders but
so for psychotics and tho mentally retarded, When the futility,
fnhomanéness and trie lack of protection to the community of the
‘commitment to jails or what awe ow know to be mentally il and
Severely retarded individuals was recognized, separate institutions
for the mentally rotarded and the mentally ills were created. ‘Theso
individuals were removed froma the fails to xecelve the proper treat
ment based on existing medical knowledge. ‘Today when an indi-
Yidual requires institutionalization because of anti-social or bizarre
Ibohavior caused by gross mental rctardation or mental disease, we
do not commit him to jail or penitentiary but rather toa mental
hospital or a taining institution specially created to deal with the
problem.
Tn the instance of drug addiction we fcel that eventually imprison
ment of addicts In a correctional setting will be viewed as inap-
Propropriate as would be the commitment of peychotles to prisons
fe ig our fin conviction that fom a oc
he Ste must intervene in en aenifoae
amily and relatives wh are diesty afore
Enact ly and emotionally for the sake of the sore
nity whose public morals, health, safehy and elie ea 2
pt and for tho sake ofthe addict himself who hag aang ee
This civil intervention we
‘of personal respectability and worth,
believe to be a strength of Chapter 204,
While we do not have data from th
Hygiene, we do have it from the Ci
the City Parole Commission
© Department of Mental
ity Department of Correction and
ny
sy A arte
is possible that in attempting to deal with the complex problem of
expect massive, suc-
ly viewed as an experi.
“aigma,
108
citrate at hie high ove ate at ws
a York State Pale Com-
St Seuss septa’ by the New Yor Sate Poa
amin MESS Nase Wok whi bas een operative
ee voluminous data on the problem
aud fle re of te
i ih nda
such
he Correctional Association of New York beiewes that
1 The Contec must be mae between the wholesalers or
Sean ooo of organized cximo who obla their lve
doe eg egal with narcotics and dangerous Sos:
oe ae vidual who have become addicted and may
sees thetr own addiction sll oF attempt t
oat nor Indvidsle on retail basis
Cf New York believes the
Should be handled hy the
seotenes
those addicted individuals who in order to msntin
For ee ation ay sell or aempt to sell sll qua
icon ve te bes Snort of the om
Sotho addet h placed under
va teat the action, The
ting ta
isa special problem,
New York believes addicts
‘When an
are the principal spr
addict has failed t0
107
tions for treatment, a more intonsive form of troatment with
legal support is indicated for the protection of the com-
munity,
‘The Correctional Association of New York accepts the fact
that in general narcotie adlets ean be classed tatoo
sain citogores
(@) The first category consists of those individuals who in-
advertendly shrough medial weatment become addictod
to mareotie drags or are individuals who bechuse of their
profession have access to narcotic drugs and under great
feat tress and tren oegin to vine narcotics for the
temporary sell of fatigue or pain ‘These we believe are
the clandestine users who was drugs secre and alone,
te gut lnden over their vie and generally do not at
temp! to initiate the non-use.
(2) The second general eatogory which we beliove toe the
Tiajor problem afl much greater in number consists of
those Individuals who at best are leading marginal
tistenee and are overwhelmed with rel or imaginary
problems. ‘This group unlike the lst, oither for Suneiat
Featons inorder to support their addiction or far piycho-
logieal reasons to justify to themselver the ase! of nar
celics cccasionally attempt directly to persuade others
1 se By and nee sca contagion Aecounts forthe
Spread of narcoU addition through eootact with addicts
‘rhore role Js ether active or passive
While the Assocation bellover that narcote addiots can
he elasiled gencially Into fo main categories, thero is
reason to believe that there is an emerging third eae
of experimental and non under privileged persone who wee
Guanbties of barbiturates, amphetamines nd other dane
erous drugs. Becatse of the sound economie status and
Sophistication in securing supplies, these users comet the
itlention of authorities only fnfrequently but their existence
Cannot be ignored.
"he Cometonl Anson of Now Yor conc wit he
crition taken by the American Medical Assocation oppos.
Tig the dispensing of narcotics on an ambulatory bash to
the already addicted. ‘Such a practic, except In srely
led research projects would, in our estimation, n-
crease the number of addicts rather than lend to the cure
of thoweSndividoals aeendy addicted.
“The Correctional Assoslation of New York belioves that
108
those individuals committed to the State Department of
Correction who are also narcotic addicts should be placed
inva constructive rehabilitation program, especially develop-
ed to treat addiction, within the institutions of the Depart-
ment,
Above all The Correctional Association believes that each
‘and every avenue of possible solution must be explored
through objective continuing research, The need for facts,
Knowledge and the assessment of operating, programs is
‘paramount if this social problem is to be ameliorat
“The present multiciplicity of public and private agencies
involved in the addiction problem and the ensuing confu-
sion of programs and orientations toward handling addicts
mandate a more active role by an instrumentality of State
Government.
‘Such an instrumentality with an adequate multidiscipline
staff and increased fiscal support by the State Government
‘should assume a more active leadership role in the total feld
fof narcotic addiction including research and policy forma-
tion in the many facets of the problem.
‘A Program for Handling Nareotic Addiction
In accordance with the above principles and in dealing with the
pagent emergency and teat othe wales of New ‘York State, the
following program of medical and psychiatric treatment is proposed
for those addicts under civil commitment.
@
ConfinementAddicts to be hospitalized as at present
under the jorsdieion of the State Department of Mental
Hygiene fora period ant les than 60 days. However, the
Pocfent availablity of 555 beds is vastly insufcient to deal
Pith the adic population in New York City estimated to
To above 25,000 tnaviduats. Tt ir recommended that the
Sate Natentic Instrumentlty together with the City and
Federal oils arrive ata determination of how many beds
Sronccesiay to ntligenty accommodate the existing addict
Spulaton gf New York nd that fonds be allotted to pro-
Bile such facies end programs with adequate secur
Te ea ely imporaat the Metal
Goless Act is amended to allow for evil potion for commit
Sent of addicts by law enforcement authorities tothe sbove
IMontioned hospital facilites of the Deparment of Mental
Hygiene
®) _ Camps-At a time to be determined by the medica a
thors of the Department of Mental Hyglon, the ast
Should be transfered fo plot work camp proviled by New
York state in the same fashion that t now mune its Youth
Division Camps where the feasibility and valuo of such
rogram sb td .
ere ego-uilding experiences through constructive work
opportunites should take place, ‘The desire for and recog:
nition of the nee! to be guitully employed in oder to reais
tociety mist bo instilled at the sume tine. Vocational, re
creational and’ educational training must company this
Triting and pyshiatite and group coutveling be made avail
ttle tothe patient atthe same Ene,
Pilot Project of HaléWay Houses—Whon the addict is
ready tortura, in the opinion ofthe authorities of the
to the urban envionment of his choice, then hal-way houses
Sst able or hmm tthe enon Fo on
tolled to a free environment may be sade intelligently.
Gree again such hell-way houses’ mist provide counseling
Service as well as living qharters and comtols. At the same
Sine work opportune shuld bo proved rat nd
ty oF f not svallable there, mast be provided Orou
ovrmmental serie te ade enn be sao
Mtr Care fal stage of wenn: reeset he
commmnty with a mandatory chemical test required ofthe
Sas aloe ol tonal a ernie eee oe
Of narcotie ‘This should be administered atthe discretion
of the appropriate modical sathority with lnw enforcement
support fe ny be required untl the oxpration of th com:
Iktoent period. Tt i suggested that the stat Juisiction
txtend for seven yeats so that the individual might be te.
fumed to the ist or detosteation stage without the neces
Si of the extra governmental expense of starting legal and
Comamitmentprosoedings in the event of yelapse, This
particoany desirable, view of te fact Ghat en astonish
Daly high percentage of addicts tn isting treatment pro.
sginmsrelapee to the tee of naoote,
‘Tho above program would in our estimation extend the useful-
0
es of the present legislation and jsf complete keeping with the
SSiosophy BE this legsation. Such a program has never been fol-
Buca Ys ltl sequence in New Yor State While adimitedly
hSisive to fat Into uperaton, t should prove vastly more €co-
crPeet than the existing sytem whereby adie om the stroes of
Wien York reportedly sce antold milion of dollars worth of goods
evally to dash them to purchase drugs. More Important, how
sreettfe should reduce the incalculable harm falited by them
hor the ves of tho members of the communlty in which they live
fo ts end we uege that a greater mount of fonds appropriated
the Site to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and the
Realy avaiable Federal funds under the Mental Retardation’ Fa-
Ui and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Ast of
1963, Sonate 1976, which permits states to include facts for the
treatment of nareotc addicts, be alloted for this purpose.
“We would further strongly urge in vlew ofthe apparent sicoss
of the ntensive authoritarian after-care supervision reported by the
Nev York City Purole Commission which parliels that experienced
Dy the Special Narcotics Unit of the State Parole Commission that
Pititent ands be appropriated for more intensive aftercare per
Siston of those individuals civilly committed tothe jurisdiction of
the Deparment of Metal Hygiene.
m
‘THE CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK
GENERAL FUND
STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENSES
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 81, 1964
Total
Donatione=Unroaiiccd
Endowment Income
28,801.86
ee
‘Gish, food dthing eto) = $172
ony ec Bre 1 TESS
“Kineton 6107.00
Employment™Ads TASL88 sop1a48
“Travel expenses
Equpoete Ppp
149.40
‘compensation iaurance au.79
‘Total Expenses $9q020.7
sraaaeas
ce ne ented og AUDITORS! REFORT
r-bave asdied the books, spears, monte and oer ends of he
ovcatonl Rana cf Rey Yor for thor ned Bescnber 81, 1988
In'our opinion the atemeat of forme and capenses shows shove
sy te ens ofthe operation of the General Fund foe tat yeu
New Yor Ne ‘Wren, Home & ao
‘Apa 2 i905 “Ceri Pub Accountants
uz
CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
‘An. Act to Incorporate The Correctional Asclation of New York.*
ase May 0, 1816, by a twoshirds vor, (as sobseqently
tmncnded)
The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and
sembly, do enact ox follows:
Section 1, All uch persons as now are and hereafter shall become
members ofthe said atocaton pariant t the conttation thereof,
thall and are hereby constituted n body eoeporate by tho mame of
‘The Comectonal Avcation of New Yes" ind by that name have
the powers that bythe td tite of the eighteenth chapter, of the
fist part of the Revied Statutes, are declared to belong to every
corplration, end tall be capable of purchasing boing and eon.
Sejng sy ete alo: personal for ea of sald corporation
provided tat such real ertite dal nverexooed the yearhy value of
EX'thowand dala nor be applied tov any other pargase than
those for which ths corporation is fonned.
{ 2. The estate and concer of eld corporation shal be managed
antl conducted by ls executive commited in confaralty tothe Sa-
stration ofthe sid corporation nd the following acs that Bow
form the constitution ofthe asouation shall contin to be the Fane
imental rt and comstiaiontherst, eubjet to alteration inthe
ino thorein proscribed.
‘The objects of the association shall be:
1. The amelioration of the condition of prisoners whether de-
tained for trial, or finally convieted, or as witnesses.
2. The improvement of prison discipline and the goverament of
prisms whether for ites, oovntion state,
8, The support and encouragement of reformed convicts after
thei dscharge by affording them the means of obtaining an honest
livelihood and sustaining them in thelr offorts at reform,
Anmicur secoxD
‘The officers of the society shall bo a president, four vice-presi-
“FORMERLY, The Prison Association of New York, At a special mocting
‘of the members, the mame war changed on Febmoaty 1, 1961 to The Correct
‘onal Association of New Yark and this change was duly recorded with the
‘Secretary of State.
dents, a recording s
recording secretary,
ter, and there shall be re
cominittee, a commit
pline, a committee
‘matters as shall be likely
‘The society shall meet annual
time and place as the
Any person contrbutin
not let than
preceding article shall be exept
rho shal ions one of hls
Scores
Speen rd
ly in the city of New York, at such
exceutive committee shall appoin
such othr times asthe president, On hit abate, eet
residents, shall designate,
ot in his absence, one of the vice-
ding
tna bo pee a sean so me
ANTICLE seven,
A female department shall be formod consisting of such females
as shall be selected by the executive
charge of the interest and welfare of
such regulations 5 tho executive conknittes shall,
‘committe, who shall have
‘sone of thelr sen, under
adopt.
4
semnctx os =o
of the association shall be chosen annually a
The ocers the me much porns may be elected on,
annual mesting, op have rendered essential service to the
trary members
of prison discipline.
the same objects in view may become auxiiany
Any society having vnc ontribating to its funds and cooperating
to this association by con
with it
smn come ve og Bo of
ie oes Sees econ heroat ol others stall be duly
Reon im their places.
suse ate
enacted that no manager of said society
tion for his services.
gistrate, oF
objects, and the 3
to keep, detsin,
law ordered on th
co may, from tse to time, make
ative commit
fA. "Tho said executive committee ray, from tine 1
1a re panes eu,
ys fe eat, and Sones
wgement
‘of said association and the
management, government, instruction, discipline, and employment
of the persons So as aforesaid committed to the said workhouse, not
contrary to law, as they may deem proper and may appoint such
officers, agents and servants as they may deem nocessary to transact
the business of the said association, and may designate their duties.
‘And the said executive committee shall make an annual report to
the Legislature and to the corporation of the city of New York, of
the number of persons received by them into the said workhouse,
the disposition which shall he made of them by instructing or em-
ploying them therein, the receipts and expenditures of said exeoutive
committee and generally all such facts and particulars as may ex-
hibit the operations of Said association,
{ 5. The said exeontive committee shall have power during the
snnority of say ofthe persons s0conamited to Ce sid workonse,
to bind out the sxid persons 40 being minors, ag aforesaid, as ap:
prentioes or servants, with their consent during Uelr minority, to
Sch persons and at sch places, to leam such proper trades and rm
ployment avin their judgment sil be most conducive to thelr fel
Dmation and atendment and fubire benefit and advantage of xuch
perone
§.6, "The said exocutive committee by such committees as they
shall fom time to tine appott, shall have power, and i ball be
Uheie duties to vis, nepoct and examine, al fae prisons in the Stats
fd annually report to the Legislatze thelr state and condition and
tll such othr tog in regard to them as may enable the Lepisature
to perfect their government and lseipline, And to enable Barn to
tszute the power aad pesto the duties hereby granted snd in
posed, they shall poses all the powers and autborty tat by tho
Event fourth seen, of tile frse, chapter tix, part Fourth of the
Revised Statutes arc Invested in inspectors of county prisons and
the duties of the keepers of each prison that they nay examine sball
be the same in relation to them, ae i the section aforesaid ae exe
posed on the keepers of such prisons in relation to the Inspectors
Rrcreof; provided: that np such exaoinaion or inspection of any
pion sll be made until am order for tat purpose to be granted
By the chanealor ofthis Stats or one of the judges ofthe Supreme
dur, or by 8 vice-chancellor or ernie judge, oF by the Sst judge
the cautty in which the prison to be examined shall be stats,
Shall ist have been nd and obtained, which order shall spocty the
fame of the prison to be examined, tho namo of the persins, mex.
bers of the sad assoctation, by whom the examinations to be made,
and the tne within which the same must be concluded.
BYLAWS
‘of the exeoutive committee on
and special meeting shall be
the executive committee.
‘cases, state the business
fnual meeting shall be be
feach year at an hour an
committee,
year 1916, there shall be
for the term of one
rm of three years,
ting therealter
‘in place of
‘dhe mem
1 At every meat
alti Stochary to comitte « quorum,
TL the ovder of business at the annual meeting aball be as
follows:
1. Election of chairman and secretary
2 Reading of minutes ofthe last meetng
& Reporte of committee on nominations.
44. Election of ofcers.
§ Report of corresponding secretary on work of year
@. anual report of th treasurer
The order of business at every other stated meeting shall
ve as follows: _
1 yh sending and approval of the minutes ofthe last procoding
mowing
a Report of reamrer,
8 Report fom standing committees.
Committos of the Association, December,
id Ma
Tr andy the aeative
roots pay aha hay Hs and May, 108
ur
4. Report from the corresponding secretary
5 Reports from special committees
6. Report Srom the general agent
T. Miscellaneous bosiness
At a special meeting no other business shall be transacted than
that for which the sud meeting was called
V. The chairman shall appoint all standing and special commit-
tees and decide all questions of order, subject to an appeal; and
the rules of order shall be thote embodied in Cushing's manual #0
far as they are applicable
VL. The recording secretary of the association shall be the seere-
tary of the executive committes; and it shall be his duty to keep
the minutes of the proceedings of said committee, to record them
{in a book provided for that purpose, and to give due notice of all
meetings of the committee.
VII. The corresponding secretary shall conduct the correspond-
ence Of the executive committee and of each of the standing com-
ittees; and shall act as the general financial agent of the associa
tion, and shall report at each stated moeting of the committee.
VII. The treasurer shall have charge of the funds of the associa-
tion, and shall give such sccurity as the exeeutive committee may
require, His duties are more fully defined in by-law X.*
IX. Thore shall be at least the following standing committees:
excutive; inane; lav; detentions; nominations, probation and pa-
sole; prison administration, Such committees in addition to any pow-
cers oF duties conferred by theso by-laws shall severally possess the
‘power and be subject to the duties designated from timo to time by
the exocutive committee. Furthermore, the committee on probation
and parole shall function as the committee on discharged convicts
fm the constitution, and the committee on prison admin-
istration shall funotion as the committee on prison discipline men-
Honed in the constitution.
‘The duties of the above named committees, not otherwise pro-
vided for in the constitution or by-laws, are as follows
Te shall be the duty of the committee on detentions to inquire as
far as may be practicable or necessary into the causes of commit-
ment of persons held in institutions of tho Department of Correction
of the City of New York, and, when deemed desirable, to adopt
The postion of Asscisto Treasurer was created by the Executive Com-
amtoe sts mostng tn May, 1081 ad
us
_
2 mtn in
chaos edt ce caw ee he
ig
sr en fn lb ng wth
Jas
Te ewan fd
inc Tecan Pe themrot n
i eee a ler ene
os ean ere a aromas ot
mo
scadarmnet an ge
Endowment and General Funds the endowmest a 5
eet Stee he mmetate Seton sod cone the
cal apes Roan: end al unestnent of he extowment fund
Sart sic af which the teers sal bea
Suber and chen
Se rcs bulging to the axon shall be kept in cs
to oe of tition local bythe members of Ue
Soest on fsnee ta acear aed
ee Sve ems may in heir een daw upon sud
pelt ft omen fun sav useicted, forthe general
Prous of the Asooaton
9
The Gm andthe tn pe ta sire
soe fata Sen er Sg
sore Tater eee nn
Et a Oe ceded Pee a
Ts al sty be renga tne:
LASS eS eae ee
soubor atta a Geaecaee nee
The camping onl pa ings
ote snc a em als ee
yee pin irs org ae
SoBe accent aaa
senda ake nls aa es
peepee
Boeri al tw i seg gin
epic ta aee ae aes
See Te SA ra deta ace
Th ering wort hl pS wat he
Scie meee eee aa
Pm tea
os cs al i i ti
wane Dicer aia rt ie
A be png te ss enti
gal ans Caen elena sae pret te renee
tohteecy elt no eaten
Siena torah asl glee meee
Sas eee
