Colorado, G-J, 1886-1994, Undated

AE

GLOVER, Jeff, white, hanged at Hughes, Colorado, on November 9, 1868.

EXCEPT WHERE OTHERWISE CREDITED,
PHOTOS COURTS” DF AUTHOR.
Hooray Hat Lice

ol
Jeti Glover

They Waited Unitl The Photographer Was Ready Before They
Strung Up The “Colorado Land Hog’’s by Dean Loveland

Rolly Yates and his redhead wife,
Lucy, were stretching up a chicken
fence on the quarter section Rolly had
homesteaded in the South Platte
bottomlands north of Denver. ‘“‘Here
comes that land hog again,” Lucy
muttered, looking toward the Valley
Trail which was a little east of their
spread.

“He brought trouble with him this
time,’ Rolly said, observing that the
land hog, Jeff Glover, had six men
with him and they looked like a mean
bunch.

“Maybe we better git while the
gittin’s good,’ Lucy said uneasily.
“This place ain’t going to do us a
particle of good if we’re buried on it.”

Rolly’s face got grim. “I ain’t
budging!”’

Glover and his crowd rode up.
Grover didn’t beat around the bush.
“T’m giving you one last chance,” the
47-year old dude-dressed man said, .
looking down from his Palamino at the
little homesteader and his attractive
wife. ‘“‘A hundred dollars lock stock
and barrel.”’

“‘No, sir, Mr. Glover,’’ Rolly said,
“TI ain’t selling out. And if I was, a
hundred dollars ain’t even close to a
decent price.’’ He and Lucy intended
to raise a family on this land, he
added.

Glover’s lips became tight. He had
recruited 37 saloon trash to homestead
here in the rich South Platte valley
with the idea of whiskeying the land
back from them after they proved it.
He hadn’t figured on this goldfield-
busted barfly straightening up and
then sending back to Iowa for his wife.

There was always somebody
dropping a cat in the well. But he had
no intention of letting this little sod-
buster get away with it. Rolly’s claim
was in the middle of the 37 spreads.
Glover wanted to combine all of them
into a single cattle feeding spread, not

Marshall Omar Federson,
standing with gun on opposite
page, waited until the photo-
grapher was set up before he
'd his deputies to begin

"’s strangulation-

tion. Right is Sam
Arvidson, one of Glover’s men
who turned him in.

Jeff Glover financed his greedy }
land grab from profits of a
chain of fresh-meat shops in
Denver and surrounding
mining camps.

Pix,

WESTERNER/March-April, 1973

8


GLOVER, Jeff, white, hanged at Hughes, Colorado, on November 9, 1868,

EXCEPT WHERE OTHERWISE CREDITED,
PHOTOS COURTESY OF AUTHOR.
i

They Waited Unitl The Photographer Was Ready Before They
Strung Up The ‘‘Colorado Land Hog’’s by Dean Loveland

Rolly Yates and his redhead wife,
Lucy, were stretching up a chicken
fence on the quarter section Rolly had
homesteaded in the South Platte
bottomlands north of Denver. ‘‘Here
comes that land hog again,’ Lucy
muttered, looking toward the Valley
Trail which was a little east of their
spread.

“He brought trouble with him this
time,’’ Rolly said, observing that the
land hog, Jeff Glover, had six men
with him and they looked like a mean
bunch.

“Maybe we better git while the
gittin’s good,’ Lucy said uneasily.
“This place ain’t going to do us a
particle of good if we’re buried on it.”

Rolly’s face got grim. “I ain’t
budging!”’

Glover and his crowd rode up.
Grover didn’t beat around the bush.
“I’m giving you one last chance,” the
47-year old dude-dressed man said, .
looking down from his Palamino at the
little homesteader and his attractive
wife. ‘‘A hundred dollars lock stock
and barrel.”

“No, sir, Mr. Glover,’”’ Rolly said,
“TI ain’t selling out. And if I was, a
hundred dollars ain’t even close to a
decent price.’’ He and Lucy intended
to raise a family on this land, he
added.

Glover’s lips became tight. He had
recruited 37 saloon trash to homestead
here in the rich South Platte valley
with the idea of whiskeying the land
back from them after they proved it.
He hadn’t figured on this goldfield-
busted barfly straightening up and
then sending back to Iowa for his wife.

There was always somebody
dropping a cat in the well. But he had

no intention of letting this little sod-
buster get away with it. Rolly’s claim
was in the middle of the 37 spreads.
Glover wanted to combine all of them
into a single cattle feeding spread, not

Marshall Omar Federson,
standing with gun on opposite
page, waited until the photo-
grapher was set up before he
Oggmered his deputies to begin

r’s strangulation-
ex@eution. Right is Sam
Arvidson, one of Glover's men
who turned him in.

Jeff Glover financed his greedy
land grab from profits of a
chain of fresh-meat shops in
Denver and surrounding
mining camps.

8 WESTERNER/March-April, 1973


&
Q
2

ic L,

&

2°Denver Publ

rth

Photo couretsy o

SERIT ARV ETT Foy


Pinsent de

GRAHAM, John G., white, asphyx. Colo.

Like a flaming meteor, the giant airliner expl

. could have plotted

pene was a sudden burst of light in the star-studded
Colorado sky. Orange and red flames formed a bright ball
like the blistering sun that had just gone down behind the
Rockies. The blaze spread and hung in the cold night air for
minutes, while multicolored streaks fell away, comet-like,
plummeting toward the earth more than a mile below.

The time was 7:03 p.m., Tuesday, November 1, 1955; ground
temperature 36 degrees; ceiling unlimited, visibility good.

On the ground, Bud Lang, 20, was tinkering with his car
in a back yard shed on his folks’ farm—eight miles east of
Longmont, Colorado. Attracted by the awesome spectacle in
the sky, he rushed outside and stared at the frightening thing
high above. Heavy objects began to plow into the beet field
close by.

The young man’s mother ran from the house. “Bud, what
has happened?” Before he could answer, bits of metal began
to shower around the mother and son.

“I think an airplane exploded!” Bud exclaimed.

Lang was right. United Airlines Flight 629, a giant four-
engine DC-6B, en route from Denver to Portland, Oregon, had
blown apart. The 39 passengers and five crew members fell
to earth with the wreckage. The 44 trapped victims never had
a chance.

Kenneth Hopp, 22, also witnessed the explosion from a
neighboring farm. He jumped into his car and rushed to

(Denver

2 #39

murder |

An official points to cargo hold where bomb was placed.
FBI got clue when powder burn traces were found here.


Just 18 minutes ‘after its take-off, the majestic DC-6B *
* disintegrated, ‘spewing its’ passengers’ and wreckage ‘to
earthy The 44 victimg never had. the: ghost ofa, chance.

Three who perished, 1. to r.: flight stewardesses Jacqueline Hinds, Peggy Peddicord, and passenger Daisy E: King.
Mrs. King’s son had a premonition of her death after he put her on the ill-fated plane. His story interested police.


ATR Naty
PRN it ea gy

Accused youth, third from right, peers at Judge James
Nolan during hearing in court. District Attorney Bert
Keating, right, declared he would seek death penalty.
Below, prisoner’s wife refuses to believe him guilty.

where the heaviest pieces had fallen. He was there within
seconds after the impact, and was quickly joined by Harold
Heil, another neighbor. Bodies and debris were strewn across
almost two miles of beet field and pasture. There were no
cries or whimpers from the grotesquely twisted figures.

In the dark, Hopp and Heil found two bodies. Each corpse
was beside a hole at least a foot deep made by the body’s
own impact. The two men covered these remains and waited
for help.

The explosion was seen and heard 12 miles away by Fort
Lupton Fire Chief Donald McPherson. McPherson quickly
called the Colorado State Patrol, and he rushed to the ‘scene
with a portable light plant.

Even as far as 35 miles to the south, in the Stapleton Field
control tower at Denver, the operators saw the bright, hang-
ing fire in the sky. Just 18 minutes before, they had cleared
Captain L. H. Hall in United Flight 629 off the runway. In
shocked silence the control tower personnel suspected the
worst. Quickly they spread the alarm. ;

United Airlines broadcast the company’s emergency signal
across the country, and within minutes President William A.
Patterson was talking with the Denver tower operators by
telephone. He ordered his company technicians to. get him
telephone contact directly into the rescue area. It was the
second major crash with which the short, dynamic airline
official had been faced within a month in the Mile High
City area.

With amazing speed disaster crews funneled from Denver
into the Longmont section. Twelve state patrol cars con-
verged on the crash scene, led by Chief Gilbert Carrel. Every
available United Airline employe was rushed north. A score
of local officers from Weld County, over which the explosion
had occurred, converged on the Lang farm. Both Lowry Air
Base and the Air National Guard mobilized air rescue squads
and rushed them to the territory.

It so happened that Denver at this time was loaded with
Civil Aeronautics Authority experts. These technicians had


arrived in the city to attend official hearings on the largest
airline disaster in domestic history. This earlier disaster had
occurred just three weeks and three days before in the
Medicine Bow Mountains of Southern Wyoming. Sixty-six
persons had lost their lives when a United DC-4 plowed into
the top of a peak, and the CAA experts were still trying to
determine the cause of the catastrophe.

So it was that Jack Parshall, regional crash investigator
for the Civil Aeronautics Board, happened to be available to
take immediate charge of the tragedy near Longmont..Par-
shall had been an investigator since the CAB was formed
in 1939, and his aviation experience goes back to World War I.

Within two hours, the rescue workers had swelled to a
small army. An Air Force helicopter hovered over the scene,
its floodlights illuminating the terrain. Bodies were searched
out and covered with white tarpaulins. Father Francis
Kappes of Loveland walked through the macabre scene,
praying for the dead. The four engines of the plane had
buried themselves ten feet into the frozen earth and were
still burning, sending trails of smoke across the eerie scene.

The National Guard Armory at Greeley was set up as a
temporary morgue. An ambulance corps was organized, and
the victims were taken there as soon as they were found.

At daylight, United Airlines crews sheared and pulled
apart the largest piece remaining of the main fuselage so
that the last of the bodies could be removed. One taken out
was the doll-sized form of James Fitzpatrick II of Batavia,
New York, 14 months old, who died in his mother’s arms as
he journeyed for the first time to see his father, stationed
on Okinawa.

By 8 a.m., the last of the corpses was placed in an ambu-
lance and carried away to Greeley, where identification ex-
perts furnished by the FBI worked without sleep.

United Airlines president Patterson, meanwhile, had been
receiving, over a field telephone set up at the Lang farm,

Below, so tremendous was force of mid-air explosion
that tail section landed two miles from rest of wreck.
Right, top, airline trip insurance vending machine of
type from which accused bought $37,500 in policies.
Bottom, experts reconstructed plane during investigation.

a word description of the work going on. He was informed
that the airliner had been practically new. She had had only
150 flight hours out of the shop after a major overhaul. No
malfunctions had been reported by previous pilots.

An executive on the scene reported: “The heater pipes up
forward in the plane are still shiny and new. The door of
cargo pit No. 4—still locked—was blown right out of the
ship. Some of the boys found a white film of powder on
various parts of the cargo section. The baggage was blown
to hell.”

The aviation industry practically quivered at the news of
this strange explosion and crash. The very top men of the
CAA left Washington immediately for Denver. “This one has
us worried,” a spokesman stated.

Fred B. Lee, the Civil Aeronautics Administrator himself,
arrived in Denver on Wednesday evening, accompanied by
W. H. Weeks, chief of the aircraft safety division, and James
N. Peyton, chief of the CAB investigation division, At the
request of the aviation authorities the FBI also sent in a
laboratory expert versed in aviation.

It was obvious from the first that the several thousand
gallons of gasoline had ignited in the air and had burned in
a prolonged ball of flame. But there seemed absolutely no
explanation for the explosion which had started the fire. The
minds of the most hardened investigators recoiled from the
idea that a bomb had been deliberately placed aboard the
airliner.

No similar case existed in the history of United States
aviation: only in Canada was there a precedent occurrence.
On September 9, 1949, a Canadian Pacific Airlines DC-3
exploded 40 miles from Quebec, killing all'23 persons aboard.
J. Albert Guay, whose wife was on board the plane, and two
of his accomplices were hanged for placing a bomb on the
ship.

In the present case, however, [Continued on page 74]


* HAMMIL,

Illinois. Im January of
onvicted for the 1951
iggins, a tavern owner -
trooper. Decatur police

his Pekin, Ill., barber
. 1960, after receiving
mplicating him in the
che tavern owner after

1p. Bartley was con- |

life sentence. During
2ar-old barber denied
the crime. His convic-
hen a witness testified
Bartley say “I killed
I can do it again.”
1eld this information
se her life had been
attorney recently filed
Supreme Court. The
te had not yet been

Gonzales, the
zed the West
Jy Months, and

-r-«t, 1961, murder of -

” (Crazy Tony Was
‘AGE, 1962), was de-
urt psychiatrist. Fer-
't when Gonzales at-
the street near the
uth was captured by
onth search. During
about-face, Gonzales
charges against him,
’s murder, and was
years in prison. It is
1 behavior, the youth
out 17 years, officials
proceedings a crude
1 in the belt of Gon-
nsisted of a jagged
netal window handle,
i¢ had found in the
1 had used to scratch
jail wall.

: former police lieu-
1 fame to notoriety
se kidnap case (Man
inuary, FRONT PAGE,
tis, Mo., at the age
a heart attack. In
ed Carl Austin Hall
ady, who abducted
1 received $600,000
’’s father, a wealthy
ler. The pair was
murder, and only
1 money was found
ilders was allegedly
a two-year prison
at happened to the
~ Since his release

1 lived a se-

.ded guilty to

es hte,
a Mr

Walter Joseph,

wh, gassed COS (Denver) May 25,

1962

pes

the murder of 17-year-old waitress Mary
Lily Roberts, of ‘Carbondale, Ill., and. was
sentenced to 150 years in prison on the
charge, has appealed to the Illinois Su-
preme Court for a new trial on grounds
of insanity. Milani made his guilty plea
after a fellow inmate at Fort Leaven-
worth, Kan., testified that the defendant

. told him how he killed the. girl after
‘ wounding her. fiance and abducting her

from the parking area of a national wild-

life refuge (The Kidnap-Murder of Mary

Lily Roberts, December FRONT. PAGE,
1960). With his appeal for a new trial,
Milani said he had no recollection of slay-

ing Miss Roberts, and claimed that he

pleaded guilty under duress, threats, and

'. coercion of court-appointed attorneys. His

insanity plea is allegedly based on his
record of restraining jackets and psychiatric
examinations while he was confined to
Menard State Penitentiary. Milani is serv-
ing a 40-year sentence at Alcatraz for the

- shooting and robbing of Miss Roberts’’

fiance,

Julian Price Webster, who, after: his
arrest last December, said “if I don’t get
the electric chair there just ain’t-no justice
in the United. States,” was sentenced to
death in the electric “chair, by. a Wichita
Falls, Tex., jury, for the slaying of Bird
Robertson, 52, of Vernon, Tex., (My
Murder List Went Blooey, March FRONT
PAGE, 1962). The jury’s decision ‘was

_ reached after one hour and 15 minutes of

deliberation, and was. the first death sen-

* tence passed in Wichita County in at least

wan

éleven years. ‘Despite Webster’s earlier
desire for, execution, the defense counsel
based its plea on temporary insanity due
to the use of alcohol and drugs. The de-
fendant had admitted Robertson’s murder,
as well as the slaying of Mrs. Helen Best
at her home earlier that day. He claimed
that he and Mrs. Best had a suicide pact.

Walter Hammill, 31-year-old circus ani-
mal trainer, convicted three years ago of the
strangling of 11-year-old Lester G. Brown
of Denver, Colo., after promising the. boy
an elephant ride (J Dug His Little Grave
Near the Elephant Barn, December FRONT
PAGE, 1958), met his death in the gas cham.
ber at Canon City. Shortly before the
execution, Hammill requested. that after
death his eyes be used to give sight. to
the blind. His request was followed, and
there is a possibility that. his eyes will be
used in corneal transplants.

Bill Dingus, 67, and his son Arthur
Dingus, 35, were found guilty of murder
in the gun‘slaying of Scott. County Con-
stable Alvin Jeffers last February near the
elder Dingus’ Tennessee mountain home.
Each of the defendants ;was sentenced to.a
21-year prison term. They were scheduled
to be tried on July 9 for murder in the
death of Deputy Levi Harness. Jeffers and
Harness were fatally shot when they went
out to Bill Dingus’ home, accompanied: by
several other officers,: to arrest Arthur
Dingus on a charge of. non-support of his
first two wives (Dingus & Dad & Death,
June FRONT PAGE, 1962).

Howard Stickney, convicted in 1958 of
killing Mrs. Shirley Barnes in her Houston,
Tex., home (Case of the Missing Type O,
September FRONT PAGE, 1958), died in the
electric chair at the Huntsville, Tex., prison
on May 23. For twenty-five minutes ‘earlier,
his attorneys tried desperately to obtain
a stay of execution from various federal
and state judges, but their efforts were
futile. Had they been successful, it- would
have been the 16th postponement. Stickney
was in Death Row for three years.

Charles .Ganss, 17, was convicted and
condemned to: death by a Butler County,
Pa., jury, for the arson murder of Mrs.
Pauline Ritter, in her Cabot, Pa., home
last January (Sift the Embers for Mrs.
Ritter, May FRONT PAGE, 1962). Ganss and
another youth entered the Ritter home on
the pretense of making a telephone -call,
and then pulled a stickup, threatening to
kill Mr. Ritter and set fire to the house
unless he handed over his money. Mrs.
Ritter was asleep in an upstairs bedroom,
and eventually was awakened by the sounds
of the struggle between her husband and
the two young men. Practically uncon-
‘scious from the beatings, Ritter was un-
able to control the fire that soon raged
through his home. He fled to a nearby
home, and an hour later, the youths were
apprehended by police. They confessed
to the robbery and arson, and said that they
had bound Mrs. Ritter hand and foot, put
her in a bedroom closet, and locked the
door, leaving no possibility for her escape,
even if she had regained consciousness.

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15


reward offered for Jesse’s killer. Although Bob
Ford had personal reasons for fearing Jesse, it was
later revealed that Ford had worked secretly with
a detective agency out of Kansas City, and was out
to get Jesse in order to break up the gang. However,
it was later learned that Bob Ford had been paid
very little of the reward money. Proof of this is
that although Ford had been jailed for the James

killing, he was tried by Governor Crittenden of Mis- ;

souri and finally given a full pardon.

“As for Soapy Smith, he met his Waterloo sev-
eral years later at Skagway, Alaska. When the citi-
zens of the town realized that Soapy, through his
saloons, gambling joints and dancehall girls, was
running the town, the citizens, headed by Frank
Reid, formed a ‘Citizen’s Committee’ to put an end
to Soapy and his gang.

“On this evening the ‘Committee’ met on the dock,
planning what steps to take. When Soapy and his
gang showed up the argument waxed hot. It ended
when Reid and Soapy, pulling their Colts, fired
simultaneously. Soapy lay dying and Frank Reid
died of his wounds some days later. -

“There are two versions of this shooting: Old-
timers in Skagway claim that Soapy was shot by a

lookout from a nearby mountain and not by Frank
Reid whose gun had jammed.”

“Ironically, two men who had reason to hate each
other, Soapy Smith and Frank Reid lie buried in
old Pioneer’s Cemetery at the edge of Skagway—
Soapy’s grave the most photographed spot in town.

“But back to Creede,” said George. “It was there
that I happened to see the gun play between Joe
Palmer and the New Orleans Kid. As gamblers,
Faro and Wheel dealers, there had always been a
lot of jealousy between them; Palmer believing the
Kid was out to get his job. Anyway, on this partic-
ular day, I saw Palmer ,a crack-shot standing out-
side the door of Soapy Smith’s saloon when the Kid
came around the corner of an old log house in the
center of Main Street, some distance away. The Kid
pulled his gun and off came Palmer’s right hand
thumb. Palmer, quick as a wink, switched his gun
to his Jeft hand and the Kid’s next shot took off
the thumb of that hand. At the time of this shooting,
the Kid and Palmer were bitter enemies, yet, when
I saw them in 1908 at the funeral of Riley Grannan,
at Rawhide, Nevada, they appeared to be friendly

enough.”
g (continued on page 62)

Haw Tabor, former silver king, built the beautiful Tabor Opera House in Denver,

Colorado. (State Hist. Society of Denver)

- Frank James, brother of Jesse James,
was one of the colorful characters
George Walters met.


~

a
qi
sty
y
‘

| Met The Badmen Of The West

(continued from page 39)

“Now what about the girl situation in Creede at
that time?” I asked.

George smiled: “Since I was only a boy, I, per-.

sonally knew little of them, except what I heard
the men talk. Oh, yes, while working at Soapy’s sa-
loon with Father, I do recall one dancehall girl—
Myrtle Woods ,a wild young thing with quite a rep-
utation. From heresay, Lulu Slain, of whom it was
said she had ‘laid aside the camellia for the poppy,’

was also a pretty wild one. And there was Rose .

Vastine locally known as ‘Timberline’ and the Mor-
mon Queen. The men said that like others of their
ilk in town, some of them, who had found life too
tough to take it, ending it all by committing suicide.

“There was also a great to-do made over the first
baby born in Creede, a female born to the McDon-
alds. No doubt the fond parents had chosen a name
for the infant. However, that got nowhere. The
rugged miners, so delighted at having a baby in
town, were always popping in and out to take a
peak at it, and showering both the parents and
child with expensive gifts. Things didn’t look so
good when the miners suggested naming the infant
Creede Amethyst. There must have been reluctance
on the parents’ part, but how could they refuse to

* comply with the request when Nicholas Creede,

himself, presented the baby with a hundred dollars
worth of fancy toys, rings and earrings to match
and then, for good measure tossed in the Daisy
Mine—a rich one near his own fabulous producer,

the Amethyst?”

George chuckled, adding another incident that
occurred at the graveside of one of the gamblers.
“In this instance, when this gambler passed on, his
friends, instead of having a regular funeral with

_preaching and flowers, gathered about the grave-

side holding hands in a circle and sang Auld Lang
Syne at the tops of their voices. Then to give the
departed a fitting send-off they toasted him not
with whiskey but with plenty of champagne! Noth-
ing was half-way done in Creede.” George ended
on a hearty laugh.

“As for the town, itself, fires and floods occurring ° i

periodically kept destroying sections of it. In 1892
a fire nearly destroyed Creede. These disasters were
most discouraging, yet the folks didn’t give up;
hastily they rebuilt and business went rocking along

at an even keel until 1895. Then another big fire a

raged through town and again it was rebuilt. We

‘had left when the big fire of 1935 just about de-

stroyed the business section of Creede. I guess this : i

was the end. I don’t suppose it was ever rebuilt.

“With continuous floods racing
straddling it, have been washed away ... Except
for assessment work being done by a few leasers
and the Emperius Mining Company, I suspect little
is going on in Creede today... But it’ll always stand
out as one of my boyhood’s fondest memories.”
George Walters ended on a sigh as I rose to leave
this charming old-timer who had been there when
some of the notorious badmen were still prowling
the West. O

Peet epee Na
‘ wl i lia iad

“Four Legged, Spotted Lightning”
(continued from page 60)

wheeled their horses about and rode away. They
had not been out-fought, nor out-ridden—they’d sim-
ply been out-numbered! Then, to avoid (if possible)
further bloodshed, the Nez Perce reined their horses
toward the Bitterroot Mountains (Idaho).

It should have. been a physical impossibility for

these battle-weary steeds to cross Bitterroot’s Lolo

Pass while packing riders and gear. Ahead lay rough
country, dense forests and a:‘mountain trail which
rose to an elevation of 7200 feet. A mountain trail

so narrow that one misstep could plunge horse and .
Yider to a horrible death in the dark canyons below.

In many places, fallen trees blocked the way. A_
nightmare of cold, torrential rains kept the ground
oozing with mud. i

Despite the murderous terrain and terrible weath-
er, the Appaloosa completed his 250 miles of hard-
ship!

In retrospect, the flight across the Bitterroot
Mountains should have earned the Nez Perce their
freedom, and ended the Appaloosa’s devotion to duty.
If was not to be. The Nez Perce were forced to con-
tinue their ea The BDBalodss still had much

to endure. eae

down Willow
Creek most of the buildings on its banks, and those -

For 3’ months and 1300 miles, the spotted breed S.
gave his unbelievable contribution of courage and -

endurance that pitted him against 10 separate U.S.

Cavalry Commands in 3 battles and skirmishes! His =
trail of valor went over the Rockies, down to Yel- ©

lowstone, and back to Montana. His misery was
made more painful by short rations and little rest.
Yet, he averaged 16 miles a day, packing the wound-

ed, the warriors, the women and childr en, and tribal
woods:

However, all men and horses have their breaking

point. On October 5, 1877, in the shadow of the Bear
Paw Mountains, the Nez Perce and the Appaloosa
went down.

The defeated Indians were banished to the un-
happiness of a reservation. Their 1100 horses were
confiscated and sold to the white man.

In a short time, all the fine qualities that the Nez
Perce had bred into his spotted horse of valor was
indiscriminately bred out.

Paradoxically, it was the white man, too, who

eventually selectively bred the Appaloosa back hee

its rightful and proud heritage.
Perhaps, this proves one thing: the love of a man

for his horse comes from the heart; it has nothing — i i

aa eae

_to do with race, creed or color! a ke


Oh eer gr op oy : oe ce es"

| Met The Batmen Of The West

- ladies, riff-raff or every description. Day and night

hurrying humanity elbowed its way up and down

‘the narrow streets; Main Street said to be not much

‘straighter than a corkscrew.’ '

“Since there was only one Sheriff checking
around town during the day but not at night, na-
turally ,there was no law or order. Then the citi-
zens raised as much hell as they pleased. I guess,
as some fellow put it, ‘it was day all day in the day-
time and there was no night in Creede,’ and all the
men packed guns of some kind or another, ready to
use them at the drop of a hat; the rough element
did raise hell.

“Creede, at that time one of the most fabulous
silver camps in the West, was a place where any-
thing could and did happen. Like all boys, I was
out looking for adventure, but I didn’t anticipate
that it would be here that I’d run across several of
the outlaws of that day; the New Orleans Kid, Joe
Palmer, Edward O’Kelly — a former member of
Jesse James gang, Bob and Charley Ford and again
that slicker Soapy Smith.

“T was then around eleven years old and a steady
helper on Father’s building jobs. That’s how I saw
Soapy again. He owned the most impressive place
in camp; ‘Soapy Smith’s Saloon and Dancehall.’
The saloon bar was twenty feet long. The dancehall
also had a bar, with boxes along one wall where the

‘girls could entertain their customers. Soapy had a

dozen or more girls working for him at this time.

“Although Father,” George added with a grin,
“wasn’t a gambling man, he knew Soapy very well.
Father was better known as ‘a good drinking man’

and the luckiest in the world. He was jolly and well —

liked because he could carry his liquor. His friends
all said that he could have been President if he
hadn’t liked his booze too much.

“Anyway, it so happened that when Soapy needed
carpenter work done, he always gave Father the
job, and that’s how I happened to be in Soapy’ S Sa-
loon when Bob Ford got shot.

“On this morning of 1892, Father, hanging some
doors at the back end of the front bar, sent me to
his shop across the street to bring back some but-
terfly hinges. When I returned with them some fel-
lows were drinking at the bar, among them Bob
Ford who had killed Jesse James in 1882. Bob and
his brother, Charlie, were standing about the mid-
dle of the bar. Bob, wearing a heavy black beard,

looked pretty dazed and not too neat—he and his_

brother had been on-a-prolonged drinking spree—
when ‘a strange fellow—I heard later was Edward
O’Kelly, paused outside the door pointing a shotgun
at Bob Ford and said, ‘Turn around, you sonofabith!
I’ve come for you.’ Bob half turned around just as
O’Kelly pulled the trigger and let loose both bar-
rels. Everybody scattered but Father who pushed
me back of the bar where we stayed. It all happened
so quick that Bob hadn’t a chance. With his jaw
and neck peppered with buckshot, Bob slumped to

38. fit sh st a Pied cede ee et

That shotgun looked as big as a cannon and sounded
louder! Father and I stayed until the Sheriff came,
arrested O’Kelly, and took Bob to the undertakers.’
Bob’s buried on a hillside at the edge of Creede.”

George, silent a moment, continued. ‘‘There are
several versions of what instigated this killing (like
the one that claims Bob Ford had a saloon in Gin-
town, which he didn’t. That rumor got started be-
cause Ford hung out at Soapy Smith’s so much that
folks probably thought he owned this one). One
version of this shooting claims—and the most likely
one believed by the folks in Creede—that O’Kelly
had it in for Bob and Charlie, because of a gambling
spree in Creede the night before the killing, when
the Ford boys ran out of money and held up several
men on the street to get it. Unfortunately, O’Kelly
was among them and told Bob at the time that he
was making a big mistake and he would get him for
it. He did.

“One version says it was over a woman, another
that since O’Kelly had been one of the James gang,
this was purely a revenge killing, a grudge that had
been smouldering since Jesse had been shot; claim-
ing that Bob Ford had been paid most of the $10,000

the floor and lay there dying. I was scared to death. ;

Denver, Colorado in the 1880s. (Colorado Hist. Society)

Heavy Bearded Soapy Smith, with hand on bar, at his saloon
in Skagway: (Photo courtesy Mrs. G. Rapuzzi)


JONLO,

NEW YORK, N. ¥—Waxey Gordon,
wealthy beer baron, was found guilty by a
Federal jury here today on a charge 0
income tax evasion, and was sentenced to
ten vears’ imprisonment and a fine of
$80,000.

EL PASO, Texas—A_ freshly-washed
electric iron may be the means of identi-
fying the murderer of Mrs. Irene Die-
bolt, Cleveland widow, whose body was
found near Van Horn, Texas, on Novem-
ber 7th. The iron left behind in a camp
eabin by a man who apparently had left
in a hurry was tested in an El Paso labor-
atory, and in a crack which had not been
cleaned out by the washing, hum d
was_discoverg

CANON CITY, Coto—Walter Jones,
the last murderer to be executed by Colo-
rado’s strange hanging machine, will die
tonight. Lethal gas has replaced hanging
in this State but Jones, sentenced before
the new law was enacted, must die by the
old means. Hanging, as it has been prac-
ticed here, is said to be the most in-
human method of execution used in any
State, the condemned being tossed into
the air at the end of a rope.

SAN QUENTIN PRISON, Caur—
Execution of David A. Lamson, convic-
ted of killing his wife, was postponed
indefinitely today by receipt of formal
notification that an appeal would be filed.
Lamson was under sentence to hang on
December 15th. (The story of his crime
was told in February True Derecrive
under the title, “The Nude Corpse in, the
Tub.”)

DECEMBER 4

WASHINGTON, D. C—The United
States Supreme Court today ordered
John (“Jake the Barber’) Factor re-
iurned to England to face trial on stock
fraud charges. Factor is accused of
having mulcted British citizens of some
$7,000,000 by fraudulent stock schemes of
a nature which would be within the law in
this country.

QUINCY, Mass.—A gung of five bank
bandits today robbed the Wollaston
Branch of the Quincy Trust Company and
escaped with $20,000 after beating a cus-
tomer and terrorizing employees.

DECEMBER 5

YONKERS, N. Y.—While Waxey Gor-
don was serving notice of appeal, the
mutilated body of a man believed to be
one of his henchmen, was found here, near
the home of one of the jurors who helped
to convict him. A policeman discovered
the trussed, slashed and bullet-ridden body
in a new Ford sedan, with headlights

glaring. Finger-prints identified the vic- .

tim as Anthony Russo, a gangster with
five convictions.

NEW YORK, N. Y—The youthful
gangster, Gerald Simonson, who slid over
the walls of the Tombs on a rope of bed-
sheets and wire on September 3rd, was
dragged from beneath the bed of his
sweetheart yesterday by detectives, who
smashed in the door of her apartment.

DECEMBER 6

LOS ANGELES, Caurr—Clubbed over
the head and shot, the body of Dr. Dewey
Whightman, 48, wealthy and _ socially
prominent. physician, was found today in
his palatial home. A small rifle, apparently
the death instrument, lay beside th
with the stock smashed.

DECATUR, Ata—Clarence Norris, the
second of the Negro defendants to be re-

ce body:

True Detective Mysteries

tried in the Scottsboro case, was convicted
by a jury here today. The jury fixed the
penalty at death, the same as in the case
of Haywood Patterson, the first to be
convicted. Both defendants, protesting
their innocence, were sentenced to die on
February 2nd. Appeals will stay the
executions.

DURHAM, N. C.—Kidnapping on a
small scale was practiced by a sixteen-year-
old boy, when he abducted a pet dog and
attempted to extort $5.00 from its owner.
After the dog vanished, a note was found
directing the owner to place $5.00 in a
tin can behind a certain billboard. He
did so, and the boy was arrested. He led
his captors to the tethered dog.

age here. The raid followed the arrest
f two men, said to be members of a
ation-wide counterfeiting gang. One of
‘hese men, William E. Davis, said to be
henchman of Al Capone, was seized in
his automobile with $30,000 in counterfeit
money.

DECEMBER 7

BROOKLYN, N. Y.—Salvatore Papania,
thirteen, seeking his mother, questioned his
father, who professed not to know where
she was. Later the boy heard moaning
in the cellar and investigated. In a closct
he found his mother, unconscious and
stabbed many times. He ran _ upstairs
again but his father was gone. Neigh-
bors called police. Mrs. Papania died
some hours later. A general order was
issued for the arrest of Papania.

ATLANTA, Ga.—John Stevens, 32-year-
old recluse, who tried to end the suffering
of his aunt, who was seriously ill, by striking
her, was today exonerated by a coroner’s
jury of having caused her death. Doctors
attributed it to cancer, rather than to the
blow he struck her.

DECEMBER 8

BOSTON, Mass.—The longest special
police guard in Boston’s history, a guard
that has been maintained over the home
of Frederick C. Kutsmann, former As-
sistant District Attorney of Norfolk
County, ever'since the execution of Nicola
Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti six years
ago, was ended today. Two policemen in
separate shifts have guarded the home
every night since August 23rd, 1927.

SAN QUENTIN, Cauir.—Claude Forbes,
25, who pleaded guilty to murdering Harry
Nelson, Alameda County official, in a con-
spiracy with the latter’s wife, was hanged
here today. He refused to take a drink
of whisky which was offered to him as a
possible means of easing his drop to death.
“T didn’t drink before, and I won’t start
now,” he said.

: Kansas City, Mo.—Clarence Click, 27,
whose house was rented to Walter Mc-
Gee, and used for the kidnapping of Miss
Maty McElroy, was today convicted by
a jury who fixed his penalty at eight
— in prison. Click claimed he had
een terrorized by McGee and that he
did not know the house was to be used
for a kidnapping prison. (The story of
Miss MéElroy’s abduction was started in
the November, 1933, issue of True De-
TECTIVE.)
DECEMBER 9

WELFARE ISLAND, N. Y.—After six-
teen rebellious convicls hfhd barricaded
themselves in a dormitory for three days
and nights, the revolt was quelled by
Joseph I. Fishman, Deputy Commissioner

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Walter, white, hanged Colorado (Mesa County ) on December 1, 1953

winder tb deere

a a a

ee na nse Kins slancaesecs

Se aE Me

NWeniise

MAKCH / 93Lf

No appeal,
JOHNSON, Joseph, white, hanged at Colorado State Prison (Las Animas) on Sept, 13, 1905,

"Trinidad, Colorado, April 8, 1905 = John E, Fox, former county treasurer of Las Animas
county and one of thebest-known politicans in Colorado, was shot from behind this afternoon
at the post office by Joseph Johnson, a Republican deputy sheriff, who was bodyguard for
State Senator Barela during the late campaign. The shooting is said to have been unprovoked
and aroused the most intense excitement. A mob of 500 men quickly formed and started to
march to the county jail to lynch Johnson, Sheriff Davis and a posse headed the mob off at
the court house, At h:30 Johnson, under a special guard, was placed on a train and hurried
out of the county, to Pueblo or Wilsenburg. The trouble bwtween the 2 men arose over the
fact that Johnson wanted to appointed a deputy to go to California to bring back Vidal
Shobolo, a former clerk in Fox's office, who is accused of being $10,000 short in his
accounts, Fox's accounts were found to be perfectly straight. Johnson resented Fox's
interference with his plans and threatened to kill him if he did not desist. That afternoon
noon he met Fox and, without a word of warning, shot him dead," TIMES HERALD, Dallas, Texey
April 9, 1905 (1/1)

JOYCE, James T., white, hanged Colorado (Arapahoe) 1-17-1891.

cn z
|

DIVISION OF ARCHIVES AND PUBLIC REC

STATE OF COLORADO

Richard D. Lamm
Governor

E. Robert Turner
ch 8 9 1985 Executive Director

George E. Warren
State Archivist

Ronald C. Van Raalte
P. 0. Box 584
Arlington Heights, IL 60006

Dear Mr. Van Raalte:

In reference to your inquiry concerning the execution of James

T. Joyce, I obtained the information from a reference listing

of Colorado Executions which I believe was compiled by Mr. Maiden.
However, I misread the listing and took it to mean that both
Sheriff Barton and John Snooks were murdered by James Joyce.
Instead only Snooks was killed by Joyce and Barton was apparently
the arresting officer. To verify this, I am enclosing a copy

of the charges and verdict from the Arapahoe County District Court
case file regarding Joyce.

I am unable to find any information on Charles Wilcox. Our listings
of U.S. Marshals do not include deputies and I am unable to locate
Arapahoe County (Denver) Sheriffs' records dating back to 1875.

Hopefully, this information will prove to be helpful. If you have
any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Sincerely,

George E. Warren
State Archivist

oy wt
Lee, 7a pe OE L

Karen L. Zoltenka’ :
Staff Archivist

GEW/KLZ/pt

Search No. 85-3699

er:
STATE OF COLORADO, bss

COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE.

In the District Court of the Second Judicial District of the State of Colorado, |

within and for the County of Arapahoe aforesaid, of the......sepiember
Term thereof, A. D. 189.0.

The Grand Jurors chosen, selected and sworn, within and for the County of
Arapahoe, in the name and by the authority of the people of the State of Colorado,
wpon their oaths, present:

That ...James...1.Jovee., ene orci

late of the County of Arapahoe aforesaid, on,

to-wit, the_Fourth..._. day of..July., tn the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and. NAD ty, | in the County of

Arapahoe aforesaid, in the State of Colorado,....did_feloniously, wilfully, de-
liderately, with premeditation, and of his malice aforethought, kill
and aay one John Snooks; contrary to the form of the statute in
Such case made and provided, and against the peace and dignity of the

People of: the State of Colorado.


eens ie OE a

agreed to track down the killer. For ten days he hunted Gordon
along the South Platte River. Clues led Middaugh to Leaven-
worth, Kansas, where he was appointed a deputy U.S. marshal.
Along with another deputy, he set out to find his man.

Denver. The man who promised to deliver the letter accidentally
met Middaugh. It was this type of lead that Middaugh so
desperately needed, and it was in this way he learned his man
was hiding at Bent’s Fort.

. Before Middaugh could reach the fort, however, Gordon
Jomed a forty-team wagon convoy and headed south for ‘Texas,
At the fort, Middaugh learned of Gordon's destination, and he
and the other deputy took off after the convoy. The two law
officers caught up with the Wagon train and learned a man
meecung Gordon's description had ridden off on his own for
Fort Gibson, Subsequently, Gordon had joined four other men
lo travel safely through the Cherokee country of Oklahoma.

The two deputies purchased a fresh team for their light
wagon. They traced Gordon to a small town where they found
that they were only a day behind him. By asking everyone they
met about him, they learned from a farmer that Gordon was
now only a half hour ahead of them.

While riding down a wagon road, the deputies came upon a

man was Gordon. Middaugh disarmed Gordon and recovered a
Colt .44-caliber revolver as well as a derringer. Jim Gordon,
having thought he had made a clean Sclaway, was visibly
shaken at having been captured.

At the nearest blacksmith shop, Gordon was fitted with irons.
Instead of heading diagonally back across Colorado to Denver,
Middaugh took his prisoner to Leavenworth. What the newly
appointed deputy marshal could not have foreseen was that
Kansas authorities would raise legal technicalities over return-
Ing the fugitive to Denver. Middaugh also could not have

There were many German settlers in Leavenworth, and some
had known Jacob Gantz. His reputation as a quiet, hard-
working man who was brutually murdered by James Gordon

¢ - °

Middaugh’s prisoner. The mob surrounded the courthouse in
which legal points as to who had jurisdiction over the Gordon
case were being argued. The presiding judge decided in favor of
simply letting Gordon go free.

The fury of the mob outside grew in intensity, and a chorus
of “Hang him! Hang him!” echoed through the streets. Mayor
McDowell tried to calm the crowd from the balcony of the
courthouse and argued in favor of law and order. His words
were to no avail, and it was decided that Gordon should be
locked in jail for his own safety. McDowell was a courageous
manoand, in the face of insurmountable odds, organized an
IMpromptlu posse. Middaugh was one of its members. With
Gordon in the center, the posse fought tts way down the street
to the yal.

As mipht came, the crowd grew larger and more unruly,
Bontires were lit as peddlers hawked food. ‘The streets of
Leavenworth were alive with yelling men demanding the
hanging of James Gordon. An attack on the jail seemed
imminent, and McDowell again tried to appeal to the mob.

It was finally agreed that Gordon would be turned over to
Middaugh and taken to the Planter’s House, a hotel in town,
pending an adjustment of the earlier ruling to set the prisoner
free. The jailer was anxious to get Gordon out of the building.

Middaugh, the deputy, and a few other posse members began
to move the murderer to the hotel. The howling mob soon
closed in on the men, and twice a rope noose was thrown over
Gordon’s neck. Middaugh flung the rope off the first time, and
the deputy sawed the rope with a knife the second time, while
Gordon was on his knees. ‘The Sroup struggled against the mob
as they slowly made their way to the Planter’s House. Every
suitch of clothing was torn from the prisoner.2 Gordon was so
battered, bruised, and terrified that he begged again and again
to be shot on the spot. Fortunately, a group of soldiers came to
rescue the posse and their prisoner.

A second hearing took place. Much to Middaugh’s utter
amazement, local authorities refused to relinquish Gordon for
the trip back to Denver, but still held the murderer in jail. This
forced Middaugh to return empty handed. In Denver, the weary
marshal was welcomed as a hero for his persistence in trying to
extradite Gordon. More money was raised, and three witnesses
to the Gantz murder, along with affidavits detailing every aspect

James Gordon Brought to Justice / 2]

meter


the prairie. There were no
by the territory to impede human n

Jim Gordon was twenty-three
settled on a ranch a few miles north of Denver in 1860. The
as an engineer. He had
His charming smile was

sheriffs, judges, or courts appointed
ature or quick justice.

led as a rancher, but chose the turbulent, hurly-burly environ-

Denver’s rougher element.
On Wednesday evening, July 18, 1860, Gordon drank hard

Incident. With two companions, Jim Gordon wandered from
coming progressively more intoxi-
cated. At a place called the Elephant Corral, Gordon started an
argument with Big Phil. The mountain man shrugged off
Gordon and his friends, then strolled away. Angered at Big Phil
for walking off, Gordon whipped out his revolver and began
firing. Some anonymous observer later mentioned that Big Phil
went out the back door so fast he passed several bullets!
With gun in hand, Gordon left the Elephant Corral for the
Louisiana Saloon on Blake Street. For amusement, he fired
twice at a dog but missed. At the Louisiana, Gordon became
peeved when the bartender did not put water out with the
whiskey. In a drunken frenzy, he flung a bottle at the line of
bottles behind the counter, smashing half a dozen or so. The

and knocked him to the floor. The man was an elderly German
emigrant from Leavenworth, Kansas, named Jacob Gantz.

e
door of the saloon into the street. The drunken Gordon
managed to outrun the old man and once more flung him
down. He kneeled on the German’s chest and held him by the
hair. Gordon pointed his pistol at Gantz’s head.

The old man pleaded for his life, saying, “For God’s sake,
don’t kill me.’’ Gordon cocked his weapon and pulled the
trigger. The only sound was the hammer striking an empty
chamber. Gordon again cocked his revolver and pulled the
trigger. The hammer clicked harmlessly. Twice more the
helpless victim was subjected to this torture. On the fifth try, the
gun discharged. The bullet crashed into the German’s brain,
and he died almost instantly. Gordon got to his feet and
rejoiced, “I’ve killed a damned Dutchman and don’t care, but
would like to kill more.”

Well-known Denver gambler Charley Harrison learned of
Gordon’s binge. Harrison immediately rode out to the Gordon
ranch and informed the boy’s parents of the shooting. He
learned that Jim hadn’t been home for over a week. Harrison
promised to do all he could for their son, then headed back to
town. The gambler quickly learned that an enraged mob was
looking for Gordon as their “honored” guest at a hanging. In
the meantime, Harrison found Gordon fast asleep under some
bushes near the Cibola Hall. The gambler got one of his horses
and helped Gordon to escape.!

The young murderer was sighted galloping toward Fort
Lupton. Word of Gordon’s location reached Denver, and a man
named Babcock gathered a half dozen men and rode in pursuit.
Gordon took refuge at the Blake and Williams ranch at Fort
Lupton. Babcock and his men learned where Gordon was
hiding and surrounded the house, but Gordon managed to dash
for freedom. One of the members of the posse, however, got near
enough to wound Gordon’s mount. Dusk came, and Gordon
was able to elude them by hiding in the brush along the banks
of the South Platte River. The posse was forced to return to
Denver empty handed.

Gordon made it to Box Elder station where he purchased a
mule. He crossed eastern Colorado by riding south, avoiding
well-traveled roads.

With James Gordon was still at large, a highly agitated
public meeting was held in Denver, and a large sum of money
was raised as a bounty for capturing Gordon. W. H. Middaugh

James Gordon Brought to Justice / 19

ae

aes

ee
nee

I
ie

ae es


of the case, were turned over to Middaugh. With the witnesses,
Middaugh boarded the stagecoach for the hot, dusty trip back to
Leavenworth.

This time the evidence was great enough for Leavenworth
officials to conclude that Gordon should stand trial in Denver.
Middaugh, Gordon, and three guards boarded a Denver-bound
stage, but before they had traveled a hundred miles, they were
recalled to Leavenworth and Gordon was charged by a Leaven-
worth judge with stealing his mule. Once this problem was
settled, Gordon was again released to the custody of Marshal
Middaugh, but now there were only two seats left on the stage
to Denver. This forced Middaugh to chain himself to his
prisoner. During the long trip neither man got much sleep.

At two o’clock in the morning, the stage rolled into Denver,
and Middaugh was finally able to deliver his prisoner. It was
September 28, and Middaugh had spent two months tracking
down Gordon. In the process, he traveled more than 3,000 miles.

Judge A. C. Hunt presided over the trial of James A. Gordon.
The court and the prosecution were men of high character but
with no legal training or territorial sancuon. In a grove of
cottonwood trees below Wazee Street, the trial was held before a
thousand people. The court did everything to give the accused a
fair trial, and the defense was encouraged to put up the
strongest possible arguments. The proceedings were not
hurried, and the Gordon trial lasted several days, ending on
October 2, 1860. The jury of twelve brought in a verdict of
murder, and Gordon was sentenced to hang on Saturday,
October 6. The verdict was submitted to the crowd for their
approval, to which Gordon responded with a bow.

At the appointed time, a buggy carrying the prisoner arrived
at the scaffold on the east bank of Cherry Creek. Guards
surrounded the gallows to prevent any last-minute rescue. At
Gordon’s request, Middaugh was placed in charge of the
hanging. The prisoner knelt in prayer while several thousand
Spectators uncovered their heads. Moments later James Gordon
was dead.

22 / Colorado Gunsmoke

'— @&&

Notes
1 This story varies. Harrison is not implicated in some versions. For
caainple, in Denver's Murderers, p. 21, William Raine says Gordon fled
to has father’s ranch and obtained a horse.

2 As incredible as it seems, this aspect of Gordon’s rescue can be

coufiimed in more than one source.

References

Cay, Tee, ed. Denver Murders. New York: Duell, Sloan, and Pearce,
1916, pp. 13-31.

Simtley, Jerome C. History of Denver... Denver: Old American Publish-
ing Co, L901, pp. 343-346.

famonski, Stanley W. and Teddy Keller. The ‘59er’s. 3d ed. Frederick,
Colo.: Platte ’N Press Books, 1983, pp. 121-127.

Perkin, Robert L.. The First Hundred Years. New York: Doubleday &
Co., 1959, pp. 178-179.

James Gordon Brought to Justice / 23

Bg ae ee eee ee

pan ea

‘the chair,

Graham Dies in Gas Chamber:
of 44 Aboard Airliner

for Murder

CANON CITY, Colo. — (®)
— Impassive John Gilbert
Graham, confessed time-bomb
slayer of his mother and 43
other persons aboard an air-
liner, died serenely Friday
night.in Colorado’s gas cham-
ber. .

Calm as death neared, the
24-year-old father of two
children inhaled deeply’ the
cyanide gas that spiraled up
from a vat beneath: the cold
metal chair where’ he sat
Strapped and blindfolded.

GRAHAM ENTERED the
death chamber at 7:50 p.m. He
displayed remarkable calm as
the guards strapped him in

Warden Harry Tinsley, who
supervised the execution,
patted Graham twice on his
left shoulder and then stepped
Outside the chamber.

_ JOHN GRAHAM
‘Calm before death —

Graham sat immobile in the:

chair until 7:56 om, when home after his father : died,

sodium cyanide pellets clat-|Was condemned for the mur-

tered into a crock of ‘acid.|der of his prosperous mother,
Graham jerked at the sound, Mrs, Daisie King, 53.

Moments later his head fell

She was with 43 others

forward. He was pronounced] aboard a United Airlines

dead at 8:08 p.m.

plane that exploded -over

Graham, raised in a welfare Longmont, Colo., 11 minutes

TRIB

ON €

GRAHAM, JOHN,M white, gased COSP 1/11/1957

after leaving Denver’s airport
Noy. 1,:1955. «---

_ Graham confessed he had
Planted a time bomb in her
luggage, but never disclosed
his motive. He named himself |

made her last yisit to him last

beneficiary in a $37,500 in-|
surance policy he had taken}

out on her life,

Tinsley and John J. Gib-
bons, one of three court-ap-
pointed’ attorneys who de-
fended Graham, said the con-
demned man was jovial and
laughing despite nervousness
in-his last hours.

Gibbons, last friend to see
Graham, said they talked
“about: Alaska, deep sea ‘fish-
ing, a lot of other things, in-
cluding how he’s prepared to
meet his Maker.”

GIBBONS SAID Graham’s|
last words to him were:
“Good-bye. Thanks for ‘com- |
ing down. Be sure to call
Gloria (Graham’s wife) when
you get back.” Graham’s wife

|
|

Sunday. |
Graham was given a steak
dinner for his last meal. But

he ate only the dessert—ice_
cream. as

4

Merweagrt 0 (Vf Ad

r " % ty

“Safety belt” for bomb suspect is court guard’s handcuffs.

‘

‘We'll search ouf; every’ possibility,
however remote,’® vowed President
W. A. Patterson of U.A.L. ‘‘Determina-
tion of responsibility for the accident
is beyond authorify of the air line
alone. Federal ang local officials are
now working at the scene. Experts from
our organization afte cooperating with
federal agents in @ vigorous full-scale
investigation.’’ #

_ that had to be sent'to families all over the nation cast a pall -%

a ,

AIRCRAFT ENGINEERS REBUILT AIRLINER TO

an area two miles long—the broken off tail section at one
point, the engines dug into enormous holes in the earth two
miles away. Under the command of Highway Patrol Chief
Gilbert Carrel, roadblocks and searching parties were quickly
organized. Citizens by the hundreds volunteered to aid in
the search. Thirty ambulances waited while the crews probed
through the debris for the victims. The bodies were removed,
“as found, to the Greely armory, which had become an
emergency morgue, we

One of the worst crashes in aviation history, with no sur-
vivors, shocked those who first came into contact with its
tragic results. Jack Meyer, an’ assistant general. manager of

United Air Lines ground services, rushed to the scene of the

crash east of Longmont. He was immediately put in charge

of setting up teams to check the area for any possible _

survivors, :
“We parked first at the forward: section of the fuselage,”
Meyer reported. ‘There weré a number of bodies in the area,

I went to the south a bit where there were two pits burning.

fiercely. These were the engines. There were two pits about
ten feet deep and from fifteen to twenty feet across, There
were bodies near the pits and we were concerned that some
may have fallen in,”

Meyer organized the teams and sent them forth with in-
structions to wrap the bodies and mark their positions in
the field by stakes. “A steel post with a red flag was staked
at each body and a tag attached identifying the victim as an
adult male or female. Numbers were put on the bodies and
on the posts.” *

About seven in the morning rescue workers. reached the
forward section of the plane. “We removed a body of an
older woman and then another woman and an infant boy,”
Meyer stated. “We had to cut parts of the plane to remove
three crew miembers. That part had been flatened pretty
much, The last complete body was removed shortly before
eight A.M.” ” _ Aig

The identification of the corpses and the tragic messages

of gloom over homes as far west as Washington and Oregon,
and as far east as Rhode Island and New York. Among the
dead were Dr. Harold Sanstead, deputy secretary of the U.S.

Public Health Service; James Straud and Carl F. Deist, offi- '

cials of General Motors Corporation ; and John Des Jardins,

a

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ater Sausage

DETERM

related to :
The disa:
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when an air
Wyoming, :
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“We mai
explained.
Need for
agency was
wee had s
rom the g:
plane was |
after it sm:
What hz
question.
Pilots Assc
‘Whitney A
‘with the (
Tamm, ass
Dr. J. Wi!
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tims, for id
the aviatio:
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NITED
press:

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our' organi7
- with all fe
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The inve
about the
had been !
the Mainli:
explosion a

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But his execution date became subject to
several :postponements to allow his at-
‘torneys to press appeals. In due course all
of these appeals were rejected. s

Exhibiting the same cool indifference

he had maintained ever since his arrest,

John Gilbert Graham went to his death on
January 11, 1957. No one ever heard him
express any regret for the death of his

mother, or, for that matter, for the deaths

of the 43 other persons—men, women

‘and one small child—whose lives he had
snuffed out. oo

EDITOR'S NOTE:

_ Mrs. Rose O'Dell, ‘Frank and
Harold Steffens and Mrs. Katherine
Marlo are not the real names of the
persons so named in the foregoing
story. Fictitious names have been used
because there is no reason for public
interest in the identities of these per-
sons.

“‘Do You Think
MbHang... 20.5.

(Continued from page 31)

medium-sized. He had on a heavy
herringbone overcoat.”

“Did he ask where the phone booth
was?” .

“No, he walked right to it. I didn’t-pay
any particular attention to him.”

This, plus the mention in the letter of
“your neighbor, Isadore B.” ‘suggested
that the kidnaper was familiar with the
neighborhood. Former Police Com-
missioner Isadore Birnbaum was a
neighbor and friend of the Parkers. Police
cruised the vicinity, but with no results.
__ At 8 o'clock that evening the Parker’s
phone rang again. As Mr.: Parker
answered it, Captain of Detectives A.R.
Kallmyer stood close beside him.

“This is the Fox again,” said the voice.
“Listen carefully. In exactly 15 minutes
you are to leave your house in your own
automobile. Drive north on Wilton to
Tenth Street, turn right on Tenth to
Gramercy. Go one-half block north on
Gramercy and await my arrival.” The
phone was disconnected.

“T'm going to get my little girl,” Parker
said, his face pale. He drew a roll of
currency from his pocket, counted again
the $20 certificates, the numbers of which
had been recorded by Captain Kallmyer.
“There must be no slip-up.”

_Kallmyer said, “I'll follow you in my
own car. My orders are to arrest this kid-
naper.” A aK Gs \

“Well, I'd be glad to see him arrested,”
Parker began hesitantly, “but—please be
careful. Don’t do anything. that might
arouse his suspicions, until I have my
daughter safe.” bs

“Till keep well behind you,” the cap-
tain promised. i aii,

At exactly 8:15 Parker got into his car

\

and started north on V

block behind him (

followed along slowly
_ But unknown to hi:
by another car c
newspaper reporters
watching the house, w:
of action. ©
When Captain |}
Tenth and Gramercy |}
parked in the midc
Kallmyer drove past, ©
recognition. The repo:
him. Five minutes late:
circled the block. Park:
He waited there for
almost overcome with
ed home. The kidnay
appear. All night the
paced the floor, waitir
that did not come.-
In the morning the
page letter from the F.
“Death approachin;
“every hour,” it was he
“When I asked you ove:
me your word of honor
honest business man, n
tip the police, you did
When those two cars {
north on Wilton to Ter
to circle the block, I kn«
why. You schemed to
girl, too. 84 :
“Today is the last d
day, December 17th. I
to two days and only or
phone you. If by 8 p.n
not received my phone
funeral service at your «
the body. Only God |
body of Marion Parker
event. Not much effort

_. her life. She may pass «

“When, I call, if I
where to go and how tc
don’t have your friends :
God for forgiveness for
nite. If you don’t come
and be square with me.

“Fate—Fox. °*

“If you want aid aga
not man!”

Proof that Marion v
Saturday morning ac
letter. Enclosed with
breaking appeal from th
own handwriting. —_,

“Dear Daddy and M.

“Daddy, please dor
with you teday. I’nyr
happened last night. W
the house and I cried
night. If you don’t meet
you'll never see me aga

“Love to all, Marion

“P.S. Please Daddy:
home this morning. T
chance. Be sure and con
you won't see me again
- » Parker showed the
tragic enclosure to Inspe
was at the house. “Ther:


or a Py 9 Vis tits Li » 9 W il, 5 A. GU VU tt ( VE nv € r ) v @ bd oe b I 1957

Neel

ost $2,500.

i

FLIGHT 629, U.A.L,
DESTINATION: .. 4
DEATH

They came from as far waar
as Washifigton and Oreggp
and as far east as Rho
island and New York, |
forty-four. who fasten
safety belts and took
from. Stapleton Munici
Airport in Denver, Colo
do. Thirty-nine were p
sengers, the rest were cre
members. All perished %
this’ nation’s Worst aircr™

brought before a ju

‘is Condemned fo die,
-Here is a tompleté, Ge

curate account of this ble

page in ‘aviation histor

from murder plot thre

the step-by-step investig¢

‘cold-blooded. violence
the annals of crime.*
ae A

j hone "
po y
si f

SET HIMSELF UP 5 THE JUDGE, HE BECAME THE PROSE

ee

au "
Z ¥ ' : i
ie sees | < ‘

a

at New

Chicago,
»2evening,

“btakes on

: « Ange,eng
“Municipa

_ the strip
a | Hall's
‘as the air!
_ They had
__proal fi

DETKCTIV:


“tibns. Captain Lee
DC-6B scheduled

iliner and the brute power of its

ge, engines pulled the silver ship down the Stapleton

unicipal Airport runway at full speed. Midway down |
e strip the wheels lifted off, ‘and Flight 629 was airborne. -

Hall's co-pilot was working the wheel retraction contyol
the airliner captain checked out with the Stapleton tower.
They had passed the critical point. ‘of takeoff, had attained
nprmal flight speed ane were gaining all ittule, Hall's radio

mee

- tail sect
rtion, con! ining 44 hi
y, then pitched \ickeningly tow:
feei. It stew |

| Forty-four Seta: died in the tangled fay of metal
and black, smoke,

am
ts


pe ee

> _INNUUL

Fare

ZEEE
BZ
Za

2 —
VSS


Smile
My Lips,’

e to World

A : ago to Dr. Katherine
mM :
‘icance of God's will, And as

aceched Him to enact His will
uld 1 complain or murmur

Lips.
icere, and therefore [ can race

th peace in my heart, a smile
‘ron my lips, What more can

fe: who hag not? I have erred
» 1 die for my sins—who will

Another great solace to me is, |

sins ahd God has forgivén me,

at a line or two more; don t

happy; console my uncle and
write them on this mail also.
wish or desire that I want to
thru for this time. I want to
but I know it ix not necessary
1M certain you will all come
incea nothing more can be done

ia, wishes, ] remain, as ever

wre, HARRY ¥:: HILLEN.

{ present and witnessed said ex EES]
and shall procure each and every are:
such persona to sign said report with
their full name ang place of residance
before leaving the place vf execution.
and sald warden shall thereupon attach
his certificate to said report. certify-
ing to the truth and correctness thare-
of, and shall {mmediately deliver a cer-
tified transcript of said record entry to
said sheriff.

FRIENDS OR RELATIVES

MAY CLAIM BODY.

Concerning the disposition of the con-
vict’s body, this provision is made by
law:

The body of the eonvict shall be

buried in the ordinary manner fn the
burial ground of thé penitentiary, Or
the court may order, on the applica-
tioh of any respectable surgeon or
auftgeons, that the body shall, after
avath. be deliveréd to such strgeon
or surgeons for dissection, unless the
same shall be claimed by anyone re-
lated to the person executed, by con-
sanguinity or affinity, or any friend
desiring to give tne body Christian
burial, o

- Specialists recommen:

JIREH F

as your. only possible
whélesome, ' nutritious.
duced and health resto
of Jireh. flour,
Very satisfying.

THE DENVER DRY
Auk fer JIREH FOO’

cereals.

ORDERED SOLD
1538 CHAMPA ST."

Sale continues. - ‘with better bargains |
ever. Everything must go including fixtr

$20.00 Spring. All Wool Sults
$25.00 Tailored Suits... =. $
Straws ...... .23¢, = 48c, | 68
$6.00 . Panamas .. ee ee

1.00 Shirts. . ee
3. V. D. Style. Union Suits...

o
‘ce te! Nace


ities ileal
legen

alle te cei EO RE te

2 . “AS YE SOW, SO SHALL YE REAP.”

to me.
his own request, but In

or visits with him did |!
was the man who kille:
I did not press him on
became a devoutly rellr
his death.”

open the first week, and after the pardon ] became his §s}

board refused to stop his execution spent
hig time chatting with his guards or
prison officers.

The Rev. C. T. Isley. after the execu-
tion, said: ‘‘Harry Hillen never for an

more time
It was

sho have been given
ae looked for evidence.
: for others, why not, him?’

YER CHANGED
t BETTER AT PRISON.

ilen's appearance was changed from
time Ne left the coufity jail to the

of his death. It was a change for
better. At no time did he fall te
a meal and the best was aiven him
he warden. He spent hia time in the

LETTER
FACSIMILE

‘

instant changed hig pleas of Innocence

PRINTING DETAILS

OF EXECUTION

AGAINST STATELAN

cency Liable: to Fine and
Jail Term.

- (Continued From Page One.)

[Newspapers That Offend De-

Then follows anothér section concerning

the récord of executions:

Said warden shall keep a book of rec-
ord, to Be Known as record of exécti-
tions, In which shall be éntered at
length the reports hereinafter speci-
fied. Immediately after said exect-
tion, a postmorten examination of the
body of the convict’shall be made by
the attending physician and surgeons,

and they shall enter In said book of

record the nature and extent of such
examination, and sign and certify to
the game. Saiqg warden shall also im-
mediately make and efiter in said book
a report setting forth the time of such
execution, and that the convict (nam-
ing him) was then and there executed
in conformity to thé sentence specified
in the warrant of the court (naming
such court) to him directed, and in ac-
cordance with the provisions of this
act, and shall insert fn said report thé
names of all the persons who were
present and witnessed said execution;
and shall procute each and evéry of

Bin

FIRST STEP T/
TO LAY PLA
POLISH Al

Petrograd (via Lond
, June 5.—The Russian
isters today decided
commission composed :
ang six Poles, under
of Premier Goremyki:
the preliminaries neces
‘rying into effect of
‘Poland, ‘which was
Grand Duke Nicholas,
chief of the Russian e:
Jast year.

U. S. POLES SHI

- TO POLAND :

Chicagyu, June %.—Thr-’
sand pounds of meat we
war suffererB in Polar
Polish central relfef con |
nization represeriting al’ —
in Amerca.


[‘r Shall Greet Death Witha x
‘On My Face and Prayer on k
Is Hillen’ s Final Message

) nae 16 “Harty ‘Bdgar. Hillen’s. “farewell message to the world. It was written a Ww:

Adams of Denver. his best friend—written after Hill
“My Dearest Friend—I was. informed of the. decision
‘of the board of pardons yesterday, and I want you to

know {t bas not altered my disposition, any whatever,
and reas for the fact that the mature of the death
Is ve git ete ile to,me, ¢ otherwise I would be quite
-“vontented with my fate. I also kn that you are
‘aware that my Jack of fenr, in. the fac& of death, is not

* fue to any enwardice, on my part. In fact, I cherished

a deaire and ambition (insmred by your own dear self) .

to live and attain to a respected position in life. But
od bas willed otherwise. and I ask. he (my dearest
(riend) who am I lark againet His declan’ I
reeelye mich conaolntion in a pléce from He-
brews 18, vi., “The Lord ‘ia my helper, and 1° will not
- “fear what map shall do npto me.” That explains my
‘ ponebalanee bette? than anvihing. I know of. :

— Appreciatés Her Kindnesa - | °
I have been expee
very soon: but I know = are all endeavoring to do.
your atmont for mé, and, dear friend, 1 fully ap- .
1 Treciate your effort in my. be alf, arid when I leave thie,
word I wif reallte that you have: done | everything that.

av fb} e from oble
Seti ; ott fe docket "ahora, only. oivinees

There is ‘only
pi oh

‘gee you
- to express that wish, ax I am

ting to hear from or see you gly” 7

en knew there was no hope for him:

me further. of the significanc
my prayers have ever beseech:
and not mine, why should —
against Him?

With Prayer on His Lips

I know I[ have been sincere,
what they call death with pe
on my face, and a —_ on
{ do?

I have sinned in my life: w'

in my iNfe; whe has not’ Id

eBCAPO | death? No one. Anoth

T have ‘pepented for my sins r

hence my peace of mind.

Well, dear friend,, just a —
arieve ‘for me, as I am happ:
Mrs. Barry, and I will write
one more wish
aga then T am thru
@N once more, but |

iy

a8 soon a8 you are convinced 1
for. me. ° wh leva
mt beat.
snd Yoreva f, oraaly va


JEFF GLOVER

two spreads separated by this man’s
fenced homestead.

It would be a big-money venture,
feeding cattle in this particular strip of
the valley. Its bottomland was lush
with native grasses. There was plenty
of clear cold water in the Platte. And
the spread would only be a whoop and
a holler from Fort Lupton where a
continuous cash market existed for
fresh beef.

‘‘A hundred and a half and that’s
tops!” Glover said, glaring at Rolly
who stood there, his hands on his hips,
looking feisty as all get out. “You also
don’t have all day to decide in. In fact,
you only got a couple minutes!”

““Maybe we better take it,’’ Lucy
muttered. ‘““A hundred and a half’ll
keep us going until we can prove up
somewhere else.”’

“Nope!” Rolly replied, his face
taut. ‘“‘We wouldn’t never find us as
good a spread as this one, and chances
are we'd have to settle for one a whole
heck of a lot worse!”

He looked up at Glover again. “I
ain’t innerested,”’ he said.

Glover, who had been chomping
hard on his stogie, flung it onto the
ground. “Mr. Collins,” he said, turning

_toward the middle man on his left

flank, ““would you say this runt was
the one that stole your horse last night
from in front of the Four Aces Saloon
on Lawrence Street?”’

“There ain’t the slightest doubt,”
Collins, a gun-for-hire, convicted cattle
thief, and deserter from the Third
Georgia Rifles, said, shifting his eating
tobacco from one side of his mouth to
the other. :

The enormity of this accusation
struck Rolly and Lucy like they’d
been Ute-axes. ‘‘We’ll sell out, Mister
Glover!” Lucy said quickly.

“Yes, sir!” Rolly babbled, staring
at the rope one of the hardcores was
taking off his saddlehorn. ‘‘Gimme the
money, Mr. Glover, and we’ll git the
heck off... .”’

He didn’t have a chance to finish.
The man with the rope looped it over
his head and drew it taut before Rolly
could throw up his hands to push it
away.

The hardcore thumped his mount
and it loped off toward the big cotton-
wood that grew out of a sink near the
river.

The horse didn’t go fast enough to
drag Rolly, just fast enough to make
Rolly run to keep from falling down
and being dragged. The hardcore held
the rope tight, meanwhile, and though
the running man kept trying to loosen
it enough to lift it over his head he
couldn’t do it.

Glover and the others rode along
10 WESTERNER/March-April, 1973

Jeff Glover —

an early photo

of the “‘Land Hog”’
while he was still
wearing a moustache.

behind followed by Lucy who ran and
stumbled and got up and ran again,
begging the Glover crowd not to hang
her husband, babbling that they’d get
off the land right away and Glover
could keep his hundred fifty.

The executioner reined his mount
up under the cottonwood, threw his
end of the rope over a limb, caught it
and saddle horned it and thumped the
horse, doing it all so swiftly that
before Rolly could remove the rope
from his neck he was lifted off the
ground.

es

He dangled there, his boots a
couple feet above the grass, strangling
and clawing at the rope with his hands.

Lucy came up. “Let him down...
please!”’ she gasped, so tuckered by
her run from the farm yard that she
could hardly stand. ‘‘You can have
your land...we'll go away...I
promise we will... !”

“Lady, we gave him his chance,”
Glover said, lighting a stogie.

Lucy staggered to her husband and
tried, pathetically and uselessly, to
support him, a foot on each shoulder,

ie) a Cea ity agin:


Lucy Yates who married Glover only so she
could get the evidence to get him hanged.

while he loosened the rope.

“Uh uh... that’s cheatin’, one of
the hardcores said, drawing his .44 and
shattering Rolly’s right hand, and then
his left hand.

The wounded man, unable to sup-
port himself by clenching the rope
while he stood on his wife’s shoulders,
fell forward. His boots slipped off
Lucy’s shoulders.

She tried to lift him. He fell toward
his left side, and then backward.

It wasn’t long before the little
woman’s strength was gone. She col-

Rolly Yates, Lucy’s husband who was killed
by Glover when he refused to leave his land.

Part of the crowd that came to Hughes
to see the body of Glover after hanging.

lapsed to her knees and remained there
looking up at her doomed husband,
watching the rope strangle out his life.

When it was over, when his horrible
death-throes ended, she got up and
turned to go back to her house, tears
streaming down her cheeks. Glover
took five gold eagles ($20 coins) from
his poke and reached down and ex-

tended them to her. “This money”’ll
get you back to Iowa or wherever you
came from,” he said.

Lucy took the money. She was a
practical woman. She had no other
money, except ten or eleven dollars in
the house, and she would need money
to give Rolly a coffin burying and for
whatever else she might do.

She could think a little better now;
at least she could put things into
perspective. “Cut him down _ for
me... please,’”’ she said, looking up at
the dangling corpse.

Glover had intended to let it hang
as a warning to the others he had
whiskied into taking out claims in this
rich valley. But Lucy looked so pitiful
that a rare wave of compassion surged
into his conscience. ‘‘Cut him down!”
he said to one of his men.

A little after noon Lucy _ buck-
boarded Rolly’s body into Hughes, a
trading settlement with a school and a
church. (Hughes, located just south of
the Territorial Weld County line, faded
into a water station after the Denver-
Pacific Raidroad was built from
Denver to the Union Pacific con-
nection at Cheyenne. Later, as
locomotives with greater travel dis-
tance between waterings were
developed, Hughes became a whistle
stop and in the 1890’s its remaining
buildings were torn down and used in
the construction of farmsteads. )

Lucy laid Rolly out in his Sunday
clothes in a store-bought coffin and
buried him in Hughes’ cemetery with a
regular preacher reading the words.

About a month later she appeared
at the Colorado Land & Cattle Co.’s
office at 18th and Wazeee Streets in
Denver. She told a quill-writing man at
a secretary’s high-seat desk that she
would like to see the company’s
president, Jeff Glover.

“It took me a whole month after
those trash hung Rolly,” she wrote in
her memoirs, now in the archives of
the Arapahoe County Heritage
Society, ‘‘to get over the horrible cruel
thing they done and figure how I
could even the game. I had the scheme
in my head and was ready to start
tricking Mr. Glover who I despised
more than Satan but to who I would
have to put up a good face or my
scheme would fail and I might well be
in peril besides.”’

At this point it will be well to
regress a bit and delineate the back-
grounds of Jeff Glover and Lucy Yates
because what happened as a culmi-
nation of Glover’s greed and Lucy’s
temerity became one of the most
fantastic sagas of the frontier west.

Jeff Glover, who was 47 at the
time his hardcores hanged Rolly Yates,

Please turn to page 31

11

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4

KLONDIKE

Bennett was no real hardship, but
these Klondikers must suffer it over
and over again. It took the average
man three months or more to shuttle
his ton of supplies across the Chilkoot
Pass.

As winter progressed men began to
hack steps out of the ice wall above
The Scales. Two partners cut one
hundred and fifty feet of steps out of
the ice wall in a single night and
collected more than $80.00 a day in
tolls. Then after six weeks they took
the money, went on a tear, and blew it
all in.

The greatest tragedy of the
Chilkoot occurred on April 3, 1898.
For two months a storm raged, making
travel nearly impossible. Then, the
blizzard increased in intensity and six
feet of wet snow fell. The peaks and
glaciers were top-heavy with it, and
the pass was at its most treacherous.

The first hint of tragedy came early
in the morning when a bent old man
hammered at the door of a restaurant
run by Joppe and Mueller at The
Seales. He cried out several people
were buried alive by snow slides on the
trail. The roused men succeeded in
rescuing all but three. Now everyone
in camp was thoroughly alarmed and
the race began for Sheep Camp. At
noon, it happened.

All of a sudden there was a loud
report, and instantly the entire hillside
was moving. All along the trail, men
were falling down, some with their
feet in the air and their heads buried in
the snow. They struggled, only to be
smothered by the main force of the
avalanche.

The snow tumbled from 2500 feet
above the trail, just above Stone House
and covered ten acres to a depth of
thirty feet. Twenty minutes later,
1000 men from Sheep Camp were on
the spot digging trenches, trying to

locate the victims. The scene was a
wierd and terrible one. Small air holes
appeared in the snow to mark a spot
where a man or woman was buried.

Beneath them the searchers could
hear the muffled cries of the people
buried alive. They could hear each
other talking and conversations were
carried on. Relatives called out their
last goodbyes to those entombed
below, who could not move even a
muscle, for the snow was packed
around them as tight as cement.

More than sixty perished and some
were rescued after being buried as long
as three hours under the snow. Many
corpses were lifted out in the days
which followed, still in a running
position as if forever fleeing from the
onrushing avalanche of white.

For days after the tragedy, sled
after sled loaded with corpses moved
down the trail to the mass morgue.
Skagway lost no time in pointing to
the disaster as a solemn warning to
anybody using Dyea and the Chilkoot
Trail as a way to the Klondike. Their
trail was safer, or so they said. @®

JEFF GLOVER

Continued from page !/

had been a commissary officer, ranked
brevet colonel, with the First Missouri
Rifles, a battalion-strenght outfit of
conscript riflemen in the Federal
Service.

Glover and the men of his
command purchased, coerced or stole
cattle, swine, fowl and grain from
Missouri farmers, the procedure de-
pending upon an individual farmer’s
politics.

Glover was competent because he
was so ruthless; as a consequence the
First Rifles was one of the best-fed
outfits in the Union Army.

After the war Glover, like many
another veteran of both sides, got
‘western fever.’ He went to Colorado
to see what the pickings were.

They were. good for a man of
enterprise and industry and elastic
ethics, qualities which Glover pos-
sessed in unusual measure.

He became a meat broker, buying
— practically stealing — trail-wearied
oxen from immigrants who had arrived
at the gold fields and who no longer
had use for transport animals. Glover
butchered and sold these oxen to
meat-starved prospectors through his
own retail tent-shops at profits as high
as 5000 percent.

This was a lucrative enterprise and
Glover prospered until he thought of.a
more stable enterprise — already some
of the gold streams were sorrying out.
What he would do, he calculated, was
persuade as many as_ possible of
Denver’s barflies to file and prove up
on land in the rich South Platte valley,
then take the land from them.

He would end up with land enough
for the most productive, best market-
access beef spread in Colorado, an
enterprise that would make him
incalculably rich!

The cunning rascal’s land scheme
had been inspired by the Federal
Homestead Act which went into effect
January 1, 1863. Under its provisions
any person 21 or older who was a U.S.
citizen and had never borne arms
against the U.S. government (which
excluded Confederates) could file on
any open 160 acres of government
land.

The applicant was required to pay
a $10 filing fee, plus the registration
clerk’s fee, the total coming to less
than $15. Within six months after
filing for a homestead the applicant
had to begin to live on it and continue
residence for 5 years after which it was
‘proved up’ and title, or patent, was
given to the homesteader.

Five years’ continuous residence
did not mean, Glover learned from a
Denver lawyer, that a man would have

to remain on the land every minute of
those five years. He could spend quite
a bit of his time in Denver, in fact
most of it, and still fulfill the residence
requirements.

Glover realized that he would have
to move swiftly now that the turmoils
of the War Between the States were
subsiding. Immigrants were beginning
to plod to the West to take advantage
of the Homestead Act. It would be
safe now to homestead, they reasoned;
the Army’s outposts, reduced in
strength during the War, would be able
to keep the Indians from molesting
settlers.

Additionally, hundreds of Johnny-
come-late prospectors, failing to find
gold in the worked-out mountain |
streams, were talking of homesteading
instead of going ‘back east.’

According to Glover’s records — he
was a meticulous bookkeeper — he
began his land-grab by sizing up the
drunks in the Clay Pennel Saloon &
Faro Emporium at 1623 Lawrence
Street in Denver.

Before the day ended the glib
promoter had whiskied seven barflies
into filing for homesteads in a portion
of the South Platte valley north of
Denver and south of Fort Lupton.

Within a week he had claimed, by
these whiskied proxies, 37 contiguous
homesteads, an unconscionable land

grab.

The next spring (1866) he hired
laborers to put up ‘soddies’ — one-
room houses — on each of the

homesteads, thereby complying with
the government’s requirement for a
homestead’s housing.

Another team of Glover hirelings,
recruited among financially busted
gold field failures, 8-mule teamed a
freighter with plows and subsistence
supplies from one claim to another,
hitching the mules to the plows and
furrowing two or three acres, then
sparse-planting corn...just enough
‘farming’ so that it would appear to
any government straphanger who in-
vestigated that the claims’ were,
indeed, being proven.

In the meantime Glover, who
always kept his promises when this —
was profitable, instructed Clay Pennel
to give each of the 37 ‘homesteaders’ a
quart of trade whiskey every Saturday
night.

Since trade whiskey, the kind used
to euchre Indians out of whatever they
had of value, was the cheapest kind —
selling retail for 35c a gallon, it would
cost Glover, for 5 years of this horrible
beverage for each man, about $22.
This sum, plus the filing and registrar’s
fees, plus the cost of the soddies and
corn fields, would add up to less than

Continued on page 32
31


JEFF GLOVER

Continued from page 31

$50 per claim, about 30c per acre for
some of the richest valley land in the
West.

Glover decided that during the five

years necessary for the proving of the
homesteads — he could think of no
way to shorten this period — he would
operate a variation of his gold camp
oxen-butchering industry in Denver,
and any other fast-money schemes
that might offer themselves. (Glover
was successful in his meat venture,
operating a slaughter house and whole-
sale business on North Humboldt
Street at the site of the present Denver
Union Stockyards. )

The enterprising land hog pro-
moted other enterprises, too, as
subsidiaries of the Colorado Land &
Cattle Co., which he owned in its
entirety, a kind of early-day holding
company.

His land-hog scheme, which
appeared that it would be the most
profitable of all his promotions — once
that everlasting five years elapsed —
was a shrewdly calculated and ruth-
lessly implemented grab. It denied
immigrants this land. But this did not
trouble his conscience, nor did _ it
worry him that some of his 37 vassals
might die or drift away. He would
replace them with others who would
use the original file names. The filing
documents and other data was kept in
a safe at the Colorado Land & Cattle
Co. office which enabled Glover to
control the progress of the home-
steadings.

But there was one facet of this
scheme that Glover, who thought of
everything, failed to consider — that
some of his whiskey-indentured vassals
might take a liking to the land, quit
drinking and actually prove up.

This was the case of several, 14 or
17 depending on which reference you
read. The lush virgin South Platte

_ valley land had, it seemed, a sobering

effect. But most of these men, at least
those 14 or 17 who chose the land to a
saloon, were not chronic alcoholics
but were men who had gone bust in
the gold fields and had taken to drink
as compensation.

Glover was merciless with these
traitors. He drove them off their
homesteads. Some with whips. Two
were dragged behind horses until their
corpses were unrecognizable. Several
were hanged for ‘stealing horses’ or
‘rim-riding’ cattle.

These bestialities made Glover one
of the most despised men in Colorado.
An outlaw who made no bones about
his outlawry was a rascal but you
knew what he was. Jeff Glover was a
worse kind of scoundrel — the two-
32 WESTERNER/March-April, 1973

faced kind. He cut a big righteous
swath in Denver’s high economic and
social society while he was, behind
their backs, the beast who generaled
the executions of innocent home-
steaders then drove their widows and
children from their land.

Rolly Yates, who was hanged on
July 22, 1868 for ‘stealing horses’ had
been recruited in an Arapahoe Street
saloon and whiskied, like the others,
into filing for a homestead. It didn’t
take this former Jackson County, Iowa
farmer very long to pull himself
together once he got the smell of the
rich soil of his bottomland homestead.
“ve drank my last drop,” he told
friends. “I’m going. to send for Lucy
and we’re going to make it out here in
this valley.”

He worked as a hostler in the
Buttlerfield Denver-Santa Fe Overland
Stage barn on Market Street until he
had saved enough money for Lucy’s
fare on the Union Pacific to Cheyenne
where he met her on May 3, 1968,
riding back to Denver with her and her
valises in the buckboard the likeable
little man had cajoled from the
manager of the stage barn.

Less than three months later Rolly
was in his grave and Lucy, after
another month, sashayed into the
Colorado Land & Cattle Co. office in
Denver and said to the company’s
president, Jeff Glover, ‘‘You offered I
and Jeff a hundred and fifty dollars,
Mr. Glover... but you only paid me a
hundred.”’

His eyes swept over the beautiful
little woman, who was gussied up in
garments which revealed that the Lord
had done a fine job indeed when he
had poured her into the mold. “‘I’ll be
glad to give you the other fifty,” he
said, wondering what a man wonders
when he is confronted by so lovely a
woman.

In subsequent days Glover was seen
squiring Lucy around in his black-
with-yellow-wheels buggy and people
said she was a trollop or she wouldn’t
even be seen in the shadow of the
rascal who had hanged her husband for
a crime everyone knew he had never
done. He married her, according to
records in the Colorado Historical
Society, on September 14, 1868 in the
First Methodist Episcopal Church of
Denver.

““My wedding night was the most
horrible night of my life,’’ she wrote
years later. “I hated Glover with all
my heart yet I had to yield to his lusts
to further the scheme I had to avenge
Rolly’s hanging.”

Lucy was no ordinary ill-educated
sodbuster’s widow. The daugher of a
prosperous eastern Iowa hog farmer,
she had been educated in the Dubuque
Academy for Women, obtaining the

‘who had

equivalent of a modern high school
education.

She began to read her husband’s
business papers and three weeks after
her marriage she took evidence to
Circuit Judge Reed Sanders, whose
jurisdiction included the Hughes area
in which Rolly had been lynched,
which established the fact of Glover’s
unconscionable land grab and which
appeared to indicate that he had per-
sonally directed the murders of men
taken their homesteads
seriously.

Judge Sanders was elated. “‘I have
waited for an eternity of wrong doing
to obtain a tangible with which to give
that rascal his comeuppance,” he said,
adding that to put the noose around
Glover’s neck in such a way that his
lawyers couldn’t untie it, the judge
would need word of mouth testimony
from a participant in one of the
executions.

“Pll get it for you... just tell me
what you want from this man,” Lucy
said.

She said years afterward, “I
decided upon the rascal Sam Arvidson,
one of Glover’s crowd the day they
hung Rolly, because he had looked at
me like a bull looks at a heifer, even
after Rolly was dead, showing no
respect for me as a widow whose
husband was not even in his grave.”’

“It was not difficult. I made myself
appear a harlot to obtain his con-
fidence and then I confided to him
that if he told of Glover’s part in the
hanging that Judge Sanders would
sentence him to banishment from the
Territory, but that if he did not he
would hang on the gallows at Hughes .
because Glover had written in his
records that he, Sam Arvidson, had
instigated the hanging.”

Arvidson didn’t need much
convincing. He suspected that Lucy
might be bluffing, but he wasn’t sure.
But he was sure that Glover would
betray his own mother if he could
profit from it. “All right,” he said
uneasily, “‘but first, I want to talk to
the judge myself.”

He wasn’t such a bung-head, he
added, that he would stand up in court
and talk himself into either a lawman’s
rope or Glover’s vengeance if he didn’t
have some nailed-down assurance.

The trail was November 6, 1868 —
a balmy Indian summer day — in the
Miller Bros. Saloon in Hughes, the
little village’s largest building.

Glover’s filched papers and Sam
Arvidson’s testimony doomed the land
hog despite a brilliant defense by a
three-man team of Denver’s best
lawyers.

Continued on page 54


firma, Continontal Cunsunlty of Chicago,
Associated Aviation Underwriters of
New York and Mutual Benefit Associ-
ution of Omaha,

Of those thirteen, six had taken mgxi-
num Policies for $62,500. Both Mr. and
Mrs, Morgan had taken out these maxi-
num amounts, thus leaving a total of
3125,000 to their children, :

One person, Mrs. King of Denver, had
aken out three policies for over half
he maximum, or $37,500. The others
iad used the coin-operated machines
or varying smaller amounts.

All of these seventeen persons drew
he attention of the G-Men, on the
heory that a desire for swift wealth
aight have motivated someone to plant
he bomb.

Agents were uncovering, tracking
own and questioning scores of other
idividuals from coast to coast—some
ossible enemies of the passengers,
laybe a business competitor who had
1ade a threatening remark in anger,
1aybe a spurned ‘boy friend, or a girl

‘iend fired with hatred. The field was
‘ill wide open, nothing could be taken
1 granted.

And the “nut” theory also was re-
ntlessly pursued by. the diligent
sents. Were any such persons known
‘ound the various airfields? Any
‘anks with fancied grievances against
\e airline? Any suspicious characters
en while baggage or mail was being
aded, or while the big plane was be-
g serviced?

All of this, naturally, was done un-
weover, by shrewd agents of an
sency that never quits. .

The first lead was not an unexpected
‘velopment. One of the beneficiaries
med on one of the insurance policies
\d a criminal record—not a big one,

all, but a record nevertheless.

This was John Graham, son of Mrs.
\isy King of Denver. He had, the
es revealed, been arrested in 1951 on
sharge of forgery and placed on pro-
tion.

That was where I came into the case
: the first time. Because my office
d investigated Graham when the
arge originally had been brought.

{ remembered him vaguely and we
g out our files and reviewed them and
‘ned them over to the FBI.

{n 1951, those files showed, Graham
d stolen some blank checks from the
m by which he had been employed
d had gone off on a “check spree”,
‘ging and cashing $4200 of them in a

iple of days. When these checks

iched the office of District Attorney
tt Keating at that time I assigned
vestigators Howard Butefish and

Mike Carroll, two of our top men, to
the case. We found that Jack had de-
parted in a new convertible, We traced
him to Idaho, then into Wyoming, and:
landed him in Lubbock, Texas, where
he tried to crash a road block. Officers
found illicit Nquor in the car and Jack
did a 60-day stretch there before we
got him back.

When I talked to him he had been
contrite and cooperative. He signed a
confession and led my two investiga-
tors to a downtown hotel room, where
he had lived while cashing the forged
checks, and pointed out where some of
the stolen checks, not passed, were hid-
den under the carpet. :

TH agents of the FBI interviewed
Graham and his young wife. Yes, he
had taken out:the policy, with his
mother’s knowledge and consent. Mrs.
Graham agreed that this was true; she
had overheard the conversation. Al-
though broken up by the tragedy, the
dark-haired, clean-cut Graham, 23,
answered all the questions put to him
softly and sincerely, just as relatives
and friends of other victims, across the
country, were answering similar qnes-
tions put to them by operatives in the
far-flung FBI network.
The agents went next to Frank Dillon,

John Graham when forged checks,
not explosives, tripped him up

Denver’s veteran chief probation offi-
cer,
about Jack Graham. The young man
was making restitution for the money
involved in the forgeries and ‘so far,
Dillon said, he had paid back all but
$105.34 of the sizable $4200. :

. Furthermore, ‘Dillon revealed, Gra-
ham had reported regularly and faith-
fully to the probation office as required,

“-7even telephoning: from~a logging camp

‘in Grand Junction, Colorado, when he
had been employed there. He had been
@ sincere and a hard-working man,
lately operating jointly with the
mother, a small. drive-in restaurant

‘ and also holding down another job.

And so, despite his record, Graham
was dropped from the investigation—
not permanently, of course, for so far
no one was being completely cleared,
but as permanently as anyone else who
had no.criminal record. For neither
the FBI nor our office has any desire
to persecute a man who has made one
mistake and who is showing every
effort to outlive it. The existence of

Alina Be rmansur et iA

Dillon had nothing but good to say ‘

Denver's alert District “Attorney Bert M. Keating,

who has 44 charges, and

such a record might warrant a second
look, but that was all, and the FBI had
had that second look at Graham and
found nothing.

Back they went to the others, all the
others.

ArD then the other portion of the in-
vestigation brought its own’ de-
velopments—the technical phase.

First, the CAA report. No flaw in the
hydraulic system had caused this ex-
plosion, no leak in the gas line, no en-
gine failure. It could not be traced or
blamed to human error. Unquestion-
ably it came from some outside agency.

But which? Something innocently
shipped on the plane or packed amid
ee Juggage? Or something more sin-

er?

FBI technicians and Expert Wilson
made the discoveries simultaneously.

Dynamite. : :

Beyond any doubt, dynamite had
brought about this explosion, had torn
the plane asunder in flight, had plunged
its wreckage and the bodies of 44 hu-
mans to the earth. Tests of the white
residue established this. So did the
mock-up itself, showing that the explo-
sion had gone outward in three direc-
tions. Dynamite, for some reason, uses
the surface it rests upon as a spring-
board and exerts most damage in all
other directions but that one. | :

From the shredded luggage and the
torn fuselage, the dynamite must have
been in one of-those suitcases, the ex-
perts decided. It couldn’t have been
anywhere else. i .

And dynamite could not be packed
accidentally. Almost beyond a ques-
tion now, this tragedy had been caused
intentionally. It was a ghastly crime,

~the slaying of 44 persons: “Why?-What~

could be the motive? Who could have
sent all 44 to their deaths?

This was not the first such case, the
FBI agents knew.

In 1949, a Canadian Pacific plane
plunged to destruction in the wilder-
ness as the result of a time bomb
planted by a Quebec jeweler who had
tired of his wife. Death toll in that in-
Stance was 26—23 as a result of the
crash and three executed by the Cana-
dian government for complicity in the
plot. ‘

Three others were sentenced to death
in a Similar case in the Philippine Is-
lands the same year, after an airplane

assistant, Gregory Mueller

crash had killed thirteen near Manila.
In 1952 a bomb went off in a plane over
Mexico but damage was light, the pilot
landed safely and only a few of the
Passengers were injured. Two men went
to jail for that in a plot to collect life
insurance on several of the Passengers.
Again in Mexico, in 1953, a similar
bomb had exploded while it was being
unloaded from the plane, killing three

*, workers and sending a man to prison.

This, the FBI believed, was a similar
case. Someone had attempted to kill
Someone, or possibly some group, of
persons on that airliner, and that indi-
vidual had conceived his ghastly scheme
and put it into execution with complete
disregard for the other passengers and
crew members.

Quite possibly, the intended victim
had been only one person. It was 44
deaths for one.

The next development came with
dramatic suddenness and it, too, came
from analysis of the mock-up plane the
experts had constructed in the hangar,

The bomb had been in Cargo Pit No.
Four. No other conclusion was Possible.

And airliner authorities stated that.
only the luggage of the persons who
had boarded the plane in Denver, had
been stored in Cargo Pit No. Four.

Nothing else. No mail. No cargo. Only
the belongings of the four persons who
had come from Denver. :

Mr. Desjardin. The two vacationing
stewardesses.. Mrs. Daisy King, _ the
widow. :

In the luggage of one of those four
the bomb had been planted.

Who could have wanted to kill any

. of those four?
Immediately, with this one observa-
tion, a gredt deal of the work had been
_.made unnecessary. No longer would the
_ investigation cover the entire United
States and a portion of Canada. In-
stead, it could be concentrated, or at
least begun, in Denver.
What person connected with any of
~ those four would have access to or fa-'
miliarity with dynamite? That was the
next question. .

The agents remembered one fact they
had uncovered in their earlier investi-
gation. Jack Graham, son of Daisy

King and the youth with the record for .

forgery, had worked in a logging camp,
according to the probation officers. A
few fast telephone calls identified the
camp, located the supervisor, and
(Continued on Page 49)
VW

at

“Se

Read It First In

Forty-Four Deaths for One (Continued trom Page 11) oppiciat DETECTIVE STORIES

rought out the fact that Graham, while
here, had done quite a bit of work with
ynamite.

But Graham—whose own mother had
cen among the victims, Whose only
connection with any of the passengers
was with his own mother. And who had,
deen so sincere and so heartbroken and
30 repentant over his one slip.

It seemed inconceivable. “

On went the G-Men. Nowhere else,
1ot among any of the persons who had
veen acquainted with the three other
Jenver passengers, could they find any-
ne who had been familiar with dyna-
lite or any such type of explosive.

Where turn next?

To their luggage itself. Would any
f the airport attendants remember any
yecific piece of luggage or anything
bout any specific piece?

No one did. But airline records showed
ne peculiar fact. Mrs. Daisy King’s
ad been 37 pounds overweight and she
ad paid an extra charge for this.

{ONE of the other luggage stored in
Cargo Pit No. Four had been
verweight.

Had that extra 37 pounds concealed
bomb?

Once again the developments were
ointing toward Jack Graham.

And so the G-Men and those who
ere working with them decided upon
n all-out probe of young Mr. Graham.
very facet of his life would be ex-
mined carefully. Every fact concerning
im_ that possibly could be unearthed
ould be. Every source of information,
very acquaintance of his, every neigh-
or, would be questioned. .

In this way, an interesting incident
as brought out. In September, 1955,
remen had been called to the Crown-

Drive-In, the one operated by
‘raham and his mother. A fire had
roken out there, caused by an explo-
on. Fire investigators discovered that
as had caused the explosion and that
mnnections on the gas line had been
osened.

By accident? Possibly. By a prowler,
ossibly. But- here was another
<plosion that conceivably could have
ireatened the life of Mrs. Daisy King.
More records were unearthed, more
ersons questioned: Still another point
ime to life. Earlier in 1955 a truck
wned and driven by Graham somehow
ad stalled on a railroad crossing and
ad been struck by a train and demol-
hed. Graham had explained the stall-
ig satisfactorily to the insurance
ympany and had collected insurance
a the truck.

Not much, maybe. But it involved

‘surance money. And the first story.

ad involved an explosion. The FBI
as investigating an explosion with
surance money .as a possible motive.
The next story that reached the FBI
zents, it seemed, came from unidenti-
ed neighbors of the Grahams in sub-
tban Lakewood. A couple of days
‘ter the tragedy, they claimed, they
ad heard Graham make a chance re-
.ark that he was sorry he had hidden
Christmas present for his mother in
1e of her bags without telling her
rout it.

“Now,” he was alleged to have re-
arked, “‘she’ll never know about my
ttle surprise.” ;
And from Probation Agent Dillon,
1d his assistant, J. R. Scott; Federal
westigators learned that Graham had
adé one of his usual visits to the pro-
_ department after the plane
‘asn.

Dillon told the agents, “Graham’s
other left an estate in excess of-one
indred thousand dollars, over and
dove the insurance policy he took out
, the airport.”

So, on Sunday afternoon, November
’, at one o’clock, Mr. and Mrs. Graham
ere invited to the FBI offices, sup-
»sedly to identify parts of Mrs. King’s
ggage. The pretty Mrs. Graham was
on excused, but Graham was ‘held.
And, according to informants who
innot be quoted, he went along pretty

An actual photograph of a portion of the mock-up experts made after the giant airliner
crashed. Airline Official Mentzer points to the compartment in which the explosion occurred

well answering questions until a clever
interrogator asked: .

“Now that Christmas present you
a for your mother—what about
it?” 5

And Graham, it is claimed, hesitated,
flushed and replied, “What Christmas
present ?’’

After that it was simply a match of
wits, for a bit, between the agents and
Graham. No bright lights were used,
no roughness, no lie machines:

United States District Attorney Don
Kelley was called out of bed in the early
hours of Monday, November 14, to file
a Federal charge of sabotage against
Graham, a charge which carries only a
maximum penalty of ten years in
prison. Kelley explained that sabotage
laws pertaining to airplanes do not
carry a murder clause as do similar laws
involving railroad trains.

Kelley said that Graham signed a
confession.

In that confession, Kelley claimed,
the tall, muscular youth admitted that
he had collected parts of his bomb on
October 18, including 25 sticks of dyna-
mite, a timing device, a six-volt dry cell
“hotshot” battery, two dynamite caps
and about eight feet of wire.

He hid the material in a cardboard
box in the trunk of his 1951 automobile,
Kelley claimed he said, not touching it

again until after five p. m..on Novem-
ber 1, after he watched his mother, Mrs.
King, his wife and 20-month-old son
drive away from home to store her
car in a downtown garage.

Then, Graham declared, according to
Kelley, he got his materials from his
car, hooked up the. wires, timed the
bomb to explode in 90 minutes and
placed it in one of his mother’s suit-
cases, which he was to take to the air-

port.

At the airport, Graham walked with
his mother and family to the passenger
gate, where they all said good-by. They

. watched: Mrs. King board the plane,

watched it taxi dowri the long runway,
lift, and disappear into the night.
Arraigned a few hours after this al-
leged confession, Graham was held un-
der $100,000 bond on the Federal charge.
Meantime, ‘through the cooperation
of Kelley, J. Edgar Hoover and the
United States Department of Justice,
officials decided to turn Graham over
to Denver District Attorney Keating,
who filed first-degree murder charges

against Graham, based on his mother’s .

death, on Tuesday, November 15.

Two days later Graham again was
brought into court, this time on the
Colorado charge, and a hearing was
postponed. The following morning,
Friday, November 18, he told a news-

paper reporter that his confession was
not true and that he had not manufac-
tured any bomb.

|NVESTIGATORS for the FBI and

the other agencies had not been rest-
ing, of course. They had traced
Graham’s movements for weeks as
well as sales of dynamite and timing
devices. On Monday, November 21,
announcement was made that a store-
keeper in Kremmling, Colorado, had
identified Graham as the man who
had purchased from 20 to 25 sticks of
dynamite from him and that purchase
of the timing device also had been
traced to Graham.

One point stands out in the minds of _
the investigators. The big plane had
been late in reaching Denver and late
in leaving. Only eleven minutes were
left on the timing device when it finally
took to the air.

Eleven minutes more of delay and the
bomb could have gone off in the airport,
killing many more than the 44 it did
kill, possibly killing even Graham.

Graham is being held pending,
further .action as this issue of OFFI-
CIAL DETECTIVE STORIES Magazine
goes to press. For the facts on what
happens eventually to the charges
against him, watch “Up to the Minute”
in future issues.

49

Bomb at
Guardia

ued from page 39)

\icroscope, he watched spe-
formations develop. This
on of heroin. But he had

| * qualitative test to make,
| ih dry powder and mercuric

crystal formations devel-
ooked like tiny bundles of
a central binding.

ician was not finished. Un-
. he had to ascertain the
heroin. The public health
Ԥ an intent to sell if there
e or more of material in
er cent or more of the sub-
coin.

ad out one gram, approxi-
30th of an ounce, of the
solved it in distilled water
ory funnel, added one drop
id and 20 drops of ammo-
oxide, then a tiny bit of

the mixture thoroughly,
alkaloid from the distilled
chloroform. As the ammon-
de had made the heroin in-
ater. the chemist knew that
ild be mixed with the
vopped the shaking,
e repeated the pro-
vvuig une chloroform in the
unnel,
was almost done. He re-
iloroform into an evaporat-
ich he put on a steam bath.
chloroform evaporated in
wing only pure heroin. Any
hich was not heroin, but a

| nt, would have remained in

. water.
ist weighed the pure heroin _

aft. It was exactly one gram,
he had used for the test,
1e packet had contained un-

sackets contained the iden-
der, the seizure would be
; $350,000 in the illicit retail
r it was diluted.
‘atory report was ready be-
Jiscount reached Atlanta.
dlane landed, officers went
chett was asleep, and a de-
> him up.

a piece of luggage behind
k,” he said.

"said Hatchett. “This is all
: pointed to a leather brief

|: your ticket,” the detective

\irlines’ policy is to staple
> claim checks to each pas-
cet, instead of slipping them
on of the ticket envelope.

handed it over. Tiny holes
. holes that could have been

' staple.

s brief case contained
papers and a notebook. On
1e carried a wallet with $117
i several cards and papers,

/ 1a New York State driving

he name of Richard Alston.
Mrs. Richard Alston was on
per in the overnight case at
. Field.

is neck the man wore a good
; in his pockets were other
ich the officers recognized

| favored by practitioners or

f voodooism—and a switch-

d of the line until we
ne matter of a piece
ifficer told Hatchett—

shrugged his shoulders and
.d the officers quietly.

New York police were notified about
+nis-detention and given the address on
the operator’s license, on 108th Ave-
nue, South Jamaica, in Queens County.

Detectives hurried to the address.

The door of the rather shabby-look-
ing house was opened by a woman who
said her name was Leila Walker. When
the officers stepped inside they were
struck by the contrast to the exterior.
Obtaining permission to look around,
they found expensive furnishings,
broadloom in most of the rooms, thick
enough for a swanky hotel, a sheaf of
paid bills for more than $15,000 worth
of improvements, hundreds of glassine

envelopes, 30 keys in Leila’s pocket- -

book—and two ounces of white powder
which the detectives were sure would
prove to be more heroin.

Leila, who said she was Alston's wife,
denied knowledge of the dope. She was
taken to Jamaica headquarters, charged
with possession of narcotics with intent
to sell, possession of burglary tools (the

-keys) and conspiracy. Laboratory

analysis quickly proved that the white
powder was heroin.

Sus denying that the overnight bag

was his, Alston waived extradition to
New York, and Detectives Hudson and
John Scanlon went to Atlanta and re-
turned him.

Arraigned in: Queens felony court,
Alston was held in $125,000 bail on
charges of illegal possession of narcotics
with intent to sell and with conspiracy.
Leila Walker’s bail was set at $12,500.

At the time this story was written,
legal proceedings against Richard Al-
ston, 44, and Leila Walker, 47, were
pending. )

Police headquarters had to close out
its teletype report of a bomb scare at
La Guardia Field. It did, with the rou-
tine phrase, “Bomb alarm unfounded.”

But the authorities still are wonder-
ing whether the bomb report that day
‘was merely a coincidence, or a delib-

erate effort to force the search of the.

luggage and the resultant discovery of

‘the dope. They probably will never

know.

John Gilbert Graham

Double
Trouble

(Continued from page 33)

“See if you can locate her,” McPher-
son suggested.

Late that afternoon Stern burst into
McPherson’s office bubbling with excite-
ment. “I think we’ve got it made!” he
announced.

“You located the woman?”

“Yeah. She’s Mrs. Leona Palumbo. I
went to her house, and she was just
coming out the door. And she was wear-
ing Capri pants and a beige coat and
carrying a bucket-shaped purse!”

“What's her husband look like?”

“I didn’t see him, but I asked some
of the neighbors. He doesn’t fit the de-
scription of. the bandit very well. But
there’s one thing more about the
woman.

“She has an eleven-year-old daugh-
ter. The kid would wear about a size-five
shoe. Remember, the clerk said the
woman asked about a pair of boots for
her daughter.”

“Let’s get a bunch of pictures and
show them to the clerk,” McPherson
suggested. “If she picks Mrs. Palumbo,
maybe we can wrap this one up in a
hurry.”

McPherson worked with the Criminal
Investigation Division of the Defense
Department before joining the Lynwood
force. He is adept at compiling evidence
that will be admissible in court.

The detectives drove back to the store
and McPherson told the girl clerk he
wanted her to look at some photos.

“Just pick out features that resemble
the woman you saw last night,” he sug-
gested. “That way we may be able to get
a composite picture of the suspect.”

The detectives had selected two dozen

-photographs of-women-about the same ~

age, coloring and weight as Mrs. Pa-
lumbo, The clerk examined a number
of them. She picked out the hair of one,
the eyes of another and the rather full
‘face of still a third as resembling the
woman bandit.’

Without saying anything, McPherson
offered her the picture of Mrs. Palumbo.

“That’s her!” the girl clerk cried.
“That's the woman!”

“Are you sure?”

“I am absolutely positive.”

Baoan store manager was asked to look
at the picture. He was not as positive
as the girl. “I had a better look at the
man,” he said. “But I would say this

_ picture resembles the woman.”

“Would you be able to identify the
man?” McPherson asked. :

“I think I could.”

He questioned the girl clerk. “If we ar-

ranged a line-up of ten women, all of
whom looked similar, do you think you
could pick out the bandit if she were
among them?”
_ “I’m positive I could,” the girl de-
clared. ‘When she took my ring, I just
glared at her. I won’t forget what she
looks like in a hurry.”

“We'll probably call on you in the
morning to come to headquarters,” Mc-
Pherson advised both employees.

The detectives next paid a visit to
Mrs. Palumbo, who lived in the nearby
community of Hawthorne.

“What is it-about?” she demanded
when the detectives identified them-
selves.

“We'd like to know where you were
around six o’clock last night.”

“My husband and I went to a restau-
rant for dinner last night. We probably
were there at about that time.” —

“Was anyone else with you?”

“No, just the two of us.”

Stern said: “We had an idea you
might have been in Lynwood, shopping
for a pair of boots for your daughter in
a sporting-goods store.” .

The detectives watched carefully to

note Mrs. Palumbo’s reaction to the-

J. Albert Guay

A= bomb scares, such as the one in the

story on page 37, are not uncommon. All are
investigated thoroughly and most prove to be
hoaxes. But hoax pr grim reality, the words
“There’s a bomb on your plane!” never fail to
bring to the minds of airlines officials, fearful mem-
ories of the John Graham case.

On November 1, 1955, Mrs. Daisy King kissed
her son, John Graham, goodbye at the Denver
Airport, and boarded a United Air Lines plane
bound for Portland, Oregon. On this plane were
43 other persons.

The plane was airborne only eleven minutes
before it exploded in mid-air. All 43 died.

The CAB quickly determined that a bomb had
caused the fatal crash. The FBI was called in to
investigate. Eleven days later G-men announced
that the bomber had been found. He was John

Gilbert Graham. His motive: to collect a $37,500
trip-insurance policy he held on his mother’s life.
He was executed.

In 1949, a Canadian man, J. Albert Guay,
placed a bomb aboard a Quebec Airlines plane.
Twenty-three on the plane—among them Guay’s
wife, Rita—were killed in the ensuing crash. Guay
had tricked a woman into delivering the bomb to
the airport minutes before takeoff. His motive ¢
was a bit different: he wanted his wife out of the
way so he could marry his mistress. Guay also
was executed. ;

A time bomb caused the crash on April 12,
1955, of an Air India Constellation into the South
China Sea. Seven crew members and eleven Red
Chinese delegates to the African-Asian Confer-
ence at Bandung were killed. The saboteur of this
plane never has been found. :

cee NUR trea n rn

Race


r

tary report was made by a Fredericks-
burg detective—Mrs. Eastridge, mother
of the slain woman, had been inter-
viewed and was positive that on Thurs-
day night, just preceding the slayings,
the husband’ had telephoned from
Fredericksburg and asked to speak to
his children.

“He was on his way back to Newark
from a haul to Florida. He stopped over
at his own mother’s home Thursday
night,” the detective reported. ‘We
haven’t been able to determine just
deny he left or which direction he

Lloyd went to Mrs. Eastridge’s home,
a spacious, Colonial-style residence.
Her eyes red-rimmed, her hands trem-
bling violently each time she mentioned
her daughter’s name, the mother con-
firmed the fact that Virginia’s husband
had telephoned Thursday night. Had
he inquired about his wife’s where-
abouts? She was unable to recall.
Where was he now? She did not know.
Did she have any idea who might have
wanted to kill her daughter? She shook
her head.

Then, with a deep sigh; “She had a
fellow, Roger Berrens. He sometimes
brought her here on week ends. But
he impressed me as being a nice person.”

To Lloyd, this was a lost cause.
“What did you know about Aubrey
Jackson?” he asked.

Very little, she said, except that
everyone spoke highly of him, even
Roger Berrens.

HAT about Curtis Satterwhite?
She knew very little about him.

2 had given Virginia a ride home one

‘ek end and had seemed to be a po-

ely jovial person. ‘“‘There’s only one
thing, though. I got the impression he
liked Virginia as—well, as more than a
friend.”

Lloyd considered this thought for a
moment or two. It was entirely possible
that Satterwhite also had become in-
terested in the attractive woman who
had purchased his bungalow. Possibly
he had fallen in love with Mrs. Jett.
So had Jackson. So had Berrens. What
could it mean? Was there a fourth?

After learning the exact name of the
firm employing the husband, Lloyd
hurried into Fredericksburg, where he
held a brief consultation with the de-
tective who had developed the initial
lead on the husband’s telephone call.

The officers figured that the home
office of the trucker could provide an
accurate account of his movements. In
less than an hour, a routing official of
the concern telephoned from Newark
that the husband, at two p. m. Friday
had paused briefly in Washington,
D. C., then had proceeded to Towson,
Maryland, where a number of furniture
items were picked up for delivery in
Philadelphia. The company official
named the specific address where the
husband was supposed to have been at
five p. m., Friday. Late that afternoon
the company official’s report was fully
corroborated by Washington and Tow-
son, Maryland, detectives.

Back at Ashland, an exhaustive study
of possessions found in the bungalow
and methodical and persistent investi-
gation of the horde of tips and rumors
that had swamped the Sheriff’s office
availed little.

Early that night, Lloyd and Hou-
chins, hoping that Satterwhite could
help them, drove to the hospital.

In the brief questioning permitted,

“another puzzling factor emerged—Sat-

terwhite said that as he staggered out of
the bungalow, dazed and frightened, he
had not noticed the bodies on the couch.

“Did you look in that direction?”
asked Lloyd.

“How could I miss something like
that?”

“1 don't want to disturb you too
much, Mr. Satterwhite, but can you
tell me if they were still in the house
when you went into your room for a
nap?”

“I don’t know. They had said they
were going for more whisky.”

Before leaving the hospital, the offi-
cers learned that although Satterwhite
indeed had lost an eye, the aim of the
gunman had been somewhat hurried.
The bullet had penetrated his upper

lip, angled through his nose and the
bony structure of his face and then
torn out his left eye. Just such a wound
would have been inflicted if he had
been stretched out on the bed asleep—
as he said.

“One angle bothers me in particu-
lar,” Lloyd said. “Where were Mrs. Jett
and Jackson when he was shot?”

* Houchins had no ready answer. Un-
less, he said, they indeed had gone out
and the killer had hidden on the prem-
ises awaiting their return.

“T realize,” he added, “that a theory
like that sounds absolutely impossible.
But so far nothing has made sense.”

Lloyd remained silent. Then, as the

ee up speed past the city

Early the following morning, the offi-
cers met at Ashland Headquarters for
another huddle. And Lloyd, after sev-
eral matters had been discussed, said
suddenly: “Coming back from the hos-
pital yesterday, I had an idea that
something was funny about this case.”

“Such as what?” asked the Sheriff.

-“The fact that Satterwhite is still
alive. Look, he supposedly was asleep,
the other two were awake, yet he’s the
only one who survived.”

“What about it?”

“Let’s take a good look at his story in
the light of the evidence back there at
that house.”

They drove to the death bungalow
and on the way Lloyd said, “If Satter-

“Forty-Four Deaths for One.”

Up to the Minute

KILLER who wants to die and his attorney who wants to save

his life, battled in court this past month over that very point.
John Gilbert Graham, who caused the death of his own mother
and 43 others when he planted a bomb on an airliner in Denver,
had been found guilty and sentenced to death. He asked the court
dA for immediate execution; his attorney asked for a new trial. The
court agreed with the convicted man this time; a new trial was
denied and execution date set for early Fall.

The story of the painstaking rebuilding of the bombed plane
and the tracing of Graham appeared in OFFICIAL DETECTIVE
STORIES Magazine in the January, 1956, issue, under the title,

Elsewhere, stoic Fillmore Young was sentenced to 150 years

in prison for killing Harold Smith of Lebanon, Illinois, Young also
was charged with the slaying of Mrs. Smith; he had invaded their
lonely home, killed them, stuffed their bodies into his car and
thrown them into an isolated, abandoned well. Young will be eligi-
ble for parole in 50 years, when he will be 85; authorities have with-
drawn the charges against him for killing Mrs. Smith.

Detective work in this case, which began with discovery of the
home empty, bullet-pocked and bloodstained, appeared in the
March, 1956, issue, entitled, “Caught on a Misplaced Towel.”

In Brooklyn, New York, a jury accepted the plea of husky
handyman Gordon Garvin, that he had killed petite Arlette Col-
lins, a war bride, in self-defense, and found him not guilty of the
murder charges brought against him. Garvin has been released

and cleared of all charges.

1956, issue.

ing His Way to. Security.”

Detective work done in this case was published in the May,

Greenskeeper and hunting guide Donald Theis, employe of a
swank private club near New City, New York, will have little guid-
ing to do for some time. A court has sentenced him to 20 years to
life when he changed his plea to guilty in the midst of his trial for
slaying his boss, Myron Hough, club superintendent. '

The March, 1956, OFFICIAL published the story of work done
by officials first in finding out what had happened to Hough, then
in establishing that Theis was involved, under the title, “Shoot- .

Legal moves in a criminal case sometimes drag on long after
the detective work done in that case is current. To keep readers up
to date on the final outcome of such moves, this department
appears regularly on these pages.—The Editor.

limits, he said, softly: “Maybe that’s
the answer—maybe the impossible did
happen in this case.”

The Chief Deputy darted a glance at
him. “What's on your mind?”

Lloyd leaned back wearily against the
seat cushion. “I’m not sure. Right now
I’m so bushed I can’t think straight.
Maybe with a little rest we can put it
together, huh?”

Houchins shrugged. At the pace they
had been moving, without sleep and
almost without food, everything was
taking on a ragged perspective. “We'll
just have to take it easy for awhile,” he
said.

The owner of the .22 rifle was ques-
tioned that night. He thoroughly satis-
fied the officials that he had no perti-
nent knowledge and merely had loaned
the weapon to Satterwhite as far back
as Christmas. Following the interview,
the weapon and the recovered slugs
were sent to the FBI laboratory in
Washington.

white was lying down and the bullet
went through his face, it would have
ploughed into the headboard of the bed
and we should find it there. .

“However, if a man fired a shot like
that at himself, planning only to graze
his face, he'd be sitting or standing and
he’d hold the stock of the gun down
near the floor and the bullet would go
into the ceiling.”

“In other words,” said Houchins, “we
can prove his story by where we find
the bullet hole.”

“possibly,” Lloyd stated. ‘Here’s
another. thing—the gun in Mrs. Jett’s
lap. If a man had shot himself in the
bedroom his first reaction would be to
drop the gun and run for help. Then
he might remember the gun and go
back and get it—and leave three trails
of blood if he was bleeding, one out of
the bedroom, one back in and one out
a second time.”

“He would leave a trail of blood in
the living room, too,” Sheriff Vaughan

added, “in spots where the two dead
persons couldn’t possibly have bled;
they both died instantly.”

The officers once more went over the
bungalow carefully.

In the bedroom where Satterwhite
had been shot they found a bullet hole,
all right—in the ceiling, and not in the
wall or headboard of the bed.

On the bedroom floor they found
three distinct trails of blood.

And on the far end of the couch, op-
posite the spots where the bodies had
been discovered, they came across
another bloodstain, obviously from
some other person.

But what could the motive be?

Unrequited love? Possibly, if Mrs.
Jett and Jackson finally had reached
an understanding. Money? It might be
involved, seeing that Mrs. Jett had
been unable to make any payments on
the house she had purchased from
Satterwhite. Or perhaps a combination
of the two.

The officers decided to look more
closely into the relationship among the
three who had been shot, Jackson, Sat-
terwhite and Mrs. Jett. For seven days
they questioned all their acquaintances
and neighbors closely.

Oddly enough, Roger Berrens re-
vealed that he himself possibly had un-
knowingly escaped becoming another
victim.

“T definitely recall,” he told the offi-
cials, “that as I was leaving Friday,
Satterwhite urged me to stay. He
caught me by the arm and said he’d
fix a good steak dinner and get some
other women and even drive me to
work later. He had never done anything
like that before. Usually, he’d like noth-
ing better than if I left.”

On Tuesday, April 17, Lloyd, State
Investigator R. H. Kaufelt, Jr., Sheriff
Vaughan, and Chief Deputy Houchins
met Satterwhite as he was. released
from the Medical College of Virginia
Hospital, fully recovered except for his
eye. As his ex-con acquaintance, the
one who had purchased liquor for him
on occasion, had predicted, he was little
disheartened even by the loss of the eye.

“Even with one eye I can see that
I’ve got a big welcoming party. I’m at
your convenience, gentlemen,” he said.

Tieless but dressed in a _ neatly
pressed brown suit, Satterwhite walked
steadily to a waiting police car and was
taken to Division One Headquarters.

HROUGHOUT a three-hour ques-
tioning, Satterwhite calmly main-
tained that he knew nothing about the
slayings, who had committed them or
how the gun he had borrowed had come
to be on Mrs. Jett’s lap.

“Y’ve told you exactly what happened
to me. That’s all I know. I shall not
change my story for you or anyone
else,” he insisted.

At the end of the questioning he was
placed under formal arrest, and a war-
rant read that charged he “deliberately,
with premeditation and malice afore-
thought, did murder one Aubrey Jack-
son against the peace and dignity of the
Commonwealth.” The same charge was
made concerning Mrs. Jett.

After failing to post bond of $40,000,
Satterwhite was taken to the Richmond
cmd Jail to await further legal proceed-
ings.

On May 3, 1956, as a huge throng
trampled over the green lawns of Ash-
land’s Municipal Building, Curtis Sat-
terwhite was brought before Judge J. L.
Landram in a preliminary hearing. Al-
though the prisoner waived testimony,
county and state officials testified at
length, together with nearly a score of
witnesses. At the end of the proceeding,
Judge Landram ordered the accused
man held for action of a Hanover
County grand jury.

He was indicted for both killings on
May 21. As this issue of OFFICIAL DE-
TECTIVE STORIES goes to press, Cur-
tis Satterwhite remains in the Rich-
mond City Jail awaiting further legal
action. Keep your eye on “Up to the
Minute” for the final disposition of this
case.

To protect innocent persons, the
names Roger Berrens and Tom Hech-
inger are fictitious in this story.

45


around 1900. /
_ “Few men living today,” George reminisced, “can |
say that they met or saw any of the notorious out-
___ laws of that day. I’ve rubbed shoulders with a few —
Jesse James’ brother, |

who plied his trad

hack at the corner of _ Creede picked up a million and a half from the Amethyst
with the flare and {| Chance Mine in 1891. Photo taken, 1895. (Col. State Hist.
. true gambler, t the eager crowd gath- Society)

move the wrapper from —
then wrap a $20.00 bill |
pper and drop it into his _

eir bets from $1.00 to
e the lucky one. Suck-

/ ‘Probably I am one of the few |
_{ Who can say that he saw the last
hanging in Denver in 1888,
| -George recalled, “when a N
| ‘Nigger Greene’ held up : ) on
Santa Fe Street. Father and I. happened to be driv- e
_ Ing home in a buggy when we noticed a crowd gath- :
ering about a huge cottonwood tree, growing out on »
_a flat, called the ‘Hangin’ Tree.’ Father stopped the ike.
_ buggy and said, ‘Look, son! They’re hanging poor old _&
Nigger Greene.’ Well, I sat there wide-eyed until fey
the old fellow dangled from a tree limb, feeling |
_ nothing, as I recall: because hangings in those days
_ were common occurrences; that was the way thieves ©
and murderers were dealt with, and I supposed this |
\_ hanging had the sanction of the court. - aay
_ “For a young boy: Denver was exciting. I'liked [4°
it but Father, hearing that Creede was booming |®
“936


Below: Bob Ford’s funeral
State Hist. Sotiety)

at Creede, Colorado.

(Colorado

Sone Schgol: was”
) Father sent for.

ede bes the. family but.
d sister oe ne

ed at the junction. of t “be
they discovered float, Ww

overed: the aaieet Ming!
a we nuunpere ee on! —

‘bine the cliffs—j ust a boomtown built o

n terraces—and Father found plenty to do. Every ©

available _ foot of earth was peppered with build-

ings, cabins, tents, and shacks stuck here and there _
f in niches against the steep cliff walls; some of the

_ buildings, resting precariously on stilts, some strad-

dling roaring Willow Creek. The over-flow from _

Creede—spreading out on a flat a short distance

from town, was called Jimtown but the locals re- a
3 ected to it as ‘Gintown.’ :

“Anyway, when we arrived, ond hereafter until

- Creede folded, it was really a tough, noisy camp,
: overflowing with miners, gamblers, outlaws, shady


:
|

|
{

wr

GREEN

Andrew,

—

black, hanged at Denver, Colorado, on July 27, 1656,

George Walters Jr., resident of Yarnell, Arizona, who met some of the famous
badmen of the old west. (Photo by author)
~ gg PIONEER WEST MAGAZINE, September, 197he- 3 =e Se


Hike

eenacid Se ee ae

The Cowboy, Edward O’Kelly who shot Bob Ford at Creede,
Colorado.

(Denver Historical Society)

.Bob Ford who killed Jesse James in 1882 and was in turn

killed by Edward O’Kelly.

(Hist. Society of Denver)

Nl umerous incidents of historical value have been
lost to the pages of history because some old-
timer who was ‘there when” didn’t turn up to re-
count them. In this instance, I met George C. Wal-
ters, Jy., of Yarnell, Arizona, who was born in 1880
and chanced to meet a few of these outlaws then
prowling the West. His first run-in with them oc-
curred in Denver and Creede, Colorado, when he
was a very young boy.

George’s father, Walters Sr., married Rose Sand- ° »

ers at Buffalo, New York, and there were two chil-
dren, Walters Jr., and Evelyn Louise. Walters Sr.,
a general contractor, obviously was born with rest-
less feet, for George recalled, “It seemed we began
moving around a lot. We left Buffalo and moved to
Chicago and shortly after maved on to Minnesota.
It was here that everybody was talking of going
West or was already heading there, and the urge
to buck the West took hold of Father. Why not try
his own luck out there where he had been told that
men could make fortunes overnight?”

So in 1884, Walters Sr., packed the tools of his
trade, and with his family, headed for Denver, where
he had been told that a contractor could find “plenty
of work.” “.

“Even though I was only a little tike,” George Jr.,
recalled, “I remember talk of the hundreds of wagon
trains then rumbling over the old Oregon Trail.
Father said numbers of these people were home-
steaders who had been burned out by the hot winds
that had swept the Kansas plains, and who were

on their way to find new locations in the lush, open -
Oregon Country. However, many of them finding

it convenient to make rest stops in Denver, must
have liked what they found there for they stayed.

“T recall clearly our first home in Denver. It was
a comfortable, pretty house, on the corner of 17th
and Lawrence streets—then a street of nice private
homes. The first school I attended was the Arapaho
School, built behind the old Club Building. My first
teacher was Miss Jessie Williams. She taught me to
sing. I learned a song called ‘Polly Waddle, Doodle
All Day.’ I sang it so well that Miss Jessie had me
sing it at the commencement party at the Colfax
High School... and did I make a hit?”

George recalled a number of incidents that still
stood out vividly from those early childhood days
in Denver. One as the excitement he felt when the
Mountain Men—about the last of those colorful,
long-haired fellows, dressed in coonskin caps and
fringed buckskin clothes—riding up and down Lara-
mie Street. Then he could look out most anywhere
and see the old prospectors punching their burros
through town;-some of them going out_into_the hills
to make their fortunes; others plodding back home
broke, hoping to find another grubstake which would
enable them to again try their luck.

“Haw Tabor was then postmaster of Denver and
a well-known character about town. Haw was the
man with the ‘silver touch,’ and the first citizen of
Leadville. He began piling up a fortune when he
grubstaked August Rische and Theodore Hook at
the

maercae neon 1

Little Pittsburgh Mine. Haw had built the Tabor ©

| would.

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POPP OR S26: SLE, ‘Oa

“party house” om Oartis strest, Nev. £2, 280%,
‘Kabde Ivew kind Prtvelneas: Berry Unate «nd bore
wounded Ruttpiman Bohert X. Evens, snd— Seocte tm De

Sm |MOTHER DREAMS IVES Go ES
ee FREE AS HE DIES ON ROF

The Fleagie gangsters who gre

acc thn ait "pe | Declares She Saw Eddie Coming Out of ‘Bighouse;
a eee dier eoeeolec ula Hanging 3 Kept From Her eae. 3 SEX APPEAL.

Expresses Happiness, Believing Son Safe. WINNER |

When « heavy weight jerked the (By poROTHY BATTLE.)
BRERC: body.” Of: Sven: te: Nie Coote “Eddie's free—I feel it in my bones. . Who set him free? MENTAL AF

from the floor of the execution
‘chamber: late Friday, Warden: Fran- | \Ve}!]——~”’ }

cs E- spe The mother of Eddie Ives screwed up her dried-fig feee. She
didn't know Saturday that they had hanged her boy late ae Gece 9 Frem Page ©

night at the Canon City penitentiary. romance disproved the thec
at : a Tyan she brightened. “I guess it was God,” she said. “God long acquaintanceship before
3 earenein for the re.| and the warden. It's funny thing, but I dreamed last night that | tiage meens happy wedded lif
the: year— hangman's I saw my Eddie comin’ out of the highouse---that’ + what “used “ hoe =a aie id
to call it—the bighouse. Bh eaten abe “fT paseyts sister
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Disseif.” Ere she noe ather members of the family sila, ihe wife testified.
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MOTHER DREAMS. IVES
FREE AS HE DIES

Declares She Saw Eddie Coming Out of ‘Bighouse;
News of Hanging Is Kept From Her. as She
Expresses appiness, Believing Son Safe.

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present duty of 176
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i,t


These 12 Persons Will Decide Airline Dynamiting Case

ae eT ee , pr a8: AP WIREPHOTO

GELECTION of a jury of seven men and five women, with a woman alter- needed for Graham’s “deliberately, wilfully and with malice aforethought”

nate, was completed at Denver, Colo., Monday in the trial of John Gil- causing the death of his mother in the dynamiting of an airplane in Novem-
bert Graham, 24. Prosecutor Bert Keating told the jury the death penalty is _ ber. Forty-four persons were killed in the blast.

——

[ RUZOK os Graham Jury Set

N : A) DENVER Colo
. , -— (UP) —A]:
epee, spr VY Omen .8°ven men and five

bomb j
ph plot that killed 44 per-|:

DTA KR Ea
Met. | cobra [WwW
d _ 23 (GSS


Monday, March 14, 1094

Pr JOENVER Post

CRIMEFrs PUNISHMENT

Capital deaths
: >

peaked in ’3Qs

By Ginny McKibben

Denver Post Staff Writer

Luis Monge walked into the gas
chamber with a rosary in his hand
and a smile on his face.

It was June 2, 1967. Man had not
yet walked on the moon. Lyndon
Johnson was president. War raged
in Vietnam

Monge was about to go down in
history as well. He became the
77th — and last — man executed
by Colorado. Fourteen others have
been on death row since the spring
day Monge died in the gas cham-
ber, but the death penalty has not
been carried out since

Today, the gas chamber is rele-
gated to the privately owned Colo-
rado Territorial Prison Museum,
just one more
artifact to be
ogled by Cafion
City tourists.
Colorado's new
method of exe-
cution is injec-
tion. Adopted
in 1988, it has
never been
used

The stream
of Colorado ex-
, ecutions began

to wane well before it dried up en-
tirely 27 years ago. After a peak of
25 executions in the 1930s, state-
sanctioned deaths dipped to 13 in
the 1940s. Three men were execut-
ed in the '50s and six more in the
60s

A U.S. Supreme Court decision
subsequently outlawed capital
punishment until 1977, but the
death penalty has continued un-
used in Colorado.

Monge, who killed his wife and
three of their 10 children, report-
edly welcomed death. Those who
met him during the months before
he was executed believe that he
was so despondent over his crime
that he encour-
aged authori-
ties to take his
life.

. Monge ap-
parently tried
to wipe out the
family in
shame for his
alleged acts of
incest. He club-

Luis Monge

bed, stabbed
John Graham and choked his
wife, Leonar-

da, 43, and the three children on
June 29, 1963. Then he broke down
and called authorities to report his
crimes. Police found the victims,
washed and laid side by side, in
Monge’s bed. —

Although he knew he faced the
death penalty, Monge pleaded
guilty on Oct. 23, 1963. Then
‘Monge was granted a brief and
tearful reunion in the courtroom
with his other seven children.

Faced with a choice of giving re-
morseful Monge a sentence of
death or life imprisonment, a jury
sent him to the gas chamber.

Even with Monge's cooperation,
the process of execution took near-
ly four years.

Capital punishment in Colorado
was meted out much more rapidly
during the 1930s, when the state
“sent an all-time high of 15 men to
‘the gallows and 10 more to the gas
chamber. During the Depression,
‘many of those executed were
‘Toaming bandits who killed during
‘robberies of banks and ranchers.

Three young thieves, Claude
Ray, John Walker and Andrew
Halliday, convicted of robbing the
Manter bank and killing a Kiowa

, Executioner’s song fades in Colo.

‘

The Denver Post / Gien Martin
DOOM ROOM: A gas cham-
ber on display at the prison.

County sheriff's deputy while mak-
ing their getaway, were executed
in January 1931. Only 10 months
elapsed between their conviction
and execution.

During the ’30s, newspaper ac-
counts took a moralistic view of
capital punishment. The Denver
Post reported shortly before their
deaths that the three members of
the Manter gang, who took $3,000
in loot and the deputy’s life, would
die in “atonement for their crime.”

Gassing became the official
method of state executions in 1934.
William Cody Kelly was the first
murderer in Colorado to die from
inhaling hydrocyanic acid gas. He
was executed June 22 of that year.

Kelly’s death sentence, imposed
for a murder committed during a
robbery, was the first that went
withoul review by the state su-
preme court.

John Gilbert Graham, perhaps
Colorado's most notorious killer,
died in the gas chamber on Jan. 11,
1957. Graham, 24, was convicted
of planting a 25-stick dynamite
bomb in the suitcase of his mother,
Daisy King, before she boarded a
plane. Forty-four passengers died
in the explosion that ripped
through the United Airlines trans-
port as it flew over Longmont.

Prosecutors said Graham or-
chestrated the mass murder to col-
lect a $37,500 airline insurance
policy on his mother. Denver ju-
rors deliberated 69 minutes before

enalty as a potential punish-
he state hasn't executed a pris-

The Denver Post / Glen Martin
LOCKED UP: The three inmates on Colorado's death row live in this prison in Cafion City.

ABOUT THE SERIES

@ YESTERDAY: Colorado has a death penalty, or does it? On-
ly 3 percent of all first-degree murder cases since 1980 have
been prosecuted with the death
ment, That's 31 of 1,000 cases.
oner since 1967, and none of the three inmates on death row is
in imminent danger of being put to death.

@ TODAY: Colorado prosecutors say the scales of justice
have been heavily tilted against them In death-penalty cases. A
single juror reacting out of sympathy can derail a powerful case
in seconds, they say. Critics of the death penalty contend that is
as it should be. They can point to ugly cases in the state's histo-
ry, including one where a 16-year-old black was burned at the
stake by a mob that took the law into its own hands.

sentencing him to death.

Graham walked into the gas
chamber stoically. Witnesses said
he was calm until the poisonous
pellets were dropped. Then he
gasped, screamed and fell uncon-
scious. Minutes later, he was dead.

Probably the most shocking tale
in Colorado's history of crime and
punishment stems from a so-called
“citizen execution” that occurred
at the turn of the century — a time
ie the state had temporarily
abolished the death penalty.

Louise Frost, 11, a white school-
girl, was assaulted and murdered
on Nov. 8, 1900, as she drove her
buggy to church in Limon. A short
time later, 16-year-old Preston
John Porter Jr., who was black,
was picked up in Denver and
named as the suspect. According
to accounts in The Denver Evening
Post, a confession was obtained

from Porter. His shoes were said
to fit the killer's tracks.

Public sentiment swelled
against Porter, who had served
time in a Kansas reformatory for
assaulting a white girl. The Post
reported that residents of Limon
believed Porter guilty and were in
the mood to lynch him.

On Nov. 16, when the sheriff re-
turned the youth to Limon on a
Union Pacific train. a mob was
ready. Angry townspeople boarded
the train and yanked Porter off

They took him to a spot near
where Frost's body was found and
chained him to a stake. Wood was
piled around his feet and legs, then
splashed with kerosene. R.W
Frost, Louise’s father, reportedly
touched a match to the pyre.

A year later, the Colorado Legis-
lature made capital punishment
legal again

Infamous
case fuels
argument
in Kansas

By The Associated Press

TOPEKA, Kan — Almost
35 years after the Clutter
family homestead became a
slaughterhouse, Kansas leg-
islators debating the death
penalty still speak movingly,
almost intimately, of Herb,
Bonnie, Nancy and Kenyon,
the four victims no one can
forget

lt was the state s most in
famous murder case, even
without the notoriety
brought by “in Cold Blood,”
Truman Capote's “nonfiction
novel” that was later made
into a somber black-and-
white movie

In making their argu-
ments, opponents and sup
porters of capital punish-
ment refer frequently to the
Clutter murders

“It’s a point of remem-
brance,”” said state Rep
Clyde Graeber, chairman of
the House committee that
considers capital-punish-
ment legislation

“It's like a Bible."” said
Rep. David Heinemann, an
attorney who as a teenager
lived 4 miles from the Clut-
ters’ home outside Holcomb
in southwestern Kansas

“We can look at it through
our own lenses and substanti-
ate our own viewpoints,” he
said.

This legislative session,
Kansas is closer than ever to
restoring the death penalty

Each house of the legisla-
ture has passed its own bill,
and a joint conference com-
mittee took up the signifi-
cantly different versions last
Thursday. Reaching a com-
promise ts expected to take a
few weeks

Most supporters think a
bill eventually will pass

Goy. Joan Finney opposes
capital punishment but has
promised to let a bill become
law without her signature

Kansas is one of 14 states
without a death penalty. Be-
fore the U.S. Supreme Court
declared all death penalty
laws unconstitutional in
1972, Kansas executed pris-
oners by hanging

Leslie Irvin, four days before he was
scheduled to be transferred to a death-row
cell at Indiana State Prison, escaped from
the county jail at Princeton where he’d
been held. Irvin was tried for the murder
of filling station attendant W. Wesley Kerr,

iF]

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one of the six people he is accused of mur-
dering in a reign of terror in the Evans-
ville, Ind., area (The Monstrous Six, July
INSIDE, 1955), and was found guilty of
first-degree murder by a jury of 12 men
who also recommended the death. penalty.
Irvin, also accused of the murders of three
members of the Goebel Duncan family and

had been forced into.a kneeling position be-
fore being shot through the head, allegedly
gave an oral confession to the police shortly
after his capture. At his trial, however, he
pleaded not guilty and his lawyer has re-
Ppeatedly insisted that Irvin could not re-
ceive a fair trial because of the local bias
and prejudice against him. Present among
the more than 150 spectators at the trial
was Mrs. Goebel Duncan, who was blinded
‘when she was shot through the head and
left for dead in the shooting spree that
claimed the lives of her husband, son and
daughter-in-law and netted the robber-
killer only one dollar. Irvin heard the ver-
dict without betraying any emotion and
afterward was heard to whisper to his
mother, “Don’t worry, we're going to
appeal.” His attorney also said he expected
to appeal the case. Ten days later, Irvin

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8 ploying your students and graduates, together with John Gilbert Graham, accused of blow-

Sm com, Det ond Easy Terms Offer, No seleumen ing up a United Air Lines plane with 44

H people aboard, is a sane man, according to

7] two Colorado psychiatrists who examined

5 Name. .csscccccccccsccscscccccccccccvcccees him. Graham, whose mother was on board

f Address. ..scseccccccesccece RFO or Zone....

s

sg

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93. Ask for Free, “Blue Ic
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/ ree OR call AD-VISER SERV- i
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|

two other Evansville residents, all of whom |

escaped. According to county Officials, he .’

the plane (Flight 629—To Eternity, Febru-
ary INSIDE, 1956) allegedly signed a con-

fession that he placed a bomb in_ his —

mother’s suitcase shortly before the plane
took off. Graham now contends that the
confession was made under duress. Accord-
ing to the psychiatrists’ report, Graham was
in full possession of his faculties on the
day of the crash and also on the day that
he signed the confession. Defense attorneys
point out that the confession is the only
evidence that links Graham to the crime
and that if it were not allowed to be en-
tered as evidence at the trial, Graham could
not legally receive capital punishment.
Under Colorado law, a person cannot be
executed for a crime unless there is either a
confession of guilt or an eyewitness,

Eugene Hedlund, charged with the brutal
rape of a 13-year-old girl in Phlos Verdes
Estates, Cal., (Explosion Over,. February

4

q

INSIDE, a has been committed to the ~

Atascadero, Cal., State Hospital for 90 days
of psychiatric examination. Hedlund had a
previous record of psychiatric maladjust-
ment and crime, including assault, robbery
and attempt at rape. When arrested for the
rape ofthe 13-year-old girl, he confessed
to participating with a gang of boys in two

the Los Angeles area. The court acted on
the advice of two psychiatrists who agreed
that Hedlund is a probable sexual psycho-
path and recommended further study.

Jo Ann Severson, whose runaway ro- «
mance ‘with Leonard La Fond ended in a
charge of murder in the death of Chicago
chemist ‘Lewis Finn (Escapade, January
INSIDE, 1956), entered into a brief jail

eS ae ENT rw

romance with Willis Thomas, 25, who was
held at the same jail on charges of breaking
and entering. The affair was conducted
after only a brief glimpse of each other,
by shouting down the jail corridor. The
not so private courtship ended in a proposal
of marriage.. Jo Ann was willing but
Watauga, N. C., County Sheriff Ernest
Hodges was not. “I don’t know how they
got the notion in their heads,” he said, and
added there would be no. marriage if he
“had anything to do about it.” .

other attempted rapes which had shocked A

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Frank Ellsworth of Tampa, Fla., has
been convicted of first-degree murder for
his part in the robbery-slaying of Mrs.
Lulubel Rossman (Nine Wigs and a Potful
of Dough, October 1nswE, 1955). The
Philadelphia jury recommended life im-
prisonment, the same punishment directed
last May on Raymond Wilson of Tulsa,
Okla., the first of four men tried for the
murder of the wealthy 76-year-old widow.
Ellsworth and Wilson had been charged
with the actual slaying of Mrs. Rossman

during a robbery in her Philadelphia hotel .

suite. Police at the time of the murder
claimed the men stole between $100,000
and $200,000. Still awaiting trial as the
supposed co-plotters of the robbery were
Gus Demoss, suspended Tulsa police radio
dispatcher, and Robert Thomas, ex-Tulsa
policeman and former Dade County, Fla.,
deputy sheriff. First break in the case came
three days after the slaying when Las Vegas
police arrested Ellsworth and Wilson. They
had some $87,000 on their persons and in
their hotel room. Serial numbers on the
bills reportedly dovetailed with numbers
on money found untouched in the slain
widow’s safety deposit box in a Philadelphia
bank.

John Williams, Green Bay, Wisc., 17-
year-old, changed his plea to guilty in a
surprise move and was sentenced to life in
prison for the fatal stabbing -of Dorothy
Vander Leest (Flight Into Nowhere, Janu-
ary INSIDE, 1957). “I’m sorry I did it,” said
John as he was led away. Charged with
first-degree murder, he had fled to Cali-
fornia, where he later gave himself to
authorities. John admitted stabbing the
girl but could give no reason except that he
did not want her “to go out with anyone
else. Although they worked in the hotel
together, John and Dorothy had never
dated.

Mrs: Opal Collins, 25, has been sen-
tenced to become the first woman to die_in
Indiana’s electric chair, for killing her
paraplegic husband, his mother and two
young sisters (Shotgun Divorce, September
INSIDE, 1956). Opal collapsed and was car-
ried from the Crown Point, Ind., courtroom
when Judge William J. Murray sentenced
her to die on February 15. The jury debated
the attractive brunette’s fate 22 hours be-
fore returning the guilty verdict and recom-
mending death. No comment on an appeal
was made. Mrs. Collins had testified that
her husband, Ben Collins Jr., 28, and his
mother, Mrs. Julia Collins, 48, had hounded
her with jeers and taunts during her four-
week marriage. She said she grabbed a gun
and opened fire when she heard her
mother-in-law threaten to throw her out.
The defendant collapsed when sentence was
pronounced. Opal, a housewife, was the
only defense witness. She took the stand
after her husband’s six-year-old brother
pointed his finger at her as “that woman”
whose murder rampage had made him an
orphan. The defense had based its case on
the contention that Mrs. Collins was tempo-
rarily insane when she shot down the fam-
ily. Two court-appointed psychiatrists, how-

7

ever, damaged her cause by offering ‘the
opinion that she was sane when she began’
to shoot. As the jury read its verdict, Mrs.’
Collins sat motionless with a handkerchief
over her eyes, Shortly after, she stumbled
forward to be sentenced at the judge’s
bench, but slumped to the floor when her
fate was pronounced. The prosecution had
insisted that the shootings were premedi-
tated, and that Opal was a calculating “gold
digger.” The jury was told that she married
Ben Jr. to get his army disability check.
... A prison chaplain more recently said

Opal during near collapse at sentencing.

that Mrs. Collins has found her greatest
happiness since her baptism, which took
place in her cell before awaiting execution.
After being baptized, she was reported to
have cried, “This is the happiest day of
my life,” that she loved her husband “more
than God Himself and that was her basic
sin, even more than murder.”

The cyanide gas fumes that were to kill
John Gilbert Graham last. month at the
Colorado penitentiary will send $10,000,cash
into the bank account of his wife and ‘two
children. Graham (Flight 629—To Eternity,
February INSIDE, 1956, and In At The Fin-
ish, January INSIDE, 1957) arranged from
death*row to pay up past-due premiums on
a national service life insurance policy and
his family will receive the $10,000 value—
“just as if he had died a natural death.”

In At The Finish |

Tronically, Graham got the $500 he needed

from the insurance money of his mother—
whom he murdered along with 43 other per-
sons more than a year ago by placing a

dynamite bomb on their United Air Lines -

passenger plane. The insurance company in-
volved agreed to the payment only after
Graham refused otherwise to sign a legal re-
lease dropping any claims he or his wife
might have against the insurance company.

- Alfred Lindecker of Clermont-Ferrand, .

France (Don’t Listen To Wild Boars, Au-
gust INSIDE, 1956) has returned to work at

‘the Michelin tire factory as a free man. In

his pocket was a non-lieu, an official admis-
sion by police; after a seven-months’ inves-

.tigation, that they cannot prove him guilty

‘and that therefore he will not be brought to
trial for the suspected murder,of his third

wife, Janine. Janine was said to have been '

found with two bullet wounds when Lin-
decker found her nude body in their luxuri-
ous kitchen last March. One bullet was in
her heart and‘one in her temple. Some ex-
perts believed the second shot was fired
hours later than the first, but could not
prove it. A crime laboratory reported that
the gun was not touching the body when it
was fired. When Lindecker was released on
bail last June, having been charged with
murder, and jailed in April, he rented a pub-
lic: shooting gallery, brought in a lifelike
dummy dressed in Janine’s brassiere (found
beside her with a bullet hole) and tried to

- prove to anyone passing that the gun could

have been against the heart or temple. Lin-
decker even planned to rent the Salle Wag-
ram, one of the largest auditoriums in Paris,
and tell his story free to anyone who would
listen. “He had written one thousand pages
of notes for a book to prove Janine killed
herself, citing scores of cases.in which peo-
ple with bullets in their hearts have not lost
consciousness. He claims she shot herself
in the heart, felt no pain, tore off the bras-
siere and slip, looked to see if she was
wounded, and finally fired the shot in the
temple. But now he has given up all these
plans. When his lawyers came to his “Villa
Rose” with the non-lieu, he looked up at
Janine’s photo with tears in his eyes, or-
dered champagne and then made plans for a
weekend of fishing to regain his health. He
has had stomach trouble ever since the
shooting and hasn’t been able to sleep or eat.

The Supreme Court has rejected the
appeal of Dr. Samuel H. Sheppard, Cleve-
land osteopath convicted of bludgeoning
his wife to death in their Bay Village, Ohio,
home in 1954, from the 10-year to life
sentence he’is serving in the Ohio Peniten-
tiary. Decision of the high tribunal against
weighing the appeal left standing the con-
viction of the socially prominent osteo-
pathic pliysician and neuro-surgeon. His
appeak-was based largely on the complaint
that press, radio and television accounts of
the case prevented him from obtaining a
fair trial. He said the trial should have
-been held somewhere else . . . A bugaboo
about Dr. Sam Sheppard’s case (Murder:
Front Row Center, November INSIDE,

.

1954) flared up and coole
of several days time. .
ecutor began a new inv
‘bludgeon slaying of —
when a tip telephoned f:
city led to ‘‘new facts” ir
31-year-old socialite. Tt
prosecutor visited the ci
telephone call was made
to reopen the investigati
Cleveland. The followin;
girl was reported as the
was learned, was in an e
tion. Newspaper report
told the prosecutor the c
land vice racket might
Samuel H. Sheppard ho
the murder. The infor
that the vice operator m:
to both Dr. and Mrs. Sh
as quickly as the story
old prostitute admitted t
she volunteered in the

lies. Confronted with ;
the girl told the assista
tor that her story was

cated.” The prosecutor s
to. Cleveland from a p
serving a term for pro:
Cleveland ‘vice figure dri
woman to the Sheppar:
night of the murder. She
the car and returned }:
his clothes. Assistant P

said the second woman

denied the girl’s story.

made news when he sav
low prisoner who was

after an operation in t
The doctor reached int:

dislodged an obstruction

his heart, which had stor

Reports of a myster
and strange cars lurki
Collins, N. Y., scene of
Harold J. Ross (Pictu
January INSIDE, 1957),
protective guard aroun:
The Ross farm home '
surveillance and schoo
taking special precaut
young Carl Ross, 14, s
Ross. Carl, a freshma
school, summoned poli:
was fatally attacked by
Ross had ordered the
farm property when he
to pry open a stolen s
down with a small sledge
ants fled toward Buffalc
shortly after. An Erie |
partment car was repo!
vicinity of the Ross hon
stopping all suspicious «
occupants.

The United States C
denied convict-author
11th attempt in eight -
San Quentin Prison gas
I’ll Go Good, Novem
The two-to-one decisic
appeal of a denial by }
E. Goodman last Jan: 3
a writ of habeas corpus
petition had been ord:
Supreme Court. Thirty-
man has one final chan
tion—through another

eR ORE LAST TE LT DL NATO TE

hatide Deli Line

Hhrwsaseg

ahead in the
ing the pas-
boarded the
as not ruling
»omb planter
ical fanatic—
was he over-
e the bomb
Detroit, the
n might have
e. The mur-
advance that
ight 629, and
in Detroit.
heck on the
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‘gage handler
list supplied

s, all women, , ™'

Denver: Sally

Barbara J.
aisie E. King,
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Che first two
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veen en route
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women was
night turn up

handling

aled that
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nd freight had
Agent Moore
ortant detail—
itly* had taken
compartment.
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John J. Gib-

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would have
Gibbons was

ian hesitated.* - 7%

he said. “The
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w men could
s coming from.
Denver. Agent
in one respect
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in one of the -

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his superior,
now is to nar-
, that one per-
night want to

lis case is find-
1 victim was,”
i've eliminated
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agents out.
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‘ECTIVE CASES

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629 who took out insurance for the trip.”

Burke didn’t have to explain that in-
surance was the obvious motive. In Sep-
tember of 1949 three persops were con-
victed. and hanged for destroying a pas-
senger plane in flight near Quebec, Cana-
da, killing twenty-three, for the insurance
pay-off. In the Phillipines, in May of
that same year, three men rigged a bomb

_in a plane and caused the death of thir-

teen passengers—again for insurance—
and they were rewarded with execution
in the electric chair. In the Flight 629
disaster, Burke told his assistant, seven-
teen of the thirty-nine passengers ‘had
purchased flight insurance. Six of these
seventeen policies were for maximum
amount, $62,500. ,

“So we can eliminate twenty-two—those
who didn’t buy insurance—from the pic-
ture as insurance-murder victims,” Burke
said. “We might also cross off another
eight persons who bought their flight in-
surance policies at smaller airports before
changing to the Mainliner in New York.
The murderer could have followed them
from point of origination to the Main-
liner, but that seems improbable. I'd say
the concentration of investigation should
be on the remaining eleven, particularly
those insured to the hilt.”

“How about the four women who got
on at Denver?” Moore asked. “Any of
them have flight insurance?”

“Not the two ‘stewardesses who were
on vacation. But the other two, Mrs.
Marlo and Mrs. King, both bought in-
surance at Stapleton Municipal Airport
before the flight. Mrs. Marlo was insured

fpr ‘the maximum, Mrs. King for
$37,500.”

By dropping quarters into a vats
machine in the lobby at the terminal,
passengers could obtain flight insurance
policies issued by the Mutual of Omaha
Insurance Company. Mrs. Marlo had paid
$2.50 for $62,500. Mrs. King, $1.50 for
her coverage.

Agent Moore contacted the Seattle FBI
office and asked for a check of the back-
ground of Mrs. Marlo, who lived in
Washington state. He secured Mrs. King’s
address, on West Mississippi Avenue in
Denver, and began that end of the in-

vestigation in person.

EFORE the next morning, Agent Roy

Moore had rather complete informa-
tion on the Denver widow who had per-
ished in the plane crash. Daisie Moore
was 54 years old. She lived on West
Mississippi Avenue with her son, John
Gilbert Graham, 23, and his family.
Mother and son operated a drive-in restau-
‘rant on South Federal Boulevard—the
Crown-A-Drive-in. John was Daisie’s son
by her first marriage. She had been wid-
owed when John was 3, and had. remar-
ried, wedding a wealthy rancher. named
Earl King. The rancher had died when
John was 15, and it was children of this
second marriage the widow was on the
way to visit when the plane crashed.

A second check at the baggage section
of UAL turned up the fact that Mrs.
Daisie King had arrived with luggage
that weighed thirty-seven pounds more
than the limit, and she had had to pay

extra fees for the excess weight. She first
wanted to remove some things from the
big suitcase but her son advised her to
take all her clothes with her.

. Wondering about that extra weight
and the advice, Agent Moore began to
check more closely into the backgrounds
of friends and relatives of the widow..
He learned that John Graham, the son,

‘had been discharged from the Coast

Guard in 1949, after serving about a
year of an enlistment. Prior to that, Gra-
ham had worked as a logger and con-
struction man at Anchorage, Alaska. Log-
gers and construction men in rugged
Alaska use one powerful tool: dynamite.
It was therefore possible that John Gga-
ham, close relative of one of the crash
victims, was also skilled in the use~of
high explosives. oe

This suspicious coincidence led Agent
Moore to check with the local police—
and he learned that John Gilbert Graham,
had a-record. In 1951 he had stolen
checks from his Denver employee and
forged the name of a company official to
42 of them, which he passed successfully
in even amounts of $100 each. He pur-
chased a new convertible and left Den-
ver, but was arrested the following No-
vember in Lubbock, Texas, after attempt-
ing to crash through a roadblock and
being stopped by gunfire. In Lubbock he
had been charged with bootlegging and

sentenced to sixty days in jail. Returned .

to Denver, he pleaded guilty to the forg-
ery charges, and Daisie King paid a
$2,500 installment on restitution of the’
swindled amount. In. view of this pay-

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a

blast. Residue from other metal shreds
from Cargo Pit 4 revealed traces of dyna-
mite. Dr. Magee told the aircraft experts
and his FBI colleagues that the explosion
had been caused by dynamite “and noth-
ing else.”

He stated that a.bomb sparked by a six-
volt dry cell battery had blown Cargo Pit
4 to bits. He was able to identify that
battery—from the paint scrapings and car-
bon pieces—as an Eveready “Hotshot.”

The implications of Magee’s findings
were terrifying. Someone had rigged an
aerial bomb and blasted forty-four per-
sons to death! ° 4

This was mass murder—and became at
‘ once an official case for the FBI. Webb

Burke, of the Denver office, assigned his
assistant, Roy K. Moore, to handle the
investigation. “This is the hottest case
you'll ever work on,” he told Moore. “The
Chief of the CAB investigation division
has asked us in on this one, and it’s a
tough job. We've got to handle it like a
regular murder investigation. Some one
on that forty-four casualty list was mark-
ed to die—unless the bomb planter
was a fanatic,”

“Fanatic or not,” Moore said, “he was
clever enough to build a device that wasn’t
detected and did its job perfectly. Obvi-
ously, he could have planted that bomb
only in New York, the origin of Flight
629, or on one of the two stops—Chicago
or Denver. Since the engineers tell us
the blast took place in the luggage com-
partment it probably was planted in the
form of baggage. So it would be possible
for him to get his bomb on board the
Mainliner at any of the stops or in New
York. My feeling is that it was planted
in Denver.”

“How do you figure that?” Burke asked.

“It took too long to blow up to be
planted in New York, or even Chicago.
The usual bomb triggering device oper-
ates on a short timing period. Besides, if
it were planted in New York and timed
for a certain hour, how could the bomber
know the plane wouldn’t be delayed by
headwinds or hurried by tailwinds? How
could he know that the bomb wouldn’t
explode on the ground? If it did, then
some of his victims might escape death—
and the evidence of the bombing would
be easily gathered in.”

Agent-in-charge. Burke seeméd im-
pressed by this line of reasoning. “The
Mainliner was delayed,” he said. “It got
off the ground thirty-five minutes late at
Denver. Eleven minutes after takeoff, the
bomb blew—that means it was timed for
forty-six minutes, if it actually was plant-
ed at Denver. And forty-six minutes of
flying, at Mainliner speed, would put the
plane near Laramie—where the other
transport crashed last month!” =‘

Moore nodded. “The wreckage would
have been scattered in the Rockies. In-
vestigators might not have been able ‘to
get in there until next spring—and it

' would take months to find the pieces. By

that time any chemical traces of an ex-
plosion would have been weathered away.
I believe our bomber is a thinker—and
that he started thinking last month, when
the crash of the other liner gave him an
idea.” ‘

48

anil MeN a et Sat

xO
sa ten te ee ee

si =) :
OORE ‘decided to go ahead in the
en age by ,checking the pas-

senger lists for people who boarded the

‘Mainliner at Detroit. He was not ruling

out the possibility that the bomb planter
had \been some sort of political fanatic—
or just.a plain fanatic. Nor was he over-
looking the fact that while the bomb
may have been planted in Detroit, the
es intended as a victim might have
oarded the plane elsewhere. The mur-
derer may have known in advance that
the passenger was taking Flight 629, and
decided to rig it for death in Detroit. |

The first step was to check on the
passengers who had come aboard.at Den-
ver, and to question the baggage handler
at the field. The passenger list supplied
the names of four passengers, all women, ,
who joined Flight 629 at Denver: Sally
Ann Scofield, of Denver; Barbara J. |
Cruse, Aurora, Colorado; Daisie E. King, '
Denver; Katherine Marlo, listed as. from
the state of Washington. The first two
women had been young United Air Lines
stewardesses who were going on vacation.
Mrs. King, a widow, had been en route
to Spenard, Alaska, to visit a daughter.
Mrs. Marlo was headed for Portland,
and her home. A routine check into the
background of these four women was
begun, in the hope that it might turn up
some motive for murder.

Interrogation of the baggage handling
crew for UAL at Denver revealed that
nine employees had unloaded some lug-
gage and had then reloaded it, adding -
the baggage of the four new passengers.
All Denver baggage, mail and freight had
been placed in Cargo Pit 4! Agent Moore
realized this’ was an important detail—
since.the explosion apparently’ had taken
place in that same baggage compartment.
He questioned all of the handlers closely,
and the answers given by John J. Gib-
bons were typical.

“If there had been a ticking noise in
one ‘of the suitcases, you would have.
heard it, wouldn’t you?” Gibbons was
asked. ay

The baggage crew man_hesitated.-
“Well, put it. this way,” he said. ‘The
plane’s engines are going and _ there’s
noise from trucks, mechanical chéck-outs
of equipment, and so forth. It would be
hard to heat so small a sound.”

None of the other crew men could
recall any suspicious sounds coming from. —
the baggage’ added at Denver. Agent
Moore had drawn a blank in one respect
—actually pinning the explosive down to
the Denver passengers’ baggage—but he
was now strongly suspicious that the
bomb had been contained in one of the
four new passenger's bags.

“One of those four women were tagged |
for murder,” Moore told his superior,
Webb Burke. ‘“‘The thing now is to nar-
row it down even more to that one per-
son—then find out who might want to
kill her.” a

“The toughest’ part of this case is find-
ing out who: the intended victim was,”
Burke said: “I think you've eliminated
quite a few now—provided this wasn't
the work of a fanatic. I’ve had agents out.
trying to pin down a motive for you—
checking on: those passengers on Flight

a

Kc : DETECTIVE CASES

ei

3

629 who took «
_ Burke didn’t
surance w
tember of
\victed. and nan
senger plane in
da, killing twer
pay-off. In the
that same year,
in a plane and
teen passenger
and they were
in’ the electric
disaster, Burke
teen of the tl
purchased fligh
seventeen poli:
amount, $62,5(
“So we can ¢€
who didn’t bu:
ture as insuran
said. “We mi
eight persons +
surance policie:
changing to th
The murderer
from point ot
liner, but that
the concentrati
be on the rem
those insured t
“How about
on at Denver:
them have flig
-* “Not the tw
on vacation. |
Marlo and M:
surance at Sta
before the fligh

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LINER TO

section at one
, the earth two
y Patrol Chief

es were quickly |

ered to aid in

1e Crews probed

were removed,
ad. become’ an

y, with no sur-
-ontact with its
ral manager of

he scene of the '-

y put in charge

yr any possible —

f the fuselage,”
dies in the area.
wo pits burning.

two pits about
et across. There
erned that some

a forth with in-
ieir positions in
i flag was staked
the victim as an
a the bodies and

xers. reached the,
2d a body of an
an infant boy,”
plane to remove
1 flatened pretty
-d shortly before

e tragic messages

nation cast a pall

zton and Oregon,
York. Among the
retary of the U.S.

arl F. Deist, offi-

john Des Jardins,

jin this home. | *:

¥

i

DETERMINE CAUSE OF CRASH

related to Sherman Adams, White’ House ‘chief of staff.

The disastrous crash, coming on the heels of another only
a month before in which sixty-six persons lost their lives
when an airliner struck Medicine Bow Peak west of Laramie,
Wyoming, shook the ayiation world and brought investigators
rushing from the FBI, the CAA headquarters. Fred B. Lee,
CAA administrator, W. H. ‘Weeks, chief of the aircraft

“ engineering division, and Ward Masden, chief of the safety

division, flew to the wreck from Washington, D. C. Webb
W. Burke, agent in charge of the Denver FBI office, arrived
in an unofficial capacity.
“We maintain close liaison with aeronautics authorities,”’ he
explained. “Our facilities are at their disposal.”
Need for the services of the nation’s greatest investigation
agency was rooted in the reports of eye-witnesses that the
lane had suffered two explosions, as far as could be observed
rom the ground. The first explosion had occurred when the
plane was in the air, at about 1500 feet altitude; the second
after it smashed into the flatlands.
What had caused this first explosion? That was the big
question. Experts of the United Air Lines, the Air Line
Pilots Association, the Flight Engineers Union, the Pratt &
Whitney Aircraft Company and Douglas Aircraft conferred

“with the CAA investigators. Two. federal agents—Quinn

Tamm, assistant in charge of the identification bureau, and
Dr. J. William Magee, special agent from the FBI lab—
were already at the scene. Tamm was fingerprinting the vic-
tims, for identification purposes. Magee was cooperating with
the aviation specialists to determine the cause of the, first
explosion, now felt to be the reason for the crash.

NITED Air Lines President W. A. Patterson told the

press: “Determination of responsibility for the accident
is beyond the authority of the United Air Lines alone. Federal
and local officials are now working at the scene. Experts from
our' organization and the Douglas Company are cooperating
with all federal agencies in the most vigorous investigation.
We will search out every possibility, however remote.”

The investigators listened to scores of eye-witness reports
about the crash. There was no doubt, after the last witness
had been heard, that an explosion had taken place while
the Mainliner was in flight. The question now—was that
explosion accidental ?. (Continued on page 47)

Was explosion at drive-in connected to the airplane bombing?

ie, ie - _ H
wh ie . ‘aie a ny Ah SE at oti = ee

Flame gushes from pit falling engine dug into an open field:

c bal

Ai os

Rescue workers hunt through scattered wreckage for corpses.

7

.


ped. “You ‘want

iter said. “I got

hat for herself.:
ir, too, by this
ut firm grip on

ed. “This is a .

t,” Banko said.

charge, Faye?”
citing, isn’t it?”
girl said. “You
ver let up, once

“tr said, “we can

opper,” the girl
narried, and the
is my husband.”
re on your way
said skeptically,
| retorted.
{ her. “If you're
x off the make,
We don’t stand
10 is legit.” ~
‘let’s go.”
feteria on West
e was sitting at
« mouth full of
ip and saw
rallow they

officers in fury.
iarled, her small
. cornered cat.
ectable married
dly. “You don’t
you in for mur- .

1 off to the Hud- ~

where they were
ice interrogators.
t they were in-
Roy Prickett.

r like you gay,”
Bolte, “then you
the lie detector.”
igged his slight
by me,” he said.

- crime lab where
scher, head of the
paraphernalia to
jently fazed the
denly refused to
2 was removed to
itors turned their
male member of

a that Paul had

e, too, expressed

of the indicator

ing. She soon bes .

wre the loops of.
1e was taken to a

bed by what her
id. Still believing
gone through the .
‘ctor, she tried to

matron. The

ispicion ‘were .

|. Had Paul Bolte.

DETECTIVE CASES -

operective casts

incriminated her? The thought was prac-

. tically visible on her face when she asked
to see Lieutenant’ McMahofi. Obligingly,
the lieutenant saw her but said nothing
to relieve her suspicions about her hus-
band. Finally Faye cracked,

“Okay,” she told the officer, “Paul did
kill that cabbie, but only because of what
he was trying to do to me. He called me
names and tried to get me to go to a
hotel with him.” i

She admitted that she and Paul had
planned to rob the cabbie. She took the
taxi to the alle? at Orleans and Willow
where Paul was waiting to execute the
robbery. She claimed that when she was
getting out of the car, the driver grabbed
shold of her, made her an immoral propo-
sition, and that Paul came up and ob-
jected. There was an argument, she said,
and Prickett was shot. eee

This story was completely inconsistent
with what was known of Roy Prickett,
and was given no credence by the police,
but it did have the effect of clinching the
evidence against the prisoners.

Brought back for questioning, Bolte
was informed of his wife’s story: and

confessed immediately that he had fired
the shot which killed Prickett. But he
claimed, too, that the cabbie had been
molesting Faye. This claim was scoffed
at in view of the fact that the prisoners
had confessed that they planned to rob
Prickett.

But the two stuck to their story. Paul
revealed that he had tossed the .32-caliber
revolver—the death, weapon—into the Chi-
cago River from the Lake Shore Drive
Bridge. James P. Boder, a professional
diver, explored the river bottom and re-
covered the gun.

‘ Faye and Paul Bolte were convicted of
the killing and, on March 6th, 1956, they
were sentenced to prison. Paul was given
a term of 99 years, and Faye was sen-
tenced to serve 66 years. They are now
serving their sentences, and it is hardly
likely, in view of the long terms meted
out to them, that either will ever know
freedom again. a

Note: The names, Frank Halsey and Ben
Probst, are fictitious in order to conceal
the true names of persons innocently in-
volved in the investigation.

HELL BOMB

(Continued from page 27)...

Along with the marking of points where
victims’ bodies were found, the investiga-
tors now began to collect, with the help
of a large crew, the more than ten ‘thou-

+. sand fragments—varying tremendously in

size—strewn over the two-mile crash area.
Each item was removed, and the crews
marked its exact location in the area on
a large scale map. As the debris was
loaded onto trucks, to be taken to an
empty hanger at Stapleton Field; the
map began to take on significance. A pat-
tern emerged which suggested that the
explosion had occurred somewhere in the
center section of the Mainliner’s fuselage.
More exact locating of this point of ex-
plosion was the next step.: .
The trucks began to unload the wreck-
- age in the hanger at the air field, and it
looked like nothing‘but the accumulation
of a heap of junk. Somewhere in that
junk, the experts knew, lay the answer to
the deaths of .forty-four persons, a ques-
tion that was all-important for the avia-
tion industry in view of the disastrous
sixty-six victim crash only a month be-
fore, in. October. Experts were already
checking the ground maintenance records
of the Mainliner, filed at Oakland, Cali-
fornia. There were several obvious: possi-
bilities. The DC-6, an earlier version of
the DC-6B, had. been grounded six years
‘before due to in-flight fires caused by the
gasoline lines being too close to the cabin
heating units. This engineering bug had
been ironed out in. the later Mainliner
model, however. There was also the pos-
sibility of the over-pressurization of the
cabin—but the ship had been at low level
and the pressure needed for higher alti-
tudes was not required. The other possi-
* bility, sinister and remote, was sabotage.
With the assistance of Douglas Aircraft
experts, CAA specialists and United Air
Lines aeronautical engineers, the investi-
gators began to build-an airplane in the

junk-filled hanger at Stapelton Field—~or -
rather, to rebuild an airplane. A mockup
of the Mainliner had been made in full
scale, using metal screening instead of
the aluminum skin and wooden frame-
work instead of the metal fuselage struc-
ture. To this mockup the engineers began
to apply, fragment by fragment, the re-
mains of the ill-fated Mainliner. Picked
up ‘from the two-mile area of the crash
in an inch-by-inch seareh, each bit of
the wreckage had been tagged, identified,
and now was repositioned where it once
belonged.

As days passed and the mockup began
to take form, one fact became evident:
the blast that had blown forty-four per-
sons to eternity had not been a gasoline
explosion. Gas explosions, the aircraft
detectives. knew, caused planes to split
open. The Longmont wreckage indicated
that the Mainliner had been shredded by
the explosion into tiny fragments.

The metal framework of the actual
Mainliner was relatively easily assembled
in the forward and rear sections of the
fuselage. However, the fragments blasted
from the center section of the plane were
shredded into such small pieces that they
could not be reassembled in the recon-
struction mockup of the fuselage. To the
aircraft experts this indicated that the ex-
plosion had occurred in the mid-section
of the plane, near the cargo compart-
ments. Gradually, the scientists narrowed
the center of the blast down to Cargo Pit
4. Here the reconstruction was absolutely
impossible, and damage done to other
nearby sections of the fuselage indicated
that the force of the blast had burst out-
ward from Pit 4.

Dr. J. William Magee, of the FBI lab-
oratory, took several fragments which be-
longed near Cargo Pit 4 and subjected
them to various chemical tests. Paint
scrapings—red, white, blue enamel—and
fragments of carbon révealed to the crime
specialist that a dry cell battery—foreign
to the aircraft—had been involved in the

47

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side BI sek i
“Oh Woman’ for |
Breaking Home.

+

Sex. appeal won over. mental |
appeal and succeeded in break.
fling up the hozae of a 1929 bride,

| Sirs. Anna Millinan, 2 232 ‘York;

‘| stree?, in. District: Judge George

1 Dunklee’s %- court Saturday. ea
+, Mirs. Millmaa. = graduate of Nen-

L| ver university. mad more mental sp- :

i peal than the “ether woman” in: the]
the bride testified her hus.
{band /Abrahasa Sec Millman, told

_ The‘ ‘other. wanna? however: had

i ae sew ap peak hare the former co-
ed, the husbas< was quoted as aay-

: | was the granting i

of dl

Mt
ah a My
: * Ears
eran tak

saan amatai aae Se

a SH

heap ae... ere
Cw ae Tero rf ge

a of frine rae, Pe
Bg hye oinoange Bary: R Obie.

—ee te bre beerk ven tenes evi guards
by ielatibeg!azrese thc Hives ts lhe peta peer the oe,
insi ; There it was buried. Father. Regis Barrett, the prsse

2 chaplain, who oe rents into: the _ Sataetic faith lest dan 35


fe Blames|\‘NoSex
R

ad

= Sie wou over mental

Dy ‘and succeeded ‘ix break-
pia Sagar 28, Yor Bet Le Oe Ca thie Sea ae ame
sa Pt Pag pany the burial of's millionaire @ juny ether highly respected eft, -

2 District Jud eee N % Tt wen r equality which be did pof ‘attain fa life was fim in death.

PF ptekice's eocrt Saturithy. j

, Mrs, Milmas. e graduate ef Den-

‘ aniversity, had mere mental 4
ft tham the “other woman” in
; the bride testified her
Abraham J. Millman,

The “other woman,” however, m aa knew
sex appeal than the former, ‘ en :
the besbana was quoted: ae Fay ES Cf the delihh ‘s'clock. Vridey ‘night Tres wea taken £ aor
re was the gran a, ‘
& preliminary decree of divorée to 4 GE th d thhouse and did net come back. cat
; Millman. rt r
Sieercbarinte the Saturaeer secre W

|GET $300, a
De IS DAY AFTER) weeks jon, Jan. 11—(By Assect- j Not m, word: was spoken = be a after they had taken
oa "$300,900 € charge of their privenert ‘The warden’s brders were—that. th
Fig Aneel: Soa Sat neue! tional Ordé B , :
"the te marina once set Frome evan Oo ‘te the rst the Lame tec tered te
at tpn Fis. She founa| federal ferpe boards E beat ee ie | (Hera te Page 5—Col tL)

’
je your hey}


en Being Asleep Except Lamar

aS

= | wis val From Herth Celis Soe |

what had happened in ‘theic aheence
ad weazened, praying. | Ives.”

of excitement

it the vacant eel formers,

| ss

Fike ies The con-|

‘the warden’s residence. They

lok the state Jaw. estocacaoee bara: ‘Dre. RB. EB
physician, and Dr. Alexander Wareshill of Flor mee

were joined - the

| Warden: ‘W. G. Green and a half dozen guards,

At the stroke of 10 o'clock, as the
[Lamar barslits: were: being removed

, would be hanged Friday Aires :

: z ‘Crantock dented trom Denvee at t o’clock be
ev He immediately sent for Father Regis Barrett,| they
chaplain, Se had converted Ives to the Catholic faith: and who| ———

had. been praying since noon with the condemned. killer. -

sik hack betes eo0i
As soem as: the

, | Neem rommanted frows

Ives, who had.
pital with the oc) :
Beck snd into the | =

IVES WALES EREX

| WITH HEAD: UP.

b (ered we tar

bee

“Prepare Eddie. on ection the: co tf fee

wet ese Be Dae oe a
hangs Last Hour Is, at Hands

3 || nadia Tres fired tuto the body af
+ , 1928, Mrs. Oble and the little girl are 5:
‘Tho sia War ony 2 yore ot when er

of Patrolman E

A erhininal life extending over : a rat of sinnae forty 3 years eh  —

vaivas ended Friday Right w hen Eddie Ives. dice © on he pailows. at

_ Canon City.
Ives, according - to. hin own - storr, eon his 5 battle Age

socie: ty OW phen he was ‘8 years ‘old. At. that age, he later told ‘police,
e cna ged in petty. thefts: and. occasionally’ was boosttd t thea the

Window ‘of a home to unlock a ‘door. for a burglar. OS Ws samc oe
‘Ives w 1s born in Denver in 1884. blanket” and scaled the igh pet!
Fourteen years later, he. was caught wall.

{the police grabbed him: In his ‘poe

ch ‘yooth, did rot. chanie! hie worth $1,000 that’ h

dat the: age, of 20 he was:

Aig hie: ‘ways. He} was
elusively. for burgla:
hives mppesied: bo.

the

“But freedom, was! ef. short dure-|
: ‘| ton. ‘In Denver, three nights later; |

‘+ sersion,. detectives. found: fewelty |


7 COAST FOR

re 7 CAREER OF BURGLARY.

“He now changed’ hie ways, He!
© went in: exclusively | for burgiary:|

~The. Pacif sc coast appealed. to him,
‘pnd. en: route, according to the’ po-

tse records, he: committed a series
of Burglarics.. At Portlend, Ore. In}

1906, he staged. a highway ‘robbery
, It. was one ofthe

* For the highwa ae tees segved
thewe . .years: in the Oregon peniten-
jary. He decided Denver was per
oh ter. than the coast ¢ities: but: ;

a back sivpped st Pal Lake City, |

bed heen taken | ¥
from the home of Fre Hale, f

| Vine street. re

ner
* He


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Passage lunpecited
The Senate is expected gener-

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i OL RRR ERE MRE ERE TR UTALLS FA

Representatives voted to over-
ride President Truman's veto
management bill
included the following:
Republicans for overriding—
Barrett of Wyoming, Cheno-
and»~ Rockwell - of
Colorado. = ‘#: Seabats athe 84)
Democrats against ‘overriding

of Montana.

wourd  “stres
American de.
This was h
“T have cor:

ans wah oy : = ' 3 clear thr.

eked ~ GILLETTE , asphyxiated working +
se, < Fb aea ge

witn Colorado on. June. . | society. Ray

a res)

blast against 1

/ an invitation |

,

im trv their }
wholly new hi
Mr. Truman
had = genuine
enact “approy
lation” and dir:
recommendatir
January. Thr
measure = proh
tional tikes
boycotts: (for™ .
jectives) and
‘commission ta
of other labor

‘
vote today was 331 to 83. That
was 5D more “ayes” than were
necessary.

; are shown trying to gain entrance to the cabin
of Fred Lundy, neighbor of the sisters, Under-

ii :
‘6, SCENE—The bodies of Emily
se Griffith were found with bullet
-eiv heads in their mountain cabin

GOP Lee

sheriff Donald Movre, shown at the door, later

“Step, dodthe lower picture, officers: °

* had to break arvindow to enter.—AP Photo.

Det! Ca acd Opbinadaa 7

Weed f,

Hest

x
2

ay
tE, Colo. ()—Grap-
Mtre sent out from
‘4to drag a section
and ‘determine
sald yield the body
© ~~ acher, want-
in the slay-
vweeeeeth, and her
“Florence.
‘EDon Moone said
dject which might
foal creek about a
ule below the cab-
Ee Lundy, 65, one-
‘tthe Emily Grif-
“yg school,

We Colo. (Py —
‘facross the far
#a.retired school
atfor questioning
of his friends
%65, famed Den.
sind’ her invalid
e267. |
ȴere found dead
# mountain cabin
shome since Emni-
“Arement’ in 1934
‘ation in whien
awed. Each had
“ough the head
wht was identified
4\Donald Moore
taly.as Fred W.,
“ihe teacher in
$Griffith Oppor-
as Lundy
iall, hook:
2M0,;took the sis-
“tides, cut their
“€many of the
“glt rustic home.
ty Help
“We Joseph Hol-
*squad sent hy

he ;
RAMI 64 Ase

or Lund

Pra

in D

y Spreads

eath Probe

Lundy was sitting on the porch.
Florence Griffith - was Inside.
Within 20 minutes, Neighbors
saw Lundy ‘take his car from a
nearby garage and drive off.

. They later-saw the car parked
a mile up the narrow canyon
but saw no sign of Lundy, Dr.
R. O. Buck of Cleveland, Ohio,
saw a man answering Lundy’s
description board a westbound
freight train not far from the
car. ;

Thursday morning neighbors,
noting a lack of activity at the
Griffith cabin, investigated.
They found the bodies of the
sisters. In the kitchen they
found an untouched supper
Which the sisters customarily
ate with Lundy about 4:30 p. m.
daily.

Gillett

itlette Will

Die Tonight
ie Tonigh

CANON CITY (®) — Harold
Gillette, 31, with a record of
terms in five penintentiaries, is
scheduled to die in Colorado’s
gas chamber tonight for. the
slaying of Glen D. Cook, ranch
foreman.

Colorado executions custom.
arily are-held about 8 p. m.

A Fort Collins jury set G@uil-
lette’s penalty at death after
he had pleaded guilty to shoot-
ing Cook at a Laramie river
valley ranch near the Wvom-
ing state line the. day - after
Christmas last year.

Early this week Governor
Knous declined to commute Gil-
lette’s sentence, saying he could
find no mitigating  circum-
Stances. The condemned ‘man

made no appeal to the supreme
court. sis:

LONDON (#)—British Foreign
Secretary Ernest Bevin vows

that, in launching a co-operative

effort for European economic
recovery under the Marshall
plan, he intends to brook no
delavs such as those which
stymied the recent foreign min-
isters’ conference in Moscow.
Eagerly awaiting a response
from Russia to a joint British-
French request that the Soviet
Union participate in drafting an
aid-to-Kurope program, Mr.
Bevin declared in the House of
Commons Thursday night that

Secretary of State. George C.|.
Marshall—with or without ‘Rus-
Sian participation .
Russian sources in London
said Soviet Ambassador Georgi

the measure’s sponsors and chair.

With his ‘side. He will speak over
MBS.

| Ahe Republican side when read-

Bevin fo Brook No Red Tricks“
i Curopean Aid Plan, He Says

tion carried,

committee
situation over,

In the House ballot, 106 Demo. |
crats joined 225 Republicans
in voting to override the Presi: |
dent’s wishes. Voting to uno!
the President were 71 Democrats |
11 Republicans, and the one!
American-Lahbor Party member
Rep. Marcantonio (NY),

On Radio Tonight

In his big battle with Congress
over the issue, Mr. Truman
called in a, group of leading
Democratic senators for a White
House luncheon—presumably tc
talk over the veto. He also an-
nounced plans to go on the ra-
dio tonight and give the peopie
directly his arguments against
the bill. He will speak over all
networks at 7 p.m. (MST),

Senator Taft (R-Ohio), one of

man of the Senate Republican
policy committee, arranged tc
follow Mm Truinan at 7:45 p. m.

‘Radical

Truman’

WASHINGTC
hean party lee:
and AFL Pre
Green praised
man's veto of t
bill today.

The Republic.
veto an outright
people’s will an:
“radical element-:. }
cratic party. '

Mr. Green said
terpiece of state
that the Presic
Wwartly upheld t!
principles of fix
dealing in indu
which the Taft-}:
out to wreck.” |

President Tru:
up his displea-)
Taft-Hartley: laho
tense sentences:
“The bill take

The House acted on the biil
swiftly and with little demon-
stration, eo :

A bellow of boos came from

ing of the President’s message

‘Was ended. . Some applause
came from the Democratic
side.

Rep. Hartley (R-NJ) moved
there be no debate, and his mo.

The vote was taken. There

would reverse th:
tion of our natioi |
icy, inject the gs
private economic
unprecedented gy.
flict with impori..
of. our democratic
“Its provisions
more strikes, not
“It would contr
to industrial peace
nomic stability an
“It would be
stride in the direc
tally managed eco:

were cheers and applause, That

FWwas all.

The Republican Senate policy
met and talked the

“It contains see
Which would. plag
tion for years to °

He declared tha:
bill would encov:

Zarubin left London

Moscow.

Mr. Bevin's cry for speed
Won general. endorsement in
the press, except ithe Com.
munist Daily Worker, which
-called it an “ultimatum,”

—

(P) — Authoritative

“MOSCOW

secretly
three or four days ago to dis-
cuss the Marshall proposals in

Chairman Taft of Ohio pre-
dicted afterward that the Sen-
ate will override the veto. He
said the Republicans wNl hold
the Senate’ in session tonight,
Saturday and Saturday night in
an effort to force a vote.

In a 5,500-word message to
the house, Mr, Truman laid
down four ‘general aifd 32

Specific points of opposition

than prevent, gia:
like those In coal «

“Its “ineffective »:
natory” machinery
certain to do more
good,” Mr. Truman
Sage said.

Corn Pric


56 eed

your wife and boy,” Cody said. “What
have you got to say for yourself?”

Azel began to cry, holding a handker-
chief up to his eyes. “Yes, I did it,” he
sobbed.

The house was searched, the officers
finding two suitcases belonging to Gal-
braith. One of them contained a .32 re-
volver—the death weapon, Azel confessed
—and two lead slugs. He had picked them
up from the floor after the killings.

At headquarters he made a complete
confession, “I don’t really know why I
killed Jennie,” he said, “She was a won-
derful wife to me. But she was getting
suspicious of my frequent trips to Den-
ver. I was crazy about Lottie, all right,
but that wasn’t why I did it. I had spent
and gambled away all my money .. . and
a lot that didn’t belong to me. Mr. Rich-
ardson had learned I had held out some of
the boys’ salaries at the mine and spent
that, too, and I just couldn’t stand for
Jennie to find out what a fool I had been.
I just couldn’t stand the disgrace.

“It was March 10. Jennie and I were still
in bed, and my boy had gotten up and
gone out to play. I had the .32 Colt under
the pillow, and when Jennie turned her
head away I drew it out and shot her be-
hind the right ear. She died instantly.

“IT pulled the covers over her head,” he
went on in a shaky voice, “and got up and
called Donald. I told him to come and lie
down with us, that I wanted to talk to him.
I said his mother was still asleep. After a
few minutes I pointed to a bird outside the
window.. When he turned to look at it, I
shot him too. He also died without a quiv-
er. Then I got up and started to drink.

“I killed them because I had been
brooding over money for weeks and I

° \wo

That was a big relief to Graham. For
Davenport was the seat of Lincoln Coun-
ty, west of Spokane and. almost straight
south of Cedonia.

It appeared that Logan, instead of high-
tailing it out of the country, was instead
going around in a large circle. Whether
he did it because he wanted to throw off
possible pursuit, or whether he had some
business in Davenport, Graham didn't
know, but he meant to find out.

However, he discovered that the next
train for Davenport did not leave for five
hours. Rather than cooling his heels and
reading magazines; he put the time to good
use by going on into Spokane. There he
looked up Mrs. Margaret Ahern, named
as Agnes Janson’s sole friend in the area.
He found Mrs. Ahern to be a pretty bru-
nette housewife. — :

“Of course I know Agnes,” she said.
“She came to this country from Germany
only a year and a half ago, and stopped
to visit with me last summer.”

“Do you know if she was acquainted
with a man named James Logan?” the
sheriff asked.

‘ = “Oh, yes. She met Logan on the train
) and they became friendly.. He . could

< speak German, and Agnes liked that. be-
cause she had trouble with English. I

thought they’d be better off dead. No one
helped me and no one else knew anything
about it.”

Asked why his wife had phoned the
Central City hardware dealer about the
gun and why she had sounded worried
over the phone, Galbraith said she was
anxious to have the weapon for her pro-
tection. “With me away so much, she
thought she’d feel safer if she had a gun.
So I ordered a light pistol for her, that .32
you found in my bag.”

Galbraith collapsed when he had _fin-
ished. He was put to bed at the city jail.

OTTIE RUSSELL then was questioned.

She knew nothing about the murders,
she said, and the officers believed her. She
admitted that she and Galbraith had been
lovers for more than a year, that she had
made a trip with him East when he had to
take care of some business for Mr. Rich-
ardson.

Lottie Russell said she knew Azel was
married, but he’d given her to understand
that he was unhappy with his wife. Lottie
believed him to be wealthy and had no
idea he had stolen any of the money he
had spent on her. It was not until recently
that she had got a glimmer of the truth—
Azel admitted to her, she said, that he’d
forged several checks and was unable to
make good on them.

The unhappy young woman was held as
a material witness.

When Galbraith was brought to Central
City by train, there was a large and angry
group of miners and townspeople waiting
for him. Many of the men had spent the
morning in saloons and were in a mood
for a necktie party.

“Stand by me, sheriff,” Azel pleaded.

THE PERPETUAL SNEER

(Continued from page 45)

must say I didn’t like the man, he was so
—well, so ugly-looking. But he called on
her here several times, and seemed very
attentive to her.”

Agnes Janson’s husband had died in
Germany, Mrs. Ahern explained, and had
left her considerable money. Some time
after his death, the widow had left the
old country and come to America. In
Spokane, Logan had taken her to the
theater, to dances, to a beer garden.

“About seven weeks ago, on September
3,” the housewife went on, “Agnes told
me she was leaving me. I asked her
where she was going and she seemed
somewhat embarrassed. But finally she
said she was going out to keep house for
Logan. She admitted that if they got
along, she intended to marry him.”

Sheriff Graham brought out the brooch
with the image of the Saviour and showed
it to her. “Have you ever seen this be-
fore?”

“Of course I have!” she exclaimed. “It’s
Agnes’. She was very proud of it. It was
a gift from her late husband.”

“I am sorry, but I’m afraid your friend
Agnes is dead,” Graham said. “What’s

. more, I feel sure Logan murdered her.

It’s my opinion he’s a thoroughgoing ras-
cal, that he learned about her money and

“You won't let them get me, will you?”

“No, they won’t get you,” Cody said
firmly. “I’m going to see to it that you live
to stand trial. If you swing at the end of a
rope, it'll be legal.”

Cody and his deputies hustled Galbraith
to the county jail in Central City. That
night the mob, now greatly increased in
size, clamored for Galbraith. Finally Sher-
iff Cody, wearing a single six-gun, slowly
walked out to meet them. He was one
against five hundred.

“Go home, boys,” he said, “unless you
want another sheriff in Gilpin County. I
don’t want to hurt anybody, but I swear
Vll kill six of you before any of you get
through this door.”

One of the mob shouted: “Let us at him.
Azel Galbraith deserves to swing. Are you
standing up for a murderer, Cody? You're
no better than he is if you do that.”

The crowd began to surge slowly for-
ward.

“The Law will handle this job,” Cody
said. “The Law is bigger than me, bigger
than any mob. Hell, boys, you are the Law.
You can’t do this to yourselves.”

The words seemed to sink home. There
were mutterings and shouts, but slowly
the crowd grew quiet. Then, by twos and
threes, the men began to disperse. Sheriff
Cody had won.

Azel Galbraith lived to stand trial, as
Cody had promised. The legal proceedings
took only a day and a half. The jury found
Azel guilty of murder and the judge sen-
tenced him to death. On March 6, 1905, he
was hanged at the state prison at Canon
City. .

Eprror’s Note: The name Al Olson, as
used.in this narrative, is fictitious.

that he resolved to get his hands on it.”

MES: AHERN shed a few tears at that,
but she could throw no light on Lo-
gan’s background. The man had _ talked
very little about that, although he had
spoken rather grandly "about having large
holdings in real estate and other proper-
ty. Agnes Janson was a somewhat naive
and trusting soul, and Mrs. Ahern had
strongly advised her to make sure about
Logan before taking the final step of
marrying him. Agnes said she was de-
termined to do: this and that working as
housekeeper for Logan would give her an
excellent opportunity to satisfy herself on
that score. But after leaving Spokane on

September 3 to join Logan at the ranch, »

she had not written to Mrs. Ahern. It
seemed all too apparent that she had
come under the influence of the sinister
Logan and had become putty in his hands.

“Where did Agnes Janson have her
money?” Graham inquired,

“Most of it was deposited in the Nor-
den Bank of Berlin,” the housewife re-

plied. “She showed me her passbook. -

She had 18,000 marks there, and *had ar-

‘ranged to have it forwarded here on her

order.”
« The sheriff thanked her and went on

‘ ie \ uy ae


a THE DEVIL OF RUSSELL GULCH ms : ae
¢ ‘ , (Continued from page 39) ; a ' ge r
I al . . : at
ot ~— getting at?” Cody wanted to’ know. he act when you talked to him?” ‘burn and he was blowing most of it on a

woman named Lottie Russell. I considered. .
him a pretty good customer, so I lent him
$150 a month ago when he .asked for it. I
figured he was good for it. Then just last
week he asked for another $75. —

“Scared. He didn’t say much to me but
maybe that was because this other fellow
stuck pretty close to him. Say, you might
be able to learn who the other man was
from City Marshal O’Rourke. We called —

‘ “Well, you know what a good job Gal-
 braith had at the Topeka mine. He prac-
tically ran it in the absence of Richard-
nd son. I don’t know what his salary was, but
it must have been pretty good, and he

pel had authority to sign checks and make -him in to help straighten out the mixup.” “I wasn’t so quick with my money this
ey 4, out the payroll.” time. I asked him about that mine of his i
?

a

Miller was a watchman at the .Topeka
mine. Galbraith formerly had been a con-
fidential clerk and bookkeeper for A. J.
Richardson, an Eastern millionaire who
owned the mine.

“I don’t know what got into. Azel,” Mil-
ler said.
changed just like that.” He snapped his
fingers. “He used to be a good-natured,
easygoing .sort but he turned into an
irritable crank. Nobody at the mine could
get along with him. Then he began neg-
lecting his work.

“He didn’t pay off the boys on time—
he was always late with the money. All
of us at the mine got the feeling that he
was in some kind of trouble. We figured
that maybe somebody in Denver was
blackmailing him, taking every extra cent
he had. But that’s just a hunch we got.”

Miller said that G..K. Kimball Jr., man-
ager of the Old Town Mine, was a good
friend of Galbraith’s. It was possible that
Kimball might have further information

“But something happened. He.

ODY SET OUT on horseback over the
winding Virginia Canyon shelf road to
Idaho Springs, a busy milling and smelter
town. He found Marshal O’Rourke at his
office.
“ “Sure, I remember seizing that furni-
ture for Mr. Kimball,” he said. “Galbraith
didn’t have much to say, but the man
with him did. Said his name was Al Olson,
and that-he was from Denver.”
“I imagine there are a few Al Olsons in

Denver,” Cody said, smiling. “But I’ll find

him.”

Next day Cody conferred with police
officials in the large city. Two detectives,
Saunders and Loomis, were assigned to
help him.

“It’s not gonna be easy,” Saunders said.
“Here in the city directory you can see
for yourself. There are over a dozen Al
Olsons. Well, we’d better get going.”

Half of the names had been checked off
by midafternoon, when the three officers
entered the Twin Antler saloon, owned

back in the hills—he’d always bragged so 7

much about it in here. I said, ‘What’s the
matter with that mine of yours?’ He told
me it .was closed down temporarily. So I
said I wouldn't let him have any more
money without security. He said he’d give
me his household furniture to cover the
entire debt, and we went up to Russell
Gulch the next day to get it.”

Cody knew Galbraith fairly well, so the
bartendér’s information came as a real
shock. Azel, it appeared, had been leading
a double life for some time. In Russell
Gulch he acted the part of the devoted
husband and father; in Denver, the play-
boy who drank champagne and lavished,
money on a mistress. Now it was clear
why he had run into financial difficulties.

Olson went on with this story. “I met
him at his house in Russell Gulch in the
afternoon and we loaded the furniture on
a wagon. I figured I’d drive it to Denver
by way of Idaho Springs. I noticed some-
thing funny while we were at the house—

for the sheriff. * by still another Al Olson. The white- he kept the bedroom door shut tight and }

hen Kimball didn’t appear surprised to see aproned barkeep, a big, heavy-shouldered wouldn’t let me go in there. Said his wife i \——.
inst Cody. “As a matter of fact, sheriff,’ he man, came up to them. had taken the bedroom furniture when iW
nat- _ said. “I was just about to go to you. May- “What can I do for you?” he said. she moved away a few weeks before. hi
de- _be I can help.” Cody said they wanted to talk to Al “I didn’t know whether to believe that~ i

Kimball began by explaining the change Olson, the owner. story or not,” Olson continued. “But I let My
aang that had taken place in Galbraith several “That’s me,” said the big bartender. - it go and didn’t insist on having a look in Ki
life, months back. ' “This is my place.” the bedroom. But I really got mad when tes
was “I heard about that from Miller,” Cody Detective Saunders flashed his badge. we reached Idaho Springs and another fy
ance said. “What else~can you tell me about “We're from headquarters. We're looking creditor popped up with a prior claim and i
him him?”" for a man named Azel Galbraith. Do you seized all the furniture. Then I saw Gal- a
ined “He borrowed money fae me. He’ know him?” braith for what he was—an underhanded
pay~ came to me one day and looked mighty “Sure. He was in just a few days ago. double-dealer.”
shad worried. Said he was in a tight spot and What do you want him for?” Cody asked Olson if he knew where
ered needed money. I figured he’d been gam- The officers ignored the question. “Is he Galbraith‘ was! staying.
that c ‘ “Probably with his. woman, Lottie Rus-

bling and I gave him what he wanted.
Later, though, when he begged for more
money and said his very life depended on
getting it, I tried to get him to tell me his
trouble.

“Well, he wouldn’t tell me a thing. He
acted scared and desperate, and finally

a regular customer?” Cody asked.

The barkeep nodded. “You might say
80. He’ll come in every day for a week,
then I won’t see him for a couple of weeks
or so. He’s a real spender, though. Comes
in with that high-toned woman of his and
drinks nothing but champagne.”

sell. I can give you her address.”

Outside the saloon, Cody, sothewhat,.
shaken by what they had learned, said:
“I hate to admit it, but it sure looks like
Galbraith killed his own wife and boy,
and sold his furniture so he could keep on

ot in talked me into loaning him more on his Cody frowned. “I’m afraid we're talk- with this Russell woman here in town.
seme- houseliold furniture as_ security.” ing about two different men. The Galbraith It’s a mighty hard thing to believe if you
iriend “I think things are beginning to clear we want is a miner from Russell Gulch knew Azel.”
y re- up a little,” Cody commented. “Did. you and I doubt if he ever tasted champagne _— Lottie Russell was a tall, pretty brunette
spirits go to his house last week to claim the in his life.” . with quiet and refined manners, not at all
sunny furniture?” “Well, my customer is from Russell ' the typical kept-woman. She readily ad-
asures “No. This is what happened. I caught Gulch,” Olson said. “Must be the same mitted to the officers that she had a house
r dis- Azel in Idaho Springs trying to sneak the man. You know, there can’t-be many guest. ;
ger of furniture off with another man. I stepped fellers with the name Azel Galbraith from “I pleaded with him not to forge those |
aand a in and claimed the stuff because of the Russell Gulch.” : checks,” she said calmly, “but he was des- |
nds of debt.” He laughed as he lit up a big cigar. perate for money and wouldn’t listen to
“Who was the other man?” Cody asked. Cody asked Olson to describe his cus- me.’
ver 12, “Don’t know. He was a big, tough-look- tomer. He did, and the description fitted “There are more serious charges against
payoff ing, dressed like a city feller. He claimed Azel Galbraith to a T. The sheriff con- him than that,” said Cody. “Where is he?”
> es for Galbraith had put up the furniture as ceded that they were talking about the Miss Russell led them to a luxuriously-
forced security on a loan to him, but he didn’t same man. “Tell us what you know about furnished bedroom where a tall man lay
Bhere have any papers. I did, so I got the stuff.” Galbraith,” he said. on a couch. He jumped to his feet and
AS “Mighty strange,” Cody commented. Olson scratched his head. “I really don’t looked about wildly, like a trapped ani-
ly “Seems like Galbraith was borrowing know much about him. He started coming mal.
money from all kinds of people. How did — in here about a year ayo. Had money to “Pm arresting you for the murder of


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CLIP newspaper items

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EAC ) pc AROINAL PUBLISHING, oePT C27

ox 5200* Jacksonville, Fla. 32207

‘John Graham.

Why was it so heavy?”
Graham shook his head negatively.
“Did you put anything in her bags?”

Moore asked. “Someone mentioned

something about you handling a Christ- .

mas gift.”

“Oh, that,” Graham said easily. “When
my mother wasn’t looking, I stuck in a
present to surprise her. It wasn’t much.
Just a seashell kit. She liked to work on
seashells.” He told Moore that he didn’t

remember just where he’d purchased the

kit, but it was “somewhere in town.”

Agent Moore directed his aides to
comb Denver for a kit such as Graham
had described. For two days, federal
agents toured Denver stores, shopping
for a seashell kit. They were unable to
find a single store in the Denver area
which sold the article.

Meanwhile, Agent Moore had dug up
more information about John Graham
from the Denver polige. Four years
before, the records showed, Graham had
stolen a batch of checks from the Denver
firm for which he worked at the time. In
the next three days he passed 42 of them
for $100 each, forging the name of acom-
pany official on each check. He bought
himself a new convertible and took off.

In November he was arrested in Lub-

| bock, Texas, when he tried to crash a

roadblock. Several shots were fired at
him before the arrest could be made. The
police in Texas charged him with
bootlegging and he was sentenced to 60
days behind bars. Then he. was ret-

urned to Denver, whereupon he plead- *

ed guilty to the charge of forgery.
His mother promptly paid $2,500 as
an installment on Graham’s debt, and he
was put on probation for five years on his
promise to make restitution of the
balance. He still owed a balance of
$105.34 when his mother was killed in the
crash of the Mainliner.

By persistent digging, Agent Moore
learned of other episodes in the life of
On the morning of
Sept. 5, 1955, three months before,
an explosion in his mother’s restaurant at
one o'clock in the morning had caused
damage to the extent of some $400, In-
vestigation showed the blast was caused
by escaping gas from a deliberately dis-
connected fuel line, which was ignited by
a pilot light on a hot water tank. A small
amount of money was missing from the
cash register. Graham had closed the
restaurant himself a short time before the
blast.

Although the investigating detectives
were highly skeptical, without evidence

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theory that a thief had been responsible
for disconnecting the gas line and causing
the explosion.

FBI Agent Moore probed deeper and
deeper into the background of young
Graham. From employes at the
restaurant he learned that John and his
mother often quarreled about money. He
learned too that Mrs. King had left an es-
tate valued at around $150,000, part of her
inheritance from her second husband,
Earl King. John Graham was entitled toa
good-sized share of this tidy sum.

But the clincher that made Agent
Moore certain that young Graham was his
man was the trip insurance taken out on’
the life of Mrs. King. An examination of
the policy in the Tele-Trip machine
revealed that it had not been counter-

signed by John’s mother. Although any ,

person could put coins into the machine
and fill in the form, it had to bear the
signature of the person insured in order to
be valid.

,

Ve signature the form failed to*
show. .The implication was clear,
therefore, that Mrs. King had not even
been aware that John had insured her life!

On Sunday afternoon, November
13th, John Graham was brought before
Agent Roy Moore and his colleagues for
further questioning. He was grilled until
the late hours of the night. Early Monday
morning it was announced that Graham
had signed a statement in which he ad-
mitted having placed an explosive device
in his mother's luggage before she board-
ed the Mainliner, with the intention of
killing her so he could collect her in-
surance. : ‘

According to the authorities, Graham
told them that he had constructed the
bomb on October 18th or 19th, using 25
sticks of dynamite, a time device witha
maximum delay of 90 minutes, a 6-volt
dry cell “hot shot” battery, and two
dynamite caps, each cap being connected
to eight feet of wire, in case one of the
caps should fail. These materials, he said,
he put in a long cardboard box which he
concealed under a blanket in the trunk of
his car. ‘

On November Ist, at 5.m., Graham's
statement continued, he removed the
bomb from his car when he saw his
mother drive away to the garage where
she was going to store her car. Then he
unpacked part of the contents of a large
suitcase belonging to his mother and
replaced them with the bomb. He set the
time for 90 minutes, its maximum
capability.

Putting his mother’s luggage into his
car, he drove to the garage to pick her up,
then drove his mother to the airport. After
parking his car, he carried Mrs. King’s
three bags to the terminal and watched
her check them onto the flight for which
she was booked. He said that after the
luggage was checked through he bade his

to prove otherwise they had to accept the |

‘mother goodbye and watched her board
_ the plane with the other passengers.

With a couple of relatives, Graham
said, he then went to the coffee shop. “We
were there for about an hour,” he
revealed, “and as we were leaving I heard
the cashier say that there had been a
wreck of an airplane about forty miles out
of Denver...” Later that evening, he said,
after he had returned home, he heard
over the radio that all passengers on the
plane had been killed.

Graham, it became clear, must have
sweated out 35 agonizing minutes while
the Mainliner delayed its takeoff.
Another 11 minutes and the bomb would
have gone off at the airport, destroying
the plane on the ground.

Graham also admitted that before
leaving the air terminal he had invested a
dollar and a half in an insurance policy on
his mother’s life. His failure to have her
sign it, of course, invalidated the policy.
He had murdered 44 human beings for
nothing!

On Tuesday the federal government
turned the prisoner over to the State of
Colorado, and District Attorney Bert
Keating, of Weld County, prepared
murder charges against the mass slayer.
The day after his arraignment in a state
court, Graham repudiated his confession.

“T didn’t do it,” he declared to an inter-

| viewer. “And I have no idea how the ex-
| plosion occurred.” Later he told his
| lawyer that he made his “admission” to

the FBI because he was coerced.
Undaunted by the retraction, DA
Keating and his staff of detectives press-
ed the task of tightening the web of
evidence against the accused mass-killer.
This evidence included a sales slip for a
timing device bought by Graham in
Denver; identification of the suspect by
the owners of a store in Kremmling,
Colorado as the purchaser of 25 sticks of
dynamite on October 29th; the policies
insuring his mother’s life with himself
named as beneficiary; the statement by
the owner of a Denver electrical shop,
where Graham had obtained a job on Oc-
tober 10th because, he had said, he “need-
ed electrical experience.” He worked
there six days and never returned. And an
emphatic denial by U.S. Attorney Kelley
that the confession-.way made under
duress.
Although the was indicted for first
degree murder for each of the 44 deaths
he had caused, Graham was tried only on
the charge of murdering his mother, His
tial began on April 16, 1956, and for 10
days the jury listened to testimony by the
Prosecution. It was followed by only
three hours of testimony by the defense.
And on May 4th, after deliberating for
one hour and 24 minutes, the jury return-
ed a verdict of guilty and set Graham's
Penalty at death in the gas chamber.
In his jail cell Graham signed an af-
fidavit in which he said, “I accept the ver-
dict of the jury and desire that it be
Carried out with all convenient speed.”

i able Naar okt

meh ha

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Mass Murder
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(Continued from page 38)

aluminum, fragments of bulkheads, a

litter of broken seats, first aid kits, ~

cushions, luggage, mail pouches, dinner
trays and objects battered beyond
recognition.

At least 40,000 bits of wreckage were
scattered over this stretch of farmland

alone. Among them lay the crumpled,

mangled bodies of the dead.

The ambulances were kept busy,
ferrying the bodies of the crash victims to
the armory in Greeley which had been
turned into a temporary morgue. The
dead were grotesquely mutilated and dis-
membered. A crash truck crew, tearing
apart the twisted mass of fuselage with
metal cutters and hatchets, uncovered
several arms and legs poking obscenely
through the tangle of blackened metal.
Near the rubble of the fuselage, flames
snarled from twa enormous craters, at
least 50 feet in diameter and more than six
feet deep, where the falling engines had
lodged in the earth.

A haystack yielded a tiny form like a
rag doll which had been broken and toss-
ed away. It was the body of little James
Fitzpatrick II of Batavia, New York, the
only child aboard the stricken airliner.

Working under batteries of
floodlights while a helicopter from
Lowry Air Force Base at Denver hovered
overhead, the rescue teams pulled apart
the debris, which had quickly become
sheathed in frost as the night
temperatures plummeted below freez-
ing.
By daylight they were able to account
for a total of 44 bodies; the grim word
was released to the press: There were no
survivors. All on board the ill-fated air-
craft had perished.

» The disaster to the Portland-bound
airliner cast a pall of tragedy over homes
from coast to coast across the breadth of
America. As far east as New York and
Rhode Island, as far west as Washington
State and Oregon, families and kinfolk
mourned their dead.

Among the doomed passengers were
Dr. Harold Sanstead, deputy secretary of
the United States Public Health Service;

James Straud and Carl F. Deist, both °

prominent officials of the General Motors
Corporation; and John Des Jardins,
whose wife was related to Sherman
Adams, onetime White House chief of
staff under President Dwight
Eisenhower.

Two of the four women who had
boarded the plane at Denver, Barbara J.
Cruse of Aurora, Colorado, and Sally Ann
Scofield of Denver, were United Airlines
stewardesses on vacation.

Seeking the cause of the disaster, Fred
B. Lee, CAA administrator, flew at once
from Washington, D.C., accompanied by

W. H: Weeks, chief ‘of the aircraft
engineering division, and Ward Masden,
chief of the carrier safety division. Arriv-
ing in Denver, they conferred with
representatives of United Air Lines, tls
Air Line Pilots Association, the’ Flight
Engineers Union, and the Pratt &
Whitney Aircraft company.

Webb H: Burke, special agent in
charge of the Denver office of the
Federal Bureau of Investigation, also was
there, as an unofficial participant and
observer at this point.

“We maintain close liaison with
several aeronatics authorities and United
Air Lines,” he told reporters, “and our
facilities are at their disposal.”

In line with this policy, two FBI agents
were already at the scene of the
wreackage having’ flown out from
Washington less than two hours after the
crash was reported. Quinn Tamm, assis-
tant in charge of the _ identification
bureau, was going about the grim
business of checking the victims’ finger-

_ prints. J. William Magee, special agent

from the FBI crime laboratory, was con-
ducting an intensive study of the debris of
the shattered aircraft.

At the conference it was decided that
the various agencies and groups involved
in ‘the investigation should pool their
resources and information in a joint probe
to be headed by Jack Parshall, Kansas
City regional investigator for the Civil
Aeronautics Board. Parshall was well
fitted for the task. He had-been in-
vestigating crashes for the CAB since its
formation in 1939. In that same 18-year
period, the CAB had established a
remarkable record, determining the
cause in 97 percent of all fatal crashes. His
vast experience in this highly specialized
area was to prove invaluable.

Cao Air Lines willingly abided by

. the decision. The line’s president, W. A.
Patterson, declared: “Determination of‘
responsibility for the accident is beyond «

the authority of the United Air Lines
alone. Federal and local officials are now
working at the scene. Experts from our
own organization and the Douglas Com-
pany are cooperating with all federal
agencies in the most vigorous investiga
tion. We will search out every possibility,
however remote.”

Not content even with these steps,
United Air Lineswent still farther, engag-
ing the services of Charles Wilson,
Wisconsin. State Crime Laboratory
superintendent and a bomb expert of in-
ternational renown.

As the small army of officials went
quietly about the business of questioning
witnesses, one fact became increasingly
clear. Scores of persons described the
two explosions they had heard; one had
taken place in the sky, the second when
the plane plunged to earth. '

There could be no doubt, therefore,
that an in-flight blast had occurr

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aboard the Mainliner. No one could be
that positive about the’ second blast,
however. —

Was that blast accidental, or the con-
sequence of deliberate sabotage? This
was the question uppermost in the hands
of the investigators.

The probers sought the answer to the

- mnystery in the wreckage itself. They

went about it methodically, carefully,

and with a thoroughness beyond belief.

On a large-scale map they made a grid
pattern of the entire disaster area, assign-
ing teams of men to each section. Top
technical men from Douglas Aircraft and
60 experts from United Air Lines worked
with the official investigators. They
charted the precise location where every
bit of wreckage was found on their maps,
even minute fragments no thicker than a
pencil in diameter, as well as small rivets,
nuts, bolts washers and screws.

And when that tedious chore was
completed they loaded every tiny item of
debris, along with the larger pieces,
aboard trucks for shipment to an empty
hangar at Stapleton Airport in Denver.
On the master map, a definite pattern
took shape, a long oval, inarked at either

~-end by the relatively undamaged por-

tions of fuselage and tail, and swelling in

outline at the sides where their wreckage
ad been scattered.

The resulting picture clearly showed

evidence that an explosion had taken

place amidship in‘ one of the airljner’s _

cargo holds.

The Mainliner had carried 400 pqunds
of mail. R. B. Dunbar, postal inspector in
charge of the Denver division, searched
the area with a group of his aides. Some of
the mail, letters and small packages, had
been scattered for miles. A small number
of them were torn and fragmented, but
most were intact. All told, Dynbar
managed to recover 354 pounds of the
mail shipment.

O ne batch of 217 pounds, completely
undamaged, was discovered under the
forward section of the aircraft. At least 95
per cent of the salvaged mail showed no
signs of burns—and this was interpreted
as a definite indication that a blast had
propelled them from the aircraft.

Although not officially in the in- .

vestigation, the FBI was active across the
country, delving into the backgrounds of
the 44 victims, checking on relatives and
friends for a lead to any conceivable
motive for sabotage or murder. The
federal agents inquired into the origins of

the baggage and freight carried hy tne

Mainliner in an effort to trace the ship-

ment of explosives or incendiary
materials.
The technicians, meanwhile, had

"Sa Zany ea Aa cama A ROA ls PORE Ni

been achieving positive results. They had
divided their investigation into four
channels. One group concentrated on ob-

taining eye-witness accounts of the
tragedy. A flight operations section
studied the known details of the

Mainliner’s last flight, from its point of
origin in New York to that last radio com-
munication from the plane commander.
Pilot Lee Hall. Still others probed into the
history of the airplane itself, poring over
airline records at Oakland, California.

_ The fourth group concentrated on the
physical evidence, hunting for flaws and
defects in the fuselage, the engines, the
fuel and the heating lives.

Thus, by methodical examination, the
technicians were able to eliminate, one by
one, engine trouble, propeller defects,
structural flaws, and pilot error as possi-
ble causes of the disaster. On the other
hand, there was evidence accumulating
to confirm the theory of an explosion.

They found pieces of metal to which
an odor of cordite still cung, misshapen
pieces pocked and pierced as if torn by
shrapnel, luggage that clearly had been
shredded in some sort of detonation.

What damage by blast they did find
seemed to have occaricd toward the rear
of the aircraft. On the basis of these fin-
dings, the experts embarked upon a
remarkable experiment. In the hangar
they set up a full-scale model of the rear

: 69


—

pe

capecatae Se

of the Mainliner, using metal screening

* over a wooden frame. They began to fit

the recovered bits of wreckage onto the
model, using blueprints of the plane and
the Douglas parts catalogue to determine
where each fragment ‘belonged. It took
countless hours and many days to put
together this mammoth jigsaw puzzle in-
volving hundreds of thousands of parts,
but the result was well worth the intensive
labor involved.

In this fashion they were able to es-
tablish positively that the blast had oc-
curred between the tail and the wing in
Cargo Pit No. 4 under the lounge. The
walls of this compartment were bellied
out, and the floor was pulverized by a
force that was almost equal in all direc-

tions. The parts of the fuselage around the

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compartment were shattered and smash-

Nothing the aircraft was known to
have been carrying could have burned or
exploded with the violent force that
would have been needed to cause such
damage.

On Tuesday, November 8th, James
N. Peyton, Chief of the CAB’s investiga-
tion division, officially requested the FBI
to take charge of the probe. Special Agent
in Charge Webb Burke, of the Denver of-
fice, promptly assigned his assistant,
Special Agent Roy K. Moore, to the case. '

Moore, who had joined the FBI 17
years before after service with the U.S.
Marines, was already well up on the facts,
having been in constant communication
with the investigators. A mass murderer
of incredible viciousness was being
sought, and Moore was grateful for the
chance to bring him to justice.

“It’s a man-sized job,” he admitted to
Burke, “but we may be able to narrow
down the possibility sooner than we
think.”

“How do you figure it?” Burke asked.

“Let's consider the basic facts,” Moore
replied. “The bomb could have been
planted in three places, in New York—
where the flight originated—or. in
Chicago, or in Denver. Chicago and
Denver were the only two stops it made
before the crackup. We can assume the
lethal gadget operated on some sort of
timing device.

“If it was planted in New York or
Chicago, it took a long time to go off, and
usually those devices don’t operate ex-
cept over short periods of time. Besides,
setting it up for that far in advance, how
could the guy be sure the bomb wouldn't
go off when the plane was on the
ground?”

Burke nodded. “That makes sense,”
he agreed. “Planes get stopped by engine
trouble, bad weather, all sorts of things.
As a matter of fact, the Mainliner took of f
from Denver thirty-five minutes late.”

“Exactly,” Moore said. “The guy’s sur-
est bet would be to get it into the plane
rigged to explode around a half hour after
takeoff.” ta

“Then your idea,” Burke summed
up,” is that if the bomb was put aboard in
New York, it would have exploded
before reaching Chicago. If it was put on
in Chicago, it would have gone off before
landing in Denver.”

Moore nodded, adding, “And that fits
in with the thirtyfive-minute delay here in

~ Denver. Let’s compute the time element.

The plane crashed after flying eleven
minutes. If it had started on schedule
from Stapleton, 46 minutes of flying
would have taken it right over the
Rockies, just about where that plane
crashed near Laramie last month.

“The wreckage would have been
scattered over the mountains, covered
with snow. It might have been spring
before we could examine the debris, and

by that time evidence would almost sure- '

ly have disappeared. I think our guy had
it figured just that way. Maybe that other
crash gave him the idea.”

“Your figuring then, would put our,
murderer right here in Denver,” Burke
said. 3

Moore nodded his agreement. “The
other evidence points to that, too. Some
of the luggage in that exploded cargo pit
was put there in New York. Four women
boarded the plane here in Denver. All

_ their bags were stowed in the same com-

partment. That’s consistent with my
theory. The way I look at it, the guy we
want was related to, or knows, one of the
passengers who boarded the plane here in
Denver—a guy who knows something
about explosives, and has a motive.”

Although Moore banked heavily on
the Denver angle, he was not discounting
other possibilities. There was, for exam-;
ple, the strike called against the airline by
the Flight Engineers International
Association a week earlier. Farfetched
though it was, Moore would investigate
to make sure that some issue in the labor
dispute had not motivated the bombing.
His work in that direction eventually’
would satisfy him that it had not. The un-
ion, in fact, had quickly posted a reward
for information leading to the arrest and
conviction of the saboteur.

BE. that matter, Moore realized, any |
person on the crew might have been the |

target of the bomber, and he checked
closely into the backgrounds of all con-
cerned. At the same time, he had FBI
agents across the country run checks on
each of the passengers, trying to deter-
mine who had taken out flight insurance,
the sums involved, and the names of the
beneficiaries.

News of the infamous crime had
made headlines across the country, filling
the public with horror. As in similar

previous cases, the investigators of-the -
destruction of the Mainliner with a lossof

44 lives became convinced that monetary
gain was the motive for the mass murder.
Thorough, painstaking investigation had
eliminated all the other possibilities.

| surance at the Tele-Trip machine main-
4 tained

’ Katherine Marlo had taken the maximum

45 when his stepfather died, and the

a ¥
victims, the bomber would have had to
follow them to the DC-6B. Although the
federal agent did not rule this out ‘com-
pletely as a possibility, he felt that it was
highly improbable.

Two of the four persons who boarded
the airliner in Denver had purchased in-

in the lobby of Stapleton
Municipal Airport by the Mutual of
Omaha Insurance Company. Mrs.

amount, purchased by dropping $2.50 in
quarters into the automatic vending
machine. Mrs. Daisy King had paid $1.50
for a policy insuring her for $37,500.

Inquiry revealed that Mrs. Marlo lived
in the State of Washington and had come
to Denver to attend a church gathering.
Mrs. King resided in Denver. While FBI
men in Seattle checked on the
Washington passenger, Moore in-
vestigated the family of Mrs. King.

He learned that she was a widow, 54
years old, and had lived with her son,
John Gilbert Graham, 23, and the latter’s
family. Mother and son had been
operating jointly the Crown-A-Drive-In
Restaurant on South Federal Boulevard.
John Graham, Moore learned, was Mrs.
King’s son by her first marriage. After the
divorce, the boy’s father had placed him
nan orphanage. His mother had been
temarried to a wealthy rancher,’ Earl
King, and John then came home to live
with his mother and stepfather. John was

youth left home about this time. He'd
ted jobs in Grand Junction, Colorado,
Denver, and in Anchorage, Alaska as a
‘onstruction worker. He also had worked
na logging camp near Yampa, Colorado.
Recently, in addition to helping his
mother at the restaurant, he had taken a
tight job with a car rental company in
Yenver. Seven years ago, he had enlisted

n the Coast Guard but was discharged,
ifter serving less than a year, when it was

0 Alaska to visit a relative.

discovered that he was under age.
_At the time of the plane disaster, Mrs.
ing had been on the first leg of a journey

After studying these facts closely,

_ and Chicago.

Now investigation by Agent Moore
and his aides revealed that 17 of the 39
passengers aboard the ill-fated airliner
had purchased flight insurance. Six of the
17 were for the maximum amount of $62,-
000. The 17 policies had been bought at
various airports, in each case the one
where the insured passenger had begun
his trip.

Agent Moore tentatively eliminated
22 of the passengers from consideration
as likely targets of the bomber. These
were the 22 who were not insured. Of the
17 who were insured, eight more were
quickly stricken from the list 0
possibilities, because they had bought
their policies at small airports before
transferring to the Mainliner at New York

Agent Moore became intrigued with the
bossibilities surrounding John Graham.
With his logging and construction jobs,
He agent figured, Graham would be very
kely to have a good working knowledge
explosives. He had the young man
‘ought to his office. :
_ John Gilbert Grahan proved to be a
8, strapping young man topping six
“et and weighing close to 200 pounds.
is dark hair was cut short, he had heavy
rebrows, and he seemed to wear a per-
hanent scowl on his face that gave him a
illen look. .
Agent Moore asked only a few cur-
questions in this brief preliminary
‘sion. “The records at the airport,” he
hid to Graham, “show that your mother’s
iggage was thirty-seven pounds over the

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That was the last recorded com-
munication from the crew of Flight 629.
Two minutes later, at7:05 p.m., Mountain
Standard Time, witnesses heard the first
explosion in an area of Weld County,
some 35 miles north of Denver.

A housewife was doing the supper dis-
hes in the kitchen of her farmhouse eight
miles east of Longmont, Colorado. The
sound of the great blast had an ear-
splitting closeness about it and her first
thought was for her teenage son, who was
out in the backyard tinkering with the
engine of his old car.

* As she ran out of the kitchen, she

would tell investigators later, there was a ~

glaring light in the sky. Tiny particles of
something or other pelted ‘her like a
metallic rain shower. A mile to. the north
“something heavy” plunged into a beet
field with a tremendous crash that seem-
ed to cause a minor earth tremor.

And there were still more of these
crashing impacts as chunks of metal and
flaming debris rained down from the sky.

Fortunately, these larger pieces of air-

borne flotsam missed the farmhouse.
After that first thunderous explosion
there were other reports that sounded like
cannon shots. For fully five minutes, the
farm wife said, she and her son watched a

- bright red flame hover almost over their

home. A metal bin, later identified as a
part of the airliner used for storing food
trays, thudded to the ground within 10
feet of their front gate. Across the road
from the gate a shredded seat unit landed
right side up and sat there, right side up
but minus one cushion, in the cold stubble
of the field, a bizarre sight.

On the railroad line not far distant
from this farmhouse a conductor and a

38

John Graham (I.) was questioned at hearing before Comm. Oakes (far r., seated)

flagman were riding the caboose of a Un-
ion Pacific freight train heading into the
yards at Denver. The roar of the rolling
train drowned out the noise of the blast,
but both men observed a flash in the sky.
As they watched, wondering what in the
world it was—their first thought was of
“flying saucers’—a great weird shape
outlined ‘in fire tore through the moonlit
sky.
Streaming fire, it catapulted
earthward at an estimated 35-degree
angle. The railroad men’s watches show-
ed it was 7:06 when it smashed into the
ground. Oily smoke mushroomed almost

immediately from the fiery mass, turning

crimson with great broad streaks of flame

that shot upward to a height of 50 to 100

feet. The trainmen could still see huge
tongues of fire avidly licking the night
when the train pulled into Eastlake, 23

-miles away. .

As a general rule, the skyliners in that
area climbed to altitudes of 3,000 to 5,000
feet when they approached the foothills
of the Rockies, but when a farmer saw the
plane about a mile and a half away, it was
no more than 1,500 feet up. He said he
heard two explosions, the second rumbl-

ing across the flatlands as the aircraft hit

the earth.

This farmer telephoned the police
before crossing the fields to where the
scattered wreckage lay.

At Fort Lupton, Mrs. RoseO’Dell saw
and heard the explosion from her kitchen
window. She called to her husband, who
was the Fort Lupton fire chief, and the

~ couple stared aghast at a sky scarred with

falling sparks and firebrands that burned
for from three to five minutes. The local

fire chief telephoned a hasty report to the

_. the scene of the disaster with a’p

-. landed on the property of Frank

“soon, under the direction of Col

two miles, spread out from where Ze

where the tail assembly had ‘com
earth. Between the fore and aft p

_ Colorado Highway Patrol, then

light. :
The airplane’s huge tail ‘ass

Visiting him at the time was
Harold. The dull roar of the blast
them running out. of the hous .
down overhead, a burning 4
stippled the night with a comet-lik
of sparks. In about three s
smashed to earth, and a second expld
spewed up a fan of pluming smokeg
forking flame. Harold ran ac
fields. Near St. Vrain Creek lay ¢
liner’s huge tail assembly. By s
of fate it had landed virtually ir
tall rudder was erect. The ho
stabilizer remained parallel to the
surface, almost in flying positi
Still legible on this huge ch
plane were the words: “Unite

—y eR SE Se OO RRR

A neighbor joined the elder’
and together they explored the
wreackage for possible surviv
found none. 3:25 Se

- They did find the unburned bod
two men who had been thrown’
‘the fallen plane. These bodies ha
the earth with such terrific impact.
they had gouged holes a foot deep in
frozen ground. ie

The skyliner had crashed closetot
Highway 87, just east of Longmont, a

eh

Highway Patrol Chief Gilbert C
scores of patrolmen were block
roads and organizing a search‘
vivors, although few among them ent
tained any serious hopes tha

could have survived the explosi
crash of the disintegrated airline
stranger things have happened,”
the officials at the scene -

terrain. tee
~ Hundreds of people from the’
rushed from their homes to offe
help. Police from nearby towns ca
the carload, and United Air lin
patched a rescue team from Denve
the guidance and direction ‘of?,
Richard Petty, vice president in charge
operations. Nearly two score ambulanet
waited while the salvage squads sifted!
debris under bright emergency lights
every description, even including.
fashioned kerosene farm lantems.7"
The wreckage lay scattered for som

hag

the plane were strewn. ae a
- (Continued on pag s


“st

ev - eo woe woos ww a ae a 7 i! ee

Hargrove said after he formally entered a
plea of innocent to the charge of first-
degree murder of the husband of the
woman. Hargrove wanted to marry. “The
things that happened to me the day before
Christmas have all come back to me now.
It didn’t happen all of a sudden, as though
a fog suddenly lifted. But as I sat here in
jail and rested and thought about it, the
pieces all began to fall together. I know
I can logically explain everything that hap-
pened to me and show that I didn’t kill
Chuck Clark.” Indicating that a gun he
bought the day before the killing was not
the .22 rifle that was aimed through the
victim’s kitchen window, Hargrove said
“The last time I saw that gun was long
before Chuck was shot.” He did not, how-
ever, indicate how he was going to explain
the fact that Lake County, Ohio, authori-
ties found the gun after Hargrove, under
the effect of a so-called ‘truth serum,’ told
them where it was. This gun, ballistics ex-
perts say, is the same gun that fired the
fatal shot. Hargrove explained that he had
confessed the crime the first time

FLoyp HARGROVE
Yes, | did... no, | didn't.

“because everything pointed to me and I
thought I must have done it. They ques-
tioned me for hours and convinced me that
I must have done it. I even made up stories
to try to fit into the way they said I did
it.” Hargrove’s subsequent lie-detector test
‘cleared’ him of this first confession, and
he said at the time he had confessed “be-
cause I wanted to protect Lois—and they
told me I couldn’t get out of it anyway.”
He was rearrested when police learned he
had bought a gun the day before the kill-

ing. “When they arrested me again,” he.

said after his most recent plea of innocence,
“T was still weary from the first time. I
didn’t want to go through that intense
questioning again, so I. just confessed
again. Everything was hazy. When they
told me I did something, I said I did it.
But I know now that I’m innocent.” Thus
the explanation for the man who confessed

—

ne ae ea.

aaa 7? ee ee wil D Bae: les g?
credulity, entered two pleas for Hargrove:
innocent, and innocent by reason of in-
sanity. “This (innocent by reason of. in-
sanity) does not imply that Hargrove
admits the crime,” the attorney empha-
sized. “I just feel that some of his behavior
now and before the crime was committed
indicates that he may not be legally sane.
If he is not sane, he should not stand trial
regardless of who committed the crime.”

This concept of. keeping Hargrove from .

trial had been aimed at previously when
the attorney attempted to have the indict-

ment dismissed on grounds that the evi- |

dence against him was obtained in violation
of his constitutional rights. The attorney
was overruled by Common Pleas Judge
W. S. Slocum after Lake County Prosecutor
Edward Ostrander argued that even if the
evidence was illegally obtained, there was
not sufficient cause to dismiss the indict-
ment against Floyd Hargrove.

Robert Brown Jr. has been sentenced to
40-80 years for the holdup-shooting of a
Montreal tourist, Maurice Couture. The
crime was perpetrated at Old Orchard
Beach, Me., when Brown and Murder Hit
The Hot-Dog Trail (November FRONT
PAGE, 1959).

Albert Fuller got turned down on his re-
quest for a hearing to terminate the life
term he is serving for the 1954 Phenix
City, Ala., murder of Albert L. Patterson
—The Man Who Inherited Dynamite
(August FRONT PAGE, 1957). At the time
of the crime, Fuller was chief deputy sheriff
of Russell County. In his most recent ap-
peal, he was asking the Supreme Court to
set aside his conviction despite the fact
that in a new trial he might draw the death
penalty. Fuller based his petition on re-
marks made by trial Judge J.. Russell Mc-
Elroy to prospective jurors in an effort to
determine if some of them already had a
fixed opinion in the case, “‘A fixed opinion,”
the judge had said to ‘the prospective jurors,
“means a buttheaded opinion; it means a
stubbornness that refuses to be governed
by testimony of witnesses. . . . It means
the kind of buttheadedness that you would
find in a man with a head the shape of a
baseball . . . He has an opinion on every-
thing, and if God could speak out of Heav-
en to him, it would have no effect on his
opinion.” Fuller argued that after that
speech, no juror would dare stand up and
admit he had a fixed opinion: to do so, his
recent appeal said, would have been public
admission that the juror “was an absolute
fool.” The Supreme Court, however, disa-
greéd with this contention and, in a brief.
order with no opinion, denied Fuller his
hearing.

| Walter Hammill, the circus roustabout

convicted of killing 11-year-old Lester
Brown, then Digging His Little Grave Near
The Elephant Barn (December FRONT
PAGE, 1958), was sentenced by Denver,
Colo., District Judge Robert W. Steele to be
executed. The sex strangulation began with
Hammill’s lure of permitting the boy to
ride an elephant. Hammill awaits his walk
to the gas chamber in a death row cell at
the state penitentiary in Canon City.

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17

The

Cleanup

Spot,

Private Robert Ronic has been sentenced
to life imprisonment by a Leavenworth,
Kan., jury for the murder of Betty Simp-
son (Who Made A Sieve Out Of Betty?
January FRONT PAGE, 1960). The 21-year-
old soldier admitted on the witness stand
that he fatally stabbed the 52-year-old tav-
ern operator during a holdup.

Mildred McDonald, 31, walked out of
the Framingham, Mass., Women’s Reform-
atory on parole, after serving six years of
a life sentence for slaying the 14-year-old

Mi_prep McDona.tp
Finishes her ‘life’ sentence.

sister of her former boyfriend. Mildred
was convicted of shooting, slashing and try-
ing to burn the body of Mary DiRocco be-
cause she felt that Mary had “belittled”
her when Mildred had visited the DiRocco
home soon after she had been Jilted
(December FRONT PAGE, 1953) by Mary’
brother.

Joseph Hammill, who admitted that J Dug
Ais Little Grave Near The Elephant Barn
(December FRONT PAGE, 1958), has been
condemned to the gas chamber for the
sex slaying of 11-year-old Lester Gordon
Brown II, of Denver, Colo. A jury of ten
men and two women deliberated 3% hours
before finding the bushy-haired itinerant
circus roustabout guilty of first-degree mur-
der. Although Hammill’s attorneys did not
dispute that Hammill lured the Brown boy
to his death—by letting him ride a circus
elephant—they fought for a second-degree

\ 'S mentally deficient.

Thomas Whitaker has been granted an
indefinite stay of execution by the Indiana
Supreme Court; this is the third stay re-
ceived against the electric chair by the
man who decided to legally arrange with a
friend I’ll Swap You My Wife For Yours
(October FRONT PAGE, 1957)—and_ then
killed his ex-wife, his daughter and his son.

ra .

e ELEPHANT MAN CONDEMNED
@ "WOMAN SCORNED" GETS PAROLE

e@ CONNIE STILL OUT ON BAIL

Roger (The Terrible) Touhy, a meek
and stooped shadow of the man who once
battled Al Capone for control of ,the lucra-

murder verdict on the ground that pee

Rocer Touny
Now that prohibition's over... .

tive bootleg liquor traffic in prohibition
days, walked out of Stateville (Ill.) Peni-
tentiary a free man—after 25 years and
nine months of imprisonment. He had been
fingered for the kidnaping of John (Jake
the Barber) Factor, a crime Touhy has
steadfastly claimed never occurred. Twenty-
three days after his release, Touhy was
fatally shot on a Chicago street.

Nick Petrou has been convicted on a
murder charge by a Harrison County jury
in the murder four years ago of Joanne

he

Nick PeTgou
The danger of trying to make sure.

Bland of Clarksburg, W. Va. He was taken
as a result of his attempt to kill his former
wife Cora (The Night They Came For Cora,

May FRONT PAGE, 1959), according to her
accusation, because he was afraid of her
talking about the deaths of Mrs. Frances
Laughlin and her maid Joanne Bland.

Connie Nicholas made a fast trip into
and out of the Indiana Woman’s Prison.
She went in when bondsmen withdrew a
$10,000 appeal bond, ending her latest at-
tempt to evade a 2-to-14-year prison term
as the result of her participation in Mr.
Teel’s Late Date With Fate (November
FRONT PAGE, 1958). The 45-year-old di-
vorcee was convicted of fatally shooting
Forrest Teel, her married lover for 15
years, after she discovered he had become

involved with another woman. Mrs. Nicho-

CoNNIE NICHOLAS
In again, out again Connie.

las was in the process of waiting for a de-
cision on her appeal when the bondsman
withdrew her bond—possibly because she
had appealed to the courts to appoint a
pauper attorney on her behalf, contending
she has no money. That request, inciden-
tally, got turned down because, Acting
Chief Justice Norman F. Arterburn noted,
she had turned over $1800 and a car to her
sister before seeking the pauper appeal.
“To put the matter lightly,” the judge
ruled on her request for a pauper ruling,
“there has been a lack of frankness and
good faith demonstrated.” However, for
the moment, all was well: the day after
Connie walked into prison, she walked out
again, after being released on a new bail
bond. '

Ernest Mills, convicted of the icebox
slaying of his wife Mary, has been sen-
tenced in Denver District Court to from
38 years to life in the Colorado State Peni-
tentiary. Her body was discovered when
A Letter For Mary Mills (September
FRONT PAGE, 1957) came and the landlady,
curious because it wasn’t picked up, inves-
tigated the woman’s apartment. She found
the victim, her throat cut and body slashed,
stuffed inside the refrigerator. Mills has

Steadfast
attorneys
viction

Pointing

was dead!
to contin
W. Steele
jurors wh
guilt com
the jury r

Burton |
awaiting tr
Riss (Febri
released fr
on $105.00
the history
was posted
charged wit
charged wit
attack on ¢
ney’s love, }
Startling
gach’s
Bronx Cour
that ap § Spok
phone) las:
it (the trial
‘I will.’ ‘Pry
furiated, As
ander Scheer
to admonish
Pugach not t.
again. The px

|

Stat
Slate

24-hour guar
undisclosed
said, that he
Proposed an:

Don Claud
No Stomach }
PAGE, 1960), j
matic capture
complicity;
Charlotte ser
Eugene Chan
old Raeford °
been charged \
bery, but Ro
known . , . y;
and an unider |
stolen Thunder |
Rouge, La. Ro
birds was his ¢
dler’s death. R
Stolen 1955 y+
Captured he wa:
derbird. Unfort
plates—from ¢}
second heist .
ted by the troo;

James Padgett
Convicted of first
shooting of Ma,
clerk Aughtry H;
other men, Davi
cetti, admitted hy
and testified ag,
The state had ch
brains of a theft
the shooting, but
edge of the the;
known about the
ent at the holdup
saved from death
the jury recomm:
ful of Wicked p
PAGE, 1959).


:

"AND D FORGIVING

Aa Denver Rb JUNE a4 FHS oe :
Crimson. Bandit Regenerated Before ike

Advisers See Him Go. to: Maker With F

- Viction in Sinéerity: of His Cotte:

= “lies Berle Col
Begs in Vain mt

| f

~
0
.
‘ ae se

Sister Declarés. That: ‘Heartless Father
- Should Have Stood on‘Trap | in ee As

avy WV

Pinte of His Son. Vith Se:

[
— ‘

mM

- ‘By’ Ww: i MORRISSEY.) =
“Harry, have you anything to cay!” queried

Caiion City, Colo., ‘June a
murderer

the state penitentiary, of Harry Edgar Hillen, the ‘‘erimson bandit,”’

* | Denver,.as he stood last night before the death trap in ‘the Canon City prison.

No; nothing,’” came the calm reply, Then Hillen was cast into eternity:
hanging: was given as 10. 30, and it: required seventeen and a fraction ee b
ome Hien. died: peotesting: his innocence. : He |

GIVING DETAILS OF HANGING.
‘IS.FORBIDDEN IN COLORADO
_AND IS OFFENSE TO DECENCY

Harry Ea
‘lalieriiste as
criminal at
death Ike
lips. emitted ‘
Heved had

and they m:
chaplain anc
would go fo
appeal on hi:
Laks, who &

|
nor a aingle :
PIVVV OW

(By W. L. MORRISSEY.)

5 ‘“‘Warry, have ee anything to say?’’ queried Tom Tynan, warden of

arry Edgar Hillen, the ‘‘crimson bandit,’’

ht before the death trap in the Canon City prison.
1¢@"m reply. Then Hillen was cast into eternity.
), and it required seventeen and a fraction minutes before death came’ to the

sting his innocence.

AILS OF HANGING.
EN IN COLORADO
ENSE TO DECENCY

o

Ww, adopted many years ago, under which
orohibited from printing the com de-|*

ong as it is told day by day in the news-
t shocks without going into the sordid de-
. place under the authority of the state.”
w and the motives that inspired its adop-
efoses to priat the sickening story of the
Hillen was led from his cell.

len paid the penalty of hig crimes.

Jalienists as the most desperate type of _

_ Hitien's demeanor Jn/ the ae cell wea. oe

How. different to the HNlen of two years |

ago! How different: to the saayae who -
shot down Thomas. Chase, ‘real. aatate °° 18
Aman, because he smiled whe | the “crim. | Aa

murderer of Thomas Chase, in

The official time of tHe

to Pe vel
i | : ’

Harry Edgar Hitlen, pronounced dy
ertminal ‘at the timé of his a met.
denth I{ke a réligiotis stole. | Hila atrong
lips. emitted forgiventss. for all who he be.
Neved had wronged or mipindged hien,  .
ana ‘they moved in silent prayer asthe |
chaplain and his ald prayed that hia soul. -
would go forth to rh¢ot {ts Maker. His
appeal on high included his father of Balt: |
Laks, who sent not a word, of abet) so
nor 8 single penny for defense, «ss ite
HILLEN REGENERATED Po oe
IN DEATH'S SHADOW.

a |revetation. His simile wae well nigh |
tific, his words | soft and| gentie, hte -
every motion with. h bbed to heaven.

son" bandit held him up! How changéd |
and how different from . the alert, agtle,'
panther-lHke Hillen,| who ° snarfed. and.
signed a statement that he killed the de- .
f?hseless Chase because, _ tppecoth, he | roy
dared laugh into the moutn! of.’ G blue: |.
steel pistol! — /

Yesterday afternoon ‘Harry Wager Hie

overing- executions is very ee and

1
se 19-year-old sister, I
of the | prescribes a penalty for the violation of therihe Adama, his religtous meNter
hin the |the foregoing regarding . suppression of | and ministering ange, while! the bandit |
t, shail | detatis of execution. This section follows? was in Denver. Not a sign! of emotion | a
16 shall Any person who shall violate or omjt 5 g the hours of | conference with hie. . ae pee
e sher- to comply with section six of this act relation; not a ‘tear r. | his eye+ :
convic- {the section previously quoted) shall |. of. the more' than pacstng atrange |
_physt- be guilty:of = misdemeanor, andg up- ligtous fervor. I |
y prac- on conviction thereof, be punished by | an i¢ came time tor sitar ‘ang. '
estate. | & fine df not less than. oe ia We De. Adama to go, Hillen r thru’ cone 7,
cony than $800, or by. imprisonment e bara, _ kissed ~the hand.  Garmere. 4;
ibe ag @ ‘county Jaif for not lesd Than thirty | wialden slster,-and ef Dr. * vaised
we am Gaya, hor more-than et fienthe, — hid head in prayerfat atcitide amd saldi |
th The Colorado statutes g0.on to prescribe] “Gooahy and God hiees you. | Teil father -
ng sata | the manner inwhich the record of execu-| I forgive him for all he fas tr Has not ‘s
mioer- uy shall. be filed. and kept: Here td a a] a eo and all others 1it thay have wronued,” a
present on: | a nen’s apparentiy Tsinoeré Tglneard. ‘Feligious 2
se.pro- | RISCURD OF DEATH MUST Ricco made the: tick-a singte 7
BE FILED IN 10 DAYS. : dtamatic featdre, ana 't. took place witk
_ Upon receiving notice from said | the tnformal nature of a. eniall bouse
Soe We er sc th whnll rh wb oo : :

sat for two hours and.


jah

‘ts A® INGRNIOUS DRVICE. * a
“whe means by which Joyce really

to bie own exeention Wan dngen- |

trib utet oe whit bat peea tnyented by one

he the penitentiary. . It ts a:
‘of. the officials of th? Perlemped vit in mo-

eon gh owe weight, end whteb jerke
“Dim fpto eter
re of
atrapping’:
be: }

{

Sirota crag mal
, Prices walking | bebtod by: the.
“fom tone the Prayers for the ssenatiog tne
whens ‘@oyoe walked fitre

be
ust

is
A

 -eali

jwil r
of
aaa

. oH Re

wr.
Sea a

‘aie as Oia

£ Pe
ta te 8

a

ey

; eam sdk ies

without bis being con-
Oe nity of tbe et


Be ne ee re te AEE
' tie
!
. 7 aren ote AD SE A nT gee OY ee LO) new seed (i An er « Fee
i
{
. '
has ices ae is ~
'
U
pe : ra
h :
‘
'
¢ —_—- ---—- ee ee ee ee ee en nn eR Seat a ene _— ee er re oe oe
.
aie vine Sodiees HO ais gestalbataine! tos tigieoc lina pd een bi pecan wie isin a
a
phueniee a ee atleast J sig nab tense a Lay Sd OARS SOI: NC), SEC yc ats Ninh Same as
\
!~ - pasa ‘ eS a a ate, ahs . . pane os seri iba ae eo Decaccnk a
'
- :
' 0 cena lhe | ce ta ce ele me em etree etd hoe a

Oh

AS

~
(sts

Hl


y

JOYCK, James

5

white,

hanged Colorado state rrison (Arapahoe County), on

. Sa hay ae AEQWOE PAB er os
A iecion ef Pe guion aeavoad oO. Vane
eH “Ropdeal pas eit ous saipyes a} one:
Pood bai Wim peneetey a a
ot xe pay -aayesour wat we ig
018 paw patie sort joa _deoys ike
vide ee mononny sen ogy ht é
worst tS jeyoorise went veoq pq og ie AD

4 aaag pup gootspe £20389
tas legs pt Heh pape net jo jorune:

eal

eat


or saath eae kee COUNT, And the Grand Jurors aforesaid, chosen, selected
and sworn as aforesaid, upon their oaths aforesaid, in the name and by the

authority of the people of the State of Colorado aforesaid, do further present :

That... SANES....T... SOYCE.».....

late of the County of Arapahoe aforesaid,

on, to-wit, the_._Fourth—-——--—-da y of. July ; in the year of our

Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety....--— in the County

of Arapahoe aforesaid, in the State of Colorado, in and upon one John Snooks
in the peace of the people then and there being, feloniously, wilfully
and of his malice aforethought, did make an assault; and that the said
James T. Joyce, with a certain knife, the same being @ deadly weapon,
which he the said James T. Joyce, in his right hand then and there
had and held, feloniously, wilfully, and deliberately, with premedita-
tion, and of his malice aforethought, the said John Bnooks, did strike
stab, cut, and wound, inflicting then and there with the knife afore-
said, by means of the striking, cutting, stabbing, and wounding afore-
said, one mortal wound in and upon the left side of the chest of him
the said John Snooks, of the length, to wit, of five inches, and of
the depth, to wit, of five inches, of which said mortal wound , the
said John Snoo then and there instantly did dte; and the Grand
Jurors aforesaid, upon their oaths aforesaid, do say: that the said
James T. Jovee, on the day and year aforesaid, in the County and State
aforesaid, wittiec manner and form aphetint aad John Snooks, felon-
iouslyv, wilfully, deliberately, with premeditation, and of his malice
aforetnought, did kill and murcer; contrary to the form of the statute
in - case mde and provided, and against peace and dignity of

the People of the State of Colorado.

District Attorney.


Vigilante!

If the vigilantes were placed solidly within the infrastructure
and given the right to take the law into their own hands, it
followed that those who wore the badges and used the gavels,
who sat on the juries and prepared writs, had to be denigrated.
Willett makes a point of comparing vigilante justice, which is
sure and swift, with the legally constituted variety, which is fum-
bling, bogged down in a quagmire of stupid formalities, and
unpredictable. He uses Cheyenne Charley as an example of the
outlaw who passes through the court system and even into prison
only to escape without ever paying for his crimes. It is clear that
Cheyenne is a’ vehicle telling us that courts and jails cannot be
depended upon and that the only sure way to settle a badman’s
hash is to string him up ourselves. Brand, in “The Ghost,” doesn’t

even deign to get the local lawman into the story, but, rather,

places the mantle of authority on Collins, the leader ‘of the vigi-
lantes. Wister insists that when the law isn’t being enforced by
regularly constituted authorities it is the citizen’s right to take it
into his own hands, since he created the law in the first place and
it is therefore his tool. The moral survives as one of the oldest
and most deeply held American beliefs: if you want something
done right, do it yourself.

The efficiency of vigilante operations and the accuracy with
which badmen are fingered are another theme running through
the literature, at least until The Ox-Bow Incident. Besides being
cheaper than housing and feeding the wretches and paying
sheriffs and deputies to capture them, judges and juries to try
them, and jailers to guard them, vigilante solutions are always
quick and highly efficient. Furthermore, vigilantes always get the
right men. That watchful eye always knows what's happening, in
most cases better than does the sheriff, who only gets paid to
catch criminals, but who is rarely victimized by them. Judge
Waller startles Cheyenne Charley (and us) by casually dropping
the fact that he knows Cheyenne’s real name. Obviously, the
vigilantes’ intelligence system is superb. And there is no escape
for those of the Cautious Crooks who fail to get out of the terri-
tory in time; if they resist the avengers they’re’ shot down like
dogs, and if they surrender they’re hanged like hawks’ on a barn
door. No innocent pigeon ever seems to have been hanged on
that door before Ox-Bow. Americans, after all, have traditionally
liked clear-cut winners and losers, heroes and villains, good and
evil. Even if it means going into extra innings or into sudden-

230

a ta CE Aye Ie Te cae iinet s

The Compleat Vigilante

death overtime after the fourth quarter, there must be a winner
and a loser, or we feel unsatisfied.

Another thread running through nineteenth- and early-
twentieth-century vigilante mythology has it that only the best
people belong to vigilante groups and that their motives are
always honorable. They are distinguishable from savage mobs of
crazed lynchers because they have patiently put up with their
problems longer than any rabble could, have contemplated the
alternatives in the coolest and most deliberate way, and have
finally taken the trouble to organize. They then do what must be
done with deep sorrow, as one morality edges out another. The
choice is always painful, but, for the fictional vigilante, ultimately
unavoidable. It is a choice made easier by the nature of his
enemies, who are always murderers, horse thieves, rustlers, coach
or train robbers, crooked gamblers, vicious drunkards and dere-
licts, or corrupt officials (or all of the above). No one ever joins a
vigilante group, or starts one, in order to grab someone else’s
land or possessions, find refuge from the law or protection from
enemies, or liquidate fellow citizens because of their race, reli-

. gion, or politics.

Finally, the pulp writers and novelists did just enough report-
ing to lend authenticity to what they were churning out. Wister
was sent to Wyoming for health reasons as a young man, and his
experiences there, coming relatively soon after the frontier closed,
left deep impressions and provided a great deal of firsthand in-
formation. He then interpreted what he ‘had learned. Willett,
whatever the extent of his travels, managed to inject into his
vigilante piece the facts that Orodia was in the vicinity of Vir-
ginia City and that the vigilantes used the dreaded 3-71-77 as a
signature. Brand, whose real name was Frederick Schiller Faust,
graduated from the University of California at Berkeley and was
reasonably familiar with western lore. He wanted to be a poet,
but turned to the pulps for a living. His formula was simple:
“Action, action, action is the thing. So long as you keep your hero
jumping through fiery hoops on every page you're all right. . -
There has to be a woman, but not much of one. A good horse is
much more important.” How close, then, were these writers to
the truth? In some cases, they were close enough.

On Friday evening, July 20, 1860, James A. Gordon, a man in
his twenties who had an evil reputation, particularly for his dis-

231


gl ochre REIL Pe htite Se S, Sia ld a
ao hho bates 4
il ah SEE Re ies ae ; a

Books by William E. Burrows

Vigilante!
Richthofen

William E. Burrows

Vizilante!

fy la
() é Xx D st ae
( ¢ Lo : ( .* \e

Harcourt Brace J ovanovich
New York and London

Hal

*O99T *1 weqQo499 UO fopezoto) *‘zeaueg ye peSuey Soqtum **¥ sowep *NoduoD


LAW CENTER LIBRARY = + 30890
UNIV. OF ALABAMA

Copyright © 1976 by William E. Burrows

All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopy, recording, or any information storage ;
and retrieval system, without permission in : Foreign Service of the United States
writing from the publisher.

To the memory of Frederick D. Elfers

— First Among Equals —
Printed in the United States of America

For permission to reprint copyrighted material, grateful acknowledgment

is made to the following: The Caxton Printers, Ltd.: From Bald Knobbers,
by Lucile Morris, copyright 1939 by Lucile Morris; The New York Times
Magazine: From “Tony Imperiale Stands Vigilant for Lawandorder,” by
Paul Goldberger, © 1968 by The New York Times Company; The University
of North Carolina Press: From The Carolina Backcountry on the Eve of the
Revolution, by Charles Woodmason, edited by Richard J. Hooker, published

ty
by The University of North Carolina Press, 1953, for the Institute of Early >
American History and Culture. s
ce
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Burrows, William E 1937-
Vigilante! ‘
Bibliography: p. }
Includes index. q
1. Vigilance committees—History. I. Title. <
E179.B96 973. 76-2725 R)
ISBN 0—15—-193655-2 |
_
~~
First edition :
| BCDE
ry
3
a
XN
: “
'
uh


ai Re ammnemmen  eg

Q9HOLES Continued from page 53

to believe that Only one fatality oc-
curred on their side. A great-to-do was
made over the Street engagement even
then. As decades dragged by stories
were circulated and many published,
alleging Rattlesnake Jake went under
only after being hit eleven times. It
took only nine to knock off Fallon, so
it has been reported.

Eye witnesses gave conflicting
accounts of the dead outlaws’ wounds.
Both bodies remained in the dusty
Street for some hours. Men walked
around them discussing the amazing
affair, doubtless counting whatever
wounds visible. Hence it must have
been easy to engage in wild guesses
that later became legends.

. That night local Justice of the
Peace Bill Toombs held an inquest
over the outlaws’ bodies where they
lay. After this protracted ghouliest af-
fair Rattlesanke Jake, his lips frozen in
a snarl of defiance, and Fallon were
removed to the rear wareroom of a
hardware store. In his cooling place a
sawbones stripped the cadavers. He
officially counted the bullet holes
(Not two wounds made by one bullet)
while curious spectators watched.

The doctor determined from
numerous holes and ragged edged
wounds that nine bona fide bullet
holes existed in Rattlesanke Jake.
Only a mere five, any of which he
could never have recovered from, had

been necessary to end Fallon’s lurid
career.

With the next daylight photo-
grapher Clark made Pictures of the
bodies. Unfortunately none of them
have come to light in later years. That
same morning both horses thieves were
placed in unplaned pine board boxes
and hauled out of town. No reason
was given for doing so, but they were
dropped into hastily dug holes ona
knoll at Frank Ritchette’s ranch, No
preacher read burial services for them,
no singing, no nothing. Their planting
was most likely just as they would
have wanted it.

The unfortunate Smith was buried
in the town cemetery that afternoon.
He was put away with considerable
ceremony. A preacher attended, there
was some singing, wild Prairie flowers
and a little weeping. Briefly he was
lauded as a hero. As usual heroes and
their deeds do not survive long. Today
few, if any one, has ever heard of Ben
Smith. But Rattlesnake Jake and
Fallon gained a distinctive fame.

In recent years Ratttlesnake Jake’s
famous nine holes have brought Lewis-
town a measure of old west gun-
fighting fame. It’s citizens began
re-enacting this gory episode between
it’s pioneers and two desperate killer
outlaws,

54 WESTERNER/March-April, 1973

JEFF GLOVER
Continued from Page 32

“You married me just for this day,
didn’t you!” Glover screamed at Lucy
after Judge Sanders sentenced him to
be hanged at “high noon on the Ninth
Day of November anno domini
Eighteen Hundred and Sixty Eight and
to remain hanged by your neck until
the Spirit had departed your mortal
body.”

Lucy looked the condemned man
squarely in his embittered face.
“You’re doggone right I married you
just for this day, you murdering hypo-
crite!” she said. “And I’m going to be
at the front of the crowd watching

you die!”’
They came from far and wide for
Glover’s hanging, whole family’s

coming — some the day before — with
baskets of food. The saloons did a
bustling business the morning of the
hanging. The little town had a cele-
bration atmosphere.

Judge Sanders had ordered that
Glover be hanged from a tree ‘in the
manner in which he dispatched his
victims’, denying him the dignity of a
gallows execution.

Marshal Omar Fedderson, Hughes’
lawman, and his deputies, Ira Combs
and Roy Heckenlively, waited until
Photographers and artists from Frank
Leslie’s Illustrated Weekly, Harper’s
Weekly and other Denver-based cor-
respondents set up their cameras and
other paraphanelia before they began

the hanging.

It wasn’t a merciful neck-breaking
hanging. The doomed man was pulled
off the ground by a rope thrown over
the limb of a tree, death coming
agonizing minutes later by  stran-
gulation.

Lucy kept her word. She was right
up there where she could watch Glover
— and where he could see her as his
life was choked out by the rope. “I
never enjoyed anything as much in my
whole life as watching that son of a
bitch die,” she said later.

Afterward there were two opinions
about widow Lucy Glover, both of
which got pretty well palavered. One,
she was a valiant woman who sold
herself to avenge the man she loved.

Two, she used Rolly’s lynching as the
basis of a calculated scheme to marry
Jeff Glover andquickly become his rich
widow, not really caring a whoop ora
holler about either man.

Whatever her reason, she inherited
Jeff Glover’s holdings, almost a million
dollars’ worth, and two years later she
married her third husband, Abe Ulkin,
a wholesale grocer, with whom she
lived until her death in 1903 at her
winter home in Los Angeles. @

- Continued from page 17

DOCTOR HOLLIDAY

crawled as fast as he could towards hi
fallen mother.

The father who had slept throug!
the Screaming was awakened by th
shots. He grabbed his shotgun and rar
into the yard, when he saw Doc with :
gun in hand and his wife on the
ground, he thought Doc had shot his
wife. Doc said when relating the story
later, “That if the mother had not

regained consciousness and shouted to

her husband in time, he’d have shot
Doc sure as hell.”

Doc said he expected to leave this
world totally unprepared, but not
from a gun in the hands of a home-
steader, but from a coward, and in the
back.

Bat gave me the name of a man
who lived on a ranch north of Denver,

a man befriended by Doc, when this _
man was a small boy. But he doubted ©
that the man would relate the story, at

-least he wouldn’t for Bat, and many

other writers.

At. first he was very uncommu-
nicative regarding the Holliday story.
But after a few drinks of home-made
fire-water, he loosened up. He said
that Doc was responsible for his sue-
cess, and he wasn’t ashamed of the
fact, but he had Promised Doc, that he
would never give out the story for
publication, that being the adopted
son of Doc Holliday would do him
More harm than good, said Doc.

His story follows, he gave me only
a short version. “When I was four
years old my mother deserted me,
leaving me with an old aunt, who
cared nothing of my welfare, after
seven years of age, I was forced to
make my own way, such as it was,
very poor.

In the early winter of 1886, ona
cold night I was trying desperately to
sell my remaining papers on a Denver
Street. I was approached by a well
dressed man who bought all of my
Papers and told me to get inside where
it was warm. This man asked of my
circumstances when he noticed my
poorly clothed body. I was ten years
old at the time. So [ related my pitiful
story and he listened.

When I had finished he said, ‘‘I am
going to give you some money, and if
you spend it wisely and go to school,
later on I’ll send you more, but if you
don’t spend it wisely, you’ll get no


The fantastic story of
the one-man murder
machine who sent 44
innocent people to

fiery death!

ez SoqtuM *qa0eqTTD UNep “SHH

ekTdse

Investigators at first considered plane

N. TUESDAY evening, the
First of November, 1955, a
startling case of true mystery
had its beginnings on the

rolling Colorado farmlands, some
30 miles north of Denver.

At precisely 6:52, eleven min-
utes after its take-off from Denver
on a flight to Portland, Oregon, a
giant DC-6B airliner plummeted
earthward. The-ensuing crash re-
sulted in instant death for all 44
persons aboard.

Officials of the regional Civil
Aeronautics Board immediately

44

began their painstaking investiga-
tion of what was at first believed
to be an “accident”.

First, the entire wreck area was
sealed off so that no valuable clues
could be destroyed by milling
throngs of curious. spectators.
C.A.B. Headquarters in Washing-
ton was alerted; technical experts
and. officials of United Airlines—
operators of the ill-fated plane—
were flown to the scene of the dis-
aster. On hand, also, were agents
of the F.B.I. ;

Investigators found wreckage

explosion an accident. Later they determined its cause and charged youth (r.)

spread over an area five miles long
and two miles wide, over fields and
along U.S. Highway No. 87. Pecu-
liarly undamaged, was the large
nose section of the aircraft.

To these experts it became in-
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[Continued from page 25]

|
there was an extraordinary twist concern-
ing jurisdiction. If the DC-6B had been
bombed, and the crime was murder, it
would become the responsibility of the
Longmont sheriff to solve the crime. But
what could this officer do? Although the
explosion had occurred more than a mile
over his territory, the flight had originated
in New York, with stops made in Chicago
and Denver. An investigation into murder
would have to cover every relative, sweet-
heart «and acquaintance of each of the 44
assengers and crew members—spread
rom New York to Alaska.

The only agency capable of handling a
probe of such wide scope was the FBI;
but if murder was the motive behind the
crash, then the FBI had no jurisdiction
over the case. However, since civilian air-
craft are considered a part of the national
defense pool of equipment, the federal
agency could assume direction of the in-
vestigation if it was proved that a bomb
had been placed on the aircraft to sabotage
a national defense utility. It was up to the
crash experts to prove this, so they were
the first detectives on the case.

Investigators Peyton and Parshall di-
rected a meticulous search of the fields
where the disintegrated plane fell. Every
piece of debris was recovered and trucked
to a warehouse near the airport at Denver.
With the help of Douglas Aircraft experts,
the pieces were identified and hung on a
wire-mesh skeleton of a DC-6B at the

oint in the structure where they be-

onged, Like a giant jigsaw puzzle, the air-
plane was put back together.

During this work, any parts that seemed
to have foreign substance adhering to
them were sent to the FBI laboratories for
tests. A total of two large shipments were
sent.

For five days, working around the clock,
technicians continued this labor.

On Tuesday, November 8, the mock-up
of the wreckage was finally completed.
The entire ship was re-assembled except
for a large hole around the No. 4 cargo
hold toward the rear of the fuselage. This
had disintegrated into nothing. Since there
were no fuel lines in this part of the ship,
and even a major break in the pressurized
skin of the plane could not have caused
such complete damage, the answer to the
enigma became obvious: the cargo had
held a violent explosive of some sort.

Chief Investigator James Peyton picked
up the telephone, called the FBI office in
Washington and reported the results of
the technical investigation. “We find that
this ship was sabotaged,” Peyton said,
“and we are officially requesting that the
FBI assume responsibility for further in-
vestigation.” The Justice Department
ruled that it was proper for the FBI to
take control of the case under the law.

When the FBI gains jurisdiction of a
case there is a crackling efficiency that is
immediately evident. From New York to
Alaska, Agents went into action, checking
friends, relatives and sweethearts of the
passengers and crew. All companies and
persons who had placed freight on Flight
629 went onto the FBI check list. With the
anonymous quiet that is their trademark,
FBI Special Agents completed thousands
of interviews in the next few days.

Somewhere ‘there was a motive for
sabotage and murder, and it would be
found. The lights never went out in the
office of Assistant Special Agent-in-
Charge Roy K. Moore in Denver.

Large rewards were posted. The Flight
Engineers International Association,
which happened to be out on strike
against United Airlines at the time of the
explosion, offered $1,000. Patterson, in the
name of the airlines company, offered
$25,000 for the arrest and conviction of the
person who had placed an explosive on
the plane.

It was quickly discovered that 13 of the
passengers on Flight 629 had taken out
flight insurance policies from the coin-
operated machines found in any large air
terminal. Total coverage on these policies
was $655,000. Beneficiaries came under
immediate scrutiny.

In Denver, only three persons had
boarded the fatal aircraft. Two were com-
pany employes going on a vacation—
Stewardesses Barbara J. Cruse and Sally
Ann Scofield, the latter soon to marry a
United pilot. The third person to board
was Mrs. Daisy E. King, 54, of 2650 West
Mississippi Avenue in Denver, who was
going to visit a daughter in Alaska. Mrs.
King had paid $27 overweight charge on
her baggage, and she had taken out a
number of flight policies.

Mrs. King’s policies arrived at the
Mutual Benefit, Health and Accident As-
sociation of Omaha offices in something of
a muddle. Two of the policies were blank;
two, apparently through a malfunction of
the machine, did not show the amount of
the insurance, and another did not have
the signature of the insured. One policy,
however, was properly filled out and
signed. It named Jack G. Graham as the
Hema for $37,500. The policy had cost

50.

In Denver, John Gilbert Graham imme-
diately came under scrutiny, along with
all pes Si beneficiaries of passengers. He
was the son of Mrs. King by her first
marriage, and he lived at the same address
in a home which his mother, widowed a
second time, had helped him buy. He was

_ 23, married, father of two young children.

Until recently he had been a student at the
University of Denver. He worked nights
as a mechanic in a garage, and during the
day he helped his mother operate a drive-
in restaurant in West Denver.

Graham was extremely broken up about
his mother’s death. Neighbors and rela-
tives said he just wouldn’t talk about it,
but he obviously had been weeping when
alone. One relative became extremely
worried about the young man’s reaction
to his mother’s tragic death.

“We just can’t get to him,” she told a
neighbor. “He was very close to his
mother. He seemed to have a premonition
of her death and got violently sick at his
stomach at the airport when she left.”

The neighbors were also told that
Graham had spent the entire day before
his mother’s departure shopping for a
special gift for her for Christmas. Mrs.
King had made jewelry as a hobby, and
the son had found a unique jewelry-mak-
ing tool kit for his mother. He had wanted
it to be a surprise holiday gift, so he had
slipped it into her baggage without her
‘knowledge. He was described as broken-
hearted because he had not given it to his
mother so she would have known she
had it.

This innocent and worried talk among
neighbors was, of course, the subject of
local conversation. One of the men who
heard it did not feel sympathetic toward
Graham. Instead, a horrified suspicion
crept into his mind. “Whoever heard of a
man having a premonition that made him
sick like that?” he demanded. “And what
else could he have put in that suitcase of
his mother’s besides a Christmas gift?”

This man took his suspicions to the FBI.

From othe
was gathere
convicted 0:
December 2:
on probatior
for the $4,305
had paid bac
had been pa:
He was due :
tion as soon
Graham had
office two da
the — ex)
monthly payr

Graham ha
tence for boo
being AWOL
charged from
was discovere

ere was
record on Grz
he had reporte
in restaurant |
Fire marshals
been disconn:
been ignited j
by the pilot

Damage was |

of broken win

Graham tol
the explosion t

cash register, “

at finding so ]
gas line for re:
Officers did
theory, but the:
otherwise.
People who }
of him as a str:

and hard to t:

quarreled with

of the drive-in
language to hic

ing. And the y

construction jo!

learned to hanc
By Sunday, }
completed thei

Investigation of

that he and hi:

their offices to j

lieved to have

quiet persisten:
tioned the pair
relations with (
couple of hour:
the young wife
she was releasec
retained to clea

Shortly after
two FBI Agent

with a search w;
ough search of
they asked the :
ever seen any d:
them she woul
looked like.

; Downtown in {
tioning of Gral
asked to fill in «
before he put hi
The youth recoi
mother and his 2
at 5:15 to take
Denver Motor H:
so was to n
mother’s luggage
_Graham iraniote
his mother’s suit
since one was br
had driven by a
bought two web s
had gone directly
picked up the fan
the airport.

The interrogato
why he had told

opened a suitcase
present in it for h
came confused on


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76 A

and it would have been impossible for the
technical experts to have gathered enough
pieces to prove a dynamite blast had taken
place. John Graham might well have col-
lected his $37,500 blood money insurance
completely unsuspected.

At 5:45 a.m., Monday, the FBI office an-
nounced that the bomb case had been
solved by Graham’s confession. Later in
the morning, Graham was taken before
U. S. Commissioner Harold S. Oakes and
arraigned on a charge of sabotaging a na-
tional defense utility. The offense carried
a ten-year prison term and a $10,000 fine,
but it was considered only a holding
charge. Graham was ordered held for trial,
and bond was set at the maximum of
$100,000. The defendant was taken to the
Denver county jail.

Later in the day, after U. S. Attorney
Donald E. Kelley had conferred by tele-
phone with top officials of the U. S. Justice
Department in Washington, it was de-
cided that the case would have to be
turned over to state authorities for prose~
cution of murder. The national defense act
dealing with aircraft does not provide for
federal action on murder charges as does
the one dealing with sabotage of railroads.
U.S. Senator Gordon Allott has promised
to introduce legislation in the next Con-
gress to plug this loophole in the law.

District Attorney Marc Smith of Gree-
ley, and the Denver District Attorney,
Bert M.. Keating, went into conference
with the federal authorities. It was deter-
mined that the state laws allowed prose-
cution of murder in either district, and
the case was turned over to Keating.

This famous and hard-hitting prosecu-
tor lost no time working up the case
against Graham for court presentation.
Within two days, the youth denied his
earlier confession—even stated he hadn’t

made it. But this will do him little good.
He has been identified as the man who
bought a timing device from the Ryall
Electric Supply Company in Denver on
October 18. This one he found unsatis-
factory and brought back, to trade for
another model the next day.

Also, one of the partners in the Brown
Brothers Mercantile Store in Kremmling,
Colorado, where Graham went to high
school, recalled selling Graham a supply
of dynamite about November 1. The case
against Graham was tightening.

“J will prosecute this case personally,”
District Attorney Keating said. “And if we
do not send him to the gas chamber for the
murder of his mother, there are 43 other
homicides to try him on.”

On November 17, Graham was brought
into the Denver District Court for ar-
raignment on charges of murdering his
mother. He was granted a delay of 11 days
in order to get an attorney.

As for the reward money, whether any~
one helped enough in solving the case to
claim it will have to wait until after the
trial. FBI Agents, of course, are not al-
lowed to collect rewards.

As for the $37,500 insurance Graham
had hoped to collect on his mother’s death,
not a cent of it will he get. A Colorado
Supreme Court decision prevents anyone
from gaining money from a premeditated
act against another person which results
in death. He may, however, receive a $1.50
refund from the insurance company for
the premium on the insurance policy!

An ironic note in the case of the mur-
derer who couldn’t wait for his mother’s
death: despite his bitter quarrels with her,
John Gilbert Graham had been named in
his forgiving mother’s will to receive one
fourth of her $150,000 estate. Now Graham
won’t be able to touch any of this bequest.

No Will To Die

[Continued from page 31]

chemistry?” Marino asked Red. Murphy
had studied chemistry before drink had
got the better of him. “O.K.,” said Marino.
“This Malloy. We gonna knock him off for
insurance. We'll cut you in. But you gotta
tell us a good poison.”

Murphy devoted some thought to the

. matter, He didn’t wince at the thought of

murdering a man. “You know what would
do it?” he finally said.

“No, what?” chimed in Pasqua.

“Some antifreeze from an automobile.”

“You sure?” asked Marino.

Murphy said antifreeze couldn’t miss.
It was practically 100 per cent wood
alcohol—one of the deadliest poisons
known to man or beast. “O.K.,” said
Marino, “but will he catch on?”

Murphy shook his head. “Not a chance,”
he said. “Old Malloy is always so drunk
along about midnight he never knows
what he’s throwin’ down the hatch. I'll
just switch and give him a big shot of wood
alcohol and he’ll never know the difference
and he’ll be dead before you know it.”

The sleet was pelting the Bronx the
night the plotters went to work. Mike
Malloy wandered in, his throat hot and
dry, and bellied up to the bar. He was
looking around for: somebody to tell a
story to—one of the society patrons who
usually relished his stories most—when
Red the bartender shoved a shot in front
of him, “Merry Christmas, Malloy,” said
Red. Christmas was approaching and
Malloy just blinked as he downed the

shot. “Another one, Malloy?” asked Mur-
phy. Malloy, happily bewildered at such
good treatment, just nodded.

Now Red glanced toward the back room.
He could barely see Pasqua and Marino
sitting there in the shadows. But he saw
Tony nodding.

Murphy slipped Malloy a drink of anti-
freeze. Red stood there open-mouthed,
watching Malloy smacking his lips, and
Marino and Pasqua leaned forward in
their chairs, waiting for the Irishman to
keel over.

But a minute passed. And two minutes.
Malloy was still standing up. Murphy was
still standing there staring at Malloy and
Marino and Pasqua were looking at each
other.

Malloy was still on his feet five minutes
after drinking the antifreeze. Murphy, on
a signal from Marino, gave Malloy another
shot—this time not in a whisky glass but
in a tumbler.

Mallow downed the big drink in one
gulp. “This time,” Marino was saying to
Pasqua, “he’s got to drop.”

But Michael Malloy, durable man, did
no such thing. It took five shots of anti-
freeze to send Malloy crashing ‘to the floor.
Red the bartender carried Malloy be-
hind the beaded curtain and laid him on
the floor. Marino and Pasqua sat there
waiting for the Irishman to die. Every once
in a while Pasqua, who by virtue of his
profession was something of an authority
on the workings of the human , would
lean down and listen to Malloy’s heart. It
was barely beating. “It won’t be long now,”

the undertaker assured Marino. At closing
time, the lights were switched off in the
bar, and Pasqua, Marino and Murphy sat
in the dark at the little table and devoted

themselves |
they waited
Occasional
feel Malloy’s
light began +
glass front -
undertaker,
Malloy’s hea:
heartbeat’s g¢
Marino and !

ago.
Marino tu:
said that anti
“T can’t unc
simply can’t 1
they told us v
“T feel like }
in,” said Mar
Just then Mic
They were b
“Hello, gents
sure got a thi
before I start
“Sure,” sai
Murphy, th
ing the day. F
up with an e
Malloy was ;
Trishman had.
surned so muc
containing a ;
that he had d
lethal stuff.
Murphy su;
qua that he
them rot, ther
“He'll get ptc
plained, “and
and Pasqua tl
Murphy op
put them on :
joint, not far |
Tony Marino
days the sard
even Tony |}
worry, Tony,’
sandwich for
“Hey,” said
A great idea.”
“What?”
“Why don’t
up and put so
wich. The tin’]
we'll be sure
“A great id:
simply great ic
So Murphy
Bronx machin
fine slivers of
speak, he ma
—a_ sardine-a
Malloy, wl
warned to kee
end of the b:
paying clients
with emotion
the sandwich.
“Red, me |
speech was th:
foine, generou
Pasqua, in the
gentleman fro:
ing the ptom:
washing it dov
“You ever
Marino inquir:
An hour aft:
wich, Malloy
great. He had
was buying dr
jokes. “What’s
Marino, still th:
asked his co-c:
“Search me
funniest thing
_An hour or
sitting there ir
to feel pretty s«
desperation w:

ie Flight
sociation,
n strike
ne of the
yn, in the
_ offered
ion of the
losive on

- 13 of the
aken out
the coin-

, : large air

se policies
ne under

esons had
were com-
vacation—
and Sally
.o marry a
a to board
2650 West
+, who was
laska. Mrs.
charge on
iken out a

red at the
ecident As-
omething of
were blank;
function of
e amount o
ud not have
One policy,
ad out an
aham as the
slicy had cost

| imme-
ng with
ters. He
by her first
same address
r, widowed a
. buy. He was
yung children.
student at the
yorked nights
nd during the
erate a drive-
er.
oken up about
oars and rela-
talk about it,
weeping when
me extremely
man’s reaction

1.
m,” she told a
close to his
> a premonition
ntly sick at his
en she left.”
also told that
itire day before
shopping for a
Christmas. Mrs.
is a hobby, and
ie jewelry-mak-~
-, He had wanted
y gift, so he had
age without her
cibed as broken-
iot given it to his
iave known she

rried talk among
xe, the subject of
of the men who
mpathetic toward
srrified suspicion
hoever heard of a
on that made him
anded. “And what
in that suitcase of
“amas gift?”

as to the FBI.

i

From other sources, further information
was gathered on Graham. He had been
convicted of a bogus check charge on
December 23, 1951, and had been placed
on probation while he made restitution

for the $4,305.34 he had netted. His mother '

had paid back $2,500 of this, and Graham
had been paying $40 a month ever since.
He was due to be discharged from proba-
tion as soon as the last $105.34 was paid.
Graham had appeared at the probation
office two days after his mother died in
the plane explosion to make his regular
monthly payment.

Graham had also served a 60-day sen-
tence for bootlegging in Texas, and after
being AWOL for 63 days, he had been dis-
charged from the Coast Guard because it
was discovered he was a minor.

There was another strange official

record on Graham. On September 5, 1955, °

he had reported an explosion in the drive-
in restaurant he operated with his mother.
Fire marshals discovered a gas line had
been disconnnected. Escaping gas had
been ignited in the early morning hours
by the pilot light on a water heater.
Damage was $400, and consisted mostly
of broken windows.

Graham told officers who investigated
the explosion that $3 was missing from the
cash register. “I suppose the thief was mad
at ——s so little and disconnected the
gas line for revenge,” Graham suggested.

Officers did not think much of this
theory, but there was no evidence to prove
otherwise.

People who knew Graham well thought
of him as a strange sort of person, moody
and hard to talk to. He had frequently
quarreled with his mother about operation
of the drive-in, and sometimes used foul
language to his mother, leaving her cry-
ing. And the young man had worked on
construction jobs in Alaska, where he had
learned to handle dynamite!

By Sunday, November 13, the FBI had
completed their meticulous preliminary
investigation of Graham, and they asked
that he and his wife, Gloria, come into
their offices to identify some clothing be-
lieved to have been Mrs. King’s. With
quiet persistence, Special Agents ques-
tioned the pair about their past and their
relations with Graham’s mother, After a
couple of hours, it became obvious that
the young wife had nothing to hide, and
she was released to go home. Graham was
retained to clear up a few more items.

Shortly after Mrs. Graham got home,
two FBI Agents appeared at her home
with a search warrant. They made a thor-
ough search of the house. Specifically,
they asked the young matron if she had
ever seen any dynamite around. She told
them she wouldn’t even know what it
looked like.

Downtown in the FBI offices, the ques-
tioning of Graham continued. He was
asked to fill in every minute of his day
before he put his mother on Flight 629.
The youth recounted that his wife, his
mother and his 20-month-old son had left
at 5:15 to take Mrs. King’s car to the
Denver Motor Hotel for storage. Graham
said he was to meet them there with his
mother’s luggage.

Graham insisted that he had not opened
his mother’s suitcases, but claimed that
since one was breaking at the hinges, he
had driven by a surplus store and had
bought two web straps to bind it. Then he
had gone directly to the motor hotel, had
picked up the family and driven them to
the airport.

The interrogators insisted on knowing
why he had told relatives thate he had
opened a suitcase to place a Christmas
present in it for his mother. Graham be~-
came confused on this point and involved

himself in a number of contradictory
statements,

The man insisted that the flight insur-
ance had been his mother’s own idea. He
said that after Mrs. King’s departure, he,
his wife and son ate at the airport café.
It was about an hour after the plane left
before they finished the meal. As they
were leaving the terminal, Graham said
he overheard a cashier say a plane was
down, but it was not until he got home
and turned on the radio that he learned
it was the flight on which his mother had
left—and that all passengers were dead.

Persistent questioning opened more
holes in Graham’s story. There was time
not accounted for. In trying to plug the
loopholes, the man involved himself in
further lies. Several times he asked for
water, and he was taken out to dinner.
But the questioning went on.

Finally, after midnight, Graham
cracked, In a dead, calm voice, as if he had
done nothing serious at all, the youth gave
a detailed story of his plot to destroy his
mother for an inheritance and for $37,500
in insurance.

Graham claimed that he collected the
various parts of his bomb more than a
week before his mother’s departure, on
the 18th and 19th of October. He had
bought 25 sticks of 40% dynamite, a timing
device, a 6-volt dry cell battery and two
dynamite caps, each connected to about

eight feet of wire. He had placed this,
equipment in a box under a blanket in'

his car.

The box remained there until 5:15 p.m.
on November 1, when his mother, wife and
son left to store Mrs. King’s car. As soon
as the family left, Graham, with expert
haste, got out the dynamite and other
equipment and fashioned a bomb. He told
exactly how he had done it.

One wire from each cap he connected
through the timer and attached to one
pole of the battery. The other wire of each
cap he connected to the other pole of the
battery. He placed the sticks of dynamite
in a paper bag around the two caps, and
cinched them together by wrapping twine
around the bag, leaving the wires sticking
out of one end. :

The two caps were necessary, Graham
explained, so that in case one failed, the
other would set off the dynamite. This
person intent on killing his mother then
took her large suitcase out and opened it.
He removed enough clothing to place the
bomb inside, setting the timing device for
90 minutes—the maximum it allowed. He
closed the suitcase and proceeded to buy
the straps and pick up his unsuspecting
family. .

Flight 629 was 35 minutes late in de-
parting, and as time passed, Graham be-
gan to sweat and become sick at his
stomach. He alone knew that the time for
a terrific explosion was drawing near as
he waited about 30 feet away while his
mother checked her baggage through for
the trip. After the bags were checked,
Graham and his wife went to the gate on
the flight line with his mother and kissed
hér good-by.

‘Graham said he watched the plane taxi
down the runway and take off, then he
took his wife and son into the airport
coffee shop for dinner—waiting until he
heard that his bomb had worked, that it
had killed his own mother and 43 other
innocent persons.

President William Patterson of United
Airlines pointed out a horrifying after-

thought: If Flight 629 had departed on

time, it would have blown up over the
rugged, unpopulated country of southern
Wyoming near where a sister ship had
crashed three weeks earlier. Probably no
one would have witnessed the explosion,

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PROVE PAGE

DETECTIVE

Contents

JANUARY.

1944

“COVER PHOTOGRAPH BY PAGANO

TRIPLE HORROR AT DRIPPING SPRINGS........ 6

Colorado officers read a frightful story in the embers
THE SKELETON OF ST. HUBERT......

A Canadian wizard solved a 27-year-old crime
WASHINGTON HOMICIDE..........

Passersby were shocked as a body rolled out
A MONSTER'S SERENAPE......... se

Unseen hands played a macabre requiem for murder

INTO THE DEPTHS!.................

Five perished in a Virginia quarry

CURSE OF CAIN ON BEEKMAN HILL. -

Photo story of the Cafe Society heiress’ slaying
MURDERING GHOST IN THE WIDOW'S MANSION 26

Her will provided an important clue

TRAILING CHICAGO'S POISON GAS SLAYERS... 30

The ruthless terrorists were trapped by a picture

faueemaenies 10

WATER BETTE FOU io oe 5 ere i des tee 35
ee, 15 Do you know these fugitives?

LOADED WITH STRYCHNINE.................... 36
Be jaca iiss 16 The Arkansas slayer almost got away with it

DETECTIVE NEWS IN TABLOID..... ere ere ey 40
mt emciee uk. 20 A camera tour through headquarters

THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY ASKS................. 42

24 What do you know about the law?
COVER GIRL CONTEST WINNERS............... 44

Lucky men in the armed forces

ANSWERS TO THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY ASKS.... 65

FRONT PAGE DETECTIVE, Volume 7, No. 9,

Ti, Printed in the U. B A Coseet P1943 in Canada pce price
; ° . S&S. A.. le co
28 at Dunellen, N. J+ under the Act of March 3, 1879. The publisher

W459 "Medison cago

New York 16, N. ¥. Chi advertisin:

te rus pond ‘aula: Subscription in the United States $1.00 a year. Entered as second-class
y no

matter July 28, 1942, at the Post
unsolicited material. All manuscripts should be

env Pp

1944, Copyright, 1943, by W. Peterson. Published monthly 149 Madison. Ave., New York 16, ';

office, 360 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago 1,

ility for the return of |.

ee. bo

DETECTIVE

——

eee

a Japanese, and in a few hours he

was to be asphyxiated in Colorado’s
gas chamber for the murder of his wife.
He had said his final prayers to the
pagan gods of his ancestors and he sat
chatting calmly with the death house
guards.

He asked for news of the war. A
guard: quickly brought the doomed
Japanese up to date on the. German
reverses in- Italy and Russia.

“And in the South Pacific?” Honda
queried. He heard of Jap defeats there,
too..

“Good,” said the condemned killer.
“The war lords of Japan must be de-
feated. What they have done is as
wrong as what I did, and they must
embrace the bitter lotus of death like

GPa seve MASAYOSHI HONDA was

myself.”
e * * *

Little Jess Bingham was only 10 years
old, and he faced an ordeal that has
broken the courage of many adults in
tense courtroom dramas.

The boy’s father, Alfred Bingham, a
39-year-old house painter, was on trial
in Tulsa, Okla., for the butcher knife
murder of his estranged wife. The
prosecution called the lad to the stand
to testify as an eyewitness against his

4 parent.

Short shorts

Jess arose, strode quickly to his dad’s
side, embraced him and wept. The
father smiled, patted the child and
waved him to the witness chair. There
in a clear, unhalting voice the boy
described how his dad had stabbed his
mother in the throat. His testimony

WHERE~HOW~WHEN?

More and more servicemen are com-
ing home on furloughs. DON'T LET
THEM TALK! Despite good inten-
tions, too .many forget that loose
words over here may mean lost lives
over there. J. Edgar Hoover says
certain words—key words—will help
home folks to realize when the talk’
is getting dangerous. They are:
WHERE are our soldiers, ships, planes,
fortifications, arsenals? HOW are our
men equipped, armed? How do their
weapons perform? WHEN are troops
going overseas? When will a ship be
launched? HOW MANY men, planes,
ships, guns? WHAT is his ship's
name, his job or duty? The enemy

wants to know. DON'T TELL HIM!

over, the jury returned a verdict of
guilty of murder in the first degree
against Bingham.

* * * *

H. O. Chenoweth, a life termer in the
Missouri state prison at Jefferson City,
is 83. He had an opportunity to petition
the parole board for his release, but
rejected it in a letter.

’ * “Who could be so stupid as to want

to give an 83-year-old man a parole?”
he queried. Chenoweth did hedge a
little on his protest against freedom.
He asked for “just a little outside priv-

ilege, so I can go over to the river and

fish.”

: * * * *

A once thriving industry which
yearly plucked millions from the pock-
ets of Americans has become a war
casualty and no one is sorry, least of
all Detective Edward Mulcahy in Chi-
cago.

Detective Mulcahy has been on the
Windy City’s “bum detail” for nine
years. In patroling an area near the
Loop where the bums gathered to pan-
handle dimes, Mulcahy used to arrest
an average of 15 men a night. Nowa-
days he doesn’t make one arrest a
month.

“The bums’ are no more,” he says.
“They’ve taken war jobs and moved to
parts unknown.”

In these days of high-paid defense
jobs New York’s old Bowery, formerly
a skidrow of the first order, is almost
deserted by the bums.


IVES, Edward, white, hanged Colorado SP (Benver County) 1-1@-1930.

“~—a oa

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Sts; * StS 42 = 4

a
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re

: do stowe: contractors
p launched: a. campeign. to

the stone contractors| '3: 3
Se Denver Post will con-;
§ te ehampion this cause in’
¥ possible: way.
jm ebeled of material for the new | .
ene building “ties: between Indl-
Hemgetons, and. Colorade marble, |


~ Women Has age

f.

Jefe to. live dwindlen sump, his aged | ©
Pland il mother,. Mra Alicé Ives,|
-} whispers: from & sich-hed. prayert
that she hopes will save the diminu-| -
tive slayer at the elevegth hour, =f

ings ‘life term: im the ‘Colorado pent-|
: tertiary for oebery: insists 1 in be

Hilt was: nervous "wueey. * Father
Barrett and. others who had inter- |
ented themselves in Ives” behalf. had
‘hoped: HU ‘would: speak: up: and. ad- cuss. Eddie's almost. certain fate. B =
mit It wee he, not Tren who hilea| "0 all now that Pray Ives ob =
the Denver patrol but thus far hangman's nocee. | °
=) \ they have hoped: tare ; : Se aes

ee’ ~—s Ves spent: his: time Friday Pe inig

> and writing letters. At.noon, Father

. Barrett was: adniitted to the death-

house and went to Ives’ cell to re-

main with the condemned patter un-
HD the end. oe

"CONDEMNED. MAN

. EATS HEARTY LUNCH. Ives is sold. to: have faith: tx’ bis!
Ives ate a hearty. lunch Friday and | mother’s prayers: He remembers her
acemed. pleased to have the compan- sitting with the big famatly Bible on
iraship of the chaplain. her knee when he w s @ little doy
~ bandits—Ralph Fleagie, Howard L.} ang showing him the Eksstrations of

Rovston and George J. Abshier—jtne flood ‘and the Garden of Eden|

who occupy the other death cells in! sng other wonderful thimgs. He ‘here- | -
the execution house with Ives, did} rore reasons, with his brain aseert-
“i. Riot try to press conversation upon | say no more developed than that of

- him Friday.. They have become at- 4 r-old,. Gea. thelz
te phedites how At waatesit andteli co ee ce a oe

gonsideration for him did not intrude | -
upon him, Only when he evinced a

Gegire to talk did- they speak to him. Ue
Thursday night, Ives ‘told the La-
mar killers, “I'm: not afraid to die.

hing to me

oe wil io cer holy comonmicd b ‘On OME HM :
pens he is called to make the -

. Depn: ‘completed... ‘Manager. of Safety
R ben: W. Hershey. ex-officio sheriff

the official representative of this}.
ty at her : is

idl determined Warden ¢ Crawford, to


.jThe exact house! tins Nesgginig whl
he Dadinetctbeee by Warden Crawford,
it will. not be divniged by him ia
ances?! Ivee wilk be deed before
boey outside _ the deathhouss
he execution has talent place.|
vTnat the execution wilt be some
time Friday night: was: indicated by
the fact that the warden directed. the
ebaplain to remeies oe the Peto at
Friday night. :
Li“Ives: may: ‘not: ‘ nechosanity: hang}
ie Friday night but! he most certainly
- will before - midnight
Warden Crawford said Friday. | “He
‘has: made no confession of guilt and
_ Ido not expect him to make one: I
“mever have been convinced that the
testimony in his case warranted the
death penalty and EF am of that same
opinion now. At this hcur. however,
- Y have no hépe. that Governor Adams
will extend clemency.”
oa ‘The. warden, who > is opposed | tot
. egpital punishment, was visibly per-
_tarbed over the prospect of hanging
\Ives.. But. he must carry out the
sentence of the court. in conformity
with the law. -

Ww EXECUTED FOR
MURDER OF CONVICT

PRIME NEVER Pars a af
Folsom | Prison. Calif, Jan. 10—

4 “With the execution of Walter: E.j-

S “Burke and. James Gregg here Friday
- the state had claimed: the lives of
* four of six; men “sentenced to death
for the ‘murder. of Convict George
Baker, one. of the eleven persons
k}tled during. the Folsom prison’ out-
Dreak: on Thanksgiving day, 1927.
Burke was dropped thru the gallows
floor at 9:06 a.m. ind was ro

=|

Superintendent of Insane Al: :

Ys

one Reveals His Aiea 6

Conclusions:

—_—_—_

“Additional proof ef; the ee ac}

Eddie Ives, diminutive killer who ‘fe al

to be hanged im Camon City
week for the rot

Harry R- Ohle, came to. light Friday.} —
Dr. F. H. .Zimmerman, supertn-|:
tendent of the state hospital for ig|
insane at Pueblo, revealed that hej.
examined. Ives. ‘several: months age]
‘ethic: exumsiciation wagl ined: at thet

request of Warden Francie FE. Craw-| '-
ford of the prison and included an| -

analysis of fluid. taken: fram Ives?
spine, the doctor sald. :

=
At that time Ives, was ene Z

sanity in the prison. -

“Horses. Horses. - " Horses.” he said
over and over again. He apparently
officials

failed to recognize prison.

and even his: attorney: who called at - :

the prisom to see him...

T said at the time that it appeared

‘to me that Ives was. malingering.”

Dr. Zimmerman said, “but to make|

sure I recommended that he be sent
to Denver for a more thoro test.” ©

Dr: Zimmerman’s suggestion was
followed out and. Denver physicians
who examined Ives here agreed with

the hospital superintendent that the)

condemned man, nies retarded men-

telly see cs
fin ¢

nounced dead at 9:1T a mi Grege|
wan dropped at 9:31 5m. and wes|_
declared dead at 9:43 a; m. ‘ -

The first pair to. be executed were
Anthony Brown, San Francisco. ban-| |

dit, and Roy E. Stokes, Los Angeles! fue

forger, who were hanged a week ago.
Eugene Crosby, alias James Glea-
son, Oakland . burglar, wit: be cxe-
cuted next Friday.
Albert Stewart, the sixth man con-

victed,. has his case on. appeal before

thes state sree cout

‘| lewty “moon” to the most expe

“imported . Seotch” and “rye.”
Kegs, bottles, little fuga, big

| more kegs and bottles, some e

: [and some filled ready for the

(Coutinaea From ne One) -

the investigation. staff raided the
apartment. They found no. ‘one home
but discovered one of the most: elab-

oe | sumer, were seized by the raides

Indications are that the most
pensive stuff’ was strained
| “aged” quickly. on order. as

‘) “aging” needls were omni amon
equipment. pees

‘stuf

Straining of the “

dene thru.an old fett hat ingert

James Burke and other members of |" *8° funnel.

Altho the district attorney te
tive az to the ownership of the
fit, no arrests have been mad

| ‘charges filed, pending further i
"| tigation of the place and an

ee apartment in the wicintty. a

) made bed, while in:

“rum vaults” were

‘contained Dpaerts


SE AR AT

IEEE TRO AE TE EES LTT I ATT

Vigilante!

position when drunk, walked into a saloon in Denver, liquored
up, and then took two shots at another “low” character, named
“Big Phil.” Both rounds missed, and “Big Phil” ran out of the
place. That seems to have angered Gordon, who swallowed a few
more drinks, picked up two companions, named Fitzpatrick and
Rookerbone, and went to the Louisiana Saloon. They drank some
more there and at one point smashed their glasses against the
front door.

A stranger in town, John Gantz, who was a German from
Leavenworth, Kansas, watched as the three carried on. Gantz
apparently was popular in Leavenworth, seems to have been
offending no one in the saloon, and was only watching the action,
when Gordon decided that he didn’t like him. Without provo-
cation, Gordon hit Gantz and knocked him down, so the German

‘scrambled to his feet and also ran away. But James A. Gordon

was by then in a drunken rage. He chased Gantz onto the street,
dragged him back into the drinking dive, and again knocked him
down. He then sat on Gantz’s chest, held him by his hair, and
squeezed the trigger of his pistol, with the muzzle a few inches
from the terrified man’s face. He squeezed the trigger four times,
but the thing wouldn’t go off, so Gordon became angrier. It did
go off the fifth time, though, blowing the German’s brains all over
the floor. James A. Gordon sobered very quickly and got out of
Denver with a small group of Vigilantes close behind.

The Denver Vigilantes had started as miners’ courts in 1859,
when the town had only three homicides and one duel. The
following year, however, bloodshed ran rampant, as did armed
robbery and crooked gambling. In his History of Denver, pub-
lished in 1901, Jerome C. Smiley struck a note close to the hearts
of many present-day Americans when he noted that “the desper-
adoes, influenced by their gregarious instincts, took more natu-
rally to the town where there was at the time less unity of
purpose among the people and more individual absorption in
personal affairs.”° In other words, criminals found it easier in
those days to operate in a larger, more impersonal, and busier
environment than they did in rural areas, where residents were
more keenly aware of what was going on. That fact of life was
well known to the residents of Denver and other cities a hundred
years later. And, besides violent criminals, Denver in 1860 was
overrun by claim jumpers and, as Smiley put it, by “a horde of
thieves whose operations ranged all the way from robbing

232

4
en es

——.

The Compleat Vigilante

clotheslines to stealing a saw-mill.”* The real absence of law
enforcement, due mostly to the region’s ambiguous political
status in 1860 (it was to become a territory the following year),
had given rise to the typical miners’ courts and, when crime
started going completely out of control, to the almost inevitable
vigilance committees.

At any rate, James Gordon fled eastward, narrowly escaped
capture at Fort Lupton, and kept going. Ten miles outside the
fort, his pursuers shot his horse out from under him, but he
continued on foot and finally made his way into Indian Territory.
Meanwhile, back in Denver, money was raised for use in chasing
and capturing Gordon, no matter where he went, and one W. H.
Middaugh volunteered to take up the pursuit. What happened
next is important.

Middaugh went to Leavenworth (Denver was just inside the
Kansas Territory in 1860), had himself appointed a deputy
United States marshal, picked up a court warrant for Gordon’s
arrest, got a Leavenworth deputy named Armstrong, and began
tracking the killer. They caught up with him on the prairie near
Humbolt, in the Kansas Territory, and, undoubtedly gratified by
their accomplishment, brought him into Leavenworth. And there
the United States court set James A. Gordon free on a writ of
habeas corpus based on technicalities. :

When the large German community in Leavenworth heard
about Gordon’s having killed Gantz and then been freed by the
court, it formed a mob, grabbed Gordon, and managed to get a
rope around his neck three times while kicking and punching
him and tearing off every stitch of his clothing. Each time the
noose was forced over Gordon’s head, Middaugh and some mili-
tary officers managed to get it off again, while Gordon begged
them either to surrender him to the mob or to kill him immedi-
ately. He was finally rescued from the enraged Germans and
ended up being put in a military prison by a detachment of
soldiers sent out to rescue him, Middaugh, and the officers. After
being told by the authorities in Leavenworth that they would not
give up Gordon without the correct papers, Middaugh hopped a
coach for Denver, gathered affidavits, other evidence, and some
witnesses to the Gantz murder, and returned to Leavenworth.
After still more delays, the prisoner was finally handed over and
was taken back to Denver in chains.

James A. Gordon went on public trial in a grove of cotton-

233

hs stn pasate bb. eae ati serials tee

coer)

Vigilante!

woods below Wazee Street on Saturday, September 29, and was
found guilty the following Tuesday. The trial was presided over
by a chief judge and two associate judges, and three men each
were appointed counsels for the people and for the defendant.
After a jury (whose number and composition haven't survived )
voted Gordon guilty, the three judges announced the verdict to a
large crowd in front of Nelson Sargent’s Tremont House, in
nearby Auraria. The crowd was asked to pass on the jury's ver-
dict and, almost unanimously, it seconded the decision. Judge
A. C. Hunt then sentenced Gordon, who was present, to be
hanged the following Sunday. And he was.”

It must be noted that W. H. Middaugh conscientiously had
himself appointed a deputy and picked up a warrant before
going after Gordon. Furthermore, rather than spiriting his pris-
oner back to Denver for a popular trial, he took him back to
Leavenworth and turned him over to a United States court (the
warrant undoubtedly stipulated as much, but Middaugh’s com-
pliance showed that he was trying to do the correct thing). He
was rewarded by seeing the court free Gordon—an act that
would have done nothing to calm the already disgusted citizens
of Denver. Middaugh nonetheless rescued his former prisoner
from a lynch mob that wanted to do the Vigilantes’ work for
them, probably risking his own life in doing so. Finally, Gordon
was publicly tried by men who made no secret of their identities,
and the jury decision was put to a vote by the citizenry at large.
In retrospect, it’s hard to see how the Denver Vigilantes could
have been fairer, given the dire circumstances and the bitter
frustration that went with the use of the regular court system.

“We never hanged on circumstantial evidence,” said W. N.
Byers, looking back on vigilantism in Denver in 1860, and specifi-
cally on the execution of another outlaw. “I have known a great
many other such executions, but I don't believe one of them was
ever unjust. But when they were proved guilty, they were always
hanged. There was no getting out of it. No, there were no ap-
peals in those days; no writs of errors; no attorney’s fees; no
pardon in six months. Punishment was swift, sure and certain.
Murderers almost always confessed their crimes.”*

The James A. Gordon episode and scores like it, then, made
excellent grist for the fiction writers who were shortly to fire the
imaginations of millions of Americans with the exploits of vigi-
lantes—with tales that Americans wanted to hear about them-

234

as
we x: 3
cs
See.
os
=.
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see
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=
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¢
“4

The Compleat Vigilante

selves. Here’s another episode, also typical of scores more, that
they didn’t want to hear about: the Pierce City Chinese
lynchings.

Pierce City, Idaho (now called simply Pierce), sits high in the
Bitterroot range, in the Orofino district, between Lewiston and,
much farther to the east, Bannack, Virginia City, and the Mis-
souri River and Musselshell sections of Montana. In other words,
Pierce City, in 1885, was in the heart of the northern vigilante
belt. Between 1862 and 1864 the Lewiston Vigilantes had exe-
cuted thirty-one men. During about the same period the Bannack
and Virginia City organization, as we have seen, had accounted
for thirty others, and sporadic outbreaks by smaller groups had
continued throughout the 1870s, bringing the grand total to more
than a hundred, according to some estimates. “Rangers” in the
Sun River region, close to the Canadian border, had operated
between 1870 and 1884, and the year they wound down the
deadliest of all American vigilance committees—the one led by
Granville Stuart—had accounted for thirty-five alleged horse and
cattle thieves in the north-central part of the region. Whereas the
group that hanged Henry Plummer and his gang had generally
been praised by the commentators of the time, Stuart’s vigilantes
had taken some severe criticism, because they had operated out-
side a far better law-enforcement system.

By 1885, then, the men of Pierce City, in the Idaho Territory, °
were very well versed in the theory and practice of vigilantism.
They also had an abiding hatred for the Chinese—a hatred that,
throughout the decades following the Civil. War, was shared by
many white westerners, particularly in Idaho, Colorado, and Cali-
fornia (fifteen Chinese had been hanged in Los Angeles in 1871,
for example, following the murder of a white man ).®

The trouble in Pierce City started on the morning of Septem-
ber 10, 1885,*when D. M. Fraser, one of the two leading mer-
chants in town, was discovered to have been murdered. Not only
had the popular and well-established shopkeeper been. murdered,
the residents of Pierce City saw, but he had also been “terribly
chopped to pieces in his own store,” with a bloody hatchet and
knife that were found lying on his spattered floor. There were
even grisly bloody footprints near the body.’°

Since the other leading merchant in Pierce City happened to be
one Lee Kee Nam, it was on him that suspicion immediately fell.
It figured, after all. First, there was the mercantile rivalry.

235

wo

a de eit 7

i aa

The Elephant Corral was one of James Gordon’s hangouts. This view

looking down Blake Street was taken around 1864 or 1865, just a few

years after Gordon shot Jacob Gantz to death on the street.
Historical Society

Colorado

16 / Colorado Gunsmoke

James Gordon
Brought to Justice

ames AL Gordon was a pleasant, likable young man when

sober but a murderous rullian when drank. Gordon became

a landmark in the history of Denver. When he was alive, he was
nothing more than a drop inan ocean of disorder sweeping into
the Rockies. But hanging from a scaffold on the bank of Cherry
Creek, he became BIEN SiBNpOSt tO serve notiee that law and
Order was « omnes to the Ameri an West.

The stampede to the Rocky Mountains in 1859 was pre Ipt-
lated by gold. News of the discovery of gold swept across the
country and drew) countless adventurers, Thousands of gold
seekers risked death to travel across the Great American Desert.
They came to Denver in Wagons, carts, and broughams; on
horseback; and on foot. One man even arrived pushing a
wheelbarrow.

The trail from the Missouri River was marked by broken
wagons and the bleached skeletons of horses and oxen. Mixed in
were the lonely Staves of emigrants. Goods, such as plows,
Picks, cookstoves, beds, and pots and Pans, littered the dusty
trails. These were the items dropped by weary pioneers to
lighten their loads.

When young Jim Gordon and his father reached Cherry
Creek, all they saw was a village of shacks and tents. Not a
single glass window could be found in Denver or its neighbor,
Auraria. The cabins all had dirt floors and sod roofs. The streets
were deep in dust, pulverized by the weight of wagons, oxen,
and horses. A suanger might ask an “old timer” (who had
arrived the week before) if the wind blew that way all the time.
He might get a dry reply, something like, “No, sometimes it
blows the other Way.”

Denver and Auraria were part of Kansas Territory, and the
nearest official law was five hundred blistering miles east across

ier Se Reais

> aso
:3


True stories of outlaws and lawmen
on the Colorado frontier

PRUETT PUBLISHING COMPANY

Boulder, Colorado


Forty-three others were innocently murdered in order that she would die.
Official points where time bomb wrecked plane, reconstructed as evidence.

46 ; Ci

policies taken out on the lives of ing
the four Denver passengers. — * io
Of especial interest to officials
was the curious fact that a group of
policies taken out on the life Obes
Mrs. King had not been signed by Ye
the insured. Mrs. King’s 23-year=" oe
old son, John Gilbert Graham, had
been named as beneficiary of these —
policies—totaling $37,500. It was
also learned that Graham was in
line for a one-quarter interest in” =
his mother’s $150,000 estate. —
The youthful suspect, married
and the father of two children, had —
once served 5 days in jail on a =
bootleg liquor charge, and had re-
ceived a suspended sentence for.
forgery. a
According to the F.B.L., Graw
ham’s wife reported that her hus- _
band mentioned putting a “Christ-— ¥
mas package” in his mother’s suit-_ 2
cases before he took the luggage to _-
the airport to see her off for her
visit to a daughter in Alaska.
(Earlier this year, Mrs. King had _
built a drive-in restaurant in West—
Denver and made her son the man- _
ager. Also, she had made a down ~
payment on a ranch-type bunga-
low for John and his family). os
It-was learned that Graham had —
worked for logging and construc- —~ a
tion firms and had learned how to
handle explosives.
Agents—there were more than’ =
200 on the investigation—were now —
ready to move in and nail the man —
they believed to be guilty. ee
On November 14th, F.B.I. agents ”

: a

mitted placing a bomb containingm ‘
dynamite sticks and a timing de- ~
vice in his mother’s luggage.

But almost as swiftly, Graham
recanted his confession, claiming _
that the F.B.I. had pressured him ~
to sign the papers. 5

Meanwhile the office manager of —
an electrical firm in Denver identi- —
fied Graham as the man who had >
purchased a $5.95 timing device ~
from his firm the month before. ~~

Four sections of the airliner, re-
built,and re-assembled by experts,
were turned over to District At-
torney Bert Keating. These pieces
were used as evidence at Graham’s
murder trail.

The young man was charged
with sabotage and with first-de-
gree murder in the death of his
mother. He was speedily convicted,
and executed in the Colorado State ~~
Penitentiary, at Canon City. This —
final, gruesome event ended the ~
most horrifying crime in the his-
tory of aviation. THE END

&


airs

4

44 TIMES A MURDERER

(TD February, 1956)

It was November 1st, 1955. John
Gilbert Graham, 23, sat in the coffee
shop at the Stapleton Municipal Air-
port in Denver. He had just seen his
mother, Mrs. Daisy King, 55, off on
a United Airlines DC-6B Mainliner. Be-
fore she left he had taken out $37,500
insurance on her life at an_ airport
vending machine. Mrs. King, who had
inherited an estate worth $150,000 from
her second husband, Earl King, was
on her way to visit a daughter in
Alaska.

Three minutes later word came that
the huge airliner had exploded in mid-
air about 35 miles from Denver. Besides
Mrs. King, 43 other passengers and crew
members died.

Investigation showed that there had
been no engine trouble, no technical
failure, no pilot error. Sabotage was
the only answer. Government and pri-
vate experts at once began intensive
scientific examination to detect the
means employed and the mass mur-
derer responsible. This search became
one of the outstanding feats of detec-
tion in criminal annals.

John Gilbert Graham was arrested on
November 14th, two weeks after the ex-
plosion. He admitted placing a home-
made dynamite time-bomb in _ his
mother’s suitcase. At his trial, which
began April 16th, 1955, the jury of
seven men and five women heard 10
days of testimony by the prosecution
and less than three hours of testimony
by the defense, on the first-degree mur-
der charge against Graham. Although
indicted for each of the 44 deaths, he
was tried specifically on the charge of
murdering his mother.

On May 4th, after deliberating one
hour and 24 minutes, the jury returned
a guilty verdict and fixed his penalty
at death in the gas chamber.

In his jail cell Graham signed an
affidavit saying, “I accept the verdict
of the jury and desire that it be carried
out with all convenient speed. This is
my wish.” And on May 15th Judge
Joseph M. McDonald sentenced Graham
to die during the week of August 26th,
1956.

In Washington, D. C., on May ‘7th,
the House passed and sent to the
Senate a bill to impose the death
penalty or life imprisonment for
the sabotage of planes or motor
carriers resulting in death. This legis-
lation would make sabotage a federal
crime.

Donna Mae Schurr

CRAZED KIDNAPER OF THE
BEAUTY QUEEN

(TD April, 1956)

Beautiful Donna Mae Schurr had won
many beauty prizes and was hoping for
a movie or TV contract. On the night
of March 26th, 1955, as she left a drive-
in theatre where she tended the snack
bar and went to get into her car, a man,
holding a knife on her, forced her to
drive to a secluded place, where he as-
saulted her. He warned her that he
would cut her face if she cried out or
attempted to escape.

Search for her assailant proved un-
availing. On January 10th, 1956, the
same man forced his way into her home
in Santa Ana, California, when she was
alone there. Again threatening her
with the knife, he carried her off in his
car, assaulted her again, then drove her
home. But as he put the girl out of his
car her: fiance drove up. He pursued
the fleeing car, crowded it off the road
and with a pistol held the youth captive
until police arrived.

Identified as Jack James Walker, 25,
he was held on 2 counts each of forcible
rape and kidnaping and 1 count first-
degree burglary.

On May 10th a superior court jury,
after 8 hours’ deliberation, found him
guilty on all five counts. He is held in
bail of $10,000. The penalty for either
kidnaping or rape is 1 to 50 years in
prison on each count.

Report of latest legal developments
on cases published by TD

BURIED UNDER 5 TONS OF GRAVEL
(TD

December, 1955)

On August 31st, 1955, Mrs. Mildred
Bonomi, 31, vanished from her home
in Scituate, Massachusetts. Mildred had
separated from her husband, Dominic
Bonomi, 34, a wealthy contractor, and
was seeking a divorce on the grounds of
“cruel and abusive treatment.”

Five days later bloodhounds led offi-
cers to a culvert near a construction
project on which Dominic Bonomi was
working. He had recently dumped 5
tons of gravel into the water-filled
culvert. Beneath the gravel, and
weighted down by a 500-pound boulder,
they found the body of the missing
wife. An autopsy determined that she
had died as a result of blows which
had fractured her skull.

Bonomi insisted that he knew nothing
of his wife’s death, but a bulk of cir-
cumstantial evidence against him was
soon brought to light. On September
16th he was held without bail for
trial on a first-degree murder charge.

His trial began on January 3rd, 1956,
in Plymouth County courthouse before
Judge Frank E. Smith. On January 20th
the jury returned a verdict of guilty,
with no recommendation for mercy.
Judge Smith then sentenced Dominic
Bonomi to die in the electric chair.

THE BODY IN MAMMOTH CAVE

(TD January, 1956)

After visiting a brother in Florida,
Lewis A. Finn, 70, a retired research
chemist of Chicago, set out in July,
1955, to visit another brother in Yuma,
Arizona. He never reached Yuma.

On August 19th a youth attempted to
cash a check in Las Cruces, New Mexi-
co, using a car registration as identifi-
cation. The name on the registration
was Lewis A. Finn. Obviously the youth
was not the 70-year-old chemist. The
bank teller notified state police. The
youth then gave his name as Leonard
LaFond and said he had found the car
abandoned. He never had seen Lewis
Finn, he declared. In LaFond’s wallet
was a picture of a girl identified as Jo
Ann Severson. She was picked up in
a rooming house near Fort Sam Hous-
ton on August 31st.

From statements of the pair it was
learned that they had been hitchhiking,
had been picked up by Finn. Later
Finn was stabbed in the back, near
Blowing Rock in Wautauga County,
North Carolina. Each blamed the other
for the stabbing. Putting the body of

rt
leys. PetEcTi’ €

Je

their victim i
transported

tional Park

days after hi
found. It w:
brothers and

On October
filed against
Ann Seversor
trict at Len
first they pli
April 26, 19:
their plea to
tence to life
Solicitor Jar
state accepte:
full approval
And on April
sentenced the
of your natu

"| k

Ronald Wa
from Fort Dix
his mother’s }F
York, early ir
that he had a

On March 1
a retired sc
nude, bloodst:
neath her bec
ment. She
and cut with ;
that afternoon

Cooper wa:
learned that f
landlady to pt
Murdock’s aj}
afternoon. H:
hattan on Ma
first-degree m

“T killed the
a long time I’
to kill a wom:
loose.” He ha
apartment at 4
awakened and
there, he stru:
tle. “I like to :

On April 30t
from __ psychia
State Hospital,
under examin:
Hughes of the
dered Cooper
State Hospital

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body, he retrieved the coat and threw it
over Rosemary’s legs.

The sheriff drove Harold Nepper to the
county jail at Wahpeton. Hatlie signed a
complaint charging second-degree murder,

News of the confession and the arrest
struck Mantador like a tornado. People
were incredulous, stunned.

“Oh, no!” exclaimed Rosemary’s mother.
“That is impossible.”

Jake Mertes shook his head in disbelief
and said, “I am very sorry for the mother
of that boy.”

“He is a real fine boy” said Anton
Mersch. “I never saw him with any girls.
He never gave anyone any trouble.”

His gray-haired parents, respectable and
highly respected in the community, were
stricken.

On the following day, Wallace Warner
of Wahpeton was retained as Harold Nep-
per’s counsel. Warner contended that
North Dakota’s juvenile court had juris-
diction in the case. State’s Attorney Hat-
lie disagreed. He wants Nepper tried in
district court.

The lawyers argued the point before

Justice William Kretchman in the latter’s
home. The judge ruled that the matter
should be decided by Juvenile Court Judge
Clifford Schneller who was, at the mo-
ment, trying a case out of town.

“I don’t think Nepper killed her deliber-
ately,” said Hatlie. “TI don’t think it was
premeditated—but every man is presumed
to know his own strength.”

The town of Mantador is going quietly
about its business. It is not angry. It is
stunned. Moving in its unostentatious way,
it collected a purse of over $400 and pre-
sented it to the Mertes family. Mantador
is sorry for the Mertes. It is equally sorry
for the Neppers. In its own way it tries
to display its heartfelt sympathies.

The community is not crying for Harold
Nepper’s blood. It is willing that the law
should exact what penalty it will. The
general attitude seems to be that the town
has been let down by one of its own. It
was terrible that Rosemary Mertes had
to die, that she was murdered. But if it
had to be, it should have been done by a
stranger, not by a quiet resident of a quiet
and decorous town. rx x)

Case File

(Continued from page 7)

44 TIMES A MURDERER
(TD February, 1956)

When a murderer is convicted, he is
given time to make all possible appeals
against his sentence. He also is given
time to make his peace with God. The
44 persons for whose death John Gilbert
Graham, 24, was responsible probably
had no time for even a frightened
prayer. On the afternoon of Novem-
ber Ist, 1955, he helped his mother, Mrs.
Daisy King, 55, aboard a United Air-
lines DC-6B Mainliner at the Stapleton
Municipal Airport in Denver. Then he
sat down in the coffee shop to await
news. It came a few minutes later.
The plane exploded in midair 35 miles
from Denver.

Arrested on November 14th, Graham
admitted placing a home-made dyna-
mite time bomb in his mother’s suitcase.
Tried on the charge of murdering his
mother, he was found guilty on May
4th and the jury fixed his penalty at
death in the gas chamber.

Showing the same cool indifference
he had exhibited since his arrest and
expressing no regret for the death of
his mother and the 43 other men, women
and children whose lives he had snuffed
out, Graham went to his death in the
Colorado gas chamber on January 11th,
1957.

HOLLYWOOD PLAYBOY'S
LAST GUEST
(TD November, 1956)

William Westcott Jr., 33, Hollywood
publicist, film producer and patron of
the arts, maintained a lush apartment
on the Sunset Strip. Independently
wealthy, he had many friends among
stage and screen celebrities. At 2:30
A.M. on August 3rd, 1956, he left a party
at the Brown Derby. At 3:30 he was
heard playing records in his apart-
ment. At 4:30 his landlord phoned po-
lice that Westcott was dead. His white
Lincoln convertible was missing, as
were some of his clothes and jewelry.

His empty wallet lay on a table. His
pockets had been turned inside out. He
had been beaten to death with a pistol.

At 1 p.m. that same day the white
Lincoln was stopped in Peach Springs,
50 miles north of Kingman, Arizona.
The driver, identified as Rodrigo Jose
Castro, 19, was arrested. He was car-
rying Westcott’s identification papers,
clothes and jewelry.

When he appeared for trial on Octo-
ber 16th in the court of Superior Judge
Clement D. Nye, Castro tried to escape.
It took six officers to subdue him. Cas-
tro’s attorney asked for a pre-trial san-
ity hearing. Judge Nye appointed three
psychiatrists to examine Castro. The
doctors reported that Castro is insane
at the present time.

On December 10th Superior Judge
Mark Brandler ordered Castro com-
mitted to Atascadero State Hospital. If
he ever recovers his sanity, he will be
brought to trial.

\

“Il WARNED HIM
I'D KILL HIM"

(TD March, 1956)

Gerrie Lawson, 19, worked as hostess
in a tavern run by John Yambor, 58, in
Pineville, West Virginia. She moved in
with John and he promised to marry
her, but she soon became jealous of his
attentions to other women. On the
night of November 23rd, 1955, she saw
him with a blonde in one of the tavern
booths. Gerrie went to her room and
got a pistol. When she came back John
was standing on the porch. She shot
him through a window. Held in Pine-
ville jail on a murder charge, Gerrie
said, “I warned him more than a week
ago that if he didn’t straighten up I’d
fill him full of lead.”

At her trial, in Wyoming County
Criminal Court in Pineville, Gerrie
pleaded guilty to manslaughter and on
September 12th, 1956, Judge Robert M.
Worrell sentenced her to 1 to 5 years
in prison. She is now serving her sen-
tence in Pence Springs Prison for Wom-
en near Alderson, West Virginia. She
will be eligible for parole in March,
1959, and the judge recommended that
she be released at that time.

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groups, bega:


by ERIC WELLES

Investigators discovered that Mrs. Daisy King had taken out air-
flight life insurance in amount of $37,500 prior to the fatal crash

a

Me psn:
Gh ag
af 4

t
:]

4
ty
4

* could recover literally hundreds of thousands of tiny
fragments of the exploded airliner, and second, then put /

‘as one of the most remarkable real-life detective stories of al

.

T-IS a curious fact that although most mystery write
agree on the type of case which has produced the mog

superb detective work in this century, only avery few”
have attempted to base full-length novels on the criming
gambit. The crime involved is the planting of an explosive

whom a large insurance policy has been taken out. The
murderer who resorts to this type of homicide, of course, has
to beavery special breed of cat, an individual utterly devoid
of conscience who has no qualms about taking the lives of

whose death will make him a wealthy man overnight.
If this crime has produced such outstanding investigative
feats, why do the great majority of mystery writers shunitis ©

of its kind, prober

device aboard a commercial airliner to kill one Passengeros §

| of time, motive ,opportun

scores of other persons in order to murder the one persox”
4

i i Shibey Dig eee ae

;

Inaremarkable investigation which became a classic
7 s narrowed the field of suspects
ething more than the usual factors

1 one who had som ee
lo ity. He also had expertise

fh

plotting their novels, movie screenplays and television spec
taculars? ; Cy)

The answers are surprisingly candid, and the e& {

planations seem all to be cut from the samé bolt of cloth. The :
whodunit specialists avoid the theme because of fear of
straining the reader's credulity. The truth, they point out,
the actual truth of how modern scientific investigators ge .
about tracking down the mass-murderer who kills scores of
people in order to collect on one insurance police literally
defies belief. And even though they are writing fiction, a
story that does not win the -reader’s confidence that the
events recorded therein are at least possible will never make
the best-seller lists.

To cite only one facet of the procedures common to thei

vestigation of criminally bombed aircraft, they shudder at
the task of getting their readers to believe that probers, first,

them together like some gargantuan jigsaw puzzle to obtain
a picture that will reveal damning evidence pointing straight
to the mass-murderer who engineered the diabolical crime

The case in. which this part of the technique was
perfected occurred two decades ago, but it is still pointed to

time. During the intervening years aviation experts and law
enforcement investigative specialists from all over the world
have come to the United States to study the astounding —
procedures that led to a successful conclusion in that it-
stance.

i

Cal . F ee
ribed how the DC-6B, after sd
earth with

Sg og
tafi~ ver wide area
nae i flaming wreckage paayered Ne: CES)

4
7 ere

Bulletins from the office of the United States Weather
Bureau at Denver, Colorado indicated that flying conditions.
were ideal on that evening of November Ist.
temperature was 34 degrees. The wind was out of*the
northwest at 12 miles per hour. Visibility was 16 miles,
only a few wispy scattered clouds above 22,000 feet drifted
across the bright roof of moonlight. .

At the loading ramp the Mainliner lay like a mammoth —
moth trapped in the glare of powerful floodlights as the
team of mechanics gave the huge DC-6B its final preflight
safety check. The stewardesses were already aboard
busy supervising the crew of the caterer’s truck as they
brought aboard and stowed the in-flight dinners which
would be served to passengers later.

Finally the public address system in the lounge a -
nounced that Flight 629 was ready for boarding by thé
waiting passengers, a couple of whom werestill having their
tickets checked at the counter. Others, in pairs, singly, and if
small groups, began to straggle out of the nearby coffee _
shop, some talking, some laughing; a few, who were nervous —

travelers, looked edgy and apprehensive while trying © —

appear unconcerned. 3

Most of these people had boarded the great silver plané =

at noontime in New York; a dozen or so had come aboardat

Chicago. All had taken advantage of the 48-minute layovet “ &

in Denver to disembark and stretch their legs while the plane
was being refueled and restocked. Many had already form

) *eToo

TD DOUBLE-
LENGTH FEATURE

|

uo (zeauteg

i i ips wi at mates and fello
al in-flight friendships with sea ;
prdnaomig ad 2 were chatting and laughing Pt
a rolled onto the runway at Stapelton Municipa'
i bak : Pp
OT ace passengers, all of them vane ee coe
the ground crew disengagec
thrqugh passengers before N ngage
i é > Hall ran up his engine
loading ramp. Captain Lee a ap ne Sate
i deafening roars. 7 he guar :
ae ne and the Mainliner taxied down the rae
ae Gt 6:52 p.m. when the cockpit cr

; precisely . ; ‘
. ind to he tower that the aircraft was airborne w yn
ea freight of 39 passengers, plus acrew of five.

=.93. Captain Hall radioed the
‘leve i ss Jater, at 7:03, Captain Hall t
N Ne. Eleven iin i onee terse, crisp, efficiently cout
= = A i as he reported that the takeoff was uneventful and his shi
mney. Kelley. ( ing i s climbi igned altitude.
' ting Atty. Smith was climbing to the assig
i Attorney Kelley (1.) and Prosecutit
ong satite the sin problem of jurisdiction in the bombing ;

tre

rep
cargo of human

a 2

é Poe 4 ts aoe id Bis 2h ae
x eat ieee Vth oh AE UREA


ae ee eee ee

FIL KD IN 10 DAYS

BE
| Upon receiving antics from. said
warden of such execution, it shall

be the duty of said sheriff to be pres-

ent and witness such execution; and

he shall receive and cause the certl-

fied transcript of record of said ex-

| ecution hereinafter specified, to be
filed within ten days after said ex-

ecution, In the office of the clerk of
the court in which sald conviction was,
had: and the sald clerk shall record’
said transcript at length in the records
of said case. In case of the disability,
from illness or other sufficient cause,

of sald wanden or said sheriff to be
present at such execution, it shall be
the duty of their respective deputies,
acting In their place and stead, to ex-
ecute said warrant, and to perform all
other duties in connection therewith,
and by this act imposed upon their
principals. ‘

ERCHANTS
LICEMAN
EATING BOY

ass Men Surround Abe Pollock
n if He Does Not Release

1 He Attacks.

‘nth street business men, led by former
terday afternoon surrounded Patrolman
ilone that thorofate, and forced him to

1.

&

v

PI

veaten ; Fisher, tho less. ‘thin 2 years old, {e tall
inter-|and muscular. He was holding? his owt:

hand chatted

gentle rain drops pattered o

ung man whom the policeman had]
rowd threatened Pollock with violence |

| dramatic feature, and it took place with

the informal nature of a snial! house
party.

The preparations for sending the con-
demned to his doom were in progress
most of Thursday. The, cell wns sealed
early in the day and the word was passed
that none but Hillen’s relatives, Dr. Ad-
ams, and his spiritual adviserk, would
be permitted to see him.

PERFUME OF ROSES

FILLS DEATH CELL.

The perfume of sweet scented ‘flowers

wafted from the death cell,
bouquet, of roses stood in the centen of

fore noon he was dressed
blue suit, a dark bow tile,- turn down
collar and a white shirt, the clothes all.
hia
request. . - |

Shortly after 10 o'clock the Nehts werk.
put out sround the penitentiary walla.
near the death cell. Prison - officiala,
ministers, doctors and Denver) county of-
ficlais stealthily moved toward the prison.
As the clocks tolled the hour of.ten,
the death
chamber, ‘gently sputtered a
thru the windows, and Harry Edgar

(Continued on Page a—Ool, 1.)

1

AR AIDS U.S...

|
7

Masher | with the policeman when the latter, ac-

In the United Stater, according to a atate-

for a huge

_e.~<

the cage. Hillen diligently read his Bible.
with the death guard as.
the curtains were drawn, signifying thag —
the seal. of death had been affixed. Bem —
m aA navy”

own, ard placed on him pt- his: Own,

‘splashed -

2 .-
A °
rm ig 4 - -
eewet © “os
a . . -
we CMe ge .
=o

A | j ;
National Parks 5 Crow a
: Tourists and ne
_Ate ‘Coming Pee:
. i ~ . hy ; <"
Washington, June _ i,
ex} by American touti-tal to Bwrepa, {
ewtimated by Secretary Lane it oh ik
or more annually, is this year being ; apeat


| reputable newspapers are nrorrened from printing ne horrible de-
| tails of legal hangings.
In the history of the world as it is told day by day in the news-
papers, there is enough that shocks without going into the sordid de-
tails of hangings that take place under the authority of the state.
The Post believes in this law and the motives that inspired its adop-
tion, and for that reason refuses to print the sickening story of the
events that happened after Hillen was led from his cell.

theater
the of-
north,
the vil-
iad reé-
n thru
id held

fensive
Austro-
t w

2.68
further

rsaw is |

i their
11° fall
of the

- It ig sufficient that Hillen paid the penalty of his crimes.
‘The Colorado statute covering-executions is very interesting and

. of- (38 as follows:

The ‘particular day and hour of the
execution of said sentence, within. the
week specified in said warrant, shail
be fixed by sald warden; ar@ he shall

_{nvite to be present thereat the sher-

iff of the county wherein the convic-
tion was had, the chaplain and phys!-
cian.of the penitentiary, two prac-
ticing surgeons, residents of the state, .
the spiritual adviser of the convict.
fr ny, ana six reputable citizens of ~

the state, of full age. Said warden

may also appoint three deputies or

” guards. to assist him in executing sald

sentence, and said warden shall per-
mit no person or person’ to be present
at such execution except those pro-
vided for iA this section.

LAW PROVIDES WARDEN
SHALL: KEEP TIME SPCRET.

The time fixed by said warden for
said executions shall be by him kept
secret and in _no manner divulgéd, ;
except privately to the persons by him

‘invited .to be present, as aforesaid;

and such persons so invited shall not.
divulge such invitation to any person
or persons whomsoever, nor in any
manner aisclore the time of such ex-
ecution. persons present. at such °
execution shall keep whatsoeyer may
transpire thereat secret and irfviolable
gave ard except the facts certified to
by them as hereinafter provided: No
account of the details of any such ex-

ecution, beyond the statement of the. :

fact that such convict was on the day.
in question duly éxecuted according to
law at the state penitentiary, shall in
any manner be published in thig state.
hes section of the Colorado statutes

s
4

Any person who shall violate or omit.
to comply with section six of this act

be guilty: of a misdemeanor, andy up-

ry fine 6f not less than $64. nor more
than $500, or by imprisonment | in the
‘county, Jatt” for not. less ‘than thirty
_ Gays, nor more than st fionhths:

af

tions shall. be filed.‘and: gas Here ix @
section: ;

RECURD OF DEATH.MUST |

BE FILED IN 10 DAYS. +

_ Upon receiving notice from . ead
warden of such execition, ‘It shall.

be the duty of said sheriff to. ‘be ‘pres-

ent and witness:such execution; and. -

he shall receive and cause the cérti-

fied transcript of record’ of said ex-

ecution hereinafter specified, to be

filed within’ ten days after sald ex-

the court in which said conviction w
" gaid.transcript. at length irr the records
of said case. In case of the disability,
" present at such execution, it shall be |
acting In their place and stead, to ex-
ecute said warrant, and to perform all

' other--duties in connection therewith,

principals. -

on. conviction thereof, be punished by |

ecution, in the office of the clerk of.
had; and the said clerk shall record \
the duty of their respective deputies, ~

and Mby. this act imposefle upon thetr

(Continued on Page 2—Col. 4”

prescribes a penalty for the violation of
the foregoing regarding . sippression of
details of execution. This section follows:

{the section previously quoted) shall

The Colorado statutes go.on to prescribe
the manner inswhfch ‘the record of execu-

gy

we

from iliness or other sufficient cause, —
of said warden or said sheriff to be -

ireatens

ANCRY M

RCHANTS

a revelation

beatific, his
every motic!
How differe)
ago! How «
shot down

Aman, becaus:

son’’ bandit
and how dif
panther-like
signed a sta’
fenseless C)
dared laugh
steel pistol!
Yesterday
len sat, for
pretty 19-ye
Katherine: /
and ministe
was in Den
dyring the —
blood relatic
‘because oft.
religious fér
When it c
Dr Adams -

bars, _ kisse
maiden. sist:
his head in
Pipe hed an
I |\forgive hi
done, and al
- ‘Hiltén’s
canversion r
‘dramatic ‘fe:
“the Anform:
party. a
, The. preps
-demned to
most of -Th
early in the
that-none hb
ams, and. }
be permitte:
PERFUME
FILLS DE,
The perfu:
wafted fron
bouquet of -

{the cage. HB

ind chatted
the curtains
the seal of -
fore noon )

iblue suit, a

collar. and a

hig own, an:

request.
Shortly aft

: put .out are

near the d:
ministers, do
ficlals stealt)

Ars the c)-

£ AUR M7 LA SL

H CRIMSON BANDIT

S REGENERATED.

(Continued From Page One.) .

Hien. ‘again ‘gmiled, for he told the
been anewered, that the Makér had héard
", hie ples; that He had answered. them
‘ thro the weeping and lowerfig and darks
ened: ciouds. CUvards rurhed to the out-

of powerful sticks, waved away the men
of a prying press, for
“legitimate facts at hangingp {is one or

' Canon City. ‘
-After the Wensdive Dr. Hart, Goodloe

hurriedly. examined the body, and paven-
teen and a fraction minutes after the
trap aprung. pronounced - Hillen dead. In

the {wo nfinisters, other prison guards
and. officiaje there Were’ present from
‘Denver, Alexander Nisbet, commissioner
of safety and ex-officio sheriff; Glenn
Nuffield, undereher fff, and Dr. TWwomas VJ.
Carlin, witness and medical expert.
After the execution, Warden Tynan
called up the newspapers and stated that
wilfien had been le@tlly hanged at 10:30
lat: night, He refused to give any de-
tafle. The Denver officials were pledged

field nor Commissioner’ Nisbet would
makaanny other atatament than that eiven

chaplain ard his old that his prayers. had |

aide of the building, antl with a sweep;

the “hobbies of the pewen warden at

addition to Warden Tynan, Captain Fels,

to secrecy, and nelther Undetsheriff Duf-:

\

not have given him till Saturday night,
the same as the Wechtér hanging? Yes,
I ask why? Harry's life since hia ar-
rest showed he was entitled to a hearing.
‘lt wanted time to help him. .Do you
think one on earth could go to the gal-
lows professing innocense like Harry did
if he were guilty? When he told me he
was innocent of this awful crime I be-
lieved him and I still believe him.

suppressicn of. «Our family were victims of a heart-

less father. He turned Harry,out on the
rerid when he was a boy. He ran off
and! left mother, now dead, with three
‘children to care for, and since I have
gohe back to Salt Lake City he has re-
fused to recognize me. He would not
write Harry a letter or send a word of
cheer to him, neithet would he Contribute
a ¢ent. It is too bad that father was
not in Harry’s place yesterday.

PREGED WARDEN TO LET
HER KISS HIM GOODBY.

“We have ofher relatives hereabouts.
Thdmas Rutledge of Pine Bluft, Wyo., is

an uncle of Harry; #0 is Samuel Rutledge
of Denver.

'T do nut see why they have such harsh
rules at the penitentiary that they will
not let ® devoted sister kiss a brother
vetren he is golhg away from one forever.

I tried to induce Warden Tyhan to let me
rondhbe vyeeferday, but the

Yelae Flarry

AT END AND FORGIVES HIS ENEMIES

Sister and Doctor Who Befriended Slayer Charge That
Prison Warden Robbed Him of Two Days of
Life to Which He Was Entitled.

‘ ° .

{

i

A HILLEN MEETS DEATH


oS Ce i i a ee

viewers to Mr. Tynan.

Prett, Irene Hitlen, brushing aside the
flewing tears, had nothing but words of
eritietsm for the governor of . ‘olorado for

not granting her an audience in the ftght
for the life of her brother, a8 she re-
turned from Canon City today. Neither
could she see the necessity of hanging
her brother before the time limit had ex-
pired, Saturday night. f
stSTeR DECLARED HE
VYWYPED 2 DAYS MORE.

“Harry should have had those forty-
elaft hours of, precious life,’ she said. °

“I do not see why Warden Tynan was
{n such a hurry. tie poses as against

capitmi punishment. yet takes my broth-
er’s hi {wo dars before he had to. Why

there anc see the minutes go. but his life:

of late was so comforting that it helped.

He asked to be remembered to our heart- |
less father.”
who lives at the:
and has been a constant visi- |

['r. Katherine Adams,
Kaliserhey,
ter at the cell of Hillen, said:

“The gcvernor of Colorado, before his
election,
punishment. His attitude now shows he
is for it. I believe Harry Hillen was in-
nocent. It takes a brave man, & hero, to
die like he did, and it wes because he
had accepted Christ’and was innocent.

“Some day the real slayer will be
known, and there are men in Denver to-
day who know about the killing. Harry
would sdoner die for others than violate
a confidence. I cannot hely but say that

pretended to be against capital |

i!

| he should

| while we

done for o!

SLAYER /

FOR BET
Hillen's :

the time )
day of his
the better
eat aA mean
by the wa:

PARTS OF HILLEN’S LAST LI
“ARE. REPRODUCED. IN FA

, Ae


i man's ORT e hph ia < dh by.
vores’ of an plnond apap it; abd b
ites in tte the eoo wot tural

bso chin has beta. bear ys

tan hu beer reapect eines:
or aan ahah Nanae orked

= etebhtion

‘to one side's A
. omen lightly.
aves one sister in: Kort

te datouned rit
‘written a:

= une BRUTAL oni Ke:

SN ok Yee rtteny

Saooke Foarfutiy: stat

" pe anaes pit tle aereen fanies aicat a
a eet Gay: at the ‘stock-:

the lam coted ration of the Fourth :

‘Peter Bupoks and J,-7, ley

anded'tn the Geliberates ¢old-bic

tor ot ihe one and bas, by this Ati,

‘The Lgterious, Fourt was pent Cy. nen

e Mag ofe pits Li bets 2
w fosturte oft tbe triad as aa be

ated d there truth

iy. Hea
ee ren are £0 be. found’ patie eles.

of tomas, plow Or. ‘wneertatsi

int 0 suns

earth weld te,

et cara wt reek od §
’ ; r ard:

pane rasan ot t oF
eat the ree

Mocnes oe beer i ™ rohase
Joyce's. een:
bic “mm

ase the
uity,: ted: ‘jm

ea

TAS Snooks
“ores chased {

sag dotge. ’

bere Joyce. #
#ifle. 7 be tes ae sbawed

a
+ was ‘asvate o£ that fact! with
“Peatimony w :
empty cond}tion:
net wee s generally ‘ . wat

wever; di made known, .

vend to prove that the.
of the: rife’s ch
about the gard

Seen ae ae

} co PD Ae ER
"Books? fret niave was to potnt the deatiy
Weapon at ¢ Payal ‘of hie Woes chrouge:
the window... he ape toon actually bis
he to remove Joyre from’ ‘earthly |
apparent finthing-conkt have 4
Tented ms; but he contdnted, mineelt uf
Asebarging & Volley of words in re,
pare even With Joyes,: He then wi saree
the gun from the window, shouldered tt and.
marched inte the toom tr await furthest, de-
velopments, Oa planting hie feet. within:
a doot ne enele took alm, A clioking of

Mhurieg hog que oe opens Joyee coolly cour
daned work upon his sheep, not trying to}

at ee 1 eat bf the range of (he weapon,
16 efose-¢xamination ab. Abe

one Aen Oaton e|

“many: pitts of the room where he might bh ¢
i enaconced hie body with absolute safety, f
PREVENTRO PROM. SHOOTINGS. 1°:

“Pus before the Youth could fire, if that
ian his intention, Fred Gerber, another efns

fplore at the establiahment, eprang to phe!
us, struck down the barrel of the ele
fto she & doot avd pinned the oung ma

from: bis task ot tae shes
lees with? the ‘rapidity of lightning’ ‘he
pongeed, upon the prisoner pinioned in the
arme of Gorber, “and” Defore he vould: be’
stor ‘he: had planged the Knife: “he had {I
ou the lambover @: balf-dozen: times},
ined Snook’s body, hacking It to pieces, | 1
Then calmly Wiping the wore of the mur
dered man trom bis knife Joyce returned to
bts task, finished jt aod laki his knife away, 3.
At eoun ‘as the: tidings of the bloody affair.
had ‘epread ® «inch gathered on the scene
threatening ‘tp i lynch’ the spurderere! bitad
polices 2:600s0n..é0.. prevent: the
violent: fevtoct. ‘of: pubisiment abd found.
Joyeo. trembling like w leat... Never idtd ‘a
sti¢t-in the hands of the

lance hing nate Iaiparten

Pip, berg Ld Snooks, the victim, was

nown. ° 4wo: physicians ‘who ‘were:

uaknowa, Tse tm bim:sod.. who testified

that several of the cuts were necessarily fa-.
qnust have been.

tal testified
18 ‘and’ 24. years. of agee-8 mere stripling,
weak end puny to-his phynical. p proppriions.:

“Those who beard: the decision of, Judze!
Decker n port the-matl on for @ new tfial will |

never. re ‘terrible arraigntpént di-
rected by that: distinguished juriat tothe:
deed of Joveo,.. He characterized: as the.
fost “gold- blooded, ‘Deutal: and jodéfensibie
oradee fe) iy bagwn. Josbe ast of Cols
o

"The ‘sole ro dafenee. ‘interposed by connsel for
the muruete? waa. the..
aod the manner ia which that ples was torn:
to tatters by District. “igneniiese Bravene: was:
a most masterly effort, hoa

I


a.
AE TE Ses
a:

8x pail iy

me

7 Mk ee 6

nie Pyaar ree ahere, att

1 did not see the bay Point ibe ean at Jorce..

fy tae

do. 008. bok Sore "was acting 7 '
giving tons et aha

ssa al lg ee
af

| do bin. : Sasuke walked: ‘bebind me and res:

to, Jacmas Carvey,
tise... he needs ipodat ed veel
old skinning alles och as ie eed « on sbeep,

: SHASOTHER: RESON,” weia ee

“Brea” ‘Gather: testified: that: Beek chad
leveled the guh af dures ensing?t..*t31'¥o Kus
yeu fou), ant Vib blowsthe to op of your beat
UE Tuyre aah? Horhine, oa

keys hia eye
eatost: the Words. ‘ Phew: +8 took she gud

foywing. hm against thy. Wall: Joyce. then
started in and texan: cutting.‘ The fest -cut
beaw.was across the’ neck: tbe se seoond in the
left shid uncer the'arm,. Thar sasile gd:
Wess foi to get awa} So hed 4 AY Ne Koowa

aR Boy wae DHCNE:.

of the: eraeee thie: Bates eri

au, pulled ibe trigger up, but did oot bays
ite: When tbe bop puller ‘up the Cin a Peds
ond time Joyce alls.“ ast
Cueber, enue et she: erat Ld ‘Shen: teen Joyce

Went tiara
Shovk9. 3 ar ry sue Fa eneckan Score}
hia face ups.: I teloph:
anf raid.’ to: doyce,t that. Muntoke war ‘pearly
teek:- dover sar” tere CORP Ta: BEIT
Jovce Wont back to week a i old, Dini. toget.
ress anil xive binds Hawn

APhomae Bytitn. ext’ Ho ort, Frasier bout
teatidned tbat they oe: doyce ‘out the: 1 boys.

Laeeoreenth


SS are

GALBRAITH, Azel » White, miner

“9

es

: Someone, it seemed,
had come to the house
and taken the furniture,
all except a bed -

containing two corpses.

It wasn't like Jennie Galbraitht
to leave without saying goodbye.

Sheiasall Gulch, Col., scene of »
murders, as it looked in 1930s.

hanged Colorado (Gilpin) on 3/6/1905,

THE DEVIL OF

USSELL GULCH, COL., was like many another Western
mining town of the early 1900s, a primitive settlement a)
where life was a daily struggle. .Its houses—many were little
more than cabins—were perched on bare slopes where they b
were racked by bone-chilling winds in winter and baked Ww
e

g

powder-dry in summer. .

High above the village in the foothills of the majestic
Rockies the men of Russell Gulch continued the search for }
gold that had been going on for 50 years. The scarred and

w
tunnelled hills bore evidence of their hopes and perseverance. Ss
Their lined and weathered faces, their calloused hands, their d:
iron-hard muscles were all testimony to the fact that this was m
no life for a weak man or a quitter.

The women had it no easier. They had to make homes © .
out of next to nothing, sew, cook on old iron stoves, doctor { fi
their kids and help out when a neighbor was in need.
So it was on a Saturday afternoon in early April, 1904, that j uw
Mrs. Sam G. Hughes and her sister Emma made their way to i
a cottage standing by itself on the southern slope of Russell tl
Gulch. It was the home of the Azel Galbraiths. No smoke be
drifted from the chimney, the curtains were drawn—it looked hi
as though the family were away. , w
“Seems to me, Emma, that I haven’t seen any of the Gal-
braiths for over a month,” said Mrs. Hughes as she ascended la
the steps to the front porth. “The place just looks deserted.” d
“Maybe Jennie and the boy went to her folks in Fort Collins . 4
while Azel hunts for another job.” | fa

_Jefruary, Lo


‘ “Maybe. Only Jennie wouldn’t have left without a word to
t anyone, That’s not like her.” .
a Emma agreed but reminded her sister that Jennie Gal- .
y braith also was proud. “You know she’d never admit they
i were really hard up. She wouldn’t come running for help
. even if they was. starvin’, Maybe she felt too ashamed to say
é goodbye.” ;
- The women knocked without getting an answer. The door
d was unlocked. They entered and called Mrs. Galbraith’s name.
> Still no answer. They walked through the living room to the
r dining room, then to the kitchen, puzzled by the fact that
- i most of the furniture had beep moved out.
‘f° “Almost looks like they’ve gone for good,” said Emma. M

a” The single bedroom in the house, strangely enough, was °
ee fully furnished. The air in it was heavy, fetid.

Sniffing, Mrs: Hughes said, “Pack rats must have got caught

© under the floor and died. We'd better air this place out.” ‘
my But Mrs. Hughes did not go to the window. Noting that
ll the bedspread was rumpled in places, she stepped over to the
o bed and tried to smooth it. In doing so, she felt something
d. ; hard under the covers. She threw them back, and both
Y women gasped.

l- The bodies of Jennie Galbraith and her 9-year-old son
sd lay under the covers. Their faces were grotesque masks of
” dried blood.
a The two women ran back to their house and told. their

pe i a ih Di

* | RUSSELL GULCH “@

father, John F. Cheatley, what they’d found. After phoning

a
Lottie Russell thought boy
friend was wealthy miner.

 Azel Galbraith was seen
with tough-looking gent.


Ne neti Es

~saPtn ar

=

Ape

ope

Soe ee ee ee

”

“When ‘Sheriff Tom Cody finally caught killer,
he had to stand off a crowd of angry citizens.

the county coroner, Cheatley and a
boarder in his home, Wilfred Callicott,
ran over to the Galbraith place.

“Murder,” Cheatley whispered when
he looked at the bodies. “Blood all over
the bed . . . frozen blood -in their hair
... horrible.”

The two men left the room and now,
for the first time, noticed the stripped
condition of the other rooms. It ap-
peared to Cheatley that every article
of any value had been removed.

Coroner A. C. Asquith and Will
Tippett, an undertaker, finally arrived
from Central City, the county seat.
Asquith ascertained that the woman
and boy had been shot, death probably
being instantaneous in each case. The
bullet that killed Mrs. Galbraith had
entered behind the right ear’ and
emerged in front of the left ear. Young
Donald had been killed by a bullet
above the left ear that had emerged at
the right forehead. Neither slug was
found in the room.

“It’s almost impossible to estimate
time of death with any sort. of accu-
racy,” the coroner said to Sheriff
Thomas Cody when he arrived. “The
bodies have been preserved by the
freezing weather.” He pointed to the
blackened condition of the fingers and
toes, then went on. - .

“But there has been some decompo-
sition, probably during that warm spell
we had a while back. Taking every-
thing into consideration, I’d say they’ve
been dead a month to six weeks.”

Sheriff Cody shook his head grimly.
“It’s hard-to know where to start. I’d
know what to do if I had the varmint

-

Ye

“\. a haw

Marshal Jim O'Rourke (left), shown with fellow officer

ii A

from Idaho

od

Springs, told Sheriff Cody about three men and a load of furniture.

«

over the sights of my six-gun, but I’m
not much for detective work.”

Cody talked things over with City
Marshal Billy Williams and Night-
watchman Jim Daly. _

“It wasn’t nobody in Russell Gulch,”
Marshal Daly said. “We got our share
of gun-toting toughs, but I swear none
of.’em would do a thing like this.”

Nightwatchman Williams , nodded

_agreement. “We've got to look outside

of Gilpin County for the killer.”
“Maybe you can tell me something,”
Cody said. “Where’s Azek Galbraith?”
“He’s been gone three-four weeks,”
Daly explained. “Looking for a job in
Denver. His ‘job here played out and
he’s been pretty hard up.”

Cody asked if either of the men knew

when Mrs. Galbraith and her boy last
had been seen alive. Billy Williams
said that he had checked on that al-
ready.

“T’ve been talking to some of the
womenfolks, and near as I can make
out it’s over a month since they’ve
been seen. I guess neighbors didn’t
come over to investigate because they
thought the woman and the boy had

gone to Fort Collins to stay. Anyway, -

it appears that Washington’s Birthday,

a Monday, was the last day anybody
saw them. Russell Burge came by the
house with milk, but no one answered
when he knocked. Later on, he says,
he saw the boy playing below the Wau-
tega Mine dump.

“That same Monday Azel Galbraith
bought some cookies at Wanger’s and
Askew’s store and he told Mrs. Wanger
he was leaving for Denver right away
and asked her to let his family have
whatever they needed until they left
for Fort Collins. She told him. she
would, but Mrs. Galbraith didn’t come
in. Mrs. Wanger just supposed that
they’d left town that very day.”

Sheriff Cody nodded. “That means
that the boy was alive Monday, Febru-
ary 22. And since they weren’t seen
after that day we can figure the mur-
ders took place that Monday. Guess
what we better do now is question some
more of the people here. Maybe they
saw something or somebody who came
to the house on Washington’s. Birth-
day.”

Meanwhile, Coroner Asquith had

taken the bodies to Central City and |

examined them. He was certain the

death bullets were .32s, which made it ~
appear even more. unlikely that the ©

ere on


hit AF.
from_Idaho
f furniture.

y anybody
ume by the
e answered
n, he says,
w the Wau-

1 Galbraith
anger’s and
(rs. Wanger
right away
amily have
il they left
d him she
didn’t come
yposed that
lay.”

[That means
Jay, Febru-
reren’t seen
‘e the mur-
jay. Guess
iestion some
Maybe they
1 y who came
con’s Birth-

squith had 4
al City and
"certain the |

ich made it

' killer had been a local miner. The .32

was too light a gun for most miners’
tastes.

Sheriff Cody agreed when Asquith
came to Russell Gulch to give him a
report.

nT doubt if there’s a .32 this side of
Denver,” Cody said. “That’s an Eastern

Cody, Marshal Williams and Night-
watchman Daly learned a few things
in their questioning of local people.
Many said they had seen lights on at
the Galbraith place as recently as a
week before. Some said they were ¢er-
tain Azel Galbraith had been in Rus-
sell Gulch during the month of March.

Returning to Central City, Cody went
to the largest hardware dealers in
town, the Jenkins & McKay store, and
asked if they carried .32 revolvers.

McKay shook his head. “Sheriff, you
ought to know we don’t keep nane of
them popguns. What in. the world
would you be wanting one of. them
for?”

“I don’t want one. I want to know if
you sold one lately. But if you don’t
stock them... .”

“We don’t,” the Seudware man said.
“But we had a special order for one a
couple of months ago.’

“Oh?” Cody said. “Who ordered it?”

McKay scratched his chin. ‘Durned
if I can remember. Fellow from Russell
Gulch. Wait a minute—I’ll get my
records.” He led the way into a littered
back office and opened a gray-covered
ledger. He ran his finger down a list of

penciled items, finally coming to the

one he wanted.

“Let’s see now ... We had to order
the gun from Denver. And the customer
was Azel Galbraith.”

“Galbraith? What was the date he .

ordered it?”
“January 15. Oh, yes, I recall more

about it now,” the proprietor went on. -

“Mrs. Galbraith phoned .to ask about it
near the last of January. It had just
come in, ‘and we delivered it to her. I
remember talkin’ to her on the tele-
phone, and she sounded mighty wor-
ried, like she couldn't wait to have
the gun.”

Sheriff Cody was puzzled by this

development. “I can’t figure it out,” he

said to his deputy, Matt Ryan. “From
what Doc Asquith said, it couldn't be
suicide. And yet .

“Well, you said so » yourself just after
looking at the bodies,” Ryan reminded
him. “You said it was murder. The gun
wasn’t in the room, was it?”

“No,” Cody: admitted. “And a person
who shoots himself can’t very well get
rid of the weapon. No, I guess it was

murder, all right. But I wonder why:

Mrs. Galbraith sounded worried when
she talked to the hardware man about
the gun.”

EOPLE BACK in>Russell Gulch

‘were not frightened by the double
murder—they were outraged, angered,
puzzled. And they wondered where
Azel Galbraith was, why he didn’t
come back ‘to lead the hunt for the
killer:

Two men in the small community
came to the conclusion that they had
information the sheriff should have.
They didn’t know if it had any bearing
on the killings, but that would be up
to Cody. He’d have to decide.

The men, A. W. Mellow and J. R.
Hughes, went to his office and told
their story. “We saw furniture being
taken out of Galbraith’s house not more
than a week ago,” Hughes said. “Tables,

chairs, a sideboard—all kinds of -
things.” :
“And who was doing the moving

Cody asked.

Ss a

i _ it to learn what ad

“Well, that’s the strangest thing of
all,” Hughes said. “It was. Azel Gal-
braith.

“Galbraith?” Cody said. “You’ mean

~ he moved the furniture out only a week

ago?”
“Yes, sir,” Mellow said. “Saw him

with our own eyes. Another fellow was.

with him, a stranger. And Azel acted
kinda funny, like he was scared of the
other fellow or something. It was plain
he didn’t want to talk to us—didn’t say
more than two words.”

Sheriff Cody couldn’t figure out this

latest information. Did it mean that

’ Azel knew his wife and son were dead?

And -who was the stranger—someone
who had some kind of hold over Gal-
braith?

Cody asked Denver police to locate
the missing man. Inquiries disclosed,
however, that none of his friends in
the city had seen him for’ weeks.
Though he was supposed to have come
to the city to look for work, no mining
companies had any record of his ap-
plying for a job, Sheriff Cody began
to wonder if Azel also finally had fallen
victim to the killer or was being held
a prisoner.

The sheriff began to wonder about
other things after George Miller, a
resident of Russell Gulch, came for-
ward with his story, an account that
contained further surprises.

“I’m cone of Azel’s best friends,” ‘

Miller said, “and I know some things
about him. I haven’t said much about
this to anyone. because I figured Azel
would pull out of it.” ,
“What are (Continued on page 55)

George Miller, who had worked with Gal-

Riad :
eee

‘Galbraith home ea ot ‘ent
jappened to family.

braith, was troubled by change. ‘in him.


The plane's tail, on facing page,
above, two miles apart. Note tar

and part of fuselage, Daisy King,
paulin-covered bodies

crash. At ri

the last aboard, and the crater made by the
ight, Jack Graham, who had handled dynamite

Had a Bomb Split This Airplane Asunder Eleven Minutes
Out of Denver? If So, Who Could Have Planted It, to
Bring Death and Tragedy to So Many? For What Reason?.

iner, a DC-6B. With 44 persons on it.
Forty-four persons dead, in a twin-
Jing. Forty-four lives snuffed out
hrough some mysterious,, unknown |
aid-air explosion. =
‘Rescue work, according to word from
he firemen and police, would be of no
elp. All 44 were dead. But to the
olice, and to the officials of Stapleton
‘ield and of United Airlines and of the
‘ivil Aeronautics Administration the
‘ork just had begun.
Their problem would be to find out
hat had caused the explosion. A fail-
cre in the mechanical operation. a leak
1 the gas lines, a blowup in the hy-
caulic lines, a human error on the part
* the crew? Or something else, per-
aps something sinister—such as sabo-
ge?
Jack Parshall of Kansas City and the
AA was notified and flown to the
‘ene. So were Jack Meyer, assistant
‘neral manager of United Airlines and
‘ad of rescue work for the firm, and
»ctor George Kiadra ‘of Chicago, the
tline’s medical director. And SO was
ebb B. Burke, special agent in charge
the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Denver, —
Before morning, so was my boss, Dis-
ct Attorney Bert M. Keating of Den-
ct, and myself, chief investigator for
office: Because by that time the first
spicions of something more Sinister
in accident or human error had been
‘stered.
4 lot of things had been learned by
> experts who had rushed out so early
the night. :
Villiam Trembath, fire chief at Lowry
Force Base, had found the tail sec-
1 of the plane as he sped out in his
: truck. It was two miles from the
t of the wreckage, almost intact, with.
airline’s name quite evident.

.

Near it were sprawled nine bodies.

At the Brubaker home the motors
were still spouting flames. Bodies and
wreckage were scattered over more than
& mile of beet fields and pastures in a
narrow, oval-shaped pattern.

A helicopter from Lowry Air Force
Base arrived, to play floodlights on the
ground and help the recovery team

‘from United cover the bodies with white

tarpaulins pending their removal,
United States post office inspectors were
there to attempt to recover a vast quan-
tity of mail scattered to the four winds,

The early “Law” on the scene—local
police and deputies, highway patrolmen
ete Cs Police from Lowry—were mys-
tified. :

se WHat happened?” they asked one
‘another. “A clear night, just
out from Denver—and this.”
' Farmers and ranchers who had seen
or heard the end of the unfortunate
liner agreed on the two tremendous
explosions, one seemingly in the air and
the other as the main part of the ship
Struck the earth. :

Under the helicopter lights and other
temporary illumination, bodies were
collected by the UAL crew. Among the
debris could be seen the limbs of some
of the dead; hands grotesquely signal-
ing, in death, to the rescue crews.

One worker carried a tiny form from
the wreckage, laid it on'a tarpaulin.

“A doll?” asked someone.

But it wasn’t a doll. It was the body
of a child, the only minor on the ill-
fated liner,

Colorado National Guardsmen from
near-by armories, in fatigue uniforms,
moved in to help manage the crowds
and carry the misshapen tarps to am-
bulances, which were moving the torn
and seared bodies to a temporary

morgue in the Greeley, Colorado,
Armory.
By*dawn, November 2, 40 linemen of

the Mountain States Telephone Com-.

pany had strung 75,000 feet of tempo-
rary wire, hooking up emergency
phones. 4

A heavy guard was thrown over the

wreckage while workers collected bag-
Sage, cushions, first-aid -kits, dinner

_ trays, curtains, orphaned shoes, cloth-

ing—labeling each and indicating on a
hastily drawn map just where it had
been found in relation to the fuselage
and the almost intact tail section.

The airline company, highly organ-
ized for emergencies, ‘was particularly
concerned because this was the second

- Mysterious crash of one of its ships in

less than a month, in the West. On

October 6 a DC-4, carrying 66 passen- ..

gers, slammed, in the night, into Medi-
cine Bow Peak, west of Laramie, Wy-
oming, en route from Denver to Salt
Lake City, Utah. This liner, miles off

course and believed flying 2000 feet:

below: the minimum safe altitude, ac-
cording to witnesses, hit the cloud-
shrouded mountain peak. An intensive
investigation by the CAA and company
experts was in progress even as the new
tragedy struck.

News of the tragedy electrified the
country. Sudden death had struck from
one coast to the other.

With it went the whispers of sabo-.
tage. For FBI men had noticed on sev-
eral parts of the plane’s fuselage, torn
and twisted in the explosion, a strange,
white discoloration.

Dynamite, they knew, leaves such a
discoloration through a residue it sprays
as it’ explodes.

‘It could be—but on the scene they

had no way of knowing for sure. While -

others, CAA men and United experts,


@T

en added it was “no fault of
rs watched with some other
nd.’ The club where Julie is
; charged with permitting lewd
shows.

gree murder indictment was
tinst 22-year-old Richard A.
Indianapolis, accused of shoot-
friend during a rape attempt.
is charged with the shotgun
September of Thomas E. Scott
eaks With Me And Lives, Jan-
_ 1957). Police said Scott was
e approached a bedroom where
d tied Donna Games to a bed
x her clothing to ribbons with
rs. Moistner escaped in Scott’s
s the object of a nation-wide
his surrender a wéek later at
mit.

ce by the state of Ohio of a plea
first-degree manslaughter ended
‘ree murder case of Peter Robert
Norwalk, Ohio, accused in the
his 23-year-old brother, Robert
April, 1956 (Care To Share
der INSIDE, 1956). The trial
1 end before the first state’s
5 called, in the midst of opening
by Miller's court appointed
ttorney Peter Catri. Miller was
o Mansfield Reformatory on the
t carries a one- to 20-year sen-
iad been sent to the state hospital
following his plea of not-guilty
of insanity. The report from the
sted him as legally sane under
Attorney Catri withdrew the in-.
during the court proceedings and
not-guilty plea. Dr. Forrest
‘uperintendent of Lima State Hos-.
ied Miller as subnormal and his;
silling as ‘‘an act of impulse under
n.” Bushong and other doctors
ologists agreed that Miller is sub-
intelligence, with estimates of his
z from 74 to 80.

Ray Amer, 20 years old, entered
plea of guilty to a charge of sec-
e murder in the slaying of Alfred
_ and was sentenced to 12 years
issouri state penitentiary (/f /’m
Hang Me High, December INSIDE,
ner, who once boasted to a woman
n that “they can’t hang me any
; killing nine people as for killing
Cred the unexpected plea just as a
judge was preparing to set a date
‘ial in the Johnson County, Mo.,
vurt. Amer admitted last Septem-
“+ police questioning he had slain
* 3 while the two were hunting frogs
1 owned by Amer’s grandfather 16
‘thwest of Warrensburg, Mo., last
ie had been sought for questioning
se since Askins’ body was found in
~~ 3t September.

ex McCullough, 47, lost a
empt in Denver district court to
s extradition to Missouri to serve
2 prison term. The Denver butcher,
lived a model life under an assumed

name for 12 years since his escape from a
Missouri prison, was denied a writ of habeas
corpus (The Borrowed Life of H. R. Mc-
Cullough, March, 1nswe, 1957). McCul-
lough’s attorney was overruled in his argu-
ment that Missouri extradition papers were
insufficient and that Governor Johnson’s
executive warrant was improper. The offici-
ating judge held that McCullough was fully
informed of his rights and that the extradi-~
tion procedure was entirely legal. He di-
rected Denver authorities to turn the fugi-
tive over to Missouri officials. The defense
was successful in gaining a 60-day stay of
execution of the order to permit McCul-

lough to appeal the ruling to the Colorado
supreme court.

Mrs. Blanche E. Jacobs, 32, was sentenced
to life imprisonment after pleading guilty in
Columbus, Ohio, to two counts of second-
degree murder. Mrs. Jacobs was charged
with the knife slaying of an elderly Grove-
port, Ohio, couple, last July (Nightmare
Over Naomi Court, October InsmE, 1956).
She had been scheduled to be tried before
a jury on first-degree murder charges. Vic-
tims of the double-knife slaying were Mr.
and Mrs. Andrew J. Robinson. Prosecutor
Samuel L. Devine offered to reduce the
charges to second-degree murder in exchange
for a guilty plea. Blanche agreed after con-
ferring with her husband, a U. S. Army
major, and her attorneys. She had report-
edly turned herself over to Columbus police
last July after two days of “weaving a net
of lies around herself.”

siti

John Gilbert Graham, it was learned on
the day of his execution, had twice admitted
to a Denver minister that he was guilty of
the mass killing of 44 persons who died in
a bomb-shattered airliner (Flight 629—To
Eternity, February INSIDE, 1956; and Jn
At The Finish, January and February
INSIDE, 1957). Graham died in the Colorado
prison gas chamber for the murder of his
mother, Mrs. Daisie King, among those
aboard the United Air Lines plane which
blew up near Longmont, Colo., Nov. 1,
1955. The Rev. Lloyd C. Kellams said
Graham told him that he had placed a
home-made dynamite bomb aboard the
airliner. This was three days after Graham
had feigned a suicide attempt in the Den-
ver County jail. The second admission came
the day after Graham’s conviction of mur-
der last May ... While in his death row
cell, Graham was asked to pay the city of
Denver $32,106.24 for the cost of his trial.
He made no reply to the request. The legal
demand for the payment came in the form
of a “writ of execution” on a judgment
against him entered by Denver district
court. In case Graham did not pay the
judgment, the writ directed Safety Manager
Ed O. Geer'to take possession of all “lands,
tenements, goods and chattels owned by
Graham as of 10:37 A.M. November 16,
1955 (the hour of his murder charge), and
offer them at public sale. Graham’s mother
had been owner of a local drive-in which
Graham managed . . . Minutes before his
mother’s death, Graham had purchased in-
surance policies. It was learned that he can
collect nothing on them.

Smoking a cigaret, Otto Austin Loel, 45,
a former Oregon peace officer, entered the
death chamber in McAlester, Okla., shook
hands with the warden and was pronounced
dead in the electric chair minutes later.
Loel, convicted of murdering Mrs. Eliza-
beth Jeanne Henderson of Compton, Calif.,
in an Oklahoma City motel, in January,
1956 (Have You Seen Otto Loel? Decem-
ber FRONT PAGE, 1954, and Curse of. the
Golden Buddha, February INsmE, 1956),
was asked if he had anything to say. ‘‘No,
thank you,” he replied courteously. After
his final plea for clemency was turned down
the day before his execution, Otto tele-
phoned his sister in Syracuse, N.Y., to tell
her that he had been refused clemency. He

. then ate a last meal, a bowl of oyster soup.

His last request was for a cough drop but
no one had one .. . At funeral services
preceding his burial, no relative of the
convicted killer appeared to claim the body.

Sentenced to 12 years in prison when he
pleaded guilty to the fatal stabbing of
Nelson H. Beare, 50-year-old Kirkwood,

.Mo., salesman and church officer, was

Charles William White, 20-year-old itiner-
ant (Corpse In The Gray Flannel Suit,
December INSIDE, 1956, and Jn At The
Finish, January INSIDE, 1957). White
originally was charged with first-degree mur-
der but charge was reduced to second-de-
ree and he pleaded guilty. Beare’s stab-
ounded body was found last September in
St. Louis, Mo., hotel room. White, arrest-
ed the night before on peace disturbance
charge, confessed stabbing on previous day.

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FOO

were looking into the possibility of ac-
cident, G-Men put a cloak of secrecy
on their activities and swung into an
all-out investigation of the Possibility
of a crime.

UNtTzD Officials, however, took one
, Positive step in that same direction
when the FBI mentioned their suspi-
cions. A wire was sent to Madison,
Wisconsin, and Charles Wilson, director
of the Wisconsin State Crime Labora-
tory, was asked to rush to Colorado.
Wilson is an acknowledged expert on
explosives.

First step of the Federal agents was
to question every possible witness of
the crash. In addition, picked experts
of the Bureau, many of them ex-pilots
and air technicians themselves, spread
out through the beet fields and pastures,
site of the mishap. Every tiny piece of
debris was recovered, as far as. hu-
manly possible, tagged, evaluated, and
in a hangar, at Stapleton, the ruins
were pieced together on a wire skele-

ton, with the careful deliberation ‘and .

skill of anthropologists handling the
bones of some prehistoric monster.
As this “mock up”, as the agents

called it, grew in size, it slowly told its .

own story. Part of the plane had been

all but pulverized. However, the tail’

section had remained almost intact,
apparently blown from the fuselage. at
the time of the explosion.

The fuselage had been pushed out-
ward in three directions. Chunks of
the fuselage wall were bulged outward,
indicative of the tremendous force that’
had come from within. |

What surprised the G-Men most,
though, was the fact that they found
intact almost none of the luggage the
plane surely had carried. Every Piece
of luggage they recovered was torn and
burned and shredded to bits.

Slowly the mock-up grew. Blueprints
of the plane were sent for and techni-
cians from the manufacturing company
rushed to help. Every bit possible had

“to be found and identified and placed

Among the victims were Mrs. Helen
Fitzpatrick and her son, James;
Stewardesses Peddicord and Hinds

10

Ne ate

TLONGS ©

on the mock-up properly before any de-
ductions could be made.

This was the technical side of the in-
vestigation. Other steps were being

‘taken, on other angles. If indeed this

had been an explosion caused by some
agent foreign to the plane itself, it had
to be identified. G-Men and airline
agents tried to trace‘each piece of lug-
gage and each bit of cargo the plane
carried, and each piece of mail where
possible. Something in the luggage
might have exploded accidentally and
this could be no crime at all—pending,
of course, laboratory identification of
the strange white residue already dis-
covered.

But, if it should be a crime, the G-
Men would be ready, too. Across the
country, agents instigated a thorough

een ee ee ate Saale ae

but quick survey into the lives, habits,
friends, enemies and even lovers of
every crew member and _ passenger.

' This extended to Seattle and Provi-

dence and Pittsburgh and the smaller

_towns and hamlets where the 44 vic-

tims had lived. And leads, swiftly de-
veloped in each one of these localities,
naturally spread to other communities
in an ever-widening circle. The best
brains of the FBI were seeking a mo-
tive for the wholesale slaughter, if
slaughter it should be—a motive that
once firmly established might lead
to the solution of the whole affair.

What was the motive, after all?
What could it be? .

Wealth? Revenge? Hatred? Jeal-
ousy?

Or just the act of a mad man?

Once before, in this drive-in,

explosion threatened Mrs. King

The first efforts of the G-Men
brought out only a partial passenger
list, which would have to be added to
later. The crew consisted of Captain
L. A. Hall, pilot; D. A. White, co-pilot;
S. F. Arthur, pilot-engineer; Jacqueline
Hinds and Peggy Peddicord, steward-
esses,- all of Seattle—the ill-fated
plane’s next scheduled stop.

Also on the plane were two vacation-
ing stewardesses, Sally Ann Scofield
and Barbara Cruse ‘of Denver.

Other passengers were James Straud,
Lansing, Michigan, general sales man-
ager in the West for the Oldsmobile di-
vision of General Motors; Carl F. Deist,
San Francisco sales manager for Olds-
mobile; Marion R. Hobgood, Hatfield,
Pennsylvania;

Daisy King, Denver; Mr. and Mrs.
Stewart Morgan, Wilmette, Lllinois;
Mrs.. Helen Fitzpatrick and her son,
James, only fourteen months, Batavia,
New York; Doctor and Mrs. Ralph Van
Valin, Newburg, Oregon.

F. E. Ambrose, Mr. and Mrs. Bror
Beckstrom, Elton Hickock, John Bome-
lyn, Frank Brennan, of Seattle; Clar-
ence Todd, James Purvis, of Tacoma;
Thomas Crouch, Wichita, Kansas;

Alma Winsor, Newfoundland; Herbert |

Robertson, New York; Louise Bunch,
Forest Grove, Oregon; Mr. and Mrs.
Brad Bynum, Sherwood,»Oregon; John
Desjardin, Denver;

Mr. and Mrs, James Dorey, Whit-
man, Massachusetts; Mr. and Mrs.
Gurney Edwards, Providence, Rhode
Island; Mr. and Mrs. Virgil Herman,
Vancouver, British Columbia; J. W.
Jungels, Aurora, Illinois; Mr. and
Mrs. Gerald Lipke, Pittsburgh: Lela
McClain, Portland, Oregon; Doctor
Harold Sandstead, Washington, D. C.;
Jesse Sizemore, Jenifer, Alabama.

Who were these people? What were
the secrets of their lives, the reasons
why airline manifests failed to list
complete addresses?

It was a tall order for the G-Men,
and they plunged into it with all the
resources at their command.

The FBI men, of course, also took a
fast look into the travel-insurance ma-
chines at Stapleton Field, and at the
other fields where this plane had
stopped to pick up passengers.

They discovered that seventeen of
the passengers on this flight had taken
out insurance policies to the tune of
Some $655,000, payable in case of dis-
aster. The policies were written by three


dohn @,

( Colorado 7
(Denver) #.

1-11-1957. Say)
“C

WR Lad SL elt bd
Saas ROL tag

Ee a eRe

Forty-Four Deaths for One

actly at 7:03 p. m. November 1,
1955—investigators established
that precise minute. :
Mr. and Mrs. Jack Brubaker, tenants
on the 160-acre Heil farm near Long-
mont, Colorado, were closest to it. The
whole- sky, they said, lighted up in a
terrific flash. Then came the thunder-
ous roar.

The Brubakers had been eating sup-
per. They leaped up and rushed to a
window.

“Flaming bits of debris were settling
down all over the farm,” Mrs. Brubaker
said. ‘“‘It looked for a minute like the
main part of an airplane was going to
hit our house. It landed a little bit

T:: first explosion was heard ex-

away. We were paralyzed with fright.”

8

By Ray Humphreys

Chief Investigator

7 Denver District Attorney’s: Office

That was the second explosion—the
crash of the plane into the ground.

A moment later the telephone rang in
the office of Keith Cunningham, Chief
of Police at Longmont. The call was
from an excited, unidentified rancher.

“A big plane is burning out here!”
came the shout. “Just the other side

of the St. Vrain River, about a mile
from the Heil farm. Send help!”
Cunningham did, instantly. He no-
tified the Colorado Highway Patrol and
the Weld County sheriff’s office in
Greeley, then he sent all available
Longmont police and firemen, plus all
ambulances in Longmont, to the scene.

at 6:52 p. m.

In a few minutes an officer radioed
“No ambulances are necessary

Which one? How many aboard? What
type—military, private, a commercial
airliner?

A deputy in the sheriff’s office got on
the phone, calling Lowry Field in Den-
ver, and the big Stapleton Municipal
Field. There he got his answer—an air-
liner, with 44 aboard, had left Stapleton
It would have passed
over Longmont ten minutes later, over
the Heil ranch almost immediately
afterward.

And quick confirmation came from
the scene of the crash. It was a United
Airlines plane, all right. The big air-


Placed on probation

for five years—providing he made good

time of the plane

crash, Graham still owed $105.
More interesting to the investigating

however, was an incident

damage, Investigation
Proved that the explosion

had been caused by a disconnected gas
fuel line which had been ignited by the
Pilot light of a hot ‘water tank. The line
had been disconnected deliberately! John
Graham told Police some cash had been
missing from the restaurant register, a

small amount,
explosion was

The police, unable

accepted _ this
gation.
“If I could

and suggested that the
the work of .the burglar.
to prove otherwise,
and closed the investi-

find out why that explo-

sion really occurred,” Moore told Agent-

in-charge Burke,

“maybe it would throw

some light on the bombing of Flight 629,”

Burke instru
this angle of
most

restaurant. He
and his
moncy. More

: . that Mrs. King
$150,000 estate to her son. This, plus w,

mother . often

cted Moore to keep after
investigation, by far the

Promising to come to light. Agent
Moore began i
‘hood of the King

nquiring in the neighbor-
home and the drive-in
learned that John Graham
argued about
was the fact
a share of her

Significant
had willed

the insurance taken, out on her for the

flight, was cert
murder.

ainly sufficient motive for
off his police

record and the mysterious explosion at

Agent Moore continued nosing about
the King neighborhood and came up with

that seemed

woman now told Agent Moore that Mrs.
Graham had commented: “What a shame

it is. Daisie won't

her Christmas

Present. Jack got her a

drill set and put it in her suitcase with-

out her knowing

a surprise when she got to Alaska.”
' Moore reported this alleged statement

to his superior.

She got a surprise, all

tight—but long before Alaska. | think it’s
time we got this Graham in here for

“questioning.”

.Webb Burke

8arding

questions about
‘and personal relationships between other
between °

Siness associates.

, on
quested that the Grahams come to the

50 :

Denver FBI office to examine some lug:
gage. The following is Agent Moore's
official statement about the November
13th interrogation of John Graham: “
first met Graham on November 13th. He
and his wife came to the FBI office at
twelve-forty p.m. I had directed Agent
James R. Wagoner to call them down to
examine some luggage. Agents Lloyd R.
Hashman and Donald J. Sebesta were jin
the office with me. We took them into
a room to look at the luggage.”

After examining the aggage, Mrs.
Graham was returned to her home but
Graham was asked to remain and give
additional information to the federal
agents. He instantly denied placing a gift
in his mother’s suitcase.

“Agents Wagoner and Sebesta,” Moore
said,
toom No. 1 to question him about his
background and to get a complete back.
ground on his mother. Wagoner and Se:
besta hadn't eaten any lunch that day.
So at three-forty p.m.
80 Over to the Albany Hotel for some-
thing and they invited Graham to ac-
company them, which he did. They re-
turned about five-forty-five p,m, and
went to interview room No. 2 Since there
were some facilities in room No. 1 that
I needed to use. The agents began going
over Graham's and
ties on November Ist. At six-forty P, mM.
Wagoner came to

and'call an attorney, said the door would
be left open and

time and that he didn’t have to say any-
thing and that

“I then said, ‘I accuse you of blowing
up the plane.’ He denied it.” ’

Agu Moore finally requested that

a tool box at a &arage where he
i mechanic, the
and his mother’s
Colorado. Graham

drive-in festaurant,
fanch near Toponas,
signed these waivers. Agent Davide Ww.
Yates Jr. and several other investigators
Proceeded to the Graham home in south-
west Denver with the Search waivers,
They were admitted to the house by Mrs,
Graham, who also Signed a search waiver
before the agents began to go through the
house, ‘

In the pocket of a shirt found in Gra-
hams bedroom, the FBI men discovered

“went with Graham to interview :

they decided to -

‘ment, which follows,

had wanted the beneficiaries to be a sis
Policies, in the minimum amounts :of °
about $12,000 each,
the beneficiaries from the airport—but,
Graham had claimed, his had never ar-.

tived. Making no explanation of why he ‘fp

had mailed the policy to himself, instead
of pocketing it, Graham Said he must
have mistaken a trash box for a mail
box. when he posted the three policies,

At the FBI Denver office Graham was.
confronted by the policy found in his ~
dresser drawer. He still claimed he had
the mail, Interroga-
tion of the Suspect continued, and after
each statement made by Graham, : FBI
agents instantly went out and checked for
Shortly before mid-

and mouse game

“You've been lying to us all night,”
Agent Moore said to Graham. “We are
going to charge you with this crime. Why
not make it easy for us?” .

Graham remained silent. The clock
ticked _ past midnight,
twelve-seven A. M., November 14th, Gra.
ham replied: “Where do you want me
to start?”

For fifteen minutes after this remark,
Graham; Orally made a confession. An
FB girl Stenographer was called in from
her home and began taking down a writ-
ten confession at twenty-thirty. The’ state. .
took nearly an hour
to complete.

“I, John Gilbert Graham, make the
following voluntary statement to James
R. Wagoner, Paul E. Bush and Brendan

Walsh, who have identified themselves
to me as special agents of the Federal
Bureau : of Investigation, United States.
Department of Justice. | realize that I
do not have to make any statement and
that any statement that I do make can

used against me in a court of law. I
have been advised I have a right to con-
sult a lawyer at any time. No threats,
Promises or moneys have been offered to
me to make this statement. | make this
statement because I desire that the truth y

known concerning this matter,

“My name is John Gilbert Graham and
I was born on January 23rd, 1932, in —
Denver, Colorado, | received. a ‘high
School certificate from the
Denver extension division

Mrs. Daisie
who was killed in the wreck of
Air Lines plane on November

40-60 pct.,

six-
volt dry cell Hotshot battery and two
about eight feet of
wire attached to the caps. All of this
was placed in a cardboard box about
long and about eight

deep. I covered this carton containing the
above items with
the trunk of ‘my

a blanket’ and left it in
car until the afternoon

DETECTIVE CASES

ter, her daughter, and John Graham. The

had been mailed to.

and at exactly ‘—

“

Get your

ditions ir

See studer
doing and
ment you v
call. Send
card, Get

Nation
Dept.

of Noven
that. my .
was due
posed trip
Lines Flig
six-thirty |

“On the
1955, at al
Gloria Gr:
Daisie E.
months, lef
1955 Chev;

. Motor Hot.
Purpose of
Storage unt:
I told my
‘would placc
automobile ;
Motor Hote!
continue to

Ort so that
nited Air
Alaska.

“AS soon
had left our
car, which \
in front of ;
trunk of my
dynamite in ;
dynamite ‘cap

“To each .
two strands «

«feet in length.

or four feet .
Sack of dyna:
sticks in plac:
the wires wi
dynamite caps
Sack. I then c

»” DETECTIVE CA

i,


e a Sis-
im. The
ints ‘of
ailed to
t—but,
sver are.
why he
instead
ie must
a mail
icies.
am was
in his
he had
iterroga-
nd after
im, FBI
cked for
re mid-
se game

night,”
We are
ne. Why

ie clock

exactly °
th, Gra-
vant me

remark,
sion. An-
in from
a writ-
he state-
an hour

iake the
o James
Brendan
emselves
Federal
d States.
e that I
nent and
jake can
f law. I
t to con-
» threats,
ffered to
jake this
the truth 4

‘ham and
1932, in
a ‘high
versity of
1950 and
ollege at

cs. Daisie
wreck of
November
i Denver,
ska.
or 19th I
Plymouth
0-60 pet.,
ready six-
and two
it feet of
ll of this
sox about
out eight
ight inches
caining the
1 left it in
afternoon

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} Name TTT TTTTT Tr eoccccccccone PPUETTTET ITT TTT occ MEO. .cescce
Address.......... eecineis Sibenees she pheecdh cbeegdeuWaeiasew sindvevecsarvereessteied ‘
Ce) |) Ay PPYTTTT TIT cores ee MOMs cs eccee Beale, nec. ccscercves oo

_ posed

of November Ist, 1955. It was the day
that. my mother, Mrs. Daisie E. King,
was due to leave Denver on her pro-
trip to Anchorage on United Air
Lines Flight 629 scheduled to leave at
six-thirty: P. M.

“On the afternoon of November Ist,
1955, at about five-fifteen P.M. my wife,
Gloria Graham, and my mother, Mrs.
Daisie E. King, with our son, age 20
months, left our residence in my mother’s
1955 Chevrolet en route to the Denver
Motor Hotel, 1420 Stout Street, for the
purpose of placing my mother’s car in
storage until she returned from Alaska.
I told my mother and my wife that,]
would place my mother’s luggage in my
automobile and meet them at the Denver
Motor Hotel, from where we would all
continue to the Denver Municipal Air
port so that my mother could. board the
United Air Lines plane en route to
Alaska.

“As soon as my mother, wife, and*son
had left our residence, I went out to my
car, which was parked in the, driveway
in front of my house, and there in the
trunk of my car I placed the 25 sticks of
dynamite in a paper sack around the two
dynamite ‘caps.

“To each dynamite cap was’ attached
two strands of wire approximately eight
feet in length. I then wraped about three
or four feet of binding cord around the
sack of dynamite to hold the dynamite
sticks in place around the caps, leaving
the wires which were attached to the
dynamite caps extending out of the paper
sack. I then connected one of the wires

DETECTIVE CASES Ft

. then connected the second cap in
the same manner. The purpose of the two

‘ caps was in case one of the. caps failed

to function and ignite the dynamite.

“I then set the timer to detonate the
dynamite in one and one-half hours, be-
cause that was the maximum time on the
timer. At this time, an hour and one half,
I knew that the circuit between the caps
and the battery which was broken by the
timer would ‘be closed by the timer
mechanism and detonate the caps, which
would detonate the dynamite.

“I then took this sack of dynamite with
the battery and timer attached and placed
it in my mother's large Samsonite suit-
case, which she had previously packed
to take with her on her trip to Alaska.
I placed this suitcase in the trunk of my
car, together with another smaller. suit-
case and a brief case, which my mother
had packed to take with her on her trip.

“I then drove to a surplus store on
Alameda near Federal in Denver, where
I purchased two olive-colored web straps.
I then drove to the Denver Motor Hotel,
where I picked up my mother, wife and
son. We then drove in my car to the
Denver Municipal Airport. I let my
mother, wife and son out of the car at
the entrance to the main building at the
airport. I parked my car at one of the
parking meters about half a block from
the main entrance to the airport. I took

‘the two web straps which I had _pur-

chased and fastened them around the
large suitcase, and took this together
with the one small suitcase and brief
case, belonging to my mother, to the

United Airline ticket counter in the main
airport terminal building where I turned
all the luggage over to my mother.

“My wife and I then waited at a point
about 30 feet from the United Airlines
counter while my mother checked her
luggage onto United Airlines Flight 629.

“After my mother had finished check-
ing her luggage, my wife and I went
with her to the passenger’s gate where
my wife and I told my mother goodbye
and watched her board the plane with
the other passengers. My wife and I then
watched the United Airlines plane taxi
down the runway, after which we, with
our small son, went into the coffee shop
at the airport and had dinner.

“We were in the coffee shop for ap-
proximately one hour and as we were
leaving I heard the cashier of the coffee
shop make the statement that there had:
been a wreck of an airplane about 40
miles out of Denver. Later on that eve-
ning, after my wife and I had returned
to our home, we heard over the radio,
and later verified by the United Airlines
personnel, that there had been an ex-
plosion on United Airlines plane 629 that
evening near Longmont, Colorado, and
that all ‘the passengers aboard had been
killed.” This statement was signed by
Graham, and each page initialled by
him. He also made crude drawings of .
the bomb setup.

OHN Gilbert Graham was then pho-,
tographed and fingerprinted by the
FBI. He remained in the Denver branch
office until daybreak, when he was given

. oma

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a preliminary hearing on federal sabo-
tage charges. The following day District
Attorney Bert M, Keating filed murder
charges against Graham and he was
transferred to state‘ custody.

On April 17th, 1956, Graham’s trial
for the murders of forty-four persons
‘began in District Court, presided over
by Judge Joseph M. McDonald. It was

quickly evident that the FBI had con-

tinued to investigate the case and had
gteatly bolstered its confession and cir-
cumstantial evidence prosecution of the

* accused. A salesman from an electrical

wholesale house’ in Denver testified that
he had sdld Graham.a timing device on
October 28th—four days before the plane
explosion. He said that Graham had first
contacted him on October 17th, and he
had ordered the timet from Hartford,
Connecticut. Graham had posed as the
representative of a pump company which
needed the timer for a project in Utah.
A complete checking out of all area
outlets for dynamite had turned up an-
other prosecution witness—a proprietor
of a general merchandise store in
Kremmling, Colorado, who testified that
he had sold 20 or 25 sticks of dynamite
and two electrical blasting caps on Oc-
tober 22nd. He pointed out John Gilbert
Graham as the man who had bought the
blasting equipment. He said that Gra-
ham had indicated that he was going
to do some prospecting.
’ Introduced also were the findings of
the aeronautical engineers, actual wreck-
age photographs of the mockup recon-

‘struction of the blasted plane, statements

by FBI crime chemist Dr. Magee, and
statements from cargo handlers, passen-
ger agents, plus witnesses who placed
Graham in Kremmling at the time of the
dynamite purchase. Topping it all, was
the accused man’s own lengthy confes-
sion. The defense collapsed, ‘completely
when John Graham signed a statement
that he did not wish to take the witness
Stand in his own behalf, and did not
want his wife or a psychiatrict to testify
for him. This was in direct contrast to
his pre-trial repudiations of the con-
fession given to the FBI and his asser-
tions that “I will take the stand and prove
I am innocent!” ead

Perhaps the most silent and shocking
trial day was April 27th, when three
physicians took the stand as the prosecu-
tion technically proved the fact of Mrs.
Daisie King’s death. Dr. Earl G. Miller,
family physician, was asked by District
Attorney Keating: “When did you view

body Number 38?”

“On November 3rd.”

“Could you identify it?”

“Yes. It was Mrs, King,” Dr. Miller
replied. “The body was exposed to the
waistline and because of my long ac-
quaintance with her I could make posi-
tive identification from the face.”

Coroner H. Ross Adamson testified
briefly that the cause of death was ‘“mul-
tiple fractures of the entire body.”

United Airlines Medical: Director Dr.
George J. Kidera, of Chicago, stated that
the identification base, established at the
Greeley armory, had contained a long
line of bodies at one end. “I examined

52

Number 38 and found a compound skull
fracture with visceration of the brain,
multiple jaw fractures with some teeth
missing, a gaping hole in the chest that
extended to the abdominal area, multiple
fractures of both arms and severely man-
gled legs,
‘were straightened out you couldn't tell
there were legs. In my opinion any of
the injuries could have caused death but
I believe death was instantaneous due to
the head injury.” :

It was not necessary, from a point of
law, for the medical men to give, grue-
some descriptions of the other 43 victims.

The jury received final instructions

.from Judge McDonald on May 3rd, and
tetired to consider a verdict. Ringing in
their ears was the dramatic summation of
District Attorney Keating.

“Compare the proceedings in this. case,”

Keating ha& said. “Take into considera- “

tion the patience and dignity of this
court and the three experienced attorneys
appointed to protect his rights. Compare
this system of justice and then come
back to November ist. Ask yourself what
happened in the trial of Daisie King.
This defendant set himself up as the
judge. He became the prosecutor. And
then he ruled—'I the jury decide that
you must die!’”

For the forty-four who had plunged
to a’ blazing ‘death, the Graham case
jury returned, in one hour and nine min-
utes and on the first ballot, a verdict of
guilty of first-degree -murder, and the
order that John Gilbert Graham be ex-
ecuted in the Colorado penitentiary gas
chamber. Graham,’ who signed so many
Statements, has signed an affidavit tre-
questing that he be put to death as soon
as possible. On May 15th the law ob-
liged, setting his last day on earth as
August 26th, 1956, a

GIRL IN SEARCH OF A BODY
(Continued from page 35)
was 16 before he completed the eighth
grade. Because of his language problem—
though he now could speak adequately,
at least, he still could not read or write—
it was decided that Salatore be excused
from further painful attempts at educa-
tion to enter the work world.

Salvatore Diana quickly became Sam
Diana, jewelry store assistant, cheese mak-
er, bean picker—one after the other his

jobs lost interest to him and he tried .

Something new. What Sammy did like
was girls—girls and dancing and clothes.
He built up a wardrobe of flashy clothes,
became the best jitterbugger in Taylor—
and the romantic idol of younger girls at
Taylor High. One of those romantic-
minded young ladies was Marlene Chom-
ko. She had heard all about the smooth
dancer with the darkly handsome - fea-
tures, and she knew, moreover, that when,
Sammy wasn’t on a date he could be
found at a barbecue in West Scranton.

ii WAS almost destined by fate for a
’ Pair of young people like Marlene and
Sammy ,to meet. Marlene, though of a
wealthier family background, was a fest-
less girl who had had her way with her
parents. She found school and schoolkids

Until the lower extremities |

to another

uninteresting. She liked older men. Mar:
lene had left home after a particularly
wild period, and had been’ found by. po-
lice in a motel. Taken home, she had
been lectured sternly by Chief Enderline.
In an effort to make the girl forget, to try
to interest her in something besides men,
the Chomkos purchased the flashy Cadil-
lac convertible for their sultry daughter.
It was with this car and her generous
spending’ allowance that Marlene attract-
ed the attention of teen-age idol Sam
Diana. She hooked his interest at the
West Scranton barbecue, and thereafter
Sammy found himself dating the posses-
sive girl more and more often. Her par-
ents, learning of her infatuation for the
jitterbugger, attempted to discourage 'the
romance, but as always these efforts only,
increased the girl's determination to date
the unacceptable boy friend.

But Sammy had another girl who had
to be taken out of play. Marlene first told
Sammy that the girl in question was preg-
nant, but this attempt to destroy the ro-
mance between the man she wanted and
the other woman fell flat when the girl
confronted Marlene in Sammy's presence
and declared the statement fictitious. How-
ever, Marlene’s campaign for Sam didn’t

cease fire. She used the telephone to ad- »

vise the other teen-aged girl that Sammy
and she had been married. Marlene
warned: “Stay away from him—or else,”

Several days later Marlene called the

teen-ager again and in a soft, sweet voice ©
Said: “Didn’t I tell you I was married to

Sammy? I told.you I’m married to him.
I love the guy. I’ll do anything to get
him. If I can’t have him, nobody else will.
I'm warning you, honey, stay away from
him or I'll kill you!”

Cautioned by her parents to Stay away
from the romantic Sicilian herself, the
blonde-haired Marlene was battling des-
perately to keep rivals away from her
boy friend. She was caught between in-
fatuation, the menace of losing her beau
itl, and the desires of her
pocenty to discourage the romance. Mar-
ene’s crush on the dapper Diana had
pushed her into a teen-aged triangle—a
situation she+was too immature to cope
with, and one. that frustrated her deter-
minations at every angle. :

The police wondered, now, just how
strong Marlene’s determination had been.
They transferred the two young prisoners
to the Blakely Barracks, where additional
questions were fired at them by state
troopers and officials from the district at--
torney’s office, =

Joseph Chomko, husband of the victim
and father of the suspect, was finally con-
tacted in New York and flew back to
Scranton; arriving at the hospital at three-

. thirty that Monday afternoon. Margaret

Chomko, he was informed, had im-
proved after eight blood transfusions but

additional blood was needed to help pull —

her through the crisis. Chomko main-
tained a vigil outside his wife's hospital
room. So great was his concern for his
wife that Chomko had not had time to
think about his emotional young daugh-
ter and the trouble she'd gotten into.

It was about this time, late on the night“

of the shooting, that another romantically
overwhelmed young lady came to the

DETECTIVE CASES

‘Blakely Bar:
She Was $i)
girl, and sh:
ana’s plight-
by Sammy's
lene Chomko

- ance of the «

affections ha
willingness t
known that ;

..,the officials

- Sammy D
man named

> with herself

“father and sp
that would
Diana denied
-He was still
with a girl—a
taken a pot
going out for
Investigatio
Diana’s clain

' peared to lin

Marlene Cho:
volver used :
traced—to th
Diana, A clx
nition and |
Scranton area
cent purchasc
been made by
These finding:
mg, to Marlen

he blond
that a plan to

. far back as

discussed the ;
with Sam Dia
troduced by I
member of th:
target practice
which Diana i
the heavily-ca
that the first m
ary 9th, when
Car -with gas:
father’s truck
New York. \
into view they
but the powe:
for Pitta’s. aut:
abandon this a:
lowed. One w:
the early retur:
murder plot, an
when Sammy |!

. bedroom befor<

that night.
“I went to th

-my the gun,” M

I was going to :

‘Merve. I couldn

A. subsequen
girl’s mother, |
again the daug
with it. On the
1956, Marlene

trigger.

OHN Pitta,
’ Marlene’s s

‘was lying. “She

killing her pare
she was just ta!
my house: Monc
she had shot her
When we didn’t

‘I felt sure she
_ DETECTIVE CASE

Si ose

gS RE ae IO ge: rag


Andy Green.

Denver, Colo., vas Startled some time ago by toe
bold robbery and murder of car driver Joe Whituouh.
The desperate bighwayman turns out to he Andy
Green,a desperate neoro. who, in company with an: |
other colored fiend, boardea the Street car and cap- |
tured the money box and shot Whi nab dead. The ©
car drivers of Denver are wi'd over the murder aud a)
lynching may he the next affair in order. The excel- |
lent portrait we publish of Green on another page ig
frome Pbotograph by Mr. George Stephan, of Denver.

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ex od into the body of Patrolman Harry: Oble im|| "end Is Horrog fa ages
evember; 1928} Mrs. Ohle and the little girl are pictured here. ————_ zee. “ae
= 3 : pa LA cmarme |
. “Hello, Daddy Ohjel*

|

A little eurly-haired girl was talkingsinte her toy telephone| 2 :
ing bedroom of - eae are y secur Bilkmore: street
. > After much pretense at

1° She talked briefly of Ives'amd 4 “Sleaghtet of
{ execution—then only a few hours off. bleed. hed
"Policemen eeenack society, the.


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m of the Ambrican Natibnal Livestock
ion in. De n Jan. 16 werefrirtuaBy cqmplete Satur
th the anfiouncement of the pypgram for/the three-day

e hospi al ed
Father Barrett ac ecompanied them. ' bent, he walked. erect; heed uy, with
= firm and. simoet jaunty sas

AE G. o'clock: lights inside. “thee Prison, v ere: "cxtideuisheds as
sual. ‘The official witnesses—Manager of. Safety Reuben *

fershey of Denver, Chief Louis N, Srherf and Officer. Roy’ Beat acs Crawford if he had enything r md remo eart.
the state law enforcement | bureau, Dr. RoE. Holmes, prison} to say, Ives replied: eS : witnesses were esgorted

a Creator. TER
bVsiciaus end Dr, Alexander Waroshill of Florence—assembled at confessor Father és i ; Peteot, by: the same troute| °

lence. “They ined -there by Depu tale on gving, ta They ¢

sidene hey ower e er

he warden’s residenee, ¥. were  joinee re by pass gentlemen (referring to the wit-[Z adits were returned taltnerr; a! a

Farden WG i. Grreen and: a half dozen. guards; a ; Soh eanes) 4 3 or And the qpiet whick had}

At the Nroke of 10 o'clock, as the , until the removal of the Lamar ban- - Asked if he haw any further stat - | settled pver the prison ep “Sghts; .

~ bandit re. being: removed | dits hid been completed. Bo ment, Ives said: _[Oum™ orger was obeyed at 9 p. om pact
bic eel hS ah ofticiat | Ae s00n gs ithe: Lanmao! t pal “Tm. innocent.” “T've nothing to say tired Aundisturbed. : (

‘ been’ removed from the. deathhouse, | €xcept that: r love you and every:

pdt eaded by. Warden ‘Cray ford, | | Ives, who had” remained in the hos- bgp :

tered the west gate. Silently,. they | bital with the chaplain, was marched} _ guards: started: to put. the

arched along the north side of the: ¢ Back and into the execution chamber. hiack. cap over his head and to ad-|

irtition wall to the tower at the just the noose around his neck, Ives
ecution house. They entered. the IVES. WALKS ERECT, handed his crucifix to Father Bar-

‘thru the tower, out of sight of | WITH HEAD UP. > brett. The chaplain heres the pray r
eryone inside the’ prison: -‘Rrounds «Buoved- a lous fervor, Ives! for the dying. .
vel th on 1 transf i le sha Behind the >


H sab tis eat: mares rae’ ba poageae
‘The party stopped under the mocee: |
which dangled: from the ‘celltsg: of
}| tee execution room. Asked by War-
. eSiewiore Te he: had. sagthing |

}} you, Warden Crawford. E leve =
erm Ronlacerts betes tu the wit-

“Au Use: piasca started te ‘the| fey
|f Black: cap over his head and th ad-
Just the noose around his: neck; Ives
banded his: crucifix to Father Bar-| ¥
HT rete... The chaplain. began the prayer- p
| tee- the dying. s oe x SE aan ee

peehingd | he wooden screen, the ex

“Hello, Daddy ong os A | tite ne fan 3 there ook the

‘Judge’

A little curly-haired gal w was = talkicy ‘into her ee release
ee ‘a bedroom of her creates s ee ae 05, Fillniore street !
Friday. night, 2 Bes: 2

Ts been’ a dood ‘dirt all day, Daddy,
Ohie.” she continued gaily. “Tf love
you. Whe: are white ne to see;

Ear pe with alittle acieal. of delight | 5
into the: arma of her pretty, black-|

- determine’ whether}
| insane. slace his :

motst ‘her eyes" an ‘she clasped
oem nightly rt to her. re Natphoeeean