New Jersey, H (Hauptmann), 1931-1991

STARTLING DETECTIVE, November, 1932 }
America Has Fallen Down On

The Lindbergh Murder Case!

America HAS fallen down on the Lindbergh kidnaping!

What is being done about it!

Is the file gathering dust somewhere in the archives of the
New Jersey state police or is the investigation being actively
prosecuted in every detective bureau in every police department
in the country? :

_ The birth of Colonel Lindbergh’s second son has warmed the
hearts of all of us who kept the death watch with him upon the
disappearance of little Charles Augustus, Jr.

America is not safe for this second Lindbergh child and
will not be until the dastards, who stole that other little
one away and left it dead within a few miles of its home,
have been dragged out of their sinister hiding places and
brought to book for the horror crime of a century!

Colonel Lindbergh and his wife were once reported on the point
of going abroad to live. His leaving this land—because we fail to
protect our citizens—would be a black indictment of the whole
American police system. Yet what has American officialdom
actually accomplished to assure the hero of the New York-to-
Paris flight that it is not necessary for him to seek safety for his
family elsewhere?

Till the Lindbergh kidnaping murderers have been found and
brought face to face with the wrath of the nation and what majesty
remains of its law, Colonel and Mrs. Lindbergh’s living son must
forever be guarded from a menace that still exists.

Is this the penalty that Lindbergh must pay for a brilliant act
of heroism that bound together two continents with the fervor of
good will? Is this our reward for a man who unselfishly acted as our
flying ambassador to France, South America, Mexicoand other lands?

America owes much to Lindbergh. The least that it:can do to pay
that debt is to give him assurance of safety for himself and for his
family. We must not rest until the killers of his child are punished!
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(1) Baby Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr. (2) Dr. John F. Condon became

the “Jafsie” of the case, acting as intermediary between Colonel Lindbergh

(3) and the kidnaper. (4 and 5) Want ads used in establishing contact.
(6) Spot where the child’s body was found.

24

THis magazine, since that fearful
night in March, 1932, when little
Charles Augustus Lindbergh was
snatched from the nursery of the family
home near Hopewell, N. J., has followed
the mystery with keenest interest. Real-
izing that the case had elements which
gave it universal appeal, we have at-
tempted to present, from time to time, de-
tailed accounts of important angles as
they developed.

Several months ago, it will be recalled,
this magazine alone predicted the early
arrest of a suspect in the case, coming so
close to the actual date that the story was
on the newsstands when Bruno Richard
Hauptmann was taken into custody.

Now, believing that readers will wel-
come a chronological review of the case
in permanent form, complete to the date
of going to press, the following concise
account is presented.—THeE EpiTor.

1932

March 1. Twenty-months-old Charles
Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., born June 22.
1930, kidnaped from home near Hope-
well, N. J. Footprints, ladder, chisel and
ransom note found.

March 2. Postcard mailed in Newark
substation, addressed: ‘Chas. Linberg,
Princeton, N. J.,” reading: “Baby safe.
Instructions later. Act accordingly.”

March 3, Lindberghs receive threaten-
ing letter, postmarked New York, re-
newing ransom demands of $50,000.

March 4. Police learn of Betty Gow’s
friendship with Henry ‘“Red’’ Johnson,
yacht deckhand. Discover Johnson dis-
appeared from Englewood rooming house
the morning after the kidnaping. John-
son taken in custody at Hartford, Conn.,
later released.

March 5. Lindberghs issue statement
asking personal contact with snatchers.
promising no retributive measures will
be taken.

March 7. Mrs. Evalyn Walsh Mc-
Lean, society matron, turns over $104,000
of personal fortune to Gaston B. Means,
notorious swindler, on kidnap tip.

March 8. Dr. John F. (Jafsie) Con-
don enters case. Gives interview to
Bronx Home News.. Offers to act as
intermediary and adds $1,000 of savings
to ransom total.

March 9, Jafsie’s message bears fruit.
Snatchers offer to treat with him if
officially named. Denominations of ran-
som bills named. Money box measure-
ments given and ransom raised from 50
to 70 thousand dollars.

March 10. John Hughes Curtis, Nor-
folk, Va., ship builder, announces he has
contacted kidnapers. Says baby is on
boat in Chesapeake Bay.

STARTLING DETECTIVE

STARTLING DETECTIVE, April, 1935

March 1]

gotiations.

sona]”’ ad: “
March 12

to Jafsie. F

don goes to h
rock directir
tery. Meets
“John.” Th
John says b«
as kidnaper
shown him t
baby’s blank
March 14
message: ~
No secret s
alone like las
March 15
mailed from
letter to Li:
for $70,000
baby will be
money is rec
March 17
ad requestin
simultaneous
baby. No re
March 1
Home News
John. You
1s delivered
March 20
to still anot!
can get imp
Jafsie.”
March 29
mands paym
ransom will
March 31
capitulate.
cept. Mone
April l. °
Jafsie. It di
turn over rar
April 2.
It instructs (
nursery, get
Jafsie follow
to St. Raym
$50,000 to m
ing baby is
Head, Marth
April 3.
over Martha
for kidnap b:
April 4. |
search. Fi
makes appea
Savings Ban
[Con

(7) Brun
arrested i
ington, N
courtroon
of New

(10) Eye

ADVENTU

tech,

e, since that fearful
ch, 1932, when little
tus Lindbergh was
nursery of the family
ell, N. J., has followed
-eenest interest. Real-
e had elements which
appeal, we have at-
, from time to time, de-
‘ important angles as

ago, it will be recalled,
ne predicted the carly
in the case, coming so
date that the story was
when Bruno Richard
iken into custody.

that readers will wel-
cal review of the case
1, complete to the date
the following concise
‘d.—THE EpITor.

1932

ity-months-old Charles
gh, Jr., born June 22.
om home near Hope-
‘ints, ladder, chisel and

card mailed in Newark
sed: “Chas. Linberg,
reading: “Baby safe.
Act accordingly.”
erghs receive threaten-
irked New York, re-
mands of $50,000.
e learn of Betty Gow’s
fenry “Red’’ Johnson.
Discover Johnson dis-
zlewood rooming house
the kidnaping. John-
dy at Hartford, Conn.,

berghs issue statement
ontact with snatchers,
-ibutive measures will

5. Evalyn Walsh Mc-
on, turns over $104,000
ie to Gaston B. Means,
r, on kidnap tip.
John F, (Jafsie) Con-
Gives interview to
‘ws. Offers to act as
adds $1,000 of savings

ie’s message bears fruit.
to treat with him if
Denominations of ran-
Money box measure-
ransom raised from 50
lars.
in Hughes Curtis, Nor-
ilder, announces he has
vers. Says baby is on
ke Bay.

RTLING DETECTIVF

March 11. Jafsie begins ransom ne-
gotiations. Bronx paper carries “per-
sonal” ad: “Money is ready. Jafsie.”

March 12. Taxi driver delivers note
to Jafsie. Following instructions, Con-
don goes to hot dog stand, finds note under
rock directing him to Woodlawn ceme-
tery. Meets man with foreign accent—
“John.” They go to Van Cortlandt park.
John says boy is on boat, proves identity
as kidnaper by identifying safety pins
shown him by Jafsie as those used to pin
baby’s blanket to crib mattress.

March 14-15. Bronx paper carries
message: “Money is ready. No cops.
No secret service. No press. I come
alone like last time. Please call. Jafsie.”

March 15. Jafsie gets sleeping suit,
mailed from Brooklyn. Accompanying
letter to Lindbergh reiterates demands
for $70,000 .. . indicates whereabouts of
baby will be revealed eight hours after
money is received.

March 17. Bronx Home News carries
ad requesting C. O. D. arrangement—
simultaneous exchange of money and
baby. No reply.

March 18. Another ad in Bronx
Home News: “T accept. Money is ready,
John, Your package (the sleeping suit)
is delivered O. K. Direct me.”

March 20. Silence of abductors leads
to still another ad: “Inform me how I
can get tmportant letter to you. Urgent.
Jafsie.”

March 29. Letter from abductors de-
mands payment of $70,000 by April 8 or
ransom will be raised to $100,000.

March 31. Lindbergh and advisers
capitulate. Ad in Bronx paper: “J ac-
cept. Money is ready. Jafsie.”

April 1. Taxi driver delivers letter to
Jafsie. It directs him to be prepared to
turn over ransom money following night.

April 2. Another taxi driver letter.
It instructs Condon to go to Bronx flower
nursery, get note under stone. Lindy,
Jafsie follow directions. Jafsie proceeds
to St. Raymond’s cemetery, hands over
$50,000 to mystery man. Gets letter say-
ing baby is on boat anchored off Gay
Head, Martha's Vineyard.

April 3. Lindbergh flies amphibian
over Martha’s Vineyard in futile search
for kidnap boat.

April 4. Lindbergh continues hopeless
search. First of ransom certificates
makes appearance. Passed in East River
Savings Bank, Manhattan.

[Continued on page 69]

(7) Bruno Richard Hauptmann as he appeared when
arrested in New York. (8) Brought to trial at Flem-
ington, N. J., Hauptmann, closely guarded, enters the
courtroom. (9) David T. Wilentz, attorney general
of New Jersey, personally directed the prosecution.
(10) Eyes of the world centered on the Flemington

courthouse as the trial progressed.

ADVENTURES z

oe , ; |

snakes along

out of the
The stalking
shotguns.

il two eerie
t ahead.

el” he cried.
ed toward his

shed and the
ning in pain,
1e other man,
1 no connec-
nerely struck
-issel, started
was brought
nd.

closed in on
ore and water
' the biggest
!

gton, an offi-
ssness, threw
door of the

His sub-
suching form
2 man inside.
the works,”

ds and in a
rit was he,
rists.

lis lamb-like

: duck hunt-
you'd have

‘evens—
the San
—nis captors
in the shack,
tripped from
Street bank

‘d upon the

is head the
this man be
nich he has
n hand stay
we may see
ess in Thy
nd the Jury
Amen.”

{ for fifteen
the French
others that
s for years.
1: “There’s
the French
dreamed it

confession
“May God
ad the trap
wer stayed
ice, and at
was pro-

ler unborn
itence was
After
ed out

April 6. Double-cross certain. Bronx
Home News carries ad: “What is wrong?
Have you crossed me? Please, better di-
rections. Jafsie.”

April 9. Flier issued, giving numbers
of ransom notes.

April 23. Still hoping against hope,
Lindbergh puts out to sea with John
Curtis, Norfolk ship builder, to make
supposed kidnap contact. No results.

May 5. Gaston B. Means arrested in
Washington for his part in McLean-
Lindbergh swindle.

May 12. Body of child identified as
the missing Lindbergh baby found in
brush along Mount Rose road, about
four miles from the Lindbergh estate
by William Allen and Orville Williams.

May 17. John Curtis confesses to
hoax in kidnap case.

June 10. Violet Sharpe, maid in the
Morrow home at Englewood, commits
suicide as she is about to be questioned
a third time by officers.

June 14. Means is found guilty of
theft of $104,000 from Mrs. McLean,
gets fifteen-year prison term.

June 27. John Curtis goes on trial.
Is later given one-year suspended: sen-
tence and fined $1,000,

Investigation moves slowly. Ransom
bills appear at scattered intervals.

1933

April 5, President Roosevelt launches
anti-gold-hoarding campaign, calls in all
gold certificates and makes passage of
ransom bills more noticeable.

In fall of 1933, J. Edgar Hoover, di-
rector of Division of Investigation, De-
partment of Justice, forms special New
York squad, detailed to the Lindbergh
investigation, headed by Thomas H.
Sisk.

Map record is kept of bill appearances
with colored pins to determine focation
of abductor.

1934

Pin-dotted map begins to narrow
locale down to section of Bronx, New
York City.

Sept. 15. Man passes ransom note at
New York gas station. Attendant jots
down license number of car. Federal
men trail owner.

Sept. 18. Bruno Richard Hauptmann,
Bronx carpenter, arrested as passer of
ransom bills.

Sept. 20. Officers discover $13,750 in
ransom bills hidden in Hauptmann’s
garage.

Sept. 25. Investigators find Condon’s
address and phone number, in Haupt-
mann's handwriting, on panel in closet
at Bruno’s home.

Sept. 26, Hauptmann is arraigned on
extortion charges and held in bail set
at $100,000.

Oct. 8. Grand jury of Hunterdon
county, New Jersey, indicts Hauptmann
for the kidnap-murder of Baby Lind-
bergh.

Oct. 19. Hauptmann is rushed to New
Jersey under heavy guard after losing
extradition fight.

‘directed verdict of acquittal.

ks id

page 2 :

}

1935

Jan. 2, Hauptmann goes on trial for
his life at Flemington, N. J, charged
with the murder of Lindbergh’s son.

Jan. 3. Anne Lindbergh takes stand,
tells of fatal night, identifies child’s
sleeping suit.

Jan. 4. Col. Lindbergh. testifies, ac-
cuses Hauptmann as his son’s abductor,
says Hauptmann’s was voice he heard
in St. Raymond’s cemetery calling “Hey,
Doctor,” to Jafsie when money was paid.

Jan. 7. Betty Gow, baby’s nurse,
grilled. Describes tragedy, her subse-
quent finding of baby’s thumbguard.

Jan. 8. Amandus Hochmuth, Lind-
bergh neighbor, identifies Hauptmann
as man seen near the Lindbergh estate
on day of kidnaping. Joseph Perrone,
New York taxi driver, puts finger on
Hauptmann as man who gave him note
to deliver to Dr. Condon.

Jan. 9 Jafsie thrice identifies Haupt-
mann as the “John” to whom he paid
$50,000 ransom for dead baby. Defense
asks mistrial. Denied.

Jan. 11. Albert S. Osborn. veteran
handwriting expert, says Hauptmann
wrote all ransom notes.

Jan. 15. Third and fourth handwriting
experts identify Hauptmann as writer
of ransom notes.

Jan. 17. Special federal agent Thomas
H. Sisk describes finding of ransom bills
in garage. Hauptmann shouts: “Stop
lying!” State depicts finding of child’s
body. Dr. Charles H. Mitchell, Mercer
county physician, says baby died of
fractured skull.

Jan. 21. Hauptmann’s Wall Street
operations described ‘by William E.
Frank, treasury agent. State shows
Hauptmann quit job after day of ran-
som. Second defense demand for mis-
trial denied.

Jan. 23. Wood expert, Arthur J.
Koehler, says Bruno’s plane fashioned
kidnap ladder. Testifies ladder upright
was part of Hauptmann’s attic floor.

Jan. 24. State rests. Defense asks
Denied.
Hauptmann takes stand, cites alibi.

Jan. 25. Hauptmann makes blanket
denial of charges. Denies ever seeing
baby, collecting money, taking part in
ransom hoax. Admits handwriting in
little red book showing word “boat”
misspelled “boad.”

Jan. 28. Bruno admits lying about
ransom money when first arrested. De-
nies writing Jafsie number on closet
board, says ladder and window sketches
in notebook not his work. Admits delay
in counting “Fisch” ransom money.

Jan. 29. Hauptmann cross examina-
tion ends. Bruno unshaken, maintains
innocence,

Jan. 30. Mrs. Hauptmann swears to
alibi dates, trips on ransom shoebox
story. Surprise witness places Bruno in
Bronx bakery on kidnap night.

Jan. 31. Fresh witnesses bolster
Hauptmann alibi. Defense qualifies
John M. Trendley, first handwriting ex-
pert.

Feb. 1. Trendley says Hauptmann
did not write ransom notes. Defense
throws kidnap suspicion on Violet
Sharpe and Isador Fisch, deceased.

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THANK You For MENTIONING STARTLING DErEctIVE ADVENTURES 69


The real story behind the

LINDBERGH

Tur Srory So Far:

THE Lindbergh kidnap capture aroused more interest and
intense sympathy than any other criminal case of all time.
While the world closely followed the trial, during -the last
winter, there were necessarily many inside details that were
not brought out in court.

As a special investigator for this magazine I worked on the
Lindbergh case from the beginning. Many inner facts about
the case are now related, which the Editors had held back in
the interest of justice until the case was tried.

In our last. installment, the story of Hauptmann’s dramatic
arrest was told—as well as the discovery of a great deal of
incriminating evidence found at his home. We left Haupt-
mann as he was being interrogated by members of the De-
partment of Justice, State and police officials, and a mys-
terious, silent observer who kept his face partly hidden.

Tur Srory CONTINUES:

—Part THREE—

HE man staring
at Bruno Richard
Hauptmann, the
man wearing the
tortoise rimmed glasses
and the cap pulled down
over his forehead was
America’s most famous

Special Investigator for
TRUE DETECTIVE

private citizen—Colonel Charles Augustus Lindbergh. As
the kidnap suspect was led from the room, Colonel Lindbergh
repeated to District Attorney Samuel J. Foley: “Yes, Mr.
Foley, that’s the man. That’s the man who collected the
ransom. I have a pretty good pair of ears—from listening
for any defect in the motor while flying, you know—and
I’d never forget that voice. As a matter of fact, I was par-
ticularly on the alert for it that night, that night when the
ransom money was paid over by Dr. Condon. I made it a
point to remember its every inflection.”

Colonel Lindbergh, it will be recalled, had driven up to St.
Raymond’s Cemetery in the Bronx district of New York City
on the night of April 2nd—more than a month after the Lind-
bergh baby was kidnapped—and murdered—with Dr. John
F. (Jafsie) Condon. The intermediary had paid over to
“Cemetery John” the sum of fifty thousand dollars, with the
false guarantee that the child would be found on a boat off
Cape Cod, Massachusetts. ‘That child was not found on a
boat, but was found murdered and buried within four miles

of the Lindbergh estate
at Hopewell, New Jer-

By ALAN HYND jf...

the behest of the ran-

som negotiator, looked

under a flagstone near

the cemetery for final in-

structions as the place

of the grim rendezvous,

and found a note tell-

ing him to walk through

a lane in the cemetery.

Colonel Lindbergh sat in the

coupe in which he and Condon

drove to the graveyard from

Condon’s home and distinctly

heard a voice, not twenty-

five feet distant, calling to

Condon: ‘‘Hey, Docktor!
Hey, Docktor!”

District Attorney Foley, a
scrupulous man who wanted
no hint of prejudice to enter
the case, looked hard at
Colonel Lindbergh. ‘You are
certain, Colonel — absolutely
certain—”’ he asked, “that
it was Hauptmann’s voice
you heard in the cemetery
that night?”

Colonel Lindbergh, now that
disguise was no longer neces-
sary, removed the horn-
rimmed glasses and the cap.
“Yes,” he said calmly, just
as calmly as he had flown
the Atlantic five years pre-

mann’s voice.”

Thus the German carpenter
from the Bronx had_ been
identified by five key figures
in the investigation: Colonel
Lindbergh, Dr. Condon, Miss

Little Manfred Hauptmann, with
his mother, waiting in the jail
reception room to see the ac-
cused Hauptmann, for the first
time since the trial had started

viously, “that was Haupt- ©


K.

Accused of swindling Mrs. Edward B. McLean of $100,000 on the false pretense
that he was dealing\with the Lindbergh kidnapers, Gaston B. Means, former
Department of Justice agent (shown with newspaper men), was jailed in Wash-

‘ington. Means is a co-author of the book, “The

trange Death of President

S
Harding,” lately exposed in STARTLING DETECTIVE ADVENTURES.

thought of the necessity for means of
identifying himself that would bring
instant attention in spite of the mass of
mail that was bound to deluge the
Lindbergh family.

While at first the description of the
symbol seemed jumbled, it was later
recognized that this description, while
it would make possible easy identifica-
tion of the proper symbol, made it
virtually impossible for anyone who had
not seen the symbol to produce it from
the description.

Almost, it seemed, the kidnap-chief
had guarded against the very slip that
allowed some word of this Sahel to
leak out.

The last line, “Don’t publish this
letter,” was again succinct. It was
couched in American vernacular with
its use of the abbreviation “don’t,” and
yet this might be the first such con-
traction a foreigner would learn.

Traces Of Criminal Genius

AKEN all in all, there was a very

slight indication that two persons
had composed the ransom note, one
suggesting clear,, crisp, English sen-
tences; the other attempting to write
‘them but falling into Germanic expres-
sions. Still, it was by no means im-
possible and indeed it was highly
probable that the whole was the work
of one man well educated in German
but imperfect in his command of
English.

It had been suggested from the first
that the kidnaping was the work of a
madman or an illiterate of the Sourland
mountain country with revenge as_ his
motive. A study of the ransom letter
drew an entirely different picture.

Orderly thought was: distinctly in-.

dicated in spite of difficulties with the
language. . The calibre of the mind
which composed the message was

56

clearly evident when those who after-

wards saw the signature symbol tried

to describe it as the writer had tried.
The picture of the man drawn from

the ransom note was. next checked-

against the characteristics seen in the
construction of the ladder used in the
kidnaping. © ;

Since the footprints of at least two
men had been found at the scene of the
kidnaping, there was the possibility that
another kidnaper had made the ladder.
But the more the ladder was studied
the more it appeared that the same
careful, economical type’ of work had
gone into its carefully fitted parts that
had gone into the devising of the ran-
som symbol and into the ransom note.
\ If it could be decided that one mind
had conceived and one pair of hands
had executed the two tasks, the picture
of the kidnap leader grew clearer than
before.

Materials from which the ladder had
been made were studied in the hope of
tracing them to their source but it was
found that even here the master crimi-
nal had outwitted the detectives. Three
or four possible sources for the timbers
were quickly found and it seemed
presently hopeless ‘to decide whether
one of these or some other had been
used. But this went only to ¢onfirm
the belief that a keen mind had counted
on every contingency, knowing that the
ladder must be left behind with the
ransom note.

The ladder itself was a three-section
affair and seemed to have been fashioned
eappennty for the task in hand.

t was very carefully put together
with .evidences of skilled workmanship.
It was fashioned so that. it might carry

.a maximum of weight with a minimum
of size. The rungs were set into the,

stringers in a manner’ which again
hinted: of old world efficiency and care
in construction.

OMNES ET INRT TITRE ON “OORT

Whoever had made the ladder had
not nailed it hurriedly together but had
eprepared it as carefully as other parts
of the plan had been prepared.

All this pointed still in the direction
of the German workman, the book-
keeper, bank clerk, mechanical draughts-
man, well educated in his own language
whose mind was capable of planning for
every contingency, even a slip by the
police.

And to the picture was now added
the detail that made him appear to be a
skilled wood-worker, a man who when
he made a ladder did so with much

_ greater care than the ordinary Ameri-

can or any person who might be found
living in the Sourland mountains.
In addition to this there was the

‘obvious deduction that this. man was

not large in stature. He was not the
robust, full-figured German of popular
conception, hy?

Because the ladder was small and
light. No large man would have con-
sidered it strong enough or steady
enough to trust himself upon in so
delicate a mission.

A larger man would have made a
larger ladder—unless it had been his
intention to require others to do his

- climbing for him.

Some of the footprints—the carefully
smudged or stockinged footprints—
found about the foot of the ladder bore
out this point. At least one of the men
was very small. In fact, it was at first
supposed that one of the kidnapers was
a woman and other evidence has
strengthened this theory.

There was.a strong possibility, always
in the minds of the investigators
through the entire investigation, that a
woman had gone first up the ladder and
entered the Lindbergh nursery. There
was a chance that a boy might have
been: the other kidnaper at the scene.

But in either event, it was considered
likely from the first that a helper had
gone into the room, had taken the child
with care to stifle any possible outcry,

vand had handed it to the master kid-

naper on the ladder outside the window.

That meant that the maker of the
ladder had probably been the second
man to mount it if he was not actually
the first. In either case he must have
been a small man and he must have had
at least one small accomplice. Large
men could have had ‘no place in his
plans for the actual kidnaping.

More than that, to use so small a
ladder, the kidnaper must have been at
one time or another accustomed to such
climbing. This indicated either a car-
penter or a sailor. Taken with the care-
ful construction of the ladder, the car-
penter theory was first to suggest itself.

But few carpenters are accustomed to
entrust themselves to frail ladders. They
work on strong, heavy rounds or on
sturdy scaffolds. Surely a carpenter
would have made a larger ladder if only
because most ladders are larger.

A sailor, on the other hand, accus-

tomed to rope climbing might find the
type of ladder used more than ample for
his purposes. At once the thought of
a ship’s carpenter suggested itself.

At about this point, the experts began

to consider that they might be dealing ©

with two outstanding. principals, that
one man was the German bank clerk,
bookkeeper or mechanical draughtsman
and the other was an undersized ship’s
carpenter or sailor with training in
woodworking.

Some of the bit
ladder suggested a
traction and such ar
in mind.

In genera e
that ppondgg i :

nged to
— sAcueted that
man custom ot € \
man had once be
prentice. .

Did The Kille:

N THE meant
I print evidence |.
window sill outsid
on objects insid
seemed to be the
men and the the
that two small np
made up the kid
that was strong!
entire investigat

There was on
the ladder, ho
baffled the inves
tions were not :
peared to have

Its rungs were !

stringers. The}

It was arguec
naper had mad
all. He had m
for its purpose
a section.

Had the met
take everythin
the windows hi
on? Had a pre
to take the ch
the ladder was

These were
finally decided
caused the ti
been built lo:
mariner to re
not long eno
to hand dowr

The third s
been h--*!~ <
agains

tion ol

And ov
sinister disc
added a new
of the maste

A. brutal,
baby-slayer

figure of t

burning, sna

high round
apelike ear:
the mental

of all that °

And it ¥
authorities
chapter of
written.

The pict:
Hughes Ci
folk hoax.
who had eg
desperatel)
face of fai
remark th
the Lindb

Taken

cock, a N

Rear Ad:

larged o1

later con
narrative
ous ocea
failure ©

ade the ladder had
lly together but had
fully as other parts
1 prepared.

still in the direction
orkman, the book-
nechanical draughts-
in his own language
rable of planning for
even a slip by the

re was now added
him appear to be a
» @ man who when
did so with much
he ordinary Ameri-
vho might be found
d mountains.
his there was the
that this man was
He was not the
German of popular

er was small and
n would have con-
enough or steady
mself upon in so

ould have made a
3 it had been his
others to do his

rints—the carefully
nged footprints—
the ladder bore
ne of the men
it was at first
e kidnapers was
er evidence has
ory.
possibility, always
the investigators
vestigation, that a
up the ladder and
1 nursery. There
boy might have
per at the scene.
it was considered
that a helper had
ad taken the child
y possible outcry,
the master kid-
tside the window.
1é maker of the
been the second
was not actually
ise he must have
he must have had
complice. Large
no place in his
idnaping.
use so small a
ust have been at
customed to such
ted either a car-
en with the care-
ladder, the car-
to suggest itself.
re accustomed to
ail ladders. They
y rounds or on
ely a carpenter
rer ladder if only
-e larger.
ier hand, accus-
zy might find the
‘e than ample for
the thought of
sted itself.
1e experts began
ight be dealing
incipals, that
bank clerk,
raughtsman
Tiuersized ship’s
ith training in

Some of the bits of work on the
ladder suggested a man of Italian ex-
traction and such an individual was kept
in mind. t

In general, however, it was believed
that the characteristics so far discovered
belonged to one man and the theory
was advanced that, after the old Ger-
man custom of education in trades, the
man had once been a carpenter’s ap-
prentice.

Did The Killer Make One Slip?

1% THE meantime, however, finger-
print evidence had been found on the
window sill outside the child’s room and
on objects inside the room. These
seemed to be the fingerprints of small
men and the theory then was formed
that two small men and a woman had
made up the kidnaping party, a theory
that was strongly held throughout the
entire investigation.

There was one discovery concerning
the ladder, however, which at first
baffled the investigators. Its three sec-
tions were not all alike. One part ap-
peared to have been added hurriedly.
Its rungs were not countersunk into the
stringers. They were nailed on.

It was argued from this that the kid-
naper had made a miscalculation after
all. He had made his ladder too short
for its purpose. Then he had added
a section.

Had the meticulous planner failed to
take everything into account? Were
the windows higher than he had counted
on? Had a previous attempt been made
to take the child only to discover that
the ladder was too short?

These were possibilities, but it was
finally decided that sailor training had
caused the trouble. The ladder had
been built long enough for an active
mariner to reach the window but was
not long enough to enable him safely
to hand down his burden. f

The third section, it was. decided, had
been hastily constructed as a precaution
against failure rather than as rectifica-
tion of an error.

And so matters stood when the
sinister discovery of the dead baby
added a new perspective to the picture
of the master criminal.

A. brutal, cold-blooded, calculating

_ baby-slayer stood revealed in the small

figure of the man sought. Narrow,
burning, snakelike eyes, thin vicious lips,
high round forehead and tight, small,
apelike ears obtruded themselves into
the mental picture of the man in spite
of all that the investigators could do.
And it was such a man whom the
authorities were seeking when the latest

chapter of the Lindbergh case was.

written.

The picture in no way resembled John
Hughes Curtis who confessed the Nor-
folk hoax. Curtis was a boat builder
who had gone “broke.” He was trying
desperately to bolster his morale in the
face of failure and experimented with a
remark that he had been approached by
the Lindbergh kidnapers.

Taken seriously by H. Dobson-Pea-
cock, a Norfolk minister, and by retired
Rear Admiral Guy H. Burrage, he en-
larged on the story according to his
later confession and created a whole
narrative of bootleg boats and mysteri-
ous ocean rendezvous which after the
failure of the “Jafsie” negotiations in

the Bronx drew Colonel Lindbergh into
a series of wild goose chases at sea.

The Means Fiasco

CATS MEANS did not fit the
picture. He was too big to be the
master mind and he had no record as a
killer. So far as could be learned, his
connection with the case was also in the
imagination.

Knowing that Mrs. Edward B. Mc-

Lean, estranged wife of the Washington
newspaper publisher, had lost her first
child in an automobile accident, he is
said to have entered her service to re-
cover the Lindbergh baby.
"He told of being approached by a
former fellow convict and urged to
commit the crime himself some time
before. Disappearing on a hunt for this
man, Means presently returned with
word that he had been found, that the
ex-convict had the baby and that it
would require $50,000 for the kidnaper
and $50,000 for himself to restore the
child.

According to Mrs. McLean, Means
made at least twenty promises to return
the baby within twenty-four hours and
once declared he had held the child in
his arms. She declared she gave him
the money and that he later promised
to repay it but returned to say that he
had been accosted by an agent repre-
senting himself as coming from her and
had turned the money over to him.

He was arrested some ten days be-
fore the dead baby was found.

There seemed finally to be nothing to
do but watch currency numbers for
clues to the bloody-handed kidnaper.
Readers of Startuinc Detective ApvEN-
murEs have been advised by police offi-
cers to concentrate on a small group of
the numbers and such a group is given
herewith.. They are all numbers of $5
bills paid to the kidnaper through
“Jafsie” in the hideous negotiations in
which the slayer promised return of the
baby long after the child’s death.

Plate’ Plate
Letter Number Letter Number
D B 22276900 A | K B 25650725 A
K B 22285301 A} B B 25657322 A
L B 22392498 A| BE B 25666433 A
D B 22675870 A} D B 25672312 A
D B 22693846 Aj A B 257536
D B 22699240 A | H B 25769366 A
D B 22745886 A | H B 25798240 A
Cc B 22754241 A} H B 25793456 A
B , B 22757108 A | G B 25799551 A
2 B 22766439 A | K B 25803521 A
I B 22767081 A| G B 25857397 A
B B 22910510 A | B B 25895546 A
¥F 22982678 A | G B 26006245 A
I B 23046183 A | K B 26008157 A
L B 23046960 A | H B 26019956 A
L B 23050908 A| K B 26020637 A
mf B 23056288 A | H B 26085826 A
G B 28057299 A | K B 26060423 A
I B 23 AiG B 26062591 A
I B 23 A\|C B 26119221 A
K B 230 A\|F B 26385210 A
H B 23075144 A) A B 26886875 A
F B 23108762 A| B B 26893624 A
D A 28150542 A | F B 26895092 A
Cc B 23162889 A | J. B 26432770 A
J B 28206852 A.| G B 26453275 A
L B 23216863 Aj B B 26547758 A
I B 28220591 A| G B 26689723 A
H B 23269094 A | C B 26768163 A
D A 28270248 A | A B 26796127 A
J B 28277208 A| A ¢ B 26813023 A
P| A 23805684 A | ¥ B 26829816 A
G B 28652271 Aj C B 26887325 A
K B. 23657567 A | D B 26887886 A
a B 23663131 A | B B 26839862 A
L B 23676408 A| G B 26857315 A
K B 23690405 A | I B 26859579 A
H B 23715518 A | J B 26867104 A
.E B 23816273 A | K B 26872991 A
¥F B 23826246 A | G B 26876035 A
Cc B 23827263 A| L B 26881026 A
E B 23833607 A | K B 26881667 A
B B 23885122 A | H B 26883680 A
a B 23846839 A | K B 26886761 A
Fj B 28348906 A | H B 26897594
¥F B 23987862 A | K B 26901197 A
Cc B 24048783 A | K B 26905727 A
A B 24053221 A | G ‘B 26909389 A
Cc A 24056409 A | G B 26913067 A
I B 24067269 A | 1 B 26915025 A
I B 24069128 A | I A 26954535 A
K B 24074608 A | D B 26987248 A

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Tuanx You For MENTIONING STARTLING DerectivE ADVENTURES 57


A sea of eager,

curious faces milled

around the front of the

Union Hotel, at Flem-

ington, New Jersey, on Lin-

coln’s Birthday, just before the
court recessed

Cecile Barr, ticket seller at the Sheridan Square Theater,
New York, where a man answering Hauptmann’s description
had passed one of the ransom bills a year before his arrest;
Millard Whited, a logger who lived in a ramshackle abode
rear the Lindbergh estate, and who told Captain John J.
Lamb, of the New Jersey State Police, less than cight hours
aiter the crime, that he had seen a man answering Haupt-
mann’s description loitering in the vicinity of the flier’s estate
about the time of the abduction; and by John Perrone, Bronx
taxi driver, who, after one look at the suspect in his cell,
immediately identified him as the man who had given him
a ransom letter to deliver to Dr. Condon during the height
of the ransom negotiations, Perrone receiving a dollar for a
fifty-cent trip.

Dr, Condon—the famous Jafsie—was, of course, the prin-

cipal witness in the case. When he talked with the kidnapper
and paid over the ransom in 1932, he was verging upon the
Biblical span of threescore and ten years of life and, despite
the fact that he appeared to be hale and hearty, the authori-
ties were taking no chances on losing his testimony in the
event that he should die before the kidnapper or kidnappers
were brought to trial.

‘And so a very peculiar thing was done. J. Edgar Hoover,
Director of the Dvision of Investigation, United States De-
partment of Justice, suggested that Jafsic make a phonographic
recording of his conversations with “Cemetery John,” so that,
in the event that Jafsie had been called to the Great Beyond
by the time an arrest was made and the ransom negotiator
was brought to trial, Jafsie’s voice would speak from the
grave. Grim business this! Everything about it was grim.

59


i. ala il ents

7 men have
pay both
le receives
orothers in
iem_ white
dens.
the young
When the
3 when the
they must
ive to have
s too great
ox the nar-
, and they

as the case
n A— and
Idaho.
venty with
d life too
‘ Ontario,
ore of the
ts. Finally

iming hair
ith coming
ng before
found her

place was

the suave
ret. Helen
s for three

om Louie
s produced
ul dreams
She ac-
d for-

ts.
time,
isiave the
he deadly

had won
out with

cattle,” he
ere. You
g money.”
ay witha
oo,
! give her
pleasant
less,

el of his
red Helen

Just off
1ey rented

. yellow
») buy the
‘n. Louie
ike a live-
the flam-
te breasts,

eee

fe dressed

gown of
zht in the
uated each

itbid each
lei Louie’s

ts were in
ind? Did
wuess and
redhaired
ire of his
to figure
n and red

of Hei
RING

" Louie’s scheming mind, there wasn’t time

to put it into action. Police swooped
down on the pair. Hei Louie faced the
Mann Act charge for taking Helen from
Idaho to Washington for an immoral
purpose.

He was sent to the Federal penitentiary

-at McNeil Island to serve a term of two

years starting in January, 1936, for his
crime against the redhaired beauty.

Indian Princess Is Victim

HITE girls are not the only ones

lured into the nefarious business.
From the prosecutor's files of King
county also comes the touching story of
the little Indian princess.

On the Muckleshoot Indian reserva-
tion in Washington, a young girl with
the blood of mighty warriors and the
heritage of princesses in her veins lived
with her parents. She was known as
Bernice M , although her Indian
aie was “Trembling Fawn.” She was
19,

Then came John Daniel White, known
to the government as an army deserter.
Police records listed him for grand lar-
ceny. He wooed little Trembling Fawn
and won her,

But the marriage was no sooner con-
summated than White began to boast
that “from now on I’m leading an easy
life. I married her to get away from
the law.” :

He took his shy Indian bride to
Tacoma where the houses of prostitution
were glad to get a different face for their
trade. Later he took her to Seattle and
she went into another house.

While she was in Seattle, an Indian
brave from the reservation came to the
city. He heard that the little princess
was being mistreated in the disorderly
house. He took the story back to the
reservation with him.

There was talk of revenge with toma-

hawks and scalping, but better judgment
prevailed among the older members.
They knew that those days had gone.
Instead they came to the prosecutor’s
office,

A raid on the house revealed that
Trembling Fawn was working there
along with the wife of a taxi driver and
the mother of two children. The madam
was also arrested. She was Virginia
Murphy, who already had five convic-
tions for running houses of ill fame.

And, so indefinitely go the cases from
the official records. Young girls faced
with poverty and given an opportunity
to obtain finery—or duped by the blind-
ing, trusting love of a worthless man—
or lured by dope—they form a steady
parade into the illicit business.

There is practically nothing that the
police can do about the horrible China
traffic. Once the girl leaves on the boat,
she’s lost forever. Too, the slavers have
worn her so weary and dragged her so
low that she is willing to make the tri
and would refuse to prosecute even if
found.

Prosecutor Warren Magnuson recently
stated:

“We know girls are being shipped to
the yellow vice dens but we are power-
less to stop it. Our only hope is to keep
the disorderly houses on the coast under
constant surveillance and save thé young
women before it is too late.”

It is with this same thought in mind
that this story of unfortunate young
girls—the house maids, the school girl,
the check girls, the Indian princess and
the others who have fallen into the hands
of the unscrupulous white slavers—has
been written. It is hoped that some
young woman may profit by their ghastly
experiences and. be saved from the wiles
of other seducers who would lead them
into a life of scarlet shame or, even
worse, the living death in the land of the
yellow men on the far side of the Pacific.

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The Mystery of the Slain Bride
A fascinating Minnesota love crime riddle
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Next Month

Did Hauptmann Die in the Chair?

[Continued from page 25]

walnut chair in which I had seen many
men jolted to doom.

In the opinion of most laymen it is the
terrific electrical voltage itself which liter-
ally burns the condemned man to death.
This is not so. The true pathological
effect of such a voltage of electricity pass-
ing through the human system is this:
The current when allowed, or induced, to
enter the body, (as is the case in inten-

‘tional electrocution), follows the blood

channels to every part of the body, and
also travels through the nervous system,
and seriously interferes with the central
nervous system, which is in the brain.
This causes a violent, spasmodic contrac-
tion of every muscle.in the body.

Now, the chest muscles which control
respiration are naturally affected and in
their contraction cause the victim to suffer
asphyxia. He is literally smothered to
death because the chest muscles will not
allow him to breathe. And, in addition to
this, the heart, also of muscular tissue, is
spasmodically contracted to such a de-
gree that it is impossible for it to continue
to function. Beside the asphyxia caused
by contraction of the chest muscles, the
severe contraction of the cardiac muscle
prevents circulation of the blood.

Contrary to the common supposition

DETECTIVE

that burns occur where the electrodes
contact the body because the electricity is
actually searing the flesh, the burns are
caused by the intense heat generated
within the body at the contact points owing
to the passage of the current into the
system. The body has a high, normal re-
sistance to electricity and unless conduc-
tion is aided or induced by abnormal
means such as continued contact, water,
etc., it is very often able to resist extreme-
ly high voltage. To facilitate this steady
contact is the purpose of the straps on
the walnut chair, When the first ter-
rific jolt is passed through the body of the
condemned. man it might, by the contrac-
tion of his muscles, throw him completely
free of the chair and thus spare him the
fate intended for him by the state. Thus,
the involuntary straining of the prisoner
at the straps which are designed to hold
him in rigid contact with the wires of
doom. Also for the purpose of inducing
a perfect conduction of the current
through the body, the electrodes are well
soaked in watet before being applied to
the man in the chair, This insures a rapid
and certain application of the lethal cur-
rent which will accomplish the desired
end—the death of the criminal.

When we entered the death chamber,

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COMING

A thrilling story of an infamous crime
mystery and the brilliant detective work
that solved it. Watch for

ON THE TRAIL OF WASHINGTON'S
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there was across the arms of the electric
chair a board fitted with bulbs. This is
an apparatus designed to test the effcc-
tuality of the device of death. Now as we,
the physicians, stood beside the chair in-
side a chain which separated the area
from the seated witnesses, the bulbs on
the board suddenly flashed, lighting up
the faces in the cold, white-washed room
with a sickly, gleaming pallor. Execu-
tioner Elliott was making final prepara-
tions for his grim task.

The silence had grown appalling. We
had plenty of time to think of the man
who had been sitting only a few feet from
the door of this death chamber for many
months. Since the previous Tuesday,
when his prescribed death march had
been halted by a blast from the trumpet
of justice Hauptmann had had no word
from the authorities that his execution
would or would not be accomplished on
this particular night. Confidently—much
more so than previous to that holiday
from death—he had sat in his cell during
those golden three days, certain that once
again ortune’s wheel would spin and cage
him a lucky number. All day he had
waited a word from Colonel Kimberling,
who now stood with two guards facing
the door which led out to Hauptmann’s
cell—also waiting.

There was a rattling sound as the execu-
tioner continued about his grim business
of soaking the electrodes. He made a
thorough job of it, dipping them again and
again into a bucket of water until they
were completely wet. It was only a nec-
cessary detail of his night’s work.

And now Colonel Kimberling handed
a clock to a guard. Turning to the wit-
nesses he said, “This clock is for you to
see the time.”

The guard held it aloft over his head
so that all in the room might watch its
fateful hands. The Colonel asked for
the correct time as though he regretted
the progress of the hands on the time-
piece he had supplied to the guard. Then
he said to another, “Call the Center and
see if there is any message.”

No Messages

3e Colonel had previously given in-
structions in the telephone room that
wires were to be kept clear to the death
house. The messenger left the room and
Kimberling issued his final instructions to
the witnesses.

“If Hauptmann wants to say anything,
I'll hear it,” announced the Colonel. “Vm
the warden of this prison and in absolute
charge of this affair and it will be to
everybody’s advantage to obey the rules.”

He then asked the reporters if they had
their pencils and paper in their hands
ready to take notes, warning them that
this was their last chance to reach into
their pockets for anything,

And now, after a brief stir among the
overcoated men, silence deepened once
more—the silence that precedes a storm.
Kimberling’s messenger returned from
the death house phone.

“No messages,” was his brief but con-
clusive report.

Those two words spelled finis to the
long, long last chapter of the stirring legal
drama which had centered around the
German carpenter’s last month of life. The
man must sit now in that forbiddingly elo-
quent walnut chair. The end of justice
must be served. A jury of the people had
convicted him of one of the most revolt-
ing crimes in the human calendar of sin
—taking the life of a helpless infant. A
judge, sworn to defend and uphold the

dignity of the law had sentenced him to

eath; a devoted wife had made every
supplication which could be prompted by
desperate love to save her husband from
the retribution required of him; an at-
torney had appealed to every higher court
for a reconsideration of the evidence
which had convicted him; a governor had
investigated every bit of mistrusted or sus-
picious evidence which was responsible
for sending him to the death chamber;
loyal spiritual advisors had exhorted him
month in and month out to confess or
tell anything which might lighten the
darkness which surrounded the kidnaping
and death of the Lindbergh child—all to
no avail.

Kimberling nodded to one of the guards.
In another moment the last door which
would ever open on Hauptmann’s shad-
ow swung silently on its hinges. The
voice of a German minister intoning a rit-
ual for the dying came through to the
death chamber. Almost instantly the lit-
tle procession came into view. The hands
on the clock which the guard held aloft
stood at 8:4114,

My first glimpse of Hauptmann was a
decided shock, _ I have seen many men
die. I knew in the first moment that I
looked at this condemned man that he
was more dead than alive. Mentally, he
had died Tuesday. I knew that at this
moment he could not possibly be suffer-
ing the torture which he continuously en-
dured throughout those months of slow
death while the state had haggled over
his fate. The laws of this country may
give a prisoner a broad scope of techni-
cal advantages in that they make it pos-
sible to prolong his life indefinitely, which
procedure may have its admirable points
but, personally, I believe that it also gives
a condemned man many months of un-
necessary anguish. Often he is lifted ex-
pectantly to the heights, and then as un-
ceremoniously dropped to the depths of
despair and mental agony—not by the
contemplation of death but by the uncer-
tainty of life—a process of torture prac-
ticed by the ancient Chinese. I am con-
vinced that it would be as satisfactory for
the state and much more merciful to the
condemned if he were executed within as
short a time after‘ his conviction as was
compatible with justice.

Hauptmann, flanked by two guards,
lurched into the death chamber. He
walked like an automaton. His close
clipped head, deep-sunken eyes and his
pallid features had already taken on the
appearance of a cadaver. He had lost 30
pounds during his long stay in the death
house. He stared out into space, ap-
parently unconscious of the scene before
him. Although his eyes swept the men
who had gathered in that little room to see
him pay the state with his life, no slight-
est flicker or twitch of his facial muscles
indicated that he knew what was hap-
pening or was about to happen. He gave
no indication of hearing the solemn words
which the minister was reading in a voice
so strident that it rang throughout the en-
tire death chamber,

In this peculiar state of unnatural
apathy Hauptmann walked mechanically
the few paces to the chair. Then he
walked past it, coming directly toward me.
The guards, realizing what had happened
to their prisoner, seized him quickly and
seated him in the chair. He made no sign
of resistance. They placed first one arm
and then the other on the arms of the
chair as though the man they moved were
made of plastic rubber, They adjusted
the electrode to his right leg and firmly

DARING

c

fastened ea
Then
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The man
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not uttering
The expect
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if he did it
Maker. T!
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tude during
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From ap
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was going
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The adji
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ried mome
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reached fo
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DETE(

ey

HAUPTMANN (Related)

How Lindbergh Smashed _ th

By

JAMES R. TRAVERS

Chief of Police
Milton, Massachusetts

As told to

FRED H. THOMPSON
Formerly of the Boston Post

7 OU read this °
and keep your
“mouth closed.

Don’t open
your trap to a living
soul or it will be your
last, tally, 2."

As the fifteen-year-
old girl, a student at
Milton Academy, ex-
clusive educational in-
stitution in Milton,
Massachusetts, read
the sprawling, pen-
cilled words of the
letter she had just
received, her face
paled. The small,
delicate hands hold-
ing the. envelope
trembled. It was
ironic that at that
moment this name-
‘less, horrifying
threat should in-

trude upon her hap-
piness.

The girl was Miss
Constance Morrow.
Her father was
Dwight W. Morrow,
former partner in the
famous banking firm
of J. P. Morgan &
Company, intimate
friend of the. Presi-

dent of the United States and recently appointed Ambassador

to Mexico.

The girl’s sister, Miss Anne Morrow, soon was to marry

20

Now made public for

secret inside facts on

plot against the life
Constance Morrow

dramatic part that

brother-in-law played

€.

Colonel Charles A. Lindbergh,
whose epochal flight by air to

Paris had made him a national

Miss Constance Morrow—daughter of the noted statesman, Dwight
W. Morrow—who, on the afternoon of April 24th, 1929, received an
anonymous letter, written in scrawling penmanship, demanding fifty
thousand dollars—or death. Miss Morrow, a student at fashionable
Milton Academy, was warned by the blackmailer to say nothing, “or
it will be your last talk... .”

Who wrote the letter?

hero.

Almost every girl
the country
had fallen
in love with
the tall,
blond, bash-

in

ful aviator. His pic-
ture adorned the walls
of a million bedrooms.
And Constance Mor-
row actually knew him,
could call him Charlie,
was to be a maid of
honor or a flower girl
at his wedding to her
big sister, Anne.

Little wonder that
Constance was happy,
was envied by her
schoolmates! She was
counting the days until
the date of the wedding
should be announced,
when she was to go to
the magnificent Morrow
estate in Englewood,
New Jersey, to join her
family for the great
occasion.

Now, from some evil
quarter of a mysterious
outside world whose
cruelties were foreign to
her, had come this re-
lentless, terrifying blow
that threatened to
ruin her happiness. It
was a blow that hor-

rified the Morrow family and that brought the “Lone Eagle”

of the air his first thrill of fear.
When the mail had been distributed at Milton Academy

MOITH HPrrVcnryy ttn - Zz
TRUE DETE TIVE 4 Fe Druary | 94 4

—

late on Ap
there was
mail sack
letter addr
Constanc
member «
more class
cheap en
dressed wit
cil in re
characters.

ERHAI
from a

one of
estates, th
tendant
thought.
have been
child or,
could be a
youthful id
Certainly,
from the «
graved wit!
grams and
that usual]
emy_ stude
home and :

A bit curi
letter, Miss
tore open t
paper it co

The girl's
the scrawlec
writing and
She read th.
her to strict

Constanc:
horror.

She was
wealthy fat
accordance

RS IT a ELT


atural
lically
en he
cd me.
pened
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fastened each strap around his limbs.
Then Elliott stepped forward and placed
the half-mask, such as masqueraders wear,
over Hauptmann’s face. It covered his
eyes but left the tip of his nose and mouth
and chin exposed to view. Over this
went the death-dealing headgear.

The man in the chair remained perfect-
ly quiescent during the entire procedure,
not uttering a sound or signal of any sort.
The expected break-down and confession
was not forthcoming. Only once did his
lips twitch, Some thought he spoke but
if he did it was only to himself or to his
Maker. There were many in the room
who thought that the German carpenter,
who more than once had been strapped
to a machine gun in action was going
through the ordeal with the same sardonic
bravado which had characterized his atti-
tude during his trial and months of in-
carceration in the death cell.

From a physician’s viewpoint, however,
I believe this to be an erroneous opinion.
I studied Hauptmann acutely. It was
very obvious to me that the man had been
under such an enormous physical and
mental strain that he didn’t know what
was going on. What had been but a
“dress rehearsal” for an execution to us
on Tuesday night had in reality been the
occasion on which Hauptmann had paid
his huge debt to society.

The adjustment of the straps and elec-
trodes was the work of but a few hur-
ried moments. When satisfied that every-
thing was in complete readiness, Elliott
stepped to a panel on the wall behind the
chair. The panel was covered with dials
and wheels. Peering over the top of the
chair at Hauptmann while one hand
reached for a large wheel, Elliott waited
for the prisoner to exhale. Rapidly on
Hauptmann’s last exhaled breath he spun
the wheel. Up shot the indicator on the
executioner’s panel. Two thousand volts.
The needle wavered and then Elliott
dropped the current back almost to zero,
Suddenly the needle went up again. Then
back. Back and forth, At 8:44 Elliott’s
hand dropped from the wheel, his task
completed.

For a moment there was utter silence.
The man in the chair had strained at the
straps and then dropped limply, loosely
under the straps, his mouth dropping

open. A faint smoke had risen from the
pesnreae and from the electrode on his
eg.

Doctor Howard Wiesler, prison physi-
cian, stepped forward, his stethoscope ad-
justed to his ear. He applied the instru-
ment to the chest where the open shirt ex-
posed it to view. One after the other the
five doctors who were present followed
Doctor Wiesler to examine the body in
the chair. Just why, I could not tell, but
it seemed to me that I heard a faint flutter
of the cardiac muscle. Perhaps it was
imagination. Surely, the man could not
be alive. I waited until all of the physi-
cians had completed their examination.
Then we had a short consultation in front
of the chair before the body was un-
strapped and removed. Another doctor
admitted that he, too, had thought he de-
tected a sound in Hauptmann’s chest.
Consequently, we were all requested to
repeat the examination. This time I could
not even imagine that I heard a sound
through my _ stethoscope. There was
nothing but complete silence in my in-
strument, Each physician in his turn re-
peated the same finding. Doctor Wiesler
turned to the warden. “Colonel Kimber-
ling,” he said, “this man is dead.”

Four guards approached the body in
the chair. They loosened the straps, re-
moved the lethal head-dress and carried
the body out into the autopsy room.

The execution was over. The witnesses
filed from the little death chamber—the
reporters to hasten to the improvised
press room where the wires of the nation
were waiting to be fed the latest news of
the world’s most notorious prisoner. Was
he dead or alive? Had he been reprieved
at the last moment, snatched from the
grinning jaws of Death once again as on
Tuesday night? Or had he confessed
when confronted by the grim reality of
the chair? The world soon knew the an-
swers to all of these questions.

My sole remaining duty was the affix-
ing of my official signature to Haupt-
mann’s death certificate, a procedure
which eliminates the necessity of an au-
topsy on the body of an executed man,
provided the county physician had him-
self been present to witness the sole cause
of death. ‘Thus was finis written to my
connection with the Lindbergh case.

“Why don’t you play your black queen?”

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65


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said, “I am ready to meet my Maker. I
am going to die an innocent man. But
if my death will do anything to prevent
capital punishment, I will gladly give my
life, so that this sin against society shall
be wiped out.”

There was no screen in front of Rich-
ard’s new cell. I reached through the
bars and took hold of his wrists. We
began to pray. I chose as the prayer,
Richard’s favorite, the 121st Psalm: “I will
lift up mine eyes unto the hills from
whence cometh my help.” He repeated
those words over and over again, after me.
For two solid hours we read Bible texts
and prayed. In between the prayers there
would come the awful sound of the elec-
tric chair being tested.

Sometime during those hours between
six and eight, a guard came forward with
a knife. Silently, he reached through the
bars and grasped Richard’s right leg. Rich-
ard looked down. So did I. None of us
spoke. ._ The guard slit the trousers leg
where the electrode was to go. Silently,
the guard put the knife back in his pocket
and left us alone.

Core. during those two hours,
Richard Hauptmann died right in that
cell. His soul seemed gradually to leave
the body. It was when I sensed that that
was about to happen, while the man was
still in full possession of his faculties, that
I asked him for the first time, flatly, if he
was guilty of the crime for which he was
about to die.

I had come to believe implicitly in the
man’s innocence. As I have said, I got to
be as close to him as it is possible for
one human being to be to another. It
was a delicate task, this asking him if
he committed the Lindbergh crime. I had
to choose my words carefully.

“Richard,” I asked, speaking very slowly
and making certain that the condemned
man understood every word, “the time is
drawing near. If we do not get help, if
you have to go through that door and
meet your Maker in a little while, isn’t
there some little thing that you can tell
me—something that you have perhaps
overlooked. font there something that
you wish to say to me before you face
your Maker?”

Richard grasped the full import of my
question. He looked me straight in the
eyes, this man who even then heard the
testing of the chair that was waiting for
him, and said:

“Pastor, I have told the whole truth.
I am ready to meet my Maker. I have
nothing to add, nothing to take back,

True Detective Mysteries

~ nothing to--change. I ‘have told the

TRUTH!” :

The last word was like a sob of despair.
He said no more. I asked no more. There
sat a man, as close to death as anyone
has ever been and yet been alive.- One
word of admission that he had not told
everything he knew would have saved
him from that death. But Richard had
no word of admission to make. And I
would swear before God, knowing Richard
as I did, that the reason he made no
admission when he stood on the brink of
eternity was BECAUSE HE HAD
NOTHING TO ADMIT.

We continued to pray. The hour of |

eight arrived—and passed. Richard and
I joined now in repeating the 121st Psalm
together. We made a, slight change in
the wording. We prayéd: “We will lift
up our eyes unto the hills, from whence
cometh our help.” We had just finished

:those words, some time after the zero

hour of eight o’clock, when news came
from the Center that the execution had
been postponed for forty-eight hours.

“See, Richard,” I said, “our help came.”

“Yes,” he repeated, “our help came.”
But it was a living dead man who spoke.
He was exhausted and had to be carried
back to his’ old cell where he fell asleep.
That was really the end of Richard’s life
on this earth. He paid the supreme pen-
alty that Tuesday in March, not the fol-
lowing Friday, when he ‘actually walked
to the chair.

I was with him during his last moments
on that Friday. I did not question him
then about the Lindbergh crime. We
prayed as the hour of execution drew
near. All was anti-climax. He stood in
the center of his cell and raised his arms
toward heaven, and his face. For what
seemed to be an interminable time he
stood that way, like a man transfixed. His
eyes shone with a strange light of hap-
Sed and his face was calm and peaceful.

lis lips were parted. Finally, he lowered
his arms, then sat down. The time came,
and the guards came for him. As he
passed his old cell, he looked in and saw
a picture of his yr “Bubi! Bubi!” he
said. Then, just as he entered the death
chamber, he said: “If only I could see the
stars once again.”

Thus he died—and for a crime I am
convinced he did not commit. .

The next day, when I went to claim
Richard’s body on behalf of his widow,
I took an oath before God that I would
devote the remainder of my life to un-
covering the truth in this, the most mis-
understood case in all criminal history. -

To Newspapermen, Police Officials
and Detectives _

If you have in mind any fact case, with actual photo-
graphs, deemed suitable for publication in the magazine,
please address the Editor, TRUE DETECTIVE Mys.
TERIES, The Chanin Building, 122 East 42nd St., New
York City, and ask for our “Letter of Suggestions,” cover-
ing full information relative to writing the accounts of .

fact crime cases for this magazine.

117

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TRUE DETECTIVE MYSTERIES, May, 1936

LINDBERGH

From GOVERNOR HOFFMAN'S

Photos by Howard Schrader

(Above) Governor Harold G. Hoffman (seated) signs the reprieve for

Bruno Hauptmann, granting him a stay of execution. (Standing, left

to right) Attorney General David Wilentz and Prosecutor Anthony
Hauck, of Hunterdon County, where the trial was held

62

Special Investigator for
True DETECTIVE

EN, on the night of
March Ist, 1932, there
came over the radio in

the living room of a
modest home in South Amboy,
New Jersey, a frenzied flash an-
nouncing the kidnapping of the
Lindbergh baby, the features of
a young man in the room darkened
in anger. The man was Harold
Giles Hoffman, Commissioner of
Motor Vehicles of the State of
New Jersey. He turned to his
wife and said:

“Who under God’s heaven could
have committed a crime like
that! I can’t believe it’s true!”

But as bulletin after bulletin
crackled through t>> loud speaker
deep into the night, Mr. and
Mrs. Hoffman sitting there at
the radio in their living room, as
millions of other Americans were
doing, grimly realized that the
first flash had been only too true.

Next morning, Commissioner
Hoffman was at his desk in the
capitol at Trenton before eight
o’clock. Quickly he acquainted
himself with the known facts of
the case, including the official
belief that the baby had been
spirited by automobile from the
home of Colonel and Mrs. Charles
Augustus Lindbergh in the Sour-
land Mountain district near Hope-
well. Immediately, Hoffman rec-
ognized that one avenue of in-
vestigation that would have to be
traversed would be the com-
parison of the handwriting on the
ransom note left in the baby’s
nursery with signatures on file
in the Motor Vehicle Department
of residents who had applied for
automobile licenses. Accordingly
he dispatched an aide to the office
of Colonel H. Norman Schwarz-
kopf, Superintendent of the State
Police, who at the time was in
complete charge of the investiga-
tion, offering the State Police
head the co-operation and agsist-
ance of his department. The aide
returned in a few minutes with
the brief message:

“Colonel Schwarzkopf says he

does)
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of tk
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As
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dram
Hoffr
been
and
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nor’s
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real 1
view
demn
Hotel
what
laying
some
terest
clear
writer
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Schwa


—_

re re a a a

Ane ee oe et

True Detective Mysteries

(Above) The Hauptmann reprieve, signed by the
Governor. (Below) Bruno Hauptmann, escorted by
Sheriff John Curtiss of Hunterdon County and State
Troopers, enters the State Prison to occupy a cell in
the death house. (Arrow points to Hauptmann)

‘

and openly resenting offers of assistance, was being criticized

by the public at large when, weeks after the crime, it was
apparent that he was no nearer a solution than when the
baby was still in its crib, New Jersey citizens recalled Schwarz-

kopf’s failure to get anywhere in the Hall-Mills case, the
only nationally known case with which he had _ previously
been identified. They recalled, too, that the veteran Parker
had been solving murder mysteries when young Schwarzkopf
was still a floor walker in a Newark department store and
wondered why Parker had not been called into the Lindbergh
investigation.

George Hillman, Democratic leader of Burlington County,
wrote to A.*Harry Moore, then the Governor of New Jersey,
suggesting that Parker, be assigned to assist in the investiga-
tion. Governor Moore wrote back, suggesting that Parker
communicate with Schwarzkopf. Parker did. In a letter
to the head of the State Police, he offered his assistance, said
he might be in a position to pick up some clues owing to his
wide knowledge of the State and its inhabitants, and asked
Schwarzkopf to send him a copy of the first ransom note.
Schwarzkopf wrote back to Parker, asking him to turn any
evidence he had over to him, and refusing to let Parker see a
copy of the ransom note, despite the fact that he had _ pre-
viously turned over a copy to Irving Bitz and Salvy Spitale,
two New York underworld characters whom Colonel Lind-
bergh -designated as his intermediaries in dealing with the
kidnappers. Following this rebuff from Schwarzkopf, Parker
wrote to Governor Moore, requesting a copy of the note.
Moore referred the letter to Schwarzkopf, and there the
negotiations ended.


a
WY

Amboy,
flash an-
g of the
atures of
darkened
s Harold
“of

ven could
me like
’s true!’
bulletin
| speaker
Mr. and
shere at
room, as
ims were
hat the
(00 true.
aissioner
: in the
re eight
juainted
facts of
official
id been
‘om the
Charles
e Sour-
t Hope-
lan rec-
of in-
‘e to be
> com-
on the
baby’s
on file
urtment
lied for
rdingly
ie office
shwarz-
e State
was in
vestiga-
Police
assist-
he aide
‘th

he

CASE SECR

PRIVATE FILES

doesn’t need any assistance.”

That marked the official en-
trance into the Lindbergh case
of the man who today, as Gover-
nor of the State of New Jersey, is
being roundly condemned on one
side and widely acclaimed on the
other for- having reopened the
investigation and granted a re-
prieve to Bruno Richard Haupt-
mann on the eve of the German
carpenter’s execution for the kid-
napping and murder of the Lind-
kergh baby.

As a representative of. this
magazine, the writer has followed
every phase of the Lindbergh
case since its inception and is in
& position to reveal many behind-
the-scenes secrets—particularly the
dramatic part played by Governor
Hoffman—which have up to now |
been clouded in a maze of rumors
and contradictions. The hitherto
undisclosed reason for the Gover-
nor’s visit to Hauptmann in the
death house last October; the
real truth about his secret inter-
view with the wife -of the con-
demned man in the Stacy-Trent
Hotel in Trenton; and exactly
what his reasons were for de-
laying Hauptmann’s execution, are
some of the points of public in-
terest that the writer hopes to
clear up once and for all. The
writer prevailed upon Governor
Hoffman to grant him access to
certain of the Chief Executive’s
private files where lay the answers
to many a perplexing question
about the Crime of the Century.

As Commissioner of Motor Ve-
hicles, Hoffman was officially iden-
tified with the Lindbergh _in-
vestigation right up to the time
of Bruno Hauptmann’s arrest.
It was Hoffman’s official duty to
assign his departmental inspectors
to investigate the origin and
ownership of scores of New Jersey
automobiles that figured in the
probe from time to time. In-+
spectors who retrieved stolen cars +,
or found abandoned machines in- °
vestigated the vehicles for a pos-
sible connection with the kid-
napping and turned in their re-
ports to the Commissioner. Thus
it will be seen that it was part
of Hoffman’s job to keep abreast
of developments in the mystery
from the time of its ineeption.

Now, lIllis H. Parker, Chief
of Detectives of Burlington County,
who in his long career as a de-
tective has solved more than one
hundred major murder cases, en-
tered the picture at this time,
Schwarzkopf, declining outside aid

¢€*

ee epee

Mrs. Hauptmann, leaving the State Prison at Trenton, New Jersey, after

a visit to her husband, convicted of the kidnapping and murder of the

Lindbergh child. A photographer stands ready to snap her picture as
she descends the prison steps

ETS

i
bs

2: Tete.

eRe irae ittatim wee

sent at.


PT OG I a Ty ee

Blowing the Lid Off the Lindbergh Crime—JThe Mysterious Mr. X of the Ransom Notes 13

ranso

he use of notes that impresse
ing J ots for pu Hy
‘NS letters, us, vg Netuation,

Fawcet ;
he ni told him

“tay there,

J. J. Faut
jiip—major enigma vr
Case, Th

‘vows Mr

’ 4nd says the 18
a this slip ig hand-

Part of .

Hitherto unpublished anonymous letter to
Dr. Hudson, noted criminologist associated
with the Lindbergh case. When Pelletreau
subjected this communication to scientific
examination, he felt he was on the trail of
the ransom note author. The singular use of
dots for punctuation and the peculiar ‘‘k’s”
in the epistle marked it as the first piece of
discovered writing to contain the two strang-
est and most outstanding characteristics

of the ransom notes

T'll eall you back. Something has come up and I’m
trying to get more information on it. I’ll call you
as soon as I have anything definite.”

It was three-quarters of an hour more before Faw-
eett called back. “The trip to Flemington’s off,” he
said. “I’m out of the case. Someone elseis going to
take it over.’

“What has happened anyway?’ I asked.
“T can’t tell you over the telephone. Come into
Rg the office tomorrow. Maybe I can tell you more
. PS then.”
Be When I called at Fawcett’s office the next day, he
7 was disinclined to dwell on the subject of counsel

change. He merely told me that Hauptmann’s kin
. had engaged Edward Reilly. 1 took it that a fine

Italian hand had. been moving somewhere behind
: the scenes and that the spectacular Reilly had been
- eased in and the conservative. Fawcett eased out.
pa I can’t reveal here as to why this change in counsel
took place, but I can straighten you out on one thing.
A lot of people thought Fawcett dropped the case be-
cause he thought Hauptmann was: guilty. That
wasn’t so at all. Fawcett was firmly ‘convinced that °
they could never prove the kidnapping charge on the
German and he was all set to go through with the
case until Reilly supplanted him.

Well, that rather left me high and dry. I figured
that‘my conclusions as to the handwriting would be
valuable to the defense, so.I telephoned Mr. Reilly’s
office, explained who I was and what I had been doing
and wanted to know if he wished me to continue.
ee Whoever answered. the telephone told me to come to
i the office the next day. When I went I was told
} that Reilly was too busy to see me. I got a little hot


7

12 True Detective Mysteries

look closely enough.

i“irst. off, I compared the nursery note with the fourteen
notes that followed it and concluded that they were all written
hy one and the same person. The one characteristic that
stuck out like a sore thumb was the letter “k.’”’ Take a look
at any one of the “k’s”’ in the ransom illustrations that accom-
pany this chronicle and notice how peculiar that “k’”’ is. It
looks as if the writer in forming it had first made a mark that
resembled the letter “v’”’ and then hooked on to it the figure
“2” ‘That “k” in the ransom notes is one of the most singular
letter formations I’ve ever seen in all my years of analyzing
handwriting. To get an idea as to how unnatural it really
ix, you might take a pencil and a piece of paper and make a
“k" the way you normally make it and then try to make a
“k’ similar to one in the ransom notes. The letter “k’’ is
one that may be termed as infrequently used. It appears but
fifty-four times in the seventeen hundred and fifty words
embodied in the fifteen ransom letters. In comparing the hand-
writing of Hauptmann and also of Fisch, I failed to find so
much as a whisper of similarity between their letter “k’s™

and the “k’s’”’ in the notes. |
Another characteristic in the ransom notes that impressel
me as very singular was the use of dots for punctuation
Now, many people, in penning letters, use a dash at the end
of an incomplete thought, or in place of a period after. a sen-
tence, but you won’t find one in a hundred thousand using
dots. This is a type of punctuation that is very rare in general
writing. It is usually found only in editorial and manuscript
work. Bear this carefully in mind; it has most vital bearing
on something I shall disclose later on. |
When I went to Mr. Fawcett’s office with my findings, he
was greatly impressed and it was decided that I should go
with him to Flemington to have a talk with the man about,
to go on trial. I made an appointment to meet Mr. Fawcett
in Jersey City at a certain place and hour. [ got there early;
but when three-quarters of an hour passed and there was no!
sign of the usually punctual lawyer, I telephoned his office.
I asked him what was wrong. i
“Where are you calling from?”’ asked Fawcett. I told him.
T was in a publie booth. “All right,” he said. “Stay there. |

The famous J. J. Faulkner
deposit slip—major enigma of
the Lindbergh case. The
mysterious J. J. Faulkner—
who even the State admitted
had not been Hauptmann—
deposited $2,980.00 of the ran-
som bills in the Federal Re- °
serve Bank. Police never
located Faulkner. But Pelle- ~ i
treau. avows Mr. X is i
Faulkner, and says the hand- — 4

. writing on this slip is part of ° 4
the proof!

jp aia nial:

oa

Blowing th

V'll call »
trying
as soon !

It was
eett call:

said.
take it
oWh:
“uy Cc
the off
then.”
Wh
wus G
chang
had ¢
Itali:
the >
ease

PGMS

Bis 0 +

THE FATAL LETTER “R”

Exhibit C, with accent on “‘r’s” in “‘Q” or ransom writing, and “‘S” or Mr. X’s standard writing. Notice singular
likeness in formation of letter in question. Pelletreau says Mr. X forgot himself in forming letter “r’’. in ransom
notes, and that that letter is very close to man’s normal writing. Of paramount importance is fact that all of Mr. «“Q’
X’s writing herein used for comparison purposes was written seven years before Lindbergh kidnapping. Not for themselv:
only that, but X’s manner of expressing himself is startlingly similar to manner in which writer of ransom letters word indicat
expressed himself, as will be gleaned from Pelletreau’s amazing story. Handwriting is but part of physical evidence 11-3-5, and
linking Mr. X to crime of century. .

Hopewell, N. J.,” had been postmarked Elizabeth, New Jersey, ing was not that of his client, if such was my honest opinion. writing & or penci
at 6 p.m., March 3rd. It read: I — Mr. i. what I had told the reporters, that a sound Wing it normally
- , . analysis would consume two or three weeks. Mr. Fawcett . r pene
KINDLY FOLLOW INSTRUCTION IN NEXT LET- then suggested that I sit in at the extradition hearing in the ng a writit
Wone on eet hari ee Gh ica Was, Bronx so that I might keep up with the handwriting testi- comforn ed to A |
CARPE : mony, as given by Albert D. Osborn and other.experts for the - accus s nerves }
ae TO BABY. FOLLOW INSTRUCTION CARE- prosecution, and perhaps suggest some questions for cross- a ual That’
JLLY. examination. *5 have it in ex

The police at the time had marked the postcards down as The next day I sat at the defense counsel table. - Bruno it on before
the work of cranks. Anonymous; both had been printed in' Richard Hauptmann was sitting right behind me. I was - oe slained all
ink. I had previously concluded from a detailed analysis of occupied examining some handwriting.specimens he had made = ae) ha’
the hand printing, that both had been the work of the same for Mr. Fawcett, and comparing them with photographs of the arapemann’s le

person, crank or not. I now compared the printing on the

complete set of fifteen ransom notes.

There were sev"

postals with a newspaper reproduction of Hauptmann’s In spite of the fact that I was what might be called “in” was brou:
application for an automobile driver’s license. The applica- on the case, I was just as curious about Hauptmann as you aguepe r. Ps
tion, like the cards, bore hand printing. I was immediately would have been. I was curious as to just what his connection - to and want:
impressed by the fact that the cards had obviously not heen with the case had been. I knew he was in it up to his neck “Hauptmann

sent by Hauptmann because of the decided difference in the
method of execution, form and production of the printing on

in guilt as I have already said, but I couldn’t see how New
Jersey was going to place him in that nursery, unless it had

shook mine.
tone of his. ‘

the cards and that on the license application. The fact that. some secret air-tight evidence that was being held in reserve I smiled.
Hauptmann did not write the two postcards would have been to form a bombshell at the trial. i) me that
unimportant to the Lindbergh case—except for something I I knew, as I sat in the Bronx courtroom with. Hauptmann verrhe smile
discovered just before Hauptmann walked the last mile. — right behind me, that he knew who I was and what I was we, “1 ae
On October 15th, Attorney James M. Fawcett of Brooklyn, doing. I wanted to get his reaction, and two or three times I a ¢ in the '
who had been retained as Hauptmann’s’ counsel, telephoned turned around quickly and looked straight at him. He was I Tauptman
to me and made an appointment to meet me on the mezzanine __ leaning forward, apparently more intent on my work than the deuff, wT
floor of the Pennsylvania Hotel in New York at 7 p.m. Mr. testimony coming from the witness stand. When I turned petictated.
Fawcett and I knew each other only by reputation and, after the first time, he looked up, sort of embarrassed, and then. } ny subj’
describing ourselves to one another over the telephone, we broke into a sheepish smile. His attitude seemed to me to be ‘ br the wort
met at the appointed hour and place. , definitely one of extreme interest in a subject that was new oH stmant
I was in conference with Hauptmann’s lawyer for six hours. and fascinating to him rather than fear that I would say his ag earepie
[lauptmann was to be given an extradition hearing in the handwriting and the ransom penmanship were the same. leno nor
Bronx, New Jersey being anxious to get him across the state The samples of writing that Hauptmann had given to Mr. Pontein ent

line to face a murder charge. Mr. Fawcett wanted me to
testify in Hauptmann’s behalf, saying that the ransom writ-

Fawcett were not well suited to the analysis I was trying to
make. Whenever possible, I like to see a person actually

ital nent Ri pe ale AS

picion of §!


comgenngenn er apameigangsen 10°"

11

Blowing the Lid Off the Lindbergh Crime—The Mysterious Mr. X of the Ransom Notes

Ad

15-7 19:2 7UOLW Fu

in caer TIP-OFF IN THE “W”
° all of Mr. ® Exhibit D. This and other exhibits presented here for first time were not in existence when jury decided Haupt-
Ping. Not 9 mann wrote ransom notes. Pelletreau says verdict might have been different if jury had seen what you see now.
om letters : te «Q” writing here from ransom notes, “gr? writing Mr. X’s. Pelletreau says the ‘‘w’s,” both small and capital, speak
al evidence ; for themselves. Look also at letter “e” in first line of standard, marked 5-5-2, and compare that ‘‘e” with ‘“e” in .
P word indicated by 3-9-4 in ransom writing in line just below. Make same comparison with “e” in questioned word
11-3-5, and “‘e” in standard word 13-3-3, below it. Note resemblance in numerals in ransom and standard specimens. : =
ay ho ea
rte, ok opinion. writing a sample of his hand. . I can tell from the way he picks I was impressed by one thing, and that was Hauptmann’s
‘ks. Mr, fp soaud ” up a pen or pencil and applies it to the paper whether he is apparent unconcern about being proved to be the writer of the
‘ion hearing rier ; doing it normally or not. Everyone has his own way of hold- ransom notes. He wrote with a fountain pen that I gave him
handwriting t¢ + ing a pen or pencil and unconsciously adjusts it to the most and he was just as unrestrained and natural as you would be
1er-experts fo esti- Z comfortable writing position, | Nerves in the fingers become — were you making a note on & memo pad about something you
uestions for al accustomed to a certain position of a pen oF pencil just the had to do tomorrow. I decided there and then that whatever
| cross~ same as nerves in the head become accustomed to the fee] Hauptmann’s connection with the. Lindbergh case was he
| sel table. B ; of a hat. _That’s why a man can put a hat on in the dark most certainly had not actually written the ransom notes.
hind me. I Tuno . fy and have it in exactly the same position as it would be had he No matter how carefully he would have attempted to disguise
nens he had bien ' put it on before @ mirror. : his writing in the ransom notes, no matter how certain he would
‘hotograph made ” I explained all this to Mr. Faweett, and during & recess he have been that he had been successful in disguising his writing,

8 of the ‘i arranged to have Hauptmann brought into an anteroom. he would nevertheless have been on guard to a certain extent
ht be called “in” : Hauptmann’s left wrist was in & handcuff which a bailiff held. when he took that pen in his hand to make a sample for me
suptinadin A oe There were several other officers in the room. When Haupt- and I would have detected him in an instant.
iat his iiines you oy mann was brought in, Mr. Faweett said: “Bruno, I want you Well, while I was making my analysis, they found they had
it up to Fh phe a to meet Mr. Pelletreau. Mr. Pelletreau 1s & handwriting ¢x- enough on Hauptmann to extradite him to New Jersey to stand
n’t see ho - neck he pert and wants you to make some samples for him.” - trial. He was over in Flemington when I completed my work.

ry, unless Fe Nee - Hauptmann smiled and extended his free right hand and I decided that his was not the handwriting on the ransom
g held in ithad- shook mine. ‘How do you do,” he said in that thick guttural notes. [had also decided that F isch had not written the notes
reserve: tone of his. either, although Fisch’s penmanship bore & much stronger

vith Haupt rh I smiled, “I suppose, of course,” I said, “you’re going to resemblance to the guilty writing than did Hauptmann’s

and vial paige Be tell me that you didn’t write those notes.” writing. ;

or three ti —_ ee The smile left the accused man’s face and he grew very At this point, I must explain to you that in analyzing hand-
at him pu I 2 ve. “I don’t know a thing atout the notes except what writing, the following factors must be taken into consideration:
y work Pr was fe 1 see in the papers at the time.” Tha smoothness and rhythm of execution, which is visible in line
When I fa wre oe Hauptmann sat at a table and, with his left hand still in a quality; relative slant, style, pen pressure, pen approach and
‘assed, and — KE handcuff, wrote with his free right hand several sentences that method of production. Lacking these factors in a writing,
ned to me to re a I dictated. I made up the dictation as I went along, ing and finding & slow, hesitating method of production, or forced
‘t that was e a e for my subject mythical business agreement 1n, which many execution with different pen approach and pen pressure, we
I would say hig ae of the words used in the ransom notes were incorporates _ have evidence of forgery. Now, the Lindbergh notes fall into
‘ere the 8 7 mS Hauptmann was naturally nervous and under a strain and while the category of forged documents, inasmuch as it is almost
d given to Me. t the sample of the writing that I obtained was not one hundred certain that the man who wrote them. attempted to disguise
was tryi a Eb percent normal, or standard, as we call it, still I knew it would his handwriting. However, er bodied in all disguised writing
ngto .-~ contain enough characteristics to rule it out or lead metoasus- are enough of the characteristics of the writer’s normal hand to
ilarity that would call for a more complete sample. identify him, if the expert examining the writing will only

‘rson a ‘ a. . 6 2
ctually a picion of sim:


ODAY, almost three years after the kidnapping
and murder of their first son, the menacing specter

of Crime still darkens the lives of Colonel and Mrs.

Charles Augustus Lindbergh. Although that never-
to-be-forgotten night when a fiend out of the shadows
snatched a golden-haired little boy from a warm crib has
long since passed, the parents of that child still are, every
waking moment of their lives, paying the hideous price of
the Crime of the Century.

The lives of the Lindberghs are not their own. Crime
has robbed them of freedom. It has cost them their peace
of mind. It has cost them a small fortune in cash to estab-
lish and maintain a design of safety for two-and-a-half-year-
old Jon, their second baby—perhaps the most impregnable
network of protection flung around any one person in the
world today, not excluding the President of the United
States. The presence of a corps of private detectives, on
duty night and day to see that no harm befalls Jon, serves
as a constant reminder of the fate that overcame Charles
Augustus, Jr.

The Lindberghs simply cannot lead normal lives—and
shall not be able to for many years to come. If there are
two individuals alive today who are suffering more than
anyone else from the lash of the underworld, America’s

tneneacsiapinenly si epi aa

ah aa rie

Cardive : most famous private citizen and the former Anne Morrow
study of * are those two. A constant menace of terror hangs over them.
the Roving

Investigator, By FAMOUS DETECTIVE’S

tity is kept

a ale ROVING INVESTIGATOR

12

J VIRAL,


1¢ kidnapping
nacing specter
lonel and Mrs.
igh that never-

the shadows
warm crib has
still are, every
ideous price of

r own. Crime
‘m their peace
1 cash to estab-
nd-a-half-year-
st impregnable
» person in the
of the United
detectives, on
alls Jon, serves
rcame Charles

mal lives—and
ie. If there are
ring more than
-orld, America’s
r Anne Morrow
1angs over them.

TIVE’S

‘ATOR

phe iy aaa eaters

ists

in Saat

cm
*

> ae
6g

ee
§
A

“RON pte Aye aterm

Pig

bors) George Washington
ridge, linking New York
City and New Jersey—the
span over which the second
Lindbergh baby frequently
travels in an armed caravan

If red blood flows
in your veins, it is
your duty as a citizen

fo read every word
of this!

In January, 1934, a few weeks after their return from
their historic flight to three continents, the Lindberghs de-
cided to move with their son for the winter months from
Next Day Hill, the palatial Dwight W. Morrow estate in
Inglewood, New Jersey, to a penthouse in New York City,
just across the Hudson River. Under ordinary circum-
stances, a young married couple with a small child would
experience no great inconvenience in moving from one home
to another such a short distance away.

Not so with the Lindberghs. They couldn’t just get into
their automobile, he behind the wheel, she holding the baby,
and make the short drive from Englewood to New York.
No! The yawning festering rat-hole known as the under-
world caused them to make remarkable preparations for

Sub-machine gun of type
used by private detectives
guarding two-and-a-half-
year-old Jon Morrow
Lindbergh


eo

FAMOUS DETECTIVE CASES March, 1935

all child and were forced to have it constant-
f its waking and sleeping hours?
to conference with the police every time

14

How would you like it if you had a sm
ly surrounded by guards, every minute 0

How would you like to be obliged to go in
you wanted to take the child on a trip?

How would you like to live under an assumed name, and convert your home into an
arsenal in order that your offspring might be shielded from danger?

That's just what America's most beloved private citizens—the Lindberghs—are up
against today! We hope that these revelations by FAMOUS DETECTIVE'S Roving In-
vestigator will open your eyes to a phase of crime that never gets into the news-

papers, and intensify the war now being waged throughout the nation on that festering
empire known as the Underworld!

(Right) Upper Man-
attan, showing River-
side Drive and bridge
leading across Hud-
son River toward
Englewood (indicated
by arrow). This was
route over which baby
traveled in the dead
‘of night following its
birth in New York in
August, 1932

(Below) Apartment
house at 4 E, 66th
St., Manhattan, where
Jon Morrow Lind-
bergh first squinted
his eyes at the world
that dealt so cruelly
with the litle brother
before him. Great
precautions were
taken to cloak the
fact that the child
was born here

something that should have been simplicity

it would be reduced to a minimum.

detectives.

itself.

Shortly before the child was to be moved to New York,
there was a conference at the Morrow estate at which Lind-
bergh and members of the New York Police Department,
the Englewood Police Department and the New Jersey
State Police foregathered. A plan had to be formulated
whereby the baby could be taken to Manhattan without
being recognized so that the chances of any harm befalling

It was agreed that transportation of the child in a
curtained automobile would serve only to attract attention.
It was also concluded that while protection would have to
be afforded along the way by means of a convoy of auto-
mobiles bearing detectives, there should be no indication
that the cars were traveling together or that they contained

And ‘so it was that seven cars left Englewood one bright

afterno:
sufficien

baby, \
rear se:
her sat
was thi
a sub-n
other ¢
Gow h
nurse's
nurse :
the chi
As t
which °
Main
notche
ing the
late st:
machir
taking
several
the me
midst.
: he
mostls
their |
that nm
what
rode 1

eetyeny
ETT


March, 1935

onstant-
ery time

2 into an

—are up
oving In-
he news-
festering

\plicity itself.
iS New York,
at which Lind-
-e Department,
e New Jersey
be formulated
jattan without
harm befalling

he child in a
tract attention.
would have to
onvoy of auto-
» no indication
they contained

‘ood one bright

THE DANGER TO THE SECOND LINDBERGH BABY 15

afternoon on a mission for which one car should have been
sufficient. Betty Gow, the nurse of the first Lindbergh
baby, who served in similar capacity for Jon, sat in the
rear seat of one of the cars, Jon on:her lap. Alongside of
her sat a man with a stern face and quick eye. A robe
was thrown over his lap. Under the robe.his hands clutched
a sub-machine gun, the same type that gangsters use. Two
other detectives sat in the front, one at the wheel.. Betty
Gow had abandoned, for the duration of the trip, her
nurse’s white uniform. Police strategy dictated’ that the
nurse and the detective in the back seat look as if they were
the child’s parents.

As the car made its way from the Morrow mansion,
which is more than a mile from the center of the town, to
Main Street, five other automobiles slipped into their
notches in the caravan, so that by the time the sedan carry-
ing the baby had passed beyond Englewood into the deso-
late stretch of countryside leading toward New York, three
machines were in the rear and two up ahead. The leave-
taking was accomplished with such dispatch that it was
several weeks before residents of Englewood realized that
the most famous baby in the world was no longer in their
midst.

The six cars were of different types and their occupants—

mostly official and private detectives, with leaden death at -

their fingertips—were so placed in relation to one another
that no one would have guessed who they were, much less
what they were about. Two sleuths attired in overalls
rode in a dinky flivver directly behind the car bearing Jon.
Behind that was a medium-priced coupé, and bringing up

(Left) Jon Lindbergh—perhaps the most closely

guarded person in the world today, not excluding

President Roosevelt

Roving Investigator on
grounds of Morrow estate,
pointing to mansion where
second Lindy baby is prisoner
in armed camp

the rear was a large car driven by Colonel Lindbergh. Mrs.
Lindbergh was a back seat passenger. So was a detective.
The cars up ahead bore several oflicers and two women.

The Lindberghs drove in the rear car for two reasons.
First, they could keep an eye on the car carrying little Jon.
Secondly, were anyone to recognize the flier’s familiar
countenance, and then notice Mrs. Lindbergh in the rear
seat, the observation would be made after the car bearing
Jon had passed, so that no connection would be made be-
tween the famous couple and the child.

When the machine carrying the baby passed over the
gréat George Washington Bridge, which connects New Jer-
sey’ With upper Manhattan, and was obliged to stop on
busy New York streets for traffic lights, hundreds of persons
no ‘doubt had a look at the famous child there in the back
seat, as big as life. It was no more or no. less conspicuous
than any other infant, out for an airing. But not a soul
realized who it was.

The caravan eventually succeeded in making its way to
the building wherein the Lindbergh penthouse is located,
an address, incidentally, a considerable distance from the
apartment where Jon was born, and withheld here for
obvious reasons. It is extremely doubtful if a single one of
the thousands of autoists and pedestrians who saw the baby
in the third car had the slightest idea as to its identity.
Even the traffic policemen, who halted the procession from
time to time during its journey through Manhattan’s busy
thoroughfares, gave no indication that they recognized what
was going on. eos ;

Once in the apartment building, the child was taken
quickly to its new home atop the structure, there to live

-until 1t was time to go with its. parents to Maine for the

summer. | an J
The Lindberghs reside in the New York penthouse under
an assumed name, known only to their most intimate

: him—it’s in the police document that sur-
: faced years later—that if he didn’t want to
: be involved in the case of the century, then
: police would surely be able to find other
: handwriting experts who would say that
: Hauptmann had written the letters.

Osborn then said, according to the docu-

: ment, that he’d swear Hauptmann was the
: author of the letters. The cops got a big
: laugh out of that, says the report. And so
: Osborn, and the other experts who merely
: parroted his testimony, helped condemn
: Hauptmann to the chair.

Of all the villains who “murdered my

: husband,” Mrs. Hauptmann heaps the great-
: est scorn on the prosecutor, David Wilentz,
: especially for what he did with her hus-
: band’s handwriting experts. What he did,
: some of those experts later swore in deposi-
: tions that ended up in police files, was to
: threaten those experts with arrest if they
: tried to attack Osborn and the other prosecu-
: tion experts. Hauptmann’s witnesses fled,
: among them one woman who was set to
: swear that some of the words in the ransom
: letters had been tampered with and overwrit-
: ten to make them look more like the defen-
: dant’s handwriting. That expert witness said
: she'd been threatened with “bodily harm” if

Wilentz was at least aware of, and was
possibly involved in, the biggest frame of
them all. At an early stage in the trial,
Wilentz told reporters that he would “hang
the kidnap ladder around Hauptmann’s
neck.” And he did, with the aid of a Jersey
trooper, Detective Lewis Bornmann. After
Hauptmann’s arrest, his wife fled their
apartment with their infant son, Manfred,
and went to live with relatives. Her lease
was broken. And Bornmann, as an agent of
the state police, took over the flat. During
his tenancy Bornmann made the incredible
discovery that Hauptmann, after almost
completing the kidnap ladder in his work-
shop in the garage behind his house, belat-
edly realized that he lacked a piece of lum-
ber about six feet long. So he climbed into
his attic to cut it from one of the floorboards.

Bornmann swore at the trial that on
September 26, seven full days after the ar-
rest, he went into the attic to conduct a
search for more ransom money. He didn’t
find any. But he noticed something peculiar.
A piece of the floorboard seemed to be
missing. Investigating further, he spotted a
small pile of sawdust lying on the subfloor-
ing directly under the spot where the piece
of board seemed to be cut away. So he sum-

from the U.S. Forest Service who was help-_ :

ing in the investigation.
Koehler testified that he went into the at-
tic with one of the uprights from the kidnap

ladder and—presto'!—it perfectly matched

the remaining floorboard from which a piece
had been cut away. The two boards
matched, he swore, if one “imagined” the
grain flow over a two-inch missing gap and
if one “assumed” the slight variations were
caused by a knot in the wood.

Other members of the Forest Service later said
Koehler’s testimony was absurd; but his evidence

was never seriously contradicted at the trial.
That evidence is suspicious on several
counts. Most important is that in the seven

days before Bornmann made his startling

discovery, more than a dozen cops and FBI
agents had searched the attic on at least nine

occasions (that’s the number of reports of

the searches that have turned up; there could
have been even more). None of those inves-

tigators ever spotted the missing piece of

board or the little pile of sawdust. That’s
rather hard to believe.

Secondly, Hauptmann was a professional
union carpenter. He always bought his lum-
ber—to construct his infant’s crib, a dresser,
bookcases, and other items for their apart-

she dared testify. moned Arthur Koehler, a “wood expert” ment, and on freelance jobs—from a lumber
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54 CRIMEBEAT

yard a few blocks
got the jury to belic
ter couldn’t compt
of lumber he’d nee:
master carpenter \
that was so rickety
made by a 10-yea
that any man in his
ve to the lumber
wood he needed an
lot of items from t
cupboard, climb |
hatch, and hoist hi:
his saw—to rip off :
The suspicion |
threw away one p
and substituted the
from the attic floor
And so it went
evidence presented
cluding the testim«
ness, John F. Cor
mann was the man
ransom money as |
Condon was \
Hauptmann from |
mediately after Ha
had spoken to Hat

utes at the police I

that he could not 1

APRIL 1993


lice arrested August
ort an additional
ughlins. He readily
yping, but refused to
bouts or fate unless
imunity. He finally
3d been accidentally

abduction. Pascal
sentenced to life.
2r found.

ew York City, 1921:
tionists seized five-
front of his home.
1 that the Verottas
‘injury suit, they de-
om from the boy’s
ner. The rumor was
{ their demand down
\ut ill-advised move,
vandedly captured a
m pickup, and police
rs. The gang retaliat-
i3iuseppi. He was the
2 killed when the ran-

ons implicated as
ily the five were com
0 life.

os Angeles, 1927:
yrutal ransom kidnap-
an picked up 12-year-
1 school, claiming her
; ill. (Her twin sister,
aken.) Four ransom
00 followed. The po-
dnapper at the first
id seemed to go bet-
2 kidnapper the mon-
2 received Marian,
<et and apparently
id, however. Her arms
sawn off and a wire
roat; her eyelids had
ve the appearance of

2 kidnapper, 19-year-
; arrested in Oregon.
same bank as Parker
‘er after being fired for
ly convicted, Hickman
3coming the first per-
rection with a ransom

qaeuser, Tacoma,
35: Spurred by reports
: grandfather's death
<idnappers snatched
Weyerhaeuser on his

CRIMEBEAT

lucky survivor: are family scion George”
Weyerhaeuser was successully ransomed.

way home from school. His parents
promptly paid the $200,000 ransom.
George was released unharmed after a
week, a little worse for wear from being
chained to trees and rocks in the woods.

The ransom money, its serial numbers —

recorded, started popping up immediately.

Within two weeks, the first two kidnappers,
Harmon and Margaret Waley, were caught ~

in Salt Lake City. Plot leader William
Dainard remained at large for almost a

year before the FBI arrested him in San |

Francisco. The trio received terms ranging
from 20 to 60 years.

harles Mattson, Tacoma, 1936: A few :

days after Christmas, a gunman burst
into the home of Dr. William Mattson, a

prominent surgeon, seized 10-year-old —
Charles, and left a ransom note demanding
$28,000. Oddly enough, Charles had been

a playmate of George Weyerhaeuser’s.
The Mattsons prepared to pay and com-
municated with the kidnapper via newspe-

per ads. However, the kidnapper suddenly

stopped responding and never collected
the ransom. Charles’s frozen body was
found in an Everett, Washington, field two

weeks later, He had been beaten to death. ©
The case became the first major unsolved _
ransom kidnapping since the FBI assumed

jurisdiction.

obby Greenlease, Kansas City,

Missouri, 1953: Using the same “il

relative” ruse as Ed Hickman, six-year-old

Bobby, son of a wealthy car dealer, wa

taken from his private school. The

reenleases paid the record-setting
' hs ransom within the week. It was

Yi Young, Beverly Hills, 1967: In

a daring crime, 11-year-old Kenneth

was kidnapped from his second-floor bed-
-room as he slept. The ransom was set at

$250,000. His father, a wealthy bank pres-

~ ident, wisely complied and Kenneth was re-

leased unharmed. It was one of the largest

_ransoms ever paid for a live victim.

Kidnapper Ronald Miller, an IRS agent,
enjoyed his windfall for almost three years

before he was arrested three days before

the statute of limitations expired. He was
convicted and sentenced to life.

eith Amold and Gerald Craft, Detroit,

1973: In what was called the “Black
Lindbergh Case,” six-year-old Keith—a
child model and actor best known for his
impish grin in a Kentucky Fried Chicken
commercial—and eight-year-old Gerald
were kidnapped as they played football.
The kidnappers initially set ransom at
$53,000, but later dropped their demand

howchilla kidnappers and {above} one of their many victims, 1O-yearold Darla Daniels.

SHOCKED NE NALIUN

kidnappers, Byron Smith, Geary Gilmore,
and Jerome Holloway, were all captured
and received life terms.

howchilla, California, 1976: In the

most massive kidnapping in U.S. histo-
ry, three men hijacked a school bus return
ing children from summer school. The 26
children and driver were imprisoned in a
moving van buried in a quarry in Livermore,
4100 miles away.

Luckily, the improvised subterranean
prison wasn't especially secure. While the
kidnappers relaxed, letting suspense build
and putting the final touches on their $5
million ransom letter, the victims were
working, Sixteen hours later, they escaped.
Within two weeks, the three kidnappers,
Frederick Woods, Richard Schoenfeld, and
James Schoenfeld (left to right, below),
were captured and sentenced to life. O

APRIL 1993

49


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44 Police, who’d been under intense

pressure fo

‘catch the beast who killed Little Lindy,’ bent

and twisted every shred of evidence.

1

speech and an amazing memory about
even the most minor details of the case.
She’s been making court appearances in
her battle against New Jersey officials who
insist that justice was done. In her attempts
to get the verdict overturned, she holds

press conferences and gives interviews, ful- |

ly aware that public opinion might help
sway the state to listen to her pleas.

She’s even enlisted the help of Anthony
Hopkins, who played Hauptmann in a 1976
TV dramatization of the case. Although the

script was largely based on the prosecu- |
tion’s view—guilty as charged—Hopkins |
drew such a sympathetic portrait of

Hauptmann that many viewers came away
feeling that the state had executed the wrong
man.

Hopkins later told Mrs. Hauptmann that
he came to believe in her husband’s inno-
cence after studying documents and photos
of the case. A little over a year ago he’ wrote
to New Jersey Governor Jim Florio, asking
him to take a fresh look at the case. “I am
convinced of his innocence,” Hopkins
wrote, “and would like to add my name to

those many others pleading for
Mm a public review.”

APRIL 1993

Determined widow Anna Hauptmann and her
lawyer have sued to clear her husband's name.
Below, possible murderer Isidor Fisch; right,
baby's decomposed remains.

Hopkins’s letter apparently had some
effect: last March Florio
kicked

the whole question

to the state parole board, which began

reviewing the documents. At this writing,
no decision has been reached.

For more than two years after the ransom
was paid, police tracked thousands of leads
without success. Then, in September 1934,
they arrested Hauptmann, a 35-year-old immi-
grant German carpenter, after tracing a ransom
bill to him that he’d spent for a few dollars’

worth of gas. In the garage behind his home,
they found almost $15,000 of the ransom.

Hauptmann claimed that the money had
been left with him for safekeeping by a
friend and business associate who had taken

a vacation back to Germany,
where he died of tuberculosis.
And, Hauptmann said, he’s spent
only a small amount of the
hoard after learning that his
friend had cheated him out of
about $7,000.

No one believed his story.

Police, who’d been under in-
tense pressure to “‘catch the
beast who killed Little
Lindy,” as one tabloid put it,
then bent and twisted every
shred of evidence, as the
documents show, to con-
form to the picture they
believed from the start: that
Hauptmann was guilty.

When Hauptmann was asked where he’d
been on the day of the kidnapping, for in-
stance, he said he’d worked on the construc-
tion of the Majestic Apartments on Central
Park West and 72nd Street. He quit at a little
after five p.m., washed up, and took the sub-
way home to the Bronx. A woman, Frieda
von Valta, came forward to say she’d ridden
the subway to the Bronx with Hauptmann.
His alibi almost completely eliminated

51


: Hauptmann as a suspect because, in those
: days before tumpikes, the trip to Lindbergh’s
- home would have taken at least three hours,
: probably more, because March | had been a
: very rainy and windy day.

But the payroll records at the place
: Hauptmann worked, and the statement by
: Mrs. von Valta, were suppressed. As far as
: the jury ever learned, Hauptmann had no le-
: gitimate alibi for the day of the kidnapping.

- Hauptmann also had an explanation for
: possessing the ransom money. He said that
: he and his friend Isidor Fisch, a fellow
: German, were in business together. Fisch
: speculated in raw furs and pelts—he was a
: furrier—and Hauptmann, a player in the
: stock market, bought and sold stocks for
' their account. All the details of their transac-
: tions, including evidence that Fisch had
: cheated Hauptmann out of thousands,
: would be found in several large ledger
: books in Hauptmann’s apartment.

Police and prosecution claimed they nev-
: er found any ledger books, and the State
: Attorney General, David Wilentz—who
: personally prosecuted a strictly local crime
: because he saw a chance to advance his po-
- litical career—labeled Hauptmann’s expla-
: nation as “the fish story.”

Yet FBI documents analyze page after
: page of those “nonexistent” ledgers.
: Somehow they never surfaced. Another alibi
: destroyed. Similarly, although Hauptmann
: maintained that he didn’t find the ransom
: bills that Fisch had left him for safekeeping
: until just a month before his arrest, this
: statement had to be given the lie. Police had
' no evidence that Hauptmann had passed any
: of the bills earlier—and several dozen were
: passed in the city—so they had to find a wit-

lice recreated the
kidnapping with the rickety ladder (inset) they
claimed Hauptmann, a carpenter, had built.

ness who’d swear Hauptmann had passed
one of them long before the date he claimed
he’d found the money in Fisch’s belongings.

That witness was Cecil Barr, cashier in a
Greenwich Villager theater. She swore that on
a cold November night almost a year before
Hauptmann’s arrest, a man had bought a tick-
et with a ransom bill. That man, she swore,
was Hauptmann. Hauptmann’s defense was
that that night was his birthday, and that he’d
been home celebrating with his wife and
friends. The jury believed Cecil Barr.

ness? Lindbergh neighbor Amandus Hochmuth (left, old and legally blind, received part of the $25,000
reward for testifying he'd seen Hauptmann's car (right) drive past the house with a ladder strapped to it.
Above, the handwriting comparisons that helped the state's case; top, the ransom money.

52

But she lied. When she was first ques- :
tioned by police about the ransom bill, the :
man she described didn’t resemble :
Hauptmann physically. More important, she
said that the man wasn’t a foreigner; he’d :
had, she said, “an American accent.” |

Hauptmann’s accent was heavily German.

Barr’s original statement never reached

Hauptmann’s lawyer. The lie was given to the jury.

Among the most damning pieces of evi- :
dence against Hauptmann was the testimony :
of seven handwriting experts who swore :
Hauptmann had written all the ransom let- :
ters. The prosecution’s leading expert was
Albert S. Osborn, then the top handwriting :
expert in the country. He and the other ex-
perts testified at length that there could be :
no doubt that Hauptmann had written all the:
letters. But the police files contain several

documents casting doubt on that conclusion.

During Hauptmann’s first day in custody, :
he was asked to write several dozen copies :
of a specimen paragraph that Osborn had :
suggested be given to all suspects so the ex-
perts could compare those writings against :
the ransom letters. The specimen was made |

up of many words contained in those letters.

Police dictated the paragraph to :
Hauptmann and, against all the caveats of |
Osborn and other experts, even dictated the :
misspellings that were in the ransom letters; a
cop later admitted this deception in his mem- :

oirs, although it never came out at the trial.

After getting Hauptmann’s specimen :
writings, they rushed the material to Osborn. :
At first, Osborn reported that it didn’t appear
possible that Hauptmann had written the
ransom letters; Hauptmann was probably :
not the extortionist. The police official in :
charge of the case called Osborn and told :

APRIL 1993

SAVE 33 _

Inside

tOuUCne...<.
crime to tt
ment as n
CrimeBea’

@ ‘Crimel
@ “Don’t

If you li


(Left) Photo taken
near the Trenton
R. R. Station. Mrs.
Hauptmann became
very homesick for
the baby, and a
friend brought him
down to the station.
The picture was
taken just after she
received the baby
in her arms. The
author, Jean
Adams, is at the
right

By JEAN

OR more than five months I lived with Anna flauptmann

I ate with her. I slept with her. I went shopping

with her. I tended her baby, Mannfried.” I helped

her with her housework. I met all her friends. |]
talked with her alone for hours. I accompanied her on every
one of her many visits to the death house in New Jersey
State Penitentiary, in Trenton, when she went to see her
husband, Bruno Richard Hauptmann.

Yet, incredible as it may seem, Anna Hauptmann, widowed
by the electric chair, today is as much of an enigma to me
as she was the first day I was assigned by my City [cditor
to become her constant companion until her husband walked
the ‘Last Mile.”

Truly, she is a human puzzle, a jigsaw puzzle of emotions
which belie each other.

Many people who do not concur in the belief of the au-
thorities that Hauptmann was a “Lone Wolf” in the com-
mission of the outstanding “Crime of the Century,’ —the
kidnaping and murder of the world’s.most famous baby,
Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., profess to believe that
the dour-faced German carpenter went to his doom shielding


(Below, left to right) Mrs. Hauptmann, her baby,
and Jean Adams, the author, photographed through
the window of limousine as it stood outside the State
Penitentiary at Trenton, a few days before Haupt-
mann was executed. The child was néver inside
the Penitentiary on the wish of the father who said
that he (the father) didn’t belong in there

\N

auptmann,
{ shopping

I helped

(Right) Mrs.
Hauptmann and

the author arrive
at the State Pris-
on Death House,
Trenton, just be-

a woman accompliee who aided in earrying out the crime fe Sea
t an accomplice aided in carrying out the cnme. <7. tg the

Some profess to believe-—-nay, even argue-—that Mrs. — etectric aie
Anna Hauptmann, the blondish, thirtvish, scanty-evebrowed This was Mrs.

fnends. J

hausfrau mother of the cleetrocuted man’s young son, is that
woman!
But | am certain, quite certain, that this is not. the case.

Hauptmann’s last
visit to her hus-
band. Note ex-

sec) her Were she—then, Mrs. Hauptmann was weirdly miscast in  Pressions on the

her life role faces of the stocky

‘ ver life role. tna aE ta et
lowed ld swear that if she had knowledge of the erime which her ae

husband expiated with his life, she is the world’s greatest
actress-—another Bernhardt, another Duse, another len
Terry!

That she was the most loval of wives, there certainly can
be no dispute, Nor can there be any doubt as to her sin-
cerity in her role of motherhood,

Anna Hauptmann was so conyineed of her husband's in-
nocence that up until the very moment her husband was
strapped into the chair, she believed that some power, Divine
or human, would intercede to save his life.

And, even after she was stripped of this blind faith, she
believed-—-and still believes--that (Continaed er jicge 102)

and the woman
back of Miss
Adams


information supplied by Geoghan’s own
men, that Schlossman had been hanging
around with a dubious character by the
name of Harry Weiss, also of Brooklyn,
who drove a taxi now and then.

Without making known this information
to Wendel, Geoghan maneuvered him into
the Motor Vehicle Bureau where he had
Wendel look over the photographs of
those who had applied for taxi licenses.
Wendel, in the course of a few hours ex-
amination, then picked out Weiss’ pho-
tograph—and named him as another of
his torturers.

Then Schlossman broke! He confessed
he had been hired to take part in the
Wendel kidnaping. He named Murray
Bleefeld and Harry Weiss and his con-
federates. He told detectives where they
would find the four posts and other
lumber to which Wendel had been chained
during his ten days of torture.

The implications of his confession were
astounding. While he did not name either
Ellis Parker or his son, the connection
between his delivery of the prisoner to
the Mt. Holly detective and the latter’s
strange jailing of Wendel in New Lisbon
was inescapable.

Geoghan at once instituted a wide
search for Bleefeld and Weiss.. He also
assembled the grand jury. On April 23,
1936, the jury indicted not only Schloss-
man but also Ellis Parker, Jr., son of the
detective and Harry Weiss. ;

Then came another of those fantastic
twists for which the whole Lindbergh
case is notorious. Parker’s son disap-
peared, and his father, who had solved
more than 100 tough murder mysteries,
was called upon to run him down.

Meanwhile the search for Bleefeld and
Weiss was pressed with startling results.

On April 29, Weiss was captured in

Youngstown, O. He, too, promptly con-

fessed. He said he had entered into the

scheme on the promise of Ellis Parker’s
son that he would be made a state trooper.
What was more, he said that the younger
Parker had stood outside the basement
door of the Bleefeld home during Wen-
del’s captivity and personally directed the
torture of the former Trenton lawyer.

Plot Hatched In Hotel

HORTLY after Bleefeld was arrested

in Savannah, Ga. His story was even
more sensational. He said Ellis Parker,
Sr., had hatched out the Wendel kidnap-
ing plot with him in a New York hotel on
Feb. 12 and had given him money to skip
town when the case became “hot.”

Meantime, Weiss, extradited to
Brooklyn, tried to hang himself in his
cell but was cut down in time.

There was now no doubt in Geoghan’s
mind that Wendel had been the victim of
an infamous scheme to pin the guilt of
kidnaping the Lindbergh baby on him
by torturing him into a confession. So
the district attorney went before the
Kings county (N. Y.) grand jury and se-
cured the indictment of Ellis Parker, Sr..
and on June 3 served a warrant for his
arrest,

But Geoghan reckoned without the
Jersey boundary. Parker, Sr., accepted
service of the warrant and his son sur-
rendered to his father. But Gov. Hoffman
of New Jersey flatly refused to extradite
either one of them.

There the matter stood until July when
the Federal grand jury at Newark, N. J.
undertook to investigate the Wendel case
under the so-called Lindbergh law.

The federal grand jury indicted the
Parkers, Bleefeld, Weiss and Schlossman

SS eS tS Sasi la Se

for the kidnaping on Oct. 10. Trial was
set for February.

With that indictment to back him up.
Geoghan brought Bleefeld, Weiss and
Schlossman to trial on the New York
state charge in January of this year. The
trial blew up. Bleefeld pleaded guilty and
testified against his confederates but the
jury failed to agree. A new trial was
ordered.

At the second trial neither Schlossman
nor Weiss offered any defense. They were
convicted and sentenced to 10: to 20 years
in Sing Sing. Sentence on Bleefeld was
deferred, pending outcome of the Parkers’
trial in Federal court.

The court ordeal of the Parkers was
not without the bizarre note which marks
all things connected with the Lindbergh
case. The trial had barely begun when
two men, a clerk in the Newark Bureau
of Weights and Measures and a bartender.
were indicted for attempting to tamper
with the jury.

But in the end, after many legal turns
and twists which confused the judge as
well as the jury, the lady foreman, with
tears in her eyes, read the verdict which
meant imprisonment and disgrace for a
man who had served the law for almost
half a century.

On July I, 1937, Ellis Parker, Sr.—
America’s “Sherlock Holmes”—was sen-
tenced to six years in Federal prison. His
son, described by the court as his loyal
dupe, was given three years.

And thus was concluded the amazing
aftermath of the tragic Lindbergh case,
the blackest crime in the history of the
United States. It brought death to a
beautiful child, indescribable anguish to
an American hero, execution to Haupt-
mann, kidnap and torture to Paul Wendel
—and ruin to the Parkers, father and son.

California’s Case of the Scarlet Fish Scale

or Mexican. They furnished us with a
widening field of inquiry. A swarthy
fisherman, with the hot blood of the
Latins in his veins, would be capable of
luring Frank Olmstead to a lonely place
and a knife would be: the natural murder
implement of such a man.

But why had the Cardoza ranch been
selected?

And could the knife have been thrown?

Jack Ross and I puzzled over both
questions as we walked back up the
hill to the ranch house. We agreed that
from the depth of the wound and, more
conclusively, from the bruise which the
handle guard had left, the knife was
thrust into the victim with the full force
of a powerful arm. From the shape and
type of knife, however, we decided it may
conceivably have been the property of a
knife thrower. And we added to Camp-
bell’s list of suspects the notation that
any men of Olmstead’s acquaintance who
had shown proficiency as a knife thrower
could be considered a major suspect until
he had been eliminated through the usual
course of alibis or lack of more conclusive
proof.

Three additional knives were added to
our list from the Cardoza house. But
again we scanned a group of lengthy and
ugly blades and were convinced that fone
of them were of the type or size we had

58

[Continued from page 37]

conceived the murder weapon to be.

We questioned the family again. But
all professed no knowledge than that
which they had already given.

“He was killed at about 2 o'clock in the
morning or soon after,” I informed them.
“That is what the doctors said.”

“And we were in bed by that time,”
said one of the girls, checking the fact
with her sister and mother as all three
eyed the kitchen clock. “I looked at the
clock and it was just after 1:30 when we
went to bed.”

“Even so,” the father supplemented his
daughter’s remarks, “that car was parked
too far from the house for us to hear it
unless the wind was right.”

Once again we went over the matter
with John Ballejo and I felt a twinge of
pity for him as he cringed under our
questioning and seemed to feel that he
had to be on the defensive.

“I’m a poor ranch hand,” he said in
his dull, slow way. “That’s why they

pee that car nearest to my cabin.

hat’s why somebody’s trying to put it
onto me. I never had any trouble with
Frank. I often used his boat to fish. in.
Somebody’s trying to plant this thing on
me.”

We assured him no one would be ac-
cused of the crime until more definite
evidence came to light. We told him that

none of his knives fitted the type of
weapon we were seeking.

“A guy could throw it,” offered John
Ballejo helpfully.

I explained the physical appearance of
the wound and the bruise that the guard
had left upon the dead man’s flesh. He
listened carefully and then repeated:

“A guy could throw it after he done the
thing, I mean. Throw it away.”

And then he helped us search. In ever
widening circles from the automobile, in
every clump of weeds or brush and in a
deep arroyo that rains had washed
through the sun parched earth, we sought
the knife.

Jack Ross stood at the car door and
hurled one of the confiscated knives as
far as he could, then followed it up and
searched the ground for yards around
where it landed. He repeated the act until
he had described a circle completely
around the automobile. But the morning
wore on and the glaring California sun
slanted toward the ocean, and we found
no knife where a killer may have thrown
it in the first moment of his cooling mad-
ness when he realized the enormity of
the act he had committed.

For two days we checked among the
fishermen who had known Frank Olm-
stead and who, the gossip of the water-
fronts held, had bore him even slight ill-

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fishermen

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tempers. '
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lence and

Jack R
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knowledge of Wendel’s Brooklyn torture
and expressed the opinion that the whole
story was faked by Wendel to back up
his repudiation of his confessions. He ad-
mitted Wendel had repudiated those be-
fore he was turned over to: Mercer county
authorities. But Parker said he had with-
held the written repudiation because it
was the usual thing prisoners did and
because he firmly believed Wendel guilty
of the Lindbergh kidnaping and murder.

Dr. Carroll T. Jones, superintendent of
the New Lisbon hospital, backed Parker
up. He said he had talked frequently with
Wendel during his incarceration there
and that Wendel had always referred to
Parker in friendly fashion and had never
once shown him any bruises or marks that
would indicate he had been tortured.

The grand jury was nonplussed. It did
not know whom to believe—a celebrated
detective with a record of more than 100
tough cases solved in 44 years as an
officer, or an ex-lawyer and chemist, twice
in trouble with the Bar Association and
even then under indictment for em-
bezzlement. So the jury took no action one
way or the other.

the

[Continued from page 15]

Thus, once more, it was Bruno Richard
Hauptmann’s hour to die.

This time there was no reprieve. The
execution went through as scheduled. But
even before the Bronx carpenter’s body
was cold, Attorney General Wilentz was
setting in motion machinery to get at
the bottom of the Wendel mystery—and
incidentally to avenge the alleged wise-
crack about “making Wilentz look silly.”

The New Jersey attorney general was
not alone in his action. J. Edgar Hoover’s
G-Men joined in. Doubt had been cast
on the case they had built up against
Hauptmann and their prestige demanded
that the slur be wiped out.

A third party to. this post-execution in-
vestigation was District Attorney William
F, X. Geoghan, of Brooklyn. Wendel had
said Brooklyn was the scene of his in-
carceration and if his statement was true
Geoghan was out to prove that Brooklyn
officers had had no hand in it.

The whole peculiar ,criss-cross of
charges and counter charges was made
more bitter by the admitted fact that
there was no love lost between any of
the three investigators and Gov. Hoffman

Judge William Clark of the U. S. Court at Newark, N. J., passed sentence on

Ellis Parker, Sr., and his son for their part in the Wendel case.

Bizarre Finale of the Lindbergh Case

of New Jersey. Hoffman avowedly and
publicly was the intimate friend of Ellis
Parker.

Wilentz’ first move was to question the
Wendel family. Wife, daughter and son
promptly stated that Wendel was at
home the entire night of the Lindbergh
kidnaping and could not possibly have
had a hand in it. They then declared that
Ellis Parker, Jr., the Burlington county
detective’s son, had made repeated visits
to their home prior to Wendel’s kidnaping.
He boldly propositioned Wendel, Sr., to
assist in solving the Lindbergh case so
that all could share in the royalties of a
book setting forth their solution “which
would make us all a million.”

Wendel Picks Photo

ILENTZ then released Wendel into

the custody of Geoghan, whose first
move was to take the former lawyer to
the rogues gallery in Brooklyn to see if
he could pick out the faces of the men he
charged with kidnaping him.

Wendel spent half a day going over the
thousands of photographs. Eventually he
selected one. It was the picture of Murray
Bleefeld, who had done some time for
misdemeanors.

Bleefeld’s home address was Voorhies
avenue in the Sheepshead Bay section of
Brooklyn. Geoghan took Wendel out
there. The former lawyer became excited
as soon as he saw the place, one of a row
of 10 two-story-and-basement houses.

“This is where I was held prisoner,” he
exclaimed.

The district attorney didn’t know
whether to believe him or not. But as
Wendel went through the place, picking
out a white china plate with flowered de-
sign, a gallon jug and a garden spade with
a few nicks in one side, the prosecutor
began to believe there might be some
truth in the Wendel story and identifica-
tion. Accordingly, he ordered that mem-
bers of the Bleefeld family gather to-
gether in one room.

Murray Bleefeld was not in the house.
But as other members of the family, in-
cluding Martin Schlossman, his brother-
in-law, lined up in the sitting room,
Wendel pointed excitedly to Schlossman
and cried:

“That’s one of them! That’s one of the
nien who tortured me!”

Geoghan again was in doubt as to
Wendel’s veracity. Nevertheless, there
was nothing else for the district attorney
to do but take Schlossman, protesting
and indignant, into custody and see what
a little close questioning down at head-
quarters would bring forth.

Wendel, of course, was loud in his as-
sertions that his innocence had been
proved—even though Schlossman had
admitted nothing and nothing had been
proved, But while the interrogation was
going on down at headquarters, Geoghan
instituted a quiet checkup on the Brooklyn
suspect. This brought forth two items
of impressive significance.

One was the fact that on the night of
Feb, 24—the night when Wendel said he
had been delivered to Ellis Parker’s
home—Schlossman had received a
ticket for passing a red light on the direct
road to Mount Holly. The other was the

57

ad

26 True Detective Mysteries

(Left) Chief
of Police
JamesR.
Travers, of
Milton, Mas-
sachusetts,
who has
given TRUE
DETECTIVE
MYSTERIES
the inside
story of this
infamous
case

from the rest of the students.

Meanwhile, the problem was to
safeguard Constance Morrow from
abduction or injury and keep the
student body at Milton Academy
from suspecting anything. The.
girl must go about the campus and
engage in the regular student activi-
ties, attend her classes, in a normal
and natural manner. One false
move and there would be gossip;
the story would reach the news-
papers and the criminal would know
that his intended victim had defied
his threats. She might be in im-
minent and terrible danger.

PTHAT the secret was kept is an’
amazing thing. Newspapermen

row at Milton Academy, trying
to get the child's “impressions” of
her big sister's romance with “Lindy,” seeking to find out
anything Constance might know about the date and plans
for the wedding, which at that-time in late April was under-
stood to be set for a day in June not yet definitely determined.

This story I am now telling may explain to some of these
ubiquitous newspaper writers why they experienced so much
trouble in obtaining the extended ‘interviews with Constance
Morrow that their editors had sent them after.

And then the criminal made his next move in his ‘$50,000
or death" plot. :

‘He had given his intended girl victim until May roth,
1929, to secure $50,000 in cash from her father, the American
Ambassador at Mexico City. Evidently, he did not even
suspect that Constance Morrow had defied the threats in his
first ultimatum, that she would,.share the fate of Dorothy
Arnold, Alice Corbett and Frances St. John Smith if she
dared to talk or to refuse his demands.

So he sent a second letter to Constance Morrow at Milton
Academy, even more scurrilous than the first. He apparently
believed that she had secured the money, for he gave the girl
detailed directions, instructions in the most minute detail,
as to wha: she was to do with the $50,000.

Constance Morrow was instructed to leave her room in
Hathaway House, one of the girls’ dormitories at Milton
Academy, at 7:10 P. M. on Saturday, May 18th. She was
ordered t walk to Milton Lower Mills by way of Center
Street, Rindolph Avenue and Brook Road, carrying the
money wi'h her. At Milton Lower Mills she was instructed
to walk : cross the bridge over the Neponset River to the

(Above) Milton Police Headquarters, where many
P ‘ ' fevered conferences were held during the frantic days
and girl writers seeking feature when the authorities were laying the trap for the
stories for the daily and Sunday perpetrator of the plot. (Right) Another pose of
papers were after Constance Mor- Colonel Lindbergh, taken or time of hia. mysterious

Boston side and board a certain bus for Mattapan Square.

Arriving at Mattapan Square, Constance Morrow was
directed to change to a designated bus for Hyde Park, where
she must change to still andther bus for Dedham Center.
In Dedham, the instructions stated, she must change to a
fourth bus for Westwood. When the bus arrived at Grove
Street, Westwood, she was directed to leave at a certain place
and to walk along Grove Street, counting the arc lights
as she walked.

At the sixth arc light, Constance Morrow was ordered to
throw the package containing $50,000 over the stone wall
that she would see bordering the highway.

A map accompanied the
instructions, and on. it
were shown in the greatest
detail the exact course to
be followed and the exact
time each bus. was to be
met and boarded.

The blackmailer’s in-
structions and map con-
cerning the $50,000 revealed a
startling thing.

"TRE spot where the girl was
directed to throw the ransom
money, over a stone wall on
Grove Street, Westwood, was on
the beautiful country estate of
General Clarence R. Edwards,
commanding officer of the 26th
“Yankee Division” in the World
War. This splendid estate,
known as “Dunroving,” is one
of the show places of Westwood.
Why the specific instructions?
Why the zigzag course? Why
take the $50,000 from Milton
Academy all the way to a lonely
section of Westwood?
(Continued on page 88)

— ee us

The scene
Road, nea:
sylvania, °
Gibson we
the night
1928. G
fiancée—D
shown i

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eived the news
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iny immediately
Villiam J. Burns
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hem to make the
imount duty.

Morgan & Com-
ake charge of the
m came to Miss

spired at Milton

, Herrick, Smith,
minent law firms,
o I was informed,
e by all concerned
-ime from leaking

itive, both for the
threatened in. the

NT OF
JOURNEY

first letter and also to aid us in capturing the sinister criminal
who had singled her out as his victim.

Our problem was greatly complicated by the tremendous
publicity Colonel Lindbergh and his fiancée, Miss Anne
Morrow, were being given by the big daily newspapers, the
press associations, motion picture camera men and other
agencies catering to the avid curiosity and hero-worshiping,
romance-loving propensities of about 120,000,000 men, women
and children throughout the nation.

Scores of reporters. and photographers were on the job
night and day, watching every move of the beloved “Lindy”
and his fiancée’s family, and it seemed almost impossible for
us to conduct our investigation with the requisite energy and
thoroughness, meanwhile providing Constance Morrow with
the necessary efficient protection, and still prevent some news.
of the criminal plot leaking out.

THE private detectives employed by the Morrow family,

conferring with the representatives of J. P. Morgan &
Company, decided on a sensational move. It was proposed
that the threatened, imperiled girl be secretly spirited away
from her dormitory at Milton Academy, in the dead of night,
and that a double be cleverly installed at the school to play
the part of Constance Morrow and act as a decoy for the bold
criminal we were seeking to capture.

Picking a young girl to act as a decoy was no easy task.
First, she must closely resemible Constance Morrow, and,,
second, she must be a young woman of exceptional courage

and fortitude, a young woman with quick wits and the cool :

determination to go through with her difficult réle.

Plenty of women operatives among the ranks of detective :
agency employes would have -jumped at. the chance, un-
doubtedly, had they known about the secret scheme, but
none of these would do. Conétance Morrow was not yet
sixteen years old, and the double picked to act as a decoy,
to play the'réle planned to protect the wealthy girl from harm,
must, therefore, be very young; she must both look and act

WHERE, THE, SECRET
JOURNEY ENDED

*
"5M ae fiw
ee

United States Senator Dwight W. Morrow—one of the
most esteemed men in public life—who defied the dia-
bolical scheme of the extortionist

the part of an unsophisticated child in great trouble.

The substitution could be stealthily made as soon as the
criminal plotting against Constance Morrow made his next
move. The heads of Milton Academy would have to be
taken into the secret, for it was planned that if the girl
decoy were planted in the exclusive institution at the psy-
chological moment, the scheme must be kept a close secret

Who was in the plane
with Lindbergh when he
made his mystery flight—
and why?

> emt t Fiteng

—naeenaetgeagpnaass Seat % tS ype:

THE MORROW RESIDENCE
AT NORTH HAVEN?

MAIN Gz


ae

1a EAE

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True Detective Mysteries

How Lindbergh Smashed the Morrow
Blackmail Plot

(Continued from page 26)

The answer was obvious. And the second
letter with its patiently prepared map
indicated that Constance Morrow was not
the casual target of a mentally deranged
crank, but that she had been selected as the
intended victim of a cowardly crime by a
determined crook willing to expend the
painstaking efforts and time to make his
criminal plot a success.

Every detail of the blackmail map was
correct, The bus times given were exact.
The course had been carefully plotted out
and checked.

Starting from Hathaway House at the
time directed, Constance Morrow’s move-
ments would be shrouded in darkness.
During her walk to Milton Lower Mills
the criminal would be able to check up
whether she were alone or were followed.

The girl was ordered to ride on four dif-
ferent buses on her journey to ‘‘Dunrov-
ing” in Westwood. The criminal could
easily discover whether she were being
shadowed, if she were in any way guarded—
or he undoubtedly believed he could.

It was time to plant the decoy in place
of Constance Morrow at Milton Academy,
and the substitution of the girl’s double
was made in the middle of the night on

Friday, May 17th.

HE private detectives retained by J. Pv
Morgan & Company’s representatives
had made elaborate preparations. A caval-
cade of automobiles had. been’ arranged
for, and a strong force of trusty men, fully
armed and quite ready and willing to shoot
if the need arose.
Only a trusted few were in on the secret.
At the zero hour Constance Morrow
was quietly summoned from her room, and
as quietly and secretly the brave girl
double took the wealthy child’s place.
Every precaution had been’ planned to
avoid discovery of the substitution. Even
the remote possibility that some’ employe
of the institution-might-be in the plot was
considered and guarded against:
Shrouded in voluminous wraps, Constance

‘Morrow slipped out of the dormitory and

into one of the big, powerful automobiles,
waiting with drawn curtains. A chaperon
and armed detectives were already in the
car.

There was to bea swift race through the .

night over the highway. to Englewood,
New Jersey; a flight that was to restore
Constance. Morrow to her mother while,
the gallant young girl left behind’ to play
her part was facing—what?

I suspect ‘that ‘little Constance Morrow
got a great thrill out ‘of that long, swift
journey.‘ Daughter of a man who had been
an American. king of finance,: but’ Was now .
devoting ‘his life to ‘public ‘service‘through
the influence ‘of a‘ college friend who. had

become ' President of the,.United’ States, _

shé was given the zealous care ofa .princess.

Picked men,‘ armed to’defend her if the »
need ‘arose, were her‘ ‘escorts, and. others
trailed the powerful machiie i in which’ ‘she
rode, ever watchful against the possibility
of any unexpected occurrence.

Colonel Lindbergh, of course, was in on the
secret, as were the two older Morrow girls,

a]

Miss Anne and Miss Elisabeth. And I
have heard that the patience of the famous
“Lone Eagle” of the air was sadly irked by
the long delay required for the plans of the
detectives to mature. His idea of the
problem favored a quick hop to Milton in
one of his trusty planes, placing his future
“kid” sister-in-law aboard, and then speed-
ing away with her to safety, in bold de-
fiance of the cowardly blackmailer and all
his threats.

Taking Constance from Milton Academy
and trying to smuggle her secretly into the
Morrow home in New Jersey, would, of
course, jeopardize our chances of catching
the blackmailer red-handed. If the slight-
est inkling reached the criminal we sought
to trap that Constance had been spirited
away across four states, he would be warned
and on his guard. And the gallant little
girl who had taken Constance’s place
might be in great danger.

The elaborate, carefully arranged plans
of the detectives were apparently being
executed with perfect efficiency. Con-
stance was safely and secretly delivered
to her home in New Jersey. No hint of
her arrival had reached the newspapers. I
imagine that several hard-boiled editors
would have done some wholesale firing of
reporters and photographers had _ they
realized the big story their men had missed.

Yo back in the exclusive precincts of
Milton Academy, the girl chosen to
impersonate Constance Morrow had been
smuggled successfully into the latter’s
room, and provided with a supply of Con-
stancé’s clothing. She had been chosen
because she bore sufficient resemblance to
Ambassador Morrow’s youngest daughter
to impersonate her successfully before a
stranger’s eyes.

Within a few hours it would be time for
this girl decoy to start on the round-about
trip, on foot and by bus, to place the decoy
package, supposed to contain $50,000 in
cash, over the wall of General Edwards’
estate in Westwood. Until then she must
remain in seclusion, to insure that none
should suspect the substitution.

In the meanwhile, there was intense
activity to prepare with the utmost secrecy
for the springing of the trap. Several
other official authorities must be taken
into the secret, to secure the necessary
codperation. :

I sent word to Chief Peter J. Driscoll of
the’ Westwood Police and to Inspector
Edward P. Flanagan of the Dedham
Police, requesting them to come ‘to my
office in Milton for an important conference.

Chief. Driscoll and Inspector Flanagan

“soon arrived and were quickly: given the
_ salient facts of the situation.

Their co-
6peration was essential. There was no lack

of personnel, for the big, powerful Burns

Detective Agency, I was given to under-
stand, had ‘received practically unlimited
authority and:funds to protect the Morrow

‘ family ‘and to bring to justice those in-

volved in the bold criminal conspiracy.
The route Constance Morrow had been

ordered to follow in delivering the $50,000

was carefully studied. Chief Driscoll and

Inspec
with tl
The |
From
emy to
impersor
be watc
detective
passing
Some m
highway
or actin
ought t
surveilla:
guietly s
Headqua
Other
lower
bus _ for
girl decc
others v
route.
Square a
to report
gers and
The dz
agreed, wv
to be se
distinct
Academy
different
to guard
in additi
afoot alc
nue and

HE
’& for tl
generous
bus -stoy
jagged b
be on dt
nary bez
untowa
action.
The
point at
beautiful
opposite
where t
dropped
Almos
in therv
If we cc
problem
point. (
tion was
Any «
vicinity,


And I
famous
ked by
; of the
of the
ilton in
future
speed-
old de-
and all

cademy
nto the
vuld, of
atching
» slight-
souglit
spirited
warned
at little
3 place

d plans
» being
Con-
elivered
int of

I

tors
hring of
d they
missed.

‘incts of
iosen to
ad been
latter’s
of Con-

chosen
lance to
laughter
before a

time for
nd-about
he decoy
30,000 in
Edwards’
she must
lat none

intense
t secrecy
Several
ve taken
necessary

Yriscoll of
Inspector
Dedham
e to my
mnference.
Flanagan
ziven the
Their co-
is no lack
ful Burns
to under-
unlimited
» Morrow
se in-
ACY’
rad been
ie $50,000
iscoll and

”

Inspector Flanagan were well acquainted
with the Grove Street section of Westwood.

The plan agreed upon was this:

From Hathaway House at Milton Acad-
emy to Milton Lower Mills the girl decoy
impersonating Constance Morrow would
be watched and safeguarded by private
detectives, who would appear to be casually
passing or loafing at strategic points.
Some might be in automobiles along the
highway. Any person following the girl,
or acting suspiciously along this route,
ought to be detected by the thorough
surveillance, and could be quickly and
quietly seized and rushed to Milton Police
Headquarters.

Other detectives would appear at Milton
Lower Mills at the right time to catch the .
bus for Mattapan Square on which the
girl decoy was ordered to ride, and still
others would board this bus along the
route. They were to leave at Hyde Park
Square and then go to designated telephones
to report immediately on all other passen-
gers and incidents they had observed.

The danger-to be guarded against, it was
agreed, was that of permitting the same face
to be seen on more than one of the five
distinct legs of the trip from Milton
Academy to Grove Street, Westwood. A
different set. of detectives must be used
to guard each of the four designated buses,
in addition to the men assigned to the trip
afoot along Center Street, Randolph Ave-
nue and Brook Road. *

THe Burns Detective Agency arranged
L for this phase of the case with the most
generous thoroughness. At the various
bas stops and at other points along the
jagged blackmail trail, police officers would
be on duty, evidently patrolling their ordi-
nary beats, but actually watching for any
untoward event and in readiness for instant
action.

The crucial point, of course, was the
point at the wall of General Edwards’
beautiful country estate in Westwood,
opposite the sixth pole from the bus stop,
where the $50,000 package was to be
dropped by the threatened girl.

Almost directly opposite this spot there
in the rural solitude was an isolated house.
If we could use that house, our difficult
problem would be solved for that vital
point. Otherwise, it seemed that the situa-
tion was almost hopeless.

Any effort to plant detectives in the
vicinity, where they could watch the

An actual photo of the big amphibian in

True Detective Mysteries

trysting place, was likely to be fatal. : The
criminal .himself, or a confederate, might
already be planted there. Never would
he dare to show up to retrieve the package
supposed to contain $50,000 in cash until
he had carefully reconnoitered the neigh-
borhood and was sure that his movements
were unobserved. '

But if we could use that convenient
house, whence the critical spot might be
watched from behind drawn window shades,
night and day, there seemed to be an ex-
cellent chance for success. i

Chief Driscoll knew the residents and
owner of that house, and through him the
necessary arrangements were quietly made.

One at a time, at convenient opportuni-
ties, when it was certain that none was in
the vicinity who could observe what was
going on, armed men were smuggled into
this strategic cover.

By early twilight on Saturday, May 18th,
1929, all was in readiness. Not a hint of
our intensive activities had leaked out.
Constance Morrow had been transferred
from Milton Academy to the custody of her
mother in New Jersey, moved so swiftly
and secretly that none of the army of news-
papermen, we were confident, had the
slightest suspicion the young girl was not
still in Milton.

The trap was ready, and now it was to
be baited for its prey.

At 7:10 o'clock that evening the brave
young girl impersonating Constance Mor-
row stepped out of Hathaway House at
Milton Academy. She was wearing Con-
stance’s clothes and in the early twilight
anyone except an intimate friend might
have mistaken her for the youngest daughter
of the former J..P. Morgan & Company
partner.

She proved herself to be a consummate
actress, as well as a young woman of ex-
ceptional courage and quick wit.

Put yourself in the place of Constance
Morrow. How would you have felt? How
would you have acted? °

You are the young daughter of one
of the country’s richest men. Your father
is an intimate and life-long friend of the
President of the United States, and he has
been entrusted with the diplomatic mission
to Mexico. You are faced with torture
and death unless you persuade your wealthy
father to give you $50,000 to be delivered
to an unscrupulous criminal. “You have
secured the money, and you are on the way
to leave it as you have been instructed.

which Lindbergh made his secret journey

89

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5

oF |
ELL |
i

Co

OWN

the child to the finding of the skeleton,
that it would have been impossible for
the body of the Lindbergh baby, under
the circumstances set forth, to have been
reduced by ordinary forces to the condi-
tion of that skeleton found by the negro
truckman.

I will back this up with the official
report of the county physician who per-
formed the autopsy.

I will show a broad discrepancy in the
measurements of the stolen child and the
remains found.

And I shall point out that the official
Lindbergh investigation never actually
announced positively the finding of the
body of the Lindbergh child.

Something Wrong

BES the news “broke” that the
body of the Lindbergh baby had
been found, I made a hurried trip to the
scene of the greatest tragedy of modern
times.

About thirty feet from the Hopewell-
Princeton road, I stood gazing at the
spot where the colored truck driver had
accidentally discovered the remains of
a child.

“12

The entire surroundings were a mass
of thickly hedged underbrush and tim-
ber. But here and there were beaten
paths where searching parties which
must have numbered well into the thou-
sands, had carried on their campaign in
the hunt for the Lindbergh baby.

Since then, while meditating on the
subject with that lasting vision before
my mind’s.eye, I have realized that there
was something wrong with the picture.

I realized suddenly that it would have
been almost impossible for the Lind-
bergh child’s body to have lain in that

place for seventy-two days without dis- .

covery. :

As I have said, the location was with-
in five miles of the Lindbergh home. | It’,

was within thirty feet of the road that

had been congested with traffic for days —

after the abduction, And only a few
feet away were the visible evidences that
hundreds if not thousands of persons
had passed that way while they scoured

the countryside for the slightest clue as .

to the baby’s fate. acall

LINDBERGH ESTATE

The remains of a baby, terribly decomposed, were found in a depr
in the cool, shaded recesses of the woods as indicated in the above picture. ©
Mr. Dunlap contends that it was impossible for the body of the kidnaped

baby (inset) to have become so decomposed in the time involved. | /_

Poste ey

ession

Only a few feet away in one direction
telephone men had laid special wires t
carry messages from the Sourland™
mountain, home to the anxious. world.

It was clear to me that the body had® *
not been buried.. At most’ it had been”
covered’ lightly .with”.soil, Sand
grass, oie ely Rp le

If the body had been lying at this spot ©
when workmen erected the pole or when me
searchers. passed that way, decomposi-'
tion must have been very slow or th
odors of decomposition would have been... “} ©
noted by persons passing nearby. : Begs

Yet if the process of putrefaction had_ :
been slow in setting in, it must -have,-, 7°
continued slowly during most. of , the.
period afterward. ' i

How, then, could the robust body o
the Lindbergh child have’ been reduced.
to the pitiful skeleton described. by the
finder PON RAE OF ES ne

This question, I believed
some investigation.” I had first to ‘es
tablish’ the condition of the body whe
found. , It was not impossible, that, i

TARTLING DET

ny QT)

-. conditi:
scribed
~ -curacic

_» tiation:

it poss
~ mission
ee The
fully in
kidnap:
crime !
tween «
of Mar
Mrs. |
child’s
freque:

“which

was ki

- crib at

The

“were d:
» radio a

attention of i"

ee %

ountry in |
. hers
terrible,

usiness, A-
impunity,

‘ranks,
wealth

I) ‘coine

: nation

iSiatures


Coroner's physician found skeleton was

Al Dunlap, who studied facts and
records and theories and concludes, “It
is not possible that the child found
dead near the Hopewell road was the
missing Lindbergh baby.”

ee ceed

{
;
4
4
‘
'
:
;

a

By AL DUNLAP

Editor of “ The Detective,” official publication of the International Associ-

ation of Chiefs of Police,

\

EDITOR'S NOTE: Al Dunlap is a
well known figure in the world of crime
detection. He is editor and publisher of
the official journal of several organiza-
tions of police authorities and sheriffs
in the United States and Canada, He
knows intimately as many outstanding
investigators as any other man in the
world and is in their confidence. He

10

4 Bk
~1 alas.

and author of “ Bungling the Lindbergh Kidnap-
ing Case.”

has studied this case with these master
minds and his amazing discoveries at-
tract most serious consideration.

Mr. Dunlap, in this article, is writing
as an individual, and the amazing rev-
clations he makes do not necessarily rep-
resent the viewpoint of StartLING Dr-
TECTIVE ADVENTURES.
keen mind cut through the fog envelop-

But just as his -

ccpmmemmeemeeee

THE BODY FOUND
| WAS 3314 INCHES
_IN- LENGTH

Charles Mitchell, county physician:

who conducted autopsy, found Baby ;
_that the skeleton of the child iden », twenty
tified as that of the ki . One-ha
~ skeletc
kidnap
on the
is rep:

s circ
abe identifi
a oF aC vital

ing the case in his article on the buns :

gling of the investigation, he now prea. . wc
sents findings that reveal astounding the :
discrepancies in.’ official measurements hild Lin
of the Lindbergh baby and the autopsy | . y han
‘measurements of the skeleton that was: Lin there,
found and accepted as that of the ‘kid ‘Acne .
naped child, and: even more astonishi; igh ed
discoveries to bolster this theo May 12, 1

ADVEN’

‘U, county physician
the autopsy, found
on of the child iden-
the kidnaped Lind-
-asured thirty-three
nches in height—a
ne-half inches taller
‘al figures for the
‘s height.

s article on the bun-
‘tigation, he now pre-
it reveal astounding
ficial measurements
baby and the autopsy
the skeleton that was
das that of the kid-
ven more astonishing
ter this theory.

ING DETECTIVE

e
y

Ae

_ BABY LINDBERGH
ACTUALLY WAS 29
INCHES TALL

Baby Lindbergh actually was only
twenty-nine inches tall—four and
one-half inches shorter than the
skeleton found. The height of the
kidnaped child is definitely stated
on the official police circular which
is reproduced at the right. This
circular was sent broadcast when
identification of the child was of
vital importance to the hunt.

the kidnaping of Charles Augustus
Lindbergh, Jr., the skeleton of a
child was found in the Sourland moun-
tain district within five miles of the
Lindbergh home.
A negro truckman, leaving the Hope-
well road at 3:15 on the afternoon of
May 12, 1932, had gone some thirty feet

ADVENTURES

Te months and twelve days after

E ~

into the underbrush beside the highway
and there chanced upon the gruesome
find.

Had he scrambled to the top of the
hill above, this man could have seen in
the distance the white patch against the
new mountain greenery that was the
Lindbergh’s New Jersey home.

Since the world had been hunting for
more than seventy-two days the kid-
naped son of the most famous flier in
history, it is not surprising that this
skeleton was proclaimed to be that of
the missing child.

I am going to reveal here for the first
time in print most astounding evidence
to back up the theory that this was not
the skeleton of the missing Lindbergh

: hes taller than Lindbergh baby

baby. 1 am going to marshall for you
the inside facts regarding the identifica-
tion of the remains.

I shall give you the reasons why it
would have been almost impossible for
the body of a baby to have been lying
at this spot so near the Lindbergh estate
during the fevered search for the lost
little one without having been previously
discovered.

I shall go into many reasons why it
would have been to the advantage of
some interests suddenly to discover a
baby—the body of any baby—at that
particular time.

I shall show from the complete
weather reports of the district for the
seventy-two days from the abduction of

il


ay onartrar

Coe
=e <1

0.

eports,
ges of
y way,
in my
eks of
iakable
en the
he kid-
sit slip,
tter to
1 most
he ran-

 every=-
id been
n letter
on letter.
cn letter
. which
iter and

I was
een the
writing,
writing.
ny lab-
was, all
eonvince
ous J. J

Faulkner of the deposit slip, and the

author of the ransom

made that discovery, I would have staked
my life on the fact that Mr. X, whose

identity I did not know

written the ransom notes, and that Bruno
Richard Hauptmann had not, I woul
still stake my life on that belief.

I do not wish to become technical, but
I do wish to lay before you the reasons
for my conclusions about all that hand-

writing. For I am of

vietion that had my evidence been as-
sembled at the time of Hauptmann’s trial
and presented to the jury, the verdict

would have been far

was. ;
Look at Exhibit A.

indicated by the “Q’s” is questioned
indicated by the
g—the writing of

writing. The writing

“g’g” ig standard writin
Mr. X, as taken from his reports. ow,
that questioned writing in Exhibit A
comes from two sources, the line at the
top reading Prag this too you se

or.- he Dr. Hudson letter.
The four other questioned words are from
Notice how dots are

” is from t

the ransom notes.

used as punctuation in :
ter and also in the reports. This singular
form of punctuation ran throughout Mr.

X’s reports.

OW, notice the second important tie-
up in Exhibit A—the similarity in the
from the Hudson

“’s” in the sentence
letter and three of the
from the ransom notes

to the “k’s” in the

from the ransom notes.

Hudson letter, in fact,
found in a perusal 0

As I said before,

ransom notes are among the most pe-

culiarly formed letters
The same goes for the

letter. There can be absolutely no ques-
tion that both were written by the same

man. Thus the ransom

are tied up through that peculiar “k” with
d the latter in turn
is linked to Mr. A'S known writing by the
netuation.

the Hudson letter, an

rare use of dots as pul
Nor is that all we

Compare the word “or” in the top line
of writing with the combination “or” in

the word “before” in

ing. In this particular comparison, al-
though we do not have an exact replica,
one with the other, you will notice the
striking similarity, especially of the “1's.”
The method of execution in both com-

pinations is identical.

curving of the upward stroke of the
forming the connecting stroke to the “r,
this connecting stroke carrying high above

Ps

the top of the ©
horizontal top line of

Another comparison
cerns the letter tig

in the word “self” of the Hudson com-

munication and in the

ransom notes. In each instance the letter
“gs” yecurves, forming
continuing as the connective stroke to
the next letter. When coupling this form

with the method of

ularly noting the stop or hesitation occur-
ring in the forming of this. loop, we have
a very important ¢ aracteristic of identifi-

cation substantiating

Take the word “you” in the top line
and compare the letter “y” in it with the
letter “y” in the word “yet” of the stand-
ard handwriting. We must bear in min

. That letter ke
in the word “keep” in the sentence from
the Hudson letter is, you will notice, of
very peculiar formation but very similar

¢ millions of words
that even remotely resembles the strange
“)’s” of the ransom notes.

True Detective M. ystertes

notes. When

at the time, ha

the abiding con-

, a
‘

we ’

.

different than it Zé »
y. ‘ t

The handwriting

the Hudson let-

words reproduced

words reproduced
That “k” in the
is the only one I

the ‘k’s” in the

notes, you can see,

find in Exhibit A.

the standard writ-

a”

then forming the
the “r.”
of importance con-
Notice this letter
word “send” of the

a loop and then

production, partic-

the identity of the

Se ees ee ee es ae e
The letter sent to Governor Hoffman in the mysterious handwriting of “J. J. Faulk-
ner’—the enigma of the Lindbergh case


come-
urder,
when
clem-

cause

2 vet
» day
likely
h-bed

sed to
un of

see it
Excel-
ad my
st in-
ow to

ave min-
or three
the Gov-
’ the se-
ding the
I spoke,

complete
4 partial
dwriting
s natural
tween it
and the
. Hudson
3 in with
posit slip,

ordinary
-en post-
, the third
communi-
ointed to
the bot-
sorted to
hor of the
ym_ notes.
press me,

fiman, “I

Q” from

Jette TE cis

noticed them myself. That’s one of the
things that got me excited about this
letter. That and the fact that it secms
to be a sincere piece of writing. My per-
sonal opinion is that this letter has been
written by the man who signed the de-
posit slip. I think that man is somchow
involved in the crime and while he doesn’t
want to disclose himself and get into
trouble he nevertheless doesn’t want to
see Hauptmann go to the chair.”

I plunged into my analysis with the fer-
vor of a fanatic and in a few days had
arrived at some startling conclusions.
examined every word of the letter to the
Governor under & stereoscopic mi-
croscope, carefully noting the characteris-
tics, personal idiosyncrasies, method of

roduction and line quality of the writing.

“made enlarged photographic copies of
sample words in the letter and photo-
graphic enlargements of the signature on
the deposit slip and placed the writings
in juxtaposition. My conclusion was that
the J. J. Faulkner of the deposit slip
and the J. J. Faulkner of the letter to
Hoffman were one and the same man.

Among other things revealed to me in
the letter, was that the author had had for-
eign training of some sort and that he
was skilled in the disguise of enmanship,
but had unconsciously allow enough of
his natural writing to creep into the. let-
ter to Hoffman to constitute a dead give-
away of the fact that he had signed the
deposit slip. The “J” in January in the
daté was strikingly similar to the “J J”
in the deposit slip signature, as were the
“ys” in the letter signature. Other let-
ters in the Hoffman communication—the
“1 the “a,” the “u,” and the “y__re=
vealed unmistakably that, they had been
penned by the same individual who wrote
the word “Faulkner” on the deposit. slip.

| NEXT made a comparison between the
Hoffman letter and the anonymous
epistle that had been sent to Dr. Hudson.

ere J had more to go on than in my
comparison with the deposit slip signa-
ture. The Hudson letter throbbed with
those personal idiosyncrasies which are the
undoing of the forger, I was just about sat-
isfied in my own mind that the Hudson
letter, like the deposit slip, had been
penned by the same person that had writ-
ten to the Governor. But inasmuch as
both letters were disguises—and different
kinds of disguises—I couldn’t be sure.
would still have to have a sample of the
author’s standard writing before I could
be positive

As to a connection between the letter
to Hoffman and the ransom notes, I had
only suspicions. Here, too, I lacked that
bridge between the two—standard hand-
writing. But the mystery of the unrelated
writings had certainly come into focus
clearly enough for me to be spurred on to
further investigation. I had absolutely
made a tie-up between the deposit slip
and the letter to Hoffman. There were
enough personal characteristics to make
me suspect the fact that the same man
had written the. Hoffman and Hudson let-
ters, and the peculiar letter “kK” in the
Hudson letter and the rare use of dots
for punctuation in both communications
led me to a tie-up in my own mind at
least, with those letters and the ransom
note. Which in turn led me to the be-
lief that it was quite possible that the
author of the ransom notes and the man
who signed the deposit slip were the same.
If this turned out to be true, that meant
that Bruno Richard Hauptmann pos-
itively had not written the ransom notes,
because even the prosecution admitted
that Hauptmann had not been the J. J.
Faulkner whose name appeared on the de-
posit slip.

True Detective Mysteries 85

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84

selected the address at random.

I began a comparison of the writing in
the letter with that in the ransom notes
There most certainly was a marked sim-
ilarity in the “k’s.”” I had looked over
millions of words since Hauptmann’s ar-
rest in an effort to find that peculiar ad
and this letter to Dr. Hudson constituted
the first writing that gave me anything to
get really excited about. The Hudson let-
ter, however, bore all the marks of dis-
euised handwriting and_ despite the fact
that it looked hot I could not in honesty
say that the author of it and the author of
the ransom notes were one and the same
person. It was entirely possible that they
were and that the same man had resorted
fo two different disguises—one for the
letter to Hudson and one for the ransom
notes. But again the bridge or connect-
ing link between the two handwritings—
a sample of standard writing—was miss-
ing, and so the letter to Dr. Hudson was
held in abeyance, pending further devel-
opments.

GAIN there was a passage of time.
The first week in January of this

year, I received a message from a mem-
ior of Governor Hoffman’s secretarial staff
that the Chief Executive wanted to see
me at the New Yorker Hotel in Manhat-
tan. The Governor was very excited when
1 arrived. Ile drew me aside, reached into
his pocket for an envelope, and handed
it to me with the remark: ;

“Here, read this and see what you
think of it.”

{ reached into the envelope and read
the following letter:

New York, January Ist, 1936.
To his I¢xcellency
the Governor of the State of N. J.
Mr. Harold G. Hoffman.

Sir: As the Zero hour in the Haupt-
mann Case draws near I feel impelled
to direct these few lines to your Ex-
cellency, in order to dispel the pre-
conceived idea of the guilt of
Hauptmann or rather to sustain and
affirm you in your own and rightly
so formed idea of his innocence. In
spite of all the confusion and arti-

True Detective Mysteries

ficially created hateful atmosphere
attending his trial you seem to have
been the only person who was capable
of preserving an objective view of the
case notwithstanding all the animosity
and antagonistic feeling and outside
pressure, which factors combined were
able to sway a Jersey Jury of twelve
good but spineless people to return a
Verdict of guilty against an innocent
man in a Capital Case on purely
superficial—yea—artificially created
evidence. Hauptmann, an expert car-
penter, made the kidnap ladder, the
work of which an apprentice boy
of one month standing would be
ashamed of.

Hauptmann guilty of the crime, he
stands convicted of?

Does Your Excellency believe that,
in the own words of the most famous
judge in the case, who exercised un-
due and unconstitutional control over
12 simple minded good people. Of
course not, I know you don’t.

I cannot help but admiring you for
the fact, that you are about the only
person in dominant position who was
capable of sustaining an unbiased and
wide perspective of the case.

Hauptmann is not guilty, not of the
crime he stands convicted of.

All the poor bum is guilty of, is
his money madness, which made him
risk a Thousand Dollars or so of his
own good money, in the belief and
geet) notion, that he could get in-

ependently rich and by hiding this

cheaply acquired hoard, he brought
himself in all this trouble, nearly
causing him to lose his life, which I
hope now will be spared, now that I
have communicated to Your Excel-
lency and given you some of the in-
side dope. °

You will readily understand that
for personal reasons I am. not inter-
ened to go into further details and
your Honor will also believe me that
these lines are not dictated by a de-
sire to be informative.

All I intend to do is to follow the
impelling power of my conscience and
the desire to friendly assist you, to

prevent the State of N. J. from com-
mittang a legal blunder and murder,
and you will not rue the day when
you granted commutation ; for clem-
ency I cannot possibly invite, because
I cannot come out in the open.

You are comparatively young yet
and you might live to see the day
when the whole truth will likely
come out perhaps as a death-bed
story.

As far as Condon is concerned, ... .
.... You would be well advised to
take his assertion with a grain of
salt, he has reasons.

Having done my duty as I see it
before me and assuring your Excel-
lency of my highest regards and my
firmest belief in your highest in-
tegrity, who will know now how to
act in matters Hauptmann

I am closing
most respectfully
J J Faulkner

[ STUDIED the letter for fully five min-
utes before speaking. Two or three
times I glanced up and saw that the Gov-
ernor was taking careful note of the se-
riousness with which I was regarding the
communication. When at length I spoke,
I said:

“Governor, I’d like to make a complete
analysis of this. This letter is a partial
disguise of the writer’s real handwriting
but there is enough in it that is natural
for me to make a comparison between it
and the Faulkner deposit slip and the
anonymous ‘John’ letter that Dr. Hudson
got last month. If this one ties in with
the Hudson letter and the deposit slip,
we may be getting somewhere.”

The letter was written on ordinary
white stationery. It had been post-
marked New York. I turned to the third
of the four pages on which the communi-
cation had been penned and pointed to
the third and fourth lines from the bot-
tom. There, the writer had resorted to
the use of dots, as had the author of the
Hudson letter and the ransom notes.
“You know how those dots impress me,
Governor,” I said.

“Yes.” said Governor Hoffman, “I

Exhibit H—shows words incomplete and complete analyzed. Examine Line “S,” from handwriting of Mr. X, and Line “‘Q”’ from
ransom handwriting. Do you think they correspond or differ?

noticed th:
things tha’
letter. Th
to be a sin
sonal opin
written by
posit slip.
involved ii
want to |
trouble he
see Haupt
I plunge
vor of a
arrived at
examined
Governor
croscope,
tics, pers
productio
I made |
sample \
graphic «
the depo
in juxtay
the J. J
and the
Hoffman
Among
the lette:
eign tral
was skill:
but had

_ his natu

ter to H
away 0}
deposit

date wa
in the «
“J's” in
ters in °
a as the
vealed |
penned

the wor

NEX
Hofi:
epistle |
ere |
compar!
ture. T
those p:
undoing
isfied in
letter,
penned
ten to
both le
kinds ¢
would =
author’:
be pos:
As t
to Hof
only s
bridge
writing
writing
clear],
furthe
made
and t
enoug
me §
had w
ters,
Huds
for }
led 3
least.
note.
lief °
auth
who
If tl
that
itive
beca
that
Fau!

posi’


86

T had been in constant communication
with Governor Hoffman during the period
when I was making my analysis and re-
ported to him cither by telephone or per-
son whenever I had made what appeared
to me to be a further step forward. The
Governor was profoundly impressed when
1 walked into his apartment in Trenton
and laid my findings before him. This
was at the time when the Governor was
considering granting Hauptmann a re-
prieve. These handwriting tests of mine
constituted one of the reasons why a re-
prieve was granted to Hauptmann in Jan-
uary. But only one of the reasons. The
Governor had ample evidence of other
kinds proving beyond a moral doubt that
Hauptmann had not acted alone. Nat-
urally, he couldn’t disclose his informa-
tion while it was still in an incomplete
state, To have done that would have
shut off other avenues of information. Yet
the newspapers continued to hammer
away at him for what they termed his
meddling in the case. The thousands of
letters that poured into the Executive
Offices told a different story. They came
from the rank and file of the citizenry
and the ratio of their tone in favor of the
Governor’s stand was about two hundred
for to one against.

The Governor agreed with me that the
mysterious J.J. Faulkner might very well
have been the Mr. X of the ransom notes,
But the man’s real identity was another
matter. We had no idea where to begin
to look for him.

HEN came February 15th—the red let-

ter day of the Lindbergh case so far as
I um concerned. Early in the morning I
received a telephone call. Gus Lock-
wood, the motor vehicle inspector who
had been busy running down many angles
oi the Lindbergh case for the Governor,
was on the wire. He said he was in the
offices of a certain prominent detective
agency in midtown New York and asked
me to proceed there at once to meet him.

When I arrived at the detective agency,
Lockwood grected me. “Hello, Bill,” he
said, “I think we’ve unearthed the man
who wrote the ransom letters!”

I felt my eves widen. “Yes?” I replied.
“Great!”

“Yes,” Lockwood went on, “I think
when you analyze some samples of stand-
ard writing that we have, that you’ll say
this is the man.”

“Lead me to that writing,” I said.

Lockwood took me into another office
and introduced me to the president of the
detective agency. “Glad to know you.

True Detective Mysteries

Mr. Pelletreau,” said the man, extending
his hand. He handed me a sheaf of let-
iers. A cursory glance through them re-
vealed to me that they were reports that
had been turned in to the agency by an
operative. They were written in both
pen and pencil and were dated 1925—
seven years prior to the kidnapping of the
Lindbergh baby. “Now, this man,” began
Lockwood, in a tone that indicated to me
that he was going to explain all he knew
about the writer of the letters, “was em-
ployed by this agency—”

I HELD up my hand like a police officer
halting traffic. “Just a minute, Gus,” I
said. “If you don’t mind, I’d prefer not

to know a single thing about anyone:

whose handwriting I’m going to compare
with that on the ransom notes. I don’t
want to let any preconceived ideas enter
into any analysis I make. There’s been
too much of that already. I’d prefer to
take these without knowing a single thing
about the author and make my examina-
tion absolutely in the dark. After all,
what this man is, what he has done, and
how you happened to find out about him
is something on which I prefer to remain
strictly uninformed for the present.”

Gus saw my point. So did the pres-
ident of the detective agency. I could see,
however, that they were what you might
call dying to reveal to me the circum~-
stances that had put them on_ the trail
of this newest suspect. And frankly, I
was dying to learn all about those cir-
cumstances, for no one was more curious
about the many fabulous turns of the case
than I. But I put my duty before my
curiosity and left for my laboratory with
the letters in my brief case, little realiz-
ing that I was carrying with me a standard
of the handwriting of the man who, I
am today convinced, penned each and
every one of the Lindbergh ransom
letters.

The first thing I did was to read the
letters of the man to whom I shall here-
inafter refer to as Mr. X for content or
thought. They were all reports of Mr.
X’s investigations for his agency, to his
superior. As I read them, it occurred to
me that they sounded very familiar. You
know how such a feeling is. You read or
hear something and somehow you have
the impression that it is not exactly new.
Then there is the sudden realization as
to where you have heard it before, or
that it is similar to something else you
have read or heard. Well, that’s bow
it was with these reports of Mr. X’s. My
first impression was that I had read them

Another postcard sent to Lindbergh; printing and phrase are startling when you
examine them

before. Then when I got thinking about
that, I knew that I hadn’t read them be-
fore, and then I concluded that they were
similar to something else I had seen some-
where.

I can’t describe to you the feeling that
came over me when I realized what the
similarity was. Mr. X’s reports were
strikingly similar in tone to the ransom
letters. Let me give you a sample of this
similarity :

From one of X’s Reports
January 13th 1925
5 p.m

We arrived in troy this afternoon
and will devote this evening and a part
of tomorrow to locate M We will
Mail you todays report tomorrow
Morning the case in our opinion
requires Mr B or Mr S presence for
the purpose of formulating important
and definite plains in regard to this
case If you Gentlemen can not come
here thursday Morning or Even be-
fore that we will take it for Granted
that we are given a free hand in con-
ducting this case—and act accordingly
we will stop at the Above Hotel for
the present.

From One of the Ransom Notes
Mr. Condon
We trust you, but we will nott come
in your hause it is to danger. Tven
you cane note know of police or
secret servise is watching you
Follow, this instruction, take a car
and drive to the last supway station
from Jerome Ave line. One hundred
feet from the last station on the left
seide is a empty frankfurter stand
with a big open porch around you will
find o notise in senter of the porch
underneath a stone.
This notise will tell you were to find

us.

Act accordingly.

After % of an hauer be on the plase.
bring the mony with you

[' you will read aloud the report and
then the ransom note, you will find a
telling example of the similarity of ex-
pression of which I speak. This is espe-
cially true if you discount the misspelling
and bad English in the ransom note,
which, to my way of thinking, was sim-
ulated. The words “act accordingly,”
which appeared in the report, run through-
out the ransom notes. It was those two
words that struck me between the eyes
and further examination revealed that
they ran throughout the reports, too.

ay comparison of Mr. X’s reports,
which consisted of thirty-two pages of
writing that was natural in every way,
with the other questioned writings in my
possession led me, after three weeks of
night and day work, to the unshakable
conclusion that Mr. X had written the
two postals mailed at the time of the kid-
napping, the signature on the deposit slip,
the letter to Dr. Hudson, the letter to
Governor Hoffman and, last and most
important, each and every one of the ran-
som notes.

Mr. X’s reports were the key to every-
thing. Previously, the best I had been
able to do was to tie the Hudson letter
and the deposit slip to the Hoffman letter.
Now I was able to tie the Hoffman letter
to the standard writing of Mr. X, which
in turn also linked the Hudson letter and
the deposit slip to the suspect. I was
able to make a direct link between the
ransom notes and the standard writing,
and the postals and the standard writing.
Down in black and white in my lab-
oratory, before my eager eyes, was all
the evidence I shall ever need to convince
me that Mr. X was the mysterious J. J.

Faulkner of
author of th
made that dis:
my life on 1!
identity I did
written the ra
Richard Haw
still stake m)

I do not w
I do wish to
for my conc!
writing. Fo
viction that
sembled at th
and _ presenti
would have
was.

Look at |
indicated b:
writing. Tl)
«O’s” ag stan
Mr. X, as t
that questi
comes from
top reading
or... 1s
The four ot!
the ransom
used as pu!
ter and also
form of pi
X’s reports.

OW, no:
up in I
hg”? in th:
letter and t
from the r:
in the worc
the greene
very peculi:
to the “kK
from the r:
Hudson let
found in 2
that even
a a of th:
As I: ga
ransom no
culiarly for
The same ¢
letter. Th
tion that !
man. Thus
are tied up
the Hudso
is linked t:
rare use ©
Nor is
Compare
of writing
the word
ing. In
though w
one with
striking s!
-The met!
binations
curving 0:
forming t!
this conné
the top «
horizontal!
Anothe
cerns the
in the w
municatio
ransom n¢
“s” recur
continuin:
the next |
with the
ularly no’
ring in t!
a very iu
cation sl
writer.
Take |
and com.
letter “y
ard hanc


00

View of the Morrow cstate in Maine, |i

Fal

2

7
an)
aI
<
er
y

juerced when the sece

Lindy baby visi

re Vigilance is at its zenith On such an
easion, the guards not ooly prowl the
operty, but they thorougily cover the
rrounding countryside, + night, they
re often accompanied by big police dogs,

ained to scent an intruder a_ block
way. The dogs know every inch of the
ound; so do the guards. A_ stranger

ving to shp through the cordon with a
ew of gaining access to the house would
Vall hkelihood be shot deac in his tracks
torn to pieces by the dogs before he
tt within a quarter of « mile of the
lace.
lhe preparations for the well-being of
tle Jon Lindbergh even include a plan

action in the event that the estate
ould be stormed by oseveral people,
iveling either by car or on foot. The

soperty, as has been said. is) connected
wire directly to the Englewood Police
vepartment and the nearest State Police

irracks., only five minutes away. The
ires over which an emergency signal

vuld be flashed run underground for a
siderable distance. Only a handful of
ople know where those wires are buried,
» that the chance of their being cut by
» outsider would be about one ina
molhion. The fact that an outsider doesn't
vow Where they are would be but one
sstacle, Leven if he learned of their loca-
on, he would be obliged to dig down
to the ground for them virtually in the
presence of the guards. And even if he
vould) succeed in locating the wires, he
ould) automatically flash on emergency
enal the moment he began to) tamper
ith then.
HE GTTONS attached to these wires are
5 placed in several trees located in dif-
lcrent sections of the one hundred acres,
rd in different parts of the mansion it-
'f. The mere pressing of any of these
ittons would bring the Englewood
police to the scene in a minute and a
half. There is always at least one man
on duty in the Englewood |leadquarters
vith an eve on the Lindbergh alarm, and
1) that light flashed, at least a dozen men
vould be on the little-over-a-mile auto-
»obile run to the estate in fifteen sec-
rds The State Police would have a
cozen men on the scene in not more than
foe minutes. Meanwhile, organized in-
toiders would have to withstand the
\ thering fire of automatics and machine-
eons, and breathe in the fdmes of tear

gas mos, with all of which the Morray
est: plentifully supplied

! fo the baby’s departure for fx
Yor. last January, it was seen frequent

on tic streets in Englewood, in one of thy

Morrow cars, accompanied either by Mrs.

Lindbergh or Betty Gow—and a man in
the back seat with a machine-gun under

a lip robe. Oftentimes, in fact, the car

con'sining Jon would be parked in front
of «store in downtown Englewood, whit
Mrs. Lindbergh went in to do some shop

ping.

It occurred to me that even if the solt-
tary man sitting in the rear of the parked
machine did have a machine-gun in his

possession that it would be a comparative:
ly sinaple matter for an organized attack
to be carried out. With this ino mind, t
aske) omy informant in’ the Englewood

Police Department why such an_ attack
would not be possible.

“Just try to get near a car with that
baby in it some time,” was the reply
“Sure, a gang might be able to overcome
that man in the back seat. But they'd
never get away with it. Why, vou don't
suppose for one minute that the man is

the only euard around, do ye
are several others who can't be secu. and
they'd jump into action the min iny-
one so much as made a move toward that
car. Shey! as soon shoot. anyh wh
looks ini kidnapper as look at hin.”
| rect information a: what
measures are in efheot at
summer home in Matoe. but
derstanding that that rf se tf
tress too, with secret abaii :
would bring quick ad
were it required,
lon is often taken for don M
through the countrysics Nev
i Maine, aad during che spring
en driven through the «treets
ut-abways, the tincdln
coextra precautions, les ‘
lL always, although a
never nati so cleverly is at ce , -
machine carmvine the baby is Cant .
at least two other cars carrying thes . Be
The babs then io and fron Maine , i”
by antameh The trip to. Mia Or
sembies ia most. respects the. first
frome don sah | News York hast Pa
January, at strategic points ‘
along the rots isually informed in 2
advance tha: the babs will pass through :
their ter and plan accordingly.
When it ut weeks old. the
SECON hai Vas fin Perel
Vhe naw ou file te Hite
of J. t: er, Chief of th ion
Of jnvesn United State arte
mep | in. \Vashingto: oto-
grapii ; hilds wdwavs kept te
date, are eon file in My ! ers
office, “The otographs are oma by
Col aya Pie
pert i Meoeei iia a
netaking 4 \ of Wis son wiih
movie cameras. Inetueatally, Jer
greatly mble Sis brother before
him
And so there vou have the story of the

Lindberg! nd the kind of life the:
forced to tf: today. They have

are suffering and will suffer in the foture
because of the kidnapping of their crs
son. !f such a thing as benefit cai

be derived from that hideous erin

this: Otficials interested ino daw: enforce:
meni in this country, from the
of the United States down, are °
on crime today as never before, af!
direct result of the abduction anc muccer
of the first Lindbergh baby.

Preside at ¥

Order {1 3
punch holes
caught and

Wise!
Wott

t mar

1 hi

' e

after t

a ats

heoart’s

Cronin

He sor

witting oth
“—and now I'll dress and keep my date with Edythe" trade<mort

worse still, 6

Te

100

FAMOUS DETECTIVE CASES

View of the Morrow estate in Maine, heavily guarded when the second
Lindy baby visits there

the vigilance is at its zenith. On such an
oceasion, the guards not only prowl the
property, but they thoroughly cover the
surrounding countryside. At night, they
are often accompanied by big police dogs,
trained to scent an intruder a_ block
away. The dogs know every inch of the
ground; so do the guards. A stranger
trying to slip through the cordon with a
view of gaining access to the house would
in all likelihood be shot dead in his tracks
or torn to pieces by the dogs before he
got within a quarter of a mile of the
place.

The preparations for the well-being of
little Jon Lindbergh even include a plan
of action in the event that the estate
should be stormed by several people,
traveling either by car or on foot. The
property, as has been said, is connected
by wire directly to the Englewood Police
Department and the nearest State Police
barracks, only five minutes away. The
wires over which an emergency signal
would be flashed run underground for a
considerable distance. Only a handful of
people know where those wires are buried,
so that the chance of their being cut by
an outsider would be about, one in a
million, The fact that an outsider doesn't
know where they are would be but one
obstacle. Even if he learned of their loca-
tion, he would be obliged to dig down
into the ground for them virtually in the
presence of the guards. And even if he
should succeed in locating the wires, he
would automatically flash an emergency
signal the moment he began to tamper
with them.

BUTTONS attached to these wires are
placed in several trees located in dif-
ferent sections of the one hundred acres,
and in different parts of the mansion it-
self. The mere pressing of any of these
buttons would bring the Englewood
olice to the scene in a minute and a
alf. There is always at least one man
on duty in the Englewood Headquarters
with an eye on the Lindbergh alarm, and
if that light flashed, at least a dozen men
would be on the little-over-a-mile auto-
mobile run to the estate in fifteen sec-
onds The State Police would have a
dozen men on the scene in not more than
five minutes. Meanwhile, organized in-
truders would have to withstand the
withering fire of automatics and machine-
guns, and breathe in the fumes of tear-

gas bombs, with all of which the Morrow
estate is plentifully supplied.

Prior to the baby’s departure for Nev
York last January, it was seen frequently
on the streets in Englewood, in one of the
Morrow cars, accompanied either by Mrs.
Lindbergh or Betty Gow—and a man in
the back seat with a machine-gun under
a lap. robe. Oftentimes, in fact, the car
containing Jon would be parked in front
of a store in downtown Englewood, while
Mrs. Lindbergh went in to do some shop-
ping.

It occurred to me that even if the soli-

tary man sitting in the rear of the parked
machine did have a machine-gun in his
ossession that it would be a comparative-
y simple matter for an organized attack
to be carried out. With this in mind, |
asked ;my informant in the Englewood
Police Department why such an attack
would not be possible.

“Just try to get near a car with that
baby in it some time,’ was the reply.
“Sure, a gang might be able to overcome
that man in the back seat. But they’d
never get away with it. Why, you don’t
suppose for one minute that the man is

the only guard around, do ou? There
are several others who can’t be seen, and
they'd jump into action the minute any-
one so much as made a move toward that
car. They'd as soon shoot anybody who
looks like a kidnapper as look at him.”

| have no direct information as to what
precautionary measures are in effect at
the Morrow summer home in Maine, but
it is my understanding that that place is
an armed fortress too, with secret alarm
systems that would, bring quick aid and
plenty of it, were it required.

Bite Jon is often taken for long
drives through the countryside in New
Jersey and in Maine, and during the spring
months is often driven through the streets
of New York. But always, the Lindberghs
have to take extra precautions, lest they
be spotted. And always, although you’d
never notice it, so cleverly is it done, the
machine carrying the baby, is flanked by
at least two other cars carrying the guards.

The baby is taken to and from Maine

-by automobile. The trip to Maine re-

sembles in most respects the first trip
from Englewood .to New York — last
January. The police at strategic points
along the route are usually informed in
advance that the baby will pass through
their territories, and plan accordingly.
When it was but a few weeks old, the
second Lindbergh baby was fingerprinted.
Those prints are now_on file in the office
of J. Edgar Hoover, Chief of the Division
of ‘Investigation, United States Depart-
men of Justice in Washington. Photo-
graphs of the child, always kept up to
date, are also on file in Mr. Loover’s
office. These photographs are made by
Colonel Lindbergh himself: He is an ex-

‘pert amateur photographer and delights

in taking pictures of his son with still and
movie cameras. Incidentally, Jon is said
"mig to resemble his brother before
im.
And so there you have the story of the

-Lindberghs and the kind of life they are

forced to lead today. They have suffered,
are suffering and will suffer in the future
because of the kidnapping of their first
son. If such a thing as benefit can possibly
be derived from that hideous crime, it 1s
this: Officials interested in law_enforce-
ment in this country, from the President
of the United States down, are warring
on crime today as never before, all the
direct result of the abduction and murder
of the first Lindbergh baby.

"__and now I'll dress and keep my date with Edythe”

March, 1935

at Lake Vie:
to dump th
watchman aj
to be done

because the :
ing the hor:

the watchm
rode along t
then turned
Evanston R
a ditch.
Such was
Naturally, t
considered +
or entirely
being the s!
the half-wit
So the first
out on Kin
They showe
the rogues
King the m
picture. Bu
Black coulc
and fabrica'
So. detectiv:
where Black
and sure en
there and h'
corroborate:
Still the
chances. Th
of the rig |
in and, bes
had him re’
taken. Eve
even to the
ing from _!
revious Sa
orse and
the youth.
story, divu!
minor det:
would have
not been 1
had purpo:
revealing }
purpose of

.NLY
assigi
story; the:
spot wher
dropped. |
another m
the mutil:
from the t
possible, a
some way

order to
punch hole

* caught anc

With F
stamped \
—especiall.
generally 1
est dicks 0
mystery ¢
viewed in
different |

Had C:
a Jekyll =
spected of
been the
and a ma
this man \
and his v
never rep
after the
a fiend it
heart’s cc
Cronin, ir
for some
witting t!
trade-mar
worse stil!


HE FATE OF Bruno
Richard Hauptmann,
as this is written, is
about to be placed in
the hands of a jury of his
peers. By the time this is pub-
lished, the verdict in this fa-
mous case will be old news.
Yet the public controversy surrounding that verdict will
probably be as spirited as it is now among those who at-
tempt to forecast what that verdict is likely to be, from
newspaper reports of the trial. Regardless of what the jury
says, those who now think Hauptmann guilty, will con-
tinue to think Hauptmann guilty. Those who believe him
innocent will continue to think him innocent.

Irrespective of with which group of debaters the truth
lics, this one thing is certain. Before there is another
Hauptmann trial, our criminal procedure should be amended
to prevent another three-ring circus being made of so serious
an affair, Despite all the vencrable and able Judge Trenchard
could do to preserve the decorum of his courtroom, the
Hauptmann case took on all the aspects of a street carnival.
So noticeable did this buffoonery become that even the
comedian, Will Rogers, foresook his banter long enough one
night in a radio talk to turn serious and voice indignation
at the Flemington outrage.

If the newspapers, newsreels and
other agencies greatly responsible
for the country-fair aspect of the
Hauptmann spectacle do.not refrain
from such tactics as they employed
in Judge Trenchard’s courtroom,
then, perhaps, we must adopt the
British system of dealing with the
situation. It might be a good thing
in America to restrain by law all
comment upon criminal trials until
the jury has finished its delibera-
tions and the verdict is in,

*
F YOU THINK an editor’s life
is all beer and skittles, listen
to this one.

Last month} on this page,
we printed a picture which has
caused us no end of trouble. It all

(one hundred dollars).
The editors of this ma
of the worth of all s

of Arkansas City, Kansas. Mr. Vil-
lines sent us a certain small photo-
graph depicting a tombstone in a
Coffeyville, Kansas, cemetery. On
that gray stone are engraved the
names of the members of: the no-
torious Dalton boys’ gang, who fell
in the famous Coffeyville fight during which the gang was
wiped out years ago. Mr. Villines asked if we would not
run in Reat Derective a true story of that fight.

We took Mr. Villines’ suggestion and wrote to one of our
most reliable correspondents in the vicinity of Coffeyville,
asking him if he would care to do the story and, in due time,
the manuscript came to our desk. (Incidentally, we intend
to print this gripping Dalton story in an early issue.) We

or bizarre background.

6

$100 Monthly Bonus
to WRITERS

FOR BEST TRUE CRIME STORY!

To newspaper men, sheriffs, police officers,
Prosecutors, free lance journalists: Don't forget
that REAL DETECTIVE offers this additional in-
‘inside fact" articles deal-

ducement for your best '
nal cases,

ing with authentic crimi

REAL DETECTIVE regularly pays top rates for
all stories accepted. Now, in addition to these
rates, until further notice, REAL DETECTIVE is
giving, for the best story of the month printed
in its pages, an extra bonus for merit of $100.00

gazine are the sole judges
tories submitted.
stories in any one month are judged of equal
merit, duplicate prizes will be awarded.

: x Manuscripts deemed suitable for publication
started with an innocent enough but not of prize-winning quality, will be paid for
query from Mr. Virgil V. Villines at the regular generous Space rates,

In general, the monthly bonus award will be
given to that story based on true fact that in-
volves the most skillful detective work or which
describes the crime of most exceptional character

Send all manuscripts to Real Detective Maga-
zine, 2805 Graybar Bldg., New York City.

put the manuscript, along
with the photo, in our
drawer for future use and
forgot it temporarily.

Now we come to the sec-
ond phase of this drama, A
usually reliable news service
upon which we depend for
Photographs, submitted a néws picture from their Chicago,
Illinois, correspondent. The caption accompanying this pic-
ture stated that it was the likeness of none other than Colo-
nel Robert E. Dalton, “Last of the old-time Dalton Boys’
Gang,” and said that this gentleman is now a sheriff in
Mississippi.

“Colonel Bob Dalton,” thought we. “Now let’s see.
Wasn’t Emmett Dalton the lone survivor of the Coffeyville
fight? We'd better look this thing up before we get in
trouble.”

So we fished out the story from our correspondent. Sure
enough, we were right. His story said Emmett Dalton was
the only one not cut down by the bullets of the Coffeyville
citizens. His story said Bob Dalton was shot from his horse
and killed instantly while attempting to succor his be-
leaguered brothers.

Then we fished out the picture of the Coffeyville grave-

yard sent us by Mr. Villines. Yes,
_ there was the tombstone and on it,

engraved for all the world to see, was
the name of Bob Dalton along with
those of Grat Dalton and Bill Power.

The tombstone bears the date of the

demise of these swashbuckling ban-

dits. The date reads October 5, 1892.

This seemed to us unmistakable
proof that Bob Dalton, the Bob Dal-
ton is dead; that he died with his
boots on as duly and faithfully re-
corded by our manuscript.

Well, then, how about the news
service picture from Chicago and the
Colonel Robert E. Dalton of Tennes-
see? We didn’t want to throw these
people out of court without a hearing.

The news service came up with a
feature story printed by a Chicago
newspaper which displayed the pic-
ture of the living Bob Dalton and
told of his connection with the old
bandit outfit. Mississippi editors of
reliability also vouchsafed the in-
formation that Colonel Robert E.
Dalton who claims, they say, to be a
member of the famous Dalton gang,
is alive and an official of the law
below the Mason and Dixon line.

So, you see, that is why we ran the picture, despite our
correspondent, despite the tombstone and despite our fore-
knowledge that we would get merry Hades from a large
group of our readers. These readers who, like ourselves,
want to know “how come” have not disappointed us. Perhaps
the best thing for us to do is to offer a prize for the correct
solution of this seeming Chinese puzzle.

(Continued on page 97)

If two

Peak MTetane

Apr (F3S°


klyn
M,
was
was
»wed

surt-
rder.
péns
rald,
Riis,
as a
‘agle,
dis-
‘das
> the
* the

olice
‘sult,
trict
nond
aself.
as a
- dea-
rfully
ima
free-

came
erated

_ilty of
as sen-

ecuted
1 oon
eight
crime.
prob-

” |s-

to
vu 10F

March, 1935

FAMOUS DETECTIVE CASES

99

The Danger to the Second Lindbergh Baby

Department and the State Police have
made it their business to check up on
the tradesmen. If a friend happens to be
riding on a delivery truck with the regu-
lar delivery man, more often than not
he is asked to get out of the machine
before it enters the driveway and wait
until it has gone about its business and
comes out again.

Prior to the kidnapping of the first
baby, the many servants in the Morrow
household were permitted to come and
go as they pleased outside of working
hours. In domestic circles, the Morrows
are called a wonderful family to work for,
and in days gone by it was perfectly all
right for a maid to have her boy friend
drive into the grounds in his little car
to pick her up. Thus, total strangers to

the family itself literally had the run of

the estate.

But now all that is changed. The ser-
vants are not permitted to allow any mere
acquaintances to meet them inside the
grounds. It is preferred that their out-
side contacts be kept outside of the prop-

erty.

When the first baby was living, the ser-
vants discussed it freely in the presence
of outsiders. That was a natural enough
thing to do because everybody was in-
terested in the baby and to talk about it
was no reflection on the Morrow em-
ployees. Now, however, they have strict
orders not to mention the name of the
second baby or anything pertaining to it
in the presence of outsiders, even friends
of long standing. The authorities are
taking no chances on a leak of any kind
that might be ‘of value to some person of
criminal bent. They still remember Violet
Sharpe. Violet was, the Morrow maid
who committed suicide rather than face
continued police questioning. The author-
ities are convinced that it was she who
either knowingly or unknowingly di-
vulged the information that the Lind-
berghs were going to overstay their usual
time of departure from their home in
New Jersey, thus making the kidnapping
possible.

When the Morrow servants go out of

Shack at edge of Lindbergh property
near Hopewell, used by State
troopers who still guard the place

an evening, to the movies or to visit
friends, they are usually driven to and
from their destination either by, one of the
Morrow chauffeurs or in a taxi. They are
exposed to strangers as little as possible.

Not long ago I went over to Engle-
wood to see for myself just what was
being done to insure the safety of the
second child. | was walking along Spear
Avenue, which runs along one side of the
Morrow property, when I noticed a gar-
dener working with a trowel about twenty

(Continued from page 19)

feet in from the thoroughfare. A tall wire
fence marks the property line there.

I stopped and addressed the garden-
er, asking him what time it was. He
ope what he was doing, looked up
and eyed me suspiciously. Pretending that
| was under the impression that he had
not heard what I said, | repeated my
request for the time of day. He con-
tinued to stare at me for a few moments,
no particular expression on his face, then
icked up. his trowel and departed be:
ind a clump of trees. Deciding to see
what effect, if any, my talking to the
workman had, I loitered on Spear Ave-
nue. In a few minutes the gardener re-
appeared. Alongside of him was a man
took to be one of the Lindbergh guards.
He said nothing and did. nothing. But

Roving Investigator indicates height

of fence that skirts the Englewood

estate. It's easy enough to get in
but not so easy to get out

he stood there near the man with the
trowel until I left.

On another occasion, a few days after
the incident concerning the gardener, I
was in the vicinity of the Lindbergh
estate. It was a Sunday afternoon, a very
pleasant. day. Standing about a_ block
distant from the entrance of the estate, |
saw a girl in servant's attire coming out
of the driveway. She apparently had an
hour off, and was going to take a little
walk. I waited, and saw that she was
coming toward me. As she approached,
I asked her if she would be kind enough
to tell me where the Dwight W. Morrow
estate was located, that | was a stranger
in Englewood. She smiled pleasantly, said
that she herself had been in Englewood
only a short time and didn’t know where
the estate was herself!

The caution exercised at the Morrow
home seems to pervade the entire town
of Englewood. Despite the fact that the

estate in question is one of the show-

places of the vicinity and that virtually
everybody in town knows where it is, it
is difficult for the average stranger to
get directions from many of the citizens.
The fact that you don’t know where the

place is marks you down as a stranger

ree re?

re he

View of the Englewood property

right off the reel, and since the kidnap-
ping the townfolks are taking no chances
on divulging any information about the
Lindberghs.

The police of Englewood are exceed-
ingly courteous, but they become im-
mediately stern when anyone asks a ques-
tion concerning the Lindberghs. For ex-
ample, while driving through , Englewood,
| pulled into the curb and asked a patrol-
man on his beat for directions to the
Morrow home.

“Have you personal business up there?”
he inquired.

“No,” I said. “I’d just like to take a
look at the place.”

“You can’t see anything there,” the
bluecoat replied. “No use going up there.”

“That’s where the new Lindbergh baby
lives, isn’t it?” I asked.

The policeman stared at me, and didn’t
answer.

“1 say,” I pressed, “that’s where the
|.indbergh baby is, isn’t it?”

The bluecoat’s face grew firm. “I don't
know,” he said. “And even if I did, 1
wouldn’t tell you.”

The number of guards employed to
watch over Jon Morrow Lindbergh is
a carefully shielded fact, but it is known
that there are at least six. Some of them
are former policemen. All of them have
lived in Englewood or vicinity all their
lives or for a great many years. All of
them are crack shots, and the Chief of
Police of Englewood, who okayed them
before Colonel Lindbergh hired them,
ascertained that each man had gone
through the acid tests of bravery and
integrity not once but many times,

For several months after the kidnap-
ping, Englewood and State Police had
charge of the patrol at the Morrow prop-
erty. The men employed by Lindbergh
were broken in gradually by the official
policemen, then took over the work en-
tirely. These guards are all paid by
Colonel Lindbergh, and it is said that
be receive good salaries, in accordance
with a Morrow custom of paying em-
loyees well. They work in regular shifts.
They have no set routine, adjusting their
work to prevailing conditions. For ex-
ample, of a pleasant Sunday, when many
tourists automobiles pass by the prop-
erty, the concentration is heavy near the
point where the cars pass, On a murky,
moonless night, when visibility 1s poor,


$ been its success, A
ver for the kidnapers
+t officials to blunder-

y out of their hands

kidnapers have ae
es the sanest of the
1g themselves fran-
) it by one develop-

of the innocent little
; e phantoms of

almost under the
-must get rid of it
' it before even the

1 Was preparing f.
“ch 2: while pe ee)
iting in the living
had slipped up a
d away, were tear-
daby to death in a
scooped-out grave
one thing, They
vere to barter for
en recesses of the
eserted farmhouse
that night’s work
Tiven quietly and
len, and a woman

“ws on the police
neone to see the
nying it later, of

90n tons of mai]
‘on at countless

* DETECTIVE

Identified by Colonel
Lindbergh, the
baby’s body was
taken for cremation
to Rose Hill cre-
matory.

<“«%*
Confessing his tale of
contact with the kid-
hapers was a fake, John
Hughes Curtis was held.

travelers with small babies, that brought a flood of telephone
calls from silly sources.

It was this madness that brought out a vast array of crank
messages, spiritist visions, wild prophesies. Perhaps the Lind-
berghs were touched with it a little when they named Salvatore
Spitale and Irving Bitz as gangland go-betweens. Perhaps it
touched the former cabinet member and the New York con-
gressman who sent Morris Rosner into the Lindbergh

home.

And surely it touched Rosner, self-styled gangland arbi-
trator, when he gave out more than one statement that he
knew the baby to be safe. There were others as well, how-
ever, who made this flat declaration, brains turned by the

same insanity.

But—

Madder yet were John Hughes Curtis of Norfolk, and Dean
H. Dobson-Peacock; who sought to act as Lindbergh mediaries
for a contact with the kidnapers that Curtis has now admitted

was a figment of the imagination, done for publicity. and

money. :
Mad were the newspapers who listened to every whispered

rumor and printed it as news.
And mad was Gaston B. Means, former Department of
Justice agent, co-author of “The Strange Death of President

Harding,” if the accusations against him are true. For he is
accused by Mrs. Edward B. McLean, wife of a Washington

publisher, of mulcting her of $100,000-on pretenses no less

weird than those of the Curtis hoax.
Sanity did rule in the office of the governor of New Jersey
and at times in the office of H. Norman Schwarzkopf in com-

mand of the state police. Struggling against the wave of

ADVENTURES

Released from his pledge of secrecy by revelation of

the child’s horrible fate, Dr. J. F. Condon, Bronx school

teacher, goes the rounds of police rogue’s galleries hunt-

ing recognizable pictures of the kidnapers to whom he

paid Lindbergh’s $50,000. Al Reich, Condon’s body-
guard, is shown a pace behind him.

outrageous rumors and tips, they sought to analyze the bona-
fide clues at hand and draw from them some hint of the iden-

tity of those behind the crime.

Secrets In The Ransom Note

ay ex Colonel Lindbergh rushed to the nursery of his
child on the evening of March 1, there lay in that room

in place of the vanished little one an astounding ransom note.
[Continued' on page 55]
27

sci en ———


This is believed to be the last picture ever taken
of the Eaglet.

hand. In partly printing the word “Nelly” in the instructions
to Jafsie, the writer inverted the letter “N’” which was, done
nowhere in the postcards though that letter appears seven
times in the first postcard.

Uniformity of letters in the written message indicates little
or no attempt to disguise handwriting. The printed messages
indicate familiarity with printed script and no attempt to dis-
guise that familiarity except possibly in the inversion of the
letter “J”.

The telegraphic style of the postcards also indicates a differ-
ent type of mind from that which conceived the other notes.

Madness Marks Case

MaADN ESS! .
Madness run rampant! That has been the Lindbergh
kidnaping case from the start.

It was a mad project to begin with. Even a madman would
have known that nothing could create so great a furore’as the
kidnaping of the Lindbergh heir.

26

Near this empty crib in the Lindbergh nursery,
was found the ransom note that struck terror to
the heart of the world. When Betty Gow dis-
covered the little one missing, it already lay in its
hidden grave, police believe.

the night who sto:

But the very insanity of the scheme has been its success. A
world set raging was the best possible cover for the kidnapers.
The very magnitude of the case would set officials to blunder-
i

They had only to get the child quickly out of their hands
to be comparatively safe. Thus must the kidnapers have rea-
soned and so reasoning proved themselves the sanest of the
madmen and madwomen who have flung themselves fran-

tically into the case or been dragged into it by one develop-.

ment or another.

This then is the reason for the murder of the innocent little

one within the — hour of the kidnaping. The phantoms of

e the baby from its bed almost under the
eyes of watching nursemaid and parents must get rid of it
as soon as possible. They must be free of it before even the
alarm spread.

Probably while Anne Morrow Lindbergh was preparing for
her early bedtime on that fatal night of March 1, while Colonel
Lindbergh, his late dinner finished, was sitting in the living
room below, the terrifying creatures who had slipped up a
small ladder, left a note, and borne the child away, were tear-
ing off the tiny sleeping suit, beating the baby to death in a
roadside thicket and burying it in a hastily scooped-out grave.

After that they would be safe, except for one thing, They
must hide the small garment which they were to barter for
$50,000. Perhaps they shoved it into hidden recesses of the
car. Perhaps they cached it away in a deserted farmhouse
afterward thought to have played a part in that night’s work.

At any rate, this done, they must have driven quietly and
not too swiftly away—a man, perhaps two men, and a woman

‘in’ what .may have been a green sedan.

But madness had only begun.

There was the insanity of spreading the news on the police
teletype within a few hours, of allowing someone to see the
ransom note that had been left behind, of denying it later, of
denying that fingerprints had been found.

This was police madness.

hen the world madness that sent tons upon tons of mail
to the distracted family, that flung suspicion at countless

STARTLING DETECTIVE

travelers ¥
calls from
Tt was t!
messages, *
berghs we!
Spitale an
touched t!
gressmen
home.
And st
trator, W
knew the
ever, wh
same ins
But—
Madd
H. Dobs
for a CO’
was @
money.
Mad
rumor
And
Justice
Hardit
accuse
publis!
weird
San
and a
mand

ADV


Stealer

d heard Mamie s
0 took care of Bi

gave us a name by —

2n known.
g care we raked t
of the Mount Tabor
of householders were
o “woman who cares
ver been heard of. by
eople we questioned.
ho knew Mamie had
sing a ditch when the
for babies” had been
oke in upon a startled
n the telephone. The
fed could be nothing
called a city plumbing

Mount Tabor car line
g a sewer,” we de-
vy.

answer was a shock,
vas sure. There was
on even planned near

spector at the other
ne to life again. He

1 mean: the work at
Scott car line,” he

arently mistaken
t for the Mount
un parallel to each

throttle wide as we
our hunt.
wees us.

ilton,” a blinkin
d Tackaberry, “She
seventh Street anid

e o'clock, within 12

»y was stolen, that
e door.

e and the baby?” I

uiddle aged woman
door.

in my. room,” she
Mamie’s upstairs

1 rush sneneen, and
a sorry, bedraggled
g at the window.

1e sobbed as we
7 Let me go. I’m

get the chance t
bundled off to jail,
‘esting employment
r sweetheart.
implicate the clerk
ly to the end.’ She
1 the child not for
on but merely to
er to marry her,
to him as his own,
the man had a po-
ay, but with even
1, we were unable
> evidence that he
‘ion with the kid-
1owever, prove he
Vancouver, Wash-
te border, and had
tel there. He was
e slavery and, on
was sentenced to
deral peniten-

trial, was ad-
s ordered confined

Find the Lindbergh Baby-Killers

[Continued from page 27)

With no preliminaries but the con-
ventional “Dear sir,” it read:

“Fave $50,000 ready, $25,000 in
$20 bills, $15,000 in $10 bills, and
$10,000 in $5 bills. Have them
in two packages. Four days we will
inform you to redeem the money.

“We warn you for making any-
thing public or for notifying the
police. The child is in gut care.

“Tdentification for letters are sig-
natures. Answer three fold. (1-2-
3-4), Two rings in blue ink with
center ring of red. A blue ink line
of the blue circles on the outer edge
of the red. A hole on the outer
edge of each dark circle and one in
the center of the red.

Bria’ publish this letter.”

News of the receipt of this letter
leaked out but, because of the tre-
mendous importance at once attached
to it and its bearing, apparently, on the
safety of the child, its existence was
later officially denied. ©

The public had already been told,
however, that $50,000 was the amount
of the ransom demanded and that a pe-
culiar symbol had been described as an
identifying signature.

In radio broadcasts, this symbol was
described as an affair of triangles with
three pen-pricks.

In the midst of the confusion that
then reigned in and about the Lind-
bergh home, this description was little
short of inspiration. It is more than
probable that it was given on the spur
of the moment by some police official
or other person who had seen the ‘ran-
som note, had let slip a little of the in-
formation concerning it and then tried
to cover his error by a misleading
description of the symbol.

However it came about, this state-
ment at once provided the police with
a means of sorting crank notes and
other insidious communications from
the great mass of sincere mail received
and, had the secret of the symbol been
always as well guarded, it might have
saved the Lindbergh family much tor-
ture and despair.

Too many persons, however, saw the
ransom message. There was at the
time of the payment of $50,000 by
Colonel Lindbergh to those who satis-
fied him they were the kidnapers, some
doubt on the part of others whether the
secret of the symbol had not leaked out.

Neither the letter nor the symbol was
made public till after the skeleton of the
Baby Lindy had been found four and a
half miles from the Lindbergh home
where it had apparently lain since the
very night of the crime.

From the outset of the case, those
who had possession of the note realized
that they held in their hands the vital
ow to the identity of the chief crim-
inal.

It was:clear at once that no other
person would have been allowed. by the
leader of the kidnap gang to see the
letter. To have done so would have
been to invite the double cross.

With the ladder found at the scene
of the crime and described at once in
thousands of newspapers and magazines
throughout the country, it drew a pic-

THanx You For

ture of the kidnap chief that was re-
markably clear in some respects though
by no means complete. .

In. the hands of experts, the ransom
note immediately suggested that the
writer was of German birth. This. was
evident from the use of the German
word “gut” for “good” in the sentence,
“The child is in gut care.”

Misuse of other words in the note
supported this theory. It was not re-
‘tuted by the chirography used in notes
following.

The nature of the symbol used as an
identifying signature went further than
that. It indicated that the gang chief-
tain had some acquaintance with me-
chanical drawing, that he was of pre-
cise temperament. Use of red ink in
the symbol suggested that he might have
had some training as a bookkeeper and
this was further supported by the fact
that the sums of money mentioned were
handled in definite order, that they were
properly written, though in foreign
style, and that they neatly totaled the
whole sum demanded.

The order that the ransom money be
arranged in two) packages indicated
further that the man was familiar
with large. amounts’ of money, that
he realized. the 4,750 bills demanded
would make a bulky bundle and that
they could be divid into two packages
of fairly equal size. This hinted at
banking experience and tied up with the
evidence which indicated the man might
be a bookkeeper.

While. parts of the ransom note in-
dicated difficulty with the English
language, the purport of each paragraph
was entirely clear. Directions for pre-
paring the money were explicit, terse
and in perfect English, except for the
last sentence in the paragraph dealing
with that subject, if allowance were
made for the old world use of “them”
to refer to $50,000. _ If “them” was
taken to refer to “bills,” the language
was still reasonably good from the
standpoint of ordinary correspondence.

The meaning of the last sentence in
the first paragraph was perfectly clear
although a definitely German misuse of
English could be noted. It was taken
to mean “In four days we will inform
you what to do with the money.” The
word “redeem” carried the suggestion
that payment of the money would re-
deem the child, though after the ghastly

discovery of the baby’s body by the:

roadside, it was suddenly realized that
nowhere in the ransom note was the
return of the child promised.

The scrambled language of the warn-
ing against making the facts public or
notifying the police did not obscure the
meaning of that sentence. “The child
is in gut care,” was perfectly under-
standable, in spite of the use of the
German “gut.”

There was for a time some suspicion
that this word was inserted as a false
clue but the other characteristics re-
vealed were presently to convince the
experts that it was a natural lapse into
the tongue of the Fatherland.

It was in the use of a symbol that
students of the note recognized a sort
of genius behind the kidnaping. Ap-
parently the man realized what a furore
would be occasioned by the crime and

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MENTIONING STARTLING DerectivE ADVENTURES 55


who the wri
> Of the
‘VE ApvE
note and its Sinister

f the ladder a

sen parked. nd lead-
pers,

he crime

: police, and accepted
n bills as reported ‘
his emi x
dong received
thless

bey held one or two of

eir way j i

br Y Into circula-

o trace them ty their
N most caref:

| 1 ully

oe which had hike

i Pi In the course

. Y tor deposit.

it the numbers of

yment, the discovery

ed. nd

3ut th
Cre was,’”’ ;
not run cong i or
~% / ly ely.

Was not kno(n, i

of the baby had not

ing murderers, The
ve been turned over
Stablishing the iden-
poe. together with
= additional evidence
emissaries,

ter mgn

te;
Public and here
NTURES readers

Sona

WHERE BABY'S BODY
WAS FOUND

rey

cual

AIRPLANE VIEW

OF THE KIDNAPING MURDER SCENE

Re LIND

ere ED,

CAO NEE ENS LE ONL E OTD Spb Ye

“ é ye oo 2

Slain on the kidnaping night! That was the verdict of New Jersey officials when remains of the Baby Lindy were

found four and a half miles from the Lindbergh estate on the road from Hopewell to Mount Rose. This famous

aerial photograph shows the estate in the distance and part of the route of the kidnapers’ flight to the point in the
foreground where the child was found beaten to death.

Failure to publish pictures of the original ransom note in-
dicated either that it had been returned to the kidnapers with
the ransom payment without being photographed—an unthink-
able procedure—or that it held vital hints to the murderer’s
identity.

In the absence of other reasons given for accepting the two
postcards as authentic communications, the public was prone
to believe that these cards were in printing similar to that of
the note.

Wording of the notes to Jafsie strongly suggested the same
keen mind which had conceived the original ransom demand.

One of these gave instructions for meeting the kidnaper or
his chief emissary. It read:

cross the street and walk to the next corner and follow
whittemore ave to the soud

take the money with you come alone and walk I will
meet you. .

The other purported to give directions for finding the child
after the payment of the ransom money, It said:

the boy is on Boad Nelly it is a small Boad 28 feet
long two person are on the Boat the are innosent. ;

you will find the Boad between Horseneck Beach and
gay Head. near Elizabeth Island.

The “t” in the third spelling of “Boad” is indistinct and
may have been intended for a “d”.

ADVENTURES

Nowhere in these notes was the letter “4”? crossed. No-
where, in fact, did the writer move his pen backward to
cross a “t”, to complete a capital letter or to dot an “i”. The
letter “x” is so written as to require no crossing.

Capital “I” is so written as to look like “J” but is of a
form that could be turned into a proper “7” with a single
stroke. The same may be said of the letter “t’” where it is
used to begin a sentence. Clearly a capital “T” is intended
but the writer fails to return to place the usual are over the
capital stem.

These peculiarities are said to have identified the writer to
Jafsie as a former member of one of his classes. In the
absence of further elaboration of this statement, it was be-
lieved the writer, palpably a foreigner, had taken special in-
struction in English from the Bronx teacher, either in ele-
mentary school classes or in prison or night school classes.

Expert examination of the two small notes delivered to
Jafsie indicate very strongly the Teutonic nationality of the
writer. This is particularly clear in the use of the word
“boad” for “boat”. It is also hjnted in the capitalization of
nouns and is very strongly suggested in the spelling “soud”
for “south”.

The same directness of instructions is found in these com-
munications as in the ransom missive and in the postcard
commands.

Students of the two types of message declared flatly, how-
ever, that they could not have been prepared by the same

/ 25

miss 29 3 apes a

AOA AAT en

104

visited by his lawyer—Fisher. The latter
had an urgent legal paper to which he
had to get Hauptmann’s signature.

Fisher was delayed slightly in Flem-

ington and the two Hauptmann pastors,

the Reverends Werner and Matthiessen,
arrived at the death house ahead of him.
They went inside and remained there
several hours.

Fisher, barred until their departure,
sent them several notes, urging them to
make haste.

Meanwhile, Fisher, a man of some-
what uncertain temperament at times,
began to fret. Finally, he became ex-
tremely angry.

He berated the two ministers right and
left, and, when Anna and I arrived on
the scene—she too wanted to visit her
husband—I was fearful that Fisher would
attack them verbally when they did
emerge. I tried to pacify Lloyd and I,
too, got “cussed out” for my pains.

Anna was amused, however. She
roared with laughter.

Fisher stalked out in disgust.

Upon occasion when we were in the
Hauptmann Bronx home, Anna would
be visited by women friends, including
Gerta Haenckel, who appeared as a de-
fense witness and who was often men-
tioned as a possible rival for Bruno’s af-
fections. :

These women, all of whom spoke pass-
able English, would invariably converse
in their native German. This, to a wo-
man who doesn’t understand the language,
is insufferable. I’d have to sit there for
hours, with Gerta and Anna, or the others,
talking on endlessly without understand-
ing a word of their discussion.

Anna Hauptmann never explained to
me what they had been talking about.
Nor did she ever apologize for this oft-
recurring breach of etiquette.

She doted on “dolling up” for her
visits to her husband. She would primp
and preen before her mirror and act as
skittish as a girl of sixteen expecting her
first beau.

HE always referred to her husband as
“Richard,’—never as “Bruno,” and
when I’d forget and call him “Bruno,” as
most newspaper people did, she’d become
irritated and caustic almost beyond belief.
The two Hauptmann pastors were as
much of a blot on my escutcheon as
they were on Lloyd Fisher’s. T’d get Anna
out of the dumps after days of weeping
depression, and they would counsel her
for a few minutes and set her right off
weeping again... S*~ :
This was one of thé*many crosses I had
to bear, Anna would sit and talk with
them in German, and then after’she had
been talked into a nervous wreck, ‘they’d
toss her to me for “reconditioning.” Of
course they never meant it that way.
But there was still another side to Anna
Hauptmann, a ‘side which no one could
fail to like. -Utterly, fiercely loyal to
her husband and baby, she could be
friendly and confiding at: times. The
woman underwent a terrific ordeal. There
can be no doubt of that.. So, if in ,writ-
ing this article I have appeared “catty”
—well, please remember that I, too, am a
woman, and a sensitive one at that.

Soon after I was first introduced to

her we were calling each other “Jean”
and “Anna.” And, within a few days, she
was confiding in me as she has in no other
woman since her husband was first charged
with his heinous crime. Yet she always
maintained a certain reserve,

I remember when the various German
societies in Yorkville were so interested
in raising money for Hauptmarin’s  de-,
fense fund. Some of these moneys—
there were thousands of dollars collected
—were sent directly to Fisher; some to

‘True Detective Mysteries

the condemned man’s wife.

But money was one subject upon which
Anna Hauptmann never touched. What
she did with it, I never knew. Nor did
I ever ask.

One day, early in our acquaintance, she
turned to me and said:

“Jean. Will you please forget that you
are a newspaper reporter and not print
every word that is uttered between us?
I must talk to some one. I feel that I
can trust you and tell you of the things
that are in my heart.”

I assured her that her faith in me would
not be betrayed.

Night after night we’d lie in bed and
talk into the wee small hours of the
morning.

How this woman was able to stand up
under the strain of everything, will al-
ways remain a mystery to me. We often
discussed it, and, invariably, she’d say:

“Jean, my strength has been given to
me by the good God above. Do you
think I could have kept up if I did not
believe in my husband’s innocence? The
thing that I am afraid of is that my body
will give out, like a machine that has
done all that it was made to do.”

ER mail was terrific. She never failed

to read each letter carefully and she
labored long hours trying to answer as
many as she could.

One woman and her daughter followed
her all the way to Trenton. They said
they had some “good evidence” which
a wanted to turn over to her person-
ally. ‘
Anna’ listened to them patiently over
the telephone and finally invited them
up to our hotel suite.

There, I quickly decided they were
merely another pair of the thousands of
morbidly curious who tried to interview
Anna, and eventually I insisted that they
leave. ‘

They left without mentioning the “evi-
dence,” which they had ‘come to impart.
They’d just wanted to see Anna Haupt-
mann, the wife of the Lindbergh baby
ive as so many others had wanted to

0.
At dinner one day a reporter from an-
other newspaper stepped up to our table
and asked Mrs. Hauptmann about. a
story, in print, stating that Governor
Harold G. Hoffman had made a secret
visit to Bruno’s cell, during which he
offered him a reprieve if he would change
his oft-repeated “Fisch story.” The re-
porter asked Anna if she, too, would try
to induce Hauptmann to agree to the
revised version. She turned so she could
gaze directly into’ his eyes.and said:

“Suppose you and your wife were out
some place and later you were-accused of
murdering a little baby. Could your
wife come to you and ask you to change
your story? Why, she would not.. And

ou could not. No. -I will never ask

ichard to change his story. He has
told all there is to tell and if he changed
his story it-would-not be the truth.”

Shortly ‘thereafter, Governor Hoffman
visited Anna. But she told him there
was nothing that she could do; that her
husband. had . told “the: ‘whole truth and
that there was nothing further they could
do about it. ti a3

I was not in the room. during their
conversation, but. she told me all about

‘it when the Chief Executive departed.

I consider. it significant of that visit,
that Anna made a secret’ midnight visit’
to the home of Ellis Parker, famous Bur-
lington County, N. J:, detective, who di-
rected Governor. Hoffman’s private in-

- quiry into the sadly ‘muddled. Hauptmann

case.
I accompanied Anna on that visit. And
this is the first time the public has ever

had the opportunity to learn there was
such a visit. 7

It took place on last January 12th, a
few days before her husband was first
scheduled to die.

We were sitting in the room and Anna
was very nervous.

“Jean,” she said, “will you forget once
more that you are a newspaper writer?
I must talk to some one.”

I again reassured her that she could
trust me.

“I must do something,” she said. “I
cannot sit here any longer. I want to go
see Ellis Parker. I have a few dollars
in the bank that I got from Richard’s
book, and the money is no good without
Richard.”

Now, this to me, was a great story. A
scoop! It would have been a tremendous
scoop to any newspaper reporter on the
job—this midnight visit to Parker. But

had given my word and I had to
keep it.

So, that night, after a late dinner in
the main dining room, Anna and I stole
out of the hotel, pretending that we
were merely going for a little walk. There
were more than a score of reporters and
photographers around but they didn’t
suspect anything.

In the meantime, we had called Parker
on the telephone and had made an ap-
pointment. We drove to his son’s house,
per instructions, and Ellis, Jr., took us
to his father’s home. We took good care
to see that nobody witnessed our entrance
or departure.

I am sure that was the first and only
time that Anna Hauptmann ever saw
Parker. He was sitting in the living
room with his secretary, Mrs. Anna Bad-
ing. Grizzled, amiable, Parker, in his
background of that quaint old home-
stead, reminded me of Sherlock Holmes:
of fiction fame.

Ors inside, Anna asked me to go to
another room, saying that she pre-
ferred to see the elder Parker alone. I
know that at that time Parker was con-
vinced some other than Bruno. Richard
Hauptmann had kidnapped and killed the
world’s most famous baby.

What happened inside that room be-
tween Anna Hauptmann and the aged de-
tective, however, is something of which
I have no knowledge. Anna Hauptmann
never mentioned it again, although we
were together many weeks after that.

I did notice, though, that when she
came out of Parker’s study, she had a
much lighter heart. She was actually
gay.

That visit, like many other incidents
of our strange. five-months friendship, will
always be another of the reasons why
Anna Hauptmann will forever be a mys-
tery woman to me—a human enigma of
emotions which I have never been able
to figure out.

One evening when Anna and I were
sitting in-our hotel room and we were
particularly chummy, I asked her. just
how her husband came to be in posses-
sion of the incriminating Lindbergh ran-
som money.

Greatly to my. surprise she seemed to
be very eager to discuss the subject and
she explained every little detail which I
do not believe she was able to do on
the witness..stand due to her ‘lack of
English. Her vocabulary has increased
remarkably since the trial a little more
than a year ago.

This is how Anna Hauptmann told it

to me: .

“Richard and I thought Isador Fisch
was a very nice man. He and Richard
had been in the fur business together.
So,.when Fisch asked Richard to give
him a farewell party before he left for

returne
I was
after li
and ou
the wo:
selves.
“Fisc
that he
party.
wanted
ask an
right \
“So-
nights,
for Ge
Fisch «
tuberci
after |}
inform:
a letter
“And
did hay
wrote
would
months
“Tf
Anna
wringin
coursin
on in a

‘OF
te
ly that
when h
he got
“Any
our gut
fore Fi
rival.
Hans
too.
“Whe

keep it
Germa)
of it c
as he h
persona
pay mi
“He
on the
comple:
how it
Little 1
memory)
forgot
it to m
that he
told m:
T ask:
after ]
ceiving
she ne\
closet
plained
“T dic
time af
who ha:
tor alw
hard, a
taking
“Rich
around
he’d hi
three t!
floor ar
reason
closet a
“AS i
tall. A
was pu
even if
have se
“Why
when hi
able to

Wwe wer


there was

y.12th; a
was first

und Anna

| rget once
r writer?

she could

said. “I
ant to go
w dollars
Richard’s
1 without

story. A
emendous
xr on the
rker. But
{ had to

dinner in
id I stole
that we
uk. There
orters and
2y didn’t

od Parker
le an. ap-
n’s house,

took us
good care
v entrance

and only
ever saw
he living
.ona Bad-
r, in his
ld home-
: Holmes;

to go to
she pre-
| alone. I
| was con-
|)» Richard
killed the

room be-
aged de-
of which
iuptmann
10ugh we
or that.
when she
he had a
actually

incidents
{ship, will
sons why
ye a mys-
nigma of
been able

d I were
we were
her just
in posses-
vergh ran-

eemed to
dject and
| which I
to do on
lack of
increased
ttle more

in told it

lor Fisch
1 Richard
together.

to give
» left for

Germany, Richard was very glad to do it.
“He explained to Fisch that I had just

‘returned from the hospital—you know -

I was very weak for more than a year
after little ‘Bubi’ was born—and that he
and'our guests would have to do most-of
the work of preparing for the party them-
selves.

“Fisch agreed and then told my husband
that he would pay all the expenses of the
party. Richard asked him ‘whom he
wanted to invite and Fisch said, ‘Oh, ‘just
ask anyone you want to. It will be all
right with me.’

“So—the party was given just three
nights, I believe it was, before Fisch sailed
for Germany. Incidentally, at that time

‘Fisch did not know he was a victim. of

tuberculosis. It ‘wasn’t until several weeks
after he reached home that he was: so
informed. Then he wrote us about it in
a letter. ~ ‘

“And even then, when he found out he
did have it, he was hopeful of a cure and
wrote to hold his belongings—that he
would return for them: within a’ few
months.

“Tf we’d only kept that letter .. .”:

Anna interrupted herself at this point,
wringing her hands ‘and with the tears
coursing down her cheeks. Then he went
on in a quavering voice:

H, oh, oh! If we’d only kept that let-
ter! It would have proved positive-
ly that my Richard was telling the truth
when he told on the’ witness stand of how

“Anyhow, about the party. . Well, all
our guests had arrived at our home be-
fore Fisch came.in. He was the. last ar-
rival. Richard met him in the: hall and
Hans Kloppenburg was standing there,
too.

“When Fisch came in, he turned to
Richard, after shaking hands with Hans,
and said:

“Here, Richard. You take this box and
keep it for me until I come back from
Germany.’ He didn’t make any mention
of it containing valuables and, inasmuch
as he had already left two satchels of his
personal belongings with us, Richard didn’t
pay much attention.

“He just took the box and tossed it
on the top shelf of our broom closet and
completely forgot all about it. You know
how it is when you are giving a party.
Little things like that just escape your
memory. And Richard so completely
forgot it that he never once. mentioned
it to me. It wasn’t until after his arrest
that he told me. And Hans Kloppenburg
told me the same thing.”

I asked her why it was, in all the weeks
after Fisch sailed, and even after re-
ceiving his letter telling of his illness,
she never happened to look in the broom
closet and discover the box.. She ex-
plained:

“T did not do any hard work for a long
time after ‘Bubi’ was born. Any woman
who has had.a child knows that the doc-
tor always tells her not to work too
hard, and anyway, I had my hands full
taking care of the baby.

“Richard did most of galt heavier work
around the house. And when he didn’t
he’d hire a woman to come in two. or
three times a week to scrub the kitchen
floor and things like that. That is the
reason I never happened to look in the
closet and discover the box of money.

“As a matter of fact, I’m not: very
tall. And, as I understand it, the box
was pushed way back on the shelf and
even if I had opened the door I couldn’t
have seen it, in the dark as it was.

“Why Richard didn’t tell me about it
when he first found it, I have never been
able to explain. It is the only time since
we were married that he didn’t share

‘he‘got the money.

=e i

t

‘True. Detective als yiteries
every confidence with-me.’ I know, oh, ta

-ewear, that df hehad any’ idea t bit ith ig

Lindbergh | ransom money’ ‘that:

‘have turned ‘it! over to! the’ ‘police, et ait
“Even the dumbest’ person ° ‘would’ k ae ;
‘that. Why, }

. there: was’ a $25,000 ‘reward
for any in ormation leading to-the Lind-

bergh kidnapers and he could have gotten

that had he helped find the ‘real kidnap-
ers.”

At this pe oint, ° nnd ‘again: began. to
weep and shake her head disconsolately.

“Ach,” she exclaimed. “If poor Richard
had only known. - How different thi
would be now. He’d be home with litt
‘Bub? and me and we’d be happy like We
were before this, terrible thing real piten i

But: she ‘did not'attem pt to explain how
it was that her husband was caught try-
ing to pass some of the ransom money
or how it happened that he was hiding a
large amount of it in his | garage ‘and
keeping that a secret even ftom her.

ever once, during all the time I was

with her, did Anna Hauptman ever yield
for a moment cher contention of her hus-

band’s innocence. She adored, him and

in spite of the assertions ‘of: detectives
that they had uncovered evidence indi-
cating Hauptmann had affairs with other
women, she * “never, believed them for an
instant.

Always, ‘to her, ‘Britta! was ‘the iHost
considerate of husbands. .. -

Anna and I were getting ready for bed
another’: night when . ‘she - ‘again became
confidential.“'A ‘woman’ loosens up. when
a ober be on her ‘nightie’ and ‘starts brush-

er hair, I‘tsed to look ‘forward to
this ‘retiring’ hour, always hopeful that I
would get a deeper insight into the real
character of the woman. 4

Get a woman to combing and brushin
her hair and she'll always talk. I’ve foun
that out through ‘years’ of experience:
Aren’t more .secrets revealed in beauty
parlors than in any other place? i

Well, Anna was getting ready for bed,

talking. I was already lying gl. With-

out warning she said:

“RICHARD was so good to me, Than.
Honest. he was. Little things, what
we love. We women. You think I’m silly?
But I'll tell you. One time he had a
ring for me. A surprise. Did he give
it to me in a box? No. Not Richard.
“It was when I was asleep. So was I
surprised and happy when I woke up!
There was a-ring that came there by
magic, and it was Richard who did it.

It was a nice way to do it—don’t you |

think?

“And he used to do other small things,
nice, too—when I’d be feeling not so well.
When I’d say, ‘Richard, my poor feet are
so tired!’ he’d always leap up, no matter
what he was doing,.and he’d take off my
shoes and stockings and rub my feet un-
til they were rested.”

So, day after day, she would go on
praising her hasband: always loyal ord
ready to take up argument in his de-
fense and it all sounded 80 hollow. and
strange in view of the man’s known char-
por Ps heartless, cruel and extremely
selfish

I never shall forget the day the Board
of Pardons met to pass on Bruno’s last
plea for life. Anna seemed more than
ordinarily cheerful that day and I sug-
gested that we go out.and do a little
shopping. I. wanted to keep her mind
occupied, and especially to keep her away
from the two ministers who always de-
pressed her.

Well, Anna beined me pick out a hat,
and, after we had done this, I. suggested
that. we go look at some shoes. I didn’t
expect the announcement of the Par-
don Board’s action until late in the after-
noon, so I wanted to keep her busy.

et Maid Ab)

ye hig
veins Sea aed

105

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1936

ieath
hink
his
‘om-

had
she
un-

into
n of
upt-
yped
ever

her
f an

-this
and
re-
juit-
her.
era-
rves

dled
me
ock-
just
r—

iter.
rea-

<—I

September 1936

laughing, he asked what was the trouble.

And Anna Hauptmann, nearly con-
vulsed ‘ with: laughter, reached. under the
mattress; took out my pocketbook; and
giggled: thoes
. “Tsn’t Jean the big baby? She thought
she’d lost her pocketbook. -*Ihid it on
her!” an

That washer idea of a good joke.

Anna Hauptmann’s temperament’ was
the queer anomaly of a fiery volcano and
a human iceberg.

Once, I took her to Loew’s Lexington
Theatre, in New York, where’ they were
showing the movie version..of Dickens’
famous “Tale of Two Cities.” This was
around New Year's, just a week or so
before Bruno was first scheduled for elec-
trocution.

To tell the truth, I had almost forgot-
ten the story which I hadn’t read since
childhood. And I had seen. publicity no-
tices which established the screen epic as
worthy of “four star” mention.

Consequently, I was shocked beyond
words when the first flicker of the be-
heading of the aristocrats appeared in the
eerie dimness.

[ REALIZED that I had committed an
almost unforgivable faux pas by taking
Anna,’ whose husband was condemned,
to such a gruiésome exhibition. My nerves
were all jittery.

But not hers. She sat there, taking it
all in, and although I tried to induce her
to leave, she wouldn’t. We remained right
through to the end, and, except for a
slight tenseness, and a noticeable tight-
ening of her lips, Anna Hauptmann gave
no sign that she was affected by the
sight.

I couldn’t help gasping with relief when
we got outside. But apparently, Anna
had stood it far better than myself, be-
cause in spite of my efforts to avoid
the picture as a topic of conversation
thereafter, she frequently referred to it,
and often evinced a desire to read the
book some time when she had leisure.

I might say that is the only time I
ever heard Anna ever indicate that she
was interested in books, although she
certainly was an avid reader of newspapers
—especially those which carried stories
about herself and her huband.

The worst exhibition. of Anna’s temper
I ever saw was when Egbert G. Rose-
crans, one of her husband’s trial counsel,
withdrew from the case. This was shortly
after Bruno’s first reprieve, and some news-
paper, misquoted Rosecrans ‘as stating
that he no longer believed in the Bronx
carpenter’s innocence,

Mrs. Hauptmann’s washed-out blue eyes
blazed with anger. Her English failed
her entirely and she verbally crucified
Rosecrans in tones of no uncertain hate
in her native German.

Even though I could not understand her
actual words, there could be no mistak-
ing the gestures which accompanied her
tirade.

She also hated Edward F. Reilly, who
acted as chief of counsel at her husband’s
trial. And once I thought it certain that
she was going to scratch out the eyes of
C. Lloyd Fisher, Flemington lawyer, who
fought until the’ last minute ‘to save
Bruno from the chair.

Anna Hauptmann had an uncanny habit
of picking “phonies.” Time after time
when her husband’s appeal was pending,
and while Fisher was breaking his neck
in his behalf, some crackpot would get
to Anna with a stupid idea which she
would try to “sell” Fisher over his pro-
test.

Once she actually “fired” Fisher. She
wrote him a letter telling him that
neither she nor her husband wanted him

True Detective M: ysteries

to have anything. further to do with the
case... f ORO LEE G 1ene Qaiae

.! Fisher} at'/a:-loss to ¢mecount: for: her

actions, visited ‘Hauptmann in’ the death
house. He. informed him of.“his \wife’s
activities and» threatened : to. withdraw
from the case unless she kept away from
the: various crackpots~some /well-mean-
ing, of course—who kept her in a con-
tinual state of upset. ‘1 i

Hauptmann summoned his wife ‘to his
cell and bluntly told her in German: ;

“Listen, Anna. Keep your nose out
of this. You. mind your. own d— busi-
ness!” f

A few days later; Mrs. Hauptmann
herself related the incident as a good
joke on herself. , t

Anna Hauptmann ‘at the time of her
husband’s passing, was quite a different
woman from the one.she was at the time
of his arrest.a-year and a half. earlier.
Of the servant type by birth, she had
acquired a certain polish, a certain poise,
possibly from observance of others in
dining rooms, on trains and in hotels.

Always crabbing at Fisher, on another
occasion she went to his office and bit-
terly denounced him: She ‘said one of
her most. intimate friends and a staunch
friend of her husband’s, had called upon
her and told her that “Fisher is no
good.” i

Fisher merely smiled.

“Is this woman,a close friend of yours,
too, Anna?” he asked. “Do you trust
her implicitly?” {

“I do,” she answered. “She is my best
friend and I trust her.” Alt

“Well,” said Fisher, still smiling, “how
do you account for this?” «. ‘

He reached into a drawer, fumbled
around a moment and then handed her
a letter. It was written to; him: by the
or whom Mrs. Hauptmann had’ men-
tioned. tr pag

ie esenat! to relate, this woman, this
“close friend” of. Anna, after reciting
all sorts of wrongs which she alleged Mrs.
Hauptmann had done her husband, con-
cluded with this flat statement:

“Anna Hauptmann is a pig!”

I was so surprised that I almost tum-
bled out of my seat. But not Anna. Ever
unpredictable, she hesitated a moment,
flushed slightly, and then dismissed. the:
subject with a casual:

“What’s the matter? Can’t you take
a gut choke? I was shoost choking!”

Anna used to have a lot of fun, even
at crucial moments when her husband's
fate swung by the sheerest of legal hairs,
out of being recognized in public.

She was a speed maniac. No one could
drive an automobile fast enough to suit
her. No matter how heavy the traffic
she was always urging the driyer: “Step
on it! Why go go slow?”

Consequently, the car in which she was
being driven—either by myself or one
of the photographers—was frequently
stopped by highway police. °

But Anna was always equal to the
occasion. She’d step out of the car, look
wistfully into the officer’s eyes and mur-
mur, ever so sadly:

“I’m Mrs. Hauptmann. Don’t you know

me? We were in a hurry to get some new
evidence to the lawyer’s office. He's got
to_ have it immediately.”
_ Never did she fail to register. Invar-
jably, the officer, impressed by her ap-
parent earnestness, would wave us on
with the admonition to “Take it easy”
in the future.

And then, once more on the way, Anna
would burst into paroxysms of laughter
at another “gut choke’—at the officer’s
expense.

Naturally, the day following Haupt-
mann’s forty-eight-hour reprieve, he was

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True Detective Mysteries

Seplember 1936

The Untold Truth About Hauptmann’s Wife!

eventually she shall be able to prove him
guiltless and thus remove the stigma of
“murderer's son” from her baby.

The five months I lived with Anna
Hauptmann were the most miserable ones
of my life. I spent last Christmas Day
with her. I spent New Year's Day with
her. Both days we went to visit her
husband in the death house.

Anna's despondency was exceeded only
by my own, Asa matter of fact, she bore
up better than I under the strain. Her
husband at that time was under sentence
to die during the week of January 13th.

T was virtually on the verge of collapse
when we returned after the New Year's
Day visit. So was Anna. it seemed. She
threw herself on the bed and wept bit-
terly. Isat in a chair and hit my finger-
nails to keep from doing likewise.

Then, a knock on the door. I answered
it. It was a newspaper photographer who
wanted a new picture of Mrs. Haupt-
mann.

Instantly, she became the “iron woman”
she characterized from the day of her
husband’s arrest, through the dreary days
of his trial in Flemington, and throughout
the nerve-racking three months during
which it seemed uncertain whether Bruno
would die.

| CAN'T pose for pictures looking like
this,” she cried. She leaped to her feet
and began dabbine at her eyes with a
towel. “Tell him,” she went on, “that
he’ll have to wait until I fix up a bit.”

And, “fix up,” she “did: «She “washed
her face and hands. She apphed powder
and lipstick, donned another dress, and
then, the picture of composure, she laughed
and joked with the photographer as he
made half a dozen exposures,

That incident revealed one side of
her emotions. She had as many others
as a diamond has facets. Tender-hearted
so far as her husband and baby were con-
cerned, she could be ruthless with others
if the occasion arose.

Recipient of many favors, both per-
sonal and financial, from myself and the
newspaper which employed me, she was
friendly towards me most of the time
But if things didn’t turn out just as she
wanted them to, she could be bitterly
selfish and absolutely thoughtless.

For instance: On the coldest night of
the winter, I drove her- to the home of
one of her husband’s §&piritual advisers,
the Reverend John Mathiessen. She
went inside and remained four hours,
leaving me sitting in my car, virtually
freezing.

When she emerged, weeping, as she
usually did after a visit to either Mathies-
xen or the Reverend D. G, Werner, Lu-
theran pastor who was ousted from his
charge because of his efforts in Bruno's
behalf, I chided her thus:

“My heavens, Anna! What kept you
~o long? I’m almost frozen sitting out
here in the car and J'll probably never
vet this motor started,” :

“Ach, what difference?” she asked, pet-
ulantly. “Me, I’m the one who's got
mein troubles.”

No apologies. Not a single thought as
to my comfort or welfare. Her purposes
had been accomplished. Hers and Bruno’s,
That was all that mattered. The rest
of the world, including myself, didn’t
count in her scheme of existence.

Anna Hauptmann was a typical Ger-
man housewife. In her home at "2505

Lorillard Place, The Bronx, there was a

place for everything, and everything in
its place. Her kitchen was Immaculate.

(Continued from page 19)

You could eat your dinner off the floor
anywhere in the apartment—it was <o
spotless.

But in the hotel room which we shared
in Trenton much of the time while her
husband’s last desperate legal battle for
life was going on, she was anything but
neat. One couldn’t step into the room
without falling over the toys of little
Mannfried, which cluttered up the room.

Anna idolized “Bubi,” her child. And
Mannfried, never taught to answer any
but his affectionately bestowed nickname,
knew it. He is a beautiful child, but
the worst “spoilt” one I ever saw.

One word of reproach: from his mother
and he would go into a fit of t
He'd throw himself on the floor, stamp
his feet and scream at the top of his voice
until he got what he wanted. And Anna,
never once while I knew her, attempted to
discipline him for such overt acts. If
other persons happened to be affected
by his exhibitions of temperament, it was
just too bad.

Anna Hauptmann was the most vora-
cious eater I ever saw, for a woman, at
least. She seemed to have an appetite
any time of the day or night. She never,
under any circumstances, let her husband's
plight interfere with her meals.

Upon one occasion we went to the
penitentiary to visit him about two o’clock
in the afternoon. Owing to a death house
rule that only one condemned man could
receive visitors at a time, we were forced
to wait. This was the day after Haupt-
mann received his second stay of execu-
tion and barely forty-eight hours before
he was whisked into eternity.

Upon our arrival in Warden Mark O.
Kimberling’s office we were informed that
Mrs. Norman Driscoll was inside. Mrs.
Driscoll’s husband, with Mrs. Marguerite
Dolbrow, was convicted for the murder of
the latter’s husband, Harry, on August
2nd, 19385.

OTH were under sentence of death,

and Mrs. Driscoll, like Mys. Haupt-
mann, was another loyal wife who con-
tinued to uphold her husband’s innocence
in the face of damning proof to the con-
trary.

Anyhow, we waited perhaps ten min-
utes. Then Anna began to grow restless
She paced up and down the Warden's
reception room ‘a few times and then
turned to me.

“Jean,” she said, “I’m about starved.
What you say we go back to the hotel
and get a bite to eat. We can come hack
later.”

We had had breakfast less than two
hours earlier. But I had long since reached
the stage where I knew it was hopeless
to oppose Anna’s wishes. So I agreed,

We went outside and stepped into my
car which I had: parked at the curb. As
we did so, there’ was a concerted rush of
photographers who had been waiting for
Mrs. Hauptmann. They had been
caught unawares, believing that she would
be inside at least an hour,

Anna fairly screamed with laughter as
she waved aside their pleas to wait a
moment while they could set up their
paraphernalia.

“That's the time we put one over on
you,” she giggled. “Hurry up, Jean, step
on it! That’s the time we fooled them!”

We drove to the hotel, entered the din-
ing room and Anna quickly got on the
outside of the biggest pyramid of waffles
T ever saw one person devour.

Then, beaming, we returned to the
prison, where she was permitted to visit

her husband for a few minutes.

Naturally, with her husband’s death
set for two days away, one would think
her thoughts would be centered on his
dilemma, especially after just having com-
forted him in his cell.

But they were not!

Thev still dwelt on the joke she had
plaved on the photographers, and she
continued to giggle from time to time un-
til we went to bed,

A servant girl suddenly shunted into
the limelight, due to the se sationalism o/
the “Crime of the Century,” Anna Haupt-
mann reveled in publicity and developed
the most weird sense of humor it has ever
been my experience to observe.

Tt was of a type that would permit her
fo roar with laughter at the sight of an
aged man or woman falling on the ice,

She had suffered deeply herself and_ it
seemed to give her pleasure to see others
suffer. Mentally or physically, it made
no difference. She could always get a big
laugh out of others’ discomfitures, al-
though she, herself, was the personifica-
tion of “touchiness,” if her own privacy
was invaded.

I became so angry with her onee—this
was only a day or so before her husband
won his first, last-minute thirty-day re-
prieve—that I seriously considered quit-
ting my job simply to get away from her,
Her peculiarities and lack of considera-
tion for others had so taxed my nerves
that 1 was on the verge of collapse.

For illustration: A friend of mine called
up the room one evening and invited me
to join him in the tap room for a cock-
tail. Anna was lying down—we had just
returned from a short shopping tour—
and I agreed.

I returned about half an hour later.
Anna still lay on the bed. For some rea-
son—perhaps seeking my  lipstick—I
started to look for my pocketbook. I
couldn’t find it.

Tt contained almost one hundred dol-
lars, and, naturally, after I had souzht
high and low for it without success, I be-
caine anxious. A hundred dollars in the
life of a newspaper reporter is quite a
sum of money, even in pesos.

I asked her if she had seen it and she
shook her head, “No,”

Then I thought that perhaps I'd taken
it with me down to the tap room and I
rushed downstairs. My frend was stil]
there and he helped me search, but it was
not there.

By this time I was simply sick at mv
loss. In spite of myself I burst into tears.

NNA came over to comfort me. She
put her arm around my shoulders and
said:

“Oh, come on, Jean. What do you
care for a hundred dollars. You make
that much in one week. Look at me.
Why, when I used to work, I had to work
two months for that amount. You cer-
tainly get away with things.”

Of course, this made my tears flow all
the more freely. I explained to her that
this was my rent money; that I had had
to maintain my apartment in New York
as well as our hotel accommodation in
Trenton. But still she continued to jibe
at my tears.

I stood it as long as I could and then
I became angry.

“Anna,” I eried. “If you don’t stop,
I’m going to leave you flat. I can't stand
any more. I won't!”

At that moment, a male reporter on
my paper, knocked at the door and
came in. Seeing me in tears, and Anna

Once, J
The atre,
showing
famous “
around N
before Bi
troctution
To tell
ten the s
childhood
tices whic
worthy of
Conseq
words wi
heading o
eerie din

[ REAL
almost
Anna, wi
to such a
were all

But not
all in, and
to leave, s!
through +
slight ten
ening of }
no sign
sight.

IT couldn
we got o
had stood
cause in
the pict
thereafter,
and often
book som

I. might
ever heard
Was inter’
certainly w
—especialls
about hers

The wor
I ever say
crans, one
withdrew {
after Brune
paper. mis
that he no
carpenter's

Mrs. Hat
blazed wit
her entire!
Rosecrans
in her nat

Even th
actual wor
Ing the ex
tirade,

She also
acted as ch
trial. And
she was go
CG Liovd Ff
fought unt
Bruno fron

Anna Hur
of picking
when her |
and while
in his beh:
to Anna \w
would try
test.

Once she
wrote him
neither she


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True Detective Mysteries

ingly vague and at their best uncertain.

We had two letters, laboriously written
with a pencil in printed characters, two
envelopes and a map—and little else.

‘We knew that the man we were after
was acquainted with Milton Academy; that
he was familiar with the entire district of
Milton, Mattapan, Hyde Park, Dedham
and Westwood. His specific, detailed in-
structions to Constance Morrow proved this.
But who was he? Where was he hiding?
Was he waiting to strike again? Was
Constance Morrow now safe, even in the
seclusion of her home behind barriers of
detectives? a;

The private detective agency retained by
the representatives. of J. P. Morgan &
Company in behalf of the Morrow family
was still actively at work on the case.

And operatives who were in touch with
me let it be known that they believed they
had a hot clue.

Working with me in the Boston district,
the private detectives had learned of some-
what similar blackmail attempts that had
been made recently. These had been aimed
at Mrs. Curtis Guild of Boston, widow of a
former governor of Massachusetts, at Mrs.
Charles Sumner Bird of Walpole, widow of
one of the Bay State’s richest men, and at
Mrs. Larz Anderson of Brookline, whose
husband had been the American Ambassa-
dor to Italy.

From the Washington office of the

agency had come word of threatening letters —

which had been written to prominent per-
sons in the national capital. An energetic
investigation had been made in Washing-
ton, and these letters had been traced to
the alleged writer.

The man who had written the threaten-
ing letters in Washington, demanding
money from prominent persons, the detec-
tives insisted, was a distinguished veteran
of the World War who had won distinction
by his uncanny success in decoding cipher
messages captured from the German forces.
In doing so he had wrecked his mind.

This war veteran, the detectives declared,
enjoyed the friendship and sympathy of
many powerful persons in the United
States War Department, and when he was
suspected of using his skill to extort money
by blackmail from wealthy persons his in-
fluential friends had quickly hushed up the
scandal, and had sent him to Boston,
Massachusetts, where he had been given a
post in the Internal Revenue service.

Wasn’t it plausible and probable that this
war veteran, his mind weakened by his
labors in war days over cipher messages,
had resumed his illicit efforts at blackmail
in Boston? So, at least the private detec-
tives argued,

This unfortunate war veteran was hunted
down and the detectives took him to Boston
Police Headquarters. They wanted him
locked up on a-charge of attempting to
blackmail Constance Morrow.

The suspect vehemently denied that he
was involved in the crime in any way. He
readily furnished the detectives with
specimens of his handwriting, both script
and printed characters, and answered all
questions regarding his movements during
April and May of 1929.

fice private detectives claimed they
could detect a certain similarity among
the blackmail letters to Mrs. Guild, Mrs.
Bird, Mrs. Anderson and Constance Mor-

row, and the specimens of handwriting .

admitted to be those of the war veteran.

But I believe that what swayed the pri-
vate detectives in their opinions was the
extraordinary fact that the three wealthy,
prominent matrons I have mentioned, all
were ordered by the blackmailer to throw the
money he demanded, over the wall of Gen-
eral Edwards’ country estate in Westwood,
in exactly the same spot designated in the
attempt to extort $50,000 from Constance
Morrow.

Nothing that appeared to be in the slight-
est degree suspicious was found in the
man’s home. There was nothing definite to
connect him with the dastardly crime
attempted against Colonel Lindbergh’s
young sister-in-law. None of the writing
paper or envelopes found in his room was
similar to that used in the Morrow black-
mail letters.

The searchers did find, however, an ex-
traordinary collection of military decora-
tions which had been awarded to the dis-
tinguished veteran by the American Govern-
ment and by many foreign governments
allied with us in the World War.

Randolph Avenue, Milton (Mass.),
looking east from Center Street toward
the Brook ‘Road Crossing. Miss
Morrow was ordered by the author
of the death threat to walk under
the trees shown in the left of the pic-
ture, while en route to the designated
spot with the fifty thousand dollars

Boston police officials present at the de-
tective’s inquisition of the man positively
refused to order his arrest or to permit any
inkling of the interrogation to become pub-
lic. The Boston police authorities were fully
convinced, just as I was, that this brilliant
hero of the World War had nothing to do
with the cowardly attack on Constance
Morrow’s, safety. and happiness. As the
result of this attitude he was at once re-
leased.

The case is not yet solved officially, but I
have not abandoned hope for a solution and
an arrest, The man we want was living in
the near vicinity of Milton, Massachusetts,
in the spring of 1929. He was an omniver-
ous reader of the newspapers. He failed
dismally in his attempt to extort $50,000
from Constance Morrow’s family, and some-
where, sometime, he has made a slip. One
of the readers of this inside story of an ex-
traordinary criminal case may be able to
supply the missing link of evidence we need.

I hope that I shall soon hear from that
person,

floor,
as he
cell.
Lan
Three
rose fi
towar
into tl
to wa
then |
point
he cai
Fathe
softly
living
Hig
rufflec
paper
began
spelle:
It >
go th
consi:
repric
So as
As
last 5
oppor
more

H
p!
its m
know
and
healt
a pal
dark
Haw
was
dull
on h
Heh
his ¢
mor!
clad
spor’
thro
hem
shoe
In
told
this
NM
incr‘
Bt
anot
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Ign

said
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T
han
and
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“ee

had
\
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Cy

raise

; fi layPt M4)

en he

WHAT HAUPTMANN
JUST BEFORE

By Rev. D. G. WERNER

Nore: In _ presenting this.story, TRus Derective Mys- adviser can know a man who confides his all in him. I be-
TERIES 7s well aware of the feeling in certain quarters that has _ lieve’ I was as close to him as it is possible for one human
arisen against the Reverend D. G. Werner on account of his faith being to be to another.
in Hauptmann. But the Lindbergh-Hauptmann case has now During my long and intimate association with the man
impressed itself upon the consciousness of the entirg world to convicted of the murder of the Lindbergh baby he told me
such an ertent that no narrow view can be taken by anyone. In certain things about the case that he told to no one except me—
other words, no part of the evidence in this case should be with- not even to his lawyer, C. Lloyd Fisher. He cleared up for
held or covered on account of fear or prejudice. That is why me many puzzling angles of the mystery that today are being
we are presenting this story of what happened in the death cell argued in the four corners of the land. He made revelations
at Trenton before Hauptmann went to the electric chair—Ed; that would have made front-page copy in every newspaper—

- for example, about the secret midnight visit to his cell in the
HE first time I ever saw Bruno Richard Hauptmann death house of Detective Ellis H. Parker and his secretary,

was in the court-room at Flemington, New Jersey, Mrs. Anna Bading, dressed in men’s clothing.
during his trial for the murder of Charles Augustus All of those things I have until now kept in the strictest
Lindbergh, Jr., the son of the beloved flier and the confidence. But now that Hauptmann is gone, the secrets
former Anne Morrow. The last time I saw Bruno Richard of the death house can be told. The editor of Trur Detuctive
Hauptmann was when a doctor in the death chamber at the Mysruris has convinced me that it is my duty to disclose
State Prison in Trenton leaned over an inert form in the all I know about the Lindbergh case, to reveal at last just
electric chair and said, “This man is dead.” In between what went on in the death house during the time that I visited
those times I came to know Hauptmann as only a spiritual Bruno Richard Hauptmann there, and, as the man who was

54


As told to AVERY HALE

(Directly above) C. Lloyd Fisher
(left) and Samuel Leibowitz in
the Stacy-Trent Hotel in Trenton
immediately after the dramatic
conference of Bruno’s two lawyers
at which Leibowitz withdrew
from the case. (At top, right)
Bruno Richard Hauptmann, cen-
ter of the greatest mystery mur-
der case in all history

(Left, above) Crowds outside
the walls of the New Jersey State
Prison waiting tense and silent
for final word on the fate of the
condemned man the night that
Hauptmann was executed

(Right) Frank Adams, Trenton

electrical engineer who built the

electric chair in which Haupt-
mann died

55

COPS) SES ee Re RR ARES ES

Te

Pin

56 True Detective Mysteries

closest to Hauptmann when he stood on the brink of eternity,
to tell the whole world what the doomed man’s-exact words
were, when Death beckoning, I asked him for the first time
if he committed the crime for which he was about to die. It
is my firm conviction that the condemned man’s answer to
that question, which will be put down here word for word
in its sequential place cannot be ignored, when all the cir-
cumstances surrounding it are considered.

WHEN I first read in the papers about Hauptmann’s
arrest, and how more than fourteen thousand dollars
of the'ransom money had been found in his garage, secreted
in holes in the woodwork, I was convinced that Hauptmann
was guilty at least of some connection with the Lindbergh
kidnapping. I had never heard of the man prior to that time.

My wife, who is a social service worker, and I went over
to Flemington while the trial was in progress and managed
to get into the packed court-room. It was early in the trial,
while the State, led by the able Attorney General, David T.
Wilentz, was presenting its case. I saw Colonel Lindbergh
and his lovely wife, the former Anne Morrow, sitting there,

(Above) Colonel Mark O. Kim-
berling, Principal Keeper of the
New Jersey State Prison at thé
time the Lindbergh kidnapper
was incarcerated there, reading
an announcement on the execu-
tion to the waiting reporters

October 1936

and my heart went out to them, for I knew what a terrible
ordeal they must be going through. I had always had great
admiration for the true and great courage of Colonel Lind-
bergh, and this crisis he was now facing was just another
test of the man’s fine character. Not a word less could be
said for Mrs. Lindbergh, an innocent mother who had un-
flinchingly gone through the tortures of the damned.

I must confess that I did not have any sympathy for Haupt-
mann. I am a minister of the gospel, but I am also a human
being and as such I would naturally have a strong feeling
against anyone even remotely connected with such a crime
as the Lindbergh atrocity. But I was curious about Haupt-
mann. As he sat there, with his chin resting on his fist, star-
ing at the witnesses who were testifying against him, I got
the impression that this was a very cold-blooded man indeed.
How anyone accused of such a hideous crime could sit there
and calmly listen to testimony such as Hauptmann listened
to, look over at the Lindberghs, and even smile to his lawyers
once in a while, was beyond me.

Then something suddenly dawned on me. Hauptmann
might be having difficulty in understanding what was going
on about him! Perhaps I had mistaken confusion for cold-
bloodedness. The more I studied the man, with this in mind,
the more I leaned toward the belief that my first impression
of the defendant had been erroneous.

When my wife and I walked from the court-room at the
end of the day’s session, I was firmly convinced that Haupt-
mann was a very bewildered individual and that, in the
absence of ability to grasp what was going on around him,


child, Norman ‘Harvey
have been arrested_in

capture followed tw 3

Lindbergh family over. a %

¢ Lindbergh, /age ‘six
ined they simply, cone
e checks f

NG THE GIRL
rair alleged to have
ransom, Mrs. Mary
zeles endeavored to
rl Hammer and W.
{ammer’s aide. Mrs.
dying the seated sus-
ed to cover his face
nperturbed. A com-
Skeele kidnaping will
y issue of Startling
Adventures.

LING DETECTIVE

FEDERAL AGENTS rushed
copies of Lindbergh ransom
notes to Los Angeles for com-
parison with the handwriting
of William Dathe (shown at
tight above) when he was :
found with a child alleged to have been kidnaped in
Germany. He confessed escaping a German insane
asylum in 1914 but told conflicting stories about
the identity of the little girl, Hedwig (above), who
does not know her surname.

ADVENTURES

DETECTIVE TABLOID, PAGE 3

MYSTERY MAN AND CHILD HELD IN LINDY CASE

LEAPING FROM THE 33rd FLOOR of Chicago’s Medinah
Athletic Club, Vera Hayburn, blonde stenographer, committed
suicide, ending an evening’s festivities that brought about
an investigation into details of her activities during the evening
and resulted in questioning of several of her friends.

TE REP Perm LP

19


vunties, .

ility of Lindbergh baby’s head was large.)
. child's A condition of rickets in. the body
nistake Gf this condition was in any way
easily vs comparable to.that of the Lind-
of ap- bergh baby.)
But, _ The. identification of the father
it rier j after a brief inspection.
ror of...
ests © The following facts tend to prove that
‘ found the body examined was not that’of the
vas the Lindbergh child:
r mustiaeks 1. A difference in height amounting
.dadter ? “to 414 inches.
16 was i Be unusual state of decomposi-
. ion, *
nticdied 3. The proximity of the find to
sex of ee point carefully searched.
i The wunclosed fontanel, indicating
+ gazed 4’ hat. the. discovered child was
te irl. younger or suffered from a more
nae “advanced case of rickets. °
-ement,. ae The fact that no one other than .
official “ the distracted father ever flatly -
ild, as ‘declared the corpse to be that of
ied ‘byes is missing baby.
sed by he hasty examination for identi-
rthatl cation purposes, with its chance
: onan or error
al: fens “he extraordinary o| opportunity for

ld not
rcular,
is not’
it the
erence:
r than
Te
té.

+ wat
baby’s

| open

snown
letely
baby

tories
ot be
ch in
ar.
this
lition
» diet
riven
fom-
aye)
vaby,
aphs
it an

body

the
iated
phy-
’ the

n. unusually large head (if. the

rror. in the identification owing
‘to. the panera pists of mind.

kidnapers ‘and quelling of. public
hysteria: were concerned, ~~:
‘The absence of an inquest. .
‘Unusual motives on) the part of
everal ‘persons for the placing
‘of another “body at» the. point
where it! was. found such as
hances for ‘the kidnapers to con-
‘duct unhampered: negotiations at
a later date" =).
Frequency of mistaken identifica-
tion in cases by. no means so dif-
“ficult as this.; Sey nga :
. <The failure to use the numerous
identification.» 3%)"
Trickery or ruse pratticed: by the
investigation in dealing with the
press regarding the main case.
’ 14. Description of the body as a
1 skeleton when such a condition
of the body might have meant its
presence at that location for as
: long as eight months,
i 15. Statement of the investigators
that they could not tell how long
j the body had lain where found.
} 16. The fact that not more than 20
of:the 72 days between the kid-
naping and. the finding of the
body were conducive to rapid de-
composition.
17. Fact that sex was undetermined.
18. Quick cremation of the body.

In view of all these facts and bits of
circumstantial evidence, and particularly

ossible* methods » of ‘Scientific

in. view of the disparity in height men-
tioned, it seems to me only one conclusion
can possibly be reached and that is that the
body of the Lindbergh child was not
found!

Yet there was one other bit of evi-
dence and I have waited till now to
mention it because of the extraordinary
significance it may have in fixing the
guilt on the persons who planted the
body where it might be found.

It is the tiny garment found about the
body of the dead child.

This garment, a little shirt made by
the hands of nurse Betty Gow for the
emergency of the baby’s cold, was iden-
tified by the family and is said to have
matched the piece of cloth from which
it was fashioned.

If this shirt was actually and posi-
tively so identified, then only two ¢on-
clusions are possible. Either the Lind-
bergh baby measured four and a half
inches longer in death than it did in
life or all doubt must be abandoned that
it was placed about another dead child
planted at the spot for some. definite
purpose,

The knowledge that the shirt had been
identified might account for the hasty
identification of the skeleton by Colonel
Lindbergh.

And the fact that it appeared upon the
body makes it possible to say. definitely
for’ the first time. that the person re-
sponsible for its being wrapped about
the dead child had guilty knowledge of
the kidnaping.

The kidnapers themselves could have
placed the body there, using the shirt to
establish identity as they used the sleep-
ing garment to prove that they had the

‘baby.

Gangsters having a part in the crime
could. have used the garment so. And

Spitale and Bitz could not have used it

in that fashion if they did not have con-

tact with the kidnapers.

The hoax theory is exploded. No
crank could have duplicated that little

garment.

The single investigator is out. Pos-
session of the shirt would have made
him the greatest hero of the hunt. It
would have given the hunt the most
vital clue.

Chance is ruled out for a body uncon-
nected with the crime would not have
worn a shirt to be confused with this
home-made garment.

By all odds, the probability is that the
kidnapers themselves arranged for the
planting of the body in order to quiet
the public furore, planning to wait their
own good time for further negotiations
or revelations in the case.

This being the fact, the whole world
is challenged to take up anew the hunt
for Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., for
he has probably been more carefully
guarded than any other kidnaped child
in history.

Who profited most by the kidnaping of the Lindbergh baby?

Who had the devil’s own cunning that for many years permitted
him to reign as King of Swindlers, flouting his astounding career
of trickery and suspected murder and spying and double dealing
in the capitals of the world. Who dared to play his cunning games
within the very White House at Washington? You will have the
answers in all of their court record proof and details, fascinating
‘revelations that involve many of the most famous figures of modern
history, in an early issue of Startling Detective Adventures.

Watch for the branding of the King of Swindlers.

sale April 28—The Editor.

June issue on

Ti SPY- or GERMANY

Als ARTHUR GUY EMPEY

I Spy
For Germany

Thrill to this true story of how
Friedrich Wilhelm von Bergers-
feld, Operative No. 9 of the
German Imperial Secret Service
diced with death in the world
war—a remarkable story written
in exile.

O'Leary’s
Tank Busters

A complete novelet based on
records and citations of the
“Treat ’Rm Rough’ outfit, a
thrilling fro story. of “agit”
ing Yanks by “the world’s fore-
most author of war stories.

By Arthur Guy Empey

Thrilling
True War Stories

A complete magazine of true war
tales. There are hours of thrills
with heroic fighters on land and
sea and in the skies in this great
issue of a great magazine written
by decorated fighters of various
nations.

Powoatth

NOW ON SALE
Ten Cents

Tf your news dealer
is sold out, send
10c in stamps or
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4 Stories magazine, 4
529 SS. 7th = St.,
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Minn., and a copy
of the current ts-
sue will be mailed
to your address.

THANK You For MENTIONING STARTLING DetectTIvE ADVENTURES 65


for the month of March, if it lay at the
spot where it was found, the body of
this baby was virtually in cold storage.

As I have said, the body was found
in a depression where no sunshine pene-
trated on account of the heavy trees and
hedges. This means that the spot where it
lay is several degrees cooler than the gov-
ernment records show. I venture to say
that during the entire month of March,
the place registered freezing or under.

In April the average for the month
was 49. Keep in mind that decomposi-
tion does not start to any great extent
until the temperature reaches 50 degrees.

And yet, during the entire month of
April, the average was only 49. And the
spot where the baby was found, being in a
shady section, most likely registered several
degrees lower.

There were twenty days in April in
which the thermometer registered in the
thirties. On those days there would not
have been any speedy putrefaction.
The twelve days in May averaged 55
This is only five degrees above the point
where active decomposition sets in.

How, then, could the body of the Lind-
bergh baby have become so terribly de-
cayed?

The Coroner’s Findings

Nee let us glance at the report of
the coroner's physician and get
from the records the awful state which
the autopsy showed.
Here is the official report of the au-
topsy:
“Sex undetermined, due to marked
decomposition of body.
“General appearance—badly decom-
osed. Left leg from knee down miss-
ing. Left hand missing. Right fore-
arm missing. Abdominal organs ¢x:
* cept liver missing. Eyes softened and
decomposed. Thoracic organs except
heart missing. Skin of head, face,
portion of ‘chest and right foot dis-
colored and decomposed.
“Body shows evidence of prolonged
exposure and unusual.. decomposition

that would occur in the course of ap-

proximately two or three months time,
~ depending on climatic conditions that
might produce such results.

“Special characteristics: Unusually

high and prominent forehead’ and
’ cranium, apparently greater in circum-

ference than would be found in a child
. of this age.

“The first toe of the right foot com-
pletely overlaps the large toe. Height,
thirty-three and a half inches. Light
curly hair about three inches. in length
and a section. of skin on right foot,

which has not become discolored, indi-:

cates a child of the white race.

“The facial muscles, the only ones
of the body that have not deteriorated
would indicate a well developed child.

“Autopsy findings: General decom-

eres of the muscles of the entire

ody and other soft tissues except the
face but marked discoloration and
some disfigurement of this part of the
body existed due to softening of the
eyeballs and a swollen condition of the
lips and tongue.

“There was also a fracture of the
skull extending from the fontanel
down the left side of the skull to .a
point posterior to the left ear where it
bifurcated into two distinct fractures.

“There was also a perforated frac-
ture about a half inch in diameter on
the side of the skull posterior to the

_ right ear.

“There was evidence of a hemor-
rhage on the inner surface of the left
side of the skull at the point of frac-
ture. The scalp was so badly decom-
posed that it was impossible to find
any contusions or hemorrhagic condi-
tions external to the skull.

“The fontanel was not closed, The
opening in the skull at this point being
about one inch in diameter. Diagnosis
of the cause of death is a fractured
skull due to external violence.”

CHARLES MITCHELL,
County physician.

Thus it is plainly evident that the
foregoing report is of an infant that has
either been subjected to three or more
months of hot weather exposure, where-
in decomposition could get in its rapid
work, or eight or ten months under con-
ditions minus intense heat.

But all this goes counter to the testi-
mony of the father, Colonel Lindbergh,
that he believed the remains found were
those of his lost child.

Let us examine the circumstances of
the identification,

Chief William P. Walter of Trenton,
N. J. was present at the official identi-
fication of the Lindbergh baby. I talked
with the chief shortly after I visited
the scene of the crime. He gave me a
vivid picture of the colonel as the identi-
fication took place.

He said that, at first, just, the head of
the baby was uncovered, Colonel Lind-
bergh ordered the covering pulled down

further, finally asking that it be entirely -.

removed, The covering had been placed

there to begin with to prevent the: sudei
den shock. Experienced men in the
morgue had seen too many fathers faint.

on viewing the bodies of loved ones.

Colonel Lindbergh looked at the teeth, '’
noticed the hair. and then looked at the.”

overlapping toe.

“Are you satisfied that the body is”

that of your child?” he was asked,
“I am parte satisfied that it is my
child,” he replied. ae
These were the words which brought

to a conclusion the world-wide suspense.

over the faté of the Lindbergh baby. It
did not occur to anyone at first that a
father might be mistaken in such cir-
cumstances. : ‘ ’

Yet parents have been many times so
mistaken, even under circumstances by.

no means so extreme as these.

Father Mistaken?

ie MUST be remembered that Colonel
Lindbergh visited “the scene an

‘Viewed the body after it had been pro-.

claimed to the world as apparently the
Lindbergh child. He expected to find his
child there. s 4

Perhaps he was, correct in this belief.’

“

But there is alSo a very distinct pos-
sibility amounting almost to a probability
that he was mistaken. >) Re

For there is one astounding fact that
has not been pointed out. big ea

It will be recalled that the autopsy report

gives the height of the child as 33% inches.

Reference to the official circular an-

nouncing the kidnaping reveals the fact

that the height of the child is given very
definitely at 29 inches. agit:
This is a difference of 4% inches. It

would. be a difference distinctly’ notice-| ae
able in two persons of mature stature.

In a child of this age it amounts to a
difference of nearly one sixth the entire
height of the smaller child. é x4

Inge

closed at the age of the

child.

- fittle later that a photograph had been

’ destroyed.:

‘ter. He was offended by its tone and,
{£ the photographs were taken, it i

. are facts that tend to sh
‘Lindb

Medical officers of various counties,
when asked concerning the possibility of
error in the measurement of a child's
skeleton have indicated that a mistake
of one or two inches would be easily
possible owing to the difficulties of ap-
proximating the posture of life. But
none have been found who admit even
the remote possibility of an error of
four and one-half inches.

It is not possible that the child found
dead near. that Hopewell road was the
missing Lindbergh baby!

The identification by the father must
be wholly discounted. He announced after
a very brief examination that he was
satisfied the child was his. Yet the minute
examination made by the county physician
was not able to establish even the sex of
the body found.

The skeleton at which the father gazed « ‘
might have been that of a little girl
much taller than his own son. rs

In further support of this statement,
it must be pointed out that the official
description of the Lindbergh child, as
given in the official circular issued by
the police authorities, makes no mention
of the fact that the skull was larger than
usual. It makes no mention of an over-
lapping toe. Surely these principal fea-
tures of the identification should not
have been left out of a police circular.

The age of the child found dead is not
given in the autopsy report but the
statement is made that the circumference
of. the cranium is apparently greater than

The
f

he

—twenty months. *
_ According to the Fischer Laboratorie
in. Chicago, the fontanel:should not be:
more than three quarters. of an. inch;
diameter at the end of the first year.

Other physicians report that © this:
might be accounted for by a condition,
of rickets and it is known) that the’ die
of the Lindbergh baby was that: give
for a child so afflicted but this is a com
mon condition and was by no means
severe in the case of the Lindbergh baby,
as is clearly shown by his photograp
and his ability to, stand and, walk at
early age. % RES)

It will be remembered that the body:
of the child found. and ‘proclaimed the
Lindbergh child, was immediately cremated
and without an inquest. The family phy-
sician was not.called to help identify h

» Colonel j Lindbergh ey: faternied a

taken of the body. He immediate];
wrote to Chief Walter to ask that th
photograph and_ plate Pe. obtained an

Chief Walter did not reply to this let

to say that they still exist.
To sum up the evidence, t

4, The location of the. find
2. The light curly hair.
. An overlapping toe

., bergh baby was §

o

ue
>
a
.o)

alto?

The

foll

the body «
Lindbergh

1.

9.
10.

i.
1d

12

15.

16,

Ac-
to
Th
tio!
Th
po:
Th
th
yo
ad
Th
th


DETECTIVE TABLOID, PAGE 2 iy

SUSPECTS CAUGHT IN NEW LINDY EXTORTION PLOT =©MY.

ACCUSED OF KIDNAP PLOT against Colonel.
Charles A. Lindbergh’s second child, Norman Harvey ©:
1 (left) and Joe Bryant (right) have been arrested ins
Roanoke, Va., after cashing a $17,000 check left in?
«|. the old stump shown. Their. capture followed two,
months of new terror in the Lindbergh family over,
danger to little Jon Morrow Lindbergh, age six
months. The suspects maintained they simply hai -
; ‘ pened to find the check. agi

BEES

as Prac o BPR Mecitay Ky sit +4 egies
> CONFRONTING THE GIRL ©
LEADER of the. pair alleged to have
kidnapped her for ransom, Mrs, Mary ;\’
Skeele of Los. Angeles: endeavored | to! ‘i

|. FEDER
/~ copies of
. notes to L
“parison v

| Germany.
asylum in
the identit.

Detective

ow

ADVENT

ey }
ates ie terns x
val oe Ut Saree new anita


ETT

oF

\|

a

a SSN

a

Fs

Ufa

Bruno Richard Hauptmann at New York City police
headquarters in 1934. Scholars still disagree about

whether Hauptmann was the Lindbergh baby’s
kidnapper-killer or an innocent man.

126

THE KIDNAPPING OF THE LINDBERGH BABY

With the discovery of the child’s body, the entire nation entered a
period of mourning. In addition to grief, another powerful emotion
emerged from the public psyche: rage. Across the land a clamor for
vengeance was raised on the Lindberghs’ behalf. But vengeance had
to wait some two and one-half years, until German immigrant Bruno
Richard Hauptmann paid for gas at a Bronx service station with one
of the marked bills from the ransom payoff. The attendant notified
authorities, who immediately arrested Hauptmann. A search of the
traveling carpenter's premises turned up more of the Lindbergh ran-
som money. It seemed the murderer had been found.

Or had he? Whether Hauptmann was the kidnapper /murderer of
the Lindbergh baby remains a topic of controversy. Many criminal jus-
tice scholars maintain that the police and the prosecuting attorneys
manufactured evidence that implicated Hauptmann, while at the
same time they withheld evidence that might have exonerated him.
Moreover, it is known that many prosection witnesses lied on the
stand or were coached about what to say. Yet legal malpractice does
not an innocent man make, and there remains a strong possibility
that Hauptmann was indeed the killer of Charles Lindbergh’s son.

Innocent or guilty, Hauptmann was indicted for the crime. His
1935 trial wos conducted openly, amidst heavy media coverage. A
circus atmosphere prevailed in the courtroom, where radio broadcast
ers and newsreel cameramen were in constant and clamorous attend:
ance. In the end, Hauptmann was found guilty and sentenced to die in
the electric chair. Shortly before his scheduled execution, the Gover-
nor of New Jersey offered to commute his sentence to life imprison-
ment in exchange for an admission of guilt. Hauptmann refused, and
was duly put to death on April 3, 1936. His willingness to die is as
puzzling as the question of his guilt. Was this his way of punishing
himself for a crime he had committed—or was it the last prideful act
of an innocent man?

CRIMES OF THE 20TH CENTURY


Hopewell police and the New Jersey state police. In the meantime,
much important evidence was damaged or irretrievably lost. Once the
investigation got underway, the police concentrated their efforts on a
series of ransom notes the Lindberghs received from the unknown
kidnapper. The police labored under an intense media scrutiny that
went well beyond the bounds of good taste. Yet the media could claim
with some justification that it was merely feeding the insatiable curi-
osity of the American people, who had reacted to the kidnapping as if
a beloved family member had been abducted. A kind of hysteria was
generated, one in which the police felt pressured to make an arrest.
The newspapers tripped over each other to report every morsel of
fact or rumor no matter how intrusive, hurtful, or just plain false.
Lindbergh's meddling in the case presented a further hindrance to the
police, as did the involvement of various individuals who thought they
had a contribution to make. Among the latter were an heiress who
offered to meet the kidnapper’s ransom demands, and Chicago gang-
ster Al Capone, who volunteered to help in any way he could—from
his jail cell. Of more practical value were the efforts of the FBI, which
was allowed to participate in the investigation after successfully lob-
bying Congress to pass the so-called Lindbergh Kidnapping Law.

Lengthy negotiations for a payout to the kidnapper were con-
ducted by a certain Dr. John Condon, one of the many individuals who
had made it their business to help Lindbergh. Dr. Condon met with a
mysterious man in a cemetery who had enough information about the
child to convince Lindbergh that he was genuine. On April 2, Lind-
bergh handed $50,000 in cash to Condon, who passed it on to the
man. Condon was told where to pick up the child, but no one ap-
peared at the given location. Lindbergh had been made the victim of
a cruel, and expensive, hoax. But worse news was yet to come. On
May 12, the badly decomposed body of Charles Lindbergh, Jr., was
found in the woods not four miles from the family’s New Jersey home.

CRIMES OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Charles Lindbergh and his wife, Anne Morrow
Lindbergh, in front of one of his planes shortly after
their marriage. The most important American hero of
his time, Lindbergh could not be refused by police
when he insisted on an active role in the kidnapping
investigation. His efforts hamstrung others who might
have gotten better results.

125

SMa sale

—

A a

i

a

CRIMEBEAT

Triumph before
tragedy: A national

hero after his 1927

solo flight from New
York to Paris,

Charles A. Lindbergh
made a tempting

target for extortion.

The victim:

y__ Lindbergh's baby son
was killed—perhaps
accidentally—on the
night he was
kidnapped.

The accused; German immigrant Bruno Richard
Hauptmann was executed for the murder.

Nearly six
decades after
his death,
Hauptmann’s
widow is still
fighting to
clear his name—
and to prove
that the world-
famous kidnap
trial was rigged.

BY TONY SCADUTO

he has stayed alive so long, says :

94-year-old Anna Hauptmann, :

because “the Lord will not take |

me until New Jersey finally ad- |
mits that my Richard was innocent”—and_ :
that he didn’t commit the crime that sent :
him to the electric chair more than half a
century ago.

Speak to Anna Hauptmann for any -
length of time and she makes a pretty con- |
vincing case for her husband, Bruno :
Richard Hauptmann, who was electrocuted:
in Trenton, New Jersey, on April 3, 1936, :
for abducting and killing Charles A. |
Lindbergh, Jr., the 20-month-old son of the :
world-famous aviator.

The state proved to a jury’s satisfaction ;
that Hauptmann drove from his home in the:
Bronx, New York City’s northernmost bor-
ough, to the Lindberghs’ new home in :
Hopewell, in southern New Jersey, on the
night of March 1, 1932. There, they said, -
he placed a rickety home-made ladder :
against the side of the building, climbed to
the second-floor nursery, let himself in ;
through the window, and pulled the boy -
from his crib. He then, said the prosecution,
left a ransom note on the window sill and :
climbed down the ladder. Halfway down, a :
rung snapped, and young Lindbergh’s skull
was fractured when it smashed against the :
building, killing him. Hauptmann, the state

Award-winning journalist Tony Scaduto is :
a writer for New York Newsday

47


charged, then drove about four miles with
the body and buried it in a stand of woods.

The body was found a bit more than two
months later, after a $50,000 ransom was
paid. About $30,000 of the ransom was in
bills whose serial numbers were recorded by
investigators.

Mrs. Hauptmann says that’s all a pack of
lies—and about 80,000 pages of documents
eventually released from the files of the FBI,
the New Jersey State Police, and the New
York City Police Department go a long way
to bearing her out.

Before laying out that evidence, I must
disclose that in 1976 I’m the author of
Scapegoat, the first book to question
Hauptmann’s guilt. Based on only a small
fraction of the documents that were to sur-
face years later, Scapegoat proved with a
high degree of certainty that Hauptmann
was framed. A strong word, framed, but the
only one possible for what was done to him.

Later, noted English writer Ludovic
Kennedy published a 1985 book on the
case, based on additional documents, and fi-
nally just about every scrap of paper on the
case that still survived was pried loose by
Mrs. Hauptmann’s lawyer, Robert Bryan.

All of it shows very clearly that every bit
of evidence introduced at Hauptmann’s trial
in 1936 was either manufactured by police
and prosecution or distorted by so-called
eyewitnesses. Without exception, those wit-
nesses—many of whom were promised, and
some of whom did get, a share in a reward
offered for conviction—lied when they
placed Hauptmann near the Lindbergh
home on the day of the kidnapping or identi-
fied him as the man who extorted the ran-
som money. One of them, who’d claimed
he’d seen Hauptmann in a car near
Lindbergh’s home on the afternoon of the
kidnapping, was legally blind at the time.

The documents also prove that
Hauptmann’s alibis for key dates in the case,
which the prosecutor called lies, were in-
deed the truth. All evidence supporting them
was suppressed.

“My husband did not kidnap the
Lindbergh baby,” Mrs. Hauptmann insists.
“There is a God in heaven, and He knows
that Richard picked me up at the bakery
where I worked on the night of the kidnap-
ping and drove us home, where we stayed
all night.

“They built the case on lies, only on lies,
and they knew it. They know it today. They
know they killed an innocent man.
Murdered him. They are the murderers, not
him.”

Mrs. Hauptmann is a small, frail woman,
but still active and full of vigor, with clear

48

aI Blakely's erpeeabolrs or fate unless
‘ ted complete immunity. He finally
‘cl med that. Blakely had been accidentally
mothered during ape abduction. Pascal

Ga Verotta New York city, 1921:
WABlack Hand xtortionists s ized five-

Manded $2500 ransom from the boy’s
heart-merchant father. The rumor was
se, and they whittled their demand down

tta Senior single-handedly captured a
kidnapper at the ransom pickup, and police
later arrested four others. The gang retaliat-
ed by strangling little Giuseppi. He was the
: firs kidnap victim to be killed ner the ran-

though confessions’ iriclcatey as

Ra "s most brutal ransom kidnap-
ig began when a man picked up 12-year-
Marian Parker from school, claiming her
erk father was ill. (Her twin sister,
arjorie, was not taken.) Four ransom
demanding $1500 followed. The po-
ice scared off the kidnapper at the first
rop-off, but the second seemed to go bet-
r _ Parker handed the kidnapper the mon-

ina blanket and pparently
I rugged. She was dead, howeve! , Her arms
in legs had been sawn off and a wire
wisted around her throat; her eyelids had

een sewn open to give the appearance of

Within a week, the kidnappe * 19year-
Hickman, was arrested in. Oregon.

ntly was bitter after being 1 fired for
check. Quickly convicted, Hickman

ad won a $50) 000 Hun? suit, ‘they de-

$500. In a gutsy but ill-advised move,

any as 40 others, only the five were con

an Parcels Los niceles, 1 1927:

ad worked at the same bank as Parker

anged, thus becoming the first per-
cuted in connection with aransom

shington, 1935: Spurred by reports
is timber tycoon grandfather's death -

CRIMEBEAT

lucky survivor: Timber-
Weyerhaeuser was st

way home from ;
promptly paid the
George was releas
week, a little wors:
chained to trees anc
The ransom mor
recorded, started px
Within two weeks, tI
Harmon and Marga
in Salt Lake City.
Dainard remained
year before the FB
Francisco. The trio |
from 20 to 60 years.

harles Mattson,
days after Chris’
into the home of D
prominent surgeor
Charles, and left a re
$28,000. Oddly eno
a playmate of George
The Mattsons pre
municated with the |
per ads. However, tt
stopped responding
the ransom. Charle
found in an Everett,
weeks later. He had |
The case became th:
ransom kidnapping s
jurisdiction.

obby Greenle:
Missouri, 1953:
relative” ruse as Ed
Bobby, son of a we:

APRIL 1993


Dnwoy

fa
the
xt

uor
top
ery
ices
full
at
ree-
ails
ring
still

» a
‘on-
hire
van-
{ to
um-
ides,
ions

wich
lice
olite
The
and
ceeps

those

peri 1

INSIDE DETECTIVE

Who Helped Hauptmann?

(Continued from page 21)

that slip. The attitude toward this frag- ‘

ment of evidence is typical in connection
with the prosecution of Hauptmann. There
was an immediate effort to belittle it. It
was asserted that since the ransom money
found at the bank and the slip coverage
were not the same, the slip did not per-
tain to the ransom deposit. Yet the ad-
dress given by “Faulkner,” 537 East 159th
Street, was found to be fictitious. It
would certainly be a remarkable coinci-
dence if two persons exchanged $2,980
and gave duplicate fictitious addresses on
the same day.

From the outset the Condons were con-
vinced that the man who delivered the
first note at the Condon doorsill—instruct-
ing Dr. Condon to go to St. Raymond’s
Cemetery on April 22—was an accom-
plice. Everything about his conduct in-
dicated to Mrs. Myra Hecker, daughter
of Dr. Condon, who opened the door for
him, that this man was involved in the
plot. But since he got away. before any
description of himself or his car could
be obtained, the suspicion regarding him
dwindled. Of course, he could not be
found. He was not Hauptmann; that
much is certain.

Even in a case in which the caliber of
some witnesses, especially in the Jersey
area, was decidedly inferior, it was rather
surprising that little or no attention was
paid to the evidence of Brevoort Bolmer,
an upstanding Princeton graduate, who
operated a filling station midway between
Hopewell and Princeton. He declared
that on the day the Lindbergh baby . was
kidnaped, March 1, 1932, he saw a man
and a woman in a dark green car at his
station with the kidnap ladder on the side
of their car. He positively identified the
ladder in court.

He could not identify the woman, he
said, but he was positive that the man
was not Hauptmann, since he was dark
and of a very definite type in no way
resembling the defendant. The defense
showed Bolmer a picture of Isidor Fisch,
upon whom Reilly sought to put respon-
sibility for the murder. When Bolmer
declared that Fisch was not the man,
either, the defense, like the State, lost
interest in the witness.

Briefly, the only evidence stressed in
the trial of Hauptmann was that which
fit one of two patterns—one for the de-
fense and one for the prosecution. Obvi-
ously any deviation from those two pre-
conceived patterns terminated the inter-
est in the testimony before the court.

I have absolutely no sympathy for
Hauptmann. I think he was amply in-
volved in the Lindbergh outrage to war-
rant his death sentence—and yet I think
the case presents inexplicable angles un-
less it is granted that Hauptmann had
vital aid at the Hopewell end of his opera-
tions.

The suicide of Violet Sharpe, maid at
the Morrow home, when New Jersey
State Police were about to re-question
her, has never been satisfactorily or con-
vincingly explained. She might very well
have been an innocent accomplice in the
plot. It was shown that she had made
many casual acquaintances. Possibly she
was so intently questioned about the move-
ments of the Lindberghs to and from
Hopewell that, upon the discovery of the
tragedy, she realized that she had uncon-
sciously betrayed persons whom she loved
and respected.

Further, although I have no confidence
regarding participation in the plot by any
of the others mentioned by the defense—
including the dead Ollie Whateley, Betty
Gow, Red Johnson, Mrs. Whateley or
Fisch—I think there is every indication
of inside help from the Hopewell home
of Colonel Lindbergh.

LET US CONSIDER what inside help
might. mean.

Workmen were still clearing away
brush from the grounds of the new and
ill-fated Hopewell mansion when this
crime occurred. More than fifty persons
had been employed about the house and
were familiar with it—painters, plumbers,
plasterers, carpet and furniture workmen,
and day laborers. Any one of them would
have had a better idea of the layout of
the house than a total stranger. Those
living in the Sourland region would know
with the arrival of the tenants just about
how they were utilizing the house. What
about laundry people, cleaners and other
temporary workers, all instantly forgotten
in the excitement of the kidnaping?

A. thousand theories might be devel-
oped, but let us take one—with the as-
surance that SOMEONE helped Haupt-
mann in the vicinity of that bleak man-
sion on March 1, 1932.

Suppose that a German carpenter who
had worked on the house happened to
meet Hauptmann, another carpenter. Na-
tionals of any country, far from home,
have a natural bond of sympathy. This
must be especially true when persons are
from a country which has had the mis-
fortunes and vicissitudes of Germany.

Suppose the carpenter at the Lindbergh -

home had been offended or affronted?

Hauptmann, it is known, was obsessed
with the bravery and daring of Baron
Manfred Richthofen, the great German
war ace, after whom he named his son.
Hauptmann is a glib talker, a great .ex-
plainer, an insistent arguer. What he
could do with a disgruntled German car-
penter in making him a fanatic aid in an
enterprise of revenge will be readily un-
derstood. The appeal might be patriotic;
it might be an outright deal to hurt
Colonel Lindbergh or to get money; it
might be anything.

That outlines but one of myriad possi-
bilities. Some day, as in most cases, the
answer may come hurtling forth from
some unexpected source.

If it does come, it will be from some-
one who has lived near the Hopewell
residence of the Lindberghs, and who
probably worked for them at some time.
It will come from the person who, on
the night of the kidnaping, with the baby
dead, took time to dig a small grave in
a deepthicket within five miles of Hope-
well with the knowledge that although an
alarm would be given momentarily, the dis-
tance to home and concealment was not far.
And we can visualize in the meantime,
Bruno Richard Hauptmann racing along
in his Dodge car, headed for the Bronx.

When the secret is fully revealed, the
world will know that Hauptmann may
have indeed been the “poisonous microbe,
monster, snake and wretch” that he has
been repeatedly called—without having
been, in addition, the tight-rope walker,
acrobat, strong man, mind reader and
ambidexterous wizard he must have been
to have managed the most infamous kid-
naping in all history, alone.

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59

HAUMPTMANN, Brumo Richard

, ee

Triumph before
tragedy: A nationo
hero after his 1927
solo flight from Nev
York to Paris,
Charles A. Lindberg
made a tempting
target for extortion

CRIMEBEAT

CRIME BEAT,
April, 1993

78

that on the night’ in question, a man
giving the name of Edward Hoffman, and
the address 43 Clover Street, Yonkers,
had been treated for a possible fracture
of the leg at Fordham Hospital, not far
distant from Hauptmann’s residence.

A check-up disclosed that there was
no such address as the one given by Hoff-
man. The physician who treated the
man could not be certain that Haupt-
mann was Hoffman, but said that the
prisoner’s face looked familiar. Now,
evidence of this kind wouldn’t stand up
in court, because it wouldn’t prove any-
thing one way or the other, But it was
just this sort of evidence that deepened
the police belief that they were on the
right trail. They had uncovered nothing
to indicate otherwise.

Then sleuths came across Dr. Otto Meyer,
of 200 West Fifty-fourth Street, who dis-
tinctly recalled having treated Bruno
Hauptmann for a leg injury several
months after the crime. Dr. Meyer sal
that Hauptmann’s right leg was badly
swollen, and that the swelling might have
been the result of a sprain or a fracture.

HILE a mountain of evidence was

covering the_ prisoner, his devoted
wife, Anna, came forth with an alibi. She
said that on the night of the kidnapping—
a Tuesday—her husband had called for her
about eighty-thirty o’clock at the com-
bination bakery and restaurant where she
was then, employed. Mrs, Hauptmann
was certain of this fact, she said, because
she always worked late Tuesdays and
Fridays, and that her husband never
failed to call for her in the family car.
Had Hauptmann been in the Bronx at
eight-thirty, it would have been impos-
sible for him to have been at the Lind-
bergh estate at nine-fifteen, the time of
the kidnapping as fixed by Colonel Lind-
bergh and the authorities.

And now the New Jersey State Police
came forward with another ace in the
hole in the form of an eighty-seven-year-
old man named Amandus Hochmuth. Old
Mr. Hochmuth had formerly served in
the Prussian Army and had resided near
the Lindbergh property for eight years
before the Lindberghs bought the place.
Mr, Hochmuth’s home was near the lane
that ran from the main highway into the
flier’s estate.

road that intersected with the lane lead-
ing to the Lindbergh property. A dirty
green car came along at a good clip—

erhaps forty miles an hour—and Mr.

ochmuth’s attention was attracted to
it because the road at that point was
dangerous and seven cars had been
ditched during the preceding fortnight.
Hochmuth saw the. car draw up to a stop
at the Lindbergh Lane, narrowly averting
going into the ditch. As it did, the old
man got a good look at the sole occu-
pant of the machine. Ile also noticed that
there was a ladder in the car,

“The man in the car,” said Hochmuth;
“was this prisoner, Bruno Richard Haupt-
mann. I'd never forget that face. He
seemed to be very angry because I saw
him and he glared at me like a ghost. I
really became frightened. Then he drove
away.”

Yet at best, the case against Haupt-
mann, so far as murder went, was purely
circumstantial. There were persistent
rumors that the State of New Jersey had
a bombshell up its sleeve—a bombshell in
the form of finger-prints found in the
nursery and on the kidnap ladder, But
there was nothing to the rumors. A high
official told me at the time: “Colonel

True Detective Mysteries

Schwarzkopf and the rest of the investiga-
tors over in New Jersey would give their
right hands for a clear set of finger-prints
on the ladder or in the nursery. But
none were found.”

The first object examined by State
Police finger-print experts upon their ar-
rival at the Lindbergh home had been
the ransom note. Contrary to previous
reports, the note had been in a sealed
envelope and Colonel Lindbergh had not
opened it until the arrival of the police.

A State trooper opened the envelope
with a fingernail file, and read the message
aloud while Colonel Lindbergh, Mrs.
Lindbergh, Betty Gow, the baby’s nurse,
and Mrs. Ollie Whateley, the cook, stood
by and listened. Then the trooper pro-
ceeded to powder the envelope and the
letter with a camel’s hair brush. He
worked on the note for almost half an
hour, but not a single print developed.
It seemed obvious that the kidnapper
had worn gloves. ‘The ladder, too, was
brought into the Lindbergh home and
severely scrutinized, every inch of it, for
finger-prints. Only a few smudges de-
veloped; there was nothing clear, nothing
of value. The window-ledge, the crib,
virtually everything in the room .was
powdered for prints, but no clear ones
were found,

This was a blow to the police. If only
they had found one print of Hauptmann’s
in the nursery or on the ladder, he would
be as good as in the electric chair. In
the absence of an eye-witness account,
there was nothing but a finger-print that
would, beyond all doubt, place Haupt-
pen in the nursery the night of March
st.

There was another angle that was’

bothersome to those of the authorities
who hoped that they might be able to
pin the entire job on Hauptmann—an
that was the kidnap ladder.

Now, the morning after the kidnapping,
the State Police and Lieutenant John J
Sweeny of the Newark Police Depart-
ment, did considerable experimenting with
the ladder. It was, as you recall, in
three sections, each section a little more
than six feet in length. When all three
sections were put together and placed
against the side of the Lindbergh house,
it was observed that the kidnapper would
have experienced great difficulty in get-
ting in and out of the nursery—especially
out, with the child in his arms—because
the ladder reached above the window
and he would have been obliged to swing
himself through midair to reach the
window sill. Then two sections were tried
against the house, and it was decided
that only two sections had been used,
inasmuch as there were smudges and
splinters on the facade of the house at
the point where the top of the second
section naturally rested.

Bu this presented another problem.
The top rung of the second section
was exactly thirty inches below the win-
dow-sill. When Lieutenant Sweeny and
several State troopers climbed the ladder,
they had little difficulty in drawing them-
selves up through the window, but in
coming out again, they were forced to use
both hands to grip the window-sill while
finding their footing on the top rung of
the ladder, thirty inches below. If it was
necessary to use both hands to do this,
how had the kidnapper managed to hold
the child?

During the experiments, several sleuths
tried coming down the ladder with a pack-

‘age weighing thirty pounds—the weight

of the Lindy child—and most of them
were obliged to lay the package on_ the
window-sill until they found their foot-
ing, then pick it up. Two or three sleuths

managed to get their footing on the lad-
der without letting go of the package,
but they looked like contortionists when
they did so. Had the actual kidnapper
laid the baby on the window-sill until he
found his footing on the ladder, then re-
trieved the child—and all of this in the
dark? Or had he enacted a veritable con-
tortionist’s role in that inky night, and
when the ladder gave way under his
weight and that of the baby, fallen to
the ground?

Other investigators asked this question:
If the man who went into the nursery
worked alone, what did he do with the
baby while he was dismantling the lad-
der and carrying it to a spot a hundred
feet from the house, there to get it out
of the way and delay the alarm? Did he
leave the child lying on the ground right
outside of the house, where its slightest
whimper would have been heard by_ its
mother, while he dismantled the ladder
and removed it to its hiding place? Or
did he take the fatally injured or dead
baby to his car, parked in the near-
by lane, then risk his very life in going
back for the ladder? Obviously, he
couldn’t have done both things at once.
It. simply did not seem conceivable that
this most heinous of all crimes was the
work of one person. In fact, the authori-
ties—Federal, State and local—from the
very beginning had predicated their en-
tire investigation on the premise that
the Lindbergh kidnapping was the work
of two or more persons. Never once,
prior to Hauptmann’s arrest, had even
one official connected with the case so
much as hinted that the crime was the
work of one person.

T was, then, with a great deal of sur-

prise, that the public learned that the
State of New Jersey planned to extra-
dite Hauptmann and charge him with
being the sole perpetrator of the crime:
this on the heels of the prisoner’s indict-
ment in the Bronx on a charge of extor-
tion. At the time, an important person-
age in the office of the Bronx: District
Attorney told me: “We've got him on
extortion, but I think New Jersey’s mak-
ing a mistake trying him for murder
at this time.”
~ Whether New Jersey was making a mis-
take or not, Bruno Richard Hauptmann
riding in a heavily armed cavalcade, was
swept through the Holland Tunnel from
Manhattan to New Jersey on the night
of October 19th—a month and a day
after his arrest. He was taken to the
little town of Flemington, seat of Hun-
terdon County, and there placed in jail
awaiting trial.

From that moment on. the eyes of the
world were focused on Flemington, typi-
cal of the quiet, peaceful, sleepy towns
that dot New Jersey.

The bells that tolled in the New Year
—the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred
and thirty-five—spelled happiness, escape,
the hope of a new start to cheering mil-
lions throughout the universe. The town
of Flemington, New Jersey, was quict
that midnight. ‘There were parties in

‘private homes, yes. and the more affluent

residents of this easy-going, unperturbed
community had gone, to near-by country
clubs and to hotels in Trenton, Newark
and New York gaily to bid adieu to the
dying year.

But a pall hung over the town of
Flemington, a pall that could not be
shaken off with music or wine or gaiety.
On the third day of this new year a man
was to stand before The Blind Goddess,
there to hear himself accused of plan-
ning and perpetrating the greatest crime
in all history—the murder of the Lind-
bergh child.

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80

birthday of 1935. Both sides have summed
up for and against Bruno Richard Haupt-
mann. Justice Trenchard delivered his
charge to the jury, consuming less than
two hours in doing so—a remarkable
fact in view of the trial having lasted for
six weeks. The jurors filed out to_come
to their decision as to whether Haupt-
mann should be freed, spend the rest of
his natural days in prison, or die in the
electric chair.

Colonel Lindbergh remained in the
court-room for more than an hour, anxious
to hear the verdict. Then, when there
were no signs of the jury’s early return,
Colonel Lindbergh left the court-room
and drove away from Flemington.

The hours dragged on. Early in the
afternoon the jurors sent out for a mag-
nifying glass, apparently better to ex-
amine specimens of Hauptmann’s hand-
writing in relationship to the penmanship
on the ransom letters. Justice Trenchard
remained in his chambers, occasionally
coming out for a stroll through the court-
room, puffing a big black cigar.

f Bate newspaper reporters had split up,
some of them remaining in and around
the court-heuse, others slacking _ their
thirsts in the bar of the Union Hotel,
across the street. There was no need for
them to fear being scooped, inasmuch as
an ancient Hunterdon County custom re-
quires the tolling of a bell in the court-
house whenever a jury is about to return
from its deliberations. This mournful toll-
ing can be heard throughout the County.
It was a few minutes after ten-thirty
that night when this occurred—and it
electrified the thousands who were waiting.

The jury—the jury that was to decide
the fate of the man accused of the most
heinous crime of modern or ancient times
—was coming in! From homes, from
shops, from inns, and from bars, there was
a concerted rush of half-maddened people,
for the ancient court-house.

In almost less time than it takes to
tell about it, the court-house was swarm-
ing to overflowing with excited humanity.
The doors were locked. Thousands milled
outside. In New York, in Chicago, in
Detroit, in Los Angeles, and in other
cities, towns and hamlets, throughout the
land, people sat close to their radios,
gathered on street corners, or haunted
newspaper offices for word of the jury’s
finding. In Germany, where Hauptmann
was born, and in England and France,
in South America and in other nations
of the world, people breathless with ex-
pectancy listened in for short wave broad-
casts. And in Flemington, in that hot,
tense, sticky court-room, Justice Tren-

True Detective Mysteries

chard, who had just puffed the last puff
from a cigar, entered the scene and took
his place upon the bench.

All the world knows that the jury’s
verdict was that Hauptmann was guilly
of murder in the first degree and that
there was no recommendation of mercy.
Which meant only one. thing—that he
must die in) the electric chair in the
State’s prison at Trenton.

It was an awful scene, a scene that
will forever be emblazoned on the mem-
ories of those present, when the jury was
polled. The faces of the four women on
the panel were stained by tears, and the
men stood on faltering legs and spoke in
faltering voices. Obviously, they had
gone through a terrific ordeal.

Aside from Justice Trenchard, perhaps
the calmest man in the room was the
defendant himself. He did not so much as
blink his eye when he heard the verdict or
when, a few minutes later, he heard him-
self sentenced to death in the electric
chair. As he walked from the room be-
tween his guards, he didn’t even stop to
look at his wife, who was sitting just a few
feet away. But an hour later, in his cell,
Hauptmann’s amazing fortitude deserted
him. He broke down and wept.

I spoke recently on the Hauptmann
ease before the Bronxville, New York,
post of the American Legion—as repre-
sentative a body of intelligent citizens
as you will find anywhere in the land.
From tlie questions that those men asked
me, for one hour and fifteen minutes by
the clock, I gathered one salient fact:
That it is the public’s impression that
while Hauptmann was deeply involved
in the Lindbergh kidnapping, he did not
act alone. There was an accomplice,
somewhere, and the whole truth has not
yet come out.

O much for the opinion of the public.

Now let me ask you this: Why the
impossibility—why even the improbability
—of Hauptmann’s having committed the
crime alone? Everything about him indi-
cates that he has always been a_cold,
calculating lone wolf, a bad man at heart.
Now why couldn’t a man of that make-
up engineer a crime of the Lindbergh
type all alone? Is it not only entirely
possible, but as a matter of fact a logical
assumption, that he planned beforehand
deliberately to murder the Lindbergh
child?

Js Hauptmann the type that would
take anyone into his confidence? The
man is a law unto himself. He stands on
his own feet. He walks alone. Why all
this talk about the Lindbergh baby having
been accidentally killed? After all, wasn’t
it safer for the kidnapper to kill and

.

bury the baby instead of taking a chance
of being caught with the child? At any
rate, this is the theory of the sovereign
State of New Jersey, a theory heartily
embraced by cight men and four women
who listened to its being pointed out for
six weeks.

If Hauptmann did not murder the child
in cold) deliberation and dispose of its
body near the scene of the crime, what
would he have done with the baby, alive?
Has anybody ever convincingly answered
that question?

Anyone acquainted with Mrs. Haupt-
mann’s character knows that under no
circumstances would she have been a
party to any crime. And she would have
had to be a party to this crime if she
allowed her husband to bring the child
into her home and aided him in keeping
it there while he endeavored to collect
ransom, Therefore, it was an impossi-
bility for Hauptmann, and a thing that
was unthinkable, that he should take
the child to his own home.

Wee other alternative did Haupt-
mann have? Only one alternative—to
hire a room somewhere, take the child
there—if he.could have got it there and
held it without being caught, which in
itself would have been a superhuman
feat, what with literally every police
officer in the Eastern part of the United
States looking for him, not to mention
tens of thousands of private citizens. And
remember, this was a sick child, apt to
be crying much of the time, and requiring
constant care.

What way out did Hauptmann have,
facing this situation? Just one way owt
—to kill the child and get rid of its
body as quickly as possible, with as little
travel from the scene of the crime as
possible, secreting it in the first place
available where he calculated it would
be safe from detection. And that is ex-
actly what the State contended he did.

It might be said—“How could Haupt-
mann hope to collect ransom with the
baby dead? Supposing evidence of it
being alive was demanded, or no pay-
ment made?” As has been said, Haupt-
mann is a born egotist. Under the cir-
cumstances it is but logical to assume
that he decided to take the chance. As
a matter of fact, he did take the chance.
He did collect the. blood money after
the baby was dead, the same as others
have done in other kidnapping cases.

Not long ago, I saw Hauptmann, his
head shaven, in the death house of the
State’s Prison in Trenton. Some time
during the next twelve months I expect
to see him again—in the electric chair.

jn the corner where the sleeping lovers lay.
his hand... .”

stands, April 12th.

the only American woman 0!

to Teexas. Then the “G” men applied the heat.
is one incomparable in modern crime annals. A

THE STRANGE CASE OF THE PRAYER OF DEATH

Fate toyed with trigger finger when a penitent sinner arose to his feet at the revival meeting. Hosannas swelled in crescendo. Then suddenly a shaft
of wicked red flame seared through the screen—and the Rev. Miller’s Bible dripped blood.

Here is a unique case of vengeful murder; one t!

Suddenly from the shadows a sinister

What horror was in store for the honeymoon coup Y ,
There’s many a surprise in store for you when you read this baffling mystery.

THREE FIENDS—A CIGAR BAND—AND A GIRL

ne, trapped by carelessly thrown cigar bands. Thrill as you follow the fast-moving
finely written story packed with drama, An object lesson that crime dces not pay.

11 appear in the May issue of The Master Detective, a Macfadden publication, on sale at all news

Three vicious thugs, terrorizing a community with murder and rapi
arm of the law as it reaches out to strike down depraved parasites. A

These and other exciting fact detective cases wil

SECRETS ABOUT THE DEADLIEST WOMAN IN AMERICA

across every line. The blood-curdling saga of a red-haired woman killer who worked a machine-gun as
f modern times to become a big shot in crime.

“Ma” Barker spawned four gunmen. Crafty as a fox, she spread the evil web of the gang’s power from the Pacific Coast to Chicago, from Florida
Ruthlessly the gang was hounded. The smash climax against a background of roaring machine guns

hat abounds with keen detective work. A story which grips the imagination from start to finish.

THE TWIN SLAYINGS IN HONEYMOON COTTAGE

““The full moon which hung over the tops of the towering firs dropped out of sight . . - only the feeble glow of a turned-down lantern shed any light
figure peered into the window ...a keen-edged blade gleamed in

le that fateful night? Who was the blood-lusting degenerate with the peculiarly patched shoe?

|

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This man—Bruno Richard Hauptmann
—lay down on his cot in the County Jail
at eleven o’clock and soon was‘ asleep.
And so it came to be that while the bells
and the flares and the singing and the
laughter of the world passed over Ilem-
ington at midnight, the most despised
criminal in the land was fast asleep. Some
fifty miles away, as the crow flies, in the
Bronx borough of Greater New York,
a woman, her face wet with tears, sat
alone, her heart laden with thoughts of
a lover in prison, her red eyes keeping
vigil over a chubby little fellow asleep
in the next room. Thus did Mrs. Bruno
Richard Hauptmann and her tiny -son,
Manfred, bring in the new year that was
to be freighted with terror.

It had been said that Hunterdon
County, of which Flemington is the seat,
went about the business of preparing for
the trial in a most casual manner. Don’t
believe a word of it. As early as noon
on the first day of the year, newspaper
reporters from all sections of the country,
many of whom were still suffering from
hangovers, alighted in Hunterdon County
from auto, train, bus and plane. The
Union Hotel, a few paces from the ram-
shackle court-house where Hauptmann was
to be tried, was packed with the ladies
and gentlemen of the press, as were hos-
telries in near-by communities, boarding
houses and, in fact, almost every sleeping
arrangement save billiard tables. These
scribes were on hand to write “color”
stories of Flemington, to grease the ways
for the launching of the trial itself.

HEE town disrupted its normal routine

because its people sensed that some-
thing of great moment was in the air—the
trial of the century. Would any women be
chosen on the jury? And if so, how
would that affect Hauptmann’s chances?
What would be the jury’s reaction to Ed-
ward J. Reilly of Brooklyn, chicf of
the accused man’s defense counsel? Reilly
had long been famed for being suave,
smart and quick. There were hosts of
lawyers more intimately acquainted with
Blackstone than he, but few who sur-
passed him as a spellbinder, few who had
the ability to tear so savagely into the
story of a prosecution witness. But the
good folks of Hunterdon County refused
to be spellbound. They are good, CGod-
fearing people, and they viewed with sus-
picion a stranger in their midst. On top
of that, Reilly had a reputation for com-
ing off on top in most of the major cases
he had handled. And so when, on the
third day of January, he breezed into
Flemington, carrying a cane, wearing
spats, a great coat with an expensive
fur collar and a rakishly set derby, he
had, as the suying goes, two strikes on him
before he went to bat. The people of
Hunterdon County looked upon the big
city lawyer as a “wise guy’—and_ the
jury was to be chosen from among them.
Then, too, there was the all-important
matter of Reilly being the second of
Hauptmann’s attorneys. The first had
been James M. Fawcett, also of Brook-
lyn, and the brother of a State Supreme
Court Justice. Mr. Fawcett, conservative
where Reilly was sensational, vanished
irom the Hauptmann picture shortly
after he had first appeared in it. It is
not generally known whether Mr. Fawcett
voluntarily eased out of the case for
reasons of his own, or whether Haupt-
mann decided he wanted a different Iaw-
yer. I asked Mr. Fawcett for the real
reason, and he refused ta comment.

The opening of the Hauptmann trial
in the litthe doctored-up court-house was
an event without parallel in the annals
of American jurisprudence.

It goes without saying that the court-

True Detective Mysteries

room was jammed. Thousands milled out-
side, vainly trying to get in.

The Attorney-General of the State of
New Jersey—David T. Willentz—was the
top man in the formidable legal array
aligned against Hauptmann. The de-
fendant, as cool as the proverbial cucum-
ber, sat in the prisoner’s dock, a deputy
sheriff on his right, a blue-clad State
Trooper on his left. Not twenty feet
away sat Colonel and Mrs. Lindbergh,
the extreme sufferers of the crime of the
century. Colonel Lindbergh, ten years
younger than Hauptmann, occasionally
glanced at the defendant. Hauptmann,
on the other hand, kept his gaze away
from the Lindberghs. In the court-room,
seated in that tense atmosphere, were
Colonel Schwarzkopf, representatives of
the Department of Justice, the New York
Police Department, and the New Jersey
State Police. The newspaper corres-

Jafsie—Dr. John F. Condon—and

his daughter, Mrs. Ralph Hacker,

resting at Balboa, in the Canal Zone,
after the arduous trial

pondents, who occupied seats close to the

_ Judge’s bench, came from all parts of

the world—England, Germany, Brazil,
and even from so far as Australia. <A
pass to get into the court-room was held
abo a premium, Thousands upon. thou-
sands of requests had been made and
wires had been pulled by those seeking
admittance. Yet the court-room held but
a few hundred people.

HE selection of the jury was accom-

plished in rapid order. Hight men and
four women—three of them mothers—
were impanelled.

There were one million and a half
words taken down by the court stenog-
rapher during the trial. You have
probably read many of those words in
your newspapers. It is not the purpose
of the editors of this magazine to go into
that testimony to any extent. It is too
well known. The world knows what the
State’s case was: Hauptmann was iden-
tified as having been seen about the
Lindbergh estate with a ladder shortly
before the crime; he was identified by
Jafsie as the man to whom the edu-
cator paid over the ransom money;
he was identified by Perrone, the Bronx
taxi-cab driver, as the ransom negotiator
who gave him a letter to deliver to the
home of Jafsie; he was singled out as
the passer of ransom money; he was seb
as a man apart by the New York Police
Department, who found the ransom bills
hidden in and around the premises of his
home. Further, he was pictured as the

cold-blooded ex-convict that he was. In
fine, the State of New Jersey presented
one of the best, most convincing and un-

79

answerable cases of circumstantial evi-
dence ever introduced in any court-room.
The State of New Jersey did everything,
in fact, except to present to the jury a
photograph of Hauptmann climbing down
the ladder with the Lindbergh baby.

When the State was through presenting
its case, things looked pretty bad for
Hauptmann. Then everyone wondered
just what the famous Mr. Reilly would
present on behalf of the defense. Im-
partial observers are of the opinion that
Mr. Reilly was not‘at his best during the
Hauptmann trial. First of all, he failed
to shake, to any measurable degree, the
story of any State witness.

HEN he brought to the witness

stand, in an effort to establish the
alibi that Hauptmann was in the Bronx
the night of the kidnapping, more than
one person who admitted under cross
examination by the Attorney-General that
he was either an ex-convict or a former
inmate of a lunatic asylum. Mr. Reilly
also produced a witness who said that,
on the night of the kidnapping, he saw
on a ferry boat Violet Sharpe, the Mor-
tow household maid who committed sui-
cide during the investigation, and Isidor
Fisch, Hauptmann’s deceased friend, with
a baby resembling in every characteristic
that of the Lindbergh child. The ferry-
boat in question, according to the witness,
was in New York waters. Was it reason-
able to suppose that two people who had
abducted the most famous baby in the
world would be seen with it on a crowded
ferry-boat when the police departments
of the entire nation were on the lookout
for the tot?

Hauptmann himsclf proved a very poor’
witness, in the opinion of those who at-
tended the trial. Colonel and Mrs, Lind-
bergh and Mrs. Dwight W. Morrow, the
baby’s maternal grandmother, were in the
court-room when Hauptmann alibied him-
self. Under cross examination, during
which he admitted he was a liar and an
ex-convict, he grew surly. His conduct
was that of a guilty man—and a very
stubborn one—under great stress.

A word or two might be said here about
Supreme Court Justice Thomas W.
Trenchard, who presided at the trial. One
reporter said that he had never seen a
great man who so well fitted the simile
“as plain as an old shoe.” That reporter
hit the nail on the head. Justice Tren-
chard, in his early seventies, had long
been associated with the Supreme Court
Bench in New Jersey. He is a kindly
man, and was unperturbed by all the fuss
and fury of the Hauptmann _ trial.
Naturally, he was ‘the dominant figure in
the court-room, but you never would have
thought it, had you seen him and heard
him. When the opposing lawyers got
into an argument, it was Justice Tren-
chard’s wont to remove his horn-rimmed
glasses, peer down kindly and say: “Now,
gentlemen, let’s not kick up a fight. We
must proceed in orderly fashion.”

RULY a great jurist, Justice Trenchard
’ Lis the plainest of men. During the noon
recesses of the more than a month of the
trial, while the attorneys for both sides
drove for lunch to the elaborate road-
houses in and around Hunterdon County,
where was the most important personage
of the entire proceedings—Justice Tren-
chard?

He was in his chambers, sitting alone,
eating a lunch prepared by his wife and
placed in a little tin container such as
school-boys carry off with them in the
mornings. Justice and Mrs. Trenchard
have been married for more than forty
years.

And s0 we come now to Lincoln’s


ra HAP MAA , He

Lf WT SY Ef D te

o\(SSGive

"America's Most Interesting Fact-Detective
Magazine”

Edited by West F. Peterson Abril Lamarque, Art Director

Contents — March, 1936

LADIES WHO KILLI.........----6- Pine Scctabinesbakaeny 2
No. 2—The Witch of Delray

GUILTY AS HELLI......-..-eee eee eee peekan tee eaae's os . 4

A “sob sister” pens a damning indictment of Hauptmann,
telling why he deserved no mercy

Mn tans STM OO: by Dorothy Kilgallen

CHINATOWN WHITE SLAVE......---- A(t are ree,

The tragic, gripping story of beautiful Lotus Pear! and the
dread Sign of the Rose

I Re by E. M. Fleming

SPOTLIGHT ....... ccc cece c eee e eee eeerereereneenecees 11

Unusual photos in the month's police news

MIGHTY MIDGET.......--0-e eer eeeeeee Pere TEC e LS |

The life and loves of Henry J. Fernekes, the little giant of
the Chicago underworld

ES TE oak by Ex-Convict No. 88460

HONOLULU'S LOVE SLAYING.......ecseeeeeeeeeeeees 16

Secret passion and the lust to murder spell blood-red tragedy
in a-tropical paradise

. F Behe elt ck hha by Edward S. Sullivan

DYNAMITE]... 0.0 e eee e eee r owen eceeeees rey ye eens 1

A thrilling feature about Milwaukee's “King of Bombers”
and his reign of terror

RE AE PE by L. A. Keating

$3,000,000 COUNTERFEIT RING.......- Lod hd RCS seule’ s 6 UO

How the Secret Service smashed Count Lustig and America’s
greatest criminal genius

«6 ocd w iam anes RARE. Sane ieee 6 by Peter Levins.
THE HALLOWE’EN MURDER MYSTERY....---.2eeeeee% - 28

What was the terrifying secret behind the corpse in the
woods and the tearless woman?

tov oe Fey by Police Chief Andrew McDonnell
IOWA'S MOST HORRIBLE DEATH PLOT.......--+++++ ee |

A blood-curdling story of murder and ace detective work in
a peaceful rural community

who sage by Paul Cotton and Dan Foley
CANADA TRAPS THE FIEND WHO MURDERED 22 WOMEN = 36

A special article for Canadian readers—the amazing
career of the “Dark Strangler”

RA tele ,... by W. Adolphe Roberts

COVER DESIGN BY HARWOOD FORSGREN

INSIDE DETECTIVE published monthly and copyrighted, 1936, b Exposed Publishing Co.
Office of publication at Washington and South Avenues, Dunellen, N. J. Executive and
editorial offices, 149 Madison Avenue, New York, N. Y. Rncago advertising office,
360 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Ill, Vol. g, No. 3, March, 1936, Printed in
U.S. A. Single copy price 10 cents. Subscription-price in the United States, one dollar a
ear. Canadian subscriptions, $1.50 a year. Foreign subscriptions, $1.80 3 youre
Exared ‘as second class matter January 15, 1935, at the Post Office at Dunellen, N. J.,
under the Act of March 3, 1879. The publisher accepts no responsibility for the return
of unsolicited material. All manuscripts should be c ied by ped, self-ad-
dressed envelope.

A

“HAUPTMANN SHOWED NO

Sinus. Bite atiaae. Ba ae 2 i) Tee oe :
hia. aN? elias ohh ea aI ti

I AM writing this on the eve of Bruno Richard Hauptmann’s
doom, and by the time my story appears in print he may have
died-in the chair for the kidnaping of Baby Charles Lindbergh.

No criminal ever deserved more to die.

‘He was justly convicted and justly condemned.

I have talked to Hauptmann. I interviewed him several
times during the course of his trial for the crime of the
century.. I sat behind him in the courtroom at Flemington
every day for six weeks, watching him closely, listening to
every word of testimony from the witness stand. And I am
convinced the silent German carpenter is a killer without
conscience,-a man with cold blood and steel nerves and
limitless daring.

He kidnaped the Lindbergh baby and he killed it and -he
took $50,000 ransom money for a child that was dead. I am
as sure of this as if 1 had with my own eyes seen Hauptmann
on the ladder with the baby in his arms.

Logic, not sentiment, convinced me. Logic, and Hauptmann
himself.

How can anyone think him innocent? How can any per-
son from Annie Hauptmann, his wife, to the man on the street,
plead his cause? You have only to look at the evidence, then
at the lean hollow-eyed artisan accused of the crime. His
guilt clings to him like a garment; the blood of the child he
killed is scarlet on his hands.

Women reporters—“sob sisters,” as we are called—have a
reputation for sentiment in writing about murder defendants.
But I never “sobbed” in print for Hauptmann, nor did I once
feel a spark of sympathy for him. If he was. trapped, he
deserved to be.

No woman who loves children could be on the side of a
kidnaper. If there are any teats to be shed over the record
of the: Lindbergh crime, they belong to valiant Anne Lind-
bergh, holding in her hands the empty sleeping garment of her
dead child, and to the little yellow-haired boy who lay covered
with winter leaves in‘a shallow grave in the Sourlands. These
were the victims.

Certainly I am sorry for Annie Hauptmann, whose strange,
haggard face is haunted with the knowledge that the man she
loves is a murderer; and I am sorry for Baby Mannfried, who
must bear forever the stigma of the kidnaper’s child. But I
can never forget that Annie Hauptmann has her baby to
laugh with her and play and bring her comfort. Anne Lind-
bergh’s child is dead.

Oddly enough, it was for these two helpless creatures—
his wife Anna and his baby Mannfried—that Hauptmann
showed the most concern throughout his trial and even after
his conviction. He spoke of them often to me, usually with
such great feeling that momentarily he seemed almost as other
men, almost human.

“T am not worried for myself, only for my wife and child,”
he said repeatedly. “I am afraid of what will become of them,”

During the trial I asked Hauptmann pointblank, “Bruno,
did you kidnap the Lindbergh baby ?”

He answered, “I swear by my wife and baby that I never
saw the Lindbergh child. I knew nothing about the kidnaping
until I read it in the papers, the same as everyone else. I
am absolutely innocent.”

“Didn’t you write the ransom notes?” I asked him.

“No, I did not!’ he exclaimed. “The first time I ever saw
them was after I was arrested. That is not my handwriting.

3 auith

oT
nat
bai

gra
Crue

“The man who kid-
naped the Lindbergh
baby was hard as
granite, cold as ice,
cruel as death. ...

If the experts say I wrote those letters, they are trying to
frame me.” ‘

“You are a carpenter—didn’t you build the kidnap ladder ?”
I then asked. ,

Hauptmann sneered. He seemed to resent this more than
the other questions. “If I built that ladder I am a lousy
carpenter,” he said bitterly. “No, I am better carpenter than
-that. It is another frameup.”

“But what about ‘rail 16? They claim that piece of wood
is from your attic.”

“That makes me laugh,” Hauptmann declared. “Why should
I take boards from my attic when I have plenty of wood lying
in my garage?”

“Did you collect the $50,000 ransom money that Doctor

BY DOROTHY KILGALLEN

Noted New York
Newspaperwoman

“I am appalled by
the clamor of those
who have cried ‘Jus-
tice!’ and ‘Mercy’
for Hauptmann. .. .”

Condon threw over the wall?” Hauptmann bitterly replied:

“No! The old doctor is crazy. He never saw me in his
life. He gave me no money.”

“Where, then, did you get the ransom notes?”

Hauptmann looked at me narrowly with eyes that were like
Krupp steel.

“From my. friend Fisch,” was all he would say.

There you have the skeleton of the Hauptmann defense,
and a skeleton it was, rattling with lies and evasions and dis-
crepancies.

I could not believe in Hauptmann’s innocence if he screamed
it to me a hundred times. There is too much irrefutable, per-
fectly fitting evidence against him—facts no one can overlook
or explain away. (Continued on page 49)

MERCY, AND HE DESERVED NONE,” SAYS THIS WRITER


A

I think he is. I do think he was not
alone in the crime; there must have been
others in on it. But Hauptmann, the ex-
convict who was clever enough to escape
from a German prison, was the “master
mind.” He planned it, he wrote the notes,
he built the ladder, he collected the ran-
som, And he divided the blood money
among those who helped him in his ghast-
ly deed.

The thirty-seven-year-old carpenter and
ex-burglar insisted he was at home in the
Bronx, sixty-five miles from the Lind-
bergh estate, on the night of March 1,
1932, when the Lindbergh baby was_kid-
naped. He said he had dinner in Fred-
ericksen’s Bakery, where his wife worked
as a waitress, then accompanied her to
their home in East 222nd Street. He had
witnesses—so many witnesses it appeared
incredible they could all fit in the bakery
at one time—to recall seeing him there on
that night.

But it seemed to me unlikely that so
many witnesses could remember so per-
fectly a night two and a half years past
when in their lives the night was un-
remarkable.

Every other factor in the case supported
the State’s contention that Hauptmann was
in Hopewell on that stormy night, and
that he was the man who climbed the lad-
der, snatched the sleeping child from his
crib and murdered him.

On one occasion I asked Hauptmann,

“Weren’t you ever in Hopewell?”

“No!” he exclaimed. “Never in my
life. I don’t even know for sure where it
is.”

He told me he would never confess,
that he had nothing to confess.

“I will go to my death protesting that
I am innocent of this crime,” the ashen-
faced ‘machine-gunner declared. “I swear
I know nothing at all connected with the
crime.” :

At another time I recall he said:

“If I could walk out of here (his cell)
a free man if I were to confess, I still
couldn’t confess. If it meant my life, I
would be unable to tell the police anything
about the kidnaping.”

Once he expressed sympathy for Col-
onel Lindbergh and Anne.

“As the father of a baby boy I feel very
sorry for the Colonel and Mrs. Lind-
bergh,” Hauptmann said. “I sympathize
with them for their loss, but it is hard for
me to understand how anyone can believe
that a man devoted to his wife and child,
as I am, could possibly commit such a
violent crime.”

But he had no child when he kidnaped
that of another, and even if he had I doubt
if it would have worked much change in
his cold heart.

If Hauptmann could look upon the face
of that sleeping, curly-haired little boy
and not flee from the nurSery in horror
at what he was about to do, then he had
no heart.

If he could murder that soft, helpless
baby and throw its broken body in the
rain-drenched brush wood, no emotion
could touch him. The Hauptmann who
kidnaped the Lindbergh baby was hard as
granite, cold as ice, cruel as death. Noth-
ing would have stopped him. .

That is why I am appalled by the clamor
of those who have cried, “Justice!” and
“Mercy!” for Hauptmann.

Let them, if there is to be any talk
of justice, remember that it is the duty
of the law to punish the guilty as well as
to protect the innocent. :

Let them, if there is to be any cry for
mercy or any recriminations after Haupt-
mann’s execution, think of Anne Lind-
bergh standing over the empty crib from
which her first born child was stolen.

Hauptmann showed her no mercy.

He should get none.

50

The Hallowe'en
Murder Mystery

(Continued from page 31)

$3,000,000
Counterfeit Ring!

(Continued from page 27)

declared, “I put no faith in the girl’s
statement accusing Maddux. I believe
she told the truth when she said she killed
Mrs. Maddux. Whether she did it at
Mrs. Maddux’s request is something else
again.”

ON’ April 19, nearly six months after
Mrs. Maddux met death, Clara Fish

“went on trial for her life in the St. Louis

County courthouse at Clayton. After a
jury had been chosen, Charles G, Revelle,
defense attorney, asked Circuit Judge
Mueller if he could withdraw his client's
plea of “not guilty.”

“I desire to enter a plea of ‘guilty’ to
second degree murder,” Revelle explained.

“The plea will be accepted,” the court
said. Judge Mueller then turned to
Prosecuting Attorney Harry Castlen and
asked if he wanted to make any recom-
mendation.

“We have taken into consideration the
low mentality of the defendant,” said
Castlen. “She has the mentality of a girl
ten years of age. We feel it will be for
the best interests of society if Miss Fish
is given the maximum penalty for second
degree murder—life imprisonment.”

hey this was the sentence the court im-

sed.

Immediately after Clara’s unexpected
change of plea and her sentence, Joseph
Fish, her father, filed an affidavit accus-
ing Walter Maddux of murder. The be-
reaved husband was taken into custody,
booked on a charge of first degree mur-
der, and ordered held without bond.

Subsequently Clara appeared at Mad-
dux’s preliminary hearing and told a story
which was practically a duplicate of her
final confession. At the close of the hear-
ing, Justice of the Peace Leslie Lewis
ordered the murder charge dismissed, de-
claring that he did not believe the girl’s
testimony, and Maddux was freed.

In this manner ended “The Hallowe'en
Murder Mystery”—or, as we sometimes
called it, “The Case of the Tearless
Woman.” Maddux was completely exon-
erated, and the enigmatic Clara Fish—the
shapely, red-haired girl who could sob so
hysterically without shedding a single tear
—was taken away to the penitentiary at
Jefferson City.

Just what was her motive? Love?
Jealousy? The desire to have Walter
Maddux all to herself?

The reader can form his own theory—
a theory as plausible as any propounded
by us officers who worked on the case.

‘or only one person knows the truth,
and that is the puzzling Clara Fish. Its
secret will remain forever locked in her
breast ; fs

“How d’yuh think it'll turn out, Guv’nor?”

sleuths waited for the mysterious chem-
ical buyer to reappear, but he did not. It
was not for several days.that they learned
his name was Edward McMillan, that he
apparently had no regular occupation, and
no visitors. In fact, most of the tenants
had been under the impression that his
apartment was unoccupied.

Said Captain Houghton, “If this is the
fellow we have been after all these years,
then his gas or electricity bill should tell
quite a tale.”

But he was wrong. The bills indicated
that Mr. McMillan had consumed only a
normal supply of gas and electricity.

“Hm,” said Houghton. “We may be
all wrong, but suppose we crash the place
anyway. If the fellow, is an innocent
taxpayer we can say it was all a big mis-
take. We can't afford to miss any oppor-
tunities. After all, he did take a roundabout
route home from Eimer and Amend.”

Early -the morning of September 18
Captain Houghton arrived at the address
at Palisade avenue, accompanied by Ru-
bano and operatives George W. Pears,
Edward Jones, G. J. Smith and Alex-
ander Lieberman. Presently the milkman
arrived and, acting on instructions from
Houghton, he rapped on the door of Mc-
Millan’s apartment.

“Who is it?” asked a voice from within.

“Milkman! Your bill is due, sir!”

The door opened, and the Secret Ser-
vice men piled in.

They brushed aside the frightened, be-
wildered little man, and went looking for
the long-sought counterfeiting plant.

And they found it. They found scores
of plates, along with glass negatives of
bills yet to be printed. Also $62,000 in
spurious notes awaiting delivery to a dis-
tributor. Everything was there — every-
thing they had hoped to find in their
wildest dreams. The chemicals were of
the finest, the engraving machines, cam-
eras and tools were the last word, the hand
press and specially built cylinder press,
unavailable in the open market, testified
to this man’s knowledge of his art.

His name was not Edward McMillan
but William Watts, forty-two years old.
He had started out as a pharmacist of
Fullerton, Nebraska, many years before,
had launched his criminal career by
selling bootleg liquor and faking the
labels, then discovered his natural talent
for engraving. He had always worked
alone, had-never smoked, or drunk or had
women friends. No one had ever visited

is plant, and few had ever laid eyes on
him in all the years he had been operating.

The gas? Oh, he had simply reversed
the meter so that it appeared as if he had
used but twelve cents worth a day.

Captain Houghton found $1,200 in real
money concealed in the oven of the gas
stove, and $125 on the prisoner’s person.

That $1,325 was all the money he
possessed in the world. That was the fruit
of more than five years of !abor during
which he had turned out counterfc't money
totaling $3,000,000, Such is erime.

A few days later, on September 28,
Lustig was caught in Pittsburgh after he
contacted a woman the Secret Service al-
ready knew about; and both prisoners
pleaded guilty. Watts, who turned State’s

evidence, got ten years, and Lustig, be-

cause of his escape, got twenty.
“And that’s that,” remarked Chief Mo-
ran in Washington,

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ary we, ns . PRET) Peep

Guilty as Hell!

(Continued from page 5)

If there is any one who doubts Haupt-
mann’s guilt, let him answer this question:
“What kind of a man did you expect to
see when the Lindbergh kidnaper was
caught?” ;

You expected him to be of Teutonic
birth or origin. You thought he would
be a fairly young man, strong, in good
physical condition, probably with a crimi-
nal record, almost certainly a resident of
the Bronx. You figured he would have
to be a man witiout fear of anything, a
criminal who could find no crime too great
or toa horrible. .

Well, that is a description of the man
who was caught by the police and arrest-
ed as the kidnaper. With his psychologi-
cal capacity for crime, the man symbolizes
his own guilt,

Hauptmann fits perfectly the portrait of
the Lindbergh kidnaper!

Hauptmann is a German. The writer
of the ransom notes was a German, and
the “John” who talked to “Jafsie” in St.
Raymond’s cemetery spoke with a Teutonic
accent.

. Hauptmann is a carpenter. A carpen-
ter built the kidnap ladder.

Hauptmann lived in the Bronx. The
Lindbergh money “showed up” first in
the Bronx, and kept’ showing up ‘there.
Ransom negotiations took place in Bronx
cemeteries. Dr, Condon, the intermediary,
lived in the Bronx and advertised in the
Bronx Home News.

Hauptmann is an ex-convict. In Ger-
many he had robbed women, , pilfered
Stores, snatched pocketbooks. Crime—
even the greatest crime of all—came
easily to him.

Hauptmann is a man without nerves
and without fear. Not once during the
ordeal of police questioning did he break,
never during his trial for life did he
“crack” under the terrific strain. He was
not afraid even of the wired chair that
makes the toughest of them cry for mercy.
He told me once: “If I have gp die in the
electric chair, I will go like a man.” There
was not a tremor in his voice as he said
it,

Could anyone, even the most sympathetic
“sob sister,” believe in a man’s innocence
when he fits so perfectly into the picture
of the crime?

THE JURY at Flemington convicted

Hauptmann, in my opinion, on the ran-
som money and his own testimony.

he possession of the ransom money
was by far the greatest factor against the
sphinx-like machine-gunner, He never
explained it away; he couldn’t. There
was blood money hidden in his house and
his garage, and on his person, and every
bill was a badge of the kidnaper. The
money alone, almost, was sufficient proof
that he stole the baby. Who but the kid-
naper would have the ransom cash?

The New York police, seeking -the source
of the “hot money” that was showing up
at intervals along a distinct path parallel-
ing the East Side subway, were for months
only a hop, skip and jump behind Haupt-
mann. So long as the furtive-looking car-
penter continued to spend the bills, it was
only a question of time before the detec-
tives caught up with him. It was ap-
parent to the police, from the manner in
which the “hot” bills were turning up, that
the man passing them must live in New
York’s East Side, probably the Bronx,

_ Hauptmann did, and so another twisted
piece fitted into the jig-saw picture of
the kidnaper. The ransom money was the

i aay ra

\

INSIDE DETECTIVE

most specific evidence produced against
him.

Then there was the kidnap ladder, which
became a symbol of the “snatching.” That
slim, crude object leaning against the wall
in the courtroom at Flemington. was a
thing to make one shudder for every child
in the world. When I looked at it there
I felt glad in my heart that the man who
had used the ladder to take a baby from
its father’s house was behind bars where
he could steal no more children.

There is no doubt in my mind that
Hauptmann made the ladder with his own
hands. The painstaking police work that
reached all over the United States and
found the lumber mill in which the wood
was cut, as well as the place in the Bronx
to which it had been shipped, was sheer
detective magic. Hauptmann and_ his

' thousand and one denials couldn't refute

It. ,
Nor could he explain away “rail 16,”
the board that was his plank-walk to doom.
It matched the boards in his Bronx attic
like two halves of a rubber ball. And it
was planed by an instrument that could
ave been nothing else but the plane in
Hauptmann’s tool chest!

The nails in the kidnap ladder were
identical in size and shape and make with
nails found in Hauptmann’s garage!

Road maps, showing side roads in the
vicinity of the Lindbergh home, were

found in Hauptmann’s trunk. Also found

in his effects was a map showing the
region of Martha’s Vineyard in the Massa-
chusetts Bay area, to which region the
kidnaper directed Colonel Lindbergh after
the ransom was paid.

-Hauptmann’s trunk yielded a German-
English dictionary, with pages containing
difficult words turned down. Was the
Bronx carpenter improving his yocabu-
lary? Or—it is so much more logical—
was he painstakingly thumbing through
the pages of that dictionary when he com-
posed the cruel ransom letters that were
to bring him $50,000 in return for a dead
child?

Did the carpenter write the letters? If
he didn’t, there are two persons in the
world who by some miracle write identi-
cally, Too much of coincidence it is if one
of these persons is the Lindbergh kid-
naper, and the other the innocent man ar-
rested for his crime.

Handwriting experts gave detailed ex-
planations of why they were certain the
ransom notes were written by the same
hand that made out Hauptmann’s applica-
tion for motor vehicle licenses,

For example, there was the misplacing
of the letter “H.” In one of the appli-
cations Hauptmann had written the word

. light” 1-i-h-g-t. In one of the ransom

notes the word “right” appeared r-i-h-g-t.
In another ransom letter the word “the”
was written h-t-e,

One point that all the letters had in
common was the failure to dot the letter
“i.” Persons who never dot the “i” are
“very, very scarce,” Osborne testified,

So, perhaps, are kidnapers. And _ this
kidnaper, Hauptmann, penning his notes
to a frantic mother and father, was a
fiend of the cruelest sort. He was heart-
less enough to write ironically that “the
baby, is in good health,” when he knew
the infant lay dead on the wooded mound
where he had flung it on his way to
escape.

If there is in the whole world any sym-
pathy for such a criminal, it is built on
hysteria, not logic or justice, Hauptmann
is a man at whom the finger of guilt points

from every direction, and he has no de-—

fense, His only strength js his silence,
for it is his silence which gives rise to
debate and establishes doubt of his guilt
in the minds of a few.

Is he the actual kidnaper ?

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The Twin Riddle of

Hightower-Hauptmann

Both Were Found Guilty of Kidnaping and
Murder, One of a Priest, the Other a Baby.
Though They Worked Eleven Years Apart,
They Were Uncannily the Same Near-Par-
anoiacs at Their Ghastly Business

By Ernest Jerome Hopkins

Former Police Reporter and Chief Editorial Writer,
The San Francisco Examiner

Opec ee ene

Father Patrick E. Heslin, who left his
house on a mission of mercy, only
to answer a summons to his death

looks down—and screams. There is no tiny head
on the pillow. The crib is empty...

A priest's housekeeper knocks at his bedroom door
to awaken him for early mass. There is no response.
“Father!” she calls. Again no response. .She opens the
door. The room has not been occupied; the priest is
missing...

And both, it later proves, lie buried—murdered—
in shallow, lonely graves. Twin crimes. Probably the
two most revolting, inhuman crimes on record in Amer-
ica. The one in 1932, the other eleven years before—
mee the two, strangely, as alike as proverbial peas in a
pod

A NURSE enters a baby’s room, tiptoes to the crib,

For, in those eleven years of crime’s harvest all over
this land, there was no single crime like the kidnaping
and murder of Father Patrick E. Heslin in California in
1921, until the kidnaping and murder of Charles Aug-
ustus Lindbergh, Junior, in New Jersey. They were
two crimes in the same Satanic category—blasphemous,
appalling deeds, calculated to shock and amaze—coldly
insane crimes that gave people nightmares.

And the extraordinary thing is that those two kid-

nap-murders fundamentally were similar not only in im-
pulse and in horror, but their sequels now have proved
to be amazingly alike in detail after detail and as a
whole. Alike in circumstances, alike in mystery, alike
in clews and in detective work—just as the crimes them-
selves were alike in the uncanny sore spot of human
psychology which prompted them to occur. William A:
Hightower, guilty in the Father Heslin case, and Bruno
Richard Hauptmann, convicted of the Lindbergh baby
killing, play twin roles in twin detective-dramas of
doubt. The similarity embraces not only the deeds and
the men concerned, but the pile-up of circumstantial
evidence pointing to their guilt and, in a dozen instances,
the exact clews themselves. Even the haunting suspicion
of the existence of unknown accomplices is the same . . .

It so happened that | lived through the earlier case,

Through this ter-
ritory a guide led
a searching party
on a foggy night,
through the cre-
vice indicated by
an arrow. Could
such a guide with
so much assurance
be innocent of
guilty knowledge
of a murdered
man’s grave?

The church and
parish house at
Colma, from
which the good
Father went with
the pleading
stranger

12

figured in it, helped solve it. To me, as to the other
men who were reporters with me on the San Francisco
Examiner in that Summer of 1921, the Heslin-Hightower
affair in all its ghastly weirdness has stood ever since
as the very classic of crime mysteries. The horror of
the dead priest’s body amid the sand dunes of Salada
Beach—the staggering realization that it was the mur-
derer himself, or one of the murderers, who led us news-
papermen to that pathetic grave—and the personality of
Hightower, the criminal, with his amazing inventiveness,
fantastic lies, unshakable insolence and self-conceit—yes,
and the extraordinary chain of circumstantial evidence
which we pessepereen locked around him link by link
—in every way the Heslin-Hightower case was past for-
getting.

There was nothing like it for eleven years—then

came the Lindbergh baby case. And to me there has
been the strangest sense of repetition, of having known
it all before... It is more than a coincidence, as shall
be seen. But before beginning my twin narrative, let
pir say this to all detectives, professional and amateur
alike:

HE next time there is a kidnaping which seems even
* more calculated to shock and appall the world than
simply to raise ransom money—look for a culprit who
is not a gangster, who is a very petty criminal if any;
who works quietly at some humble, subdued trade, while
his morbidly egoistic mind goes gallivanting off along
eerie dream-paths of grandeur and wealth—a conceited
yet stupid man, ever picturing himself as a hero, imag-
ining his deeds on everyone’s tongue, his crushed exist-
ence vindicated, his ego fulfilled .. .
Such was Hightower, who kidnaped a priest of the
Roman-Catholic Church; such was the poker-faced
Hauptmann...

—@

Ae)


moll. ‘The set-up was absolutely perfect
—two snug as bugs in a rug.

Finally they moved into a 10-room Co:
lonial mansion at Parsippany, New Jersey,
using the name “Mr. and Mrs. Thomas
Burke.” Nannery lived the life of a coun-
try gentleman, collecting assessments from
racketeers and hijackers who dared not
oppose him. Frequently he drove up to
Acra, New York, to visit his pal, Jack
Diamond, in his mountain fortress. Jim-
my and Jack were of the elite of crook-
dom—until one was sent back to jail and
the other was bumped off. They kept
pretty close to their country homes, did
no actual hijacking or other racketeer
work themselves, and cashed in on their
well-established propensity to murder
those who opposed them.

And it was just about the time
that a voice supposed to be Helen Lor-
raine’s whispered over the telephone and
tipped off Detectives Harry Eggolt and
Prospero Petrosino, of Brooklyn, and De-
tectives Peter Hyias and Stephan De
Rosa, of the New York Bomb Squad, tell-
ing them that Nannery was living some-
where in the neighborhood of Morristown,
N. J., with his redheaded sweetheart.

Then came that fatal Sunday, April 26,
1931, when the couple decided to take a
drive in their new car.

Everything was perfect until they hit
the outskirts of Dover, N. J. Then Pearl
felt in her handbag and uttered an exclam-
ation of annoyance.

“I’ve forgotten my lipstick!”

Nannery laughed. It did not represent
to him the catastrophe it did to Pearl.

“What th’ hell!” he grunted.

“But I’ve got to have a lipstick!” she
protested. “You don’t want to be seen with

a woman who looks like a housewife, do
your” :

Nunnery laughed again,

“You win, Baby. We'll stop at the next
drug store.”

They did. And the drug store they
picked, as it happened, was one on the
corner of Blackwell and Bergen Streets,

It was beginning to drizzle rain. Patrol-
man Charles Ripley, only two years on the
Dover Police Force, shook the fine drops
of moisture from his raincoat as he ap-
Proached the corner. The clock in front
of the bank showed 4:45, just time enough
for him to get to Headquarters to check
out—if nothing happened. tees,

As this thought went through his mind,
the coupe slid past him and pulled up to
the curb in front of the drug store on the
oppisite corner. A smartly-dressed young
woman, red_ hair ag showing be-
neath her tight-fitting little hat, stepped
out and disappeared into the store, leav-
ing a man seated at the wheel!

“The dumb bunny-” Patrolman Ripley
muttered, “Can’t he read?”

The man had stopped beside a sign
plainly marked “Bus Stop—No Parking.”

Ripley looked at the man lolling behind
the wheel. He was slight and snappily
dressed. Pale little shifty eyes set close
together were hooded with heavy lids.
Thin lips drooped cruelly at the corners,
It was a duplicate of the “face” pasted up
on the board in the squad room. It was
Nannery!

What a break!

The citizens of Dover were treated to
a strange spectacle that afternoon. Down
the middle of Blackwell Street marched
Killer Nannery, dubbed the most danger-
ous criminal in America, his hands reach-
ing for the sky, while behind him walked

Patrolman Ripley, gun drawn, looking
neither to the right nor the left, intent
only con getting his prisoner to Police
Headquarters.

The young cop had a bad moment
when, out of the corner of his eye, he saw
the redhead come out of the drug store,
flash a glance up the street, take in the
situation, leap into the coupe, and roar
away. He heaved a sigh of relief. It would
be easy to pick her up later.

The two-man parade continued for
three blocks, drawing an amazed following,
until it encountered Sergeant John Valley,
also of the Dover Police.

The Sergeant immediately sized up the
situation, although he had no idea as to
the identity of the prisoner.

“Need any help?” he asked.

“Give this bird a frisk, while I keep
him covered,” Ripley suggested: The Ser-
geant complied.

From each of the prisoner’s hip pockets
he took a .38 calibre revolver, and from
his vest pocket a tear-gas fountain pen.
As he was extracting this last weapon, the
thug made a lunge ier it. Valley was too
quick for him, and pinioned his arms se-
curely to his sides. The march was re-
sumed.

At Headquarters the prisoner was ar-
raigned for carrying concealed weapons
and as a fugitive from justice.

Realizing there was no escape, he ad-
mitted his identity.

“T never expected to be caught like this,”
he said bitterly. “I was always ready to
shoot it out; | didn’t intend to let anybody
take me alive. What gets me is the way
that hick flatfood kidded me. I thought
he just wanted me for a traffic violation.”

Once again the so-called “hick cop” had

out-witted the “wise guy.” These rural
officers are poison to gangsters; if they
ate “hres” ab tmaght be well lor some of
the big cities to engage some.

State Troopers Carmody and Leon set
out in pursuit of the redhead. After a
mad dash they picked her up at llorham
Park, five miles away, where she had pull-
ed up at the side of the road and busily
engaged in changing the license plates.

She dropped a plate when the Law
caught up with her, and clawed the oflic-
ers with her nails. But her fight was un-
availing and soon she was subdued and
handcuffed.

Then the officers looked over the car.
The front license plate, which she already
had changed, read N. Y. 4Z-14-15, but the
rear one was the fateful V-2880 of New
Jersey. The car was a veritable arsenal.
Under the dashboard a loaded automatic
was hidden; each side pocket contained a
pistol, also loaded; in the rumble seat was
concealed a Thompson sub-machine gun;
there was plenty of ammunition, as well
as a gas mask and an oxygen tank for
protection in case of an attack by tear-gas.

That was how the man the police had
breveted as “the most dangerous and des-
perate man in the country” was captured
without a struggle by a small-town cop-
per; and how his moll was taken blood-
lessly a half hour later by a pair of troop-
ers.

Nannery was returned to Sing Sing to
serve out his unexpired term, with an ad-
ditional term for his escape. When, and
if, he lives long enough to be set free, he
will be met at the prison gate with offic-
ers ready to arrest him on other charges.

It can safely be said that Killer Nan-
nery’s racketeer career is permanently at
an end.

The Twin Riddle of Hightower-Hauptmann (Continued from Page 15)

to right and left and behind, and empty
space out ahead. The others joined us
and clambered down.

Hightower, pointing to the base of the
inner wall, said:

“It’s right along there.” i

We ha brought shovels; Lynn, High-
tower and Landini dug. A moment later
Lynn passed me his shovel handle and
said: “Feel that—there’s something
there!” I prodded the sand gently—surely
something was there .. .. Just afterward
Hightower said a strange thing. It was:

“Il think I’ve got his feet!”

Lynn nudged me in the dark.

And a few minutes later, on the surface
of the sand in that impossible spot, lay
the murdered body of Father Heslin.

The dead priest was claid in his black
broadcloth garb. A flashlight showed that
the postscript of the ransom note had
been true—the top of his skull was crushed
in. But that had not been fatal, for the
wound had bled, and Chief O’Brien now
found bullet holes—one through the brain,
one beside the heart, one in the abdomen,

Still in the priest’s pocket, with some
simple personal possessions, was the little
case of red morocco containing the con-
secrated bread and wine. He had no
chance to consume the sacrament, as an
endangered priest would do. He had been
lured to his death by a lying summons to
an errand of mercy, and laid low without
warning . .. Did the man who had brought
him that false summons stand beside us
now?

For we were already perceiving the
large, outstanding fact which Hightower
never could ype away any more than
Hauptman could explain away the large,
outstanding fact of his possession of the
Lindbergh ransom money. That analog-
ous great fact was this: Hightower had
known where the slain priest was buried!
He had known it far too well.

He had led us to that unlikely spot in
the thick of the blackest of nights—over
trailless sands—and his tale about the flap-
jack sign was purest bunk, for the sign
didn’t face in that direction and was off
across the hilly dunes a quarter of a mile
away! Not by the remotest possibility
could it have guided Hightower to find
this grave. : x

Yes, it was simply Hightower’s falsely-
explained knowledge of the secret of that
= that set us to hunting for further
clews. It was enough. It was as incrimi-
nating a circumstance as any detective,

36

or detective-reporter, would need as the
starting point of an evidence-hunt. Chief
O’Brien, indeed, had been suspicious from
the first—had frisked Hightower as he got
into the car. And now—the man’s famili-
arity with that sequestered grave and his
incredible, unnecessary explanation . . .
And I reflected that the wild mind that
had concocted the ransom letter also could
have concoted that flapjack story. Here
was one such mind. Could there be two?

So familiar is the Lindbergh baby kid-
naping to most readers that to recount it
in detail would be in poor taste. But
there are certain things of which I may
remind 7. to bring out the strange an-
alogy of which I write.

Much more than the general public re-
alized—was known about the kidnaper be-
fore Hauptmann ever was identified or
arrested. And what was known was de-
duced just as our advance picture of the
Heslin kidnaper was deduced — from
pig d of the ransom letters and details
of the crime itself—and by a newspaper-
man!

Those intimate with the Lindbergh mys-
tery know that, when the police authori-
ties went gangster-chasing and were other-
wise misled, Lee Mattison of International
News Service wasn’t beguiled. He, very
early, gave the detectives the exact theory
which, after thinking it over, they adopted
—and which later proved true.

As Sherlock Holmes used to look at a
crime scene and describe the criminal, so
the reporter-detective in the Lindbergh
mystery knew that the kidnaper was a
German—that he was cold, tricky, secre-
tive—that he weighed not less than 165

ounds—that he lived in the Bronx—that

e wore a certain size of shoe—that he had
a Dodge car—that he was a carpenter, or
one skilled in using lumber—that he was
a man familiar with boats, especially with
boating on the northern coast of Long
Island Sound.

His mind had the same combination of
extreme trickiness and nerve, with funda-
mental stupidity and shortsightedness,
that characterized Hightower’s. True, the
author of the Lindbergh ransom letters
was considerably less wild in his imagina-
tive proclivities than the author of the
Father Heslin ransom letter. He posed
less, threatened less, was more conciliat-
ing and less impudent; which simpl
means to the psychologist that the Lind-
bergh kidnaper was somewhat less near to

the borderline of paranoiac insanity; or
simply that, being a German and rather
illiterate, he had read less cheap fiction.

But the saner he was, relatively, the
more amazing might be considered this
fact—that the writer of the Lindbergh
ransom letters also made a direct confes-
sion to crime! Made it in his own hand-
writing, too, though partly disguised.

The clew as to the man’s being a car-
penter was gained from the ladder that
was found, broken, in the shrubbery. The
clew as to his weight came from the break
in the ladder itself. Detectives construct-
eda ay oi og ladder of identical timber
and it broke at the same place when
climbed by a 165-pound man with a weight
equal to that of the Lindbergh baby in
his arms.

The clews of the shoe-size came from a
deep footprint. The clew of residence in
the Bronx developed little by little as the
ransom notes showed up in the Bronx—
but was suspected from the outset by the
choice of Jafsie, a well-known Bronx char-
acter, as intermediary after he had been
interviewed in the Bronx Home News.

But all the other advance clews—except
perhaps finger-prints—were obtained from
the fourteen ransom letters, extracts from
which were printed in OrFiciaL DETECTIVE
Stories, issue of February.

Such letters build up a mental vision
of the writer which is often surprisingly
accurate. As in the,Heslin case, a picture
frame was ready.

And into the frame walked Hauptmann
—a German, a carpenter, a man of the
right size and weight and intellect, and,
to repeat the great fact that drew atten-
tion to him that could no more be over-
looked than could Hightower’s knowledge
of the priest’s burial place—his possession
of thousands of dollars of the Lindbergh
ransom bills.

The twin cases stood now in identically
the same situations. The authorities had
the man, their suspect, who fitted all
known facts. Now to find evidence which
would either eliminate that suspect or ce-
ment him into the frame.

And the “I, N. S.”, due to Lee Matti-
son's intimate contact with the case, scor-
ed a clean beat over the whole world on
the story of Hauptmann’s arrest .. .

Our exclusive story, developed from
George Lynn’s great scoop and its sand-
dune aftermath, had crashed San Fran-
cisco into early wakefulness. “BODY OF

MURDERED PRIEST FOUND IN
SALADA BEACH GRAVE”—was_ the
huge headline; I had written the story at
top speed on returning from the grave
after midnight; somehow the unforget-
table thing | had witnessed had got into
words, and between the lines as I read it
today I still can feel the darkness, the
wind and the sand, sense the smell of the
sea. “I’d rather have that story than
$10,000 for promotion of the Examiner,”
said Publisher Charles Stanton to me, and
my latigue was over. The opposition
Paper hadn’t had a line...

And dawn found four of us Examiner
men back on that seaside ledge. Captain
Matheson, detective head, was there, too.

Now the first evidence was found. And
very baffling it was. First, on the main
level of cliff edge just above the niche, a
revolver cartridge was picked up. It was
a .45 U.M.C. from an automatic pistol.
It suggested that the murderer had stood
above and fired at the priest on the ledge
below. But we never found the gun...

I chanced to be looking down at Cap-
tain Matheson, who was on the ledge,
when he stumbled over something in the
loose sand. He stooped and brought it

up.

It was a long, jagged board, like an old
fence rail—but the curious thing was that,
bound around that board in two places,
some seven feet apart, were loops of new,
white string!

They were not tightly tied. The string
had_ been passed around the board four
or five times, rather loosely, and knotted.
It was unusual string—like deep-sea fish-
ing line, or a boy’s top string. Here was a
mystery!

And now my eye was caught by an odd
appearance below the ledge. ' This was a
cliff 200 feet high, of packed sand, and the
top had caved off considerably so that
only the upper half went straight down—
the rest sloped outward to the beach.
Well, at the very top of that slope, right
beneath the ledge where the body had
lain, I observed that the sand Joohed
broken and fresh—and at the apex of the
break was a plank! .

Had someone tossed it off our ledge?
It looked that way. And now I saw other
lumber scattered there below. This was
intriguing. We hastened down to the
edge of the surf and climbed upward
again.
Result—the oddest collection of lumber
ever discovered, and all of it somehow con-


It takes only some exhibit of true Prominence to ir-
ritate such a mind; and that was how the Tightower
case began. San Francisco’s newspapers had been full,
that month in 1921, of colorful accounts of the National
Convention of the Knights of Columbus. Parades, re-
ceptions, speeches, ceremonies—the country’s foremost
men of a great religious faith were assembled in San
Francisco and the city had opened its heart. No one
dreamed that there was one twisted mind to whom such
a fanfare of publicity was gall and wormwood—just as
no one dreamed that the fame which later attended
Colonel Lindbergh’s every act stirred hatred in a crim-
inal’s soul. The psychological analogy is clear,

This twisted mind schemed a spectacular crime of
sacrilege, just as the mind of the Lindbergh kidnaper
schemed an appalling gesture of affront to parenthood...

The convention adjourned on August 2; that night
there was a ring at the doorbell of a little parish house
in Colma, suburb of San Francisco. A man clad in an
overcoat, wearing dark glasses and with cap pulled down,

stood two steps below the landing in the dark and asked:
“Is Father ine”

_ “Yes,” answered Marie Wendell, the housekeeper.
She noticed that the man had what she later described
as “a high, smooth, silky voice” and spoke very rapidly.

“A friend of mine is dying of tuberculosis,” said the

caller. “He wants the last ‘sacrament before he dies. |
want the Father to come right away.”
He hadn’t mentioned the priest’s name.

ND later events showed he didn’t even know it,
Earlier that same evening he had tried to get an-

-other priest—any servant of the Church would do for

what he had in mind. He waited while the housekeeper
notified Father Heslin—who agreed to g0, went into the
adjoining church, consecrated the bread and wine, put
them into the usual red morocco case and stepped out
to the sidewalk. The stranger, meanwhile, declined the
housekeeper’s invitation to enter the house and remained
outside in the dark,

Parked at the curb was a model T Ford. The house-
keeper saw the stranger and the priest get in. Vaguely
apprehensive, she noted three things: That the Ford
had-a self-starter; that it drove rapidly down the high-
way that led to the lonely, wind-haunted district of
Salada Beach; and that so far as she. could watch it, it
was driven without lights,

In the morning, when the priest had not returned,
Marie Wendell telephoned the Archbishop. And he, as
it appeared, already was apprehensive. In that morn-
ing’s mail ‘to the Archbishop's residence a strange letter
had come: a letter that was to have no parallel until
another strange letter was found on the nursery window-
sill in Hopewell. The letter the Archbishop received
read as follows:

Aug. 3rd—

“Act with caution for I have father of Colma
in bootleg cellar, where a lighted candle is left

burning when I leave, and at bottom of candle are
the chemicals necessary to generate enough pois
gas to kill a dozen men, and as he is fastened
hochains you will see that he is in a very bad
ay, and if | am arrested, or bothered in any way,
I will leave him just where he is and in two hours
from the time Eleave him he will be dead, for the

candle will not burn more than an hour and a half
after | leave him, for I cut it at that length.

The gruesome find
after a midnight
search: Removing
the body of the
- murdered priest
from his tempor-
ary burial ground

Newspaper men
and police dig-
ging for the clews
that fastened a
horrible murder
upon a= maniac

“You damn Knights made my wife believe that
she was not really married to me at all, and she
quit me and got a divorce and half the property,
which amounted to sixty-five hundred dollars, and
your bunch will have to make that good if | have
to kidnap and kill a dozen of your socalled Fathers,
for lam going to have (revenge?) and don’t you
forget it.

If door is opened to this cellar by any one ex-
cept myself, it will ignite a bunch of matches, and
upset a can of gasoline on top of him, and the en-
tire police force, and all your damn Knights, would
not be able to get the chains off of him before he
would burn to death. SO THE ONE BEST BET
FOR YOU TO GET THE SIXTY-FIVE HUN-
DRED DOLLARS IN FIVES TENS TWENTIES
EIFTIES AND HUNDREDS BUT NONE HIGH-
ER THAN HUNDREDS AND BE SURE THERE
IS NO MARKS ON THEM FOR IF ANYTHING
AROUSES MY SUSPICION. | WILL LEAVE
HIM TO DIE RIGHT WHERE HE IS. I had
charge of a machine gun in the Argonne, and poured
thousands of bullets into struggling men, and killing
men is no novelty to me, besides it will be your own
bunch that will kill him if you do not do just as
you are told.

THAT IT IS DOPE, so don’t leave it unsealed or it
might not reach me after you had sent it.

Have car ready with spotlight, and you will get
instructions what road to take and you will turn the
spotlight upward and drive slowly, until you see a
white strip across road, then stop, get out with the
money, leave car, and follow the string that is at-
tached-to white strip until you come to end of string,
then put down package, and go back to town, and
remember your brother does not get out until [| have
the money and am in the clear, beside an—(a line
and a half here were obliterated)—and he is com-
plaining of the pain, when he is not gagged so he
cannot make a complaint, Better have. it doctor

ready with you, and be at the house where he lived,
and wait for the messenger with the instructions
what road to take, REMEMBER JUST ONE MAN
IN THAT CAR, and he had betler be carelul for
if he looks suspicious, he will be tagged with a hand
grenade, as have six of them ready for any treachery,

And the waiting man will not be seen at all, and he
will not see the man to whom he Passes the package,
and the second man gives it to me, but remember,
if the cops are notified or any move made that will
make it dangerous to me, | will not send you the
instructions how to find him and release him, besides
if this becomes public it will be seen how easy it is
to trap your bunch of imposters, and others will go
and do likewise. “Nuff said.” “It’s up to you.”

_. You will get the message about nine o'clock at
night, perhaps tonight, perhaps tomorrow night.

HAD-TO-HITT HIM four Times and HE IS
UNCONCIOUS FROM PRESSURE ON BRAIN
SO BETTER HURRY AND NO FOOLING,

TO-NIGHT AT 9 CLOCK.

I was on the rewrite desk of the Examiner when this
amazing letter came in from the police beat. Incredible
—it must be a fake! But the Priest certainly had dis-
appeared on the night of August 2 and there was the

Captain Matheson of the San Francisco

Police displaying one of the unidentified

boards found at the grave. Later that
board screamed “Murder”

Shen tarsehoNnemn acer eon


ee

cold evidence of the postmark, Proving that the letter False clews piled up and were eliminated. The folk In the gathering gloom the young reporter rang the
had been mailed in San Ftitichecn--- fear hours after of Colma parish started the reward ball tolligg they doorbell, As he did-se, a Man, walking with, nervous
his departure from the parish house and belore anyone pul up $1440 cash. The Knights ollered —$1000—the rapidity, stepped up from the sidewalk and joined him
suspected he was kidnaped! So it must be a genuine County Supervisors $1000—the Archdiocese $5000, The at the door.
ransom demand—and we sat down to study it for what rewards were for the finding of Pather Hestin alive He owas a well-built, lithe, tan-skinned individual,
evidence Tt might contain, or dead. about 40, wearing a white Panama fedora. The door
¥ ili tle was opened, Lynn entered: the Stranger coolly entered
THERE was plenty. Just as the writer of the note left Y THE seventh day these rewards were larger than with him. Lynn asked an attendant about the rumored
on the Lindbergh window-sill in Llopewell clearly had the sum demanded for ransom. Not a word had come kidnap letter and was shown into an anteroom to wait,
identified himself as a German of teld. scheming mind, from the kidnaper or kidnapers. And now we of the The stranger seated himself there, too.
so this writer clearly was an American, glib and fluent, Examiner got a tremendous break. : Ag te ; . ‘
neither illiterate nor so well educated but that he mis- Every newspaperman dreams of putting over some Suddenly he spoke—in a high, smooth, rapid voice:
spelled unconscious. great exclusive story—what the vocabulary of other “T’ve come to see the Archbishop on that same mat-

And he had a strangely haunting personality. He days used to call a scoop. In one of its as ects, the Hes- ter myself. That is, about the priest's grave. I think
was insolent, garrulous, insulting and conceited. The lin-Hightower affair developed a scoop that still ranks I have found it.”

Lynn strove to control his excite-
ment. “Where is it?” he asked.

“Out that way—it’s a funny sort of
place—at the bottom of a sort of bank
out by the flapjack sign. The flap-
Jack sign was how I found it. I came
along the cliff, and there was a ‘piece of
gunny sack and the ground was soft
and a board down into the sand
and felt something—something buried
there. Maybe it’s a dead doe that
somebody killed and buried, but | think
it’s the priest. | want the Archbishop
to send some men out there with me
so I can get the reward.”

Lynn was thinking fast. “Have

you been to the police?” he asked. He
wanted to see if the man’s story was
out,

“No!” said the stranger. “They’d

weird business about machines, peptine, machine guns _ The crude lettering on the murder- guy me out of it if they had a chance. I’ve come
and hand grenades might safely set down as bluster tent, designed as a ruse to keep curi- here first.” It was right here that George had_ his
—but the fellow certainly had an insane imagination! osity seekers away from foul crime first amazing vision of a great exclusive—and what

He hadn’t known the name of the priest he kidnap-
ed. This was easily deduced. The main body of the
letter had been typewritten on an old ‘machine—type-
written obviously in advance, with a space for the
priest’s name left blank. And in that space were hand-
lettered the words “of Colma,” not the word “Heslin’—
which meant, to my way of thinking, that our search
should be for one who hated what any priest represent-
ed rather than for a personal foe of Father Heslin,

The sum demanded for ransom, $6500, was most
unusual. Why that sum instead of a round figure?
Might that not become a clew?

And the man had an underworld mind, to judge
from the references to bootleg and dope. A cruel mind,
too, to judge from the gloating tone.

But most: important of all were the twenty-four
words pen-printed at the end of the letter, and the pen-
printed “Aug. 3rd” and “of Colma” above. First, why
the postscript that the priest was injured and “uncon-
cious” if it were not true? That had the ring of truth!

And the handwriting was peculiar. Those curved
uprights of the “A” and “H”—those down-curving
crosses of the “T”—that queer, square-bottomed “U”—
where had one seen those before?

Ths fellow. wasn’t shy about confessing to crime—

and in handwriting, too! He had taken pen in hand
to boast of having struck the priest and fracturing his
skull. He had tried to disguise the handwriting, of course
-but it was very characteristic writing none the less.
Tricky and wildly imaginative as this man was, he was
stupid and shortsighted, too.

It was E. O. Heinrich, the famous scientific detec-
tive, who pointed out later that the writer of that let-
tering actually had revealed his trade. It was cake-
bakers’ lettering—a standard kind which all bakers learn
—and no incident in any crime ever has struck me as
more grotesque than the fact that this deadly message
was printed in the very same lettering as “Happy Birth.
day” or “For Arthur, Aged 7” upon a birthday cake!

For our analogy—the Lindbergh kidnaper revealed
his trade, too. The ladder showed him to be a carpen-
ter. And in a dozen phrases he proclaimed himself a
German. He also confessed, in writing, to crime. Nor

was the ingenuity which devised the queer double circle Professor Carl Eisenschimme! of the San Francisco rolice, nanuweit-
signature on the Lindbergh notes and gave the elaborate dae anp ett Who testified at Hightower’s trial. His findings were as
instructions for delivering the ransom, at all dissimilar damning as those later brought to light in a courtroom in New Jersey

to the ingenious brain that framed our Heslin note.
But that was all-we could know until the priest F .
himself was found! as a classic of the Me Ae oo game. I wrote that ex- a scoop it could be!

And so a seven-day search began for Father Heslin clusive story, signed it, hence received an undue share The Archbishop, entered then, briefly: disposed of
—a search which had no counterpart for drama and sus- of the credit; but it was George Lynn, a younger re- Lynn’s query—no second letter had come; and George
pense until the search for the Lindbergh baby eleven orter on our staff, who should have it all, For it was then waited while the stranger told: the Archbishop a
years later. For “Sourland Mountain” read “Salada ynn who was in the right place. at the right moment, rambling, disjointed narrative. Something about a flap-
Beach”—that was the only difference, and acted with real genius to capitalize on his stroke of ack sign and a girl and a Greek who was a bootlegger.

Marie Wendell had ‘seen the Ford turn into the luck. he Archbishop as tactful; quite justifiably he thought
Pedro Valley highway. It ta ped an isolated seaside : : the man a nut. Miser if you'll come back in the
district of dunes and cliffs uated canyons, where the ACTUAL news was wearing thin, that seventh day of morning we'll send somebody out,” he said. Lynn and

wind whipped ceaselessly over sandy wastes studded with the search; only the continual phone calls to our the stranger left together,

lupin thickets, and drove that sand into the crevices of newspaper, four or five hundred of them a day, asking: On the sidewalk came George’s big moment. “Come
artichoke farmers’ huts, A depressing, bleak region, off “Have they found the priest yet?” attested to the mi down to the Examiner now with me and we'll drive you
the beaten track, and ghostly with its gray sand and __lic’s continued interest. Late that afternoon City Editor out there tonight!” he urged. “If the Police get on to
gray fogs. A flimsy railroad built into it in forgotten Bill Hines had: heard rumors that a second ransom let- this you'll get no reward—but if we Examiner men are

boom days long since had been abandoned. ter had come to the Archbishop. Possibly that rumor there, we'll stand by you and see that you get it! It’s
Now autos were speeding back and forth along the _ arose from a FAKE ransom letter that was concocted in the only way you'll ever cash in!”
Pedro Valley road. Airplanes whirred low over the per- _ the office of a rival paper, the Bulletin, and published And a taxi cruised by just then and Lynn—who

ilous_ terrain. Self-formed posses of boys and men for genuine that day. Afterward, the perpetrators of told me afterward he had only a dime in his pocket—
thrashed every thicket. But a single clew was found. that fake were to claim credit for Scaring the criminal _ flagged it and fairly shoved the man inside.

Some distance out a searcher picked up a Catholic bre- out of hiding. ; He repeated his arguments during the brief drive.
viary . . . Had it been dropped as a summons to aid, At all events, Hines sent George Lynn at about 6:30 So it happened that, just as | was going out for

when Father Heslin first realized his dreadful plight? Pp. m. up to the Archbishop’s house. supper, an excited young reporter, towing a lithe,

14


ete ranger, encourtered me at the offies exit. I A
ect viriting this entire case. Lynn explained matters
briefly, introducing the man as William A. Hightower.

It did not take long to grasp the situation! :

“Tell me what you think you've found,” [ said to
the man. And speaking very glibly he told me his ex-
traordinary tale—Hightower’s famous flapjack story:

“Took a walk last Sunday out Salada Beach way.
I had a girl living up here in a hotel, and giving me
money—you know, she’s in business and |’d been living
off her—and we'd had a scrap a few days before, and
she moved out of my room and I lost track of her—
since then | hadn’t been eating regular.” He laughed
a high, giggly laugh.

“So Saturday night I ran into her on the street near

the Hotel Larne and she stopped me and said: ‘Bill,
I've got something funny to tell you.’ And she told
mae. Xeni this Greek that she’d picked up the previous
night.
“He was a Greek bootlegger, she said, and he came
up to her room, and he was drunk. And when he took
his coat off, she saw he had a gun strapped around him
and she said: ‘My! Take that off, I’m scared of guns.’
And he told her: “You'd ought to be scared—this gun’s
just killed a man,’

“So later he went off to sleep and got babbling in
his sleep and kept talking about something he had buried
down by the beach—something he didn’t want anybody
to find—and my girl, thinking maybe there was booze
and she could use it in her Rantacen kept asking him
where it was. And finally he said: ‘Nobody’s going to
find what I got buried out there—I got a partner who
fries flaplack, and he’s watching the place! Just sits
there all the time, frying flapjacks, and guarding that
spot.’

“And now my girl tells me about that, and asks me:
‘Wasn’t that funny! What do you suppose he meant?’
And I didn’t tell her; but I had a hunch. So Sunday |
took a hike down that way.

“I know that. place—used to work on that railroad
when they built it and | sort of remembered seeing a
billboard down there—you know, one of those round
flapjack flour advertising signs with a picture of the old
~ourdough frying hotcakes over a fire. So I found that

gn all right—it’s off the Pedro Valley road—and |

oked around where the fellow in that picture was Bruno Richard Hauptmann (left) and William A. Hightower: “Men who
atching, and sure enough I found this place.” worked quietly at some humble, subdued trade, while their morbidly egoistic
“What’s the place like?” I was getting interested. minds went galvanizing off along eerie dream-paths of grandeur and wealth”

gee : “It’s right. on the edge of the cliff. And there’s
Me a : something buried there, all right. Maybe it’s the priest.
: ay ‘ : oe I didn’t dig it up, but the ground’s loose and it wasn’t
¥Ch Res hop Hawa Ss deep. It’s worth a chance going down to see.”
ro. ; : I thought so, too, and so informed Bill Hines. And
heer (BE. Supp yescy 7o gel TArs : ft WV Fe. Fea S Hines slipped into a phone booth and called that splen-
: ~ bal MN ‘ ‘ b oe pe prog: s the late poet de ged og Chief of tyre
eer sane ‘ vi - ip . { s oe of San Francisco and president of the International As-
So ey tafh ER Hz SAIVN 65 Hof cle ad, e Ther +S : < ee pociation of nee Police. We all knew and admired
er Spy 7 - * ; ; an. His son is George O’Brien, movie star.
AOC ER 7 fate Has MATH NE fo Ths» “If oH i the biggest mee solution of your
— \ career, w u t si the E£. j ill
Uicrness X Micery Has con) pene J AVY ACTION, F we can sew Tt up?” asked Hines: And the Chief, like a
: ; e) wise policeman, promised.
Mast (ave Menny . PLease fer We This ach v4 S° IT happened that an hour later Chief O’Brien’s
< : car, with the Chief driving, was creeping through
You CaN .. 4 : ci fog — inky ano pong the, Pedro Valley
. ce road. In it also were Constable Landini of Colma, whom
VU ave 105 22° CASH ; TPEARY. = had picked se en sete: ea ae Lynn, Sam
‘ S row the ace photographer, and myself. And the man
I fou Uurclt tH2ay freon ALE Very Seow { a ee calling himself William A. Hightower sat beside the
/ A a os doy 7 ig La re, — me Some past.
‘ : ft § - Are i te had been a baker—and other things. He was cer-
lice Mann eh (N WAnch TAs & r fi re tainly deve and conceited ane badly hipped on the
“f° y's oan : woman subject. n e knew that out-of-the-wa
« Reve ated 76 Ow IN MY OWNE US. eg (f8. & wit Be = region very thoroughly indeed . . . ?
” 3 Yaar? what THE ‘tnd hy 24 ny r*s.Drecd Bourn: ‘ ‘ Bd called the bg in ie Pedro Valley road before
faicf Wo 3 ’ ts the Chief could see them. He announced that the flap-
. ; : bios ‘ jack sign was two curves ahead. He pointed out a spot
Pte Pastin 1 Brack, # SA98 fob 48\) is aes "he headlights fel on the saree aoe
tle} MH LAA : : ghostly thing on its background of sand dunes. Yes,
ators ie ” re : biti A boy ey man frying flapjacks . ae
oy Se 0 7A me hy © Tog had gone now, but it was inky black. A
Have Mowe Y (ean y 4: ANY } AW’ hee ¢ . rege en wid from the Pacific was whipping across
me; : the sand.
You Loc hear Movin AVG ey Soow 5 : : ‘a Hightowss led us of the road on foot, into the
: ee. , ; : ack sand dunes, through gullies and up ‘slopes for a
pun VIA KN 6 WwW Jam ad FO 1 & fr t fPEv san ee : good quarter of a mile! | kept near to him, and he
y, é rit $ e ; th paused just once, saying: “I’m steering by that ridge.”
a / a TI _pPltie & D& Jo CY at I couldn’t see the ridge. It struck me that this was a
ALS tur // AVE . e L
« f : meres : ; ‘ pretty place for reporters to be walking in the dead of
ROLE Suc gee ee wi ti ig be Sata t™ OPRY  & xa
tone Bi od “Sse
ion ‘ HILE I was thinking these thrilling thoughts,
™~ Hightower, ten feet ahead of me, seemed to leap
~~, down ee on of Pa soa ¥ %
~ I moved gingerly forward—there was a cliff some-
where ahead, View in below it the Pacific. For now
Sa the wind seemed to rise upward from below,
a Hlightower’s voice, from beneath me, said: “Let me
take your feet—there’s a couple of steps-—it’s about ten
Reproduction of a portion of the actual ransom note sent to Father Heslin’s Archbishop. feet down now jump!”
The peculiar shape of the letters was deduced to mean that they had been made by a | jumped... :
pastry-cook accustomed to labelling cakes “Happy Birthday” in frosted trimming. And e stood on a sort of ledge—a level shelf, possibly
when the criminal who wrote this note was brought in, his occupation proved to be-— twelve feet square with clilly (Continued on Page Jo)
15

CO


ral figure
al story,
evidence
y William
Brooklyn.

The Bizarre

Lindbergh Case»

Finale of *

Ellis Parker, Sr., and his son Ellis, Jr., are shown at right, above, as they appeared during the trial which
revealed sensational details of Wendel’s kidnap and torture. The elder Parker was one of America’s most
famous detectives. His son assisted him. Their joint kidnap hoax delayed the execution of Bruno Richard

Hauptmann, slayer of the Lindbergh baby,

HE old man stood with his shoulders hunched slightly
forward. His head was completely bald. There were
tears in his eyes.

He had just heard the verdict which branded him as a criminal.
After 44 years as an officer of the law, after sending scores of
killers to jail, after winning nation-wide acclaim as a detective—
after a career full of honor and distinction the old man stood
up in the courtroom at Newark, N. J., and heard himself branded
as he had branded so many others:

“Guilty as charged!”

Thus ended the almost fabulous career of Ellis Parker, Sr.,
the county sleuth of Mt. Holly, N. J., who had won such fame
as comes to few officers of the law.

His disgrace was made doubly acute, for by his side stood his
strapping son, Ellis, Jr., also a detective and also found guilty
of participating in a cruel and shocking crime—torture kid-
nap!

The Parkers, senior and junior, had enacted a bizarre finale
to the incredible Lindbergh kidnaping. The verdict of guilty

shown above in his cell in the death house.

against the two detectives was an amazing aftermath of Bruno
Richard Hauptmann’s hideous crime. The story that lies be-
hind Ellis Parker’s downfall goes back to a night in 1936....

It was Bruno Hauptmann’s hour to die.

Up and down the steel-lined corridors of the New Jersey
state prison at Trenton 250 of the nation’s crack reporters and
a group of official witnesses paced white-faced, awaiting the
moment—already overdue—when Warden Mark O. Kimber-
ling would lead a grim procession from the death house through
a little green door.

In a hotel room across the street Hauptmann’s faithful wife.
Anna, to whom he had protested his innocence for the “last’”
time, locked herself in a bathroom and babbled hysterically.
Giant floodlights beat down upon the streets and in their glare
a mob shifted and muttered restlessly, wondering why the
prison lights had not dimmed and sent forth their fateful
message.

Then abruptly the whole fantastic picture was changed by the
advent of a uniformed state trooper from Gov. Harold Hoff-

9


there... He never did explain my bit of
string,
The boys finally turned up the auto-

_mobile, too. There was a garage slip

among Ilightower’s effects; Jim Adam and
George Lynn went to the garage, got an-
other identification, plus rental records
setting the exact time when the model “T”
had been rented to Hightower under an
assumed name the evening of the kid-
naping. And what is more, they found
the missing upright tent-poles.

Handwriting evidence, linking High-
tower to the ransom note, played as vital
a part as the tent-peg evidence linking
him to the priest’s grave. Experts Kytka
and Heinrich gave indisputable proofs.
Exemplars of Hightower’s admitted hand-
writing were plentiful—and in them, he
even misspelled ‘“unconsious’ several
times!

It was all a circumstantial case. Any
single clew taken by itself might have
been explained away. But added together
they made a total of guilt that could not
be shaken.

There was lumber in the case against
Hauptmann, too. The lumber of the lad-
der was traced by a Federal timber expert
to a mill in California and back across
the continent again to the Bronx. In that

Bronx lumber yard, Bruno Hauptmann
had worked, and from it he had purchased
lumber not long prior to the Lindbergh
crime.

And there were handwritten documents,
separate ones, to be linked together, too.
There was the possibility that the letter
left in the nursery might have been writ-
ten by one hand, and the later letters re-
ceived by Colonel Lindbergh and Jafsie
by someone else—in which case the second
writer would be guilty only of chiselin
in on the money and not necessarily o
the kidnaping. But eminent handwriting
experts have declared the original letter
was from the same hand; moreover, the
laf@™ letters make intimate cross-refer-
ences, and the double-circle signatures
with the perforations are identical.

So there seems no room for doubt that
the person who corresponded with Jafsie
and got the money was also the kidnaper
—or, at least, wrote in advance the letter
which the kidnaper left.

The .22 pistol hidden in the lumber of
Hauptmann’s garage may correspond, if
you like, to Hightower’s .22 pistol. Haupt-
mann was a machine-gunner during the
War in the German army; Hightower only
tried to invent a machine-gun. It was
only in the latter’s imagination that he
“shot down thousands of men.”

Sterilization—The Mutilating

erotic stimulation. They had habitually
bitten, lacerated and whipped each other.
In this she had been the extravagant and
demanding partner. They had made ex-
traordimary uses of mechanical. devices.
Specific quotations of any pungency
from the Snook record would be censor-
able and might hurt the feelings of per-
sons now living. I can best convey the
idea by showing what eminent scientific
authorities have reported on this dark sub-

ect.

“Lust in the infliction of pain and lust
in inflicted pain,’ writes Doctor Von
Krafft-Ebing, “appear but as two differ-
ent sides of the same psychical process, of
which the primary and essential thing is
the consciousness of active or passive sub-
jection, in which the combination of cruel-
ty and lustful pleasure has only a secon-
dary psychological significance. Acts of
cruelty serve to express this subjection;
first, because they are most extreme means
for the expression of this relation; and
again, because they represent the most in-
tense effect that one person can exert on
another.”

Doctor Iwan Bloch, in The Sexual Life
of Our Time, declares that morbid prac-
tices of the sort were known in antiquity
and are still common among certain prim-
itive peoples. They are an_ inheritance
from an age when human beings were

close to the beasts. Young and healthy
civilizations have no taste for excesses.
But when a civilization becomes over-ripe,
there is danger that neurotic individuals
will revert to the old bad ways. It should
be understood that Doctor Bloch is not
referring to the disease of homosexuality,
but to sadistic and unbridled lust.

In Fee the males wear sheaths consist-
ing of strips of fur with the hair outwards.
In the East Indian Islands, among the
Masai of Africa, the Tauni Islanders and
the natives of the Island of Ponape simi-
lar devices are used to the fur-sheaths of
the Javanese—but in these cases, instead
of fur, the Sadistic practice employs stone
rings, bristles, bodkins, et cetera.

Doctor P gop Howard Snook, on trial
for his life, claimed that savage manias
like the above had played a part in his
extra-conjugal intimacies with Theora Hix.
It is unbelievable that the young girl
should have been the one, as he said, to
launch them on this course and to insist
upon wilder and wilder abnormalities,
When they started their affair, Snook was
in his middle forties and she was barely
twenty-one. The man had the knowledge
and the experience. He must have been
the initiator.

Regarding the murder, Snook swore
that at the climax of their quarrel in the
car parked on the rifle range, Theora be-

And so we come to the haunting final
questions of alibis-and of accomplices,

There never was any real evidence about
accomplices. Still—as in the Lindbergh
case-—there was throughout the haunting
feeling, almost the proof, that [ightower
had had accomplices! It reasoned thus:
If the kidnaper had left the priest in the
tent, then come back into town to mail
the letter, surely he had not have left
him there alone?

The original kidnaper (Marie Wendell
identified Hightower, largely by his voice)
hit the priest over the head and left him
stunned. Yes—but had he shot him? It
always seemed quite possible to me that
Hightower had taken the priest out there,
left him injured, guarded by a partner;
and the priest later had made an outcry,
and partner had shot*him dead.* Shot him
and fled. That Hightower had come out
at some still later time; found the dead
priest in the tent, buried him, and after
a few days claimed the rewards. He was
py te) hee ag nage in the kidnaping,

ence legally of the murder, whether he
or Partner did the actual killing.

And I have wondered whether a similar
situation might not yet develop as to
Bruno Hauptmann. The question will not
down: Would a man try to kidnap a
baby single-handed? Who would hold
the child as the kidnaper drove the car?

Who would care for the child in captiv-
ity? The item of caring for the baby
must have been arranged in advance, lot
! do not think anyone believes the child’s
murder was premeditated. It looks as
though the Lindbergh baby was killed as
Father Heslin was killed—because he was
hurt and made an outcry—and was buried,
like Father Heslin, in an impromptu
ett Then the kidnapers collected—as
Hightower tried to collect—and the greed
for money, as in Hightower's case, too,
betrayed one of them at least.

A jury in Redwood City, California,
convicted Hightower of the kidnap-mur-
der of Father Patrick E, Heslin. During
the trial his fertile mind absorbed every
bit of circumstantial evidence against him
and wove it all into an amazing new lie,
explaining everything, but contradicting
all_his* previous lies.

The jurors gave him life imprisonment
instead of hanging!—partly because the
evidence was circumstantial, but more on
the very sensible theory that if left alive
he might some day tell his missing part-
ners’ names! He is in San Quentin today.
But he has never talked.

| wonder if the Hightower-Heslin case,
so prophetical of the later Lindbergh mys-
tery, may yet, despite Hauptmann’s con-
viction and sentence to death, prove pro-
phetic in these respects, too.

Professor (Continued from Page 23)

gan to torture him phsycially. The pain
he suffered was so intense that he lost
control of himself. He tried to subdue
her by choking her, then reached for the
hammer and struck blindly. When he
came to, he was writhing in agony on
the running-board of his Ford coupe.

In an effort to escape the consequences
of his earlier confession, he now maintain-
ed that he had not deliberately cut her
throat in order to put an end to her mis-
ery. He said that his mind had been a
blank while he was using the pocket-
knife.

Before the conclusion of the trial Hand-
some Jack Chester uttered words which
have been much quoted. -Holding up a
suit of female underwear, he said:

“Here is a garment that Theora Hix
wore. There is a garment that Theora
wore at the time she was murdered. Back
in the back part of this room there are
three hundred women, and | will gamble
something pretty right here and now that
that is the most modest garment that any
woman in this room has on, I don’t care
how many of them there are here. There
can’t be anybody to dispute that.

“It is a garment that comes down, fas-
tens around the legs, comes up the sides
and starts at the top and doesn’t .end un-
til it gets to the bottom, and you won’t

find -half a dozen. more like that in this
room today. It is the most modest gar-
ment that there is, and it tells the story
of that girl, just as well as anything pos-
sibly could. There is the story of that
girl right there...

“Just take that little suit of underwear
and put the whole story right there. The
little suit of underwear; the girl on the
one hand and Doctor Snook on the other;
and the girl is dead and can’t tell her
story ...And he got up here on the wit-
ness-stand and told the most damnable,
en story that I have ever heard in my
ife!

As if the length or thickness of a wo-
man’s clothes are any proof of her funda-
mental morality! I wish it were as easy
as all that to test the somber impulses of
a sick and deluded brain.

How much better it would have been if
Prosecutor Chester had warned the State
of Ohio that we must prevent sexual de-
linquents from being born! How much
better if he had pleaded for a law to de-
tect and sterilize the Doctor Snooks of
the future!

The jury stayed out for only twenty-
eight minutes, and returned with a verdict
of guilty as charged. There was the usual
appeal. It failed, and Snook paid the pen-
alty in the electric chair.

Secret of the Redwoods (Continued from Page 19)

and terrible alarm. “I may need this
one.”

“The stain’. She saw my _ purpose
swiftly. “Ilis nose had bled, he said. |
couldn’t get the stain out, washing it.”

“I’m from Eureka, California,” I told
her as I left. “Your husband may be there
in a day or two. He is in custody in
Portland now. If you want to come to
Eureka, I’ll do what I can for you.”

On | went to Portland, a scant sixty
miles, before light was in the sky that day.
Clarence King was in Captain Thatcher's
office when I reported there shortly after
six o'clock. I had telephoned the Captain
from a restaurant where black coffee
warmed me and shook off what lethargy
| may have felt after the sleepless
hours.

Bold, square-jawed, my suspect was. His
eyes squinted against the hard light from
the ceiling. He was clad in a sheeplined,
leather coat.

“All ready for the trip,” big bluff Cap-
tain Thatcher smiled at me. “He hasn’t
sung his song, but I believe he will as you
travel southwards. He’s the singing type,
I think.”

“Sing?” Clarence King looked at me
en eyes. “What’s he mean to
sing

38

“To tell what you know,” I informed
him. “But before we leave there is one
thing I’d like you to do.” I handed Captain
Thatcher a paper bundle. “Something in
there | wah you’d pass through your
lab,” I begged, “as quickly as you can.”

“It’s done.” The bulky Captain rose
from his chair. “Talk to this chap awhile.
I'll be right back.” fk

But there was little | wanted to talk
to Clarence King about right then. |
hdd another plan, and miles must be
driven before I could see if it would work.
One question only | asked him:

‘Did you know Mary McCoy, Mickie
McCoy, whose mail you called for today?”

“Didn’t know her,” he blustered. “An-
other guy asked me to get that mail. A
short guy with a twisted smile——His
nose was broke, too, and——

“We'll let it pass,” I said, but I saw
him move uneasily in his chair. His eyes
were slits against the light again. His
forehead furrowed, and deep wrinkles
formed above his nose.

When the Captain returned some min-
utes later he handed the package to me,
still wrapped tight but wound with rub-
ber bands where string had been. With it,
he gave me a slip from a memorandum
sheet. “Human blood,” I read, just two

small words; but they held for me a moun-
tain of conjecture and of hope.

In the. hours that followed, Clarence
King sat at my side in the automobile,
steel bracelets on his wrists, and talked
of trees and sky and sea and other things.
But not once did he ask why I was taking
him so far southward. Not once did he
offer a word about the crime of which |
suspected him. Did that give away the
fact he already knew?

But when at last we came to the red-
wood grove where Mickie McCoy had
died, I stopped the car. Clarence King
was trembling when he got out. In si-
lence | walked him between those tower-
ing trunks in the soft light of early dusk.
In silence I stood beside the fallen log
and bade him pause...

“The gun went off,’ he volunteered, His
voice was an ugly murmur,

The forest seemed then to cease its own
soft whispering, as if the rough giants all
about were bending aged ears to hear
again proof of man’s weakness and of his
brutal, empty passion.

“It went off accidentally. I pointed it
at her—it went off— an accident.”

Lies—the breeze again was stirring up
aloft!—lies from the mouth of man.

“Why did you not take her farther on

—to the gorge beyond?” I asked him
then. “Tell me that, Clarence King, I’d
like to know. It makes no difference now,
but _I’d like to know.” .

“Because,” his eyes were full on mine
at last, “because it seemed so peaceful
here, and calm and—and everything. I
laid her there. | thought somebody would
find her. She was entitled to a burial. |
a her once. You see—I thought a
oti!"

He went to court in the city of Eureka
a_ full month later, His bride, Eunice
Turner King, was in the courtroom—
crumpled, whipped by the tragedy that
had struck so ruthlessly and so soon after
she was wed.

A jury heard the evidence | had _ as-

- sembled. We brought the car from Cor-

vallis, but we found no slug in its up-
holstery. Blood was there aplenty—but
of scant value to the case in view of King’s
admissions.

And because a dead girl lay with hand
beneath her—because the mighty redwood
forests brought a shade of pity to a slay-
er’s heart—because an active policeman
finger-printed a pretty girl arrested for
a petty cause—Clarence King went to San
Quentin penitentiary for the rest of his
natural life.

we

By

Mackenzie Griffin and
Lawrence Flick, Jr.

$

Paul Wendel, central figure
in this sensational story,
points out a bit of evidence
to District Attorney William
F. X. Geoghan of Brooklyn.

»

Sane oe nee sf Le SR er. om

HE old
forward
tears in }

He had just
After 44 vear
killers to jai
after a caree:

up in the courtr

as he had br
“Guilty as

Thus ended
the county sleu:
as comes to fe.

His disgra
strapping sor

of participating

nap !
The Parker

to the incredi|

~“

nected with the crime! For there was a
large-sized, heavy timber of old lumber,
like a railroad tie, tied around with that
same string.

There were two pieces of brand-new 2x4,
seven feet long; also two shorter pieces,
new, and split. There was a 1x12 board,
new lumber again, five feet long; | picked
this specimen up myself, turned it over—
and across its yellow surface was an inch-
wide band of blood!

The blood was not smeared; it seemed
to have dripped in a flowing stream and
dried. No need to be told the blood was
Father Heslin’s,

We assembled these various Pieces on
the beach and tried to make something
out of them, but could not. The shorter
bits of 2x4 had been split apart
ped; Captain Matheson picked up a rust-
ed adze, the blade of which fitted the cut
marks. The head of that adze later was
found to fit the fractures in Father Hes-
lin’s skull.

Loops of string around the railroad tie
were three in number, two and half feet
apart. What could all that odd-sized
lumber signify? We could not guess—all
we knew was that those pieces of wood

were clews. Wondering, we returned to
town. ; .
That morning Hightower, who had re-

told his flapjack story to the police, gave
his room address and the room was search-
ed. It contained a small arsenal—a_ .22
pistol, a_.30-30 rifle, cartridges, and a
bunch of weird cogwheels which High-
tower claimed to be a centrifugal machine
gun of his own invention. He said he had
offered it to Browning, the inventor, dur-
ing the War—and | thought of the recur-
rent references to firearms in that ransom
letter.

But there was another find—a detective
kicked an object which lay underneath a
gunny sack, then he leaped back and turn-
ed pale. For it was a spring gun, an in-
fernal machine! The fellow had made
an oblong frame of wood, set up ten short
lengths of steel pipe on end, poured wall
plaster to fix them in place inside the
frame; into each piece of pipe he had
neatly slipped a .12 gauge s otgun shell,
and rigged up a system of firing pins be-
hind the cartridges and a door with a
heavy spring that would slam on them
all at once! A jerk of a string would
slam that door, discharging those ten car-
tridges—the awful contraption would
carry a shower of lead for twenty feet or
so, scattering the bullets widely for lack
of gun-barrels—and one could not but
wonder if this was the string which the
man who brought the ransom money was
to follow into the thicket off the road.
If so, the ransom bearer would be killed
—but it was a short-sighted enough device,
for the ransom bills probably would have
been riddled, too!

However, the criminal mind works that

ay, : ipa
Phere was another Important object in
that room which no one Particularly no-
ticed: A tent, rolled up, under Hightower’s
bed. It was simply left there that day,

That night we held an /xaminer office
conference on these baffling clews. That
lumber meant something—but what? We
were more sure than ever that Hightower
fitted the picture, also that he was a dan-
gerous crank, He was not third-degreed
—nor was Hauptmann, other than by ex-
tended and exhaustive questioning—and
to all questions Hightower, like Haupt-
mann, had an explanation ready. High-
tower’s flapjack yvd of how he had
found the grave, an Hauptmann’s story
about a man named Fisch who had given
him the ransom bills as a present—yau
may take your choice. The result of out
conference was that the second successive
dawn found us back by the priest’s grave
again. We were sure something had been
overlooked,

We had the place to ourselves. We
looked carefully around for signs of brok-
en sand, and presently (on the theory
that something else might be buried) we
started to dig at the side wall of the
niche, the priest having lain at the rear,
And it wasn’t long before our shovels un-
covered a helter-shelter pile of new Ix12
boards exactly like the single one | had
picked up below-—these Were blood stain-
mn

ed, too, a half dozen number; — and
mixed up among them was a tangled mass
of that same string!

I recall that, Iighstrine as we were,

and chop-’

we all yelled: “Don’t pull that string!”

Very vivid was the memory of

tower’s infernal m
But the string
enough—and with

cracked. this case wide open.
picked it up out of the sand
and tossed it over to me wit
“What do you make out of

of our staff

It was nothing
tent-peg .. .
Just a regular

as is sold with every new

Mr. High- There could be no mistake. The square-

achine. bordered “U”, the “T” with its downward
came up harmlessly curving top, the characteristic “S” and
it came the clew that “B” and “R”, all were there. Even the
Merle Gray _ sloping of the letters, now to the right and

that?” writing—and several experts later bore

more nor less than a _ this out.
And it was my luck now to find the
machine-made peg such last and neatest link of all between this
tent. And sud- tent and the stuff we had found by the
of lumber, _ priest’s grave. Going over the bottom

denly I saw every misfit piece

every loop of mysterious
around dizzily and fall into

fectly coherent pi

a tent on that ledge!
up with tent pegs, for th

in that loose sand

wind—no, this tent
“dead men”, those h

ber tied
the guy-ropes had
loops.

The new Ix12’s
ing. And they
there had been “

e€ even were a

ly where that tent
he southerly

been seen.

cture. There
It hadn’t

, against that

been knotted

had been used as floor-
were bloodstained!
dead men” holding up
that tent, and a dead man i

nside! tower had gone out there at some time
ble to figure out exact- after the crime, had come upon the tent
had stood in the niche. and the priest’s body buried in it—had

inshore corner
shovel marks where the cliff walls had
been scraped off to a neat. square; the
tent had nestled back in that angle, its
door facing northward, the lefthand side
of its roof visible from inshore to any-
one who looked directly over the cliff.
From any other direction it couldn’t have

And now Jim Adam recalled

had been a tent under the bed in High-

tower’s room!
We lost no time

room. Here was another exclusive story,‘ itself; and it also opened the way to hand-
for our paper. The tent was still there,, writing proof that Hightower had penned
under Hightower’s bed, rolled up; we got’ the postscript on the ransom letter! The
a detective to bring it down to our office ‘last would, indeed, be Proof of guilt.

and earguad it wit

tently.
My first observa
was full of sand.

thoroughly into the canvas,

must have stood

checking with our

in getting back to that

tion was that
The

sand on
than on
Previous dedu

the righthand side had faced

breeze. We unrolled it further—and there]:
r inshore slope of th
hree-inch capitals
: “TUBERCULOSIS!” :
instantly crystal clear"!
was the cleverest pos

on the lefthand o
roof, lettered
was the grim word

Wo points were
One was that this

in‘ink in t

sible word for a kidnaper to p

victim’s tent, for

away. The other

dramatic—for it was the s,

lettering as that o
ransom letter!

a single glance at
would make any chance Passer-by fle

Point was e

You c

T th

3 days the flow started.—Mrs, P.

th a query:

string, dance
place, a per-

ese didn’t hold

had been held up by
_Neavy pieces of tim-
around with string!

care. | studied it in-'

sand had blown
So the ten
out there some days,
And there was more
hand side of the tent

ame style off
f the postscript to thd)

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now left, was the same.

had been cord, top-string,
been held !
buried by the grave!

perpetual

tent! At least it had been found in his
Toom. Precisely what was to be made
Obviously of that? _
into those Analyzing it, I could see that while this
Was a very incriminating circumstantial

So there was as yet no

showed buried the body,
thrown some of it

cliff—rolled up the

certainly the kidnap

inal’s utter stupidity. Which?
Links were still missing.

to be shown whether Hi
had penned that “TUBE

1 the tent roof,
that would require much

that there

_ghe had poreaned the
the fabric’ to the idnaping,
«would be wonderfully strong.

‘what we proved.
the right-
the left
ction that‘
the se. It was a 7x7

ified Hightower.
fedd size—and the

'Heslin. :
And a detective,
(cleverly got him
ut on na bought the tent and lettered it
it
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ank you very much. I had missed
'.» Towa.

i It required no
expert to see that it was the same hand-

wall loops, | came upon a two-inch bit of
string, slip-knotted about the loop—fish
the same peculiar string
we had found around those timbers..and
a

And—this was William A. Hightower’s

fact, apart from the handwriting evidence
roof of guilt. There
Was pretty strong indication that

buried the planking,
over the edge of the
tent, and brought it
back to his room. Bringing it there might
be an act of innocence—for it was very
tent—or it might be
simply another instance of a clever crim-

It remained
htower himself
CULOSIS” on
If he had, it was an act
explaining in

And of course if we could establish that
tent in person, prior
the circumstantial case

; And that, to put it briefly, was exactly
' The Examiner published
ithe story of the tent-peg at the grave and
[the tent in the suspect’s room—and a man
who sold tents came forward and identi-

man clearly recalled the
sale and showed his records, giving a date
itwo days before the kidnaping of Father

questioning Hightower,
to admit that he’d

For once, this man who could explain
on explanations.

only bought the tent to use as a spread-

down when he took his girl out to the
, , beach, and that was how the sand got

fresh effective ingre:

High-

tent—an

himself !

He
He had

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man’s office. To the warden he handed an envelope bearing
the great seal of the state of New Jersey.

The warden read. He turned to the assembled newspaper-
men,

“There will be no execution tonight,” he said solemnly. "An-
other man has confessed to the crime !”

To the astonished reporters the warden described the man
whose purported confession had exploded a bombshell at the
eleventh hour of the Lindbergh case.

‘He is Paul H. Wendel, 51 years old, a former church worker,
druggist and lawyer of Trenton,” the warden said. “He was
disbarred in 1922 following a nine-mpnths term in the county

10

Paul Wendel, left, was the
victim of the cruel crime which
exploded a bombshell in the
Lindbergh case. The kidnap
ladder is shown at right.

Martin Schlossman and
Harry Weiss, two of
Wendel’s torturers, are
shown below in the cus-
tody of an officer (with
badge) during the
Parkers’ trial.

workhouse on charges of perjury but was re-instated to the bar
in 1925 when the Court of Pardons ruled he had been framed.
However, in 1930 he resigned from the bar after the Ethics
committee investigated charges of forgery and conversion of
clients’ funds. He was to be tried on embezzlement charges in
1932, but 24 hours before the case was called he voluntarily
entered a sanitarium.”

One of the warden’s aides handed reporters a copy of the
confession, They noted instantly that it was witnessed by Ellis
H. Parker, detective of rural Burlington county, N. J.,
whom many of them had often glorified as the “American
Sherlock Holmes” for his solutions of more than a hundred of

STARTLING DETECTIVE

the weird «
nesses to ¢)
Anna E. B
a sort of t

The ast
stayed th
part:

“T plan
to constru
used on t
the lumbe:
side.

ADVENT


INNOCENT VICTIM

Paul Wendel was tortured into falsely
confessing to the kidnap and murder of
Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., above.
Ellis Parker, Jr., right, smiled broadly
during his trial—until the verdict came.

“It was cold in that cellar, with no light and no air and I was
kept there 10 days.

“The first night the man who had accosted me on the street
came in and said he would be back tomorrow to hear me tell him
what he wanted to know. I told him I had no idea what he
wanted to know. He went back out of the cellar and presently
the man who had stuck a gun in my ribs came in. He said I
looked like a decent sort of fellow and not a killer.

“T begged him to tell me what it was all about. His reply was
that the first man was going to ask me next day what I knew
about the Lindbergh baby.

“You think I took that baby?’ I asked.

*“Ves,’ he said.

“Why all you have to do is call up Ellis Parker or Attorney
General Wilentz,’ I told him.

“The next day the first man came back and asked me if I was
ready to spill what he wanted to know. ‘You know, Doc,’ he
said to me, ‘you can make a lot of money by confessing to the
kidnaping of the Lindbergh baby.’

“T said ‘Never! Why I was. never even on the property of
Col. Lindbergh !’

New Trial Sought

UT they insisted that I say I kidnaped the Lindbergh
baby so Bruno Richard Hauptmann could have’ a new
trial. I was to say the baby wasrtaken out the front door to save
the testimony about Hauptmann’s injured leg.
(At Hauptmann’s trial, the state contended that Bruno had
injured his leg when the ladder broke while he was descending

14

Col. Lindbergh as
he looked during the
ordeal of his son’s
kidnap and murder.

with the baby. Hauptmann’s defense was that he had hurt
himself while boating on Long Island Sound. But witnesses
testified that Hauptmann was seen limping the day after the
kidnaping. )

“This went on repeatedly between the Friday I was kidnaped
in front of my hotel and the following Sunday. During all that
time I was given no food to speak of. Finally, Sunday night, the
real torture began.

“They got a pole and fastened it above my head. They took
off my handcuffs and chained my hands to the pole above my
head. They put a band around my head. They bent my back
over an 8-inch board. Someone at the door would pull a rope
and the small of my back would hit this board behind me.

“T yelled with pain but the radio and a piano upstairs going
full blast drowned out the cries. One of the men hit me witha
rubber hose. I can still feel it across my shoulders,

“The next day they were at it again. One of them ran a hot
electric light bulb over my face dnd ears. The pain was terrible
and it burned my ear until it’s a cauliflower ear now.

“TI cried out to them, ‘My God, fellows, why do this to me?”
They answered, ‘When you confess to kidnaping the Lindbergh
baby we won’t have to do it any more.’

“Tuesday night they told me if I didn’t confess they had
orders to bury my body in a barrel of concrete and dump it in
the ocean. Wednesday an older man came and took part.

“He kicked me in the stomach. Then they spread-eagled my
legs and pulled me up by my arms, tied to a pole, until I cried,

Brien \\
(left at
Connor


cl, left. was the
cruel crime which
sombghell in the
ase. The kidnap
shown at right.

Schlossman and
Weiss, two of
Vs torturers, are
below in the cus-
an officer (with
during the
arkers’ trial.

cated to the bar
ad been framed.
itter the Ethics
conversion of
ent charges in
he voluntarily

copy ot the
thessed by Ellis
unity, Ne Jy
the “American
ia hundred of

DETECTING

the weird crimes for which New Jersey is notorious. Other wit-
nesses to the confession were Parker’s son, Ellis, Jr., and Mrs.
Anna E. Bading, his secretary, who often had been written up as
a sort of female “Watson” to Parker’s “Holmes.”

The astounding confession, which rocked the nation and
stayed the hand of doom over the head of Hauptmann, read in
part:

“I planned the entire crime in advance. The first half was
to construct the ladder. I got the idea from. the light ladders
used on the fruit farms in South Jersey. I gathered some of
the lumber around building operations and the rest on the road-
side.

ADVENTURES

Mrs. Anna Bading, secretary to Ellis Parker, Sr.,
is shown above as she testified in his behalf in the
Federal court at Newark, N. J. She was one of
the witnesses of Wendel’s repudiated confession.

“After finishing the ladder | stored it in a closet in my home.
On February 25 or 26, I put it in my car and drove to an empty
barn in Milford, not far from Hopewell, N. J. I hid the ladder
there against the time I would need it.

“March 1, 1932, I decided the time was ripe. I removed the
ladder from the barn and hid it in the bushes about a mile from
the Lindbergh home in Hopewell. I then went to my room and
wrote the first ransom note.

“The symbol I used on the note represented me and my
grievance against society which, in the first place, made it im-
possible for me to practice law and, in the second, caused me to
lose my standing as a chemist. The symbol is a combination of
the Atlantic Reporter's trademark and the simple chemical
circle which any chemist will recognize. (The Atlantic Re-
porter is a monthly legal journal.)

“The first ransom note is the only one I ever wrote.
know who wrote the others.

“After writing the note [ took supper with my family, then
put a heavy laundry bag in my car. Then I drove to Hopewell,
went up the back road and took the ladder out of the bushes.
I wore gloves.

“By that time it was dark. I put the ladder in the car, drove
up the Lindberghs’ lane and turned into a ditch about 250 yards
from the house.

“Lights were burning in the house and I could see through
the windows where everybody was.

I do not

1]


ergh as
iring the
ris son’s
murder.

e had hurt
t witnesses
after the

as kidnaped
uring all that
ay night, the

They took
le above my
ent my back

pull a rope

{ me,
stairs going
it me witha

m1 ran a hot
was terrible
this to me?’

Lindbergh

ss they had
lump it in
part.

agled my

ntil I cried,

-e

Connor, during the Parker trial.

Brien McMahon, assistant attorney general of the United States,
(left above) is shown conferring with his assistant, Richard J.
Hauptmann below, is pictured on

the witness stand as he fought vainly for his life.

the pain was so severe. Then one of them put a
lighted cigarette to my eyes and another ran the
hot light bulb over my face again.

“Thursday they went through all this torture
again. I kept saying to them, ‘I didn’t commit
this crime,’ but they kept right on. Finally, one
of them kicked me in the stomach again and I
fainted.

“On the 24th they had me so exhausted I was
willing to do anything they demanded. They told
me the boss said they simply had to get a confes-
sion out of me. They said, ‘If we don’t get this
confession we are going to bring your boy over
and pull his legs right out in front of you. We're
going to bring your wife and daughter over, too.
We're going to bump off your whole family.’

“Then they put a pistol in back of my ear and
told me they were going to bump me off right then
and there if I didn’t confess.

“IT said I had had enough, and asked them what
they wanted me to write. They brought me pen
and ink and copy of the Lindbergh ransom note
and told me to write a confession with my left
hand, imitating the writing on the note.

“T wrote the confession at their dictation. They
were satisfied. I asked them to send the confession
to my friend Ellis Parker. I asked permission to
telephone him. I told them he would tear the con-
fession right up.

“They wouldn’t let me phone Parker but they
took me to his home in a car. I rushed into his
home and told him what had been done to me and
asked him to go out and arrest the men who had
driven me to his home.

“He just sat in his chair and said, ‘Do you want
me to get my head blown off ?’

Refused To Block Roads

HEN I asked him to have the roads blocked

off but he said he had other plans. I asked
if he had gotten the confessions. He said yes,
that he had taken them to Gov. Hoffman.

“T ripped off my clothes and showed him the
marks of the torture. He said, ‘You must have
antagonized the gang. The best thing for you to
do in this matter is to go to jail for two or three
years.’

“T told him the confession wasn’t true and he
promised he’d make an investigation. I asked
him to let me call Gov. Hoffman or Attorney Gen-

-eral Wilentz but he refused, saying. ‘I’m a police

officer. I’ll arrest you and keep you in custody
while I make my investigation.’

“Then I told him I wanted a doctor. He said
he couldn’t get one but that he would take me to
New Lisbon hospital where there were a lot of
doctors. So I signed an application and he took
me there, cautioning me first not to mention my
experience...”

Wendel went on to say that he was kept prisoner
at the New Lisbon asylum for 34 days during
which time he was cajoled into writing three more
versions of the confession. Parker accomplished
that, Wendel explained, by showing him a letter
from Gov. Hoffman congratulating the detective
on Wendel’s secret arrest and advising him to
throw the whole Wendel family into jail.

Wendel said he succumbed partially because of
the threat to arrest his family and partially because
he was allowed to write a repudiation of the con-
fession which, he said Parker promised faithfully
to send in to the governor.

Parker was recalled before the grand jury. He
admitted holding Wendel at New Lisbon for 34
days but said he had done so in order to have op-
portunity to check the confessions. He denied any

[Continued on page 57]

—
wn


Who's
THROUGH

in America

N THE night of March 1, 1932, Charles

Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., was snatched
from his crib and slain, precipitating one 0
the most sensational
manhunts in the history
of the world. On April
3, 1936, more than four
years later, BRUNO
RICHARD HAUPT-
MANN was executed
for the murder of the
Lindbergh baby. Eye
witness details of that
execution, related by an
official who was in the
death chamber, will be
found on page 20 of this

issue.

Hauptmann

There were 0 " rTranging of

BARNEY FLEMMING, negro slayer,
He set the date for his own execution.
when that date came he walked to the gal-
lows at Walla Walla, Wash., and took his

medicine.

lows, the convicted man is literally jerked to
eternity. JOHN SIEMBORSKI, cop killer,
was the last man to die on the machine, whic

is to be replaced by an electric chair. The
contrivance of weights and pulleys which
once claimed the life of Gerald Chapman, no-

torious outlaw, snapped Siemborski to death
on April 7.

“rt won't hurt, will it?” asked NOR-

MAN PEACOCK, convicted of slaying

an ayed Cincinnati couple for a pair of shues,

as he walked into the death chamber at Ohio

ihe prison and sat down in the chair. It
idn’t.

Calmly discussing his
approaching exec u-
tion with the hangman,
GEORGE W. BAR-
RETT, Kentucky feud-
ist convicted of killing a
federal agent, expressed
interest in the exact pro-
cedure on the gal-
lows.

A few hours later
he was dropped to
eternity in the jail
yard at Indianapolis,
Indiana.

4

George Barrett

June, 1936
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se aeee ae nee be tome ae see * ®t Ray Brennan 16
The inside story of a letter writing Casanova who swindled
E IN THE CHAIR?...-+--+:° ‘
ct awe hen 6 eee eS Dr. Charles H. Mitchel 20
Straight from an official eye-witness comes this dramatic
account of what really went on in the Trenton death chamber.
R OF DEATH. .. . Deputy
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Death is an unseen guest at the dinner table as a middle-aged
Los Angeles couple meet a shocking fate.
SECRETS OF NEW YORK’S CRIMSON LOVE CRIME
pve eke eye ig cn bees See aes Alfred Albelli 32
Police are baffled when the body of Andrew Devola is found
in the boudoir of another man’s wife!
MISSOURI’S RIDDLE OF THE DRACULA AND THE
NUDE BEAUTY. i. scoters ee ea
_., Sergeant Frank Howland and Lew Shepherd 34
A grimly disfigured corpse, devoid of clothing, sends investi- ‘
gators on the trail of an elusive human vampire.
HOW LOVE LETTERS SOLVED FLORIDA’S MYS-
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Motes wane eee See Barton 38 GEC
Discovery of a corpse without a face leads to the unmasking
of a strange tangle of illicit love and violence. Wha
THE REAL STORY OF T ENNESSEE’S JEALOUS WIFE live
TRAGEDY...-- secrete Harold L, Zimmer 40 men
Inveterate playboy, @ young husband meets death in one of wor
most sensational triangle riddles of recent months. ms
walk
SHORT FEATURES hell-
STRAIGHT FROM HEADQUARTERS. Meee ee eens 6 PR
Taking a look at the crime picture with the editor.
THUNDER OVER SCOTTSBORO...-----° 7°" or 8 Big
Recent developments in a famous Alabama legal battle. goe:
CRIME TAKES THE RAP...-----: Melvin C. Passolt 9 Hig
A Minnesota officer discusses the crime problem. exci
PHOTO FLASHES....---+-°° Oe oe a eis gas HR ES 26 wha
Highlights of dramatic happenings in the news. big
THE LOVE SLAYING THAT SHOCKED OHIO..... 66
A short short story of a youthful passion. Fl
eee ee _ The
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MEMBER AUDIT B TREAU OF CIRCULATIONS 12

SNES ty ee aR

106

We were sitting in the shoe store. I
had one shoe off and was trying on the
new ones when I heard newsboys on the
street yelling:

“Extra! Extra!”

I knew what that meant. I grabbed for
my own shoe, slipped it on and leaving
the salesman standing there in bewilder-
ment, I grabbed Anna by the arm and
tried to thrust her into a taxicab. I
wanted to get her to our hotel suite be-
fore she was apprised of the Board’s find-
ings.

But she was too wise. She caught a
glimpse of the headlines: :

“Bruno Loses Pardon Plea!”

She made no outery. Again the “iron
woman,” although her face was ashen,
she seized me by the arm and said just as
casually as though she were asking for
a cup of tea:

“Let’s go home, Jean!” :

That was all. Not a single word was
uttered by either of us until we were
inside our room. -

Then she threw off all restraint, hurled
her hat to the floor, sprawled. over the
bed and shrieked:

“Murderers! That’s what they are!
How could they do that to my Richard?
Nobody will give him a chance. What
do they mean by Jersey Justice? Is that
Justice? They’re murdering him—that’s
what they’re doing!”

She wept a few minutes, then sprang
to her feet. ;

“Poor Richard,” she cried. “I must go
to him. I must see him. I must. He
needs me so, now. I must not cry. He
will see that I am upset.”

And, believe it or not, Anna Haupt-
mann dashed to the bathroom, washed her
face, primped and: powdered; and came
out smiling. And she was smiling when,
a few minutes later, she left me in. War-
den Mark O. Kimberling’s office and en-
tered the death house to see her hus-
band. .

She remained inside about half an hour.
And, when she emerged, she was still
smiling.

“Ach,” she said. “My Richard. He is
such a brave man. He is not afraid. He
knows he is innocent and that they can-
not kill an innocent man.. We’ll win yet—
in spite of these murderers!”

Anna was up early on the morning of

4

indented the bone of the skull so one
lobe of the brain was lacerated with re-
sulting hemorrhage. He noted also that
the bone had been pulverized as if sub-
jected to a strong pounding force.’

Dr. Carpenter’s examination did not
stop with these findings, but the full re-
sults of his work would be known only
afcer chemical and microscopic study.

Needless to say, we all inspected Hilda
Price’s clothing closely. The condition
of the garments was such that we refused
to allow newspaper men to see them,. nor |
did we discuss them.

Cannon, in his first statement, had in-
volved himself in a difficult situation. He.
had no way of knowing what Abramsky
might divulge. Therefore, when we went

to him the second time, having ‘already «

taken Abramsky’s confession, he was
forced to do some quick thinking,

I sat opposite him and studied him.
closely. He wags less confident and.
hitched about in his chair. Often he:

ped

Lrue Detective Mysteries

the day scheduled for her husband’s elec-
trocution—the second date. It was barely
dawn. She sat at the window of our hotel,
suite, facing the prison where her husband
was waiting to walk the last mile. All day
long she just sat there and gazed out
the window as though she was in a trance

As dusk dropped over the city and
the lights began to flare out, she con-
tinued to sit there, never saying a word.
Then, she turned suddenly and said:

“IT know something is going to happen.
He won’t die!”

I made no answer immediately, but si-
lently pointed to the Evening Star, flick-
ering in the darkened sky. ‘

“Anna,” I said, “when:I was a little. girl
I used to make a wish-by the first star I
saw at night. I told her the saying:

“Star light, star bright,

First star I’ve seen tonight.

Wish I might, wish I will,

Wish the wish that I wish come true
tonight.” :

Anna turned to the window a moment
and then reiterated:

“Jean, I have no fear in my heart. I
feel that nothing can happen to Rich-
ard tonight. You know that when you
feel that something is going to happen,
you get a sort of funny feeling inside.
Well, I do not have that feeling. I know
that Richard is innocent and that he will
be saved.”

We were silent then for a long time.
Eight o’clock, the hour set for Bruno’s
execution, was drawing close. We just
sat there, no talking, no movement, ex-
cept, every once in a while, Anna would
squeeze my hand.

Then, one minute before eight, the tele-
hone rang. I answered it. It was

loyd Fisher calling from the Warden’s
office.

“Jean,” he said triumphantly, “it’s a
forty-eight hour stay. He will not go to-
night, There is still hope.”

That was all. No further particulars.
He just hung up the receiver and left
me there to break the good news to
Anna. °

I did so. And she showed not the
slightest surprise. ps
. “T was sure of it,” she said in matter-of-
fact tones. “Certain.”

And, with that, she calmly. started to
undress and climbed into bed. Within

_ Ravishing Playboy
(Continued from page 32)

He admitted he had not told the whole
truth in his-first interview. The sub-
stance of his second version, as it varied
from his other stories, was this:

E had met Hilda between 2 and 2:30

A. M., New Year’s morning, in Cather-

ine Street outside the Windsor Hotel
where he had gone with a party of friends.
Hilda was alone and she responded to his
greeting. She even accepted a drink from
the bottle of apple whiskey. They went to
a restaurant, the Little Brauhaus, where
they each had one drink and remained
for about twenty minutes. The girl
wanted to meet some friends at the Won-
der Bar, so they separated but agreed to
meet again about 4 or 4:30 a.m. Cannon
‘already had a girl waiting for him at the
-Windsor Hotel whom he planned. to drive
out into the country where she was em-

ployed and he wanted Hilda to accom-

pany them so he would’ have companion-
ship on the ride back to the city. After

hesitated. Miss Dena Mabie, of our office,| ‘leaving. Hilda he went to several places

sat with_ pencil poised over her note-|
book as Cannon began another statement.

“in the’ city looking for. his original girl

and finally, learned she was safe with

ten minutes she was sound asleep, untrou-
bled sleep like that of a baby.

Anna retained this belief that her hus-
band would escape the chair until the
moment she received word from Fisher
that he had been shocked into eternity.

I was a nervous wreck on this night be-
cause I was sure, in my own mind, that
Bruno could not escape his fate. I was
afraid for Anna, too. More than once
she had threatened to do away with her-
self if they electrocuted her husband.

I had looked over the entire suite, bed-
room and bathroom, seeing that there was
nothing—razor blades, scissors, or any-
thing—with which she might injure her-
self. I called my office and two male
reporters were sent up to join me. We
also had a physician handy in event he
was needed.

We were all prepared for the hysterics
we expected when the sad news of her
husband’s passing was broken to her. But
not quite well enough prepared.

I tried to tell her gently. But before
I even started, she sensed what had hap-
pened.

She sprang to her feet like a deer and
was inside the bathroom with the door
locked before any of us could grasp her.

I begged her. I implored her to do
nothing rash. She would not answer me.

Hysterical, she was shrieking. “Mur-
derers! Murderers! Murderers!” at the
top of her voice. Then she was silent
for some time. We feared the worst.

The two pastors came. They, too,
pleaded with her but she would pay no
attention. Then we managed to break in
the door. Anna was standing there in
front of the mirror with a damp towel,
wiping off her face.

rom that moment on, she took things
philosophically, except for a constant re-
iteration of a litany of hate for Attorney-
General David Wilentz, whom she
blamed for “railroading” her husband in-
to the electric chair.

This hatred she bears to this day, and
probably always will.

I like Anna Hauptmann, however. And
by the Grace of God I hope I am never
to be confronted with such a gruelling
ordeal as she underwent. But, if I should,
I'd like to be able to “take it” in as loyal
a spirit to her husband as she showed—
should I have a husband.

friends, so he abandoned plans for the
drive and went to the Hotel Campbell
to meet Louis Abramsky. Together they
started out to find Hilda at about four
o'clock. _They. saw her in Main Street
near the Wonder Bar and at that time
she was staggering as if intoxicated, When
they came up to her, she stumbled and
fell striking her head. They helped her
into the car and saw she was bleeding
from the left ear. They went back to
Abramsky’s hotel and obtained a wet
towel to bathe her head. Later they went
to Dr. Rosenthal’s office. The rest of the
wai agreed with his first recital.

There still was a wide variance be-
tween Abramsky’s statement and Can-
non’s story. We knew the latter was
lying. But Miss Mabie was permitted to
typewrite the statement for Cannon’s sig-
nature. The supper hour came and
passed. Cannon was not offered anything
to_eat.

It-was after seven o’clock when I went

im.
“Eddie, I always thought you were
smart,” I told.him. “But youre not.”

em

Hil
insist«
said.
to th
Abran
man ¢
began
drove
drivey

Can
the t
as Ab
sisted
protes
propos


Did HAUPTMANN L

{
}

{

What really took place inside the grim
death chamber of New Jersey’s state
prison on that dramatic night of April 3?

Did Bruno Hauptmann actually die in
the chair?

Did Bruno try to talk?
Did he walk unaided to the chair?
How does electricity kill a man?

These and other questions are answered,
in this authorized account of the ex-

ecution night, by a noted physician who
was an official EYE- WITNESS!

,

Innocent victim in the

case that shocked the

world, Charles Augus-
tus Lindbergh, Jr.

OCTOR MITCHELL is the one man whose official duties
required him to examine the bodies of beth the Lindbergh
baby and the man who paid with his life for the murder of the
child! As county physician of Mercer county, New Jersey, Doctor
Mitchell must affix his signature to death certificates of all who
meet accidental, violent or mysterious ends. He has been in
regular attendance at executions in the New Jersey state prison
at Trenton for the past twelve years, and in this dramatic eye-
witness story tells exactly what went on in the death chamber
when Bruno Richard Hauptmann walked the las! mile—THE
Eprror.

Pr vies chair only fitshed Hauptmann! It merely com-
pleted a slow death which had been in progress for
several weeks, a death that was nothing less than pro-

longed, slow torture.

As a physician, that is the best way I can put into the
language of the layman what I observed on the night of
April 3, from my vantage point three feet from the walnut
instrument of death in the New Jersey state prison at
Trenton when society exacted its eye for an eve from the
man convicted of having murdered Charles Augustus Lind-
bergh, Jr.

Somewhere between a cell in Condemned Row in the death
house and the threshold of the death chamber, the Grim
Reaper stretched its bat-like wings and enfolded Bruno
Richard Hauptmann, For the parchment-skinned, hollow-
eyed figure I saw entering the death chamber between two
stalwart guards—a mere skeleton of a man weighing only
about 130 pounds—was certainly more dead than alive
before any part of his body so much as touched the electric
chair !

When two thousand volts of electricity surged through
his body, when thin wisps of smoke curled upward from the
electrodes on his skull and his right leg, [ knew | was looking
at an anti-climax.

Hauptmann realized less about what was going on than
any of the half-hundred men in the death chamber! He
moved mechanically, as if in a trance. He didn't even see
the chair! He was walking right past it, headed straight
for the spot where I was standing three feet on the far side
of the instrument, despite the fact that there was absolutely
nothing to obstruct his vision. The guards had to grasp his
arms, wheel him about, and seat him,

No one else entering the death chamber from Condemned
Row could have missed seeing the chair. That was my tip-
off that the doomed man was more corpse than living being.
He had been under such an enormous physical and mental
strain in his endeavor to exercise every ounce of control at
his disposal, in order to prevent an outburst of feeling or
any act of hysteria, that his senses were numbed. [Instinct
more than anything else caused him to lurch—and lurch is
the word—into the death chamber unaided. He had probably
mentally rehearsed so many times the walk of thirty paces

DARING

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nd lurch is
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YARIN(

that constituted his “last mile” that he
could have done it in his sleep.

Three spiritual advisers  intoned
prayers, but Hauptmann didn’t answer.
He heard nothing, he saw nothing, he
felt nothing. All suffering, all fear, all
suspense—the same kind of suspense that
must have gripped the Lindberghs during
those awful days before the body of their
child was found—had been over and done
for Hauptmann some time before he took
those thirty paces. He had expiated his
crime before the law legally exacted its
penalty. So far as any reaction from the
subject went, they might just as well
have placed a manikin in the chair.

Of all the men I have ever seen come
through that door that leads to the chair,
Bruno Richard Hauptmann had the least
appreciation of his dreadful fate. If ever
a man cheated the chair, Hauptmann did!

Night Of Drama

ELDOM has so much drama enveloped
an execution as that which surrounded
Hauptmann’s. The only parallel I can
think of was when Massachusetts took
the lives of Sacco and Vanzetti.

Colonel Mark O. Kimberling, warden
of the New Jersey state prison, went
about preparations for Hauptmann’s
death with a grim determination that no
trace of the Roman holiday spirit that
characterized Hauptmann’s trial in
Flemington should intrude into the con-
fines of the prison on the fateful night.
Colonel Kimberling’s attitude pervaded
the entire institution, with the result that
the German carpenter was legally killed
in an atmosphere of justice, fairness, con-
sideration and solemnity.

My hat is off to Colonel Kimberling
for the way he handled things that night.
He could have made a mistake at any one
of a hundred steps along the way; but his
rare good judgment removed him from
even a hint of the slightest criticism.

It is understandable enough that many
hastily-written newspaper accounts of
the execution did not present an accurate
picture of just what went on. Some re-
porters had Hauptmann being carried
into the death chamber, others had him

By Doctor

CHARLES H. MITCHELL

(Right) °

County Physician, Mercer County, N. J.

As Told To

FENTON MALLORY

DETECTIVE

This composite photo, made

on a background of the death ; fi,

chamber at Trenton repro- { ony ~ *
duces the execution scene as ‘ MG ny A
nearly as possible from avail- "eo % mye

able descriptions.


er 1936

errible
| great
Lind-
nother
uld be
id un-

Laupt-
human
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Laupt-
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I got
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t there
stened
awyers

tmann
going
r cold-
mind,
ression

at the
[aupt-
n the
1 him,

What Hauptmann Revealed Just Before He Died! 57

he had been content to leave his fate in- the. hands of his |

lawyers, who well understood the English language and the
ways of American courts.

n the way back to my home in New York that night,
my wife and I discussed Hauptmann—and his wife. In our
minds, there are always two questions: Who is my neighbor?
Who neéds my help?

“I think that woman needs our help,” my wife said, re-
ferring to Mrs. Hauptmann. “I think we should go and see
her.. She is’ friendless, poor soul, and her husband stands
accused of this awful crime. Whether he is guilty or not,
she needs comfort.”

And so it was that I journeyed back to Flemington and
saw Mrs. Hauptmann. She was a woman beside herself
with grief, fear and confusion when I walked into the little
room she was occupying in the trial town. I introduced
myself in my native tongue, German, which was comforting
to Mrs. Hauptmann because she understood German much
better than English. I told her I had come to offer whatever
help and solace I could.

Bd ea is a terrible thing,” said Mrs. Hauptmann. “It is
so nice of you to come. I need all the friends and comfort
I can get. Sometimes I think I can’t go on any longer. You
have no idea what I have been through.’ She brightened
a bit. “But I will go through with it for Richard. As God
is my judge, I know that Richard is innocent.”

I tarried for more than an hour. Mrs. Hauptmann seemed
disposed to discuss the crime in connection with her husband’s

a

innocence, and so I thought it would be all right to ask a
question that had been drumming at my consciousness.

‘How does Richard,” I asked, “account«for the fact that
that shoe box full of money. was in the closétsfor several
months without his knowing what was in it?”

“The real answer to that is very simple,” replied Mrs.
Hauptmann evenly, and in a manner that indicated she was
glad I had asked this particular question. “The papers have
misrepresented the real facts about the shoe box. Everyone
thinks it strange that Richard’s friend, Isador Fisch, just
gave him a shoe box to keep while he went to Germany and
that the shoe box contained all that money. But the story
about the shoe box is not so strange when you consider that
it was only one ‘of many things that Isador Fisch gave to
my husband to hold for him. When Fisch was getting ready
to go on the trip he used to come to the house with a suit-case

), or @ box or a stack of papers and ask Richard to keep them.
‘ In other words, we were storing his belongings while he went

to Germany. The night before he went he brought the shoe
box. It was all wrapped up in brown paper and tied with
twine. He handed it to Richard (Continued on page 114)

niteecibcirovcseassteniioag

(Above) Governor Hoffman of

New Jersey (right) seen leaving

the German carpenter’s Bronx

home after he made an inspec-

tion of the premises during

his investigation of the Haupt-
mann case

4

€.

114

True Detective Mysteries

What Hauptmann Revealed Just Before He Died!

and said, ‘Oh, by the way, Richard, here’s
something else I wish you’d keep for me
while I’m away. It’s some more of my
stufi—important papers.’ Naturally, we
didn’t attach any significance to the shoe
box. It would have been entirely different
had it been the only thing Fisch gave to
Richard to keep for him.”

Mrs. Hauptmann and I got to be good
friends during that visit.

“Would you be willing to see my hus-
band?” ‘she asked.

“T would be very glad to have a talk
with him,” I said. . i

Mrs. Hauptmann smiled. “That is very
encouraging. I will see if I can get the
necessary permission. Richard would be
very glad to talk with you.”

It was not possible to get permission to
see Hauptmann during the trial. I did-
not exchange a word with the man_ until
after his removal to the death house in the
State Prison. There, after talking with
his wife, he decided he wanted me to be
his spiritual adviser and requested to see
me through written notice to Colonel
Mark ©. Kimberling, the Principal
Keeper, now Superintendent of the New
Jersey State Police.

I was led to the death house by an at-
tache of Colonel Kimberling’s office. As
we neared Hauptmann’s cell, the man who .
accompanied me quickened his pace and
reached the cell a few steps ahead of me.
“Some one to see you, Bruno,” he said
through the screen that covered the bars.
I heard a stir from within the cell, and
just as I approached, Hauptmann walked ©
to the bars. He looked at me quizzically.

“HOY do you do, Richard,” I said. I
called him by his first name to let
him know that I had only friendliness in
my heart. I wanted to get the truth out of:
the man and, therefore, I decided that my
approach to him should be friendly.

“How do you do,” he said in German,
the language we were to use _thencefor-
ward. “I suppose you are Mr. Werner, the
pastor.”

I nodded.

He looked down at the bars and at the
screen in front of them and smiled. “I
am sorry,” he said, “but you see I cannot
shake your hand.” j

“That’s all right,” I smiled in return.
“T quite understand,’ "> uty)

A guard who sat at & little desk down
the corridor came up and gave me-a stool :
on which to sit in front of the cell while
I talked. The man who had come with
me from Colonel Kimberling’s office had
quietly and quickly gone. The guard re-
turned to his desk, some. thirty feet away, ,
after he gave me the stool, leaving me_
alone with the man who had been con-
victed of the most awful’crime I had ever.
heard of. 5 iat 4

Hauptmann was the first to speak after
I was seated. He, too, had drawn a stool:
to a point right next to the bars, so that
when we put our heads close to,each other,
we were not more than a few inches apart,
“T cannot tell you,” he said in German,
“how glad I am that you are here. My
wife has told me so much about you. She
said that you were going to bring me a
German Bible. Did you bring it?”

“Yes,” I said. “The rules are that I can-
not give it to you myself.- I left it :in
Colonel Kimberling’s office and it will be
brought to you later in the day.” .

- “That is very kind of you, Pastor,” he

said. :
“Now, Richard,” I said, “I will be frank.

I attended a session of your trial, and have

talked numerous times with your wife, and

(Continued from page 57)
I have studied the testimony at the trial.

I am bewildered as to just what the real -

‘truth’ is. I have a feeling that you. have
not told everything ¥du know. I want
you to feel.that you can confide in me.
My only purpose is to help you. I shall
do anything in my power to free you of
this terrible charge if you are innocent.
I want to make one thing very plain right
at the start: J will not move a finger on
‘your behalf.unless you tell me the whole
truth and nothing but the truth. 1 WILL
NOT TOLERATE LIES.” .

Hauptmann was looking me straight in
the eyes as I spoke. When I had finished,
he said: “I quite understand, Pastor. I
want to tell you the truth. I have done
certain things in my life that have been
wrong, and J shall hold nothing back from

you. I know the picture is black, but I.

had nothing to do with the kidnapping of
that baby. I have tried to convince them
of that. Oh God, how I have tried to con-
vince them! But they won’t believe me.”

I had expected Hauptmann to make a
denial to me. If he were guilty, he had
been denying his guilt so long that it had
become a habit with him and he probably
believed himself innocent by now. I fully
understood the psychology of the situa-
tion. I couldn’t and didn’t expect him to
confess to me during that first meeting.
I was merely laying. the groundwork.
There would be months—long months—in
which to get “next” to the man.

“T do not want td to tell me anything
today, Richard,” I said. “ I want you. to
think this matter over very, very carefully.
If you have anything to tell me, you can
tell it to me when I come to see you
again next week—or later than that. Any
time you wish. Now, is there anything I

I am at‘ your service.” f

‘ “Yes, there is something you can do,
Pastor,” he said. “I wish you would al-
.ways see to it that my baby Bubi is all
right. It is so lonesome here without him.
I would give anything in the world to
see him again, even only for a few

‘ean do for you. I want you to feel that

_ minutes.”

Yi? Ge “mage I said, “would you like
me to arrange to have your baby
‘brought here to see you?” .

| It was when’ I asked that question that
'I saw Hauptmann angered for the first
time. “Certainly not!” he fairly shouted.
“I am no ‘criminal! I do not want my
baby to sée‘me in a place like this!” -

It was during my second visit to Rich-
ard, a week after the first one, that he
explained to me some puzzling angles
‘relative to his possession of the ransom
money. I. wondered why. he had hidden
the blood money in his garage instead of
notifying the authorities. I wondered why
he had not told his wife about the finding
of the money in the''shoe box, if he were
‘innocent. I. wondered why, he had gone
lout and spent the money, if it didn’t
bglong to him. as he claimed. I was
anxious to’ know just. what his reaction

‘had been, just what he had done, what he

had. wondered about Isador. Fisch, when
he found that money ‘in the shoe box,
as he said he had done. | 5

He explained the discovery of the
money in these words: “There was a leak

‘in w pipe in the. closet where Ivhad put

the shoe box.’ I am not lying there and
they: can’t say I am, for the plumber
testified about the leak. The water had
dripped. down on tgp. of the box and the
box fell apart when I lifted it. I saw all
that money and I didn’t know what to
think. Isadore Fisch owed me about seven

thousand dollars, and I wondered where
he had got all that money. I couldn't
believe my eyes. ;

“Tt was a Sunday in August when I
found the money,” he went on. “Annie
and Bubi were out. Annie is very ex-
citable, so I decided to say nothing to
her about it until I got a chance to think
it over. I didn’t want to worry her. What
good would that. have done? She would
think something was wrong, Fisch having
all that money in a shoe box. I thought
something was wrong, too, although I
didn’t know what. I used to lie awake
nights wondering where that money came
from and Annie would ask me why I
couldn’t sleep. I would have to lie to
her. People had told me stories about

Fisch being dishonest. In fact, the man’

who introduced us came to me later and
said he was sorry he had introduced us,
for he had found out Fisch was dishonest.
He said Fisch had borrowed money from
a friend in a bakery in Brooklyn that
Fisch was interested in long after the
bakery had failed and gone out of
business.

“T WENT down to the garage with the
money and closed the doors and laid

it out to dry. I counted it up and there
was more than fourteen thousand dollars.
I saw that some of the bills were gold cer-
tificates, and I knew that President Roose-
velt had made it against the law to have
gold money. So I hid the money. I
wanted to take plenty of time to think it
over, and decide what to do so as not to
get in trouble. I did not bore holes in a
oard and hide it there. I put it in a
board where I kept my carpenter’s tools.
It is a board that has holes in it to hold

chisels and hammers. Every carpenter

has one.

“T sat down and wrote a letter to Pin-

cus Fisch, Isador’s brother in Germany.
After Isador died, Pincus had written to
me and said he understood his brother
had been in some fur deals and other busi-
ness deals with me and wanted to get the
business matters settled up. I told Pincus
that Isador had left all his belongings
at my house and suggested Pincus come
to America. Well, when I found the
money, I wrote and told Pincus that he
better come to America as quickly as
possible and get things settled up. [I
decided to hold the money and say noth-
ing about it to anybody, even Pincus,
until he came over. It was my plan then
to tell him about the money and have a
settlement of the seven thousand dollars
Isador Fisch owed me. Then I figured I
would go to the authorities with seven
thousand dollars of the money and ex-
plain everything to them and get it
straightened out so that I would get seven
thousand dollars of other money for it.
Maybe I did wrong in doing as I did,
Pastor, but I think anybody in my place
would have done the same.”

“And was Pincus Fisch about to come
to America when you were arrested?”

“Yes. He had_to get an affidavit before
he could sail, saying he had business over
here, and I wrote and gave him a letter
saying the business was about his broth-

er’s affairs.” ce

- “Now, Richard,” I-asked, “if that-money
did not belong to you, why did you spend
some of it?”

“TJ did wrong there. I spent about three
hundred dollars of that ransom money,”
he answered. “Yes. that-was wrong; but
on the other hand Isador Fisch owed me
seven thousand dollars and seven thou-

sand dollars
mine.”
“And do y
me, Richard
slightest . ide
money?”
Hauptman
forehead toi
said, looking
God above
that was Li
I ,.did think
wrong abou
Fisch had gc
kind, or. th
from someb
that it was
Why should
ing any con
and the Lin

ICHAR]
the cor
yourself in :
place. I sper
in a shoe st
the Bronx.
why should
spent some
my home.
station wit
license on i
written my
that I gave
tion. Do y:
was Lindbe
have done
Would you
thing like t
Weeks pa
ard once a
ing that tin
of the Bit
that I had
of my first
missions tc
inclined to
truth, as fa:
be face to
position se\
week, and
well. I hac
story, so fai
lumber. ]
een at th
had given f
the shoe b
told me tl
Pincus Fis:
to corrob«
Pincus and

Police, ‘
on the ¢€


here
\dn’t

n I
nnie

ex-
g to
hink
Vhat
ould

the
laid
here
lars.
cer-
»0Se-
lave
. wt
ik it
rt to
in a
in a
ols.
hold
nter

Pin-
any.
n to
ther
Usi-
the
neus
rings
ome
the
t he
y as
ee
oth-
1cus,
then
ve a
ars
ed I
even
ex-
t it
even
r it.
did,
place

ome

fore
over
otter
‘oth-

PAINS ee ote nest tate

“And-do-you.mean to sit. there and tell
me, Richard;: that you did not. have the
slightest :idea ‘it was Lindbergh ransom
money??’. 4. , sae ate

Hauptmann leaned close, so - that - his
forehéad ‘touched the bar.-.“Pastor,”--he
said, looking: me straight: in the. eye, “as
God: above is-my judge, I had-no idea
that’ was Lindbergh ransom money: , Yes,
I ,did think there was something very
wrong .about the money. Maybe that
Fisch had got it ina crooked’ deal of some
kind, or; that maybe, he ,had stolen it
from’ somebody.; But I never. dreamed
that it “was ‘Lindbergh ransom money.
Why should'I? I had no reason for see-
ing any connection between Isador Fisch
and the Lindbergh money.”

[dg gener stared blankly past me at
the corridor. “Pastor,” he said, “put
yourself in my place. Put anybody in my
place. I spent some of that ransom money
in a shoe store right near where I live in
the Bronx. I had other money to spend;
why should I use that money? And I
spent some of it at a gas station near
my home. I was right there at that gas
station with my automobile and my
license on it. I might just as well have
written my name and address on that bill
that I gave to that fellow at the gas sta-
tion. bo you think that if I knew that
was Lindbergh ransom money I would
have done such a stupid thing as that?
Would you or anyone else do a stupid
thing like that?”

Weeks passed. I continued to see Rich-
ard once a week, sometimes oftener. Dur-
ing that time, he became a deep student
of the Bible—the little German Bible
that I had left for him on the occasion
of my first visit. He had made no ad-
missions to me—yet. I was strongly
inclined to believe that he was telling the
truth, as far as he had gone. You cannot
be face to face with a man in Richard’s
position several hours a week, week after
week, and not get to know him very
well. I had personally checked up on his
story, so far as I could. I talked with the
 aawengapay I talked with people who had

een at the farewell party Hauptmann
had given for Fisch, and one man recalled
the shoe box incident. Hauptmann had
told me_ that certain correspondence of
Pincus Fisch, which would have tended
to corroborate his negotiations with
Pincus and his claim that Isador Fisch

sand dollars of that money was rightfully

Police, State Troopers and newspaper men in front ‘ofthe New Jersey State Prison te

True Detective Mysteries

had owed him money, was taken from: his
apartment at ‘the time of his arrest and
was not returned to him. I went to Gov-
ernor Harold G. Hoffman and asked about
this. Govérnor Hoffman investigated,
and obtained-a’ Department of Justice in-

ventory of articles confiscated in the | °

Hauptmann apartment. The inventory °

listed several letters ‘from’ Leipzig, Ger--|) ;
many, where Pincus Fisth::lived. The’.|.:~
Governor told me the lettérsi-were now:|*

mysteriously ‘missing. ee ees Sh cd
Among other things, Richard and I
were becoming very good friends.’ He
looked forware to my visits.<. It com-
forted him, he said, to.read-the:Bible:with :
some one. I, too, looked: forward:-to- the
visits. I felt that: in-that cell of his“in.
the death house. might- 1a the. secret: 'of:
the whole horrible’ Lindbergh -affair:’ «
One day when I: called; Richard was
very discouraged... It was that day “that

he told me something: that-he had never ie

breathed to a soul: before.: t ii

“Do you: know, - Pastor,” he said, “I
really looked forward ‘to. that. trial ‘in
Flemington.” - ---- ANS Gel Se}

I was stunned. I couldn’t believe that
I had heard him right, and I'had him ‘te-
peat the statement... ; ©) 200 « ARIE

“Yes,” he said, “I thanked God: when ‘it
started—especially’ when ‘that’ old ~man
took the stand.” . - ae}

d man?” I repeated: “You ‘mean |. -

Jafsie—Dr. Condon?” — - a1 a
Richard nodded. “Yes,”: he said. :“

felt then that I would be freed. I cannot’

understand what made him change. his
mind.”

“(HANGE his mind?” I asked. “Did he
change his mind?”

“Yes, he changed his mind. Let me tell

ou about it. When I was in the jail in

lemington, before the trial, that old man
came in and sat down alongside of me in
my cell. He stared at me and said, ‘Are
you the man I talked to in the cemetery?’
I told him I had never seen him until
after I was arrested. He kept on re-
peating that question—I can still hear it
In my ears: ‘Are you the man I talked to
in the cemetery?’ I kept repeating the
same answer. The ‘old man was in my
cel] for more than an hour and that is all
he said,’ just that one question over and
over again, except a couple of little
things like ‘How are you, Richard?’ and
‘That certainly is a nice little baby you
have, Richard. I know just how you feel
about him because I had a little girl once

-

RI

“nis:

on the eve of the scheduled execution of Bruno Hauptmann for the .kidnap-murder
of Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr.

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116

myself.’ When he was through asking me
that question over and over again, Mr.
Hauck, the Prosecutor, came along and
the old man went outside the cell and
got very excited. :

“Now, Pastor,” continued Richard, look-
ing at me levelly and with intense inner
feeling, “I was right there and I remem-
ber just what the old man said to Mr.
Hauck. I remembered it very very care-
fully, because that was the happiest mo-
ment I had had since I was arrested. The
old man said to Mr. Hauck, ‘I never can
testify against this man!’ or ‘I never will
testify against this man!’ I was so excited
at the general thought of what he was
saying that I did not remember right
afterward whether he used the word ‘can’
or ‘will’ I can’t swear to it now, but I
want to repeat it to you so carefully that
I give you both possibilities.

“FTXHEN Mr. Hauck said, ‘Now don’t get
excited, Doctor, it will be all right,’ or
something like that. Then the two of
them went away. That was the last time
I saw that old man until I was in the
court-room. I was so anxious that he get
on the stand that I couldn’t wait. I
thought the time would never come when
he would go on the stand. Then when he
finally did go on the stand I was thank-
ful to God, because I knew at last that I
was going to be cleared. I did not under-
bel everything that went on around
me. The lawyers, Mr. Wilentz and Mr.
Reilly, talked so fast and used such strange
words that I did not understand. I would
have to think of the meaning of a word
when they said it and by the time I had
thought of the meaning they had said
something else and I would try to think
what that meant. Therefore, I hardly
knew what was going on. All I did know
was that they were accusing me of steal-
ing that little baby. But when Dr, Con-
don went on the stand I knew he would
clear me because of what he said outside
my cell. Then he got up and said, ‘John
is Bruno Richard Hauptmann!’ and
pointed his finger right at me. I couldn’t
believe it. I wasn’t sure that I understood
just what he was saying, but when I
looked around the court everybody was
looking at me as if they wanted to kill
me, and I knew that I heard him right.

“J was not angry at the old man. I
am not angry at him now. I think he is
a very nice, kindly man. But I was con-
fused and I am still-confused. What
made him change his mind? What did I
ever do to that old man to make him say
that after he said he would never testify
against me?” ‘

Hauptmann stopped talking and large
tears welled in his eyes.. He gripped the
bars of his cell until his’ knuckles showed
white. In that moment, I was dead sure
that Richard was speaking the truth as he
felt it, from the depths of his soul. He
was not angry. He was not vengeful. He
was bewildered, confused and deeply hurt.
He bore no malice toward ‘Dr. Condon.
But he had been bitterly disappointed in
Dr. Condon’s testimony.

I couldn’t believe that such a thing had
happened as Hauptmann said had hap-
pened in the Flemington jail. But I had
no doubt that Hauptmann believed it.
The only answer to the riddle seemed to
be that he had mistaken what Dr. Condon
told Prosecutor Anthony M. Hauck, Jr.,
an able, honorable gentleman who was as-
sociated with the Attorney General at
the trial. I had Richard repeat the al-
leged incident at the jail, and he remained
unshaken. Mr. Hauck and Dr. Condon
subsequently strongly denied the alle-
gation.

It was during the same meeting that
Richard told me something else that I
had never heard before. It was his ex-

True Detective Mysteries

planation of ‘his outburst in the court-
room when Thomas H. Sisk, a Depart-
ment of Justice agent who had partici-
pated in the questioning following Rich-
ard’s arrest, was testifying. Richard had
sprung to his feet a yelled: “Stop it.
Mister—you are lying

“That Mr. Sisk seemed like a very nice
man,” Richard told: me, “but I couldn’t
stand it any longer when he said he was
questioning me in my apartment and IJ
kept looking out of a window at the ga-
rage. The window I was looking out of is

on one side of the house and the garage is’

on the other side. It is not possible to
see the garage from that window!”

One morning last October, I found
Richard highly elated when I pa my
weekly visit. “Pastor,” he said, “guess
who was here last night!”

“T don’t know, Richard,” I replied.
“Who?”

“The Governor! Governor Hoffman!”

“That is really wonderful news,” I said.

“Tt was a wonderful visit,” he said. “It
has made me very happy. The Governor
told me he thought I was innocent!”

Richard told me all about the Gov-
ernor’s visit, the famous visit that was
not made public in the newspapers until
weeks afterward.

“The Governor came right in my cell
and sat on the cot. He did not act like
a governor at all. He acted like an old
friend, I don’t know what time it was. I
was asleep. It must have been about ten
o’clock. I heard the door of the death
chamber opening, and then a light went
on. And there was the Governor and
Colonel Kimberling.”

Richard told me in detail just what he
had told the Governor. In the main, his
story to the Governor had been the same
story he had told all along.

“The Governor asked me if I had any-
thing to tell him that I had not told be-
fore,” he said, “and I told him I didn’t.
But I did tell him about that sticky pad
some of the police gave me to take my
finger-prints after I was arrested. I told
him I wouldn’t put my fingers on that pad
because I was suspicious. I thought they
wanted to transfer a set of sticky prints
to the ladder that was found at the kid-
napping scene. They had already taken
my finger-prints more than once when
they tried to get me to put my fingers
on that sticky pad. The Governor told
me it seemed strange to him that if I were
pity may finger-prints were not on that
adder. He said that this Dr. Hudson had
found a large number of prints on the lad-
der, and that none of them were mine. I
told the Governor none of the prints on
the ladder could have been mine because
I never saw that ladder, let alone touched
it.

I MIGHT explain at this point that I
subsequently learned that Governor
Hoffman checked up gn’ Richard’s charge
that he had been suspicious that an at-
tempt would be made to fake a set of his
finger-prints, and that the Governor at-
tached great credence to the statement
because of certain substantiating evidence.
Governor Hoffman, like myself had im-
lored Richard to tell anything he might
e holding back, telling the condemned

man, as I had told him, that he would not

move a finger if he thought Richard were
lying to him. ,
“When the Governor left,” Richard said,

“he shook hands with me and said he

was convinced that I had told him the
truth. He said he had not attended the
trial, but had made ‘a careful study of the
evidence, and was very confused and
ee to hear my story from my own
lips.

On another visit to the death house

shortly afterward, I again found Richard

in high spirits. He informed me that he
had been visited two nights previously by
Ellis H. Parker, Chief of Detectives of
Burlington County, and Mr. Parker’s sec-
retary, Mrs. Anna Bading. This is the
first time that any mention has been
made of the visit of Mr. Parker and Mrs.
Bading, but I see no harm in revealing it
here because I think that Mr. Parker
has been placed in an improper light be-
cause of his activity in the case.

As on the occasion of the Governor’s
visit, Richard was asleep when his two
visitors arrived. A light was switched on
outside of his cell and he saw Colonel
Kimberling and what he took to be two
men, a young man and an old man. It
was not until Colonel Kimberling intro-
duced the two callers that Richard
realized one of them was a woman. Mrs.
Bading had dressed in her husband’s
elothes for this dramatic visit to the death
house. Richard’s cell door was unlocked,
and Mr. Parker and Mrs. Bading sat on
stools inside. Mrs, Bading took down
every single word of a two-hour interview
between Mr. Parker and Richard.

The famous detective went over every
last. detail of the crime with the con-
demned man. He, like many others, im-
plored him to tell anything he might be
holding back. “I told Mr. Parker what
I have told over and over again—that
Fisch gave me that money,” Richard said
to me. “At the end of our talk, Mr.
Parker told me that he had been question-
ing suspects for more than forty years
and that he thought he knew when a man
was lying and when he was not. He told
me that he had tried a lot of tricks on
me, but that he was sure I was telling
the truth. He said he was convinced I
was not implicated in stealing that baby,
but that he thought he knew aemalods
who was.”

“F)ID you ask Mr. Parker who he
thought was involved in the crime?”
I asked.

“Yes, but he wouldn’t tell me. He said

is evidence wasn’t complete yet. He said
he had been after someone since right
after the kidnapping.”

Time dragged on. Sometimes I would
visit Richard once a week. When pos-
sible I made two visits a week. After
the Court of Pardons—his last resort—
had ruled that he must die, he was still
hopeful. His cell was the one nearest the
death chamber. Often he would point to
it and say: “I trust in God, Pastor. I
shall never walk through there.”

On Tuesday, March 31st, the day set for
Richard’s execution, I arrived about four
o’clock in the afternoon. The execution
was set for eight o’clock that night.

I found Richard in a different cell. They
had moved him from his regular cell to
one a little distance down the corridor.
The only thing in the cell was a stool.
The guards had come to like Richard very
much. He was always considerate and
never complained. When they had been
instructed to move him that. morning, he
had been writing a farewell letter to his
wife. He nleadad to be permitted to finish
the letter, and also to take into the other
cell a picture of his baby. The guards re-
gg 4 refused.

“We hated to have to do that,” one of
the guards explained to me. “They ought
to give that poor fellow a break.”

Richard and I talked a long time. We
talked of his wife and of his baby, and
of his boyhood in Germany. There is a
big iron door that separates the death
chamber from the death house. But we
could hear them testing the chair. There
was an awful hum that f can still hear.
When that hum started, I said nothing,
just looked at Richard. He said nothing
for a while. Then he spoke. “Pastor,” he

said, “]
am gol
if my
capital
life, so
be wip
Ther:
ard’s n
bars a)
began
Richarc
lift up
whence
those
For tw
and pr
would
tric ch:
Some
six and
a knife
bars an
ard loo
spoke.
where
the gue
and lef

OM.
Ric
cell. }
the bo«
was ab
still in
I askec
was gu
about |
T hac
man’s i
be as
one hu
was a
he com
to choc
“Ricl
and m
man u!
drawin;:
you he
meet j
there s
me—so
overloc
you wi
your
Rich:
questio

nothin,

T

ing


yansom Notes with
a ays was Written
“ney mous Hu dson
reading “h,
‘alk? up ‘ke
alk, keep” pics

lis Standard pen-

used frequer,
tl
not been fount

Qg Simi] x
>”? fro arity of

es Pert
“Titing through
sthod Of execy.
ecting Stroke
“send”
letter,
X's Standard

of Tan.

if ie Lin
nt dbergh
lap Picture, But

Dergh case,
you the hitherto
Picked UD after
2 In the Bronx
ost, the Journal
gust Hartkorn

nent from Mr.
riting was the
that had been
was appearing

‘@ time, but I
his Secretary

Sera

Py ere tglyt

_ a - yee

Blowing the Lid Off the Lindbergh Crime--The Mysterious Mr. X of the Ransom Notes 9

7-o-4 ‘
[eA EE) Ee
2-72-6 RAL Dix iF VAD §:

Exhibit B. Writing indicated by “Q’s” in this exhibit is from Lindbergh ransom notes, and penmanship labelled
“S” is from standard handwriting of mysterious Mr. X. Among other things, Mr. X is an admitted master forger.
You can see how even his known writing varies by comparing the “‘y’s’’ in standard penmanship on this exhibit.
However, Pelletreau points out that even when writing is disguised, certain native characteristics of writing stick
out like a sore thumb. Compare writing in the syllable “ary,” marked 2-3-7, in second line of ransom writing with
first “‘ary,’” marked 5-1-1, in first line of Mr. X’s penmanship, and notice striking similarity. Also note how letter
“y” varies in ransom writing, just as it does in standard writing. ,

Pelletreau explains that many factors must be taken into consideration in analyzing handwriting—smoothness
and rhythm of execution, visible in line quality, relative slant, style, pen pressure, pen approach and method of
production. Lacking these factors in writing, and finding instead slow, hesitating method of production or forced
execution with different pen approach and pen pressure, expert has evidence of forgery. Pelletreau puts ransom
notes in category of forged documents, deeming it highly inconceivable that man who wrote them did not attempt to
disguise his natural hand. Pelletreau sees in ransom notes sufficient normal characteristics of Mr. X’s writing to

lead him to be willing to stake his life on belief Mr. X actually wrote notes.

Pelletreau thinks Hauptmann was mixed up in Lindbergh crime, but does not think he could possibly have written
ransom notes. The noted expert watched Hauptmann make samples of his handwriting for comparison purposes,
and then and there was convinced the German was not ransom writer. His normal penmanship bore none of charac-
teristics such as peculiar letter ‘“‘k’s’’ found in Lindbergh notes. No matter how slightly Hauptmann would have
attempted to disguise test handwriting, Pelletreau says he would have detected him instantly. ‘He was just as
unrestrained and natural as you would be making a notation on a memo pad,”’ says Pelletreau.

informed the scribes that I was also a handwriting expert.

The reporters had with them samples of Hauptmann’s
handwriting and photographs of the nursery note and tried to
get me to give them a “yes” or “no’”’ as to whether I thought
the ransom handwriting was Hauptmann’s. I evaded giving
an answer, stating that I would need time to make an analysis.

Later, one of the reporters came back with a book, on the
fly leaf of which appeared the signature of Isador Tisch, the
then-dead friend of Hauptmann’s, who, the latter avowed,
had given him the ransom money for safe-keeping. The
reporter insisted that I examine Fisch’s penmanship to see if
it resembled the writing on the nursery note.

I made a superficial examination, then stated that it was
possible that either Fisch or Hauptmann could have written
the note, but unless I had a sufficient quantity of the standard
writing of each man, I would not be in a position to give a
definite opinion. Considering the fact that there were many
ransom notes, it would have taken two or three weeks’ time
to make the kind of analysis I would have needed in order to
form a conclusive opinion.

The reporter from the Post asked me if, considering the fact
that Hauptmann had had quite a bit of the ransom money
in his possession, I thought the German carpenter was guilty.
I said that I was not familiar with the circumstances that had

resulted in his apprehension but that Hauptmann or any one
else with ransom money in his possession would have a lot
to answer for. The Post quoted me to that effect—an opinion
I still hold today. There is no question in my mind that the
man who was executed was neck-deep in Lindbergh guilt.
That’s not what concerns me. What does concern me is that
there is plenty of evidence pointing unmistakably to the fact
that at least two others were implicated in the Lindbergh
crime. ;

I was naturally interested in developments in the case. I
went to the files where Mr. Hartkorn had retained photostatic
copies of two postcards that had been given wide publicity at
the time of the kidnapping. One of these cards was addressed
to “Chas. Linberg, Princeton, N. J.,” the letter “J’’ being
printed backwards. It had been postmarked in Newark at
1:30 p.m., March 2nd, the day after the kidnapping. It read:

BABY SAFI:
INSTRUCTIONS
LATER
ACT ACCORDINGLY

Note carefully those words, ‘act accordingly.”’ Literally,
they were to rise and hit me between the eyes four years later.
The second postcard, addressed to “Col. Charles Lindenberg,

~~

; a Note aasual, formation of Fae

at)

on Se! 0 ‘as if writer first. made a letter fy

- Hauptmann’ 8. {k’s” bear no, _Fesemblance to.
“k’s."" But the “k's” made by.

“the n mysterious Mr. X, who Pelletreau swears. é


True Detective Mysteries

Expert Pelletreau’s Exhibit A, showing comparison of handwriting of mysterious Mr. X of ransom notes with

penmanship in ransom notes and in anonymous letter to Dr. Erasmus Hudson, which Pelletreau says was written Ext
by Mr. X. Five samples of writing marked ‘“‘Q’”’ are questioned writing from ransom notes and anonymous Hudson ug” is fi
letter; five samples marked ‘‘S” are standard writings of Mr. X,-dug up by investigators. Top line reading, “‘keep You ca
this too you self or...” is from anonymous letter, and four other questioned words—‘keep,”” “‘walk,” “keep’’ and i Howev'
“send”’—are from ransom notes. out like
Note how use of dots for punctuation runs through Mr. X’s writing in four of five samples of his standard pen- first ‘*?
manship in this exhibit. Note use of dots also in sentence from anonymous letter. Dots were also used frequently ty” ve
in ransom notes. This form of punctuation is very rare in handwritten correspondence, and it has not been found P
in any of Bruno Richard Hauptmann’s handwriting. and 1!
Now notice second important link between Mr. X’s writing and questioned writing—striking similarity of produ
peculiar letter “‘K”’ in sentence from Hudson letter and ‘‘k’s” in words “keep,’”’ “walk” and “keep”? from ransom execu’
notes. Pelletreau says only same man could have made all four ‘‘k’s.’’ Thus, in this exhibit alone, the noted expert notes
links ransom notes, to anonymous letter through letter “‘k’s” and anonymous letter to Mr. X’s known writing through disg”
singular use of dots as punctuation. lead
Compare word “‘or’”’ in top line with combination “‘or’’ in word “‘before’’ in standard writing. Method of execu-
tion in both combinations is identical. There is recurving of upward stroke of letter ‘“‘o” forming connecting stroke rans
to letter “‘r,’’ this stroke carrying high above top of ‘‘o,”” then forming horizontal line of ‘‘r.’’ and
Notice letter ‘‘s” in word ‘‘self’”? of Hudson communication, and compare with letter ‘‘s’’ in word ‘‘send”’ of ran- ter
som notes. In each instance it recurves, forming loop, then continues as connective stroke to next letter. att:
un

Take word “‘you”’ in top line and compare letter ‘“‘y

in it with same letter in word ‘“‘yet” of Mr. X’s standard

writing. While writing in top line is disguised, Pelletreau sees great similarity here.

surveillance about the time Jafsie paid fifty thousand dollars

Cemetery, where the ransom was paid. In one shake-down

3 . : igen . : : e rel
to ransom a corpse, and he might have gone to the chair or to episode, he used a taxi driver to deliver a note, just as did , arith
prison for life. Instead, he walks the streets of New York someone in the Lindbergh case during the ransom negotiations. ret me to

City and Chicago a free man today, perhaps the ,principal
reason why a great portion of the civilized world is firmly

Three years prior to the kidnapping, he performed an important
undercover job for Dwight W. Morrow, grandfather of the

the ranso!

awe
convinced that the execution of Hauptmann by no means then unborn kidnap victim. He had trouble with Morrow, a pers
wrote finis to the crime of the century. and afterward claimed to intimates that Morrow owed him fy leaf

The man who wrote the ransom notes must for obvious fifty thousand dollars—the exact amount of the Lindbergh then-de:
reasons be referred to here as Mr. X. His real name and all ransom. For this, he threatened to “get even’’ with Morrow. had giv
of his aliases, together with a detailed record of his criminal, - All of which fits him nicely into the kidnap picture. But c yorter
activities, are in the hands of Governor Hoffman and the _ that’s merely part of the story. Let me take you back to the Peale
editor of this magazine. He is a Russian, in his forties—keen, beginning of my connection with the Lindbergh case, then » ] ma
quick, cunning—and by his own admission before a Senate step by step to the present time, and reveal to you the hitherto oasibl
investigating committee, a master forger. At one time, he secret physical evidence against this man. the not
was in the service of the G. P. U., the dreaded Russian Secret | In September, 1934, when Hauptmann was picked up after i writitlt
Police, and later did undercover work for Scotland Yard. passing one of the ransom bills at a gas station in the Bronx, i definit
Exposed in England as an eighteen-carat scoundrel, he came reporters from three New York papers—the Post, the Journal © \ ranson"
to this country in the early nineteen twenties, and worked for and the Daily News—called at the office of August Hartkorn, ' to ma
a private detective agency in Manhattan. dean of handwriting experts, seeking a statement from Mr. form

He has turned his hand to many things—blackmail, the Hartkorn as to whether Hauptmann’s handwriting was the Th
manufacture of cosmetics, international spying, and the fo- same as the penmanship on the ransom note that had been that
menting of labor trouble in New York and New Jersey. At left in the Lindbergh nursery. Mr. Hartkorn was appearing i in hi
the time of the Lindbergh snatch, he lived in the Bronx, and _ in a will case in Scranton, Pennsylvania, at the time, but I 1 sai
frequently had occasion to be in the vicinity of St. Raymond’s was ‘doing some work in his laboratory and his secretary

Jes lene ies i —

FMA
VARA
EID OFF THE

{ : sid Et
Fe
oe ay

Nore: Mr. Pelletreau is a criminologist who has specialiaed in
handwriting and ballistics, and his services have for many years
been enlisted in puzzling cases by the United States Post Office
Department, the Treasury Department, the Buffalo and Erie
Police Departments and other nn enforcement agencies. Ie

Harold

som author!
of Jesse w.
nd ballistics

at righ t) was engaged by Governor G. Hoffman of New Jersey to
” f investigate certain angles of the Lindbergh-Hauptmann riddle,
—the top and the facts he unearthed are herewith made public for the first
: time. However, his views are his own. They are published by
-€S, and the ‘ ~ magazine as a matter of public interest for discussion, pro
; and con.—Tip.
“nmanship 4 * *
etreau adi i AUPTMANN did not write the Lindbergh ransom
e notes! B

of r, ansom | I know the identity of the man who did! So do the
i Yew Jersey authorities!
Vv

Ke The evidence I have unearthed is so strong that Governor
fe Harold G. Hoffman would order the immediate arrest of my
‘eral ‘3 a suspect were it not for the fact that certain prosecution prin- ;

A cipals who staked their reputations on the theory that Bruno

lance to Ww Richard Hauptmann was a lone wolf are, to use the Gover-
a Se nor’s exact words, “Afraid of finding an accomplice”. and
made by ; “would use their official positions to prove the man innocent

instead of working to convict him.”

‘tter COL oy

4 SWears ? Colonel H. Norman Schwarzkopf, the ex-department store :
f BS floor walker who is now Superintendent of the State Police, A Ss t ol re | to
or the pe had handed to him on a silver platter evidence on my suspect
r as early as Apel a ‘ peer ee hs geinnes of gl
Be Augustus Lindbergh, Jr. Schwarzkopf proceede to pooh-
pooh this evidence, preferring to bank on a contact with a A L A N H Y N D
7 8 pair of underworld punks to crack the case. Had he run it
ey down instead, the man in question would have been under a


darkened
y are still
2 Century

uder somehow
iat eventuality.
ch abode would
setting a warn-
n system runs
{quarters radio
ver the police
ines roaring to
before an in-
make his way
chance in ten
ind you, is on
ky enough to
‘house bent on
cy arise, Lind-
authorities to
ne of the Cen-
for a moment

hesitate to take full advantage of the power

that has been vested in them.

The code number that would be flashed
out over the police radio in the event of

any trouble at the Lindbergh penthouse has,
it is pleasing to say, never been officially
used. But there is not a policeman or a
detective assigned to duty in any of the
roving cars who wouldn’t recognize it in-
stantly. Were it flashed out, and you
chanced to pick it up on a short-wave re-

ceiving set, the alarm wouldn’t mean a’’'’

thing to you. All you would hear would
be just another number, not a frantic
announcement calling all cars to go to
an apartment at such and such an ad-
dress. .But to the men in the radio
cars, the mere mention of that number
would mean instant mobilization of the
forces of law and order, with concen-
tration on the Lindbergh living quar-
ters.

The Lindberghs were forced to lead
other than normal lives even before
little Jon first squinted his blue eyes
at the world that had dealt so cruelly
with the brother before him. Sev-
eral weeks before he was born in
August, 1932, at a time when the
hunt for the murderers of the first
baby was still at its feverish zenith,
Edward P. Mulrooney, Commis-
sioner of Police of New York, Col-
onel H. Norman Schwarzkopf,
Commander of the New Jersey
State Police, and the Chief of
Police of Englewood convened in
the library at Next Day Hill and
mapped out with Colonel Lind-
bergh a plan for the safety of
the expected baby.

One of the first things de-
cided upon was that the child
would not be born at the Mor-
row estate: It was publicl
known that Mrs. Lindberg
Was an expectant mother and
that she was at the estate, and
Lindbergh’s advisers did not
overlook the fact that the
attention being riveted on the
place might put ideas in the
mind of a crank or a mad-
man.

And so one midsummer
night a big sedan, curtains
drawn, roared out of the
winding driveway of Next
Day Fill, headed for the
general direction of New
York, Newspapermen
covering the estate to re-
port on the latest de-
Velopments there in
connection with the kid-
napping mystery were
unable to follow” the
car, for Lindbergh was
at the wheel and he is
an exceedingly fast and
capable driver. In

Another shot of
George Washington
Bridge, illustrating
precautions taken
by the Lindberghs.
The child rides in
Car No. 3, the
parents in No. 6,
Armed men fill re-
maining cars

the rear seat was Mrs, Lindbergh.
The car raced onward through the night and
presently passed over the George Washington

Bridge into New York. It sped down River-
side Drive and at length crossed town to
SONG au East Sixty-sixth Street. Finally, it came to
Serr, eg a stop before a tall stone apartment hous:
ae at No. 4, right off Fifth Avenue.

Lindbergh and his wife alighted and walked
into the building. They took the elevator
to the top floor and let themselves in to
the sumptuous apartment of Stephen

Birch, president of the Anaconda Copper
Company. It was there that prepara-

tions ‘were made for the birth of the

child. The Morrow family had formerly
occupied the apartment as a town house.
but had:sub-let it to Mr. Birch. At the
time of the Lindberghs’ arrival, the
Birch family was out of town for a
protracted stay, and had given the

Lindberghs permission to occupy the

uarters.

Employees of the apartment house

were sworn to secrecy as to the Lind-

berghs’ presence, and Jon Morrow

Lindbergh was born without fanfare

August 16th.

When Lindbergh made a formal an-
nouncement of the birth to the
ress, he did not mention where the
aby had been born. The news-
papers immediately concluded that
the child was at the estate in

Englewood, and so stated. That

was just what the police desired.

They wanted no_ outsiders to
know where the baby actually
was until they had the oppor-
tunity to observe whether or
not the announcement of its
birth was going to attract un-
due attention to Next Day
- Hill.

Fortunately, there were no
“: untoward developments, and
plans were then made to take
Jon toy Englewood. One
night, when the child was
about two weeks old, Mrs.
Lindbergh wrapped it up.

took it in her arms and,

accompanied by her hus-
band, went down into

Sixty-sixth Street and en-
tered a. waiting car. Lind-
bergh got in behind the
wheel, started the motor
and began the drive to
L:nglewood. ‘he machine
was flanked by four
other cars, two in front
and two in the rear.
They were filled with
private, city and state
police, armed to the
teeth.

The caravan retraced
the route that Lind-

bergh had taken a
month previously and

the baby was whisked

through the entrance
to the Morrow es-
tate not long before
midnight. No one
except the police,
family and __ ser-
vants were aware
of the journey.

Once inside the

expansive con-

fines of Next

Day Fill, little

\7


18 FAMOUS DETECTIVE CASES

Jon Lindbergh was to remain there for many Roving Investigator

months to come. — standing at sentry's
Prior to Jon’s birth, plans had been made to cope booth at entrance of

with any emergency that might come with the Morrow estate

future. Those plans had been carried to fulfilment
by the time the baby was taken to the estate and
they have been in force ever since. The vigilance
exercised in the child’s behalf has never for a mo-
ment relaxed. The Lindberghs have fiercely resolved
that no peril shall overtake their second son.

During midwinter, the child lives in the penthouse
that the Lindberghs rented carly in 1934. In_June,
he is taken to the Morrow summer home at North
Haven, Maine. The fall and the early winter he
spends at the Englewood estate. Nowhere is the
protective wall around the Lindbergh baby so im-
pregnable as it is in Englewood. The fact that
there are stretches of desolate woodlands on all
sides of the place, making it comparable, after
a fashion, to the big white house in the lonely
country near Hopewell, New Jersey, where the
first child was kidnapped, make such precau-
tionary measures most essential.

Literally, the Englewood estate is an
armed camp. Heavily armed __ sentries
patrol the property twenty-four hours a
day, Sundays and holidays included, and
secret underground wires connect the
estate with the highly efficient Engle-
wood Police Department and the near-
by Alpine Barracks of the State Police,
so that in the event of an emergency
the press of a button on the estate
would bring machine and riot guns,
tear-gas bombs and other devices of
modern police warfare to the scene
in ninety seconds.

The big white mansion built by
the man who might have been the
President of the United States sits
on a knoll amid a thousand acres of
woodland. Jon Lindbergh’s nursery
is on the second floor of the south
wing. A winding gravel privew sy,
half a mile in length, leads from the
outer edge of the property to the
mansion itself. At the entrance to
this driveway there is a small booth
with windows that afford a view of
approaching cars while the cars are
still several hundred feet distant.
There is a guard on constant duty
there. When a car approaches, he steps
out of the booth to the entrance of the
driveway. A big chain, capable of..re-
pelling the passage of a speeding automo-
bile, is strung across the two stout stone-
and-brick pillars that stand on each side of
the driveway entrance. Thus, a car cannot
shoot past the guard and enter the grounds.

When a machine approaches, the guard
speaks to the occupants. If they have business
in the Lindbergh estate, he knows all about it in
advance, because callers must make appointments
with members of the household in advance, and
state exactly what time they are to be expected.

Suppose then, that Mr. Blank has an appointment
with Colonel Lindbergh and drives up in his car
at eight o'clock at night. The guard approaches the
machine as it comes to its compulsory stop at the
entrance and asks the driver who he is and_ the
nature of his business. If the caller’s answers check
with the guard’s information, the chain is removed
from the pillars and the car enters the grounds. The
guard replaces the chain, then steps into the booth.
There he takes the receiver from a telephone, which
instantly flashes a signal in the Morrow residence.
One of the guards on duty there is informed that P ,
it is Mr. Blank’s car that is coming up the driveway. (Center) Aerial view of

Sometimes, when several visitors well known to Morrow property. en)
the Lindberghs are expected about the same time, Roving Investigator indicates
the chain is not placed across the entrance, the chained gate that is never opened

48 Me Pe Pel

YORARRE E db a” Oe

WIR


friends. When coming and going, the flier and his wife
frequently use a side entrance so that their address will
not become known.

The elevator men, the doormen and other attachés of the
house are sworn to secrecy regarding the Lindberghs, under
threat by the management of instant dismissal. The police,
taking no chances, have gone to the extent of checking up
on the lives and habits of riot only the employees of the
place, but the tenants. If a prospective tenant wants to
lease an apartment in the building, his life record is thor-
oughly scrutinized before he is permitted to move in. ~

All strangers who enter the building are subjected to close
surveillance by employees and detectives. The same_ holds
true of anyone who loiters for any length of time in’ the
general vicinity. It just isn’t healthy to hang around the
neighborhood. ,

Although it is virtually an impossibility to get within
hailing distance of the Lindbergh baby, those who~are .the
custodians of Jon’s safety have not neglected a single detail

(Right) It is possible to
gain entrance to Mor-
row estate, as this man
is doing, but you take
your life in your own
hands if you try it

(Below) All cars are
stopped at entrance to
Morrow estate. You e@
and the nature of your
business must be known

before you enter

PRTWATE DRIVE RY
THOROUGHFARE

16

wes) The beloved couple whose lives are darkened
y the specter of the Underworld. They are still
paying the price for the Crime of the Century

of their program of action should an intruder somehow
manage to gain access to the penthouse. In that spituality
the mere pressing of a button in the Lindbergh abode would
result in every police radio car in thé city getting a warn-
ing flash almost ‘instantly. ..A*secret alarm system runs
direct from the penthouse to the Police Headquarters radio
room. A certain code: number, sent out over the police
radio, would send half a dozen patrol machines roaring to
the entrance of the apartment building even before an in-
truder up in the penthouse had a chance to make his way
down to the street.. He wouldn’t stand one chance in ten

_ thousand of getting away. And all this, mind you, is on

the theory that an intruder would be lucky enough to
escape with his. life once he reached the penthouse bent on
illegitimate business. For should an emergency arise, Lind-
bergh’s guards have the. permission of the authorities to
shoot to kill, if necessary.. And, with the Crime of the Cen-
tury still fresh in their minds, they wouldn’t for a moment

hesitate t
that has
The co
out over
any troul
itis ple:
used. Bi
detective
roving i
stantly.
chanced |
celving s
thing to \
be just
announce
an apart:
dress. I
cars, the
would mx
forces of
tration (
ters
The |
other th:
little Jor
at the we
with the
eral wee
August,
hunt for
baby wa:
‘Tedward
sioner of
onel H.
Comman
State Px
Police of
the libra:
mapped |
bereh a
the expe
One o:
cided up:
would nx
row” esta
known 1
Was an ¢
that she \
|.indberg
overlook
attention
place mis
mind of
man.
And sv
night a }
drawn, r
winding «
Day Hill
general ¢
York,
covering |
port on
velopme
connectior
napping
unable ti
car, for |
at the wl
an exceed)
capable

Anothe
George
Bridge,
precauti
by the L
The chile
Car No
parents |
Armed m
mainir


a
at a

ie oa anNiattes BES

THE DANGER TO. THE SECOND. LINDBERGH BABY 19

Desolate outpost of the guard in the booth being familiar. with all of the
Englewood grounds. This family’s old friends. It occurred to me that at
was a perfect spot for such a time it would be a comparatively simple

matter for a car to speed right past the guard at
the entrance and go up to the house, so I asked a
member of the Englewood Police Department what
would happen in a case like that. My informant
smiled, then said:

“Just try it some time, and see.”

“But what,” I insisted, “would prevent me from
entering the grounds at such a time?”

“Nothing,” answered the man. “There would be ab-
solutely nothing to stop you from getting into the
grounds. Getting out is where you'd run into trouble.”

“Just how?” [| asked.

“Tf you were in a machine and shot past that
man at the gate, all he’d have to do would be to
flash a signal to the house and you'd find a heavily

oie reception committee waiting for you up

there.
“V’ll give you an example of what happened
to one fellow who passed the guard not long
ago. He was a taxi driver and a sort of
smart aleck. One of the Morrow servants
had been out visiting and it was pretty
late, so she got in his cab and told him to
drive to the estate. The chain wasn’t up
that night and the driver didn’t slow
down when he got to the entrance, as
he knew he should have done, but went
right past the man on duty there.
“The man on duty flashed the house

and told the guards up there that a
strange car had got past him. The

guards at the house were out on the

grounds before the taxi _was_half-
way up the driveway. That drive-
way is full of tricky bends and it’s
so long that even if you were going
sixty miles an hour, which 1s an
impossibility, it’d take you thirty
seconds to make it. On the other
hand, it only takes the man at the
gate a few seconds to get a message
to the house because there’s always
someone on duty there to receive it

“Well, this night when the taxi got

up to the house, about half a dozen

men jumped on the driver and the
driver was scared stiff. [le soon ex
plained that his offense was nothing
more than ignoring the guard at the
ee gee gate, and the presence of the servant in
a ieee ee ee ae et aa the car bore him out. So he was told
nay. : to go on his way, but never to repeat the
performance.
“Now, that man at the entrance has stand-
ing instructions to put up that chain when-
ever a car shoots past him, and he did so
that night. He waited in his booth for some

word from the house, but the men there hav-
ing satisfied themselves that nothing was wrong,

neglected to flash him back and tell him every-

thing was okay. ;
“Sq down the driveway comes the taxi driver, hell-
bent for election. He didn’t know the chain was
up and the man at the gate, not yet knowing who
he was, left the chain stay right there where it was.
The taxi hit the chain, rebounded and turned over.
It was a total wreck, or almost. Somehow or other.
the driver escaped with a shaking. up. But he
learned a lesson he’ll never forget. What happened
to him would happen to anybody else who tried
the same thing—if they weren’t pumped full ot
lead when they reached the house.”

Not a single person is permitted to enter the
portals of the Morrow estate unless the family and
(Center) Estate at the man at the entrance know all about him. The
North Haven, Maine, butcher, the baker and the candlestick maker, who

where the baby summers. necessarily drive into the grounds to make deliverics
(Above) Lonely countryside of the necessities of life, are all well known, The
surrounding Maine home Englewood — Police (Continued on page 9)

intruders—until the first


vas help-

o the at-
2 kidnap
natched
1a piece
boards

ied” the

gap and
ns were

later said:
evidence :

ial.
several
e seven

startling

ind FBI
ast nine

oorts of :

e could
2 inves-

niece of :
That's :

>ssional
iis lum-
dresser,
" apart-

lumber :

yard a few blocks from his home. Wilentz
got the jury to believe that a master carpen-
ter couldn’t compute precisely the amount
of lumber he’d need to make a ladder; that a
master carpenter would have built a ladder
that was so rickety it looked like it’d been
made by a 10-year-old for his treehouse;
that any man in his right mind wouldn’t dri-
ve to the lumber yard to get the piece of
wood he needed and instead would remove a
lot of items from the shelves in his kitchen
cupboard, climb those shelves, raise the
hatch, and hoist himself into the attic—with
his saw—to rip off a piece of floorboard.

The suspicion is strong that Bornmann
threw away one piece of the kidnap ladder
and substituted the board he himself had cut
from the attic floor.

And so it went, through every piece of
evidence presented against Hauptmann—in-
cluding the testimony of the state’s star wit-
ness, John F. Condon, who swore Haupt-
mann was the man to whom he’d passed the

“ ransom money as Lindbergh’s intermediary.

Condon was very firm in identifying
Hauptmann from the witness chair. But im-
mediately after Hauptmann’s arrest, Condon
had spoken to Hauptmann for about 20 min-
utes at the police lineup. He’d said afterward
that he could not identify the prisoner. After

leaving the lineup room, Condon had been
asked by FBI agent Leon Turrou: “Have
you seen him before?” Condon had replied:
“No. He is not the man.” Turrou, in one of
his official reports to J. Edgar Hoover, said
Condon also told him: *Hauptmann is not
the man, because he appears to be much
heavier [than the extortionist], different hair,
different eyes....”

Turrou later reported to the FBI director
that he believed Condon changed his mind
and finally identified Hauptmann at the trial
because police had forced him to do so.
(Hoover, learning from his agents many de-
tails of the growing frame-up, pulled every
FBI agent off the case after Hauptmann was
arrested, apparently because he was afraid
that if it all became public knowledge his
agency would be tarnished.)

Condon, incidentally, later wrote in his
memoirs that police did threaten him with
arrest as a member of the kidnap gang if he
persisted in refusing to identify Hauptmann,
and he told a Bronx grand jury that he was
afraid of being indicted in New Jersey.

Who actually kidnapped young
Lindbergh? There isn’t enough evidence in
the files to reach a solid conclusion, but po-
lice had a lot of evidence against
Hauptmann’s business associate, Isidor

Fisch (whom Hauptmann didn’t meet until :
months after the kidnapping). Police learned :
that Fisch was a swindler, that he dealt in :
“hot money”—they were certain it was the :
kidnap ransom money—and that he had :
bought his boat fare back to Germany with :
ransom money. Naturally they had no case :
against Fisch, because he was dead.

Mrs. Hauptmann says she will never give :
up the fight to clear her husband’s name as :
long as she has a breath left in her body. She
is upset, perhaps rightly so, that Governor :
Florio has thrown the case into the hands of :
the parole board instead of acting on the evi- :
dence himself, which he has the power to do.

“I wrote to the governor, ‘Please see me,” :
she says, “but he wouldn’t see me. That man :
would be a great man—would be ad- :
mired—if he would stand up and say, ‘We :
have the evidence. It was not his footprints :
in the mud outside the nursery window. It :
was not his fingerprints on the ransom let- :
ters. It was not his handwriting. It was not :
his ladder.’

“Governor Florio has the power of exec- :
utive clemency,” she goes on. “He doesn’t :
have to let the parole board decide. I thought :
he would have the courage to stand up and :
admit the truth. But I guess he is afraid of :
the truth.” G3

Sfeciel Iiteductry ofr!

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ene

55


HAUPTMANN, BRUNO RI®EARD

mE eae iy

HERE ARE
THE CLUES

LL America
Charles A.
Lindbergh

With the disco
slain almost with
in a roadside gr:
turned out to hur
derer of a decad

Every reader
joined in that hu:
And clues are 1
killer and leave i
bring the monst

So’ extraordin
human heart th
ized a reward «
was made to inc
state’s evidence.

Tt was not n

public interest i

the reward pro

the world was
sult in swift ju

CLUE NO. 1

Sinister 5s
ymbol used as si
tify th gnature on th anso:

e kidnapers in the rita sagas on

letter “A” are Unit

Prats

Letter
F I
¥ }
L ]
D ]
Cc

ew

a aa a

The kidnap ladder. N By pert
ap i ote its frailty and th CLUE NO
" workmanship especially shown in ihn:
inset. {
: Postcard command to th tae [4 a

e be: amily, ' |

page a |

NG DETECTIVE

ADVENT

STARTLING DETECTIVE, August, 1932


activities of his associates Dean H. Dobson-Peacock and Rear
Admiral Guy H. Burrage.

The venerable Jafsie, cooperating with the authorities and
with Colonel Lindbergh, released from his promises of secrecy
by evidence of the amazing double-dealing of the men to
whom he had tossed $50,000 over a cemetery wall, was being
conducted from city to city to examine rogue’s gallery photo-
graphs in the grim search.

His first act, after the reward announcement, was to issue a
direct appeal to one of the gang. It revealed the first name
by which this man was known to him and was published far
and wide. It read:

John: Money I gave you is useless. You can’t get rid
of it. Return to Colonel Lindbergh in time. Get your
$25,000 reward.

“Jafsie”’.

There was warning in this letter, clear evidence support-
ing the oft-published statement that Jafsie knew one of the
emissaries with whom he had dealt,. There was reference in it
to the fact that numbers of the ransom notes had been turned
over to police authorities, government agencies, banks and
the general public, that five thousand pieces of currency had
been rendered dangerous testimonials against those in whose
possession they might be found.

There was definite appeal to the cupidity of one known
emissary of the master mind who had engineered the in-
credible deed.

And it was clear that Jafsie regarded this emissary as a
minor actor in the horrible drama, as one who might tell what
he knew without prejudicing the case against the actual per-
petrator of the ghastly infanticide.

To the identity of the baby-killer himself, there were at
that hour only a few definite clues. For reasons known only
to the police in charge of the case, facsimiles of the ransom
note found in the child’s crib had not been published. Only
its language had been made public.

But with the Jafsie appeal, there was also issued facsimile
reproductions of two of the written messages which he had
received and which, according to his statement, had given

Wasted away to a pitiful skeleton, with only a ‘few shreds of tiny garments about it, the body of Charles Augustus

him the first inkling that he knew who the writer mignt ve.

Definite clues, then in the hands of the public and here
marshalled for STartLinc DETECTIVE ADVENTURES readers
were:

1. The wording of the ransom note and its sinister
symbol. ;
_ 2. Footprints found at the foot of the ladder and lead-
ing to the spot where a car had been parked.

3. The ladder used by the kidnapers.

4. Two postcards received after the crime and accepted
as authentic communications by the police.

5. The numbers of all the ransom bills as reported to
authorities.

6. Handwriting of the kidnaper or his emissary received
by Jafsie during the swindle negotiations.

Other Clues Worthless

N ADDITION to these clues, the police held one or two of

the ransom notes which had found their way into circula-
tion before the numbers were made public.

Every possible effort had been made to trace them to their
source but it was apparent that they had been most carefully
let go by the kidnapers. Tellers of banks which had han-
dled them found it impossible to remember who, in the course
of much business, had offered the currency for deposit.

_ Almost immediately after publication of the numbers of
bills included in the $50,000 swindle payment, the discovery
of currency bearing those numbers ceased.

The search for the money went on. But there was little or
no similarity in the numbers. They did not run consecutively,
Identification seemed hopeless. :

Whether the police held other clues was not known. A
shovel found near the roadsida grave of the baby had not
been definitely connected with the kidnaping murderers. The
sleeping garment of the child, said to have been turned over
to Colonel Lindbergh through Jafsie in establishing the iden-
tity of the ransom gang as the actual kidnapers, together with
the safety pins of odd design, did not give additional evidence
of the identity of the kidnapers or their emissaries.

Pye ee ae = Re yeh

; cs oad

Lindbergh, Jr., was found half buried beneath a rick of brush. William Allen, Negro, who found the baby, and
Orville Wilson, with him at the time, are shown pointing out the makeshift grave.

24

STARTLING DETECTIVE

Failu
dicated
the ran
able ps
identi’

In
sted
4 beli
the nc
Woe
keen
On
his ¢

¢
wh

mt

vosislllitien BL es whl Airaraavos

1 he | Lindy Baby Killers!

t Earle

family, '

DETECTIVE

Btaen

'

WIN $25,000 REWARD—Every American citt-

zen is urged to join the world-wide manhunt for

the dastardly slayers.

known clues to

Charles A. Lindbergh was stolen from his crib in the
Lindbergh home on Sourland Mountains in New Jersey.

With the discovery that the 20-months-old child had been
slain almost within view of the estate and the body secreted
in a roadside grave just out of Hopewell, the whole world
turned out to hunt for the most cold-blooded and brutal mur-
derer of a decade.

Every reader of STARTLING DETECTIVE ApvENTURES has
joined in that hunt, has enlisted for the duration of the search.
‘And clues are not lacking, clues that paint a picture of the
killer and leave it only to the turn of Fate to decide who shall
bring the monster to justice and read the $25,000 reward.

So extraordinary is the detective impulse in nearly every
human heart that, when the New Jersey legislature author-
ized a reward of $25,000, it was frankly declared the offer
was made to induce some member of the kidnap band to turn
state’s evidence.

It was not necessary to offer the $25,000 in order to stir
public interest in the case. That interest, in fact, commanded
the reward proposal. New Jersey legislators were told that
the world was looking to the state for action that would re-
sult in swift justice for the kidnapers.

A‘ America turned detective when the infant son of Col.

$20 DENOMINATION
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA GOLD C:
RESERVE N. ae AND FEDERAL

(Series of 1928)

vil Stn Bld Curie nite ~ is preceded by the letter “A” are

6 corti on ope

Noam of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York ed by the letter “B" are Federal Rearry«
certificates on w ie 8c nu reced: *

attire taetias tel cnet! and followed br Ue

Taner Number tener Number

F B 00005496 A J + * 00371416 A
L B 00014430 A He * 00416424 A
L B 00015798 A B * 00457256 A
4 B 00015922 * E * 00462341 A

B 00026829 A D —_* 00463738 A
$10 DENOMINATION &

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA GOLD CERTIFICATES

(Series of 1928)

Plate Plate

Latter Nember Letter Nember

I * 00004485 A A A 03541459 A

K * 00105779 A F A 03876138 A

K * 00200831 A K A 93933251 A

Cc * 00242811 A L A 4523922 A

A 00452754 A K A 04569473 A ya

F vod Jd, A DATE Sah dent

$3 DENOMINATION
UNITED STATES NOTES

(Series of 1928)

Pile Piste

Lotter Namber Letter Namber
H  —-B 00621688 A G A 06488029 A
K. _B_01008695 A L A 06498108 A
G * 01097041 A A. A 06523775 A
BA. 01238240 A CG | B 06736179 A
D 06747736. A

CLUE NO. 5 i
Government notice listing incriminating currency
numbers.

ADVENTURES

Study this analysis of all

their identity.

Dr. J. F. Condon was the key man in the investigation.
He is the “Jafsie” of want-ad negotiations which resulted in
Colonel Lindbergh’s being fleeced out of $50,000 on promise
of the safe return of the child already dead. At the time the
reward was offered, he was leading the search.

He and he alone, of all the millions who raged at the hor-
rible brutality of the crime, had seen and talked with mem-
bers of the ransom gang. He said he knew one of the men.

The fanciful story of John Hughes Curtis, Norfolk boat
builder, who had told of long continuing contact with the
kidnapers, was an admitted hoax. Curtis, guarded to. prevent
suicide, had declared the tale imaginary and discredited the

\ CLUE NO. 6
x The kidnaper’s handwriting. Notes received by “‘Jafsie”
_ during ransom swindle.

23

neck, a pair

}
)

rs, the right
brown bed-

last good-

i shaved his
at morning.

id
t
il

him that
eight. His
1 told him

vhile before.

lay

vers, Death

clock and

inked State

uc

and gold
y turn to

nes othce.

Above and at right are reproductions from
the original ransom notes. Below is a por-
tion of Hauptmann’s last letter to Gov-
ernor Hoffman. Note the striking sim-
ilarities of spelling and penmanship.

7 Ker
act

Sn Geel tha p
OE ref 4G an

“Meee Gwin 4%

Corn!
Biel et ee
i oet en, te ataecl sone Fie doe» 3p

Aa FA thee; hil way May ery ead, Cm tee
* . bd Pam

ied Mada, hohe on 4
On? Ade

pe :
ernie reel paree rete

ough-going search, the most thorough
which | had ever seen in my twelve years
of attending executions. Our coats were
removed, sleeves turned inside out, our
shoes loosed and examined, our hat-bands
fingered and our pockets slapped. This
accomplished, we stood in huddled, un-
easy groups, waiting.

An execution is always a solemn affair,
but I had never seen the witnesses behave
this way before. There is usually a pro-
fessional camaraderie. A guard will us-
ually say to me, “Hello there, Doc,” or
something similar, carrying with it an
air of friendliness. This night there was
none of that. Acquaintances merely
nodded to one another, Any words that
were spoken were clothed in whispers.
It seemed to me that time and life had
suddenly ceased to be, and that the world
stood still.

It was a few minutes after eight
o’clock. A phone jangled in Colonel
Kimberling’s office across the corridor.
“That means something,’ a man whis-
pered to me. More silence. Every eye
was on the door. Presently we heard
footsteps in the corridor. The door
opened, and Colonel Kimberling stood at
the threshold. His face was immobile.

DETECTIVE

Walter Winchell, fa-
mous New York news-
paperman, probably
gave the world more
exclusive information
on the Lindbergh kid-
naping investigation
than any other one
man. When he saw
Hauptmann’s last let-
ter and compared it
with ransom notes, he
called attention to
many points of simi-
larity, some of which
are noted above, And
he wrote in his column:
“His most recent letter
to Governor Hoffman
—is his confession—
—that he was in the
Lindbergh nursery—

that night.”


“Gentlemen,” he said, “I have just been
asked by Major Freeman, the foreman of
the grand jury, to delay the execution for
forty-eight hours while the Wendel case
is investigated. Hauptmann will not die
tonight.”

The tension had been terrific. Colonel
Kimberling’s words snapped it as a too-
taut violin string suddenly gives way. We
who were there in an official capacity
stood still in our tracks, more or less
dumbfounded. Help from an unlooked-
for quarter had again saved “the man
who couldn’t die.” Reporters bolted for
the exit. While news of the stay was
flashed to the world, the condemned man
dropped to a cot, exhausted, and was soon
sleeping like a baby. Three hours after-
ward, a mantle of sepulchre-like stillness
descended over the prison. The “dress
rehearsal” was over,

Came Friday night, April 3. Haupt-
mann’s death was set for eight o’clock.
The grand jury had failed to indict in the
Wendel case. All avenues of escape
seemed closed to the condemned man.
Only one man could possibly do anything
now—the Governor—and the Attorney
General had ruled that while a reprieve
would halt the execution, it would be
illegal. Governor Hoffman was known
to be convinced that the execution of the
German carpenter would not mean a
lution to the crime.

\s we witnesses once more gathered

within the portals, the Governor and the
Attorney General were in conference in
the capitol.

What was happening behind the closed
doors in the capitol? No one knew.
Would Hauptmann go tonight? No one
knew. But the date, the hour was set,
and once again we must retrace our steps
of Tuesday night. Outside, clouds
scudded across the moon, and the wind
from the Delaware was biting and sharp.
The guards atop the walls paced briskly
from one sentry box to another. The
crowds at the ropes had thinned to a mere
shadow of those which had filled the
streets Tuesday night. The tension
which had so noticeably gripped every
one on that occasion had fled. Inside and
out, everyone was prepared for anything.
All save Hauptmann. _ twenty minutes
before eight, when his, attorney again
bade him goodbye, saying it looked hope-
less, Hauptmann called down the corri-
dor after him: “T can’t believe I’m going.”

Again we were searched in the room
across the corridor from Colonel Kim-
berling’s office. We were next told to
proceed to the Board of Managers Room
where we must register as witnesses to
the execution. We hadn't gotten that
far the time before. The tension mounted.

Our passes were careitully checked and
we were each given a card of identifica-
tion which would admit us to the death
house. When this had been completed
we were next taken to the Center. To
this Center there is a double set of doors
connected by a short corridor. There
between those doors we were ordered to
halt while another search was made of
cur persons. It was now after eight
o’clock, the traditional and announced
time for the execution. A deep silence

fell over us. No one spoke. It was one of
the most solenin bodies of witnesses that I
had ever seen gathered in those halls
We were joined by Colonel Kimber-
ling. For a moment some of us had the

Sa a

Scarcely more than a minute after

the state took the life of the Ger-

man carpenter, this dramatic scene

was snapped as reporters rushed

out of a prison gate to flash the
news to the world.

<_«&

Attorney General David T. Wilentz
is pictured in his Trenton office as
he read a letter from Warden Mark
Kimberling requesting advice on
the Hauptmann execution. Wilentz,
who prosecuted the case, advised
that the execution could not legally

be postponed further.

DARING

oa

$o Neel


hurrying straight to the chair, others had
him dying with a defiant smirk on his
face. It is my purpose to present here a
strictly accurate record of the proceed-
ings, for [ feel that in justice to everyone
this should be done.

The drama began on All Fool's Eve.
A bright March moon splashed a weird
green light over the thick, forbidding
brownstone walls of the fortress of the
condemned. Grim-visaged guards, rifles
over their shoulders, peered from the tur-
rets. Second, Third, Federal and Cass
streets, which surround the prison, were
roped off, and 150 men in blue kept back
the surging lines of humans that had been
gathering as early as dawn.

Only accredited newspaper, magazine,
radio and newsreel workers, bearing
passes signed by Colonel Kimberling,
were permitted inside the police lines.
Giant newsreel floodlights bathed in a
cold, blue-white light the massive Egyp-
tian entrance of the prison, throwing into
grim relief the hieroglyphics, the scarabs
and the serpents on the ancient architec-
Movie cameras ground away from
the tops of cars parked in solid rank.
lashlights made sudden, blinding blobs

vellow as we witnesses, Executioner
Eliott and otl

hers with official business
inside the portals began to arrive about

seven o'clock —-an hour before the time
eduled for the exe cution,

he prisons concrete block house,

across Uhird street from the gate

vhich witnesses to the death

vomld exit. had been set aside for those

The hearse waits! In
the air view above, the
hearse which carried
Hauptmann’s body
from the prison morgue
is pictured in the yard
waiting for its burden.
In the circle at right is
the wicker basket
which contained the
kidnap-killer’s mortal
remains on the trip
from prison to funeral
chapel.

whose job it was to flash the news to the
world, and the clatter of two hundred
typewriters and almost as many tele-
graph “bugs” was deafening.

On the third floor of the county court-
house, about a mile away, a grand jury
was pondering an alleged confession by
one Paul Wendel that he, and not Haupt-
mann, had been responsible for the death
of the Lindbergh baby. In the state-
house, almost two miles away, Governor
Harold G. Hoffman sat in the executive
office, carefully surrounded by guards
following a threat of death, near a tele-
phone connected directly with Colonel
Kimberling’s office in the prison, Ina
hotel room a block from the capitol,
Hauptmann’s wife paced the floor in
anguish.

In a barren cell in the murky, silent
Condemned Row, the doomed man_ re-
peated pravers after three ministers as
he stood at the door of his cell wearing a

new white shirt, open at the neck, a pair
of new striped khaki trousers, the right
leg slit; and a pair of new brown bed-
room slippers. He had said his last good-
byes. The prison barber had shaved his
head right after breakiast that morning.
Colonel Kimberling had told him that
afternoon that he was to die at eight. His
lawyer, C. Lloyd Fisher, had told him
the same thing just a little while before.
And now, as he mumbled prayers, Death
was returning from its holiday.

I had arrived about seven o’clock an
passed between the lines of ranked State
Troopers in their bright blue and |
uniforms and was admitted in my turn ¢
a room near Colonel Kimberling’s of
There other witnesses were awaiting
search to which every one who wa
enter the death chamber that night must
submit. Tt was a very complete, t

}

DART


the room
nel Kim-
told to
rs Room
witnesses to
gotten that
n mounted.
checked and
t identifica-
the death
completed
enter. To
» set of doors
r. There
rdered to
yas made of
after eight
announced
ivep silence
t was one of
esses that I

se halls.
nel Kimber-
f us had the

: a minute after

life of the Ger-

is dramatic scene

reporters rushed

gate to flash the
> world,

David T. Wilentz
Trenton office as
. Warden Mark
- advice on
xecution, Wilentz,
he case, advised
could not legally |
ed further.

|
DARING

fleeting impression that he might have an
announcement to make—another — re-
prieve, another delay. But when Colonel
Kimberling spoke it was to give us strict
orders as to our conduct during the exe-
cution. Yes, “the man who couldn’t die”
was to go at last. The Governor, his
hands legally bound, was not going to in-
tervene.

Into The Death Chamber

N THE death chamber, our coats were

to be buttoned. Our hands were not to
be thrust into our pockets and no one was
to make a move toward a pocket, nor to
speak to anyone next him. Reporters
were warned to have their paper and
pencils in their hands. They would not
be permitted to reach into their pockets
for those articles in the death chamber.

After giving these and other explicit
instructions, Colonel Kimberling spun on
his heel and, accompanied by Colonel
Selby, the assistant warden, led us by a
devious way through the prison to the
death chamber. We passed through the
institution’s kitchen, out into the cold,
bleak yard, and around the shop buildings
to avoid being taken past a single cell.
Extreme caution was being exercised to
avoid any demonstration on the part of
the men behind the bars.

Silently, we marched through the dark

DETECTIVE

ened yards, the sky overhead illuminated
by the reflection of the floodlights which
were sweeping the outside walls.

At the door leading into the death
chamber from the rear, our cards of
identification were demanded and we
were searched for the third and last time.
This was part of Colonel Kimberling’s
rigid management of the entire pro-
ceedings. In not one instance did he fail
to preserve a decorous, solemn and dig-
nified attitude toward the discharge of
his duties. The proceedings were not
unduly rushed with a “let’s-get-it-over”
attitude, nor were they unnecessarily
delayed. Colonel Kimberling was making
ample allowance for another last-minute
development in the incredible case of the
German carpenter. Even as we were
about to enter the death chamber none of
us would have staked very much on the
belief that Hauptmann was “going.”

With the solemnity of a funeral pro-
cession we filed into the death chamber
and the witnesses, except officers, guards
and physicians, were told to be seated.
A leaden silence, broken only by an oc-
casional cough from one of us, fell over
the small room. There before us was the
grim instrument which modern science-
minded society had devised to mercifully
usher unsocial and dangerous men into
the safety of eternity—a_ stiff-backed

[Continued on page 63]

<—«&

His duty done, Colonel Mark Kin

berling, warden of the New Jerse;
state prison (wearing glasses), is €s
corted through the crowds tha
gathered in the vicinity of the pen
itentiary on the execution night. The
photo was made shortly after Colone!
Kimberling left the death chambe

Governor Harold G. Hoffman, whos

interest in the case did not die wit

Hauptmann, leaves his office

hours after the condemned man
piated his crime.

ce


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How would you feel? How would you act?
What would be your manner?

These thoughts must have flitted through
the mind of the courageous young girl, as
she stepped out from Hathaway House,
and walked over the designated route to
Milton Lower Mills.

N her hand was a rather bulky package—

the $50,000 ransom. She hurried along,

obviously frightened—just as the criminal

plotter must have expected Constance
Morrow to be.

I think a motion picture director would
have been delighted could he have seen
the emotions she registered.

Arriving in Milton Lower Mills, the girl
glanced around nervously. She took an
envelope from her hand bag, drew out a‘
map _.and inspected it. It was the black-
mailer’s instructions.

If the master criminal or one of his con-
federates were watching there, surely he
would be deceived.

She clambered aboard the bus for Matta-
pan Square: Again she consulted the map,
examining it furtively, and she glanced at
her watch. The clever impersonation was
perfect.

At Mattapan Square she changed for
the bus to Hyde Park Square. Astute
detectives. were secretly watching her.
She did not know them. Any of the men
riding with her might be a desperate crimi-
nal, ready and eager to take her life.

Perhaps the criminal plotting against
Constance Morrow knew the girl, knew
that another was trying to. impersonate her,
knew that she was an impostor and realized
that a trap had been set for him when he
saw her in possession of the letter that he
had sent his intended victim.

But the clever girl carried on, playing
her part perfectly.

devious route she had been instructed to
follow, the clever girl occasionally consulted
the map, and she was careful to act very
nervous and frightened.

It was dark when she arrived in Dedham
Center, and changed to the Westwood bus.
Ina few minutes she would be in Westwood,
and then she must walk through the dark.
ness along Grove Street, to place the pack.

stores, Try Blondex today.

During her ride on the buses along the ©

Dedham Center Square —another of the many locations which figured prominently
in the Constance Morrow case

age she was carrying as the criminal’s in-
structions demanded.

Many military decorations have been
awarded for lesser acts of courage than that
of this child, who risked her life and con-
quered her fear to carry out to perfection
the part to which she had been assigned.

The watchers in the lonely house on
Grove Street, Westwood, saw her coming
along the deserted highway. They saw
her counting the electric light posts until
she came to the sixth pole. Then she tossed
the package she had been carrying over the
wall of General Edwards’ estate, abruptly
turned and hurried away.

,it was a tense moment for the hidden
watchers. What might happen in the next
few minutes was anyone’s guess. Would
a shot rip through the darkness? Would
the girl drop with a bullet hole in her body?
Had she been recognized as an imposter?
Was a desperate crook lurking somewhere
in the shadows, waiting to grab the worth-
less package and dash away to safety?

The girl hastened away to complete her
mission, returning to a life of obscurity
after a brief flash of high adventure.

4 bees stout-hearted young woman had
completed her task, and now she
dropped out of the picture. She had played
the part of the rich man’s daughter when
terrible danger threatened, and now she
had completed the role and must return
to the modest sphere that was her humble
birthright. j :

The silent, hidden watchers waited for
the next move in the drama of crime.
Strained eyes peered out into the night
from the dark, shaded windows of that
lonely house on Grove Street. Each mo-
ment they expected a dim, furtive figure
to appear behind General Edwards’ wall to
retrieve the bundle of supposed money—
a modest fortune of $50,000—the girl had
dropped there.

It was a heart-breaking vigil. Slowly,
the night passed, and no one came. The
package brought by the girl decoy was
still there -behind the wall.

Had the criminal discovered the trap?
Or was he awaiting a more opportune
moment to recover the money his victim
had brought?

TI

that
Mor
stitr
be «
way
T)
side
be |
that
rush
secu
ther
Sc
vigil
appe
had
grea
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elen
othe
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for ¢
Con
with
her
sple:
Hay
on é
dent
wou
publ
once
Sc
beer
fron
ser\
beer


"s in-

been
\ that
con-
sction
gned.
se on
»ming
saw
until
ossed
ar the

uptly

idden
> next
Vould
Vould
ody?
ster?
where
vorth-
?

-e her
curity

had

she
layed
when
v she
-eturn
umble

od for
crime.
night
that
1 mo-
figure
yall to
ney

‘| had

lowly,
The

was

trap?
ortune
victim

There was the risk that we had taken
that he was someone who knew Constance
Morrow well enough to recognize the sub-
stitution. In that event he might already
be on the way to revenge himself for the
way he had been hoodwinked.

These were possibilities, but as I con-
sidered all the facts they did not seem to
be probabilities. It appeared more likely
that he was waiting for daylight, when the
tush of Sunday traffic would afford him
security, to garner. the package waiting
there in the rural solitude beyond the wall.

So the watchers continued: their patient
vigil. And when the Sunday newspapers
appeared we received a shock. He

Ambassador Morrow’s young daughter
had been taken to New Jersey with. ‘the
greatest secrecy, closely guarded by’ the
detectives. But once arrived there, a new
element had come into the situation—none
other than Colonel Lindbergh himself.

The daring young aviator had arranged
for a big amphibian plane, and as soon as
Constance arrived safely, he loaded her
with her sisters Anne and Elizabeth, and
her mother, aboard, and took off for the
splendid Morrow summer estate at North
Haven, Maine. This beautiful home was
on an island, and Colonel Lindbergh evi-
dently believed that his fiancee’s family
would be safely isolated there from all
publicity and molestation, thus smashing
once and for all the extortioner’s plot.

So the blackmail and death threats had .

been the reason for an unheralded flight
from New Jersey to Maine, where segret
service men and private detectives had
been rushed to protect the threatened girl.

Lindbergh had not used his own airplane
or his regular landing field in New York,
in his endeavor to get his future “kid”
sister-in-law to seclusion and safety in
North Haven as quickly and secretly as
possible. Wig

Knowing nothing of the plot, of the fears
of the Morrow family and the anxiety of
Lindbergh, the newspapers had learned of
the mysterious flight to North Haven,
and the news was published in the Sunday
papers that Constance Morrow was one of
the party that had flown to the Maine sea-
coast village on Saturday.

This revelation certainly would alarm
the blackmailer, arousing his suspicions
that he had been hoodwinked. If the
newspaper despatches were true, surely
the girl who had carried the package of

‘“money”’ to the lonely wall in Westwood °

could not have been Constance Morrow,
for she had flown to Maine with Lindbergh
in the afternoon and that evening she had
been in North Haven, nearly 300 miles
away.

At the time the supposed Milton Acad-

emy sophomore was faithfully fol-
lowing the written instructions, and travel-
ling on foot and by bus to the appointed
place on Grove Street, Westwood, Con-
stance Morrow was speeding through the
air with Lindbergh, her mother and sisters,
from New Jersey to North Haven.

Our trap obviously had failed, but every
effort still was made to keep secret all de-
tails of the astounding plot to extort
$50,000 from the Morrow family on the
very eve of the nuptials of Lindbergh and
Miss Anne Morrow.

The affair was so serious and involved
persons of such great prominence that it
seemed inevitable that the news would

True Detective Mysteries

leak somewhere... ‘The extraordinary efforts
to capture the person respofisible for the
cowardly attempt at extortion, and to safe-
guard Constance Morrow and the other
members of her family, had resulted ‘in. such
great and extensive activities’ by police,
private detectives, secret: service .men,
post-office inspectors’ and ,others, that- it
Seemed to me to be inevitable that the facts
‘would eventually become: known. . .

Colonel Lindbergh’s unheralded flight to
North Haven with the Morrow girls and
their mother probably had--spoiled the
trap set and baited in Westwood... He had
not expected the army of ubiquitous news-
paper representatives to discover so quickly
his sudden flight with his fiancée and mem-
bers of her family froma distant aviation
field to an. isolated section of the rugged
Maine coast. . Perhaps! the modesty for
which ‘‘Lindy” had become internationally
famous prevented him from ‘recognizing
the tremendous public. interest in his every
movement, and particularly in;his romance
with the pretty daughter of the American
Ambassador to Mexico.

But the newspapers did discover it, and
the story of the swift journey by air in the
big amphibian plane to the Maine Coast
was featured with flaring headlines on the

front pages of the Sunday newspapers that |

balmy May morning.

We could not and would not overlook
any chances, so the lonely, secret vigil there
in Westwood was continued throughout
that Sunday, through the long hours of
darkness that night, and on through Mon-
day and Monday night.

Perhaps, we hoped, the ‘extortionist had
not seen the name of Constance Morrow in
the newspapers, or, perhaps, he had chuckled
in the belief of his superior knowledge,
thinking that the newspapers were wrong
because he had seen the girl with his own
eyes covering the route he had specified,
apparently to deliver the demanded $50,000
at the trysting place in Westwood.

Our efforts to keep secret all details of
the astonisLing plot to extort money. from

the Morrow family were still successful..

Not a hint had leaked out. But in North
Haven, Maine, the Morrow. family and
Colonel Lindbergh were virtually prisoners

-in the beavtiful Morrow. summer home,

while armed guards kept every intruder
away from the estate. }

THE strange situation was rapidly be-

coming a great newspaper mystery.
Editors were frantic. They rushed out
their star reporters with peremptory orders
to locate ‘Lindbergh and get an interview

-with him. These journalists suspected

that a sudden, secret wedding was in the
offing. é

The way that Colonel Lindbergh and
members of the Morrow family had lately
been dodging publicity, the recent and
abrupt reticence about anything and every-
thing relating to the romantic engagement
and the arrangements for the imminent
marriage, had already become a great sur-
prise ard disappointment to the public
throughout the country.

From.Mexico City came rush messages
to big newspapers and press associations
that Ambassador Morrow had left the
American Embassy. He had slipped away
guietly, and it was understood that he
was on his way to join his family. Frantic
inquiries were made in Washington at the
offices of the State Department. Nothing

91

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True Detective Mysteries

satisfactory could be learned. It was
“understood” that the American Ambas-
sador to Mexico was leaving his foreign
post temporarily to attend to personal
affairs.

Meanwhile, the great Morrow summer
place at North Haven was in a state of
siege. An army of newspapermen con-
stituted the besieging army. Some of the
more enterprising journalists and photo-
graphers, representing rich, powerful news-
papers, were equipped with fast seaplanes
and swift motorboats.

All these tremendous efforts were futile.
Colonel Lindbergh and the Morrow family
were inaccessible. Nothing could be learned
to explain the reason for this sudden retire-
ment from the public eye, this mighty
effort at secrecy.

Through it all I knew that Colonel
Lindbergh was not seeking seclusion for
himself, or for his intended bride, Miss
Anne Morrow, but was endeavoring to
protect his fiancee’s sister, Constance
Morrow, from the possibility of harm.

A development that should have given
the newspapermen a hint of what was afoot
came on May 21st at North Haven.

A Mexican was discovered prowling in
the woods of North Haven, seeking an
opportunity to enter the Morrow estate.
He was arrested and taken into custody by
Constable Rodney Haskell.

The prisoner said he was Robert Tondera,
forty years old, and that he had come up
from Mexico to see Colonel Lindbergh.
It was the first arrest made on the island
in 200 years, and it created a sensation.

The Mexican said he had arrived at
Rockland, Maine, on Monday, May 21st,
and’that he had made the long trip from
Mexico to discuss with Lindbergh an aero-
nautical invention to which he made vague
references.

This man, whose actions at’North Haven
had aroused suspicions of the Morrow
guards, -was later. released. .A careful
check indicated that he had not been in
Milton, Massachusetts, and that he had
had nothing to do with the effort to extort
$50,000 from Constance Morrow on threat
of torture’ and death. ‘

The:next-: day, Colonel. Lindbergh again
“disappearéd.”’ “ He«had: made secret ar-
rangements’ for another’ big amphibian
plane, and late that Wednesday he climbed

into the pilot’s seat, while Mrs. Morrow,

her social secretary, Miss Josephine Graeme,
and‘ the three Morrow girls, Elisabeth,
Anne spss Conmance: found places in the
cabin. :

rue reparters in’ fast moterboats, air-
planes’ and seaplanes saw the. big am-
phibian take off from North Haven,
Colonel: Lindbergh: at’ the controls.:. :The
sudden“ move: took them by surprise, -but
the news was quickly flashed to newspaper
offices' throughout the country.

Within’an hour ‘every air field in ‘the
couritry: was being covered: by reporters.
Something was afoot,.and newspaper editors
were determined to discover what it was.
Most of them had a hunch, I have since
learned, that Lindbergh was taking the
Morrow girls and their mother back to
New Jersey to meet Ambassador Morrow,
and to prepare for the expected wedding.

* In the early dusk of May 22nd,. 1929,
Colonel Lindbergh landed the big am-
phibian plane in Hempstead Harbor, Long
Island, New York, near the great estate

of Harry F. Guggenheim, the wealthy
copper magnate who had become Lind-
bergh’s patron.

The huge amphibian plane, handled by
a master of the air, was brought to a grace-
ful stop off Sands Point, Port Washington,
and Mrs. Morrow, her three daughters and
social secretary were ferried ashore in a
waiting motorboat from the Guggenheim
fleet of luxurious craft.

Colonel Lindbergh then hopped off
again, flying across Sands Point into Man-
hasset Bay, where he anchored the am-
phibian plane.

He was taken ashore to a waiting motor
car, which quickly picked up Mrs. Morrow
and her three daughters and social secretary,
then headed for New York City.

They crossed the Hudson River by ferry
and headed swiftly for Englewood, New
Jersey, whence they had fled through the
air four days before.

All this desperate effort was futile.
Watchers for the big daily newspapers and
press associations were covering the Morrow
estate at Englewood, and within a few
minutes of Colonel Lindbergh’s arrival with
his fiancée’s mother and sisters that Wednes-
day night, the news was flashed far and
wide.

More reporters and photographers were
rushed to Englewood. The grounds of the
Morrow country estate were literally sur-
rounded by a cordon of newspaper men and
women.

Ambassador Morrow arrived and was
with his family. The situation must have
appeared to them to be intolerable.

Guards were patrolling the grounds of the
Morrow estate. Every conceivable ruse
was being attempted to get through the
armed barrier. I have heard that enter-
prising reporters impersonated garbage re-
movers in their desperate efforts to. obtain
contact with the Morrow menage and solve
the, mystery of the puzzling attempts to
seclire complete seclusion.

’ Colonel Lindbergh, evidently, had realized
,that he could not find privacy even by sud-
den, unheralded flights through the air to
distant places. And the Morrow’ family
now knew from the flaring newspaper head-
lines that everything they did was embla-
zoned far and wide in printers’ ink within a
‘few hours.

‘No member of the household ooidla ven-
‘ture beyond the limits patrolled by armed
‘guards-without being overwhelmed by a
horde of reporters: .Servants were. offered
.tempting bribes to betray secrets of the
family.

Were these all newspaper people? How
“easy it.would:be for the bold criminal who
had threatened Constance Morrow in Mil-
ton, Massachusetts, to lurk in Englewood,
- awaiting his chance to avenge the trick that

had ‘been played upon him..
~ It-is easy to .imagine the desperate
anxiety. of the Morrow family, the worry of
- the young “Lone Eagle”’ of the air, at a time
when: all his thoughts’ should have been on
his. dreams of happiness with the girl he
loved.

OLONEL LINDBERGH realized that

it was his presence in the Morrow
home, the public’s eagerness to get every
detail of his romance and his: marriage to
Anne Morrow, that held the newspaper
representatives in Englewood. Once it had
become known that he and Anne were
married and had left for their honeymoon,

the
H
fron
new
Mor
for <
repo
char
fami
Pi
the |
riche
thes
carte
spot
wom
myst
and
they
tails
the i
An

or WC
dema
from
mone
Th
Colo:
to ad
La
lacon
news|
Morr
Anne

been

moon

On


off
fan-
am-

1otor
rrow
tary,

ferry
New
1 the

utile.
3 and
rrow
few
with
-dnes-
- and

were
of the
y sur-
:n and

1 was
: have

,of the
e ruse
zh the
enter-
age re-
obtain
d solve
ipts to

realized
by sud-
> air to

family
or head-

embla-
within a

uld. ven-
y armed
2d by a
> offered
3 of the

le? How
inal who
vy in Mil-
iglewood,
rick that

desperate
- worry of
at a time
e been on
ie girl he

lized that

Morrow
get every
arriage to
newspaper
nce it had
\nne were
oneymoon,

the Morrow family would be left in peace.

How could Constance Morrow be guarded
from harm when this eager retinue of
news-gatherers remained at the gates of the
Morrow estate in Englewood. . How easy
for a desperate criminal to masquerade as a
reporter or photographer, and await his
chance to mutilate or kill a member of the
family.

Picture for yourself the situation. Here is
the luxurious home of one of the country’s
richest men, set in spacious grounds where
the skilful landscape gardener has been given
carte blanche. And.surrounding this beauty
spot created by great wealth are men and"
women ready to go to any length to solve the
mystery of why ‘‘Lindy’’ has so abruptly
and disappointingly sought seclusion, why
they are unable to secure any further de-
tails of the romance with Anne Morrow and
the impending marriage.

And Constance is threatened with death
or worse because she did not heed the sinister
demands .of April 24th to obtain $50,000
from her wealthy father and deliver the
money as had been directed.

There was one obvious solution, and
Colonel Lindbergh and Anne Morrow chose
to adopt it.

Late on Monday, May 27th, 1929, a
laconic announcement was issued to the
newspapers of the world. Ambassador
Morrow stated that his daughter, Miss
Anne Morrow, and Colonel Lindbergh had
been married and had left on their honey-
moon. 4
Only seven guests had been present, all

'Frue Detective Mysteries

members of the immediate families; There
had been no bridesmaids, no best man, no
none of the usual embellishments.
this announcement ended. the siege
e Morrow home in Englewood, New
ey. Colonel Lindbergh and his bride
ad slipped away, through the cordon of
newspaper watchers, and_ reporters and
-photographers were recalled to their offices
to receive fresh assignments, intended by
hungry editors to locate the missing honey-
mooners and secure some news of them.
Instead of a splendid wedding in June,
which millions of romantic Americans. had

expected for Charles A. Lindbergh and Anne’

Morrow, an elaborate wedding with all the
myriad, entrancing details that are — so

precious to every young girl in ‘her dreams ,

of the future, there had-been a ‘hurried,
simple ceremony .in the seclusion of the
Morrow home, with only seven close rela-
tives present.

»,But).the marriage’ announcement’ con- |
firmed the fact that the youth who had

been first to span the Atlantic by air and
the wealthy girl he loved were no longer
in Englewood, New Jersey.

The siege of the Morrow estate had been

lifted. Detectives now were able to guard
Constance Morrow efficiently. The hasty
marriage of ‘Lindy’ and Anne. Morrow had
relieved the tension of weeks.

The problem for the detectives assigned
to protect the young girl had been simpli-
fied, but it did not help us back in Milton,

- Massachusetts. We were still groping in’
the dark and the only clues were aggravat-

Boston Police Headquarters, where a World War hero was grilled in connection

with the death threat.

What happened?

93

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oF
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ft

Dr. Charles Mitchell, county phy-
sician who performed the autopsy
on the remains of a baby found
near the Lindbergh estate. Dr.
Mitchell found that the baby had
been murdered and his measure-
ments showed that the slain child
was four and one-half inches taller
than the Lindbergh baby. His
various findings are analyzed in
this article by Mr. Dunlap.

that one of the investigators, some minor
figure acting without the knowledge or
authority of the principal officials, had
sought in this manner to cover up the
bungling of his superiors.

In addition, it was barely possible that
the discovery had been accidental and

_ that only the connection of this chance
find with the Lindbergh case had actu-
ally been planned.

In order to test out these theories, I
determined to set down notes of the dif-
ference in the status of the case caused
by the finding of the body and its sub-
sequent identification, in order to see
whether this change could have served
the purposes of those I had in mind.

Here are a few of the conditions that
existed at the time which were consider-
ably changed by the discovery:

1. It will be recalled that fifty thou-
sand dollars of Lindbergh money had
already been passed at the cemetery wall

14

by “Jafsie” to the supposed abductors of

the child. An additional hundred thou-

sand had crossed the palm of Gaston
Means.

If a body had not been found, how
much more money would Colonel Lind-
bergh have had to pay out? :

This seemed to divert any possible
suspicion from persons of the Means
sort for Means himself had been put in
a precarious position by the discovery
and, presumably, it would operate to
halt other similar demands. .

It was possible, indeed probable, that
such a’method of putting a’ stop to the
doublé-crossing of the Lindberghs .and
their sympathizers, might have occurred
to the gangsters Spitale and Bitz, or
some other gang agent in sympathy with
the Lindbergh cause.

My first deductions pointed in this,

direction.

2. The case had become a national
issue. The real abductors were in ‘too
much danger to do any negotiating. The
roads were too crowded. In fact, the
chances were that the culprits had tried
many times to consummate the bargain,
but owing to the tremendous publicity
given the case and the ‘fact that every

~'tective had become disgruntled over the
-tweens, the gyp artists of the Means type 4

that the case had been terribly. bungled j
from. the. start, might. he nots have

person had turned detective, they saw
the danger in negotiating further.
Wouldn’t the finding of a child’s body
change the entire picture so that secret
contact could be resumed without inter-
ference or fear on the part of. ae
abductors? = 3
From this angle, .my. supposition
pointed to the abductors themselves as
those most likely to have planted the)
body of another baby at the spot where —
the skeleton was discovered. 170 “9 3
“3. In this connection there

was also

the original supposition that the kidnap-)

ing had been in part an inside job,
Wouldn't it have been to .the interest

of certain persons—a servant or others |

who felt themselves under: suspicion—, _
to have the national hysteria of the tg
"i RY a Ra ae MS

brought to a close?
This pointed to a possible accomplice
as having arranged for the planting of
a baby’s body where it might readily be
found. ee ED RRS. 3
4, If the body of a baby had ‘not
been found, there would have been a
chance for blackmailers or underworld
characters to’ produce some lad a few
years hence to claim inheritance or to

go into the Lindbergh home as the long

lost son, Surely this would have left |

an opening made to order for hundreds
of master swindlers. 6 885 9
But if such a person had foreseen this. j

possibility, and had planted the body, «
being careful to retain satisfactory proof
of the fact, he would have secured this
field of endeavor for himself unless other
criminals chanced to be brilliant enough
to see through the ruse," 9987 s

6. If a crank-or self appointed de-

handling of the case and had wanted to
shake out of it the gangster ~go-be- —

and the vulture-like con-men waiting in ~
the background, and if he’had realized |

wy
TARTLING D

So
ide:
Li
mi
abc
ing
phy
the
only
iden

though
the dis
pose hi

The:

, The
have |
mail tc
abrupt
condol
had he

: first,

ducto:
they «
of res!
artists
The
to the!
in ch:
from
their
rounc


*

1 of the camp |

description of
terrorized the

seen several —

everal officers
ut again they —
ng those’ who

it Fred Voide, —

- stumbled and
had been able

and shake off —

o miles square, ©
radually draw-

itter of hours.” —

ar was able to

lf miles east of
it the western

m, his
v him skulking
mp, and noted
‘red and soiled

wearing when 4

now had onia

and an old-.

Horrner had >

ack he had oc-

ingaddition to.

vaid-up life in-
Telch assigned
ain a twenty-
ace. It seemed

e young man

sooner or later,

ust 22 Patrol-
f the park po-
ide the cabin,
\e approaching
‘erbrush. They
ind waited, set
th-like quarry.
nearer—a fig-

e two officers.
he air, and a
‘Don't shoot—

3 captured.

tly because he
ing those four
en, but mostly
tt in the groin
vious Wednes-
deal of blood.
he had finally
police officers,
izens,

Horrner was
ing women as
t was absolved
r. He pleaded
1e girls’ camps
serve ten to
rin Sing Sing.

listed on the

of the unfor-

: Horrner, the

nx, have been
that these
ajured by
)

Wast

to. my amazement I found something
which seemed to me to bear out my
*theory—negatively at least. “The official
«statement follows:

ently the body of the Lindbergh baby
was found at 3:15 p. m., this date by
William. Allen, colored, of Trenton,
'N. J.,. who was riding from. Mount
‘Rose toward Hopewell. He was riding
with Mr. Orville Wilson on a truck
load of timber, d
“They stopped the truck. Allen
ent into the woods on the Mount
‘Rose hill in Mount Rose. Going under
a bush he lowered his head and, as he
‘raised his head, he saw a skeleton on
he ground..
-“He'says that what he saw had a
person’s foot. He called back to Mr.
Wilson and. Mr. Wilson ran into the
“woods, saw what it was and decided to
‘go to Hopewell and get the police.
“They notified Chief Wolfe of the
Hopewell police ‘who notified these
headquarters and Inspector Walsh of
Perey City, Sergeant Noffat of the
ewark . police, :Police Lieutenant
eaton of the Jersey State police and
a number of other detectives immedi-
‘ately went to the scene.

and a half and two years old, having
blond hair, and wearing what appeared

around the body.2* °° PEGS

4o“Statements of William Allen and
~ Orville Wilson say that the body was
pretty well concealed’ by leaves and

head.

> as though there had been an attempt
~-to-bury it face down.

“The body was in a bad state. We
could not tell how long it had been lying
there.”

There are several items which I have
italicized, to bring to the attention of
the reader in this official statement.

First, that the report says that “ap-
parently” the body of the Lindbergh
baby was found.

Second, that the colored man said he
saw a “skeleton” and

Third, that none of the officers could
state how long it had been lying there.

Also please bear in mind that the body
was found in a depression and, having
seen the spot myself, I can assure you
that no sunshine could reach the body.

Baffling Decomposition

Leite let us look into a few pertinent
facts regarding the decomposition
of a human body. I am going into this
phase of the subject to support my be-
lief that the body was too far decom-
posed to have been the body of Charles
Augustus Lindbergh, Jr.

External conditions affecting decom-
position are: air, moisture and tempera-
ture.

The influence of air is not limited to
the mere supply of oxygen, but it modi-
fies putrefaction according to the amount
of moisture it contains. For this reason,

THANK You For MENTIONING STARTLING DETECTIVE

“We have to announce that appar-

‘They reported finding the body of.
a child estimated to be between a year.

‘dirt... The skull had a hole about the .
ize of a quarter just above the fore-»

“The body was lying in a depression

he Body of the Pindberch Baby

ms Really Found?

[Continued from page 15}

dry air, such as that of arid regions,
restrains putrefaction, the body speedily
losing its fluid by evaporation and
shrivelling up into a sort of mummy.

On the other hand, bodies naked or
but slightly clothed and buried in wooden
caskets that soon decay or in shallow
graves to which the air has easy access,
will undergo speedy decomposition.

The nature of the soil and the depth
of the grave all-influence this process.
Loose sandy soil and shallow graves
favor it by ready admission of air; stiff
clayey soil and the*deep grave oppose
Ath ieee |

The temperature favorable to this process
is that between 70 and 100 degrees fahren-
heit. It commences as low as fifty but is
completely arrested at thirty-two at which
point most micro-organisms are killed.

That is the significant point. It is

necessary for the temperature to be

around 70 degrees to permit steady de-
composition. The lower the temperature
below seventy degrees, the slower the

- decomposition until it gets to 50 degrees

where the decomposition slows down

-and ceases altogether at 32.

Now, keep in mind the fact that the
body of the infant was found terribly

, decomposed—a skeleton. I am going to

show that it would have been impossible

for the Lindbergh baby to have been in

‘such a state of.decay under the climatic
“conditions of March, April and the first

to be an undershirt and a flannel band —

twelve days of May.
Before looking at the county phy-

sician’s report, let us study these weather
“reports which are from the government

records for that district and cover the
period from the time the child was kid-
naped up to and including the day of
the discovery of the body.

DAY
OF MARCH APRIL MAY
MO. High Low Av. High Low Av. High Low Ay.

45 39 42 46 39 40 63 55 59

WeIA thon
o
a
wo
~
~
a
oa
—)

The average temperature for March
was 37, for April 49, and for the twelve
days in May 55. Just think. The en-
tire average for the month of March was
little above freezing. This means that

that leads to

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ADVENTURES 63

po -iamepiaemnnay


ound in a depression
in the above picture.
cody of the kidnaped
1e time involved.

feet away in one direction,
had laid special wires to
res from the Sourland
te to the anxious world.

to me that the body had
ed. At most it had been
ly with soil, leaves and

had been lying at this spot
n erected the pole or when
ced that way, decomposi-
-e been very slow or the
mposition would have been
ms passing nearby.
rocess of putrefaction had
setting in, it must have
nvly during most of the
ard.
could the robust body of
h child have been reduced
skeleton described by the

ion, I believed, would bear
vation. I had first to es-
wndition of the body when

vas not impossible that its

PARTLING DETECTIVE

iat aii paiinaaimeammmmuaalll

as

7 ‘ 4
‘~
ovat

The cool, shaded spot in the woods near the colonel’s estate where the
body of the supposed Lindbergh baby was discovered.

hy: é A om)

tat
ida?" N
At
na»

a ¥
BN o
ul e
A

v ri i al
FS * 4 iting Vi

Mr. Dunlap pre-

sents evidence to support his contention that the body found was not that
of the kidnaped child and that it was placed here to halt the hunt.

condition had been inaccurately de-
scribed or that, for some reason, inac-
curacies had been transmitted to the
press.

I knew that it had been deemed wise
in other respects to conceal the exact
truth in order to further possible nego-
tiations with the kidnapers or to make
it possible to trap them into fatal ad-
missions,

The press was not for a long time
fully informed of the exact time of the
kidnaping. It was told merely that the
crime had been committed sometime be-
tween eight and ten o'clock on the night
of March 1. As a matter of fact, both
Mrs. Lindbergh and Betty Gow, the
child’s nurse, had visited the nursery
frequently on account of the cold from
which the baby was suffering, and it
was known that the baby was in his
crib at twenty minutes to ten.

The sleeping garments of the child
were described in the press and on the
radio as a one piece sleeping suit, size
two, of fine white balbriggan, with
stitched feet, long sleeves and a close-

ADVENTURES

fitting neck; three pearl buttons from
the crotch to the neck and three similar
buttons across the back at the hip.

In reality the suit worn by the little
fellow was of gray wool, fastened up
the back by four buttons with two addi-
tional buttons on the flapover. Also,
there were strings on the sleeves and
neck-band for adjustment. A tiny pocket
was on the upper left front.

The kidnaping symbol had been de-
scribed to the public as a triangle with
three pin-pricks whereas it was of much
different form.

These facts were not surprising. It
is often necessary to give out purposely
misleading information to give the im-
pression to culprits in a police case that
the sleuths are on the wrong track.

This also helps in weeding out tips
sent in by fans and cranks, But the
knowledge of these misleading an-
nouncements recurred to me now.

Realizing the nature of the investiga-
tion, and coming face to face with the
necessity of altering information slightly
for police purposes, I felt that the find-

ing of the body of a baby was another
instance of trying to throw the abductors
off their guard.

Mistaken Identity?

REALIZED, however, that this was

an entirely different matter. The
discovery itself could not have been
planned by the official investigation for
this involved illegal acts for which no
person in charge of such a search would
have permitted himself to be respon-
sible.

But there were others who might have
their reasons for such an act.

First, there were the kidnapers.

Second, there were gangsters who
had been generally suspected from the
first of having a part in the crime.

Third, there were gang leaders like
Salvy Spitale and Irving Bitz, chosen
by the Lindbergh family to act as gang-
land go-betweens in the case.

Fourth, there was the possibility that
some hoaxer like John Hughes Curtis
or Gaston Means; or some crank of
another description might have been
guilty.

Fifth, there was always the possibility

13


irned detective, - they, saw
negotiating further
e finding of-a child’s body
tire picture so that secret.

angle, .my. supposition
aaductors themselves as
-ely to have planted the
‘t baby at the spot where =
is discovered, ay
connection there was also
pposition that the kidna
1 part an inside job. ©
have been to the interest
ons—a servant or others -
selves under suspicion—
onal hysteria of the case
se ?

to a possible accomplice
iged for the planting of
‘here it might readily be

dy of a baby had not
‘re would have been a
‘kmailers or underworld
roduce some lad a few
claim inheritance or to
ibergh home as the long
ly this would have left
le to order for hundreds
lers, 3
person had foreseen this
had planted the body,
retain satisfactory proof
would have secured this.
r for himself unless other
‘ed to be brilliant enough
he ruse.
ik or self appointed de-
ome disgruntled over the
case and had wanted to
it the gangster go-be-
artists of the Means type
like con-men waiting in
and if he had realized
id been terribly bungled
might he not have

.TLING DETECTIVE

Soon after the pitiful skeleton was
~~ identified by the bereaved Colonel
\. Lindbergh it was taken to the cre-
- matory at Linden, N. J., shown
_ above, and cremated without hav- — -
ing been viewed by the family —
-. physician or anyone other than Ka
- >the stricken. father, who was the
“only: person to make a positive
identification, Was he. mistaken? _

thought of this method? And wouldn’t

the discovery of a body serve the pur-

'. pose he had in mind?

These were all distinct possibilities.

The results were exactly what might
have been anticipated. The flood of
mail to the Lindberghs drew to‘a,fairly
abrupt close after the final outburst of
condoling letters, The publicity which
had hampered the investigation from the
first, gradually died away. The ab-
ductors could get no more money unless
they could perform the seeming miracle
of restoring the living child. The hoax
artists were effectually stopped.

The gangland go-betweens went back
to their rackets. The police investigators
in charge of the case could now remove
from the Lindbergh estate and conduct
their further investigations in calm sur-
roundings,

The hunt, while it was now for mur-
derers instead of mere kidnapers, was
no more effective than before.

There was only one chance of failure
for such a plot and that was that Col-
onel Lindbergh might decline to make
the identification, that the family might
see through the weird design and upset
the plan.

However, it was known that there
have been many cases of mistaken iden-
tification by distracted loved ones.
Overwhelmed by grief, the Lindberghs
could not be expected to be certain one
way or the other, especially with the re-
mains little more than a skeleton and
the location and a few shreds of cloth-
ing seeming to bear out the identity.

The agencies that came to mind

ADVENTURES

Colonel - Charles

Lindbergh, accompanied by Colonel H.

Norman Schwarzkopf, head of the New Jersey State Police,

enters court to testify in the trial of John Curtis, Norfolk ship-

builder, one of the hoaxers who profited before discovery of a
body halted the hunt for the missing Lindbergh baby.

seemed to be of the sort not likely to
be balked by such a danger. If the plot
were discovered, the perpetrators were
well covered. What harm could it do
that had not already been done?

With these deductions in mind, I was
convinced from the first that such a
thing was possible. My next move must
be to study the physical evidence to learn
whether there was any known proof that
it had not been carried out.

This evidence must come, I felt, from
a study of the condition of the body and
from an examination into the circum-
stances of its identification.

I turned again to the spot where the
skeleton was found.

“Apparently” Baby Lindy

S I said before. the side of the road
was thickly wooded and_ heavily
matted with underbrush. Now, if the
body had been found twenty miles from

the estate and in the midst of a forest
a couple of hundred yards from the
road, that would have put a different
aspect on the discovery, it seemed to
me,

But, when you consider that the skele-
ton was lying just off the main highway
that led to the Lindbergh estate and that
it was not even buried, but lying on the
surface, how in the world could it hap-
pen that the body was not discovered
sooner ?

Every square foot of the entire sur-
rounding country had been gone over
many, many times. And, even as I my-
self gazed upon the spot where it had
been found, I could see evidence of con-
siderable tramping around—paths which
had been made before the body was dis-:
covered.

I turned to the official statement is-
sued to the press by the police shortly
after the discovery was made. There

[Continued on page 63]

15


sVT ORD eP ates

that X was just the type of man to have

been involved in the Lindbergh case.

But what did Schwarzkopf do? He
promptly sent back the samples, saying
that the handwriting did not bear the
slightest resemblance to that of the ran-
som notes! After a study of the com-
~« herein reproduced, would you
ave done what Schwarzkopf did, or
would you at least have thought that
there was similarity enough to warrant
further investigation.

The Governor, and Gus Lockwood, the
motor vehicle inspector, now 4 prised me
of the known facts about Mr. X—facts, it
must be borne in mind, that were dis-
closed to me after m analysis of the
man’s handwriting ha been completed.
The trail to Mr. X had been opened when
a man serving a term for petty larceny
in an institution near New York City
communicated with Governor Hoffman’s
office, saying that he wanted nothing,
that there was, in fact, nothing that the
Governor or anybody else could do for
him, but that, after thinking things over,
he decided that he had in his possession
certain information that might be per-
tinent to the Lindbergh case.

Lockwood went to the institution and
interviewed the man, who must be known
here merely as Z, in the interests of
justice.

% had first met Mr. X in 1927, when
both were in prison together. Mr. X was
in on a bigamy charge, and Z was doing
time for grand larceny. The two became
fast friends, and Mr. X revealed to
his background, that of a secret service
man in Russia and England.

“While we were in the pen,” Z told
Lockwood, “this man suggested to me on
numerous occasions that T go in with him
on a snatch he planned in New Jersey.
He said it could not go wrong, because it
involved Senator Morrow, and Morrow
would come through with fifty thousand
dollars ransom, because he owed X that
amount of money on a deal X had pulled
off for him in Mexico, @ deal Morrow
didn’t want any publicity on.

Wii kidnapping wasn’t in my line.
After I got out, I waited for X. Then

Cemetery, where the Lindbergh ransom
money was paid several years later.
often visited Z’s home, and thus became
thoroughly nequainted with the vicinity
of the cemetery.

The cosmetic business hit the depres-
sion rocks, and Mr. X, versatile if noth-
ing else, turned his hand to the easiest
dollar. He and Z (and here Z was admit-
ing partici ation in crimes for which he

bom arrested!) now went in for
blackmail. Mr. X and Z pulled a badger
game in Brooklyn, using a taxi driver
to deliver a note during one episode of
the crime, the same technique as later em-
ployed by someone in the Lindbergh ran-
som negotiations. Another job that the
two men_ were involved in was the
framing of divorce evidence against the
wife of a man living in the vicinity of St
Raymond's Cemetery, and one episode in
this affair revolved around the spot where
Colonel Lindbergh was to see the mys-
terious “man with the handkerchief” the
night of the pay-off.

In the meantime, Senator Morrow died.
But Mr. X kept suggesting that Z go
along with him on a snatch. After Mor-
row’s death, X described the snatch as
involving “a very prominent man who
lives not far from New York.” At no
time was the name of the Lindbergh baby
mentioned, but Lindbergh’s name entered
into the conversation at times in a vague

True Detective Mysteries

Plagiarism

Any one submitting a pla-
giarized story through the mail
and receiving and accepting
remuneration therefor, is guilty
of the Federal offense of using
the mails to defraud.

The publishers of TRUE DE-
TECTIVE MYSTERIES are
eager—as are all reputable
publishers—to stamp out this
form of literary theft and
piracy. We advise all maga-
zines from which such stories
are copied of such plagiarism
and co-operate with the pub-
lishers thereof to punish the
guilty persons.

sort of way. Z demurred, and eventually
he and Mr. X went on separate ways.

Then came the Lindbergh kidnapping.
7% had not seen Mr. X for some time prior
to the kidnapping; his last contact with
him having been a wire from Mr. X from
Cleveland, a wire relating to some monty
that Mr. X owed Z’s mother. This wire
was sent two weeks prior to the Lindbergh
crime. Nor has Z seen or heard from Mr.
X simce the crime.

As the Governor and Lockwood _un-
folded to me the details about Mr. X, I
was struck by the fact that he was well
suited to have played a part in the Lind-
bergh crime. ere was a man who had
been engaged in under-cover work, both
for and against the law, virtually all of
his life. He was, among other things, a
linguist. He knew the German language
and could have simulated the ransom
notes to make them appear to have been
written by a» German. He was a master
forger, by his own admission when he
was once called before a Senate investi-
gating committee. His handwriting tied
in to a “t” with the guilty penmanship,
and I defy any of the prosecution’s ex-
perts to laugh off those “k’s” and dots of
Mr. X’s. I can picture their consterna-
tion had the defense sprung these on them
during the trial!

Aside from the handwriting, the prin-
cipal thing about Mr. X that impressed
me was his motive. I had never been

rw Ne
well

ile

ney.

Back of second kidnap card. Examine it carefully and see if you

89

able to reconcile myself to the belief that
the Lindbergh baby was kidnapped solely
for ransom. The ransom seemed to me
to be but a part of the motive. Why kid-
nap the most famous bay in the world
for a mere fifty thousan dollars, when
other babies of wealthier but far less
prominent parents could have been
snatched, and held for five times that
amount? But when Z talked of Mr. X
having had it in for Dwight W. Morrow,
that began to come more into focus. Mor-
row was dead before Mr. X could strike,
so he curried his vengeance on through to
the daughter and grandson of the object
of his hatred.

Then, too, consider X’s knowledge of
St. Raymond’s Cemetery, his use of a
taxi driver in a previous crime. Does all
that not fit nicely into the picture?

Were the Governor thinks it does. I
went out and spent three solid days
and nights with Z, when he was released
from jail just before Bruno Hauptmann
went to the chair. The upshot of that was
that Z placed in affidavit form all he knew
about Mr. X. Governor Hoffman has a
copy of the affidavit. So has the editor
of this magazine. The affidavit itself re-
poses in a vault in the Hudson County
Trust Company in Jersey City.

Would you say from the foregoing that
Mr. X is a likely suspect in the Lindbergh
case? I’m not attempting here to say just
what his connection with Hauptmann
might have been. That’s not my job.

Likely suspect_or not, Mr. X walks the
streets of New York and Chicago a free
man today. Governor Hoffman will not
order his arrest. The Governor’s hands
are tied. The Legal Department of the
State of New Jersey has officially closed
the Lindbergh case. The State Police
have already turned down the samples of
Mr. X’s handwriting as having no sim-
jlarity with that of the ransom notes. 5o
that’s why Mr. X will forever remuin a
free man, so far as_the State of New
Jersey is concerned, The evidence against
him as circumstantial, the same as il, was
against Hauptmann, so far as the actual
kidnapping was concerned. A confession
would be the only thing now to link him
with the crime, and no one in New Jersey
is even going to question him. Thus he
remains unquestioned, for until now he
has never been a suspect.

The only way I see to bring Mr. X into
the picture at this late date is for the
United States Department of Justice to
act.

OU bb iw
ens tee

do not think

it was written by the writer of the first card (shown on page 86). Doesn't this

prove to you that Hauptmann wrote neither?


> Se

penta we

|. BILL G. COX
j . BILL FRANCIS

WILLIAM J. HELMER
GARY C. KING

ee JULIE MALEAR
ae DAVID NEMEC

SAMUEL ROEN
BILLIE FRANCIS TAYLOR

Crescent Books

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CONTRIBUTING WRITERS:

A CHRONOLOGY

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!

THE KIDNAPPING
OF THE
LINDBERGH BABY

Nationwide grief and sympathy poured out when

young Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., was abducted

on a raw late-winter night.

me ae

124

MARCH 1932

THE GUILT OR INNOCENCE OF BRUNO RICHARD
HAUPTMANN WILL CONFOUND SCHOLARS FOR
AGES, BUT THE DEPTH OF THE TRAGEDY WAS

NEVER IN DOUBT

Many people believe that, more than any other event, the kidnap-
ping of the Lindbergh baby deserves to be described as the “crime of
the century.” Other crimes have been more horrible, or deadlier, or
more skillfully executed. But no crime more profoundly affected the
lives of an entire nation. Charles A. Lindbergh was the greatest
American hero of his time, a handsome, reserved aviator who
achieved everlasting fame with his nonstop solo flight across the At-
lantic in 1927, This extraordinary deed had made Lindbergh an object
of public adulation to a degree previously unequaled in the annals of
popular culture. Virtually overnight he became a legendary figure
whose quiet courage and adventurous spirit moved Americans to re-
gard him as the very embodiment of their national virtue. When his
son and only child was kidnapped and subsequently murdered, their
adulation was transformed into a heartfelt sense of shock and grief
over the tragedy that had befallen their idol.

It all started on the night of March 1, 1932, at the Lindbergh
country home outside Hopewell, New Jersey. At 9:00 p.m., Anne Mor-
row Lindbergh, wife of Charles Lindbergh, went up to the second floor
nursery to check on their son, 20-month-old Charles Lindbergh, Jr.
She found the child sleeping peacefully in his crib. At 9:50 p.x,, the
baby’s nanny, Betty Gow, entered the nursery for a second check. This
time the baby was missing. In his place a ransom note had been left
on the windowsill, and an odd home-built ladder lay on the ground
near the side of the house.

At first, the question of who should be responsible for investigat-
ing the crime sparked a bitter jurisdictional dispute between the

CRIMES OF THE 20TH CENTURY


88

True Detective Mysteries

The envelope of the amazing “Faulkner”’ letter sent lo Governor Hoffman. Compare
it with other examples of writing illustrated in the story

that the word “you” is in a_ disguised
writing and that there is a difference in
the forms of the two “y's.” But in com-
paring the letters you will notice that the
method of production is the same in both
instances, the starting stroke being very
high above the base line and at first
wlance leading one to believe that it may
be meant for a capital letter.

Now look at Exhibit B. This, and
every exhibit. that follows it, with excep-
tion of Exhibit on pages 6 and 7, show
comparisons between writing from the
ransom notes, labeled “Q,” and writing
from Mr, X’s reports, labeled “S,” or
standard. Exhibit. B depicts the combina-
tion “ary” and the variations in the form
of the small letter “y.” Study the “ary”
combination in the second line of the
questioned writing, marked 2-3-7, and
compare this with the “ary” in the first
line of the standard writing marked 9-1-2.
Also note the variation in the finishing
stroke of the letter “y.”

Look at Exhibit C. In this exhibit the
important factor is the letter >" Note
how this letter is accentuated and make
a comparison of the “redy” in the ques-
tioned writing, which appears in the nur-
sery note, and compare this with the “rea”
combination in the standard, marked
s-5-3. Also note the starting stroke of
the small letter “1,” and it will be seen
that appearing in both questioned and
standard that we have a variation in this
stroke, some of which have what we term
an anti-clockwise direction, whereas in
the others we have a clockwise starting
stroke.

E Exhibit D, I would like to call at-
tention to the method of production and
form of the small letter “w” and also the
capital letter “W.” Also note the terminal
stroke of the small letter “e” and the
horizontal form of the small “e” where
it appears separated from the “w.” Now
compare the form of the numeral “5” and
the personal characteristic and method
of production of the figure “8,” and also
the “3.”

Now look at the small “e” in the second
line of the standard, marked 5-5-2, and
compare it with the small “e” in the next
line marked Q and numbered 3-9-4; and
then glance to the left and compare the
small “e” in the Q 11-3-5 as against the
one just beneath it marked § 18-3-3.

In’ Exhibit I, in the top two lines
marked Q, I want to_call attention to
the combination “ss.” In this comparison
there is no need of explanation. In the
next line marked Q, compare the letter

“s” one with the other in the words “go”
and “get.” Next and very important is
the word “she” in the questioned marked
2-14-1, which is the second ransom, note,
and the word “she” which appears in the
standard writing. Study this word. Note
the reverse curve in the connecting stroke
between the “t” and “h,” and also the
small “ce.” Then compare the small “a’s”
one with the other.

Look now at Exhibit H. I have de-
picted the letter “k” four times in the
combination “st” and particularly the form
and production of the small letter “g.”

In Exhibit G let us look at the letter
“J).” In this exhibit I want to call atten-
tion to the word “Dear” in the top line
marked questioned and compare this let-
ter “D” with the “D” depicted just be-
low, which is standard and marked 9-6-5.
In the production of this letter it will be
noted that it starts with a downward,
clockwise curve, then retraces with what is
termed an anti-clockwise curve, forming a
loop in the center of the downward staff.
Although we do not have a stereotyped
reproduction one with the other, we must
consider that in one we have a natural
writing and in the other a disguised writ-
ing.

Then comparing the following “d’s,” it
will be noted that we have a_similar
method of production and form. The net
comparison is the words “the” and “this”
in the questioned line. Here we have a
deliberate disguise in the fact that the
crossing of the “t” is left out. This opin-
ion is based on the fact that the form,
method of production and terminal stroke
show conclusively that this combination
was written by one and the same hand,
but that the crossing of the “t” was left
out to deceive, those that might make a
comparison. Note the small “s” in the
word “this.” Now look at the word
“Mony.” This word was taken from the
nursery note. Compare the capital let-
ters “M,” one with the other.

OOK now at Exhibit H. I have de-

picted the letter “k” four times in the
questioned and three times in the
standard writings. At first glance there
is no pictorial similarity, but there is a
very interesting and important point _in
so far as identification is concerned. Be-
fore going into the analysis of this let-
ter, I want to ask the reader to first
glance at the exhibit lines Q and H, on
pages 6 and 7. In this exhibit are depicted
on the line marked nine “k’s” taken from
the ransom notes. Below these are de-
picted, in a line marked “H,” eight “ks”

taken from request and conceded writ-
ings of Bruno Hauptmann. This letter 1s
not used very frequently, it being one of
the lesser used letters of the alphabet and
therefore one is more likely to form this
letter in a more natural sequence than a
characteristic letter that is used more fre-
quently.

In the letters “k” written by Haupt-
mann not one shows any hesitancy, and
are all formed in a natural sequence of
form within the natural variation of a
writer. But in the nine “k’s” taken from
the ransom notes seven show a deliberate
addition in what may be termed a sort
of figure “3” as the terminal stroke. In
the fificen ransom notes there are fifty-
four “k’s,’of which forty-seven show that
the letter was retouched. The above has
a very important bearing on the analysis
of Exhibit H and as you follow the ana-
lysis of Exhibit H you will readily see the
importance of the above factors.

f ipme standard writings of Mr. X, as
depicted in Exhibit H, shows the word
“York,” marked 8-8-5, the “k” in this
word being a terminal “k.” Note how the
letter is formed, the body being formed
like a “V” and then the bottom right-
hand staff being added. In the next word,
marked 8-7-5—the word “keep”—the “k”
has a decided “V,” and then the bottom
right-hand staff is the connective stroke
to the next letter. Again in the next
word we have “eeks,” the word being
“weeks,” and marked 3-8-4. The ke”? in
this word is an intermediate letter and
again there is the same peculiar forma-
tion. This style of “k” is unique and
without question would be damning ev-
idence if used throughout the ransom
notes. The writer, being an admitted ex-
pert forger, knew this and therefore tried
to so disguise this letter as a precaution-
ary measure against detection, But in
his attempt he was unsuccessful. Note
the “k” marked 11-10-7 and particularly
the “V” form up to the point where the
arrow points to the connection of the
terminal stroke, which looks like a “3”
and compare just this portion of the let-
ter with the “k” in the word “keep” just
below it. We have the same relative
slant, angle, and curve in both letters.
If space would allow, I would like to
have given a more concise analysis of my
findings, many of which I have not
even shown in the illustration. It is from
such facts as depicted in the accompany-
ing illustrations that I have based my
findings.

The analysis over, I was convinced
that I had struck the trail of the man
who had penned the ransom letters. I re-
ported immediately to Governor Hoffman,
going to his Trenton apartment. For
more than two hours, I explained my
findings to the Chief Executive, show-
ing him the comparisons reproduced in
these pages. At the end of my demon-
stration, the Governor said:

“TI am certainly sold on this analysis.
It positively looks as if it should lead to

something. What a crying shame it was

not available at the trial.”

Yes, what a crying shame! As a matter
of fact, the analysis would have been
presented at the trial had Schwarzkopf of
the State Police followed through on a
lead that was handed to him. The pres-
ident of the detective agency that had
employed Mr. X sent to Schwarzkopf, a
month after the kidnapping, the same
samples of Mr. X’s handwriting that were
given to me. The suspect’s former em-
ployer, in a desire to be helpful, sent the
samples to Schwarzkopf on the chance
that Mr. X might have written the ran-
som notes, because the detective agency
head, knowing Mr. X to a whisper, figured

that X was ji

been involved

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Lockwood
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=.

INSIDE DETECTIVE

What was her own reaction to the evidence piled up against
this “steel man” whom she had thought she knew? It took
nothing short of a sentence of death to put this hard-working,
patient and easily-deceived wife on a basis of equality, so
that she could make demands. When she went to see him in
the Flemington jail, the moment she could get permission
after he had been sentenced, they were ostensibly left alone—
but what she had to say was plainly heard:

“Richard, do you want to say anything to clear your soul?
Were you there, Richard? Do you know the others? Did
you do this ?”

Hauptmann looked about cautiously, then at her coldly and
intently.

“Anna,” he said in his metallic voice, “I have nothing to
tell. I have told the truth.”

He was annoyed.

|* HAUPTMANN confesses it will not be to his patient

Anna. Nor will he, in my opinion, ever confess—for a
reason I will set forth. During his trial, when he was appar-
ently greatly upset about the fate of his wife and child, Haupt-
mann was offered $75,000 to make a full confession for a
newspaper organization. Further, during the trial the prose-
cution attorneys were repeatedly called upon to deny a persis-
tent rumor that he had been offered a life sentence if he
would confess his crime and name his accomplices. In both
instances he almost regreted. his profound innocence, accord-
ing to himself.

Let’s theorize on why there is no percentage in Hauptmann
confessing, anyway. After many years of criminal investi-
gation, observation of criminals and familiarity with major -
kidnaping cases, I am completely convinced that Hauptmann
was the complete boss of the crime. This egotist was no
underling in any mob. He was the master plotter. He wrote
the kidnap notes and retained the bulk of the money.’ In crim-
inal circles persons of Hauptmann’s type are killed off like
flies. If you’re a “know-it-all” in a gang, you’re either its
leader or a corpse, very shortly. So if Hauptmann named
anyOne, it would merely be an aide in a plot which he him-
self directed. That would not help Hauptmann.

Said Wilentz, flaying Hauptmann:

“He’s stronger than all of us here, put together. He’s the
ego of egos. He’s the all-powerful. He’s steel from the heart
out. He’s bossed the State lawyers, as he has his own de-
fense lawyers. I tell you he’s strong and vile.”

Furthermore, he is alley-smart if ever I saw a criminal
who was. Don’t ever imagine that he would have written
those notes in his tapsy-turvy spelling and trick expressions
if his accomplices were not either more uneducated than him-
self, or—and this is important—did not fully understand the
deed:in which they were taking part.

It is enttrely possible that someone aided Hauptmann
without realizing it. But he also had the active aid of at least
one person.

At least one aide had to know that Hauptmann wanted to
get into the Lindbergh house.

Of course, Edward J. Reilly, chief of the defense forces.
propelled theories which would make this case a rival of the
fated tomb of Tut-ankh-amen in the matter of death by con-
tact. Ollie Whateley, the late butler of the Lindbergh home;
Violet Sharpe, former servant at the Morrow home, and Isidor
Fisch, who went home to Germany to die—all were grist to
the mill of an orator who started without a leg to stand on
and fought gamely in the face of overwhelming odds.

Reilly did say something of genuine interest, and here it is:

“Now is it possible for any man, I don’t care who he is,
seventy-five to one hundred miles from Hopewell, to know
everything about Colonel Lindbergh’s home? ... He mounts
that ladder until he was thirty-six inches below this window-
sill. He puts back two shutters with a gale blowing. This
man has to take himself by his two hands, reaching three feet,
gripping the window-sill and with no knowledge of what may
be inside—and any fool would know that a Colonel in the
United States Army would have a gun somewhere around to
put a bullet into your heart—but nevertheless he pulls himself
‘up and gets into such a position that he can shove the win-
dow up. He is now five feet from that rickety old ladder.
Yet he swings himself into a dark room about which he is
entirely uninformed, crosses the room to a crib he had never
seen in his life... and then swings himself out of the window
with a twenty-five to thirty-pound baby in his arms, swings
himself in the darkness to ‘the top rung of that ladder, three
feet below the window shelf—is able to turn with the child
in his arms and come down that rickety old ladder, alone.
There was a dog therg, but he did not bark.”

You may be sure Reilly’s discussion of that performance,
coupled with the fact that none of the five hundred fingerprints
found on the ladder was Hauptmann’s, contributed to the
long and argumentative delay preceding his conviction.

If Hauptmann. ever worked with an active accomplice—and

AGREED!

4 “Right; The ‘Haupt-

> mann” jury — files

«back into the court’
oS quith a verdict of
ne he guilty, Why did
05) 5 take eleven hours

-. to. reach a deci-
sion?

VICTIMS -

Hauptmann will
dig in the electric
‘chair, but his wife
and son (left)
must live to face
the world and suf-
fer unending hu-
miltation.

-

Pee Senn et ey: feuds


MRS. WHATELEY ISIDOR FISCH
Hauptmann’s defense Beyond all questioning, he
pointed the finger of was accused of having
suspicion at the Lind- supplied Hauptmann with
berghs’ cook. the ransom money.

Bruno Richard Hauptmann, sentenced to die for the slay-

ing of the infant Charles A. Lindbergh, Jr., has had

ample time for bitter introspection. Frantically questing
for a new trial, awed by the tremendous cost of a transcript of
1,300,000 words of court record which is required for an
appeal, he must at some time have remembered thirty-three
of those words which he wishes he might never see or hear
again. Eight of the words especially, for they are what made
him what he is today—Convict No. 17,400, under sentence of
death.

When Attorney General David T. Wilentz of New Jersey
was concluding his brilliant summation of that adroit and un-
usual prosecution which sent Hauptmann headlong toward his
doom, he lapsed for a moment into the vernacular of the
streets. He paused in his notably literate address, looked di-
rectly at the jury of Hauptmann’s peers, and said:

“We got the fella that got the dough!”

The conscientious jurors were only too eager to fix upon
one fact in this perplexing case that they could believe beyond
a reasontble doubt. They were positive Mr. Wilentz spoke
the truth. Likewise positive were the unsummoned jury of
120,000,000 Americans intently following every move in the
tiny Flemington courthouse. Hauptmann got the money; if
not all, nearly all.

“In most debates a lapse into the vernacular is not only a
natural practice, but an orator’s trick as well, in stating the
very essence of contention, the incontrovertible fact. And
here was a fact that Mr. Wilentz had proved conclusively.
With those eight democratic words uttered and absorbed, the
fiery prosecutor presently washed his oratorical hands of the
case with this appeal:

N HIS DEATH CELL in the state prison at Trenton,

18

RED JOHNSON

He was another shadowy

figure brought into the trial

by the defense—the friend
of Betty Gow.

VIOLET SHARPE

Did she commit sui-

cide because she real-

ized she had betrayed
the Lindberghs?

by Edward Dean Sullivan

A brilliant writer on crime sub-
jects, Mr. Sullivan is widely known
as the author of Ratfling the
Cup on Chicago Crime, The
Snatch Racket and Chicago
Surrenders. \n this penetrating
article on the Hauptmann trial he
brings out vital points which have
never before Fink published.

Is the Lindbergh case
actually solved? This
amazing analysis will

make you wonder....

1D Ah Wat APA

, ‘ _C (zea -
GMa (7 IS

7

0X j ~€


eo

ARPE

mit Sut-
1@ real-
etrayed
ghs?

HE IS MUTE

The convicted mur-
derer turned down
$75,000 offered for

his confession.

BETTY GOW

Rumors whis-
pered about her
were aired by

lawyer * %

“Pye done my duty. You must do yours. You must find
this man guilty of murder in the first degree if he participated
in this crime. Participated! It doesen’t matter if fifty or
sixty assisted him in the crime.”

There may have been more important words uttered in the
effort to send Hauptmann to his death, but intent study of the
entire evidence does not reveal them. Even Justice Tren-
chard’s charge, objected to in thirty specific items and as a
whole by the defense, provided no such direction for the jur-
ors as the impressive fact that Hauptmann had that money,
and the inference that anyone involved in any way in this
plot was guilty of murder.

Even then, with all but $1,429 of the ransom money ac-
counted for through Hauptmann; with the best handwriting
experts of the country positively asserting that he wrote all
the ransom notes; with his identification both as the man who
took the $50,000 and the man who sent the slain infant’s sleep-
ing suit to Dr. Condon, and a note which matched the ran-
som notes to the Condon home; with Condon’s_ telephone
number in Hauptmann’s writing on Hauptmann’s wall, and
with the foremost wood expert in the world asserting that the
ladder was in part constructed out of a board taken from the
Hauptmann attic—with all of this, summed up by the rare
ability and eloquence of Wilentz, the jury remained out for
eleven hours and twenty-three minutes !

Why?

The gist of the statements made by jurors since the trial is
that a finding of guilty with a recommendation assuring a
life sentence could have been had within ten minutes after the
jury deliberations began.

There was no question about Hauptmann’s participation in
this crime, so far as the jury was concerned. But since they
were hearing evidence on a charge that Hauptmann, alone,
had entered a house intent on burglary and had killed a

OLLIE WHATELEY

The Lindbergh butler
was, naturally, thor-
oughly familiar with
the household routine

child in the commission of that felony, they were loath to fix
the supreme penalty upon him in view of the somewhat ques-
tionable evidence regarding his actual presence near the
Lindbergh home, or in the Sourland area, or even in New
Jersey. That Hauptmann could, alone, choose the right time,
go to the right window and steal the child without interrup-
tion, was a baffling premise.

But eleven hours of argument, coupled with the nature of
the crime and the certainty of Hauptmann’s financial partici-
pation, resulted in the sentence of death for “Public Enemy
No. 1 of the World” in “The Crime of the Century.”

The fact is that this group of peers felt that Hauptmann
had accomplices, or an accomplice. What that accomplice, ot
those accomplices actually did, will be hard to learn unles;
Hauptmann confesses. There is a world-curiosity on the sul)
ject, and it is violating no specific confidence to say that this
curiosity extended not only into the ranks of the prosecution.
but into the defense forces as well. .

No well-informed person who covered Hauptmann’'s trial
for the press, or who has any first hand knowledge of tntan-
gible elements surrounding actual provable facts in the case
believes that Hauptmann accomplished his infamous crime
entirely unaided.

For twenty-five years I have covered criminal cases and
trials as a newspaperman in New York, Chicago and Boston.
Nothing is more obvious than the fact that some of the most
vital clues to the trend of a case or its solution, so far as com-
mon sense is concerned, never reach the ears of a jury. In
this case those who had Hauptmann’s fate to decide ob-
viously had doubts only about whether the German machine-
gunner had slain the Lindbergh baby single-handed. And
that’s what:they were judging him on, properly speaking

Surely they would have suffered further qualms had the)
heard Hauptmann, following what he knew to be a masterful
arraignment of him by Wilentz and what he believed to be an
unfair charge to the jury. by Justice Trenchard. Sweating and
fuming in his cell while awaiting the return of the verdict,
Hauptmann was beside himself with hate and fear. He mum-
bled futile threats and abuse. Suddenly he whined:

“Well, I won’t go alone.”

That was all. But it was a lot, coming from that tight jaw!
~ Some thought he meant his wife and child would follow
him in death. In his mood such a statement would have been
ridiculous. Further, Hauptmann realized that his tired help
mate, Annie, had heard much in that trial that no one but
sworn and believable witnesses could have proved to her.
Aside from his romantic interests, it is quite likely that some
of the most kindly consideration she had ever received from
this man, in the matter of gifts or money, took on the aspect
of weak virtue indeed when she learned of the fortune he had
had, even as she heard the chain of evidence connecting him
with a terrible crime.

19


i criminal
ve written
xpressions
than him-
rstand the

‘auptmann
of at least

wanted to

ise forces,
val of the
h by con-
‘gh home;
and Isidor
re grist to
) stand on
ds.
here it is:
who he is,
. to know
{e mounts
s window-
ng. This
three feet,
what may
nel in the
around to
lls himself
» the win-
iid ladder.
hich he is
had never
e window
us, swings
ider. three
the child
ler, alone. .

rformance,
ngerprints
ed to the
“tion,

pl ice—and

INSIDE DETECTIVE

I am absolutely convinced he did—he needed one that night.
He had an aide either at the top of that ladder or at the bot-
tom of it. That ladder was a weak reed indeed to be out in
a gale with, alone, on the night of a tremendous and ghastly
adventure,

ROM THE OUTSET of the Lindbergh tragedy, both

rumor and actual evidence put accomplices with and near

Bruno Richard Hauptmann in the hideous developments
which have brought him to his present plight.

When Dr. J. F. “Jafsie” Condon made a preliminary ren-
dezvous with the kidnaper at Woodlawn Cemetery, prior to
the payment of ransom, he took with him his friend Al Reich,
a one-time pugilist. Reich remained waiting in his car while
Condon, a pretty game old coot, walked on to the actual point
of meeting. While his conference with the abductor was in
progress, a second conspirator took up a position halfway be-
tween the car and the conference and looked nervously from
one point to the other, never elsewhere. Obviously he was
a lookout.

In this entire case one of the strongest elements in securing
a conviction was confidence in the integrity of Colonel Lind-
bergh and members of his family. So there is no escaping
Colonel Lindbergh's testimony before the Bronx County
Grand Jury, following the ransom payment, regarding an
accomplice of the kidnaper who conferred with Condon on
the night that the ransom money was passed.

District Attorney Foley of the Btonx, questioning him.
said:

“Colonel, there has been talk in the papers; in fact, very
often—all kinds of stories, one of which a grand juror refers
to... Did you see anyone with a handkerchief which was
dropped on the occasion of paying over the ransom money ?”

To which Colonel Lindbergh replied :

“Yes, I did. Shortly after I parked the car in front of
the florist shop Dr. Condon got out and found the note under
a stone near the table in front of the flower shop, according
to the directions in-the previous notes.

“He returned to the car with that note and as he was
reading it a man walked by the car coming from the direc-
tion in which the car was pointed. As he passed the car, or
during the time he was near enough to be seen clearly, he
covered part of his face with a handkerchief and looked
first at Dr. Condon and then inside the car at me. Then he
went on walking down.

“Before Dr. Condon returned from having made the pay-
ment, this same man came running on the other side of the
street, on the cemetery side. He stopped or paused when he
reached Whittemore Street, looking first back at the car and
then in all directions. Then he walked rapidly,-passed the car
again, this time on the opposite side of the street going in
the opposite direction. He covered his face with his hand-
kerchief; but, on passing, blew his nose very loudly and
threw the handkerchief with a quick gesture into an open
lot.”

A juror asked:

“Was that the man that got the money ?”

Mr. Foley replied :

“This man was there only to watch.”

The persistent juror asked:

“I mean the position of this man was different from that
of the man in the cemetery ?”

Mr. Foley turned to Colonel Lindbergh.

“This man was outside the cemetery ?”

And Colonel Lindbergh said:

“Yes, sir.”

Incidentally, that thrown handkerchief was found and ana-
lyzed, and revealed that its owner &suffered from sinus
trouble. Hauptmann is not so afflicted.

In commenting on this man before the grand jury, Colonel
Lindbergh said:

“I feel sure he was one of the actual group of kidnapers or
connected with them.” Then, a little later, he added, ‘I also

“JAFSIE"

During the early ransom negotiations

Dr. Condon heard the voice of an

Italian interrupting his telephone con-

wversation with the kidnaper. Who
was that accomplice?

heard a voice from the cemetery calling Dr. Condon’s name.”

Further questioning brought out the fact that the voice in
the cemetery was a distinctly foreign voice and that the Col-
onel felt sure that he could recognize an identical voice ii
he were to hear it.

“It would be very difficult for me to sit here and say that
I could pick a man by that voice,” he added. At the trial.
however, having heard Bruno Richard Hauptmann call, “Hey.
Doktor,” Colonel Lindbergh became certain that Hauptmann
was the very man who had called. But in the anxiety of the
prosecution not to confuse the issue, there was no mention
or inquiry regarding the man with the handkerchief. If it
could have been Hauptmann, why not add it to the testimony
against him? If it was not Hauptmann, why not say so?

In addition to the foregoing evidence showing that Haupt-
mann had accomplices, the Department of Justice has a definite
and permanent indication that there was an Italian aide early
in the case.. A telephone conversation between Condon and
Hauptmann was recorded on a phonograph disc by federal
operatives. ‘‘Jafsie’ asked Hauptmann exactly where he was
talking from. As Hauptmann said, “From Westchester
Squ—” a distinctly Italian voice interrupted with the hars!
words. “Shut up!”

la THE DISCUSSION of the accomplice angle there i;
a particularly interesting detail regarding blood on the
ransom money. One of every six bills of the ransom money
passed before the arrest of Hauptmann was lightly streaked
with reddish-brown stains. Analysis showed the stains to be
blood. The authorities know of but one instance in this
epoch-making crime in which blood was spilled. And that
blood had dried long before the golden flow had come into
Hauptmann’s hands. It is entirely possible that other violent
incidents followed soon after the abduction and murder oi
the baby. That might explain the presence of so much of the
ransom money in Hauptmann’s possession.

Then, too, what of that mysterious deposit slip signed ‘']
J. Faulkner” which was presented at the Federal Reserve
Bank of New York, accompanied by $2,980 of the ransom
money? Hauptmann did not write (Continued on page iY

54
|


i i leet ee) ee

another, mostly during his wife’s absence
in Europe. The police interviewed all
of them; Jafsie looked them all over.
But always he shook his head. “No,” he
would say, “that is not the woman I saw
at the bazaar.”

Assistant Chief Inspector John J. Sul-
livan of the New York Police brought
up another point tending to indicate theyt
Hauptmann had not done the job solo.
“Assuming that Hauptmann was the man
who collected the ransom in the ceme-
tery,” said the Assistant Chief Inspector,
“how was he to know that the body had
not already been found, and the fact kept
secret and that the poliee were ready to
close in on him?) To my mind, he must
have had a confederate watching the
grave that night, to make certain that
the baby had not yet been found and
that it was perfectly safe for him to go
to the cemetery and contact Dr, Condon.”

Certain other investigators were in-
clined to agree with Inspector Sullivan.
Felix B. DeMartini, formerly an ace de-
tective of the New York Police Depart-
ment, told the writer shortly after the
ransom hoax was perpetrated: “The man
who collected the ransom, whoever he
was, was no fool, And only a fool would
have met Jafsie in the cemetery that night
without being secure in the knowledge
that that little body had not been found.
He must have had direct contact with the
grave in some manner or other. Why, it
was almost a miracle that the body was
not found weeks before it was. It was
buried less than four miles from the Lind-
bergh home and virtually every inch of
ground for miles around was gone over
not once, but. many times.”

Meanwhile, as the police were trying
to piece the puzzle together, Hauptmann,
in his cell in the Bronx County Jail, was
being questioned relentlessly. As had
happened when he was arrested Septem-
ber 18th, 1934, and grilled all night in the
Greenwich Street Police Station, Man-
hattan, the stolid German was coming off
on top, It was always the authorities,
not the prisoner, who appeared tired and
worn when the lengthy quiz came to an
end. The man simply wouldn’t talk, ex-
cept when he chose to, There was simply
nothing the police could do to break him
down. Veteran peace officials declared
him the most strong-willed man they had
ever confronted. “You kidnapped the
Lindbergh baby, Hauptmann, and you
know it!” accused Colonel H. Norman
Schwarzkopf, Commander of the New
Jersey State Police. “Why don’t you come
clean and get it over with?”

AUPTMANN appraised Schwarzkopf
with those deep-set, expressionless
eyes of his. Then his marble face broke
into a slow smile; smiled in the face of his
accuser, the man who had lost sleep,
weight, and sacrificed friends and home
and fireside since the first moment he
fearned that the Lindbergh baby had been
taken from its ‘crib. “You think I took
the baby?” Hauptmann asked calmly.
“Yes, you know you did!” said Schwarz-
kopf. Hauptmann paused, “Well,” he
said, “Mister Policeman, go prove it. Go
prove it!”

Now, we might as well admit that
while the third degree is illegal, prisoners
are often “mussed up.” It’s the only way
to get some of them to talk, And the
truth of the imatter is that the police
were sorely tempted to muss up Haupt-
mann, so much did his manner rile them.
But this was one prisoner they wouldn’t
have dreamed of touching. This case
was too important, too far-reaching, to
give the suspect any loophole, any excuse
for damaging the case against him. So
Hauptmann was let strictly alone so far

True Detective Mysteries

us this sort of treatment was concerned.
All during this time, more than two
hundred — investigators — Federal, New
York and: New Jersey authorities—were
working night and day, picking up | evi-
dence here, discarding other evidence
there. The dead Isidor Fisch was defi-
nitely eliminated from the case. A record
in Hauptmann’s diary revealed that’ he
had loaned isch money from time to
time, which poured cold water on the
suspect’s story that Fisch had given him
the ransom money for safekeeping. As
a matter of fact, a certain development
led investigators to the conclusion that
part. of the money that Hauptmann had
loaned Fisch was blood money.
Checking up with officials of the Adri-
atic Steamship Exchange, the agency
through which Fisch booked his passage
to Germany, the probers learned that
Hauptmann’s friend had paid part of his
passage money with ten- and twenty-
dollar gold certificates—the type of cur-
reney used in the ransom payment.

ISCH first appeared at the Adriatic of-

ficees on May Ist, 1932—a month after
the ransom was passed over in the grave-
yvard—to arrange for_a passage to sail on
the Leviathan for Germany. For some
reason or other, he did not make the
voyage, but appeared the following August
18th, and deposited three hundred dol-
lars against his passage account, _ On
December 6th, 1933, he finally sailed for
Germany on the liner Manhattan. :

Justice Thomas W. Trenchard leav-
ing court When the Hauptmann case
was completed

77

Officials of the agency told sleuths
that they -had held ten of the ten-déllar
gold notes as “souvenirs,” but had at-
tached no particular significance to them,
other than that such currency had been
called in by order of President Roose-
velt, The agency subsequently deposited
the money in a bank, and there the trail
was: lost. There was no way now of
knowing whether Fisch had paid for his
passage with ransom money.

Officials had previously decided that
Fisch, who weighed but one hundred and
twenty pounds, had not been, the actual
kidnapper, inasmuch as tests with a dupli-
cate ladder of the one that was broken
under the weight of the kidnapper, tended
to prove that the man who entered the
nursery weighed in the neighborhood of
one hundred and eighty pounds—Haupt-
mann’s weight, Jafsie quickly eliminated
Kisch as the mysterious John and then,
to give the dead man a clean bill of
health, Government handwriting experts
checked his handwriting against that of
the ransom letters and found it decidedly
dissimilar.

Arthur Koehler, the Government’s
wizard at wooderaft, who had traced part
of the lumber used in the kidnap ladder
to the National Millwork and Lumber
Corporation, White Plains Avenue, the
Bronx, now made another vital discovery.
He discovered, upon examining Haupt-
mann’s attic, that a piece of planking was
missing and, upon further examination,
declared that one portion of the murder
ladder was identical with some of the
planking in the Hauptmann attic! Not
only that, investigators discovered that
Hauptmann had been employed at the
National Millwork and Lumber Corpora-
tion in 1931, and that he had purchased
some lumber from the concern in ques-
tion shortly before the crime!

Another arresting fact exame to light at
this time. It developed that on February
14th, 1934—seven months before his ar-
rest—Hauptmann almost walked into the
arms of Mr. Koehler and a New York
detective. The two were in the lumber
yard of Cross, Austin and Ireland, the
Bronx, waiting for a wood panel to be
cut a certain size, for the purpose of Mr.
Kochler’s investigation, IKochler and the
sleuth sat in the offices of the lumber
concern. Nol twenty -feet distance was
Bruno Iauptmann, making a_ small pur-
chase of umber. In payment, he tendered
a gold certificate and Miss Alice Murphy,
the cashier, fearing that it might be a
counterfeit, refused to accept it, where-
upon Hauptmann tendered her another
bill. Miss Murphy was mildly suspicious,
and jotted down the purchaser’s automo-
bile license number as he drove away.

HAT was all that ever came of the

matter until Hauptmann’s arrest. Miss
Murphy identified the prisoner as the man
who had attempted to pass the gold note,
but inasmuch as she had not accepted
it, there was no way of knowing whether
it had been a ransom bill or not. How
differently the dice would have rolled
had Miss Murphy been aware that the
two men in the office were investigators
working on the Lindbergh case! Here
was an instance of the Government’s
policy of secrecy defeating its own pur-
pose,

It was surmised that the kidnapper,
when the ladder broke, might have fallen
and injured a leg. With this in mind,
J. Edgar Hoover, Director of the Divi-
sion of Investigation, United States De-
partment of Justice, ordered, a canvass
of all doctors and hospitals in the city
to ascertain whether Hauptmann had been
treated for a leg injury on or about the
night of March Ist, 19382. It was learned

60 True Detective Mysteries

So the record was made, in the office of the District
Attorney of Bronx County. The equipment for the
recording was brought in and Jafsie, his mind em-
blazoned by his experiences with the ransom man,
began to talk. : \

Jafsie, like Colonel Lindbergh, had recalled the
veriest inflection in ‘John’s’’ voice, for he had every
reason to. More than that, he recalled other things
about the man, things that Colonel Lindbergh had
no way of knowing, inasmuch as he had never laid
eyes on the kidnapper, whereas Jafsie had talked
with him for an hour and a quarter on‘one occasion,
and had contacted him a second time when he tossed
the ransom money over a hedge in St.; Raymond’s

John—It is on a boad.

Jafsic
. chin, and, of course, the man’s strong, pea oe heey hii’ John
Rich and probable weight. All of which, when the record waain 0, Jafsic
al aa ° amas two and a half years later, fitted Bruno Hauptmann to an elash. any mc
alien convicted of the But the importarit item in Jafsie’s recording—andafsie John
kidnapping and murder is no mean mimic—was his imitation of the ransomnan’s baby v
of the Lindbergh child voice. The word “gute” for “good,” the word “boa” for Jafsi:
“boat”?—Jafsie recorded it all, and when Hauptmann,n his John
thick German accent talked, it checked perfectly. Jafsi
Jafsie’s phonographic recording was not introduced 5. the to the
trial of Hauptmann because Jafsie, fortunately, was stil.very John
much alive. But that does not make the recording an; the pins.
less interesting. Let us listen in on parts of it: Jafsi
Jafsie—What is your name? knew 1
Ransom Negotiator—John. Johr
Jafsie—Are you German? CGerma
. John—No, Scandinavian. Jafsi
Jafsie—Where is the baby? money

_ (Above) Attorney Gen-
Mm eral David T. Wilentz
and Mrs. Wilentz leaving
for Florida after the
former’s. brilliant . prose-

Cemetery.

Jafsie, then, began his record, with a description
of the physical characteristics of “Cemetery John”.
He spoke of the deep-set. expressionless eyes, the cold,
hard stare, the prominent nose, and the pointed

A, inahigpoand 1 #
hd ge

« - ah .
ea ew cution of the case

, Ae


ight
10

ash,
fsie
an’s
for
his

the
ery
the

aoe 7 . che 2 sph ots Pi a ere
\ : \
: |
cae el
: ie
cy
; The. Real Story Behind the Lindbergh Kidnap Capture 61
Jafsie—V7hore? a ee ee
John—Up in Massachusetts... (Befow) Chief Defense

Jafsie—I must see the baby before I pay over
any money. ‘

John—The baby is well. Would I burn if the
baby was dead? re

Jafste—Not if you did not have some part in it.

John—I am only the go-between.

Jafsie—l cw am I to know that I ain talking
to the right :man?
‘Te baby was held in the crib by safety

John—
pins. |
Jafsie—V'hat would your mother say if she
knew you vane engaged in a scrape like this?
John~-My, mudder would ery. (Note the
German pr’nunciation of the word “mother’’).
Jafsie—Itve a thousand dollars of my own
money that. “sill give you right now if you will

Counsel Edward J.
Reilly, at the foot of
the stairs, shown leav-
ing Hunterdon County
Court, at Flemington,
‘New Jersey, after he
made an impassioned
plea for Hauptmann
i { ‘ (

get the baby back. All we want is to have him back safe.
John—We don’t want your money. We want Lindbergh’s.
Jafsie—There are a number of lawyers in my family, John. If
it is within the law, I will get them

to go with you to the last degree

(Left) Betty Gow, Lindbergh and sce that you are not punished
nursemaid who came over from jf you return the baby well and
Scotland to testify for the State. happy. On the other hand (and
are ete asain and ee don’t let anybody tell you that
ee Medes F uective. of old Jafsie didn’t have his nerve with
him), if I find you are cheating me,

Defense Attorney Reilly, she } : :
returned on the Berengaria I will (Continued on page 76)

76

True Detective Mysteries

The Real Story Behind the Lindbergh Kidnap Capture

follow you to the end of the world!

John—But Docktor, that will not
be necessary. You get the money,
the fifty thousand, and we will put
the baby back in its mudder’s arms.

Jafsie—Why don’t you leave the
gang and come with me?

John—I couldn’t do that. The
leader would smack me down. I am
only a go-between.

Jafsie—Well, go with them. You
will be caught sometime.

John—No. That is not so. We
were prepared. We were prepared a
year ago.

Jafsie—Well then, I will go as
hostage to the man who has the baby
until the money is paid. I have three
toys belonging to the baby which it
will know when it sees them. (Jafsie
took from his pocket three rubber
animals that the Lindbergh infant
was particularly attracted to). And
I know certain words the baby
knows, so that I will know if it is the
right baby or not.

John—No. We want the money.
We are the ride (note the German
accented “right’”?) parties. We will
send you the sleeping suit that the
baby had on and you will then know
we are the ride parties. I got to go.
We been talking long enough. It is
too dangerous, Docktor.

Are with that, the mysterious John
of the Graveyard vanished into the
folds of the night. Condon made no at-
tempt to follow him. Colonel Lindbergh
was in supreme command of the investiga-
tion, the United States Department of
Justice, the New Jersey Police and the
New York Police Department notwith-
standing. Colonel Lindbergh wanted his
baby back alive, as any father would, and
he made it plain that he would use all of
the influence at his command—which was
and is considerable—to break any man
who crossed him. Thus it was that Jafsie
made no attempt to follow the man he
later declared to be Bruno Richard
Hauptmann.

In this connection, this situation re-
garding Lindbergh sitting in the driver’s
seat, a most interesting angle developed.

Edward P. Mulrooney, then Police
Commissioner of New York City, noticed
that one of the several ransom letters ad-
dressed to Jafsie was mailed from a mail-
box in the Williamsburg section of Brook-
lyn. Mulrooney pressed a buzzer and
summoned Assistant Chief Inspector John
Sullivan.

“John,” said the Police Commissioner,
“one of these letters to Dr. Condon has
been mailed from the Williamsburg section
of Brooklyn. What’s your reaction to pour-
ing a thousand plainclothes men in there
to cover every mail-box. We could rig
up a contraption whereby any letter
dropped in a box wouldn’t go to the bot-
tom, but would be held near the slot
where the man covering the box could
lay his hands on it in a jiffy. If it
was addressed to Condon, our man would
know it before the man who. mailed it
was out of sight. Then we could tail him.
That is, if he mailed another letter from
that section. My hunch is that since he
mailed one, he’ll mail another from the
same place.” — ,

Assistant Chief Inspector. Sullivan
stroked his chin in thought. “Commis-
sioner,” he said, “I’m inclined to string

along with you on this. I think it’s a:

swell idea.” .
Mulrooney put the proposition up to

(Continued from page 61)

Colonel Lindbergh. At the moment, it
later developed, the baby was already
dead and buried and half eaten by the
animals that prowled the Sourland Moun-
tains, but none save the kidnappers knew
that. Lindbergh stamped a hasty and
vehement veto on Mulrooney’s sugges-
tion, fearing that to shadow anybody who
contacted Jafsie would place his son’s
life in jeopardy. And so the Police Com-
missioner’s plan was abandoned.

The very next day, there was posted
in a mail-box that Mulrooney, had he
had his say, would have covered, an-
other ransom note to Dr. Condon.

But we are chiefly concerned at the
moment not with March, 1932, but with
September, 1934, when Hauptmann was
arrested.

Was he, the authorities wondered, the
lone wolf in the Lindbergh kidnapping—
the man who had committed the crime
of the century without aid—or was he
merely one of a gang who had perpetrated
the murder?

There was much to be said on both
sides. Federal handwriting experts were
as one in agreeing that Hauptmann’s
handwriting and that on each and every
one of the ransom notes were identical.
Whited, the logger, placed Hauptmann
at the Lindbergh estate shortly before
the baby was kidnapped. Jafsie’s tele-
phone number and the serial numbers of
two of the ransom bills had been written
down in a closet of the nursery of the
Hauptmann baby, Manfred.

Almost thirty thousand dollars of the
ransom money had been found hidden
in a closet in Hauptmann’s home, in his
garage and in the ground in the rear of
the garage. Hauptmann claimed that a
friend of his—Isidor Fisch, deceased—
had given him the money for safekeeping
while Fisch went to Germany, where he
died less than a year prior to Haupt-
mann’s arrest. Hauptmann had_ been
caught red-handed passing the ransom
bills. Jafsie and Colonel Lindbergh iden-
tified him as “Cemetery John.” Haupt-
mann was a carpenter and, as such, could
easily have constructed the ladder used
in the kidnapping. Yes, there seemed to be
not a scintilla of doubt that the German
carpenter was a key man in the crime.

N the other hand, certain officials won-

dered how a man could have commit-
ted such a dastardly deed single-handed. It
was taken for granted that the baby was
not intentionally murdered, but killed ac-
cidentally when the ladder broke and the
kidnapper fell. Naturally, other things
being equal, the child was worth more
alive than dead, and it would have been
an ecasicr matter to collect the ransom
money had the child been alive, rather
than dead. And why should the man who
climbed into the nursery wish to kill the
baby, anyway? Why should he lay him-
self open for the electric chair when, if
caught with a live baby, the most he would
have received would have been a prison
term?

Assuming, then, that it had not been,
the intention of the actual kidnapper to
commit murder, what did he intend to do
with the baby, where did he intend to
hide ig while the ransom negotiations were
being conducted? If Hauptmann was the
man who went into the nursery, reasoned
some of the investigators, just what were:
his plans after the baby was snatched?’ —

Mrs. Hauptmann’s life was an open:
book, and upon the arrest of her husband
the police made certain to read that book
carefully. She was a devoted wife and,

mother, and a kind woman in general.
Certainly, if Hauptmann had been the
actual kidnapper, he wouldn’t have dared
to take the baby to his home in_ the
Bronx. His wife loved him, but she
would never have stood for anything like
that. She was the type who would have
gone straight to the police and reported
the matter. Not twenty-four hours after
Hauptmann was arrested, his wife told a
friend: “I know Richard did not do this.”

Where, then, the police asked them-
selves again, would Hauptmann have
planned to take the baby? At the time,
his own child was not yet born, and he
knew absolutely nothing about the care
of babies. As a matter of fact, very few
men do. Was it not reasonable to sup-
pose that there was a woman in the pic-
ture somewhere, a woman of Hauptmann’s
acquaintance who had agreed to care for
the infant in return for a split of the
blood swag? The police reasoned, too,
that if this were the case, the woman in
question had set up some sort of estab-
lishment not far from the Lindbergh
domicile. The kidnapper certainly wouldn’t
have taken a chance of driving the baby
through the crowded thoroughfares of the
populous: centers within two hours of
Hopewell when the crime might be dis-
covered, the alarm given, and the police
searching every car that passed. No,
there seemed to be something wrong with
the picture as a whole, It resembled a
jig-saw puzzle with some of the pieces
missing.

HE police recalled that there had been
a woman in the picture before the
baby’s body was found. She had entered
the scene during the course of the ransom
negotiations. Jafsie, one Saturday after-
noon, was engaged in selling musical in-
struments at a charity bazaar in the
Bronx. A_ well-dressed woman, wearing
a veil, professed to have great interest in
a violin that the educator was trying to
dispose of. She asked him the price, what
make it was, how old it was and a lot of
other questions. She tarried, and pres-
ently it dawned on Jafsie that the woman
wished to speak with him alone, about
something other than the violin, Jafsie
drew the woman aside. “You wished to
speak to me privately?” he asked. “Yes,”
answered the woman. “You must wait a
little while for the baby. You must wait
until things quiet down. You will hear
from us as soon as things quiet down.”
With that, the enigmatic feminine fig-
ure rustled from the bazaar, and Jafsie
never saw her again, Nor did he attempt
to trail her. Colonel Lindbergh’s orders.
Now, where was that woman, and what
was her relationship to Bruno Richard
Hauptmann? That she had inside knowl-
edge of the ransom negotiations went
without saying, for at the time only a
handful of officials, Colonel Lindbergh,
Jafsie and one or two others were aware
of the fact that the kidnapper had con-
tacted Jafsie. There had not been a line
in the papers about it. As a matter of
fact, the press did not get wind of the
ransom hoax until it was all over, so se-
cretly was the deal carried on. Where had
that woman obtained her information?
And who was she? And where was she?
She wasn’t Mrs. Hauptmann, Jafsie took
one look at Mrs. Hauptmann and _ elimi-
nated her. Nor was she any of Haupt-
mann’s other woman friends. A diary had
been found in his home shortly after his
arrest. There were several names and
addresses in it, the names and addresses
of women he had met at one time or

another,
in Euro;
of them
But alwa
would sa
at the b
Assista
livan of
up anotl
Hauptm
“ Assumil
who col
tery,” sa
“how w:
not alre:
secret a)
close in
have h
grave t
the bah
that it
to the ¢
Certa
clined 1
Felix B
tective
ment, t
ransom
who cc
was, wa
have m:
without
that th
He mu:
grave |
was ah
not. for
buried
bergh |
ground
not on
Mea
to piec
in his
being
happet
ber 181
Greens
hattan
on to}
not th
worn \
end.
cept \
nothin
down.
, him t]
/ ever
Lindb:
know
Schwa
Jersey
, clean
Al
Vv
eves
into a
aecus'
weigh
and
learne
taken
the |
oye
kopf.
said,
prove
No
while
are ©
to g
truth
were

manl
But
have
' was
give
for <
Haw

24 True Detective Mysteries

Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh—the former Anne Morrow, sister

of Constance. Miss Morrow’s marriage to Lindbergh

several weeks ahead of schedule—a fact that has aroused

considerable conjecture—was a direct result of the Constance
Morrow death plot

awaiting a further move by the blackmailer. The reference
to May 10th indicated that on or about that day another
letter would be received, and a comparison of a second letter
with the first might reveal important clues that would lead
me to the criminal.

The first letter, which has been quoted, had been mailed in

The Morrow estate at
Englewood was the scene
of considerable secret ac-
tivity during the frenzied
days of the death plot

THE MORROW ESTATE IN
ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY

rere ee ee rae *

Milton and carried the postmark of the Milton post-office.

I proposed to cover the Milton post-office and to take into
our confidence the post-office authorities of the Boston postal
district, although, of course, I fully realized that it was more
than likely that the second letter I expected would be mailed
at a pillar box somewhere in the town of Milton and might
slip past my surveillance.

However, I believed that two letters would be better than
one from the police standpoint, and by checking one against
the other, valuable clues might be revealed.

I did not have the chance to prove the correctness of my

theory?

[DESPERATE with anxiety when she received the news
at her home in Englewood, New Jersey, Constance
Morrow’s mother at once communicated with her husband's
former partners in the famous banking firm of J. P. Morgan
& Company of New York.

Martin Egan of J. P. Morgan & Company immediately
took charge of the case. He retained the William J. Burns
International Detective Agency, after conferring with the
principals in the New York office, directing them to make the
protection of Constance Morrow their paramount duty.

Jay Morrow and Mr. Wanamaker of J. P. Morgan & Com-
pany were rushed to Boston with orders to take charge of the
situation at Milton and to see that no harm came to Miss
Morrow.

The very few who knew what had transpired at Milton
Academy were pledged to secrecy.

The blackmail letter was turned over to Herrick, Smith,
Donald & Farley, one of Boston’s most prominent law firms,
with offices at One Federal Street, Boston, so I was informed,
and the most extraordinary efforts were made by all concerned
to prevent any inkling of the sensational crime from leaking
out to the public. ;

Secrecy was, of course, absolutely imperative, both for the
protection of Constance from the danger threatened in. the

ta ise oes tata aN
| TARTING POINT OF

ae LINDBERGHS SECRET JOURNEY
oN

aay:

first let:
who hac

Our ;
publicit
Morrow
press a
agencies
romanct
and chil

Score:
night ar
and his
us to co
thoroug
the nece
of the

‘THE |

confe
Compan
that the
from her
and that
the part
criminal
Pickir
First, s}
second,
and fort
determir
Plenty
agency |
doubted
none of
sixteen |
to play t
must, th

uieentenaen . TT

22 True Detective Mysteries

large sums of money—and, above all else, secrecy.

Constance knew that Miss Corbett and Miss Smith
had “disappeared” while they were students at Smith
College in Northampton, Massachusetts. Frances St.
John Smith had gone to Smith College from Milton
Academy. Her disappearance on Friday the Thir-
teenth, in January of 1928, had been a great newspaper
sensation. More than a year later, just a few weeks
‘before Constance Morrow received the demand for
$50,000 on penalty of torture and death, a badly de-
composed body had been found in the Connecticut
River, near Longmeadow, and accepted by the parents
of the Smith girl as that of their missing daughter.
What had happened to her, whether she was the victim
of foul play, accident, or suicide, remained a mystery.

N° trace of Miss Alice Corbett ever had been found,
and the fate of Dorothy Arnold was still an un-
solved mystery.

All this was well known to the girls in Constance
Morrow’s young set, and one may well imagine the
chilling fear that gripped her as she read the threat of
“$50,000 or death,” and remembered the awful fate
of her former fellow student in the Academy, whose
body, found in the river, was mute in death and
could not reveal the secret an army of detec-
tives had failed to discover.

But while Constance Morrow, en-
raptured, as would be any other
romantic girl, by the charming

closely follow the de-

tailed route mapped out

for her when delivering the

fifty thousand dollars. The

cross in the photo above marks the

lonely spot in Westwood, Massachu-

setts, where the girl was told to leave a

bus, then start walking along a desolate road
until she came to “the sixth arc light.”

love story of her sister, Anne, and “Lindy,” might be terri-
fied by the scurrilous letter and the ghastly threats it con-

End view of Hathaway Hi ais dha tained, she also had inherited
mitory at Milton Academy where Con- Some of the courage and
i stones Morrow lived when she received the strength of character of her

eath threat. Arrow indicates Miss Morrow’s successful father, the Uni
room—one of the focal points in this great criminal States Ambassador to wee
mystery. The girl was ordered to leave her room at 7 10° 3% =
_ P.M.,on Saturday, May 18th, 1929, and go alone over a Heedless of the grisly threat
zig-zag route to where she was to deliver the money of what would happen to her

if she told,
the school at
Great wa
House Moth
of the girls «
guished linea
the threat of
persuaded hx
to be paid t
Headmast:
was horrified
one might re
or in some «
zines, but sur
in the carefu!
the fortunat:
in his charg
Something
wrong, it w

joke, a mista
terrifying lett:
The legal a
telephone, ar
What shou!
not get to the
one of the gir
Academy was
the safety of :
bassador to \
Doubly imy
Constance M«
trusted to th
family, and, s:
Colonel Lindb
A hasty mes
wood, New Je
the facts wer:
Department.
My first im
was shown to
was the act of
mentality who
horrible purpos
As I studied

- TT ery

lse, secrecy.
Miss Smith
its at Smith
Frances St.
from Milton
y the Thir-
at newspaper
a few weeks
demand for
a badly de-
Connecticut
y the parents
ing daughter.
-as the victim
ad a mystery.

d been found,

is still an un-

in Constance
| imagine the
| the threat of
-he awful fate
ademy, whose
death and

detec-

The  biack-
mailer instructed
{iss Morrow to
ly follow the de-
oute mapped out
aen delivering the
d dollars. The
0 above marks the
twood, Massachu-
as told to leave a
mg a desolate road
ixth arc light.”

”’ might be terri-
y threats it con-
ilso had inherited
he courage and
character of her
ither, the United
issador to Mexico.
if the grisly threat
ild happen to her

‘How Lindbergh Smashed the Morrow Blackmail Plot 23

if she told, Constance took the letter to
the school authorities and asked for advice.
Great was the consternation of the
House Mother when she learned that one
of the girls of wealthy family and distin-
guished lineage in her care was faced with
the threat of torture and death unless she
persuaded her father to give her $50,000
to be paid to a desperate blackmailer.
Headmaster Field of Milton Academy
was horrified. This was the sort of thing
one might read about in the daily newspapers
or in some of the detective story maga-
zines, but surely, it could not happen
in the carefully guarded lives of
the fortunate young people
in his charge.
Something must be
wrong, it was a

cality was thick
with detec-
tives

a he Sai AN

to board a bus at the point
indicated by arrow, and ride to
Mattapan Square. After arriving
at the latter place, the girl was ordered
to continue to the spot where she was
to deposit the money using three other
buses en route

joke, a mistake, but there were the several pages of the
terrifying letter, and it was addressed to Constance Morrow.

The legal advisors of Milton Academy were reached by
telephone, and there were hurried, frantic conferences.

What should be done? Above all things, the news must
not get to the newspapers; the public must never know that
one of the girls admitted to the sacred precincts of Milton
Academy was imperiled by blackmailers, and yet there was
the safety of the young daughter of the United States Am-
bassador to Mexico to be safeguarded.

Doubly important’ it was, the conferees agreed, to protect
Constance Morrow; first, because her safety had ,been en-
trusted to the exclusive institution by her distinguished

family, and, second, because her sister was about to marry

Colonel Lindbergh and the eyes of the world were watching.

A hasty message was sent to the Morrow family in Engle-
wood, New Jersey, and on the morning of April 25th, 1929,
the facts were placed in the hands of the Milton Police
Department.

My first impression, when a copy of the blackmail letter
was shown to me as Chief of the Milton Police, was that it
was the act of a crank, the work of some person of inferior
mentality who had no intention of gh out the announced
horrible purpose.

As I studied it further I was not so sure. At the time, I

(Below) Arrow points to the stone wall opposite
“the sixth light” where the criminal demanded
that Miss Morrow drop the money. The
wall in question is part of Dunroving,
the country estate of General Clar-.
ence R. Edwards, commander of
the “Yankee” Division in the
World War. On the night
designated by the ex-
tortionist, this lo-

was pledged to
the utmost secrecy,
but as a copy of the black-
mail létter has since come into
the possession of a writer for TRUE
DetectivE Mysreaies, I can discuss
‘freely the conclusions that I soon reached.
The criminal, a careful. study of the letter
. received by Ambassador Morrow’s daughter con-
vinced me, was not merely a crank giving vent to his
erotic and depraved ideas, he was a determined, cunning
crook, who had patiently plotted out a clever scheme he
actually hoped would be successful.

Note the correct spelling of difficult words, the studied
misspelling of easy words, the curious punctuation and capi-
talization in the following exact reproduction of the letter
to Constance Morrow that caused consternation at exclusive
Milton Academy:

You read this and keep your mouth closed. Don’t open
your trap to a living soul or at will be your last talk.

Your father has plenty money. So do as you are in-
structed: If you do no harm will come to you. the Smith
Girl received a letter just the same as this she told her frinds
in school. and her Father had her under guard. But you
see how she dropped out of the picture. Just so you if yuu
talk to anyone about this note the Corbet Girl Arnold all
had detectives on the look out but you see what happened
if you act and say nothing you are safe. Your going away
will not help you as you are MARKED you wriie at once
to your. Father to get you $50,000 in cash to you at once
tell him if he in any way tries to set a trap then don’t send you
the money as you will certainly go as sure as the sun rises
and goes down. The Corbit, Smith girl father tried ta lay
a trap. You see what became of them. So will it happen
to you. You write your father tell him to have Morgan Co.
send you the cash in $5—10—20—50—100—5 00—1000—
‘Bills. Don’t send this note Destroy it immediaiely tell him
not to come or send anyone if he does it means Death to you.
af you are worth that much to him he will send the money
now instead of the Police. So tell him this in your letter.
You need not fear one bit while you are waiting for the
money. And no matter where you go after the time is up
you will be captured at some time and given the ride. So
you impress this on your Father. He has plenty. You
have till the roth of May to get the money. You will receive
another letter befor then giving directions Dont worry unless
you mention this.

I suggested that the girl be given police protection, and in

the meanwhile that the affair be kept absolutely secret while


Lindbergh,
t by air to
a a national

ery girl in

or. His pic-
‘ned the walls
ion bedrooms.
astance Mor-
illy knew him,
| him Charlie,
be a maid of
a flower girl
edding to her
r, Anne.
wonder that
ce was happy,
ied by her
ates! She was
: the days until
of the wedding
be announced,
ie was to go to
nificent Morrow
in Englewood,
‘rsey, to join her
for the great
n.
from some evil
- of a mysterious
world whose
.s were foreign to
id come this re-
5, terrifying blow
threatened to
er happiness. It
blow that hor-
the ‘‘Lone Eagle”

Milton Academy

” —

2 SRR RT

the first time!—
the dastardly
of beautiful
—and the
her famous
in crushing it!

late on April 24th, 1929,
there was found in the
mail sack one curious
letter addressed to Miss
Constance Morrow,
member of the sopho-
more class. It was in a
cheap envelope, ad-
dressed with a lead pen-
cil in roughly-printed
characters.

ERHAPS a _ letter

from a servant on
one of the Morrow
estates, the school at-
tendant may have
thought. Or it might
have been written by a
child or, possibly, it
could be a boy friend’s
youthful idea of a joke.
Certainly, it was very different
from the costly stationery en-
graved with distinguished mono-
grams and distinctive addresses
that usually brought the Acad-
emy student’s messages from
home and friends.

A bit curious about the strange
letter, Miss Constance hurriedly
tore open the envelope and unfolded the several sheets of
paper it contained.

The girl’s brow wrinkled perplexedly as she struggled with
the scrawled words. Simultaneously she deciphered the hand-
writing and realized the import of the mysterious message.
She read the opening threat—the death threat that cautioned
her to strict silence.

Constance read a few more lines, then stifled a scream of
horror.

She was brutally ordered to obtain $50,000 from her
wealthy father, to be delivered later to the blackmailer in
accordance with instructions he would supply. And she

Colonel Charles A.
Lindbergh, world
renowned flier, whose
thrilling mystery
flight in May, 1929,
is explained for the
first time in this as-
‘tonishing exclusive
story. The flight in
question was a sensa-
tional part of the
chain of events which
followed Constance
_Morrow’s receipt of
‘the extortion letter

was told with ghastly significance what would happen to her
if she failed to get the money, or if she dared to reveal to
anyone the slightest hint of the extortion plot of which she
was to be made the victim.

Mest terrifying of all were sinister references to Miss
Dorothy Arnold, Miss Alice Corbett and Miss Frances
St. John Smith. All three were girls of prominence, and all
three had mysteriously disappeared. The writer of the letter
that pretty little Constance Morrow had just received
intimated that each of these three girls had met a horrible
fate because their families had resisted his demands for

21

Lindbergh Case Secrets from Governor Hoffman's Private Files 65

Parker and Motor Vehicle Commissioner Hoffman_had
long been personal friends. Parker often dropped into Hoff-
man’s office and the two men would exchange their views
on the case.

A Wes after Bruno Hauptmann’s arrest in New York
City in September, 1934, Parker walked into Hoffman’s
office and sat down. ‘Well, Commissioner,” he said, “what
do you think about developments in the Lindbergh case?”

“I can’t see and never have been able to see how one man
committed that crime,” said Hoffman, “yet that’s what they’re
apparently trying to-prove.”

ark well those words, and that thought of the man who,
a year later, was to play such a vital part in the fate of the
condemned German.

“The child,” Hoffman went on to Parker that day, “was
taken from its crib about nine o’clock at night, when lights
were blazing all over the house, when the five adult occupants
of the house were up and stirring, and when any one of those
five—especially the Lindberghs and Betty Gow, the nurse—
was likely to pop into that nursery at any minute to see if the
child’s cold had got any worse. It seems to me that if this
man Hauptmann climbed that ladder and got that baby, he
must somehow have been very sure of the movements of the
people in that house.”

“Yes,” said Parker, “I see what you mean. Now me, I
always try to put myself in the position of the criminal, and
figure out just what I would have done if I’d been in his place.
And I know well that if I’d been a lone wolf who wanted to
snatch that baby, I certainly wouldn’t (Continued on page 75)

(Above) Stacy Trent Hotel in Trenton, New Jersey,
one block from the State Capitol. Arrow points to room
where Governor Hoffman, after entering by service door
early in morning, held a dramatic conference with Haupt-
mann’s wife. (Below) Attorney General Wilentz and
Dr. Condon, the famous Jafsie of the Lindbergh case

Speed

ee al


True Deiective Mysteries

75

Lindbergh Case Secrets from Governor Hoffman’s Private Files

have gone up a ladder into that nursery
when everybody was up. I’d have waited
until everybody was in bed. It would
have been much safer then in the nur-
sery, with less chance of somebody com-
ing in, and it’s less likely that the alarm
would have been given so soon after the
crime. A set-up like that would have
given a lone wolf more chance to put dis-
tance between himself and Hopewell.”
Came January fifteenth, 1935, and
Harold Giles Hoffman took over the
gubernatorial reins of the state. A
few miles north of Trenton, in Fleming-
ton, the stage was being set for the open-
ing of the Hauptmann trial two days
later. The Governor did not know what
the State’s case would be like. That ‘is
to say, as Motor Vehicle Commissioner he
had had no part in the preparations for
the trial. The Attorney General of the
State, David Wilentz, was in charge of
that, and Wilentz and his staff, together
with the State Police, had rounded up
the witnesses and whipped into shape the
charge that they sought to make stick
against the German.
_ Governor Hoffman, despite his intense
interest in what was going on, purposely
avoided attendance at the trial, for fear
of criticism. He did, however, read the
transcript of the testimony from day to
day. As the drama at Flemington pro-
gressed, doubt began to creep_into the
Governor’s mind that the Lindbergh
mystery was going to be completely
solved even if Hauptmann were con-
victed.

r was just a few days after the trial
that Ellis Parker called at the Gov-
ernor’s office.

“Well, Governor,” asked the veteran
sleuth, “what did you think of the
Hauptmann verdict?”

The Governor’s eyes narrowed and he
puffed away _on a cigar some time before
answering. “Don’t say anything about this,
Ellis,” the Chief Executive said at length,
“but I’m going to look into this thing.
I don’t think Hauptmann’s conviction
solves this mystery by any means. Just
consider, if you will, the picture of that
crime that is to be deduced from the
evidence presented at the trial. Accord-
ing to that evidence one man—one man,
mind you— built a ladder, explored the
territory around the Lindbergh home, as-
certained that on the night of the kid-
napping the Lindberghs would be in their
Hopewell home for the first time on a
Tuesday night, located the nursery, dis-
covered the one window in the entire
house that was not fastened, eradicated all
finger-prints of himself, entered and’ left
the house by means of a ladder that
reached three feet short of the window,
removed and disposed of the body, wrote
all the ransom notes, successfully car-
ried on ransom negotiations, disposed of
a goodly quantity of the ransom money,
and evaded the best police brains in the
world for more than two years. That’s
a pretty large order for one man and I
have my doubts that Hauptmann or any-
one else who is not a super criminal
could have done all those things without
aid of some sort.”

“J agree with you_one hundred per
cent, Governor,” said Parker.

“Another thing that puzzles me,” the
Governor went on, “is the fact that, prior
to Hauptmann’s arrest, the State Police
and all other investigating authorities
went on record as being 0 the opinion
that the crime was committed by more

(Continued from page 65)

than one person. Now, all of a sudden,
those interested in the solution of the
case say nothing about any person except
Hauptmann.”

The Governor was silent for a while.
When he spoke again, his voice was tense.
“I’m worried, Ellis,” he said. “I’m wor-
ried about the eagerness of certain offi-
cials to wipe this case from the books.
Y’m holding no briefs for Hauptmann. If

‘he’s involved in that baby’s death, the

electric chair is too good for him. But
it seems to me, Ellis, that certain men in
this investigation are actually afraid that
they'll find accomplices.”

During the Governor’s conversation
with Parker, the subject of John Hughes
Curtis was brought: up. Curtis was the
Norfolk shipbuilder who injected himself
into the case and gained the confidence
of Colonel Lindbergh when he claimed to
be in contact with the kidnappers. Cur-
tis had eventually confessed to Inspector
Harry Walsh of the Jersey City Police
Department that his stories of contact
with the kidnappers had been fabricated
because he was broke and wanted to be
in a position to sell a sensational tale to
a newspaper for a high price.

Long before Hauptmann, was arrested,
Curtis had gone on trial in Flemington
in the very courtroom where Hauptmann
was later tried, and the Norfolk man was
convicted, not of perpetrating a hoax, but
of having actually had contact with a
gang of kidnappers responsible for the ab-
duction and death of the Lindbergh baby,
and of obstructing the investigation by
giving investigators misleading tnforma-
tion about the gang. Hoffman pointed
out to Parker that the Curtis and Haupt-
mann convictions did not jibe. Here
was one man convicted of having with-
held information about the “gang” and
later a second man sent to death for be-
ing the sole perpetrator of the kidnapping.

Hoffman sent a secretary for the tran-
script of the Curtis trial, which he had
carefully studied, and began to thumb
through it. “Curtis,” he said, “named as
one of #he kidnappers he had contacted
a man known only as John—the same
name as Hauptmann is supposed to have
given to the Lindbergh intermediary—Dr.
John F. Condon. Now, on page seven-
teen here, Hunterdon County Prosecutor
Anthony M. Hauck, in addressing the
jury that convicted Curtis, said: ‘And
furthermore, we will prove to you that
John Hughes Curtis was actually in con-
tact with the kidnappers, that he knew
who they were, and that he knew their
whereabouts’” The Governor thumbed
further into the record. “And here Hauck
says, ‘We will prove beyond a_reason-
able doubt that Curtis was dealing with
the kidnappers, that he. knew who they
were, and where they were at the time
the little baby’s body was found in a de-
composed state along the road.”

HE Governor pointed out that during
the trial, it was revealed that Curtis
had told Colonel Lindbergh that a mem-
ber of the Lindbergh household had aided

* in the abduction. Then the Chief Exec-

utive pointed to that part of the testimony
in which Lindbergh had said: “I could
offer no distinct reason for believing that
Mr. Curtis has not been in contact with
these people and according to the in-
formation he has given me, in my mind,
he certainly was cither in contact directly
or indirectly with people who had_ pos-
session of our child. T felt it was essen-
tiul to devote every effort to find out

who these people were and if possible to
bring about a return of the baby. And if
not, to bring about their apprehension.”

The Governor, in his examination of
the Curtis trial record, had run across
two other avenues of testimony that
struck him as strangely out of kilter with
the Hauptmann conviction. Inspector.
Walsh and Frank Wilson, a G-Man, had
testified that they believed the kidnap-
ping had been perpetrated by a gang.

Then there were two dates that im-
pressed the Governor as highly significant.
One was March 12th, 1932, when Dr. Con-
don met “John” in Woodlawn Cemetery
in New York City, at which time, accord-
ing to Condon, the kidnapper had said to
him: “Tell Colonel Lindbergh he’s wast-
ing his time with those people down soud;
they are not the ride parties.” Later, in
the same interview with the criminal, ac-
cording to Condon, John, in response to
a question as to the whereabouts of the
baby, replied: “It is not up north or in
Norfolk.”

The second date that intrigued the
Governor was March 22nd—ten days after
the episode in Woodlawn Cemetery. That
was the day. that Curtis visited the
Lindbergh home for the first time and
told Colonel Lindbergh about his con-
tact with the gang.

Thus were the following questions raised
in Governor Hoffman’s mind:

If Colonel Lindbergh was convinced
that Dr. Condon had contact with the
kidnappers, why did he enter into nego-
tiations with Curtis?

HAT did Curtis say, or show, to Col-

onel Lindbergh that warranted his
belief that Curtis actually was in. touch
with the criminals?

How did Dr. Condon’s “John” know, on
March 12th—prior to the Curtis negotia-
tions—about “the people down soud or
about Norfolk?”

Was the State right on obtaining a con-
viction, of Curtis based on obstructing
justice after having actually had contact
with a “gang” of kidnappers, or was the
State right in prosecuting Hauptmann as
a lone wolf?

Since it was evident that the prosecu-
tion was wrong in either one case or the
other, is it not obvious that the State
and the courts are not infallible and that
every possible inquiry is warranted before
final action be taken in such an important
case?

The obvious discrepancies existing be-
tween testimony at the Curtis and Haupt-
mann trials, and Hoffman’s belief that
one man couldn’t have carried out all the
details of the crime without aid, were the
two springboards from which the Gov-
ernor leaped into the sea of mystery sur-
rounding the case.

Quietly, and with explicit instructions
to his subordinates not to permit word to
get out that he was conducting a personal
investigation of the facts leading to
Hauptmann’s conviction, Hoffman sent
for certain State Police records and the
minutes ofthe Grand Jury in the Bronx,
New York, which indicted Hauptmann
for extortion, and before which body ap-
peared Dr. Condon, Colonel Lindbergh
and other principal figures in the case.

Sworn testimony of no less a principal
than Colonel Lindbergh himsclf intrigued
the Governor. At the trial of Haupt-
mann, Lindbergh identified the defend-
ant’s voice as that which he had heard

calling, “Hey, Docktor!” the night Dr.

Condon walked into St. Raymond’s ceme-

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76

tery lo pay the fifty thousand dollars
ransom on a buried corpse. At the Flem-
ington trial, Lindbergh also expressed the
opinion that Hauptmann and Hauptmann
alone was responsible for the hideous
fate of his son. Not a word did Lind-
bergh say on that occasion about a stoop-
shouldered man with a_ handkerchief
whom he had observed near the cemetery
the ‘night the ransom was paid, and whom
he at the time believed to be connected
with the kidnappers. Here, direct from
the private files of Governor Hoffman,
are the facts about the man with the
handkerchief as related to the authorities
by Lindbergh himself:

Before the Bronx County Grand Jury
on September 26th, 1934:

Shortly after we first stopped the
car out opposite the florist shop, a
man walked by who I feel sure was
one of the actual group of kidnappers
or connected with them. He again
came back on the opposite side of the
street just before Dr. Condon re-
turned after having paid the money.
I also heard a voice from the ceme-
tery calling Dr. Condon’s name. The
first time that he left the car first
without the money, he made contact
and he returned to get the money and
then went again down Wittemore
Street, so that I saw one man twice
and I heard the voice of one man at a
distance.

asked:

“Did you see anybody on that occa-
sion with a handkerchief that he dropped,
on the occasion of your paying over this
money?”

Colonel Lindbergh answered:

A’ the same hearing a Grand Juror

Yes, I did, shortly after I parked
the car in front of the florist shop, Dr.
Condon got out of the car and found
the note, one of the group, under a
stone near the table in front of the
florist shop, according to directions
in previous notes. He returned to the
car with that note and, as he was
reading it, a man walked by the car
coming from the direction in which
the car was pointed, and as he passed
the car or during the time that he
was nearest enough to see him very
clearly, he covered his face, rather
part of his face, with a handkerchief
and as he passed he looked first at
Dr. Condon and then inside the car
at me and then he went on the side
walking down. Just before Dr. Con-
don returned from having met the
man and made the Lg ne a this
same man came running back on the
other side of the street on the ceme-
tery side, he stopped or paused then
as he crossed Wittemore Street, look-
ing first backward at the car and then
around and then in all directions. He
then began walking rapidly so he
passed the car again, this time on the
other side of the street going in the
other direction, covering his face with

his handkerchief, and he blew his
nose very loudly after he had passed
far enough. I had no direct view of
his face, he removed the handker-
chief and with a quick motion threw
it down with his left hand into a lot,
an open lot opposite the side of Tre-
mont from the Florist font Does
that answer your question

It was not possible that the man with
the handkerchief was the man to whom
Dr. Condon paid the ransom money, for
Lindbergh had seen the man with the
handkerchief on East Tremont Street

True Detective Mysteries

where the ear was parked, whereas Dr.
Condon was at thal lime on Whittemore
Avenue paying the ransom money to
“John.”

In a statement made to Inspector Harry
W. Walsh on May 20th, 1932, Colonel
Lindbergh made the same statements as
he made to the Bronx grand jury con-
cerning the man with the handkerchief.

And according to Lindbergh, in the
transcript of testimony at the Curtis trial:

(Page 124)

I have always believed that Dr.
Condon was in contact with the true
kidnappers or people whom they had
been in contact with. (Page 140) At
one time when I was with Dr. Condon
I saw a man who, (the stoop-shoul-
dered man with the handkerchief) in
my mind, was one of the group of
kidnappers. (Page 141) Dr Condon, I
believe, is still working with the au-
thorities in various ways to contact
and locate the people who were in
contact with him. (Page 146. Speak-
ing of the man contacted by Dr.
Condon) I believe that he indicated
that he was an emissary, but the con-
clusion that we reached was that he
was not, that he was a party.

Official releases by Colonel Schwarz-
kopf proved that the State Police Super-
intendent had also reversed himself after
Hauptmann’s arrest, when he announced
that. Hauptmann was the sole perpetrator.
In Hoffman’s private files is a statement
issued by Schwarzkopf on April 14th,
1932—six weeks after the kidnapping— to
the effect that Harry Fleisher, infamous
gangster, was an important figure in the
case. Another statement by Schwarzkopf
in the Governor's possession reveals that
the State Police were searching for mem-
bers of Detroit’s Purple Gang. Then,
when Violet Sharpe, a maid in the Engle-
wood household of Mrs. Lindbergh’s
mother, Mrs. Dwight W. Morrow, com-
mitted suicide rather than face further
questioning by the State Police and In-
spector Walsh of the Jersey City Police,
Schwarzkopf issued a statement setting
forth that Violet Sharpe’s death went “a
long way toward indicating a solution of
the crime.”

HE Governor had an aide obtain cop-

ies of the Jersey Journal, Jersey City
daily newspaper, in which Inspector
Walsh had written, in November, 1932, a
series of articles about his investigation in
the case. Consider the words that ap-
peared below his signature relating to
Violet Sharpe:

Nov. 17, 1932: I am convinced that
Violet Sharpe deceived us, and that
she did so deliberately. I am con-
vinced that she was the informant—
the agent—of the kidnappers. I be-
lieve she committed suicide in panic,
fearing her guilt had been discov-
ered, or overburdened with her guilty
knowledge after the baby’s death.

Nov. 21, 1932: Ordinary police
methods were not followed in_ the
Lindbergh case. Neither Violet
Sharpe, nor Jafsie, nor any one else
connected with the case—except Cur-
tis and Henry Johnson—was arrested
and held pending investigation. This
is altogether unusual police procedure.
The usual police procedure in cases
of this kind is to arrest any person
suspected of knowing anything about
the crime and holding the suspect
until he or she has been thoroughly
investigated. If this procedure had
been followed, Dr. Condon would
have been booked as a_ material
witness.

Nov. 23, 19382: Assuming—as_ it
safely may be—that the intention of
the mob was to kidnap the child and
hold him for ransom, I feel safe to
say that they had a woman prepared
to care for the hostage.

Then there was the testimony of Dr.
Condon at the trial of Hauptmann. At-
torney General Wilentz at no time asked
Dr. Condon if it were his opinion that
more than one person was implicated.
But Dr. Condon had been asked that
question several times previously, and
had always answered in the affirmative.

During questioning by the Department

of Justice and by Lieutenant Arthur Kea-
ton of the New Jersey State Police a few
weeks after the crime, and in his testi-
mony to the Bronx Grand Jury, Condon
told of a telephone conversation with
“Ransom John” during which the elderly
Bronx educator heard what appeared to
be male Italian voices coming from the
place from which John was telephoning.
Condon had distinctly heard someone—
not the man to whom he was talking—
say: “Statti citto!” which is the Italian
expression for “Shut up.”

DNs eee mystery figure who had van-
ished after the early stages of the in-
vestigation and who now intrigued the
Governor was the unidentified woman who,
in March, 1932, approached a booth at a
charity bazaar in the Bronx where Dr. Con-
don was selling musical instruments. Con-
don was in the midst of the ransom nego-
tiations at the time but he had not yet
been publicly identified as Jafsie. When
other patrons of the bazaar had left Dr.
Condon’s booth, the woman said to him
in low tones: “Nothing can be done until
the excitement is over. There is too much
publicity.” The woman thereupon made
an appointment to meet Dr. Condon at
the railroad depot in Tuckahoe in West-
chester County at five o’clock in the after-
noon a few days hence. She failed to
keep that appointment and Condon never
saw nor heard from her again.

Hoffman’s investigators went over much
of the ground covered by the State Po-
lice. They questioned some of the same
witnesses. They ran down tips that no
one else had run down, because some of
the tips came in the letters addressed to
the Chief Executive or were picked up
by his investigators.

Among the individuals falling under
the Hoffman spotlight were two of the
principal witnesses for the State—one
Amandus Hochmuth, eighty-eight-year-old
Franco-Prussian War veteran—who testi-
fied that he had seen Hauptmann driving
along a lonely dirt road near the Lind-
bergh estate the day of the crime with a
ladder strapped to his car.

The other was Millard Whited, a log-
ger who lived near the Lindberghs, and who
testified that he had seen Hauptmann
darting in and out of the Lindbergh prop-
erty about the time of the crime. It
was Hochmuth and Whited, and no one
else, who, at the trial, placed Hauptmann
at the scene of the crime and now Hoff-
man’s investigators came along with some
information about these two men that
made the Governor’s eyes flash.

“Governor,” said one of the investiga-
tors to Hoffman one day a few months
ago, “I find out that this old man Hoch-
muth couldn’t have seen an elephant’s
tracks in the snow at the time he was sup-
posed to have seen Hauptmann driving
by with a ladder strapped to his car.”

“Why?” snapped the Governor.

“Because,” said the investigator, “he
was practically blind at the time. Not
long before that he was being treated in
New York State for cataracts on his eyes.”


Simultaneously with the disclosure
about Hochmuth, the Governor learned
that the logger, Whited, had given two
highly conflicting statements to the au-
thorities. Going over a statement that the
man had made to the State Police on April
26th, 1932, Hoffman saw that the logger
denied that he had ever seen any suspi-
cious persons on foot or in cars in the
woods or the vicinity of the Lindbergh
home. A_ second signed statement by
Whited, dated October 6th, 1934, iden-
tified Hauptmann as the man he had twice
seen in the vicinity of the Lindbergh
home prior to the kidnapping. Hoffman’s
investigators informed the Governor that
Whited’s second statement was made after
the logger had been repeatedly shown

hotographs of Hauptmann by Corporal
Wolf of the State Police, and been prom-
ised payment and a part of the $50,000
reward for the conviction of the Lind-
bergh baby’s slayer.

More time passed and the Governor
was getting deeper and deeper into the
maze of mystery when, on the twelfth of
October last, Major Mark O. Kimberling,
Warden of the State Prison where Haupt-
mann was awaiting death, telephoned the
Governor that he wanted to see him
about something very important. The
prison Warden met Hoffman secretly in
the latter’s mid-town hotel apartment.

“(\OVERNOR,” he said, “Bruno Rich-

ard Hauptmann called me to his cell
this morning and told me that he wanted
to see you.”

“What about?” said Hoffman.

“He didn’t say.”

“He gave no indication as to what was
on his mind?”

“None whatever.”

“Yl think it over,” said the Governor.
“It would be a rather unusual procedure
for anyone in my position to visit a man
in the death house. But if Hauptmann
has any information to give me, that
would be something else again.”

Two days later the Governor was still
debating the advisability of a death house
visit when Kimberling made another ap-
pointment with him.

“I don’t know what Hauptmann has on
his mind,” said Kimberling to the Gov-
ernor, “but he is certainly anxious to sce

ou.”

Y “All right,” said Hoffman, “I'll see him
tonight. I’ll call at your home as soon
as I am free. Meanwhile, don’t let him
know I’m coming and arrange things at
the prison so that as few people as pos-
sible will know of my visit and instruct
those few to say not a word about it.”

Hoffman left his Trenton apartment
shortly after eight o’clock and was driven
to Colonel Kimberling’s home on Third
Street, on the prison property. Avoid-
ing a walk through the prison, the two
men went through the dark prison yard
and entered the portals of the grim fort-
ress through a rear door of the execution
chamber that opened directly off the
yard.

Hauptmann’s cell was nearest the door,
just a few feet away, and Hoffman stood
face to face with the man convicted of
the slaying of the Lindbergh baby, as
Colonel Kimberling walked farther down
the corridor so that Hoffman and Haupt-
mann would be alone. Four other con-
demned men were in death row, but too
far away from Hauptmann’s cell to be
within earshot. ‘

Hauptmann was sitting on his cot, read-
ing the Bible, when the Governor ap-
peared in front of his cell. Ue had not
been told that Hoffman had granted his
plea for a personal visit. ;

When he looked up and saw the Chief
Executive, Hauptmann arose, walked to

True Detective Mysteries

the bars, and said: “Hello, Governor
Hoffman. Thank you very much for com-
ing to see me.”

Soberly, Hoffman told Hauptmann
that he had come to the death house in
the hope that the prisoner had something
to reveal to him. As these words are set
down, the precise nature of the talk that
went on between the two men for about
an hour is not known, but from subse-
quent developments it was clear that
Hauptmann did not confess anything
more than that he had come into posses-
sion of some of the ransom money when
his friend, Isadore Fisch, who later died
in Germany, gave him a shoe box filled
with currency to keep for him. The stub-
born Teuton was sticking to his story, and
Governor Hoffman knew little more when
the conversation was over than before it
started.

When he was ready to go, Hoffman

Plagiarism

Any one submitting a pla-
giarized story through the
mail, and receiving and accept-
ing remuneration therefor, is
guilty of the Federal offense of
using the mails to defraud.

The publishers of TRUE
DETECTIVE MYSTERIES are
ecager—as are all reputable
publishers—to stamp out this
form of literary theft and
piracy. We advise all maga-
zines from which such stories
are copied of such plagiarism
and co-operate with the pub-
lishers thereof to punish the
guilty persons.

beckoned to Kimberling and the two men
went into the death chamber, out into
the prison yard, then out to Third Street
where Hoffman’s car was waiting.

Six weeks passed. Not a word of the
death house visit leaked out. As a mat-
ter of fact, Hoffman did not even men-
tion it to one of his closest aides—Wil-
liam S. Conklin—until several days after-
ward, then with instructions to release
nothing about it.

On the night of December 4th, Hoffman
attended the six-day bicycle races in

* Madison Square Garden, New York City,

‘sand afterward spent a couple ‘of hours
‘with some sports-writer friends. The con-
versation veered to the Lindbergh case
and one of the sports scribes asked Hoff-
man if the investigation into the Lind-
bergh case was still going on. The Gov-
ernor answered that Ellis Parker was still
investigating.

The next day, a New York evening
hewspaper came out with a story to the

effect that the Lindbergh probe had been
reopened. The next day, when Hoffman
was about to deliver an address to the
New York Advertising Club on the sub-
ject of government, reporters cornered
him and demanded to know if there was
any truth in the rumor he had_ visited

Hauptmann, There had meanwhile been
a leak at the prison and the news hawks
were on fairly firm ground. Hoffman ad-

77

mitted the death house visit. Many
newspaper accounts of the visit led to the
erroneous impression that Hoffman had
made a speech about the visit to Haupt-
mann,

Letters—fifteen thousand of them to
date—began to pour into the Governor's
office. It is interesting to note that the
great preponderance of this correspond-
ence acclaims Hoffman for the stand he
has taken, and expresses strong doubt
that Hauptmann was a lone wolf if, in-
deed, his connection with the case ex-
tended beyond the possibility that he
purchased the ransom money.

All appeals lost, Hauptmann’s execu-
tion was set for the week of January 13th.
Two days before the scheduled’ death
march, Hoffman and Conklin and the
Governor’s secretary, R. William LaGay,
arrived in Trenton by train from New
York a few minutes after eight o’clock
in the morning. The three men ap-
proached a taxi. Hoffman got in first
and Conklin and LaGay were about to
enter, too, when the Governor smilingly
slammed shut the door. “See you later,
boys,” he said as he sped off alone.

Fifteen minutes later, Hoffman, by pre-
arrangement with George R. Crocker,
manager of the Stacy-Trent Hotel, was
riding up tothe eighth floor of the
hostelry in a service elevator. Told that
the Governor wished to speak with her,
Mrs. Hauptmann, who had been staying
at the Stacy-Trent, was waiting in Mr,
Crocker’s suite on the eighth floor.

The Governor made his way to the
manager’s suite unobserved and was led
to the living room, where the condemned
man’s wife waited. Hoffman was in the
room with the woman for little less than
an hour. Hoffman told Mrs. Hauptmann
to go down to the death house and tell
her husband that no reprieve would be
granted unless Hauptmann confessed all
he knew. Mrs. Hauptmann went to the
death house .that day and came away
crestfallen. Her husband had nothing to
add to his story, she told reporters at the
prison entrance.

A few hours later, Hoffman granted a
reprieve anyway. Pending further investi-
gation of Hochmuth ‘and Whited, and
any and all other avenues that might cor-
roborate his belief that there were ac-
complices in the crime, Hoffman wanted
“the only material witness” available in
the event of unexpected developments.

4 bis Governor summed up his attitude
to the writer when the latter visited
the Chief Executive in his Trenton apart-
ment Washington’s Birthday.

“Alan,” he said, “I don’t care af I never
get another vote so long I am in public
life, if that ts the price I’ll have to pay
for trying to get all the truth about this
case. I’ve never said that I believed
Hauptmann was innocent. What I have
said is that I do not believe one man
could have committed that crime. The
picture of the crime as presented to the
jury at Flemington lacks the human ele-
ment. Everything dovetailed too per-
fectly.

“If anyone else was involved in the
death of that baby, they should be in
the death -house, not roaming at large. If,
on the other hand, Hauptmann DID act
alone, we should keep him alive for a
while to find out, if possible, the inner-
most details of just how he went about
committing this super-crime. Such in-
formation would be invaluable to police
investigations in the pws.

“T am going to follow the dictates of
my own conscience in this matter, and if
that course spells oblivion for me, I will
be more than willing to pay the price.”

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tion of my case, the Governor, who had
followed ‘every detail with avid interest,
looked up at the men grouped around him
and said:

“Boys, Pelletreau here has something.”

The Governor’s eyes narrowed in seri-
ousness and he asked me: “What do you
think about J. J. Faulkner?”

J. J. Faulkner was the mysterious, un-
identified individual who deposited $2,980
of the ransom bills in a branch of the
Federal Reserve Bank in New York City
when the government called in all gold
and gold certificates. Even the State’s
handwriting experts agreed that the man
whose writing appeared on the deposit
slip was not Hauptmann. Police checked
every Faulkner known to have lived in
New York since the turn of the century
and could find no trace of the man who
had turned in the money. The address
he had given was 587 West One Hundred
and Forty-ninth Street, Manhattan, and
no one named Faulkner had ever been
known there. To my mind, this had al-

ways been one of the strangest angles of,

the case, and one of the positive proofs
that someone other than Hauptmann had
been mixed up in the case.

“No,” I said in answer to the Gov-
ernor’s question, “I don’t know who
Faulkner is. He’s not Hauptmann and
he’s not Fisch, and he’s not any of the
other people who have figured in the case,
so far as I can make out from the writing
of the name on the deposit slip.”

“Do you think Faulkner wrote the ran-
som notes?” asked the Governor.

“I couldn’t be sure from the writing
that appears on the deposit slip. There’s
not enough there.” I then went on to
explain that if J. J. Faulkner was the
author of the ransom notes his hand-
writing could be tied in with the ran-
som notes only if I succeeded in getting

Exhibit G—Four lines of handwriting,

new evidence as to the actual writ

True Detective Mysteries

(Continued from page 80)

a comprehensive sample of the man’s
normal writing. Then I could compare
the deposit slip writing with his normal
writing and the latter with the ransom
notes. But in view of the fact that he
had written only a name on a deposit slip,
it was not possible to make the jump
from the slip to the ransom notes for
comparison purposes. But where would
I find the bridge that would take me from
the slip to the ransom notes—a compre-
hensive sample of the man’s handwriting?

“’d give anything to get that com-
prehensive sample you speak of,” said
the Governor.

I replied: “Maybe we'll get a break.”

“Yes,” said Hoffman, “maybe we will.
It’s about time.”

Mere than a month passed. On the
afternoon of December 14th, I re-
ceived a telephone call from Miss Mary
McGill, secretary to Dr. Hudson, the
scientific criminologist who was now work-
ing on behalf of the defense. Mail had
been pouring into Dr. Hudson’s office from
all parts of the world from the time it be-
came publicly known that he was work-
ing for the defense. Whenever anything
of interest arrived, he got in touch with
me. “There’s a letter here,” Miss Mc-
Gill said that day, “that Dr. Hudson
thinks might interest you.”

I rushed over to Dr. Hudson’s office
and on top of a batch of mail that Miss
McGill handed to me was a letter writ-
ten in blue ink on ordinary white sta-
tionary, worded as follows:

Important.
Letter.

My Dear Dr Hudson You whant
know about Lindbergh boy please
come or got to 440 Ist Brooklyn
please not tell police The boy is

83

dear an Ist Blonde blue eyes you see
a big man in the basement
hauptman is no guilty
a friend of Dr Condon
Jhon.

At first glance, the letter looked like
the usual crank stuff. I probably would
have paid little attention to it, other
than to check the address where, I was
sure, I would find nothing, had it not
been for what I found on the opposite
side when I turned it over. A line writ-
ten in pencil was worded:

“keep this to yourself or... .

My eyes widened. For a moment I
thought I was seeing things. There,
right before me, were the two outstanding
characteristics of the Lindbergh ransom
notes—a “k” in the word “keep” of the
same general peculiar formation as the
“k’s” in the ransom notes, plus the rarely
used dots for punctuation, the singular
idiosyncrasy of the ransom note author.

I turned the letter over and read it
again. I noticed the signature—Jhon—
for the first time. Immediately I re-
called that letters had been similarly
transposed in the ransom notes.

Examining the envelope, I saw that the
letter had been postmarked from Station
V in Brooklyn at noon the previous day
—December 13th. I recalled that some
of the ransom notes had been mailed
from Brooklyn.

My first move. was to check on the ad-
dress mentioned in’ the letter. That, as I
suspected, led nowhere. An Italian fam-
ily who, cursory investigation revealed.
had had no connection with the case, lived
at the address in question. They told
me they had no idea as to who might
have written the letter and I concluded
that they were telling me the truth and
that the author of the epistle had merely

”

showing the words “dear, don’t,” etc., which when examined critically unearths startling
er of the kidnap notes


THE “S” GIVE-AWAY

This, Exhibit E, shows the undeniable resemblance of the “gg” combinations in the “Q” or ransom writing
with similar combinations in the “Ss” or Mr. X penmanship. ‘Also note likeness of letter “g’s” in word “go” in ran-
som writing (fourth line, 3-7-2) and in word “get’’ in standard writing, last line, C-7-6. _ Look also at small ‘‘a’s.””
Then compare important word “the” in last line of ransom writing with same word below it in standard writing.
Note reverse curve in connecting stroke between letters “‘t’”? and “‘h” in both instances.

under the collar at this treatment and left the office, leaving I have yet to lay eyes on the man. It was then that I got my
word that if Reilly wanted to see me he could hunt me up. first inkling of trouble within the ranks of the defense. Reilly
My sole object was to see justice done—to see everyone who spared nobody’s feelings in or out of the courtroom in Fleming-
was actually involved in the crime, caught in the net of the ton, and I see no reason why I should spare Reilly’s feelings
law. : here, especially since his actions were largely responsible for
I mention this incident not because it is important in itself the Lindbergh case being “‘solved”’ as it was. People in Flem-
but it is indicative of a lot of things that went on during the ington will tell you that Hauptmann would have fared better
entire Lindbergh investigation. It seems to me that all the had Fisher or another lawyer who would not have antagonized
crack-pots and cranks and crooks and underworld characters the jury or gone in for the unbelievable grand-stuff that Reilly
and their baseless theories and promises were taken far too resorted to, had charge of the case. And
seriously by both the prosecution and the defense, and that opinion. T know for a fact that when Reilly called to the
men like myself, who were serious and on the level and who witness stand some of the irresponsible people who testified,
might have had really important evidence, were given the no one was more surprised than Fisher, Pope and Rosecrans.
merry run-around. I’m not sorehead, and the fact that They never knew from one minute to the next what Reilly was
they sent Hauptmann to the chair is not causing me to lose going to do or whom he was going to call.
any sleep and is not thinning my wallet any, but I do sincerely At this stage of the case, I was called in on an important will
feel that the public ought to know the true state of affairs that case that consumed my entire working hours, and I did not.
prevailed. Fs have the opportunity to follow the details of Hauptmann’s
The third day of the trial at Flemington 1 sought out Fred- trial. When it was all over, however, and the man was re-
erick A. Pope of the defense counsel, and informed him that moved to the State Prison to await execution, I devoted my
after a careful analysis I was, prepared to go on the stand and = spare time to & thorough examination of the tran
testify that Hauptmann’s was not the writing in the ransom trial. .
letters. I found Mr. Pope a very courteous and intelligent ‘After the study I became convinced that something was
gentleman and he was greatly impressed by some of the de- radically wrong. Hauptmann had been convicted of having
tails I pointed out in support of my contention. I had of entered the nursery of the Lindbergh home and kidnapping
course, gone into the matter quite thoroughly and had madea and killing the baby. How a jury could have brought in such
considerable number of laboratory experiments at my own a verdict purely on the evidence was and is beyond me.
expense. Hauptmann had been in possession of one-third of the ransom
Mr. Pope took me to the office of C. Lloyd Fisher, also of the money; the handwriting on the ransom notes was called his
defense counsel, and Mr. Fisher agreed that my testimony by some experts, called someone else’s by other experts.
would be of value and that I should be called into the case. There was testimony indicating that one of the rails inthe
An appointment was made for me to go into all details of my kidnap ladder had been taken from his attic; Hauptmann was
findings the following day, an appointment at which were to identified as the man seen prowling around the Lindbergh
be present Messrs. Pope, Fisher and Reilly, and Edgar Rose- home by Amandus Hochmuth, an old man who was almost
crans, the fourth member of the defense battery. blind at the time he said he saw Hauptmann, and Millard
Reilly, who was the boss of the defense, refused to go into Whited, a neighbor of Lindbergh’s, who first told the police
the conference. The result was that I didn’t see him; in fact, he had seen no suspicious strangers, then, two and a half years

nS sia antl ,

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s then that I ’
the defense. een
‘urtroom in Fleming-
are Reilly’s feelings
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‘s. People in Flem-
id have fared better
ot have antagonized
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I agree with that
Reilly called to the
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1 the man was re-
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‘at something was
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ve brought in such
id is beyond me

I uird of the ransom
tes was called his
y other experts.
f the rails in. the
: Hauptmann was

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Reb ni almost

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st told the i

» and a half years

_ money was found in his possession

WHAT JURORS DIDN’T SEE

Here, in Exhibit F, is revealed further similarity in the ‘#9’? in the ransom and Mr. X’s handwriting. ‘I
G. Hoffman of New Jersey, when Pelletreau revealed to

am certainly sold on this analysis,” said Governor Harold G.

him what is being publicly revealed here for the first time. ‘What a crying shame it was not available at the trial.”
This evidence would have been available at Hauptmann’s trial had not Colonel H. Norman Schwarzkopf of the
State Police decided that it did not resemble the writing in the ran :

later, suddenly identified Hauptmann after some of the reward everything else about the man. What, then, was done
was promised him. And, oh yes, there was Jafsie’s testimony. about attempting to get finger-prints? Some five hundred
Jafsie was involved in so many strange situations and abso- were found on the ladder. None were Hauptmann’s. Cer-
lute contradictions and was @ man given to such decided tainly, those ransom letters were carefully gone over for finger-
eccentricities that had I been on the jury I couldn’t have prints. The fact that no finger-print of Hauptmann’s was
brought myself to take him seriously, especially when a man’s introduced at the trial shrieks loudly the fact that none of

: his prints was found on any of the letters or, anywhere else.

life hung in the balance.

Now, the fact that Hauptmann had some of the ransom The police made plaster casts of John’s footprints in the cem-

money did not prove, to my way of thinking, that he actually’ etery and when Hauptmann was pinched nobody ever heard
e-third of the any more about those casts. No, I think they were wrong

stole the child. The fact that only about on
tended, if anything, to when they said Hauptmann was in that alone.

indicate that the money had been split three ways, and that To my mind, the handwriting testimony is the strongest
two others were involved. As to the famous Rail Sixteen in existing physical proof linking Hauptmann to or unlinking
the ladder—the rail that was supposed to have come from him from at least aut i

wood in Hauptmann’s attic—I wouldn’t have put it past one Now, there were
m the books -to the effect that in their opinion Hauptmann wrote the

of the men anxious to clean the Lindbergh case fro

to have framed that piece of evidence. Remember, there was ransom notes. You may ask how I
a fifty thousand dollar reward standing, and many men have My answer is that I am in a very good position to do just
done worse things than that for lesser amounts of money. such a thing because I am of the same profession as they.
Then there was Colonel Lindbergh’s testimony, his identifica- First of all, it must be borne in min
tion of Hauptmann’s voice as that of the man who called tion were willing to testify that they t
“Hey, Doktor!” to Condon the night the corpse was ransomed. wrote the ransom notes. Otherwise they would never have
How Lindbergh could have remembered that voice all that appeared for the State. That’s the way it goes. I have

length of time is, to me at least, one of the major mysteries of often been called by the authorities and asked for an opinion
the case. about to go on trial was the author

The Flemington affair has aptly been termed trial as to whether or not 4 man
by fury, with Public Hero Number One on vengeance bent. of a questioned document. If my answer has been in the
I agree. affirmative, I’ve been used as a witness. If |’ve answer
Allright, then. That—aside from the handwriting, and I’m negatively, that has ended my connection with the case.
coming to that—is the evidence on which Hauptmann was Now, Mr. Osborn, the principal handwriting witness
convicted. Take that away and what have you? against Hauptmann, in his most interesting book, ‘‘Ques-
What about finger-prints? Tf Hauptmann was in that tioned Documents,” refers to what he terms borderline cases.
nursery and if he wrote all those notes and if he touched Jafsie’s Let me tell you what a borderline case is. It is an instance
clothing during that first meeting with the self-chosen inter- wherein there are both similarities and differences in the
mediary in Woodlawn Cemetery, surely he must have left his questioned document as compared to the conceded hand-
finger-prints somewhere, especially on the letters. Jafsie said writing of the man suspected of having penned the document.
detail that Now, in the Lindbergh ransom notes, there had been an

nothing about Cemetery John’s wearing gloves, & N ,
he could hardly have missed, since he seemed to observe obvious attempt to disguise the (Continued on page 80)

-


Blowing the Lid Off the Lindbergh Crime

80
writing. The problem there was to take
into consideration the similarities and

differences in Hauptmann’s handwriting
in conjunction with the disguise in the
ransom notes and then sce if there were
enough of Hauptmann’s personal char-
acteristics and personal idiosyncrasies in
the notes to remove all doubt that he was
the author. .

From my analysis I would say that one
could not render an opinion saying that
beyond a question of doubt Hauptmann
wrote the notes. In this particular in-
stance there are too many differences be-
tween the two handwritings, and incor-
porated in those differences are two very
outstanding personal idiosyncrasies—the
“k’s” and the use of dots as punctuation
—in the ransom notes, which would
identify the author beyond doubt, pro-
vided that the expert had samples of
the author’s normal writing for purposes
of comparison.

Particularly when other evidence may
point to the guilt of a certain individual,
as it did when Hauptmann was arrested,
the best, of experts are likely to be in-
fluenced in their opinions. They look
for similarities, not differences, and there
are certain similarities in all handwriting.
The handwriting as a whole must be taken
into consideration, not just part of it. Dll
het I could take your handwriting and
just by concentrating on a letter or two,
make it look as if you had been the
author of the ransom notes.

HIS business of having a suspect in

mind when a comparison is made is
dangerous. It must be remembered that
Hauptmann’s handwriting was compared
with that in the ransom notes following
the carpenter’s arrest, at a time when
those concerned with the case were look-
ing for a connecting link. Had Haupt-
mann been nabbed as a result of his sig-
nature on an automobile _ registration
application, a bank deposit slip, or some-
thing similar, that would have been a
different story. There the handwriting
would have caused the man’s apprehen-
sion. In other words, where the evidence
points to the guilt of a certain individual,
there is a tendency on the part of even
the best handwriting experts to be biased,
particularly when the experts have what
the profession calls a very close case or a

True Detective Mysteries

(Continued from page 15)
borderline case, such as was Haupt-
mann’s,

In the midst of the legal battle to save
Hauptmann’s life, Dr. Erasmus Hudson,
noted scientific criminologist of New York
Cily became active for the defense. Dr.
Hudson, has developed, to a greater de-
gree than anyone else, the silver nitrate
process of developing latent finger-prints.
By this process, prints on an object can
be brought up months, sometimes years
after being placed there. A week after the
crime, Dr. Hudson went over the kidnap
ladder and the Lindbergh nursery and
while he found hundreds of prints, not a
single one of them was Hauptmann’s.

I HAD been doing some work in con-
junction with Dr, Hudson and last Sep-
tember he was communicated with by Ellis
H. Parker, Chief of Detectives of Burling-
ton County, New Jersey. From the very
first, Parker had maintained that Haupt-
mann was not the man who had gone
into the nursery and kidnapped the
Lindbergh baby. Parker was, therefore,
most interested in any information that
would tend to cast doubt on the State’s
theory.

When Dr. Hudson informed Parker of
the nature of my avenue of investigation,
the Burlington County sleuth had Gus
Lockwood, a State motor vehicle inspec-
tor, pick me up in New York and drive
me to his office in Mount Holly. I talked
with Parker for three hours. I showed
him the handwriting comparisons that I
had made and at the end of the confer-
ence he was firmly convinced that I had

evidence disproving the allegation that

Hauptmann had written the ransom notes.

During the course of my talk with
Parker I learned from him certain ar-
resting facts related to the subsequent
arrest of the disbarred Trenton lawyer—
Paul Wendel, who confessed the Lind-
bergh crime just before Hauptmann was
executed, then repudiated his confession
and was subsequently cleared of any con-
nection with the murder. Now, without
going into the merits of Wendel’s arrest,
I do wish to set the public right on one
thing. The impression is general that
Parker, who is a close friend of the Gov-
ernor and who had been working with the
Governor right along in an effort to really
solve the Lindbergh case, went out and,

Front of one of the kidnap cards which led to amazing conclusions as to the writer

‘telegraph and letter from various parts of

“seen a good chance to get himself into

for no reason at all, singled out Wendel
as the perpetrator of the crime, making
him the goat in an effort to save Haupt-
mann, Nothing could be further from the
truth, The fact is that Wendel stuck his
nose into the Lindbergh case himself.
From the very first he had communicated
with Parker anonymously, by telephone,

the East, offering suggestions and tips on
the Lindbergh case. The nature of the
communications was such that Parker
figured that his mysterious informant,
whoever he was, was perhaps involved in
the crime. When Parker finally succeeded
in tracing the strange communications to
their source, he found the man Wendel.
People just aren’t picked up off the street
and charged with a murder. Parker didn’t
nab you, for example. No, because you
hadn’t been sending him mysterious com-
munications from the time of the kid-
napping.

Following my conference with the Chief
of Burlington County detectives, he com-
municated with Governor Hoffman and
the latter gentleman sent for me. I met
the Governor for the first time on Novem-
ber 8th, in his apartment in a mid-town
hotel in Trenton. Prior to that meeting,
I shared with a large portion of our pop-
ulation ‘the belief that Governor Hoff-
man had entered the Lindbergh case for
political purposes. I felt that he had

the national spotlight and had taken ad-
vantage of it without really taking the
case itself any too seriously. I began to
doubt that I was right, however, from the
moment that I entered the Governor's
suite,

OFFMAN is one of the most human
men I’ve ever known. When I pressed
the buzzer, he answered the door himself.
He had his jacket off and wore a pair of
bedroom slippers. One room in his suite
has been set aside for work and his desk
was piled high with papers. I had not
been talking with him for fifteen minutes -
before I realized how thorough was his
grasp of every last detail of the Lind-
bergh case. Here was a man who was
utterly sincere in his belief that Haupt-
mann had not committed the crime alone.
Why the papers had given him such a lac-
ing for that belief is more than I can
understand. The man merely shared the
opinion of the majority of intelligent
people and it is a shame that he has to
suffer such censure just because he is
making a sincere effort to put behind bars
or send to the chair anyone else that
might be mixed up in’ the hideous Lind-
bergh affair.
“Ellis Parker tells me that you don’t be-
lieve Hauptmann wrote the notes,” the
Governor said. “Do you have any idea
who did?” a
“None whatever, Governor,” I replied.
I then told the Chief Executive that if I
could somehow find the man who made
peculiar “k’s” like those in the ransom
notes, and who resorted to the very sin-
gular method of -punctuation by dots, as
did the kidnap writer, then I would really
be getting somewhere. we

The Governor called in several men
who had been handling various angles of
the investigation for him and _ before’ the
group I pointed out why I thought
Hauptmann had not written the notes,
using the handwriting comparisons that
are reproduced in connection with this
story. When I had completed presenta-

(Continued on page 83)