ADDITIONAL EXECUTIONS OF SLAVES,
VIRGINIA, 1855-1863
compiled by
Philip J. Schwarz ;
Virginia Commonwealth University
Date* Slave/Ower Of fense Place Source**
_/Suly 1856 Ana/Josiah C. Wilson Arson Charles City CJ; VEPLR
_ September 30, 1859 Angelina/Hny.Schackleford Arson / Culpeper CJ; MB, 1858-64, 158
*/March 1861 Andrew/T.H. Richerson = Arson Caroline CJ; MB, 1858-61, 412-13
October 11, 1861 Mark/R.A.A. Watson Arson Nottoway CJ; MB, 1860-64, unpaginated
/ May 22, 1863 Morgan/A.A. Allen Arson Petersburg CJ; MB, 1861-67, 235
May 18, 1860 Winston/John R. Woods Attempted Murder Greene CJ; MB, 1857-64, 191
/July 26, 1861 Addison/Wm. Jarratt Attempted Murder Dinwiddie CJ; OB, 1858-63, 421
/ January 2, 1863 John/Rich. B. Lyne Attempted Murder Henrico CJ; MB, 1861-63, 192
© Decenber 1863 Alsie/William Bane Attempted Murder Craig CJ; VEPLR
\/ October 1855 Joe/Charles Corling Attempted Rape Chesterfield CJ; OB, 1852-57, 445-48
/ February 1856 George/John W. Howard — Attempted Rape Wythe CJ; VEPLR
|/August < 1856 George/Thomas D. James Attempted Rape Mathews CJ; VEPLR .
September 1856 Jesse/James M. Patteson Attempted Rape Buckingham CJ; VEPLR
(Auly 22, 1859 David/Richard R. Mitchell Attempted Rape Richmond Co. CJ .
| a; 1859 Henry/James Sheppard Attempted Rape Goochland CJ; OB, 1859, 498, 508-511
tember 12, 1862 Bibb/Francis Poole Attempted Rape Sussex CJ; OB, 1852-64, unpaginated
_ June 26, 1863 Henry/Thomas I. Penn Burg. /Stl. Patrick CJ; OB, 1858-64, 487
0 ewe 10, 1858 Jane/Chris. Musgrove Murder owner Bedford CJ; OB, 1858-61, 87
March 23, 1860 Eliza/Est. Wm. Croxton Murder owner Essex CJ; OB, 1853-63, 696-98
March 23, 1860 Ann/Est. Wn. Croxton Murder ower Essex CJ; OB, 1853-63, 696-98
\/ May 1863 Sarah/Est.Terisha Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
\/ May 1863 Jane/Est.Terisha Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
\/ May 1863 Bet/Est.Terisha Dillard Murder owner Arherst CJ; VEPLR
Vv May 1863 Seaton/Est.Terish.Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
./ May 1863 Ammstead/Est.Teri.Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
\ May 1863 George/Est.Terish.Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
/ September 11, 1863 Landon/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner Powhatan CJ; VEPLR
September 11, 1863 Joe/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner Powhatan CJ; VEPLR
_/ September 11, 1863 Jaque/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner Powhatan CJ; VEPLR
1863 ?/J.B. Gardner Unspec. felony Hanover CJ
Sources: "'CJ'': Virginia Treasury Office, Cash Disbursements Journals, Virginia State Library, arranged by fiscal year
(October-Septenber), month, and purpose of expenditure—''Slaves Condemned'' and "Slaves Executed," the former covering
slaves sold and transported. Since '"'CJ" only rarely identified the crime of which the executed slaves had been convicted,
I have tried to make that identification using the following sources: 'MB'': County or city court minute book. "OB'': county
or city court order book. 'VEPLR'': Virginia Executive Papers, Letters Received, Virginia State Library, arranged by date,
although "Pardons" boxes, which contain trial records and other papers concerning executed and transported slaves, are
often separate and by year.
*The date of execution appears when known. Otherwise the month in which the state compensated the slave's owner is listed.
The victims of slaves convicted of the following offenses were all white: attempted murder, attempted rape, arson, burglary .
\ January 1862 Nelson/J.W. Coleman Unspec. felony Appomattox CJ
March
and stealing, poisoning, and rape. Otherwise victim is identified when known.
|
|
|
Trial Date
APPENDIX TWO
Slaves Hanged or Transported for Conspiracy and Insurrection, Virginia, 1785-1831
(with a sample of slaves, free blacks, and two white men tried for the sane
and punished locally or found not guilty
Slave /Owner
1. Aug 19, 1785
2. Jul 2, 1792
5. Aug 16, 1793
6. Jan 2, 1799
-—
~
e
2 e ee MEd =
oo GET ees ees
8. Oct 25, 1799
Pee
13. Sep-Oct 1800
Will/ Edward Dodson
Jack/Thomas Parramore
Daniel/Rosey Rose
Matthew/Ma jor Andrews, orphan
Roger/John Wills, Jr.
Burgess/Richard H. Corbin
Billy, alias Billy Weeks/
John Hopkins (Richmond city)
Sam/ Joshua Britt (Georgia)
Isaac/Harris Spears (Georgia)
Hatter Isaac/Harris Spears
Jerry/Harris Spears
Sam/Harris Spears
Solomon/Thamas Henry Prosser
Peter/Thamas Henry Prosser
Tom/Thomas Henry Prosser
Gabriel/Thamas Henry Prosser
Watt/Thomas Henry Prosser
Martin/Thomas Henry Prosser
Will/John Mosby, Sr.
John/Mary Jones (Hanover)
Isaac/William Burton
George/William Burton
Isham/William Burton
Abraham/Thomas Burton
Michael, alias Mike/Judith Owen
Ned/Ann Parsons
Billy/Roger Gregory
Charles/Roger Gregory
Martin/Roger Gregory
Frank/Nathaniel Wilkinson
Jupiter/Nathaniel Wilkinson
Sam/Nathaniel Wilkinson
Daniel /Nathaniel Wilkinson
Sawney/William Young
Gilbert /William Young
Ned/William Young
William/William Young
Daniel/John Brooke
Isaac/James Allen
Harry/Thomas Austin (Hanover)
Ned/Thomas Austin
Joe/Thomas Austin
County
Mecklenburg
Northampton
same
same
Verdict, Sentence, Outcane
30 lashes
Hanged v
Hanged ~~
Hanged ~~
Hanged *
Hanged /
Hanged ©
Hanged ©
Hanged»
Hanged 4
Hanged “
Benefit/39 lashes
Transported
Guilty/Hang/Outcome unknown
Hanged —
Hanged -
llanged —
Not Guilty
Hanged
Pardoned
Hanged “
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged ”
Guilty/Hang/Outcome unknown
Not Guilty
Hanged
Hanged
Not Guilty
Hanged
Hanged
Pardoned
Hanged
Not Guilty
Hanged
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
127-53: Spotsylvania County Court Minute Book, 1815-1819, 52-72, 85-87; Louisa County Court Minute Book,
1815-1818, 38-41; Johnston, Race Relations in Virginia, 100-101; William II. B. Thomas, "'Poor Deluded
Wretches!' The Slave Insurrection of 1816,'' Louisa County Historical Mapazine, VI (1974-1975), 57-63.
154: Essex County Court Order Book, 1817-1821, 145-46.
155-156: Richmond City Hustings Court Minute Book, 1821-1824, 13; Henrico and Richmond City Docket,
September 22, 1821, and April 23-October 29, 1821, Criminal Charges, Box 7, Virginia Auditor's Item 147,
VSL.
157: Essex County Court Order Book, 1826-1830, 574.
158-235: Southampton County Court Minute Book, 1830-1835, 72~123, 131, also printed and calendared in
Tragle, Southampton Slave Revolt, 173-245; Brunswick County Court Order Book, 1829-1832, 333-35;
Greensville County ‘Court Order Book, 1827-1832, 432-33; Isle of Wight County Court Order Book, 1830-1834,
124-25; Nansemond: Virginia Council Journal, 1831-1832, 114, and John Thompson Kilby to Governor Floyd,
Nansemond, September 16, 1831, VEPLR; Prince George: Virginia Council Journal, 1831-1832, 131, and Edmund
Ruffin, Diary, II, 207-209; Spotsylvania County Court Minute Book, 1829-1832, 328-29, 334, 336-37; Surry
County Court Order Book, 1829-1833, 307, 310-13, 315; Sussex County Court Order Book, 1827-1835, 248-56.
121.Jun 6, 1810
122.same
123.Mar 31, 1813
124.same
125.same
126.Apr 23, 1813
127.Mar 5, 1816
128.same
129.same
130.same
131.same
132.same
133.same
134.same
135.same
136.same
137.same
138. same
139.same
140.same
141.same
142.same
143.same
144.same
145.same
146. same
147.same
148.same
149.same
150.same
151.same .
152.same ~
153.same
154.Jul 8, 1818
155.Aug 10, 1821
156.same
157.Jul 25, 1829
158.Aug-Nov 1831
159. same
160.same
161.same
162.same
163.same
164.same
165.same
166.same
Sam/John G. Periner (Nansemond)
Dermis/William Blunt
Kit/Lucy L. Paradise (Williamsburg)
Tassy/Lucy L. Paradise
Anthony/Lucy L. Paradise
Sam/Enoch Jeffries
Will/Robert S. Coleman
Phill/Robert S. Coleman
Jack/Robert S. Coleman
Tom/Thomas Coleman
Charles/George Twyman
Peter/George Twyman
Emanuel/George Twyman
James/John Hailey
Peter/Hezekiah Ellis
Winston/Thomas Lipscomb
Armistead/Thomas Lipscomb
Edmund/Thomas Lipscomb
Lewis/James M. Bell
Dick/John Day
Gloster/John White
Abram/Thamas Bowby (7?)
Peter/Ben jamin Robinson
Anthony/William Grady
Tom/Richard Estes
John/M. Queser (7)
George Boxley, White Man
Lewis/John M. Sale
Tonkin/Samuel Cole
Matt/Francis Jordan
Tom/Sarah Gardner
Ned/Joseph Boxley
Mack/Joseph Boxley
Ned/Elizabeth Collins
Harry/Robert Gordon
Oakley Philpotts, White Man
Sam/William L. Waring
Daniel/Richard Porter
Tom/Caty Whitehead
Jack/Caty Whitehead
Andrew/Caty Whitehead
Stephen/Thomas Ridley
Curtis/Thomas Ridley
Isaac/George H. Charlton (Greens—
ville)
Hark/Estate Joseph Travis
Nelson/Jacob Williams
Isle of Wight Transported
same
James City
same
same
Fauquier
Spotsylvania
Essex
Not Guilty
Transported
Transported
Transported
Transported
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Hanged
Transported
Hanged
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Nolle Pros.
Not Guilty
Transported
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Transported
Transported
Not Guilty
Escaped
Not Guilty
Transported
Transported
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged
Misdemeanor
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Hanged
Discharged
Transported
Transported
Hanged
Hanged
Transported
Hanged
Hanged
trespass/30 lashes
84, Feb 19, 1801 Austin/William Cram
Ned/James Bell
Sam/Jeremiah Drake
Tom/Elizabeth Moore
Peter Whitehead/Samuel Kello, but
freedom suit in progress
Abraham Browne, Free Black
Peter Joe, Free Black
Sam Bink(?), Free Black
Crumwell Scott, Free Black
Amos Ricks, Free Black
85. same
86. same
87. same
88. same
98. same
99. Apr 23,
100. same
101.same
102.same
103.same
104.Apr 26,
105.same
106.May 5,
107.same
108.May 17,
109.same
110.Jan 14,
111.same
112. same
113.May 10,
114.same
115.same
116.same
117.Nov 7,
118.same
119. same
120.Dec 27,
1801
1802
1802
1802
1802
1802
1802
1805
1806
1808
1808
Joe/Estate Batt. Jones
Bob/John Royall
Isaac/Estate Joseph Wilkes, in
possession widow, Henrietta
Phill/Randolph Hagood
Sancho/John Booker
Frank/Archer Robertson
Martin/Henry Bass
Abram/William Smith
- Absalom/John Hilliard
jamin Pollard
“Tom/Paul Thilman
Arthur/William Farrar (Goochland)
Stephen/David Price (Goochland)
Abraham/William Fitzhugh
Robin/William Fitzhugh
Cupid/William Fitzhugh
Ben/Thomas Henry Prosser
Ned/Thomas Henry Prosser
Isaac/Thomas Henry Prosser
Harrison/William Clopton |
Arch/Gray Samuel
Lewey/Robert Chapman
Daniel/Elizabeth Broaddus
Jacob/John Ligon
Balak, commonly Young Balak/Stephen
Johnston
Jeremiah/Estate John Comick (Prin-
cess Anne County)
Ned/Estate William Walke
Glasgow/Paul Thilman, later Benja~
Spotsylvania
Nottoway
same
Brunswick
Henrico
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged
Die aiid
Transported
Transported
Transported
Transported
Not Guilty
Hanged
Transported
Transported
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Hanged
= oe
’ — ,
i. Pee ee Se SO ee ee ae bs
gs a a 3 ASS cee ee
same
Oct 20, 1800
Feb 18, 1801
same
same
same
same
Laddis/John Williamson
Billy, alias Billy Chicken/
Dabney Williamson
Lewis/Dabney Williamson
Peter/Allen Williamson
Ben, alias Ben Woolfolk/ Paul
Graham (Caroline)
Sam, alias Sam Graham/ Paul Graham
Stephen/Thamas Wingfield (Hanover)
George/Estate Jacob Snith, in
possession of Ann Smith
Dick/Jesse Smith
Joe/Temperance Baker (Hanover)
George/Izard Bacon
Michael/Thomas Goode
Sam, alias Sam Bird/Jane Clarke
James, alias Jim Allen/James Price
Moses/James Price
James/Elisha Price
Absolam/William Price
Solomon/Estate Joseph Lewis
Jacob/Thomas Woodson
Billy/Estate Ambrose Lipscombe
Billy/Nathaniel C. Lipscombe
(Hanover)
Dick/Paul Thilman (Hanover)
Randolph/Nancy Leftwich (King
William), in possession of
Paul Thilman
Bristol/Paul Thilman
Jack, alias Jack Bowler/Estate
William Bowler (Caroline)
Emanuel/Drewry Wood
Jordan, alias Thomas Jordan Martin,
Free Black
King/Philip Norborne Nicholas
Brutus, alias Julius/William Ander-
son (Caroline)
Ralph/Mrs. Elizabeth Page
Scipio/Paul Thilman
Thornton/Paul Thilman
Ben/Charles Carter
Jack, alias Jack Gabriel/Charles
Carter
John Fills/Charles Carter
Peter/Estate William Presler Clai-
borne
Jack/Ethelred Edmunds
Tom/Robert Ricks
Dick/Drewry Cotton
Phil/William Crichlow(?)
Phill/Alan McNeil
same
same
Richmond city
same
same
Caroline
same
Hanged
Not Guilty
Transported
Pardoned
Pardoned
Hanged
Not Guilty
Hanged
Guilty/Hang/Outcame Unknown
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Hanged
Hanged
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Pardoned
Not Guilty
Pardoned
Pardoned
Pardoned
Pardoned
Pardoned
Pardoned
Not Guilty
Transported
Not Guilty
Breach of Peace
Transported
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Pardoned
Transported
Transported
Transported
Transported
Hanged
Not Guilty
167.same
168.same
169.same
170.same
171.same
172.same
173.same
174.same
175.same
176.same
177.same
178. same
179.same
180. same
181.same
182.same
183.same
184. same
185.same
186. same
187.same
188. same
189.same
190. same .
191.same
192.same
193.same
194.same
195.same
196. same
197.same
198.same
199.same
200.same
201.same
202.same
203. same
204. same
205. same
206. same
207.same
208.Sep 26 1831
209. same
210.Sep 27, 1831
211.same
212.Sep 10, 1831
213.Sep 31, 1831
214.Sep 12, 1831
215.same
Davy/Levi Waller
Dred/Nathaniel Francis
Nathan/Nathaniel Francis
Sam/Nathaniel Francis
Tom/Nathaniel Francis
Davy/Nathaniel Francis
Hardy/Ben jamin Edwards
Isham/Ben jamin Edwards
Sam/James W. Parker
Jim/William Vaughan
Bob/Temperance Parker
Davy/Joseph Parker
Daniel/Solamon Parker
Frank/Solanon Parker
Davy/Elizabeth Turner
Joe/John C. Turner
Nat /Estate Edwin Turner
Matt/Thomas Ridley
Lucy/Estate John T. Barrow
Moses/Estate Thomas Barrow
Jim/Richard Porter
Jack/Everett. Bryant
Stephen/James Bell
Jim/Samuel Champion
Isaac/Samuel Champion
Preston/Hannah Williamson
Jack/Nathaniel Sinmons
. Shadrack/Nathaniel Simmons
Sam/Peter Edwards
Archer/Archer W. Reese
Jack/Estate William Reese
Moses/Estate Joseph Travis
Nat, alias Nat Turner/Putnam
Moore, infant
Ben/Estate Benjamin Blunt
~Nelson/Estate Benjamin Blunt
Nathan/Estate Benjamin Blunt
Armold Artes, Free Black
Thomas Hatchcock,Free Black
Berry Newsan, Free Black
Exum Artis, Free Black
Isham Turner, Free Black
Charles/Robert W. Ross
Lewis/Estate William Gholson
Tom/G. Drummond
John/John M. Lundie
Meschak/Littlebury Orgain
Davy Thomas, Free Black
Jack of Niles/Estate William Woods
Greensville
Isle of Wight
Nansemond
21-23 Other Unidentified Slaves and same
Free Blacks
Hanged
Hanged
Transported
Hanged
Transported
Transported
Transported
Transported
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Transported
Hanged
Hanged
Hanged
Not Guilty
Hanged
Hanged
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Transported
Transported
Not Guilty
TREASON/Discharged
TREASON/Discharged
Hanged
Not Guilty
Hanged
Transported
Hanged
Hanged
Not Guilty
Hanged
Discharged
To Superior Court
To Superior Court
To Superior Court
To Superior Court
Pardoned
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Not Guilty
Transported
To Superior Court
Hanged
Not Guilty
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Sout honpon ; Dick : bi} Ka ls Co ean rly anne tous pine Hy tS IBD
Virginia Commonwealth University
srry 6, 1985
Mr. Watt Espy
c/o Law, Libtary
PO... Box 6205
University, AL 35486
Dear Mr. Espy:
Please accept my apology for not replying to you sooner.
I've been teaching intensive summer school courses, writing, and
travelling. I hope that the enclosed list is worth the wait.
As I tried to discover whether any Auditor's Office or
Treasury records would show executions of free people, I learned
that the Treasury's Cash Disbursements Journals listed all
compensation payments for executed and transported slaves. Since
I knew there were problems with the Auditor's Office records
from 1855 through 1859, I used the Journals to check on those
years. The results were so useful that I used the same source to
cover 1860 and later. The only problem is that the Journals for
1864 through September of 1865 are missing. In other words,
there are probably still more executions of slaves in 1864 and
1865 that we'll never find.
As I've been preparing my paper on slaves and capital
punishment for the Southern Historical Assoc. convention in
November, I've found some references to executions of free
people in Virginia that you may or may not have:
Hanging in chains of 4 executed pirates in
Virginia. Source: Marcus Rediker, "'Under
the Banner of King Death': The Social
World of Anglo-American Pirates, 1716 to
1726,"' William and Mary Quarterly, XXXVIII
(April 1981), 219. (Rediker estimates that
the total number of pirates executed by
the British, 1716-1726, as at least 400
and probably 500-600. See p. 226.)
Execution of James Scott, free person,
race unknown, October .21, 1803, for
murder, under order of District Court for
Frederick, Berkeley, Shenandoah, and
Jefferson counties at Winchester,
Virginia. Criminal Charges, Box 3, 1804
folder, Auditor's Office, Virginia State
Library.
Execution of: William D. Totty, free
person, race unknown, November 1860, for
chloroform murder of Catherine Thom, city
Department of History and Geography ¢ College of Humanities and Sciences *¢ 912 West Franklin Street
Richmond, Virginia 23284-0001 * (804) 257-1636
- of Richmond. Virginia Executive Papers,
Letters Received, November 1860.
Finally, I have no documentation of the execution of Anne
Mountcastle's slave in Charles City County, 1781. The Charles
City County records for that year, and for some years around it,
are lost.
I again wish you success in your project and I repeat my
promise to send you my paper when I finish it.
Sincerely,
(la/
|
Philip J. Schwarz
Associate Professor .
a
-
“a a e e e e e
2! Virginia Commonwealth University
a oy” Maren:27, 1985
Mr. Watt Espy
ciozLaw Library
University, AL. 35486
Dear Mr. Espy:
Thanks so much for sending the print-out to me. You really do
seem to be moving along on your project. The final results will be
most valuable.
As I may have indicated to you at some time, I am delivering
a paper on "Slaves and Capital Punishment on Virginia" to the
Southern “Yistorical Association convention in Houston in November.
In the process of organizing my evidence, I compiled the enclosed
table of verified executions of slaves, 1706-1784. You, of course,
already have the data for 1785-1865. Yet I've still enclosed the
results I obtained-.by checking in county court and state records
for additional information. I expect there will be some slight
discrenancies between my figures and yours not only because I |
found additional information, but because I may have classified
some cases differently. For example, I tried to isolate poisoning
cases. That meant that instead'of counting some cases as attempted
murder, murder, or conspiracy, I categorized them as poisoning.
In writing the capital punishment paper, I looked for some
comparative figures for executions of free people. It appears that
you already have some figures for executions of free Virginians.
Is that true? Is there any easy way for you to indicate which exe-
cutions before 1865 were of free people? Also, I'm interested in
data for other colonies and states in the eighteenth and nine-
teenth centuries. I'm trying to express my data in relation to
population. As an example, I've enclosed a table comparing Virgin-
fa and South Carolina; using the Auditor's figures for Virginia
and state figures compiled by Mike Hindus for South Carolina. The
yesultieuere revealing. That is, the rate. of: shave .executions,ex-
pressed as executions per 1000 slaves, is somewhat comparable in
those two states. I hope to make further comparisons.
cutions of free people in Virginia, I'd appreciate knowing some
sources.
I wish you best of luck on completion of your project. Thanks
again for sharing the print-out with me.
Sincerely,
Philip J. Schwarz
Associate Professor
i
Lf you're unable to give me year-b -year statistics for exe-
y va
Department of History and Geography * College of Humanities and Sciences * 912 West Franklin Street
Richmond, Virginia 23284-0001 ¢ (804) 257-1636
VERIFIED EXRCUTIONS OF SLAVES,
VIRGINIA, 1706-1734
compiled by
Philip J. Schwarz
Virginia Commonwealth University
March ] ;
Date Occupat ion Of Fense Place Source*
September 5, 176 Slave Burg/St 1 Westinore Land %, 1705-21, 32ah, 150
September 9, 1706 me Burg/Stl Westmoreland 0%, 1795-21, 32ab, 150
September 9, 170% : Bure/Scl Westmore Land 98, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
September 9, 17% " Bure /Stl Westmore land OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
September 9, 17% " Burg /Stl Westmoreland = OB, 1795-21, 32ab, 150
Mig armen 3 ” Rureg/Stl Yestmore lan! ™, 1705-21, 32ah, 150
7 2 eae " Bure/St 1 VYestmoreland OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
June 14,1714 4: Burg /Stl Lancaster M4, 1713-21, unpaz.
July 19, 1720 ‘ Murder Henrico OB, 1719-24, 39, 55
August 4, 1720 " Burg /Stl Henrico OB, 1719-24, 43, 55
March 2y 1721 Murder Henrico RB, 1719-24, 75, 143
June ey 2 fen " Murder Lancaster OR, 1721-29, 47, 74
—entenber 21, 1723 " Horsestealing Kine Georze WW, W294, pte 1, 137, 742
—August 16, 1726 . Murder Richmond Co. Crime Trials, 111; OB, 1721-32, 314
November 9, 1736 a Burg/Stl Westinore lan! *”, 1705-21, Bab, 150
January 25, 1737 " Pure /Stl Gooeh and wy 13541, 127-28, 132
January V he Pe He Fe ih Bury/Se 1 Sooch Lane 172641, 127 cy 248
“February iY, 1737, " Steal ing Charles City ireinia “azette, Fob. oy bea?
ee 10, 1737 " Steal ing Charles. City Virginia Gazette, Feb. 25, 1737
June 23, 1237 “ Murder Orange 8, 1734-39, 131
March 18, 1741 . Horsesteal ing, Gooch Lanrt ™, 1735 At, 533-39, 1741-44, 15
December 15, 1741 ia Murder Cooch | anc! 2, 1741-44, 17-18, 153
March 22, 174? i Bury /Stl Northumberlare! 3, 1737-43, 249, 308
June 30, 1742 " Murcer Goochland 4, 174144, 83-84, 153
June 30, 1742 ao Murder Gooch Land , 1741-44, 83-84, 153
—_June 30, 174 7 “furder Gooch] and OO, 1741-44, 33-84, 153
November 11, °1743 " Bure /Stl Norfolk County ‘Hns., 1743-1746, at date, and
wept. 1, 1744, at date
March 17, 1744 nm Rape Norfolk County fins., 1743-1745, at date, and
“Septe 1, 1744, at date
March 17,4744 _ Mnspec. felony ‘orfol County “fins., 1743— 1746, at date, and
“ente 1,.1744, at date
January 23,1745 - rolsoniny rane OY, 174345, 454-55, 1746-47, 99
< April 4.4747 is Unspece felony Elizabeth City 8, 1741=47, 536, 1747-55, 13
December 265 173A " Horsesteal ing Amelia dead, 1745-51, at date
—_December 26, 1750 " Horsasteal ing Anelia “nse, 1745-51, at date
August ?, 1752 " Stealing Northunberland ‘» 1749-53, 2-3, 1753-56, 55
September 14, 1753 fy Murder Northtnbertan! 1, 1752-56, 47-43, 55
September 21, 1753 ' Bure/Sel Northimberland WF, 1753-56, 54455
September 21, 17533 " Bure /Stl Northimberland OF, 1753-54, 54-55
December 29, 1753 " Murder Accomc!: Wy 1753-4, 28-29, and
oe myland Gazette, Dec. 13, 1753
August 25 L754 " Rape Henrico 1752-55, P17, 255
March bas Bb ie Stealing Northuberland O08, 1753- 5A, 271-72, 311
January 30, 1135 " Unspec. felony Norfolk Coumy "Hise, 1755+1757, at date, and
1756, at date
April 23, 1784 Jim, al. Bristol/John Murder Norfolk Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Prescott
November 2, 1784 Phil/Michael Ochretree ape Botetourt OB, 1784-85, 20, and Auditor's Jrnl.
Auditor's Item 30, 175-76, VSL
Decerber 17, 1784 Bob/Matthew Mayre Bure /Stl Prince George Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Abbreviations:
Admin. medicine: giving medicine to someone without pem ssion of slave's owner
Rure/Stl: burglary and stealing
CVSP: Calendar of Virginia State Papers and Other ‘tanuscrints, 1652-1999, William Palver, et al., eds. (11
volse, Richmond, 1875-1393)
Teal, 'Race and Class'': Joseph Douglas Neal, III, Race and Class in Colonial Virginia: Incians, “aglishmen, and Africans
on the Eastern Shore During the Seventeenti: Sentury," Sh.D. diss., University of Rochester, 199%1. Neal relied on
county court recorc’s, some of ‘ich are not availadie ab “SL.
TIC: "xecutive Journals of the Touncil of Colonial Vircinia, 11%. ‘McIlwaine et al, e's. ‘4 vols., “ictmond, 1925-1955)
LIC: Legislative Journals of the Council Of Vitrinia, ‘lee ‘cIlwaine, ed. (3 vols., Miclvond, 1913-191)
;
tezis. Petitions: Legislative Petitions, arranced Sw county anc date, YSL ,
“"Yns.: county court minute book
8: county court order bool
Nose, Documentary History: “lillie Lee Rose, ed., A Pocurentary listory of Slavery in North ‘America (Hey York, 1976)
Inspec. felony: offense identified as felony but identified no further by court clerk
WUB: Virginia Magazine of Uistory and Biography
iLDe
VSL: Virginia State Library, Richmond, Virginia
* All county court minute and order books cited are on microfilm at VSL. The minute and order book citations are first to the
trial of the later executed slaves and second to the proof of execution, wrich is usually the allocation of money or tebacco
to the person (usually the county sheriff) who carried out the execution. The acdition or sole citation of other sources
indicates an original or another source of proof of execution. These executions are certainly not the only ones that acutally
occurred. They are merely the only ones verified. There were probably numerous others.
2 ?
March 75
“March 9;
July +e
January ?
January ?
January ?
January 225
January 225
September 15
June 2
Noverber ?
2 ?
9 9
April 4
November CP
2
?
February 16,
February 16,
May 23,
? ?
April 16,
April or May ?,
May or June ?,
August 28,
August - 2s
December 5
? 2
?
Ton/illiam Burton
Tom/Solamon Porch
?filliam Anderson
Caesar/James Bullock
Simon/John Ford
Young Bristol/John Ford
Old Bristol/John Ford
Gabie/Hallam Sturdivant
-
v7
Mate/"lijah Mortiington
Ren/John Johnson
Ben Pacon/Noward °ool
?/Flias Wells
?/Villiam Fitzhugh
?/Isaac Howlett
Penelope/Peter Copeland
Dick/Marke *oore
?MWilliam Holt |
?/James Shepherd
Will/Peter Poythress
Minas/Peter Poythress
Cary/William Vawter
?/James “tilson
Phillip/tenry Garrett
Jack /James Clark
Moll/James Clarc
Sailor/Thomas Scruggs
Jem/Patrick Davis
Tom, al. Jack/John Cary
?/Scayth Shepherd
?/David Mason
Unspec. felony
Burg/Stl
Murder
Rape
‘Murder
x 1
Urcer
og ORM fms |.
urcers OLSON
“fuer *O riPo is: Mm
nay !
eurs/Stl
Rure/Stl
“nspece felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Rape
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Burg/Stl
“Burg /Stl
Rape
Unspec. felony
‘urder/Stl
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Rape
Attd Rane/Burg
Murder
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Anherst
Sussex
Cumber Land
Redford
Amelia
Amelia
Amelia
Sussex
Amelia
“ing George
Gloucester
Charles City
Chesterfield
James City
Prince Sdward
Dinwiddie
Dinwiddie
Orange
Norfolk
Augusta
Dinwiddie
Dinwiddie
Bedford
Greenbrier
New Kent
Princess Anne
Dinwiddie
OR, 1773-62, 222
Sussex County Court Loose Papers
1774-77: 1777, Bundle 1, and Accounts
Legis. Petitions, May, 1777, VSL
OB, 1774-82, 128, and Auditor's
Journal, Auditor's Item 30, p. 175, VSL
OB, 1772-1773, 53, 1776-20, 90-91,
and Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
OB, 1772-1773, 53, 1776-80, 0-9 1,
ai Conderned Slaves, Dox 1, VSL
OB, 1772-1778, 53, 1776-89, “O-,
and Goucemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Sussex County Court Loose Paners, 1774+
733.4979, Darel
Sussex County Court Loose “avers, 1774—
79s 1779, Sumdle ft
1921, 145
» 1775-32, 271, -and peor
ees ‘uditor's Item 30, 176, YSL
Condemed Slaves, box 1, VSL
Conderned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Condemmed Slaves, box 1, VSL
Legis. Petitions, June 11, 1782, VSL
OB, 1774-84, 332, and Auditor's
«eh S's Auditor's Item 30, 174, VSL
Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Legis. Petitions, kme 8, 1782, VSL
Legis. Petitions, June 8, 1752, VSU
OB, 1774-89, 298, and asp, III, 341
Conderned Slaves, box 1, VSL
OB, 1783-35, 5, and Concerned Slaves,
box 1, VSL
Condemned Slaves, box 1, YSL
Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
OB, 1752-33, 61, and Condemned Slaves,
box 1, VSL
Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Conderned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Table
Slaves executed in South Carolina and Virginia, 1800-1854
Slaves executed Slaves executed Slave popula— Slave popula— Executions per Executions per
Dates in Virginia in South Carol. tion, Virginia* tion, So. Car.* 1000 slaves, Va.* 1000 slaves, So. Car.
1800-1804 64 17 34668 146151 018 212
1805-1809 31 20 394357 196365 208 wad
1810-1814 23 12 394357 199355 06 Aes)
1815-1819 34 23 427005 258475 08 09 °
1320-1224 4h 60 427005 258475 010 =a :
1825-1829 46 27 471371 315401 .10 99
1830—1334 50 27 471371 315401 oll 209 "
1335-1839 27 15 450361 327032 6 205
1840-1844 25 23 450361 327038 2% 207
1345-1849 26 36 472528 384984 % 09
1350-1354 31 27 472528 324984 -07 07
dus, Prison and Plantation: Crime, Justice, and Authority in Massachusetts and South Carolina, 1767-1878 (Chapel Hill, N.C.,
1980), 157. Population: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970 (2 wols.,
Washington, D.C., 1976), II, 28, 1168-69. (Virginia population includes West Virginia).
Sources: Virginia: Condemned Slaves, boxes 1-10, miscellanous county court records, and VEPLR; South Carolina: Michael S. Hin~
* Slave population from closest decennial census.
So as Oe MOE Se 3 eee re es ge ‘ : é “ ae he ad es gai y Py ‘
MOON iy L8e Se, RE Bi a aS, ae Rai RTS Lata RITE ABA ne Mp ios As nh ne BER well OSE BA Sl aie otk: cb aR < . - RMR Sl TES A eect SALES Se: tt lll AE SAV SME A Se iA tab ta it ai bic BOB crohns: wins ody
Table
Trial data from Condemned Slaves, boxes 1-10, 1785-1%65
ones _— ——s SS A NT OE SO OO A SO A A AE SN NY AD Se OD Se GO MRR SD SO ce ce
Died in Unknown
Executed Transported Escaped Prison Outcome Total
ns ome a Se A St A A Se Se ope sa
I. Against Property
Stealing 45 322 4 1 7 374
Robbery 14 18 0 0) @) 32
Arson 19 115 0 9 fe) 134
78 455 4 1 2 540
II. Against Persons
Murder (unspecified
or first degree) 235 101 0 1 3 340
Murder (second degree
or manslaughter) 0 24 0 0 0 24
Attempted Murder 29 114 0 9 2 145
Poisoning or
Illegal Medication 31 "46 1 0 0 78
Rape 56 20 0 ( 0) 76
Attempted Rape 17 29 8) 9) @) 46
Assault 4 20 1 0 @) 25
372 354 2 1 5 734
III. Against System
Aid Runaway 0) 1 9) 9) @) 1
Forge Pass 0) 1 @) 0 0 1
Print Abolitionist
Literature @) 1 ®) 0 ) 1
3 3
IV. Insurrection 76 50 0) 1 3 130
V. Unspecified 23 53 0 5 0 76
Totals 549 915 6 4 7 1483
(Percentage of convicted) (37.02) (61.70) (trace) (trace) (trace) |
Note: These figures differ from those in Flanigan, "Criminal Law of Slavery and
Freedom,"' 404, and Phillips, American Negro Slavery, 457-59, because, using VEPLR
and miscellaneous county court records, it was pos sible to identify numerous cases
which Flanigan had to list as "unspecified" and to fill in several of the missing
cases from 1857-1859.
~ ‘
September 16, 1779 Ke Burg/St1 Powhatan O3, 1777-84, 120-21, 145
June 2, 1780 " Burg/St1 York OB, 1774-82, 271, and Auditor's
Jrnl., Auditor's Item 30, 176, VSL
April 4, 1781 0 Unspec. felony Charles City Legis. Petitions, June 11, 1782, VSL
November 15, 1781 Rape Chesterfield OB, 1774-84, 332, and Auditor's
Jrml., Auditor's Item 30, 174, VSL
February 16, 1732 " Burg/Stl Dinwiddie Legis. Petitions, June 8, 1782, VSL
February 16, 1782 ” Burg/Stl Dinwiddie Legis. Petitions, June 8, 1782, VSL
May 23, 1782 " Rape Orange OB, 1774-89, 208, and CVSP, III, 341
November 2, 1784 " Rape Botetourt OB, 1784-85, 20, and Auditor's Jrnl.
Auditor's Item 30, 175-76, VSL
Abbreviations:
Admin. medicine: giving medicine to someone without pemnission of slave's owner
Burg/Stl: burglary and stealing
CVSP: Calendar of Virginia State Papers and Other Manuscripts, 1652-1959, William Palmer, et al., eds. (11
vols., Richmond, 1875-1893) oe he
LJC: Legislative Journals of the Council of Virginia, II].R. McIlwaine, ed. (3 vols., Richmond, 1918-1919)
Legis. Petitions: Legislative Petitions, arranged by county and date, VSI
Mins.: county court minute book
OB: county court order book
Unspec. felony: offense identified as felony but identified no further by court clerk
VMHB: Virginia Magazine of Ilistory and Biography
VSL: Virginia State Library, Richmond, Virginia
* All county court minute and order books cited are on microfilm at VSL. The minute and order book citations
are first to the trial of the later executed slaves and second to the proof of execution, which is usually the
allocation of money or tobacco to the person (usually the county sheriff) who carried out’ the execution. The
addition or sole citation of other sources indicates an original or another source of proof of execution. These
executions are certainly not the only ones that acutally occurred. They are merely the only ones verified.
There were probably numerous others.
tt ne
1863
1856
1856
1857
1860
1861
1861
1863
1856
1856
1863
1862
1859
1859
1859
1860
1856
1856
1856
1856
1857
1857
1857
1857
1858
1858
1858
1858
1858
1860
1860
1860
1861
1861
1861
Charles/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner
Faris/Sml.C.Robinson
Jacob/James H. Christian
Sam/William Wilson
Jim/William Dickinson
Nelson/T.C. Hackett
Isaac/L.C. Taliaferro
Margaret /Mary M. Butt
Julius/Mary Bouldin
James/William Jones
Herod/A.H. Radford
Johnson/A.A. Campbell
Richard/Greenbery Nichols
Harry/Greenbery Nichols
Dow/Greenbery Nichols
Colin/John A. Johns, Sr.
Anderson/William Goodwin
John/Isaac Roney
Ned/Rebecca R. Jackson
Amelia/James Clarke
?/Est. Geo. E. Green
?/Est. Geo. E. Green
Nancy/Wm.R.Brotherst
Jim/Wm.R.Brotherst
Major/Thos. B. Carter
Jimmy/Bazil Hall
Dick/Clara Grant
William/Benj.Johnson
?/John W. Watkins
Jordan/B.W. Ogburn
?/William Fowlkes
?/William Fowlkes
?/John Winthrow
2/P. Cogbill
?/Theodosia Stevens
Murder white
Murder white:
Murder white
Murder white
Murder white
Murder white
Murder white
Murder slave
Murder slave
Murder slave
Murder unknown
Poisoning
Poisoning
Poisoning
Poisoning
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Powhatan
Bedford
Charles City
Highland
Bedford
Caroline
Orange
Richmond city
Charlotte
Bedford
Bedford
Nottoway
Henry
Henry
Henry
Lunenburg
Spotsylvania
Dinwiddie
Dinwiddie
Caroline
Goochland
Gooch Land
Nansemond
Nansemond
Charles City
Alexandria
New Kent
Gilmer v4) JA“
Madison.
Danville
Nottoway
Nottoway
Greenbrier tv’ |
Louisa
Rockingham
eC
’
we we
e we
we
geeeeeee
we
88 8 888 SEES
w
we we we ~ we w we
we
eeeeeeeeeee & Beee 2 eee
eeteeee
; VEPLR
OB, 1855-57,
VEPLR
VEPLR
1858-61,
1858-61,
1856-67,
1862-63,
J
+
1852-57,
1855-57,
1861-65,
w
w
1860-64,
1859-64,
1859-64,
1859-64,
1859-66,
“
8
VEPLR
182-83, 200
349, 354
4O4-LO5
unpaginated
218, 243
304, 309, 316-17
104, 131
256-57
unpaginated
9-11
9-11
9-11
unpaginated
Py
aad Virginia Commonwealth Uniyersity,
nS al
VIRGINIA - EXECUTED SLAVES - 170-1786
sy
»
1985
Mr. Watt Espy
c/o Law Library
University, AL. 35486
Dear Mr. Espy:
Thanks so much for sending the new material to me. I plan to
do a newspaper search for nineteenth-century executions of free
people, but your figures are still a great help.
I also appreciate the corrections and additions to my list of
verified executions, 1706-1784. As you can see from the enclosed,
I have made-the-necessary additions and corrections to the list. I
have also added known names. Let me, however, indicate why I did
not add all of the cases you gave to me.
The 1705 execution of Sarah does not fall within my dates of
#706 to 1784. I knew about Scipio and Salvadore (1710), but..I un-
accountably excluded them. The same is true of Champion and Violet
in 1733. My information on Harry, owned by John Prince of Sussex
(1772), is not complete since I have evidence that. the governor
issued a proclamation on July 27th for the capture of Harry, who
had escaped. I've rejected every reference from Campbell's Coloni-
al Caroline. I've had too much trouble with inaccuracies in that
book's treatment of trials of slaves to trust its references to
executions. I'm sure some of them did occur, but I'm not at all
sure which ones did. The "black woman" and "black man" references
from Charlestown, Va., in 1769 are incomplete. If Mackey has proof
of the actual execution, that's fine. But his reference resembles
that of Bushman, Augusta County Historical Society, concerning the
scheduled 1780 execution of Violet. "So far as is known" is rather
unconvincing to me, since I've seen so many instances in which
slaves sentenced to hang were pardoned. I have the same problem
with the references to the 1776 case of Caesar in Isle of Wight
County, the Orange County case (1740), the Brunswick cases (1752),
and the Southampton case (1762). So I'm going to leave them out of
my list. However, it's rather clear to me that the list is woe-
fully incomplete, not just because of the lack of verification,
but also because the hanging sentences (more than 570) I've re-
corded from the years 1796-1784 are mostly from available county
records and«do not include sentences from unavailable records,
‘with the exception of those verified from other sources. Let me
put it this way. I used approximately 60 percent of the county
records that would have survived had it not been for prisoners
bent on arson, drunken sheriffs, and Union soldiers burning them.
If, then, 570 sentences are only approximately--and I emphasize
"approximately"--50 percent of all capital sentences in trials of
slaves, then there may have been approximately 950 such sentences
fin-all of Virginia, 1706-1784.
That's enough for now. Thanks again for sharing your findings
with me. Don't take my remarks as a rejection of your work. I was
Department of History and Geography * College of Humanities and Sciences * 912 West Franklin Street
Richmond, Virginia 23284-0001 * (804) 257-1636
ADDITICNAL EXECUTIONS OF SLAVES,
VIRGINIA, 1855-1863
compiled by
Philip J. Schwarz ;
Virginia Commonwealth University
Date* Slave/Owmer Offense Place Source**
» July 1856 Anna/Josiah C. Wilson Arson .— Charles City CJ; VEPLR
September 30, 1859 Angelina/Hny.Schackleford Arson . Culpeper CJ; MB, 1858-64, 158
March 1861 Andrew/T.H. Richerson Arson Caroline CJ; MB, 1858-61, 412-13
October 11, 1861 Mark/R.A.A. Watson Arson Nottoway CJ; MB, 1860-64, unpaginated
/ May 22, 1863 Morgan/A.A. Allen Arson Petersburg CJ; MB, 1861-67, 235
May 18, 1860 Winston/John R. Woods Attempted Murder Greene CJ; MB, 1857-64, 191
July 26, 1861 Addison/Wm. Jarratt Attempted Murder Dinwiddie CJ; OB, 1858-63, 421
January 2, 1863 John/Rich. B. Lyne Attempted Murder Henrico CJ; MB, 1861-63, 192
"December 1863 Alsie/William Bane Attempted Murder Craig CJ; VEPLR
\: October 1855 Joe/Charles Corling Attempted Rape Chesterfield CJ; OB, 1852-57, 445-48
\ February 1856 George/John W. Howard Attempted Rape Wythe CJ; VEPLR
|/August . 1856 George/Thomas D. James Attempted Rape Mathews CJ; VEPLR
y- September 1856 Jesse/James M. Patteson Attempted Rape Buckingham CJ; VEPLR
(July 22, 1859 David/Richard R. Mitchell Attempted Rape Richmond Co. CJ
March 2, 1859 Henry/James Sheppard Attempted Rape Goochland CJ; OB, 1859, 498, 508-511
Septetber 12, 1862 Bibb/Francis Poole Attempted Rape Sussex CJ; OB, 1852-64, umpaginated
June 26, _ 1863 Henry/Thomas I. Penn Burg./Stl. Patrick CJ; OB, 1858-64, 487
Septerber 10, 1858 Jane/Chris. Musgrove Murder owner Bedford CJ; OB, 1858-61, 87
March 23, 1860 Eliza/Est. Wm. Croxton Murder ower Essex CJ; OB, 1853-63, 696-98
March 23, 1860 Anm/Est. Wm. Croxton Murder owner Essex CJ; OB, 1853-63, 696-98
May 1863 Sarah/Est.Terisha Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
May 1863 Jane/Est.Terisha Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
May 1863 Bet/Est.Terisha Dillard Murder owner Amherst Cj; VEPLR
May 1863 Seaton/Est.Terish.Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
May 1863 Armstead/Est.Teri.Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
May 1863 George/Est.Terish.Dillard Murder owner Amherst CJ; VEPLR
September 11, 1863 Landon/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner Powhatan CJ; VEPLR
September 11, 1863 Joe/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner Powhatan CJ; VEPLR
September 11, 1863 Jaque/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner Powhatan CJ; VEPLR
September 11,
» April 11,
July
August
March
January 25,
March 28,
January 9,
May 28,
November 9,
April
October 10,
/ April 19,
uv May 17,
May 17,
November 9,
\, November
January
February
September
March
March
December
December
1863
1856
1856
1857
1860
1861
1861
1863
1856
1856
1863
1862
1859
1859
1859
1860
1856
1856
1856
1856
1857
1857
1857
1857
1858
1858
1858
1858
1858
1860
1860
1860
1861
1861
1861
Charles/Est.Ro.R.Williams Murder owner
Faris/Sml.C.Robinson Murder white
Jacob/James H. Christian Murder white:
Sam/William Wilson Murder white
Jim/William Dickinson Murder white
Nelson/T.C. Hackett Murder white
Isaac/L.C. Taliaferro Murder white
Margaret /Mary M. Butt Murder white
Julius/Mary Bouldin Murder slave
James/William Jones Murder slave
Herod/A.H. Radford
Johnson/A.A. Campbell
Richard/Greenbery Nichols
Harry/Greenbery Nichols
Dow/Greenbery Nichols
Colin/John A. Johns, Sr.
Anderson/William Goodwin
John/Isaac Roney
Ned/Rebecca R. Jackson
Amelia/James Clarke
?/Est. Geo. E. Green
?/Est. Geo. E. Green
Nancy/Wm.R.Brotherst
Jim/Wm.R.Brotherst
Major/Thos. B. Carter
Jimny/Bazil Hall
Dick/Clara Grant
William/Benj.Johnson
?/John W. Watkins
Jordan/B.W. Ogburn
?/William Fowlkes
?/William Fowlkes
?/John Winthrow
2/P. Cogbill
?/Theodosia Stevens
Murder slave
Murder unknown
Poisoning
Poisoning
Poisoning
Poisoning
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
felony
Powhatan
Bedford
Charles City
Highland
Bedford
Caroline
Orange
Richmond city
Charlotte
Bedford
Bedford
Nottoway
Henry
Henry
Henry
Lunenburg
Spotsylvania
Dinwiddie
Dinwiddie
Caroline
Goochland
Gooch Land
Nansemond
Nansemond
Charles City
Alexandria
New Kent
Gilmer
Madison
Danville
Nottoway
Nottoway
Greenbrier
Louisa
Rockingham
we
we we we we we we we w ee we we w we w we we
SEUQee ee oe eek aewerk C CBC R: BO Be Bee ee ek
VEPLR
OB, 1855-57,
OB, 1858-61,
MB, 1858-61,
MB, 1856-67,
MB, 1862-63,
OB, 1852-57,
OB, 1855-57,
OB, 1861-65,
MB, 1860-64,
OB, 1859-64,
OB, 1859-64,
OB, 1859-64,
MB, 1859-66,
182-83, 200
349, 354
404—405
unpaginated
218, 243
304, 309, 316-17
104, 131
256-57
unpag inated
9-11
9-11
9-11
unpaginated
January 1862 Nelson/J.W. Coleman Unspec. felony Appomattox CJ
March 1863 ?/J.B. Gardner Unspec. felony Hanover ey
Sources: '"'CJ'"': Virginia Treasury Office, Cash Disbursements Journals, Virginia State Library, arranged by fiscal year
(October-Septerber), month, and purpose of expenditure—''Slaves Condemned" and ''Slaves Executed,"' the former covering
slaves sold and transported. Since ''CJ"' only rarely identified the crime of which the executed slaves had been convicted,
I have tried to make that identification using the following sources: 'MB'': County or city court minute book. ''OB'': county
or city court order book. ''VEPLR'': Virginia Executive Papers, Letters Received, Virginia State Library, arranged by date,
although "Pardons" boxes, which contain trial records and other papers concerning executed and transported slaves, are
often separate and by year.
*The date of execution appears when known. Otherwise the month in which the state compensated the slave's owner is listed.
The victims of slaves convicted of the following offenses were all white: attempted murder, attempted rape : arson, burglary
and stealing, poisoning, and rape. Otherwise victim is identified when known.
Table
Slaves executed in South Carolina and Virginia, 1800-1854
Slaves executed Slaves executed Slave popula- = Slave ponula— Executions per Executions per
Dates in Virginia in South Carol. tion, Virginia* tion, So. Car.* 1000 Slaves, Va.* 1000 slaves, So. Car.
1800-1804 64 17 346968 146151 018 012
1305-1809 31 20 304357 199355 208 10
1810-1314 23 12 394357 194355 4 Aa
1815-1819 34 2 42705 25R475 218 09
1320-1224 Lh, 60 427005 2599475 019 ait
1825-1829 46 27 471371 315401 10 Pt
1230-1334 oo) 27 471371 215401 11 609
1935-1339 27 15 450% 1 3270732 6 095
1840-1844 25 e 450%1 32.7933 50) 07
1345-1849 26 36 472528 IP49R4 es) C9
1350-1354 31 27 472523 324084 s0? 207
Sources: Virginia: Condemned Slaves, boxes 1-10, miscellanous county court records, and YEPLR; South Carolina: Michael S. Hin—
dus, Prison and Plantation: Crime, Justice, and Authority in Massachusetts and South Carolina, 1757-1878 (Chapel Nill, N.C.,
1980), 157. Population: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970 (2 vols.,
Washington, D.C., 1976), II, 28, 1168-469. (Virginia population includes “est Virginia).
* Slave population from closest decennial census.
a . »
icine ts mia te late te at ats let iain, a be heh nied ache oat bat a remem satidme ries Nirvana aadldies. seebichionshns « Bie nee be cecal ioe in mot Sokisimnninabecs’ iu saodetine tatty lla cieuintetcicdiannsce -
September 16, 1779 " Rurg/Stl Powhatan 3, 1777-84, 120-21, 145
June 2, 1780 " Bure/Stl York ‘OW, 1774482, 271, and Auditor's
Jrnl., Auditor's Item 30, 176, VSL
April 451175 . Wnspec. felony Charles City Lepis. Petitions, June 11, 1782, VSL
November 15, 1 Rape Chesterfield OB, 1774-84, 332, and Auditor's
- Jrmil., Auditor's Item 30, 174, VSL
February 16, 2782 ol Bure /Stl Dinviddie Legis. Petitions, June 8, 1742, VSL
February 16, 1782 " Bureg/Stl Dinwiddie Legis. Petitions, June 8, 1782, VSL
May 23, 1782 ¥ Rape . Orange OB, 1774-89, 208, and CVSP, III, 341
November 2, 1784 " Rape Botetourt O03, 1734-85, 20, and Auditor's Jrnl.
Auditor's Item 30, 175-76, VSL
Abbreviations:
Admin. inedicine: giving medicine to someone without pemnission of slave's owner
Burg/Stl: burglary and stealing
CVSP: Calendar of Vireinia State Papers and Other Manuscripts, 1452-159, William Palmer, et al., eds. (11
vols., Richnond, 1375-1893) ea |
LUC: Ivzislative Journals of the Council of Virginia, I... ‘icllwaine, ed. (3 vols., Richmond, 1913-1919)
Legis. Petitions: Legislative Petitions, arranged by county an? date, VSI.
Mins.: county court ininute book
OB: county court order hook
Unspece felony: offense identified as felony but identified no further by court clerk
VHB: Virginia Magazine of History and Riozraphy
VSL: Virsinia State Library, Richmond, Virginia
* All county court minute and orcer books cited are on nicrofil at YO. Tae ninure and order book citations
are first to the trial of the later executed slaves and secon! to the iro! of execution, which is usually the
allocation of money or tobacco to the person (usually the county sheriff) who carried out the execution. The
addition or sole citation of other sources indicates an orizinal or aitixr source of proof of execution. These
executions are certainly not the only ones that acutally cecurred. They are merely the only ones verified.
There were probably numerous others.
Table
Trial data from Condemned Slaves, boxes 1-10, 1785-155
ee
Died in Unknown
Executec Transported Fscaped Prison Outcome Total
I. Against Property
Stealing 45 322 4 1 2 374
Robbery 14 18 @) 9) ) 32
Arson 19 115 @) 9) @) 134
78 455 4 1 A 540
II. Against Persons
Murder ‘unspecified
or first degree) ab 101 0 1 3 340
Murder (second degree
or manslaughter) @) — 24 @ 0 0 24
> Attempted Murder 29 114 0 9 2 145
Poisoning or
Illegal Medication 31 ‘46 1 2) 9) 78
Rape 56 20 9) 9 ) 76
Attemnted Rape 17 29 9) ®) 0 46
Assault Go 20 1 0) @) 25
| a72 354 2 1 5 734
III. Against System
Aid Runaway 0) 1 {) 9) @) 1
Forge Pass 8) 1 ¢) 9) @) 1
Print Abolitionist
Literature @) 1 ) a) 9) 1
3 3
IV. Insurrection 76 50 0 l ; ees
Vv. Unspecified 23 53 ) ) @) 76
Totals 549 915 6 A 7 1483
(Percentage of convicted) (37.02) (61.70) (grace)... (trace) Ctrace)
w Note: These figures differ from those in Flanigan, "Criminal Law of Slavery and
Freedom,"' 404, and Phillips, American Negro Slavery, 457-59, because, usinz VEPLR
and miscellaneous county court records, it was pos sible to identify numerous cases
which Flanigan had to list as "unspecified" and to fill in several of the missing
cases from 1857-1859,
‘fay
May
“~~ _June
June
July
July
August
“\_November
Decembe r
January
August
September
September
September
September
October
October
1761
1763
1765
1765
1765
1766
1767
1767
1747
1767
1769
1769
1770
1770
1771
1772
1772
1772
1772
1772
1772
1772
1772
1772
1772
1773
P773
1773
1773
1773
1773
1773
1773
eae:
1773
1774
1774
1777
1777
Liv
1778
1778
1778
1779
tt
Burg/Stl
Murder
Arson
Admin. medicine
Poisoning
Stealing
Murder
Murder
Murder
Rape/Burg
Murder
Murder
Rurg/Stl
Rurg/Stl
Pure /Stl
Unspec. felony
Mnspec. felony
Poisoning
Poisoning
Rape
Burg /St]
Mnspec. felony
linspec. felony
Infanticide
Mnspec. felony
Bure /Stl
Unspec. felony
Rape
Urspece felony
UInspec. felony
Attd. Murder/Pois.
Stealing
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
jure /Stl
Inspec. felony
Burg /Stl
Murder
Murder
‘urder
Murder
Murder/Poison
Isle of Wight
Augusta
Isle of Wight
Goochland
Goochland
Accomack
Loudoun
Loudoun
Acconack
Accomac!<
Stafford
Stafford
Southampton
Direiddie
Pittsylvania
Norfolk County
Prince Villian
Middlesex
Brunswick
‘eel Lenbur2
Halifax
: L-
yO.
Pure /Stl } 7 \e”
Rape a cael
Sussex
Sussex 7
Charles City
Norfolk County
Brunswici«
Prince George
Acconnicic
Prince Seore
Pre. Will tam
, Lue
Sussex ace
Henrico
Cunnber Lane!
Mock] enbure
Prince “eoree
Charles City
Charlotte
re
Avherst ,
Sussex (ee
CQaunber) and
Anelia
Amelia
Amelia
ce in , f
Sussex 3,
lus
0%, 1759-42, 254, 268
OB, 1763-64, 324-26, 328
OB, 1764-63, 115, 251
O03, 1765-66, 126-27, 177
Wy 176-66, 126-27, 177
OR, 1765-67, 220-21, 359
OW, 1755-57, 236-37, 1757-70, 149
OR, 1765-457, 236-37, 1767-70, 149
OR, 1767-58, 61-62, 364
On, 1747-62, 253-54, 364
Virginia Gazette, July 20, 1769
Virvzinia Gazette, July 20, 1769
ORB, 1763-72, 272-73, 341
LCJ, III, 1596
OP, 1767-72, 287, 362
“tinse, 1773-74, April 24, 1773,
at date
LOS, ILI, 1599
OB, 1769-72, 504-507, MIB,
XVITT (1910), 281-82.
Oh, 1772-74, 1, and LIC, TIT, 159%
%, 1771-73, 257, and LIC, ITI, 15%
OR, 1770-72, 360-61, and
LIC, LTT, 1598
‘Wer and Tenn, 31, and LUC, TIT, 1597
ver and Tena, 33, and LUC, LLI, 1597
LIC, LIT, 1597
finse, "Claims," April, 1773,
and April, 1774, and LUC, IIL, 1598
LIC, TIT, 1598
LIC, TTT, 1690
OP, 1773, 179-80, and LIC, III, 1599
Ly TLL, 1600
WIC, ILL, 1599
Ly Tt, 1599
JC, TLL, 1600
%, 1772-74, 452-53, 300
OW, 1773-79, 132, and LIC, III, 1597
Lc, IIT, 1600
Lic, ELL, 1600
OR, 1771-73, at date, and Legis.
Petizions, March, 1774, VSL
OP. 1773-22, 222
Sussex County Court Loose
Papers, 1774-77: 1777,
Purntle 1, and Accounts
Legis. Petitions, May, 1777, VSL
WP, 1772-1778, 53, 1776-80, 90-91,
and Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSI.
3, 1772-1778, 53, 1776-80, 9-91,
and Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSI
OP, 1772-1778, 53, 1776-89, 9-11,
and Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Sussex County Court Loose Papers,
1774-79: 1779, Rundle 1
January
January
January
January
"
Burg/St1
Murder
Arson
Admin. medicine
Poisoning
Stealing
Murder
Murder
Murder
Rape/Burg
Murder
Murder
Burg/Stl
Burg /St1
Burg /Stl
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Poisoning
Poisoning
Rape
Burg/St |
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Infanticide
Unspec. felony
Burg/Stl
Unspec. felony
Rape
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Attd. Murder/Pois.
Stealing
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Burg/St 1
Unspec. felony
Bureg/St1
Murder
Murder
Murder
Murder
Murder/Poison
Isle of Wight
Augusta
Isle of Wight
Goochland
Goochland
Accomack
Loudoun
Loudoun
Accomack
Accomacl
Stafford
Stafford
Southampton
Dirwiddie
Pittsylvania
Norfolk County
Prince Willian
Middlesex
Brunswick
Meck Lenburg
Halifax
preety 19),0" 5
Rape
Sussex™
sussex )
CharleS City
Norfolk County
Brunswici«
Prince George
Accomack
Prince George «
Pr. William
Sussex
Henrico
Cumber Lanc!
Mecklenburg
Prince George
Charles City
Charlotte
OB, 1759-62, 254, 268
OB, 1763-64, 324-26, 328
OB, 1764-68, 115, 251
8, 1765-66, 126-27, 177
OR, 1765-66, 126-27, 177
OB, 1765-67, 220-21, 359
OB, 1765-67, 236-37, 1767-70, 149
OB, 1765-67, 236-37, 1767-70, 149
OB, 1767-458, 61-62, 364
OB, 1747-68, 253-54, 364
Virginia Gazette, July 20, 1769
Virginia Gazette, July 20, 1769
OB, 1768-72, 272-73, 341
LOJ, IIT, 15%
OB, 1767-72, 287, 362
Mins., 1773-74, April 24, 1773,
at date
LOJ, IIL, 1599
OB, 1769-72, 504-507, VMEB,
XVIIT (1910), 281-82
OB, 1772-74, 1, and LJC, III, 1596
O8, 1771-73, 257, and LIC, III, 1596
OB, 1770-72, 360-61, and
LUC, IIT, 1598
Wer and Tenn, 31, and LIC, III, 1597
Oyer and Term, 33, and LJC, III, 1597
LJC, TIT, 1597
Minse, "Claims," April, 1773,
and April, 1774, and LUC, III, 1598
LJc, ITf, 1598
LJC, ITT, 1600
OB, 1773, 179-80, and LUC, III, 1599
Lig TIL, 1600
WIC, III, 1599
LJC, III, 1599
LJC, T1I, 1600
OB, 1772-74, 452-53, 500
OB, 1773~79, 132, and LJC, III, 1597
LJG,: TIT, 1600
LJC, LEI, 1600
OB, 1771-73, at date, and Legis.
Penigions, March, 1774, VSL
Amherst “ |) (@%, 1773-82, 222
Sussex Sussex County Court Loose
Cumberland
Anelia
Amelia
Amelia .
LAY - my D
Be I ay
Sussex [DV
FI
Papers, 1774-77: 1777,
Bundle 1, and Accounts
Legis. Petitions, May, 1777, VSL
OP, 1772-1778, 53, 1776-80, 90-91,
and Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
OB, 1772-1778, 53, 1776-80, 90-91,
and Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
v OF, 1772-1778, 53, 1776-80, 90-91,
and Condemned Slaves, box 1, VSL
Sussex County Court Loose Papers,
1774-79: 1779, Bundle 1
VERIFIED EXECUTIONS OF SLAVES,
VIRGINIA, 1706-1784
compiled by
Philip J. Schwarz
Virginia Commonwealth University
Date Occupation Offense Place Source*
September 9, 17% Slave Burg/St1 Westinoreland OB, 1705-21, 32ah, 150
September 9, 1706 “ Burg /Stl Westmore Land OR, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
September 9, 1706 " Burg/St1 Westmoreland OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
September 9, 1706 " Burg /Stl Westmoreland OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
September 9, 17% " Burg/St1 Westmoreland OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
ie ? 1707 si Burg/Stl Westmoreland OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
? ? 1712 ¥ Burg/St1 Westmoreland OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
June 14, 1714 " Burg/Stl Lancaster OB, 1713-21, unpag.
July 19, 1720 " Murder Henrico OB, 1719-24, 39, 55
August 4, 1720 " Burg /Stl Henrico OB, 1719-24, 43, 55
March y ae 3 " Murder Henrico OB, 1719-24, 75, 143
June 2, A722 Mt Murder Lancaster OR, 1721-29, 47, 74
—Sentenber 27, 17233 ™ Horsestealing Xing George OR, 1721-34, pt. 1, 137, 142
~_August 16, 1726 - Murder Richmond Co. Crim. Trials, 111; OB, 1721-32, 316
November 9, 1736 ws Burg /Stl Westmore Land OB, 1705-21, 32ab, 150
January 25, 1737 “ Burg /Stl Goochland OR, 1735-41, 127-28, 132
January 25, 1737 7 Bure /Stl Goochland OB, 1735-41, 127-29, 248
“—Eebruary 10, 1737 ve Stealing Charles City Virginia Gazette, Feb. 25, 1737
Ca edd 10, 1737 ” Steal ing Charles; City Virginia Gazette, Feb. 25, 1737
23, 1737 ie Murde r Orange WB, 1734-39, 181
March 18, 1741 " Horsesteal ing Gooch Land OR, 173541, 538-39, 1741-44, 15
December 15, 1741 es Murder Gooch] ard O08, 1741-44, 17-18, 153
March 22, 1742 " Burg /Stl Northumberland OR, 1737-43, 249, 308
June 30, 1742 " Murder Goochland O08, 1741-44, 93-84, 153
June 30, 1742 : Murder Goochland ON, 1741-44, 83-84, 153
~_June 30, 1742 " Murder Gooch] and OH, 1741-44, 83-84, 153
November 11, 1743 id Bure /Stl Norfolk County Mins., 1743-1746, at date, and
epte 1, 1744, at date
March 17, 1744 * Rape Norfolk County “fins., 1743-1746, at date, and
Sept. 1, 1744, at date
March 17, 1744 ” Unspec. felony Norfolk County “ins., 1743-1746, at date, and
Sept. 1, 1744, at date
January 23, 1746 " Poisoning — Orange O8, 1743-46, 454-55, 1746-47, 99
<_ April 4, 1747 se Unspec. felony Flizabeth City OB, 1731-47, 536, 1747-55, 13
December 26, 1750 si Horsesteal ing Amelia “inSe, 1746-51, at date
~~ December 26, 1750 - Horsestealing Amelia Mins., 1745-51, at date
August ?; 1752 " Stealing | Northunberland 3, 1749-53, 2-3, 1753-56, 55
September 14, 1753 . Murder Northumerland 8, 1753-56, 47-48, 55
September ?1, 1753 " Burg/Stl Northumberland 98%, 1753-56, 54-55
September 21, 1753 " Burg/Stl Northumberland OP, 1753-56, 54-55
December 29, 1753 " Murder Accomack OB, 1753-63, 28-29, and
es nn Maryland Gazette, Dec. 13, 1753
August 2, 1754 . Rape Henrico OB, 1752-55, 217, 255
March 7, 1755 ” Stealing Northumberland OP, 1753-56, 271-72, 311
January 30, 1756 " Unspec. felony Norfolk County Mins., 1755-1757, at date, and
March 1, 1756, at date
ae
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Gen
: -
oe
ey
\ PLUAS
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4 Umo'lnce ha
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z= — 4
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A Su mua
of Caroline, for conspiracy in the year 1800, and their valuation,"' inexplicably filed with a receipt of
July 15, 1809, for a transported slave, VEPLR.
9 70-72: Richmond City Hustings Court Order Book, 1797-1801, 473-74.
“73-77: Virginia Council Journal, 1799-1801, 340, 342; (74-77) "Negroes Condemned...,'' as in citation for
numbers 13-69.
79-93: Southampton County Court Minute Book, 1799-1803, 151-54; Parramore, Southampton County,
94: Spotsylvania County Court Minute Book, 1798-1802, 177.
95-105: Jeffrey J. Crow, ''Slave Rebelliousness and Social Conflict in North Carolina, 1775 to 1802," WR,
3d Ser., XXXVII (January 1980), 96, 98-100; Ruth Henshaw, ''A New England Woman's Perspective on Norfolk,
Virginia, 1801-1802: Excerpts from the Diary of Ruth Henshaw Bascom,"’ A.G. Roeber, ed., Proceedings of the
American Antiquarian Society, LXXXVIII (part 2, October 1978), 306-307, 312, 316, 321-322; Wyatt-Brow,
Southern Honor, 402~434.
108-109: Henrico County Court Order Book, 1801-1803, 328.
‘113+116: Henrico County Court Order Book, 1805-1807, 454-55.
117-119: Caroline County Court Order Book, 1807-1809, 346-48; Warrants and indictments of October 31, 1808,
Caroline County Historical Papers, box 3, Slave Insurrection, 1808, VSL.
121-22: Isle of Wight County Court Order Book, 1810-1813, 50-51.
216.Sep 13, 1831 Kitt/John A.J. Heath and Benjamin
Heath
217.Sep 8, 1831 Jacob/Robert Crutchfield Spotsylvania Transported
218. same George/Peachy Faulconer same Transported
219. same Solomon/Robert S. Coleman same Transported
220.Sep 5&16, John, alias John Claiborne/Richard Surry Transported
1831 H. Cocke
221.same Moses/Richard H. Cocke same Not Guilty
222.same George/Richard H. Cocke same Not Guilty
223.same Cyrus/Richard H. Cocke same Not Guilty
224.same Mason/Joseph Parham same Not Guilty
225.same Harry/Thomas Simpson same Not Guilty
226.same Joe/Thomas Simpson same Not Guilty
227. same Allen/Ann Hart same Not Guilty
228.Sep 1812, Boson/William Peters Sussex Escaped/Caught /Transported
229. 1831 Frank/William Peters same Killed in Escape Attempt
230. same Ned/Estate Charles Stuart same Hanged
231.same Squire/George Goodwyn same Transported
232.same Solanon/Nancy Sorsby same Hanged
233.same Nicholas/Hannah Williamson same Hanged
234. same Booker /Samuel Parsons same Hanged
235.same Shadrack/Ann Key same Transported
Prince George Transported
SOURCES: The primary source for all trials is ideally the county court order books or minute books. When
available, they are cited. VEPLR often contains trial records. The compensation records in Condemned Slaves,
boxes 1-10 are invaluable. The primary sources for other trials are listed below after the number of the trial.
Where relevant, some useful secondary sources on the trial or incident are listed. Aptheker, American Negro
Slave Revolts, discusses so many of these incidents that he will not be cited repeatedly.
1: Mecklenburg -County Court Order Book, 1784-1787, 392.
2—4: Jordan, White Over Black, 391-92.
8-12: Above, p. ; Parramore, Southampton County, ; Southampton County Court Minute Book,
1799-1803, 46-48, 67-68.
13-69: Henrico County Court Order Book, 1799-1801, 372-403, 408-410, 416, 445. Jack Bowler was sentenced to
be hanged, but for unexplained reasons was transported. "A List of Slaves Reprieved for Transportation &
Sold by the Commonwealth,"’ March 8, 1806, VEPLR; Notes on bottom of "Negroes Condemned by the County Court
ADDITIONAL EXECUTIONS OF SLAVES,
VIRGINIA, 1864-1865
compiled by _
Philip J. Schwarz
Virginia Commonwealth University
Date* Slave /Owner Of fense Place Source**
August 26, 1864 Fed/Tucker Carrington Insurrection Meck lenburg -VEPLR Pardons, 4-12/1864
September 2, 1864 Bob/F. Washington Fpes Insurrection _ Nottoway VEPLR Pardons, 4—12/1864
September 23, 1864 Agnes/Wm. I. Harper Attempted Murder Dinwiddie VEPLR Pardons, 4-12/1864
December 30, 1864 Nat/Abner Mahan Rape Pittsylvania | VEPLR Pardons, 4-12/1864
February 10, 1864 Bob/Thomas H. Campbell Insurrection Nottoway VEPLR Pardons, 1-4/1865
January 24, 1865 Bill Simms/Chas. Campbell Robbery Washington VEPLR Pardons, 1-4/1865
March 13, 1865 Agnes/John M. Howard Arson Wythe VEPLR Pardons, 1—4/1865
March 17, 1865 Claiborne/John H. Holland Rape Franklin VEPLR Pardons, 1-4/1865
Source: "VEPLR'': Virginia Executive Papers, Letters Received, Virginia State Library, arranged by date, although ''Pardons'"'
boxes for 1864 and 1865, which contain trial records and other papers concerning executed and transported slaves, are
separate and by month and year.
*The date of execution appears when known. Otherwise the date on which the slave was convicted is listed.
The victims of slaves convicted of these offenses were all white.
February
June
July
March
December
March
June
June
June
Noverber
March
January
April
Necember
Necenber
?
Necemoer
September
September
September
Necember
August
March
January
September
November
February
October
{ Xctober
September
9
2
?
ny
March
2/?
Peter/John Riddle
Jemmy/James Jolman
Isaac/John Carter
Davy/Joseph Anthony
Philip/Thonas Purcell
Jack/Richard Randolph
Yorkshire/Rd Randolph
Lucy/Richard "andolph
Frank/Andrew Sprowle
Tom/Menry Griestock
Eve/Peter “ontague
Caesar,/Tnos. Minghan
Nec/ Joseph Love
Caesar/Samuel Farry
2/2
Ancco./Presly Thomton
Bristol/John Blackwell
Will/Mavid Straughan
Naniel/John Cralle, Jr.
Pliny/John Tompkins
Charles/Robert Burton
Ambrose/Rodham “enner
Stephan/John Porter
Charles/Joshua Edwards
Tom/John Yarrison
Davy/Levis Purwell
Nick/villiam Harrison
Taffy/John “are
Dyah/John Smith
2/2--
2/?
2/?
2/2
Pendoe/Georre “West:
Steal ing
Murder
Rape
Horsestealing
Murder
Pure /Stl
urder
Murder
“urcder
p “09 -
Pure /St
Mane
D4 26 Lae
rOVSOnNLNG
Pad ?
tr ‘“ ¢..4
LOSPee CELSO
Pee °
Vorsestea Ling
yy
ily
/
Horsesteating
tnspec. felony
Stealing
Murter |
Pure /Stl
Pure /Stl
Murcer
Rape
Stealing
Unspece felony
Burs,/Stl
Murcer
Arson
Acwin. mecicine
Poisoning
Stealing
“Murder
Murder
Murder
Murder
Murder
Charles City
Oran
Goochland
Goochland
Goochland
Northumberland
Goochland
Goochland
Goochland
‘orfolk County
Amelia
James City
“Northurperland
Northumerland
Morthunberland
Northumberland
Accomack
Fenrico
Morthumberland
Norfolk County
Isle of Wieht
Suzusta
Isle of Vight
Coochland
Goochland
Accomack
Fairfax
Fairfax
Fairfax
Fairfax
Loudoun
PV at on fe hee 5? 2
4 ¢ {
a we bad 5 4 @
Vircinia
B, 1734-9, tod
9B, 1735-41, 327, 363
OB, 1735-41, 533-39, 1741-44, 15
9B, 1741-44, 17-13, 153
OB, 1737-43, 249, 308
O38, 1741-44, 23-84, 153
OB, 1741-04, 32-94, 153
OP, 1741-04, 2-84, 153
iMinse, 1743-1746, at date, and
Sept. 1, 1744, at date
‘tHnées -Liletiah, at date, and
Sept. 1,°17545-at:- date
ey Fel TS, 51 rate, nd
Septe: 1, 1744, at ‘date
Y ‘ 7a, A 35, 1944. fe OO
C, 1731-47,. 534, 1747-55, 13
“MO, Ist ser., VIIT
~—= 477, g ns =c RL. ce
My 1749-53, om 3 1? 93-54, OD
}o) be c Oo t xd
OR, 1753-56, 47-48, 55
54-55
) S29, and
Md. Gazette, Dec. 13, 1753
OR, 1752-55, 217, 255
OB, 1753-56, 271-72, 311
‘fins., 1755-1757, at date, and
“arch 1, 1755, at date
25:29, 258
324-24, 328
OB, 17465, 115, 251
OB, 1755-66, 125-27, 177
OB, 1755-46, 125-27, 177
OR, 1735-67, 220-21, 359
3oston Chronicle, Jan. 11-18, 1768
Boston Chronicle, Jan. 11-13, 1768
Roston Chronicle, Jan. 11-18, 1743
Boston Chronicle, Jan. 11-13, 1758
OF, 1755-67, 236-37, 1757-70, 149
merely explaining why I'm not going to put some of the cases you
have into my table of verified hangings. I look forward, as be-
Fore, to theirésults of your work.
PALIDp Se Schwarz
Associate Professor
Oe The 176 Orange G- case gp Eve le iy
unaing LT hove encountered, Total number of Brecon
on 2, tra sy “CST.
c 1 .
VERITIED EXECUTIONS OF SLAV!
VIRGINIA, 1706-17%
compiled by
Philip J. Schwarz
Virginia Commorvealth University
Date Slave/Omer Offense Place Source™
Septertber %, 17% Dick/Joanna Pope wre!Stl “esbooreland ~ _ 3, 1705-21, . 32eb; 150
September 9, 1706 9 Jack/Thomas “ewvton Saree "astrore land OR, 1501, ah. 1)
Septerber 9, 170% Franck/Lewis “arkcham Sire /St Vesirore land OB, TCE ~2bs37ah,. 150
Septevber 9, 1796. Robin/Thomas Paine re / St) steoreland Sig Le ekg? eg EOE
Sentertier 9, -17% Codtce ! “horas Gibson "airs 7St] ystebrolacg! By APRS—-U 6 Dah, £9
? 27,1707 — Toney/? Unspece feidrey "S5CX Seg Eee foal ae
? ?, 1707 Seeson/? Masnec. Folony T380X My ere. ses
April zy 4120 Salvatore/Jathn Jaceans Lesurrect ion irry MMC ys Lig taey 2 ig ee). AE
April ?, 1710 ‘Scipio/Willian “dvards Tnsurrection 3ucry args bly 2290, PIG, 742-3. 246
? 7 11l2 | Sactef? Moasoece felony “ssex OR, 170%14, 455
Jume 14, 1714 Ton/Jane Lavrie mz/Sel Lancaster, M™, 1713-21, at date
July 19, 1720 = Jacic/Richard Cocke “‘urder Vonrico 8, 171224, 3°, 55
Aucust 4, 1720 Tero(?)/Henry 2ancolpbh = Sure,/St] "enrico CR, 1719-24, 42, 55
“farch 2, 1721 Stanto(?)/Richard Cocke ‘turder Henrico OB, 171%24, 75, 123
June , 1722 9 Wapping/Villiam Heale “‘furder Lancaster OR, 1721-29, 47, 74
September 27, 1723 Dick/Ann Fitzhugh Horsestealing “ing George OB, 1721-34, pt. 1, 137, 142
Nctoher 7, 1724 Casar/John Armistead Rure/Stl “orthapton Meal, "Race and Class,'' 219-19
Ausust 16, 1726 Pen/Thoms Criffin Vfurder Richmond Co. Crim. Trials, 111; OB, 1721-32, 215
October t, 1730 2/2 Tnasurrection “rfl'c/Pr Anne Cocch to 8d. of Trade, Feh. 12,
£731 PO, 5,5 1372, F163
October ?, 1730 2/2 Insurrection Nrflk/Pr Anne Gooch to "dd. of Trade Fels 12,
1731, PE), G) 55:1922, Ff. 151-3
October Lee EK 2) ?/? Insurrection MrfU</Pr Arne Gooch to Sd. of Trace, Tes. 12,
1731598), CY Sy 1322," Fs
October ?, 1730 7/2 Insurrection Nrfl'</%r Anne — to 3c. of Trade, Feb. 12,
| 731, PO, 05, 1322, £.151-3
June 25, 1733 Chanpion/‘utchins Burton “urder Seoch! and Mm, 1731-35, 199-297, 216; Rose,
Nocunentary History, 23041
June 25, 1733 Valentine/"owler Cocke “urder Gooc't! and OR, 1731-35, 19%200, 216; Rose,
January
January
February
Hazard/villiam Gay
George, “William Gay
2/?
Re ca TR RES | Sle ES TT POT ORI IE ee OnE NOES Ee
Rurg/Stl
3ure/Stl
Stealing
Gooch Land
Goochland
Charles City
vumentary HIStory, 239-41
, 1735-41, 127-28, 132
173541, 127-29, 248
Fed. 25, ,1737
He inte Gazette,
Ro wed “ae inbatnend ot 4 ew ee DLE a , ENB ter oes
Ans he BE es
March
“ay
September
Xx fay
Noverber
Anril
January
May
44
‘ay
June
June
July
July
A au S t
Noverber
December
January
Aucust
September
September
September
September
Nectober
October
November
Decenber
February
March
June
March
San/George West
Eshter/John Wise, Jr.
Glaseow/Robt Drummond
2/2
Phil/John Knox
“Winny/John Knox
“ill/Aaron Thorpe
Warry/Joseph Narville
Champion/Robt Garret
Paddy/?
Jemn/Thoras Hozan
Levis/Gavin Corbin
Jaci Poeht “unford (tbe)
Jucv/Vathaniel Harrison
Jac’¢/Richard. Echols
Varry/John Prince
Ned/Tobert Oven
30b al. “obin/? Johnson
Jares/Narry Nelany
Sall/John Loftain
SGruff/Frederick Jones
Jacx/Duncan Rose
George/3ernard Hooe
Jac/Jeremiah Ronner
Abrahan/Southy Meers
Nagon/Alexander King
Ceasar/Nthnl Carrington
Frank/James Anderson
Will/John Banister
Jackk/Robert “alker
Sill/Jos. Williams, Jr.
Simon/Navid Caudle
James/Howard Poole
Emanuel /Matthew Phripp
Emanuel De Antonio/James
‘Murder
Murder
Rape/Burg
Unspec. felony
Murder
Murder
Bure/Stl
Burg/Stl
Bure/Stl
Unspec. felony
“Inspec. felony
Poisoning
Unspec. felony
Unspec. felony
Infanticide
Mnspec. felony
Unspece felony
Rape
Unspec. felony
Purg/Stl
Unspec. felony
Attd. Murder/Pois.
Stealing
' Unspec. felony
Unspec.e felony
Bure/Stl
Burg/Stl
Stealing
Insurrection
Insurrection
Loucoun
Accomack
Accomack
York
Stafford
Stafford
Southampton
Dinwiddie
Pittsylvania
Norfol County °
Prince "Villian
“icdlesex
Mec’ lenbure
3
’
®runswic
ali fax
Sussex
SUSSCX 4
Charles City
Norfolk County
Brunswick
Prince George
Prince George
Prince William
Sussex
Acconack
Henrico
Cumberland
“Mecklenburg
Prince Ceoree
Charles City
Charlotte
Dinwiddie
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
OB, 1765-57, 235-37, 1747-70, 149
O8, 1757-68, 61-52, 364
OB, 1767-68, 253-54, 364
Virginia Gazette, June 23, 1768
Virginia Gazette, July 20, 1769
Vireinia Gazette, July 20, 1769
OP, 1763-72, 272-73, 341
LJC, III, 15%
OR, 1767-72, 287, 362
ee 177-7, April 24, 1773, at date
JC, ILI, 1599
fz Bal
Om, 1749-72, 504-507, V9,
WTIT (1019), 281-79
bd
Case ae Pe Se ot oat
ctr fa aA‘ 4y
NY 47747
Tr 4&NZ
tty 90
"3 SF Fre > | 274 ,
O, 1772-74, °1, and LIC, TIT, 15%
OR, 1770-72, ee mc LIC, ITT, 1592
Oyer and Term, 31, and LUC, IIT, 1597
Oyer and Term., 33, and LIC, ILI, 1597
WJC, IIT, 1597.
“fins., "Claims," April, ;
and April, 1774, and LIC, eee 1593
LIC, IIT, 159
lady III, 1600
LJC, III, 1600
LIC, III, 1599
LJC, ITI, 1599
OB, 1773, 179-80
LJC, III, 1500
O, and LUC, ITI, 1599
O8, 1772-74, 452-53, 500
OB, 1773-79, 132, and LIC, III, 1597 -
LIC, Ti; 1600 ?
III, 150
1771-73, at date, and Legis.
Petitions, “farch, 1774, VSL
Conderined Slaves, box 1, VSL
MinsSe, 1774-75, 96, and Auditor's
Jml, Auditor's Item 30, p. 174-75, VSL
Minse, 1774-75, 109, and Vireinia
Gazette, April 28, 1775
“Minse, 1774-75, 110, and Vireinia
Sazette, April 28, 1775
Confirmations of slave executions in Virginia as found in the first four
envelopes of Box 1, Item 153, State Auditor's files, State Library Archives,
Richmond, Virginia.
Authorization dated April 15, 1783 for payment to Mark Moore for a Negro fellow
executed in Chesterfield County -- 100 Lbs.
Authorization dated April 4, 1783 for payment of 30 Lbs to Peter Copeland for
a Negro executed in Charles City County.
Jack, the property of James Clark, was tried in Dinwiddie County on April 26,
1783 for murder. Sheriff attests the execution.
Moll, a Negro woman, property of James Clark, was tried in Dinwiddie County
on May 8, 1783. Sheriff Turner attests her execution. 80 Lbs.
Simon, property of David Caudle, sentenced for burglary on June 17, 1774 in
Dinwiddie County. Sheriff attests the execution.
Bob, property of estate of Matthew Mayre, sentenced on December 14 (7), 1784(?)
in Prince George County. Sheriff attests the execution.
"Three negro fellows" executed in Amelia County in December 1777. Payment
of 130 Lbs authorized to estate of John Ford.
Authorization dated May 20, 1784 to pay 130 Lbs to Thomas Scruggs for one
Negro fellow executed in Bedford County. ;
Tom, alias Jack, alias John, property of John Cary, sentenced to die on
December 5, 1783, for murder of Mr. Howle. No confirmation by sheriff included. 85 Lbs.
Benn, property of Nathaniel Griffin, was executed in Nansemond County on
September 9, 1786 as attested by sheriff. 90 Lbs.
Chelsea, property of Col. Simon Hollier, executed on September 2, 1786 in
York County. 100 Lbs.
Joseph, property of Humphrey Arnold executed in Culpeper County on April 22,
1786. 90 Lbs.
Jem, property of Patrick Davis, sentenced for rape in Greenbrier County
(now West Va.) Payment of 80 Lbs authorized on January 18, 1786.
Toby, property of William (?) sentenced on August 4, 1786 for burglary of a
smokehouse in Henrico County. 100 Lbs.
Paymnet authorized on December 17, 1783 to the estate of Isaac Howlett of
100 Lbs for a Negro fellow executed in 1781.
Sam, property of Robert Armistead, sentenced in Chesterfield County on
July 4, 1785. Sheriff attests his execution. 130 Lbs
Authorization on December 9, 1785 for a negro man slave executed in
Charles City County in 1781. Payment of 30 Lbs to Anne Mountcastle.
Payment authorized on June 27, 1783 of 10 Lbs to estate of James Wilson for a
negro executed on order of Norfolk County. When?
| OP hoor Vie pes Aacintin ede
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| [DOC. No. XLVI] Sa Ge Y
|
. STATEMENTS
RELATIVE TO
SLAVES EXECUTED,
REPRIEVED FOR TRANSPORTATION &c,
4 i
i
‘
‘f
Ld
| 18352
t :
i
| eae «
[Doe. No. 46.9 3
Executive DrrartMent,
Murch 2, 1852,
To the Hox. Speaker of the Hoxse f Delegates,
Sir,
T have the honor to report herewith the statements required
Vv resolution of the louse of delegates of the 6th February last, in
cuudon lO slaves executed, reprieved fur transportation, &e,
Very respectfully,
Your ob’t serv’t,
AWAL. Hy, RICHARDSON,
Sce’y Com'th.
\/ A
Of all Slaves executed within the
LIST
' '
Names of SInves. Iss oe aa | XKames cf Owners.
Bob, . - | Nottoway. - | Malove W. Robertson, -
Posey, rs - Goochland, -' Dr. J. W. Pendicton, -
Peter, - ae 2 - | - - -
Willis, - , Sussex, - | John M. Wynne, “
Daniel, “ - : Ealifisx, = Jacob Davis. - -
Giles, _ - . Henrico, - , Bernard Peyton, -
Bill, - - Logan. - > Amthony Lawson, -
Billy or Willam, - | Petersburg, - . Lilly Henientt. :
King. - - | Henrico, -' Claiborne W. Gooch’s estate, -
Jetlerson, — - - , Wythe, -: Robert Gibborey, -
W ilitam, - - | Gloucester, - Martha TH. Catlett, -
Simon, - 2 Prince Edward, - Wiiliam ‘T. Wootton, -
“a - +: - - Charles A. Scott. .
Reuben alics Brown, - | Albemarle, -° Dr. Garinud A. Garth, -
Bob, - : Hatifiax, - KR. Ohver. - -
dim Maya, - 2! Pinsylvania, - Samnel Fitzgerald, -
Roberta, - - « Brunswick, - Sully Exell. - -
Eliza, - an . - ) Nancy Grithn, - .
Wesley, - - > Meecktenburg, - : Philip Rainey, - -
Peter, . - Prince George, - James A. Rives, - «
feurv, - - Southampton, - ° Drewry Waller, - -
Agnes, - - | Prince Witham, - > Gerard Masen’s estate, -
Stenry Goin, - | Henrico, - ; Richard Whichello’s estate, — -
Uel or Lewis, - . Kanawha, - Litke Wilcox. - -
Bob, : - | Lancaster, -, John B. Downiman, és
Sen, - - } Kockbridee, - | Witham McChesney, -
Dick, . - | Mecklcubarg, = - Francis W. Boyd’s estate, -
Murder,
Murder,
ot
sé
éé
ee
Murder,
Putsoning,
06
Rape,
Arson,
Murder,
sé
Rape,
Murder,
Rape.
; :
Poisoning,
fire fiscal years ending September 30th, 1851; the Courts where sentenced, the names of the owners, the crimes
for which executed, and the Sum paid out of the Treasury for each Slave.
oé
be
Assanttwith intent to kill,
te
Conspiracy and murder,
Assault with intent to kill,
i by the owners respectively.
i
Dates of Executions. Sums p’d out of Treasury,
Muy 7. 1847, - 715
"Qn 8 : . 500
*" ie ° - DOO
July 39, “ - 3 oz)
= = - - 650
December 10. 1847, - B20
February 13, 1843, . 600
April 28, . - 540
May 12, ¢ “ 600
July 23. . - 719
September 8,“ - 42%
Ocioher 6, sid - GOO
oe sk = 500
November 10, “ - 239
Angust 7, 1849, - 650
September 23, * - 380)
October 12, “ . 590
“ “ - 550
December 23, “ : Gon
Febrnary 8, 1859, - 6390
April 5, “ - 700
July 1. “ - 450
June 238, si - 350
August 30, ue - 00
ee ee ‘ G00
' November 29, “ - 450
March 7, 1851, - . 870
, Total paid out of treasury. - $lSHz35 5 assum’g -
1 thatthe valuations of the coturts have been received
ee ee ae ae mone ——- ota ee ot
WM. LL. RICHARDSON, Sec. Com.
Isham, property of James Bullock, Ordered executed on April 28, 1786 in Campbell
County.
Comment on items above.
These records are taken from numerous small slips of paper which have no
uniformity. In some cases they are the actual court records of the trial
and execution, with a later note in a different handwriting added by the
sheriff attesting to the fact that he did execute the above person
"agreeable" to the sentence of the court. Sometimes the sheriff's confirmation
of the execution is on a separate sheet.
More often than not the dates are confusing. Some of the dates are the date
of trial, and some are the dates when authorization for payment was granted.
Seldom is it clear what the actual date of execution was. It is very evident
that the date of authorization of payment may be much later than the execution
date, sometimes as much as two years or more later.
In some of these there is no specific statement by the sheriff attesting to
his actual carrying out of the execution, but the fact of execution seems
adequately confirmed by the fact that these are records of the Auditor's
office of payments made for slaves executed. So it seems safe to presume
that they would not be included in these records if the subject persons were
not actually executed.
PWK
\/ A LIST
Of ail Slaves condemned io be executed, and renriexed far Sale and Transportation, within the jive fiscal years ending September 20th, 1851; the
ames of the Owners, the Courts where sentenced, the Crimes for which sentenced, the Sum paid out of the Treasury for euch, and the Price
Jor which sold by tie Executive.
ep pee fe einen an ae ge RE a ee Say FNC AACE ATER nese FASS A eR
eal weet 7 :
XN *s Of Slaves. 3 5 By what County or Corpera- | : : Sume paid cut Sales t
ae Names of Owners, tius Cuurts scnienced. | Cranes. Dates of Reprieves. ul Tames: Pecan
Eat 6 ‘ - | Elizabeth PECs - | Madison, - - | Burglary, - - | October 12. 12346, $575 00 $ 150
leary, = - - | dJoreph G. B. Rouihac, -! Carroll, - - - | Eforse stealing, -- °° - |] Noveasber 4,“ avu 09 PAL)
Bob, - - | Dozothy Turbervills, - | Mecklenburg, - - | Murder, - - - =~ 2 515 CO 463
se eny 3 : W arren = Owens, ioe Ring George, + o Rape... - - | Jannary 19, 1247, G60 C0 46)
rea ‘ - rentee Vanghn (or Baugin.®: Hanover, - -: Robbery, - - | April 19. . gf) OH 430
w t - ¥ At args is t re - . z
Ug Ustus, John i). Murrell, - - | Lynehbarg, - 7 Assitwih intent ta kill, | Aagast 20, “ 590 00 460
din, - - George Byars estite, - | Smyth. - - >) Burgiary aud larceny, - | September 30, 600 00 $25
Peter, . - | Sanmel Fitzgerald, - - | Piusvivania, — - - 1 Rabiery, - - | Octaber 15. “ 7H) OG AK
dates, . - | Willian Slinehter, - - | Fredericksburg, - -} Burgiary, - November 17, « G05 09 459
Patrick, - - | Robert Wren. - - | Richmond City, - - | . - - | January 4 1843 700 00 37{
? i ~ ; Py ; y . cs ’ d ‘ ° )
Peter Sims, - | Joseph Batley’s estate, = * = - | és e Z “ “* “ Gao OO 45)
ean ant sie oe 3 ps : 5
Beu Sarvis, - | Willian Jarvis, - si . - Assantt with intent to kill, | Mareh 13, “" O83 3: 4°39
Coleman, - - | Peter W. Brown, — - a ‘ a - | Burgtary, xe eh Aen és G30 08 439
Watker, - - Joseph fl. ‘Vravis, - -} King William, - ae cde = > a “ G25 G0 450
Harden, - - | Lewis B. Lawson. - - | Logan, - - - i Murder, - - | May 2, “ GH) 00 520
Edmund, - - | Peter B. W. Lugties, - | Gloucester, - -: Rape. - - * as G40 GO 500
Kit. : - | Fdward Wall, - - J - -io« : - | Sune 12. “ 570 00 AS!
Patiala ° - | flenry Flanp. - - | Augusta - >| Assantt with intent to kill | Angust 15, as 3300 00 |. 1)
am Humphreys,» | Eliza P. Hlerbert, = - - | Mexandria connty, - i) Burglary, * m 6) ga aes 500 0) 419
fring - - cn Seatt, - - iE cola Edward, - 7 Conspirzey aud murder, | September 30, « 3n0 00 930)
oun, - - oun D. Lewis. - : amiwha, - - | Murder. - - | October 3, as 600 00 400
seed: = - Willian L. Smith, - - Matthews, - “4 Bargliry, - - | January 6, 124°), E50 09 500
pean - - | George B-iiy. = Sussex, - ee | Rane, = = ae Py “ 530 00 610
ras olpaus, - - | John W. Foster, - pee Amelia, me 2 ‘ = | Barglary, 5; - | Febrnary 6. e Zed 00 ni)
esi - - John W. Morris, * - | Richmond city, - = Ar-on, “ : ‘ “24, “i At) OO S09
ssse aii Ae si > | Wihtam &. Johnson, - 1 Rusnoke, - - | Assauitwish intent to kill, | Blarch 29, = 499 GO 559
Of all Slaves sentenced by the Courts to Sale and Trans
September 1851; with the Na
to the Owners,
Bess SAE SE ena ee nee
A LIST
portation from July Ist, 1850, when the New Code
mes of the Owners, the Courts where sentenced. the C
and the Amounts for which the Slaves were sold by the Exccutive.
went into operation, to the 30th of
rimes for which sentenced, the Sums paid out of the Treasury
By what county or corporation
When ordered to be brought
Sume paid cut
Sales hy Execu-
Nantes of Slaves. Names of Owners. courts rent need. Crimes. to penitentiary. of treasury. tive.
Ned, - - - | James H. C. Leach, Prince Edward, Murder iu second degrée.| October 1, 1850. $ 450 $ 400
Baker, - * - | George F. Brown, Westmoreland, Assault with intent to kill.) Novewber 2, 1850, 600 450
John, - - -| F. P. Redman, Spotsvivania, Rape, December 7. 1850, 350) 475
Haney, - ° - | F. W. Boyd’s estate, Mecklenburg, Attempting to administer} February 6, 1851, 590 400
roison,
Daniel, - - ie * i a - = 4 770 475
Nelson, . - | Amanda Dedman, e “ “ “ i 700 300)
William, = - | John H. Gordon, Culpeper, Assault with intent to kill, “ 24, “ 750 450
derry,* - - | George Price’s estate, age, ” - March 12, x 250
John, - - - | William Woolfolk, Fluvanna, “ “« April 3, - 710 coo
Jim, ~ - - | Francis Gilkerson, Angusta, Rape, April 7, " 700 400
1) iniel.t - - | W. Cireen. , Amelia, | Burglary and larceny, April 9, wes 330
Curoline, + - | Hugh McDowell, Hanover, Tufanticide, April 30, % 500 359
Daniel.t - - | John Persinger, Roanoke, Arson, May 30, “ 700
William, - - | George Hamilton, Fredericksburg, ° | Burglary, June 18, * 800 525
Ben, : - - | Harriet Savage, Henrico, Assanit and robhery, July 19, ” 800 §
Jeuse, “ - | Napoleon Archer, trustee. Petersburg, Murder in second degrec,| August 29, « 600 475
Murtin, - - | Frances Burgess, Rappahannock, a * oe a - 850 475
Minor, - - - | David Bronangh, Louisa, Burglary, yee, ee ee 600 300
Abraham, - - | Tho’s Mitchell's estate, % Assault with intent to kill) April 21, e 600 ; 1000
Harry. - « - | Flizabeth Storke. Westmoreland, Burelary, October 1,0 780
All the sales above =
* Reported by the superintendent of the
t Reported as old and unsaleab!e.
pecified. except the first three. were made by the execttive on the 8th of 0. camber 135].
penitentiary as unsaleable—three fin
} Died in the county jail,
gers of onc hund cut off, and atiother much injured.
‘WM. H. RICHARDSON, Scc. Com'th.
Numes of Slrves.
Billy. -
Wilham,* -
“Vom, -
Naney.
Richard Gentry,
Fdwared Green.
Phil Atexander,
Stephen, -
Janes, -
Beckev. -
Jim Collins,
Black. -
Joe Forsyth,
Henry, -
Bob, -
Lucey Barker,
Toby. -
Randall -
Ben. -
Kames of Owners.
Fiomas LH. Wrleox,
A. Putehisen’s estate,
Johu Bibb’s estare, -
Wiliam Closton,
Jobo EH. Gentry,
Jane Timberlske,
Masry B. Nelson, -
Aun Southall. -
techant L. Kemp's estate,
' Snes A. Rives, -
Peter O'Neal. 3
Weithans Townes, 3
Ui zebeth §f. Brooks,
Hoieh PW-milion, .
Woaline Garth, -
Marv Raines, -
Suseena Phregemorion,
Henry Shorpe. -
Dibward Purnevhoreh,
By what Ceuaty er Corrora-
Non Courts sentenced.
Crimes.
tharles City, z :
Fanqmier, - .
Loniss, - - Sey
Richmond city, - -
ac = <
Shenandoanh, - -
Charles City, — - “8
(sloucester, - -
Prince George, - +
Nansemon:l, - -
Mecklenburg, | - -
Campbell, - a
Pansyiier, - -
Athemarte, - -
Sussex, - ~ -
Henrico. - -
A Mester rder, 4 2
Burglary,
Murder,
Arson,
Burslary,
Rape,
Burglary,
Arson,
Murreer,
Burgla i,
Beaglary,
Arson,
te
sé
t be
» Assantt with intent to kill, |
* Died in the penitentiary.
-
=
Attemptng to poison,
Assinh with intent to ki
-
I
-
-
Dates of Reprieves.
May 7. 1249,
June 20, a
s. £6 aé
Inty 6, #6
Nevember 14, “
we. be ée
December 6, a
Jannary 24, 1850,
os ON sé
mn og
se ot, “cc
Ray 48, ee
June 3, es
.- yuk Se 66
September 9,
November J9,
March 17, 1851,
June Q5, a
os te 6é
July 5, “
| Sums paid out
of Treasury.
Sales by
Executive.
Lo SQ
320
S50
491
C14
328
425,
650
H 650
40
360
0)
700
700
769
330
vent)
3
650
On
eo
cA
663
25
SY g
CO
Ov
iH)
GO
eo
00
0)
00
00
OO
00
04)
an
$500
52
370
350
400
7O0F
Guo
660
S00
Joo
300
GVO
475
40GE
so0t
GOT
er
5O0f
1 Tee sum received for this slave ever the emeunt paid by the state was refunded to the owner, in pursuance of an act of asscmbly
¢ These slaves were cold by the executive on the €t2 of December 1851.
WM. Il. RICHARDSON, Sec. €om.
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