Louisiana, multiple executions, 1837-1984, Undated

Online content

86 oe Tales from the Levee

for many years, it was not an experience that involved their ancestors per-

sonally enough to have continued to be a part of their folk memory to the
present day.

The black people, however, have much to say about Negro life in this
area, including stories of slavery and the Civil War. Miss Lydia Roberts, speaking
of her great-grandmother, said:

She used to love to sit down and tell us about slavery. She used to say all the
time she had a good boss, and how she ain’t afraid, and at night time they use to
go and steal all the boss’s chicken, and make supper for themselves while the
bosses was sleeping. And how some dem bosses was so mean—even to dem lil’
children. You know, right there, not too far from here, they had a big oven

out in the yard, and they put a lil’ boy in there alive. Oh, they was so mean
to the poor colored people.

In 1929, Mr. Laurent wrote, "The Negroes were slaves in name only for
in reality they were happy and contented."° The folklore and tales of the
blacks in west St. John the Baptist Parish do not bear this out. The tales from
slavery seem to indicate that happiness and contentment, for the most part,
came from outwitting or secretly scorning the master, even if he was a "good"
master. Miss Roberts related this story told to her by her grandmother:

She used to say all the time, when the Yankees, when they was coming, the
boss holler, “The Yankees is coming. Put the food on the table. Put the food
on the table.” And they would be making gumbo, and if they din have enough
gumbo, they would grab the dishwater and put it in that gumbo. She say, “I’m
telling the truth. I don did it myself.’ She was almost a hundred years old
but she had a good memory. She said they’d put the food on the table for
them to eat, and they din know if they had spit in there or what they had did.

Most of the stories, however, show that the main thing passed down to

the present in oral history is the cruelty of the masters in punishing the slaves.
Mrs. Augustine Nettles said that her grandmother was in slavery and had told
of tales of whippings. "Sometimes they'd take the bullwhips and whips the
people." She said also that an old neighbor who died years ago, Elizabeth

Raymond, used to tell her how it was in slavery. She told her "how they used
to whips the people."

Mrs. Grace Populus had several tales of punishment of slaves:

The only thing is that an old man told me—who was born during slavery—that

Stories of Slavery and

they would put thos
and those nails wou
they had took a md
had made each horse

This was supposed to
of the mistreated slave
at the 'big garden’ (V
mean to their slaves,
slaves would unhinge tl

Miss Lydia Robe
It had been related toh

They got a group o
from Africa, and w
when the boss hit dey
lunch time.” So th
he say, “You ain’t cy
in, jumpin, jumpin—’
He say, “‘Awright, I
boss went home and
wife at the house.

they sent them all ba

Though this could not
in African Folklore: '
men is often found in Al

‘Mrs. Beatrice Rob
[the bosses] were so
had many stories of "m

One thing come to
told me, you see sony
pregnant, carrying the
thing they didn’t like
mother, you know, I
a whipping. I guess th

Lyle Saxon records

Sometimes resourcefi

pregnant woman was t

CHAPTER VII

STORIES OF SLAVERY AND OTHER BLACK EXPERIENCES

Though the towns of Lucy, Edgard, and Wallace in St. John the Baptist
Parish are usually thought of as having been settled mainly by Germans and
Acadians, over three-fourths of the people of these towns are black. Though
the folklore and customs of the black people are included throughout this
study, the stories and experiences in this chapter will deal with those things
unique to the black people.

In his "History of St. John the Baptist Parish," Lubin Laurent relates
interesting stories and customs of the black people in this area. He says that
it was on the German Coast, near Bonnet Carre Point, that one of the largest
insurrections in the history of slavery occurred. This was in 1811. The black
residents of the area said, however, that they had never heard their ancestors
speak of this. This is surprising since in 1929, Mr. Laurent wrote about thé
slave insurrection of 1811, and said that it had begun on the east bank of St.
John the Baptist Parish. Mr. Laurent also said, "The old Negroes still relate
stories of the slave insurrection of 1811 as they heard it from their grand-
fathers."! He also describes the brutal punishment of the slave leaders: "Their
heads were cut off and stuck at the end of high poles and the poles were stuck
in the banks of the Mississippi River all the way up to St. John the Baptist
Parish where the revolution started---."* Considering the scope of the insur-
rection, the brutality of the punishment, and the fact that the blacks remember
other stories of slavery, one must speculate on the reasons why this insurrection
is not a part of the folklore. One reason is that the court records show that
the insurrection actually began near present-day Laplace on the east bank in
St. John the Baptist Parish and ran its course on that side of the river.? In
addition, the plantation system was not yet established on the west bank
of St. John Parish in 1811. There were mostly small farms. Though there
were some slaves, there were no wealthy slaveholders, and the large plantations
such as Glendale and Evergreen were built in the 1830s. According to Glenn
Conrad, the west bank was not a part of the rebellion, even in St. Charles Parish.
In fact, some of the white people crossed the river to the west bank for refuge
from the rebelling slaves.4 Therefore, it may be speculated that though the
black people in west St. John the Baptist Parish surely knew of the rebellion

J
tee "
= eT ae Rey Se ee ee ene ies

pad a He ie

SLAVE INSURRECTION OF 16
Louisiana Folklife Series, No. 1

Yales
from the

3 Khewee |

THE FOLKLORE OF

ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISH

3 Marcia G. Gaudet

18,

Center for Louisiana Studies
University of Southwestern Louisiana
4 Lafayette, Louisiana

igs

ae ingen

e Levee Stories of Slavery and Other Black Experiences 87

they would put those slaves in a barrel with nails and they would roll the barrel

Ors per-
| os and those nails would stick them while they were rolling—-and he remembered
8a: 2. they had took a man and they had tied each of his legs to a horse, and they
had made each horse go a different way, and how it had split the man in two.
- in this |
peaking This was supposed to have happened in Wallace. She also said that the ghosts Hl
of the mistreated slaves continued to haunt the people: "Mama and Daddy said
at the ‘big garden’ (Valcour Aime's home, Le Petit Versailles), they were real 1
the mean to their slaves, and if you passed there after dark the spirits of those i
ag slaves would unhinge that horse." ;
e ' . . . }
oP Miss Lydia Roberts told the following story about slaves from Guinea.
ven It had been related to her by her grandmother who was a slave: /
lean , t
;
They got a group of--they used to call them—Guinea people, and they came i
from Africa, and when they got here they forgot what they had to do, and 4
mily for when the boss hit dem on the head, they go and hug their arm and say, “‘Awright,
bof th lunch time.” So the boss started beating one of them, and the boss went on, '
of the he say, “You ain’t crying, you ain’t doing nothing, you just dare jumpin, jump- i
me fro in, jumpin, jumpin—” And all was laughing, you know. And the boss got tired. ;
st p He say, “Awright, I mo fix you, I’m goin’ home and I’m coming back.” The f
a q" boss went home and he found his wife all cut up. The licks was fallin’ on his
goo wife at the house. They had that power in dem that they could do tricks. So /
they sent them all back where they come from. They had a magical power.
the Though this could not be identified as a definite African motif, Dorson says
a in African Folklore: "The explanation of hoax effects achieved by medicine
u : , .
“a men is often found in African lore."®

old Mrs. Beatrice Roberts said that she had been told "that some of them |

for [the bosses] were so nice and they got along so well together." But, she also

had many stories of "mean" bosses, such as the following: |

own to . a ,

1 One thing come to mind that your mama [Lydia’s] told me. One time she

% — told me, you see some of the bosses were mean, and the ladies when they were i

ad told pregnant, carrying the babies you know, if they did something wrong or some- |

ips the thing they didn’t like, I guess, they dug a hole in the ground, and they put the
izabeth mother, you know, I guess not to hurt the baby, and then they’d give the mother

d a whipping. I guess that was some kind of punishment.

sy use

Lyle Saxon records this punishment of pregnant women in Gumbo Ya-Ya: |

Sometimes resourcefulness was required to administer punishment. When a
hat pregnant woman was to be whipped it was the custom to dig a hole in the ground,

r the care
ier homes
ng slaves,
cir meals.
o Mammy
but was
1egroes of
ry and his
vas such

ome from
smuggled
» products
ia. It has
ives were
‘s and sold
od through
color lived
es. There
of Natchi-

ylantations
iegroes at-
were dis-
‘ome three
isideration
the neces-
yomen and
| had been
mules and
ng for the
last name
rmgtion to
leader, the
was above
their plan
ie informa-
eo state au-
sent out of

+ .
2

arg

Se nT a ee Sa eS eS ee
LOR ERS RT TY

eo ggartey

Rapides Parish, Louisiana 637

The excitement was so great that for some time a company
of volunteers were maintained in the Cheneyville territory for
the protection of the whites.

“Niles Register of October 28th 1837, has the following to

say :—

“On the 18th instant intelligence was received at New
Orleans that the negroes in a portion of the Parish of
Rapides near Alexandria, had projected an insurrection.
One account says it was divulged and frustrated as fol-
lows: “A slave of a planter, Mr. Compton, informed his
master that the negroes were forming plans to kill all the
white males and spare the females and children, and that
if he would go to a certain meeting house, where his
negroes assembled for the purpose of preaching, he would
discover all their plans. Mr. Compton did go in company
with four others but learned very little more of the matter.
His informer then told him that the ringleader of the gang
was one of his own slaves, and that he had sworn revenge
against his master for taking him out of the house and
sending him to the field. The plan of this fellow, it appears
was to raise an insurrection at Alexandria, next at Nat-
chitoches, and then to turn steps to New Orleans and kill
all the whites. The negroes, however, could not agree,
which frustrated all their plans. One party was for spar-
ing the women and children; the other for an indiscrimi-
nate massacre. Mr. Compton, upon learning these facts,
arrested his house servant, the chief, and he confessed on
the gallows that it had been his intention to kill his master.

On the 10th and 12th (August) instant, nine were hung
and thirty others were taken and imprisoned. It is hoped
that all their plans will be discovered. A strong patrol
and guard is contantly kept up by day and night, and
confidence is continued.

Besides the slaves, three free negroes have been hung,
and it was intended to drive away all free persons of color.

Two companies of United States troops had been in

tioned throughout the disaffected district. Everything
was quiet and the negroes completely subdued.’’** )

According to the acts of the Legislature that authorized pay-
ing for the slaves legally executed, Samuel Cakford owned two;

John

Pettway owned one, Carter Beaman owned two; John Comp-

ton owned one and Vincent Page one. The same act authorized
“that the sum of $1500.00 be paid David Cheney on his warrant as

& Niles Register, Vol. 58, p. 129. October 28, 1837. Northup (Solomon) Twelve Years

a Slave,

p. 246. Act of 1838, No. 115, Sec. 2.

+a Wey hg de tn rate ns

Wy ie ak (aud
recor tlhe
rey ate We pe
OME SOU
4 P- ast

peek
ivy that the
voiisharl hy
in repens de
veotes awtaenatl
Uspoditery,
he ext) resi
indateal to
» park® this

Gent ent
aventh:
Alleves
fathers hh 1s
Shave been
mithfal and
tht ta hiaye
id pencedul
jlion of the

scdom with
a owith ma,
ood, in to
Torts have
foot, “bhe
te Toontly
dl to teach
al im mene.
ie thom by
videa ufda.
Inmnonty
~iiertained,
man, sir.
T have no
th whiehl
vonered, ft
rang, living,
anent, ant
ditter with
principles
tered, and
hom

iko the pro.
OP UDiMOPiDe
ismade me
cart by na-
reason,
ilusophical
uergies and
» have anf
nimnent. ° J,
or in every
other it he |.
homespnn,
ohy. igo
wed Even:
ton of the
if, With de
ranny and
cries fora

ULE IN LOU/SIANA sift

S
5

his hranch
atenco thint
ore remove
mma arid: pte
o give him
ow, that if
Jecesior in
Anagement
to the peas,
tothem —

e did this,
who fad
rat become

gather un.
ho Senate
remarks of
the would
after a low
colisiderns
S28 Udeponie
nyequence,
vaney, and
Bat, the
nso points,
‘o bus litths

ted tha re.
ould nover
matituents,

i Che Lain. M telgete 6a. fo [337 7 BUG.

ry. ‘hey
non circu.
of the Ru-
other urte
wey for the
serere, ide
thrie own |
them muro |
1s, and bo-
State taxen;

Sratler Ob,

osha wail,
ernmant of
gent, and
he measure

19 finances {.

ised hy the |)

verde proac ibe ytad wivhed tine be digast a better, he,
coil Net coneistently make wny otter motion, and therefore

Sere rews *1s1 ane a > oe

Py ——- ae

INSURRECTION... 4°

By the, Brian Boroihme: from Alexan-
driay lori: ition by passengers and let-
ters have been received: of an extensive
ints urrection, which) was: to have taken’
place on ‘the. night of the 7th instant, at
Bayou Rapide, afew miles trom: Alexan-
dria bat for the discovery of the plot by.
one of the parties,. on the Sth, who made
a confession to his master. “About filty:
Négross were immedi: ucly arrested ’on the
10ih, Lith and Leth; nine of the principal
Jeadersavere hung in Alexandria, three of
them were free; there are ath out forty in
ju iLawaiting their trial a eee

Two com: tnics of United States, troops
have been stitioned thronehout-the disal=.
fected distri¢tel: Every, thing i 13 ee ase
and the negroes completely subdued.—
Nu wv Oaue. ANS Ber, L9TI INST. a

F UR’ I HER PAR’ F IC LARS CONCE RN.
SING THE INSURRECTION.,: re

We? subjoin the following details: ex-
tracted froin Hh Ny chez ‘Tri- J eekly Cou-
rhere cee

TT rasblesa at A erandria’ (L: Bp —Our ci-
tiy for some {time past has been rife ‘with
reports of servile troubles, among the:citi=
zens.of ournaighboring State, ‘Louisiana,
atthe town of Alexan lria..

The steamboat Alpha wiichearrived at
this city on the night before “last, brings
intelligence: corrok OF ative of the ‘reports:
‘The excitement is. represented to:be very
ereat, and ave give p: Irticulars as ‘derived
fram. one’ ofthe. officers of the boat.: We
still Hope that rumor as usual -has made
the numbers engaged in this affair larger
than was really the case.

The stitement is that the boats Jett’ ‘on
‘the 1Qh instant, oy Which day eleven ne-
groes ‘were executed, and: fourteen more
were to share the same fate... Sixty-three
rein: ined } in custody, to undergo further
exuminations.
to be implicated in| the affairs: who chad
nude uicir es scape, but were ‘closely es
sued. tee Ts, cee poate *

RBinze we wrote the: mbaver age ntleman
of this city hgs furnished us with. the fol-
lowing ith ares Alexandria, formerly
of this place, from which it will be sccn
that the. above, statements are in a great
measure corroborated, making. due illow-

an‘earlier hour i in the day, than the time of)’
the. steamboats * departure. | We regret
too, to learn that. section of the coun Y is
severcly scourged by sicknoss. SN a
a ALE SXANDRIA, Oct, 10th 4337, at
BoM. Stedmans Tesqe
Dear Sir--L have but a moment to in-
form you o of the stato of yifuirs in. this re=,
gidn.» On ‘Lhursday night last a plot was
d cheater pon inform: tion Aerie,

+ é
A
r

PF. ut ae tae ae

3 Steeiaie lene
manda this

wa to bea’ special, meeting Of the! pridcis

thot norro Pita narialy, nt

nygted hs posty sy: renusiit of tha whole su! ject lo bbe fir
saday in December neat, > <

fi yf ;
th pve ”

‘is the prides of consistency; if [have any

vo white men were said,

ance for the letter having’ Leone rittenat |:

Hee his master that on Anat night “there

down those who gave it. 9 sis se
» We shall’ add no comment. to hore ex-
ose of the “Constitutionalist, YW whigh will
so he found in. our éolumnale ef
King thought the: violent” ourse. he. pir-
syed i inthe’ § Senate was, ih truth, consis-

ca t with the proper execution of the hig

trust reposed in hit by the: Union: )
his ignorance of their views ‘is mostfwon-
der fil fhe pursued the phantoms of his
own imagination, reckless/of the feclings |
of his’ frien: 's, and ‘of the ruin it: ‘might

bring.on: the: cause. of his § supporters ‘it:

edly:

home, our joy is to be found in a: SPce
riddance. Sedin such, a Senator,

na
:

pet Steueys Crane, Oct. 9, "193.
‘Dear Sir—Justice to mysall compels nie) Te,

Tuctanily to notice an article’ inthe Constitution. |

alist Of the 3d inst.” La that article youtdo. me.
great injustice. You: assail’ me. where! “am
most sensitive—but at the same time most inval.
nerable. If Phave any prideas a politicgan, it
claim.
to merit, it is aw adherence to principles; iff:
have any benevolent virtue, it» ‘is lasting grati..
tule tomy friends; and [ wish'no’ other distinc.
tion than: that ofan honest devosion'to: the! in.
terest of my constituents.
tensions, being humble, Fasgert them wih, the.
more resulution, aud hope 4 vou! will neither mis.
take my. temper, or iny object if I call on you
to retract or prove “some uf! phe OSE Ea
bring against: me.) 9 yes
e [Task then, what are “tho. rant’ pr ifaples
which the: democratic party profess, vy which I
have‘abandoned, and what “chanyes of isonti-.
ment” It have undergone which place. me “in
opposition to ‘that party,” or the “solemn decla?
rations of the Le; wistatura.”?, It importa shat 1
should know this, for itis perfectly true that
“was twice elected by that party to the éxalted:
station”? I hold; nnd with the destiny of that par>
ty Lhave united my own—and_ shulf stan! or
fall with. it. « Reminding ma of this: generous
confidence: was Eratuitous. and un: necessary.
It can neither increase my” gratitude, Or add ty
any obligations. | No ove) knows better rthan:
‘You; sir, that if my honors) wera’ ‘unmerited,.
they. were also unsolicited; and hava ‘always
sboun at thy d:sposal of those, who 30 ‘generous.
ly coia! ferred then ae ee path tills
“Bur witat “solemn, décl: rations of the Legis:
lature’ have [ disregarded!?) D3 youMefersto

iny uniform opinion on the subject ofthe United |

States Bank? “My opinion on that'subject have

never been concenled or “chanzed,” and! ‘were’
well known tothe Legislature at the tima thoy
elected me. * Sv were those of my the “pitted
colleaguo, whoso opinions. were in “nccordange
with ny own. What “chanie then have Lune
dergone on’ this subject, that merits your. anime
didversion?©, [have dono nothing, further than
to defend myself fra: n uninorited dcnuuciations,
und thes too, frequently, from. the mere: popine

jays of power, who movt niraculousl y. “ohang. :
Lain not yotn convert to,

ed” their opinions.:
the m wWern dgctrine (of some demierity) Offord
ing blessings upon tha. peuple,’ and [hava neith:

or given, of thraatened any, vote iit ‘all calculate

ed to” alarin, them on ‘this! "subject Por! which’
throws mi “in ‘opposition’? to thes? “shlemn dol
clutations.”4) In what'elsc havo) UL“ recontly” tae
ken’a stand’ iy opposition to tha, ‘great ‘principles’

| ofthe ddijocratiqsparty? 21s) it} my” “opposition,

to the sclfwilled follies of the Extcutive, adopts

alc and paracvored i in against) the alinost jane

jmous resistance” of tha lez slaiiva, wath rit fof |,

fall parties? @'Tho act, whielt [fin ‘st’condemined |)

was opposod i in'the body of whict! Mam*aimams
ber, by a uianimous voto) with ita! aan piioivor

onesetuhad Hosupport’in tha enbinot: banieanit

a Alshl art and wna nftarwnrida nn Vela che

uty Mr...

a thy
e* a8; Stal emi ayy
‘finances. for. several y years i st

My claims and pre. |

the finances ol the country, yet the jinfer-;
ence. isirresistible that he: condemr e
tneasurces: of the admini tration jin. the
whole, capecially when we ind him- ‘ded
clare’in the: ‘sume speccli,| “allading to
the deposite banks)" th: ut the Sat oe

the world: reese

been ‘$0. Soria :
mere assumption, decer
and that“he had no et
that‘our difficultie ew
to the’ unfortunate
sures of the Exee tiv ey

r Gitantnea
oe ee

policy

“pad Vogt pet

ln (ony,

3d: ‘The’ LEM se ofGt
pe eatedly’ declared. thatthe chad@unl
‘dedé confidence? i in’ the’ ad nihisiration?or
Gen.: Jacksonyand: that they"appr Ove all
the'measures of it, Without any. exceptio ;
Such’ solemn declarations’ im ly theappro-
val-ofthe ‘preat principles | Which dictated
tliose’ public. measures By? ‘condeming:
the measures’ of the® admit istration, | itvis:
-clear to u3; that the very, principles fapan,
which those’ measures © Were: based,’ vare
most directly: condemned. Te fr is) out of
the question tobea friend | of ani
tration, andat the’same. time a cata
to. its measures and policy. 2) 9 Bi
7 4the, The registataret of| cee
repoatally proclaimed thei hostility, toa
‘nationat bank.) Mr. King. in 1834, de2.
Clared ina speech; that he} admitted: the,
‘donbt of the constittition: ay of, the’ ‘char-.
ter.ofa national ‘bank, < d&nid? Ede be-
lieve the: people and gdve raiment of. the
‘U.States'could do? ‘something better with:
a bank, yet! at the ‘same. time, I: Delié¢ve;
that if we? were entirely rl of thei institu’
tion, we coulil).do® very.well, ‘without’ Rite
And itis with wounded national! pride,’
and with the deepest and most humiliating
feelings of regret, that I ‘have heard itiso
frequently ‘announced | on’ ‘this: floor, “and
readily echoed | by’so large a “portibn of
the Americaa’ people, ‘hat thes Banke “of
the United States” is) indis eniable|to the.
well-being and. ‘prosperity. ‘of the! people” of
the United StatesveeIn ‘the! 8 Pepcac h
Mr. King said: —'The | fivo Ay mow, bear;
of the. Un-.
‘from’ my,
banking’ 8y3-
‘the’ end: a
ne, of {he most
ms) Wit ever

ited States, i 13 ‘principally’ dew
hostility to the whole paper
‘tem, from’ the” beginning’ t
have.¢ ever considered it as. q

Ae h eat
that? fis at 688, a Rot on
‘the? people’ ol the’ United ‘St tes, aWwere:(lé
termined to support) agoneldf their’ choice;
but’ in 1837), ‘he’ ‘coniemn's” t ie ‘supp
oft the’ government) and? ae yich

Gea them with'scrinu§) offen
saysy) you will never find}

with deinogracy and eco

lit Gus) hei bank

heart *
iothy In’ M i
‘the femoval of the dep
tic. and i inex Fallientib .
the: Prosident hid.been y oe vel ,

motives: he helievad wee Wal thare wna”

codom With
+ with ma.

Jalal awiailing ther tri il.

“Two comoanies of United States Leciorha

wietonp to@ have been siitiioned thronghout-the disal=,

{Torts have
foe ‘hha
T only
Pe to teach
al in mane.
is thom by
videa ufde.,
Tamonly
ntertained,
man, sir.
Ihave ni
th\which I

afer with
afer ith| &
stored, anid
hm “:
ike ths pro-
or UniMopid.
ismade ms
earthy na.
renga, am |
tilosuphiecal
uergieg and
« have anf
oment. © I,
or in every
ether it he
homeaprrn,
oly. tb ge
ved Even.
ton of the
ir, With dee
ranny and
cries from

his branch
denco tht
ere remove
ron arid: pte
o give hin
ow, that of
Jeeessorin
anagement
to the peo.
fo them —

19 finances {_

e did this,
who fad
rat become

gather an.
he. Senate
remarks of
tha would
after a low
considera:
as deponie
nsequence,
poney, and

Bat, the
nso points,
‘o but title

tel the re.
ould never
nstituents,
wed by the
ry. ‘They
non eiretit-
of the Ra-
other urte
sey for tha
werera, dae
their own
thom more |
1s, and bo-
State taxeny
aractve of
‘ota xaid,
ernment of
iment, and
he measure

manda the
ts n-Fight.
fom tu rt
‘weelaun?
mea fur eve
Bat- snp.
2, common
4
to aliens
ra for sales
rights aid -
| prabratsy
rohab
ache Ge |
wople dare
the pho
y reas
he(rrgae |
w

Me Aas Ble are ry 44% ‘
Be Read LS ALA arcs HO
4 y

‘the 10th instant, on

fected distritte.> Ev ery, thing j 1s now quiet

and the negroes ‘completely subdued. aos
Nu W Dau ANS Bre, 197i iNsT. | :

FURTHER | PAR FICULARS CONCE RN.
2s ING THEANSURRECTION eae
We? subjoin ‘the following details: ex:
tracted fro the Natchez Tri: ld ceh ly Cow:
rier
“Troubles at A ronda (L: ag Our ci-
ty for some {time past has been rife ‘with
reports of servile troubles among the:citi-
zen3.of our nsighboring State, ‘Louisiana,
ait the town of ‘Alexan lria..

The steamboat Alpha which arrived at
this city on the night before ‘last, brings
intelligence corrobori ative of the reports:
The excitement is represonted to, be very
great, and ave give particulars as derived
fram. one ‘ofthe, officers of the boat... We
saul hope that Fumor as usual -has made
the numbers engaged in this affair larger
than was really. Ali cyse.

The stitement is that ihe boat. Jett: on
vhich day eleven ne-
croes were execute/l, and fourteen more
were to share the sime fates, “Sixty-three
rem: nineds in custody, to undergo further
examination. ‘Pwo white men were said.
to be implicated in” the affair, who he ad:
made ers escape, bat were closely Uses
subst. eee aan

Bince we wrote the rabaves a ge ment in
of this city hgs furnished us with: the fol-1
lowing Riri, ae Alexandria;. formerly
of this place, from which it’ will be secn
that the above, statements are in a great
‘measure corroborated, nfaking due allow-
ance for. the letter having: been Written iat
an-earlier hour in the day. than the time of
the. steamboat’s departure. We regret
too, to learn that section of the country is
severly scourged by sickness. 4

t ALEX! ANDRIA, Oct: 10th 1937.

B. M. Stedman, Esqe 0 6 evs

Dear Sir--Lhave but a ‘moment to in-
form you of the stare of fairs. in this re-,
gidn.” On ‘Thursday night last a plot was
discovered from inform: ation received
from a. negro, that an ‘attempted insurrec-
tion was contemplated by the negrocs gon-
erally. tfroughout the parish, which prov-
edto be af ett The negro who informed,
andwha was.one of the head men, in-
formed his master that on that night there
sys to.be a special meeting of the princi:
pal negroes in’ that part ‘of the prrish, at}
anjolil school house, where Mr. Cherry,
the boy’s master,.wvith: seycral others, res |
paired, ‘and found his: ‘statement: correct.’
They then secured two of the rip gloaders,
whb. confessed their, whole grrangements:
‘They, were, brought. ta town and hungon:
Saturday, ‘and four others were, hang this |
morning, and | ae nvé’no ‘in jail; from.
thirty to: fyrty; ore, ‘most.of whory will
shate theit fates; ait reyes
‘6h, won Saturdays night te’ 43

RE ies

Re pk

MINGS Lf

t ed” t
the m ern dyctrine (of some demic fits) offore.'|

svcre 10 “have galt

Saensra Cnanser,. Oct. 9, 1837.
Dear Sit—Justice to myself compels ne Tre.

Juctantly to notice an article in the Constifution. |
In that article you do | me

alist of the 3d inst.
great injustice.» You assail me. where: foam
most. sensitive—but at the s same time most invul.’

nerable. If Thave any pride as a politician, it
cis the prides of ednsisteney; if [have moet |e

to merit, it is an’ adherence to ‘principles; if 1,
have any: benevolent virtue, it. 1S Tastings rati-

tule tomy friends; and [wish ‘no’ other distinc.
tion than’ that ofan honest: devotion'ta: the" ‘int
terest of ‘my constituents, -
tensions, being humble, Eb asset them with the | !

more resvlution, and hope: vou ‘will neither mis. f

take my) temper, or ny: object if] call on'you
to retract or ‘prove some ul} phe lchare you:
bring against me.) 45 Ske oe
e Task. then, what are. “the graat’ principles |
which the democratic party profess,

ment”? Tohave undergone which place. mo “in,
opposition to ‘that party," or thef ‘solemn decla:
rations of the Le; sislature.” 0 Tt imports What I '
should know this, for it is perfectly true hint
Owny twice elected by that party to tha exalted |
station” [ hold; and. with the destiny of thy p pare.
ty [have united my. own—arid ‘shall ‘stan! or,
fali with ite: Rominding | mo of this’ generous |:
confidence Was gratuitous and uniecessary,—
lt can neither increase my gratitude, or add. to
ny oblizations. » No one knows: ‘better! than |
You, sir, that if my honors’ were Sunmerited,
they were alsa unsolicited; and | hava iafways
beun at tha disposal of those, who so ‘gene OU8..
ly conferred ‘them. Se aid ey Ae en a\
- Bur witat “solemn déclarations of the. Legis.
lature’? have [ sdisregardgd? Do you refpesto
ny uniform opinion on the subject of.the Fa
States Bahk? | My opinion on that subject have
never heen concenled or “chan zed,” and” ‘were’
avell known tothe Legislature! at.ths tima they
elected me.’ Sv were those of my thed’pifted
colleaguo, whose opinions, were in niceordance
“with ny own. What “chane then have uns
dergone on’ this subject, that merits your anim.
idversion.< [have done nothing, faryrer,, than
tu defend myself fro: n uninorited donituciations,
and thes2-too, frequently, from the mere papia.
jays of power, who most. iniraculousl y Mohang.
their opinions. 1 aim) not yet Weonvert to,

ing blessings upon the peuple, and [have neith.-|
er given, or theas itened any, vote ut all calculat.
ed to alarin them on this ‘subject’ or which’
throws mis in opposition”. to thes? ‘solemn da”
clurations.” In what’elxc havo I “recently. ta.
kena stand” i in Opposition to the great pr inciplus’
ofthe dényeratie party? ols it: my opposition’
to the self.willed follies of the Executive, adopt.
ed and persevered i in against the alinost usans
mous resistance: of the legislative authority of
all parties? ‘The act whiell Em st condemned
was opposed in the body of which Ikam‘a mam.
ber, by a unastimous vote with the excéption/of
ove.) [thad no support in the cabinot befire it
‘wasndopted, and was | aftorwa rls, on! trial cons
demned by the peoples ‘nnd | again condemned
‘with great unanimity. by tha’ ‘whole’ legislative
‘authority. What: “change”? ig ‘thero® hare
Apaith’ my. ‘othoe don cratic friends)” resisted
this meas:ira efrom the ; bezinning;and ‘step: by
“step, foretold, “most: ‘of the? imischicvous “conse. “
‘quences that’ would “flow from ‘it?
‘sarily and udnatufallyomb| arrassini
(peda, mney markt and. pera te striick
down 'the' exports of our: southern ipluntéers)30 dr,
“ecdnt,yitdid this aa’ Mainly he win'afey
4a heat aad ghia ‘gAlitjoa thi
tie tale,

an ded: confidence

My claims and pres i

Which I.
have’abandoned, asd what “chanyes. Ofpsonti-,

Jall’ our diffic lies: Wer Tajows ig entirely. toy

Byfiniingoss vi
a’ Eurie | ee

PA wthe

Gen. Jackson; Nt ie ie “abneited all
the measures of ity Without 2 ny: Xceptions
Such solemn. ‘declarations imply theappro ~
val-ofthe ‘preat princi les W hy dictated
y. Fcondeming:

those’ public’. ineasures. oy
fe Admit istration, i

ra measures: “of th

most direc: oe ae ed.)
the qhestion to be aft rend of
ration, anbat the same. tim

Math) The! legislature? of, Georgia
repeatedly: proclaimed: thei

national bank. Soir King
clared in a specchy that hej}
‘doubt of the constititionalit:
ter.of a national’ bank ‘and sird:
lieve the ‘people: and ® governme :
‘U. States’could do" omething better with
a bank, yet at the same ‘ti | believe;
that if we? were entirely ee institu,
tion, - Ave ‘couli doe overy.N lI without fe

ited Sint 13 cpenipatte ‘de
hostility; to.the whole? pane

awn Petar ‘my
r banking sy3-
‘tem, from’ the: beginniny! to the end.s I
have ever considered i it ast ne ‘ofthe most
pernic ious and wicked Syst ms)" that ever:
was invented by the moaied and, specula-
ting interests to tax the’ laboring. and) Pe
Cae ‘lasses of the community. a

Sth. In’ M. ich, 1834, Mr. King’s sft
that’ the existing: government} Was one
the people ol the. United States, were (le-
termined to ‘support, as one: oftheir chnice:
but in'1$37, he condemns the supporters
‘ofthe. government,® ‘and sinaireeilys chars
ges them with scrious ‘offendes
says, “you will:never find#ir
with deinog cracy and
lips) ard’ tyra
heart.??
Moth. In March,
‘the removal of the ‘dey site:
tic and inexpedient;:
the: President had ‘Beene nay
motives; he: ‘believed also,
‘no violation of the’
of removals’. Bit 61937)2)) he

ee oH edacht
that'there was

y that)

‘the ‘unfortunate: policy, 1c Aviolentet meas 4

ures‘of.tho Exseatiies ‘intrelationst \

‘ances fo Bate Shae te
ave ie

which’ promip' toa ie

we ig) ‘inivare 3)

ravil

iy bes fa

a
on 2

Fvillibe banble dhe
oe Hi

638 The Louisiana Historical Quarterly

the value of the man Lewis, who discovered the conspiracy among
the slaves in the parish of Rapides in the year 1837, on his eman-
cipating the said slave. That on the emancipating of said negro
Lewis there shall be paid him out of the money in the treasury
the sum of $500.00 to enable him to leave the state and provide
for his security.” |

This was the end of the attempted insurrection, but it was
not the end of the unrest among the slaves in that section or in
the parish as a whole and until the end of slavery there was al-
ways a fear that there would be an uprising among the slaves
and that the white people would be killed.

This condition was heightened by the news of the John
Brown Raid into Virginia in 1859. Just after this time an over-
seer on the Flint-Casson Plantation above Alexandria was killed
by one of the slaves. A number of these people were arrested
and placed in the parish jail and the next morning it was found
that the jail had been raided and all of the negroes lynched. The
owners and their heirs always contended that there was only one
guilty party in the number hung, and that he had something on
his side.

During the war there was some trouble with the negroes in
this section and specially after the first Federal Invasion. Some
of the negroes who stayed behind forgot their places and for a
time trouble was feared. The greater part of the able bodied
slaves followed the army on its retreat. The few faithful re-
mained loyal until after the war was over.”

55 Sce the writer’s paper ‘Concerning the loyalty of slaves in North Louisiana in 1863,”
La. Hist. Qy., Vol. 14, pp. 487-491.—Ed. La. Hist. Qy.

(To be Continued)

a’
=o,

SSS

Four blacks, hanged at La., on 10-5-1855

"From Pointe Coupee ECHO of 9=22—1855: 'On Monday night, the 17th inst., a white man
and woman were cnuelly mvdered, and another miraculously escaped the same fate, It
appears that a small flatboat stopped at night in the Village bend a short distance
below Raccouret. A 9:30 o'clock, four negroes went aboard and asked John Jones, the
owner of the boab, if he had anything for sale, He answered he had not = there being
nothing in the boat escept necessary articles for their own use. The negroes then
boldly entered the cabin where Jones's wife was with the person who escaped, John
Goodwin, and asked the latter to give them some tobacco, On his refusal, one of them
knocked him down with a piefe of iron and also the womam, They then brought the body
of Jones into the cabin and searched the body of the woman for money, striped her and
afterwards threw her overboard, Goodwin, having been only stunned by the blow, saw
what was going on, but dared not move, One of the negroes, seeing his eyes open, saids
'Damn him, he is not dead, Hit him again, which was done by a blow on the forehead
with a piece of iron, They then threw him overboard, but having still sufficient
strength, he swam aSfore, Since then one of the bodies and the boat have been found.
Both bore evidenceof the murderous proceedings, So far no clue has been discovered
to this bloody tragedy, Jones was an elderly man, and was said to have hailed from
Arkansas,'" NEW ORLEANS TIME PICAYUNE, Sept, 25, 1855.

"from a letter from Bayou Sara dated Sept. 2), 1855: 'A man and his wife were murdered
on Pointe Coupee, and a lad about 16 years of age was knocked in the head and thrown
overboard from a flatboat. The young man was not killed, but swam to the shore and
reported the circumstances, and identifies some negroes belonging to a planter by the
name of Sneed as the guilty persons, The slaves had either run away or been sent
away to avoid punishment, but the cintizens in the vicinity required Mr, Sneed to
produce them or he would be held responsible for the mrder, Whereupon he and two
gentlemen started to the parish of Concordia, where he said the negroes were to be
found, They have not returned yet, The empty boat is at Bayou Sara, where it was
taken up. The bodies were found floating in the river a short distance below, and were
taken out of the water and deposited in the graveyard near that place, The female was
found to be pregnant, ‘The weapon used for this buthery was a coupling pin of a wagon,
The lad is doing well,'" TIMES PICAYUNE, Sept, 26, 1855,

"The Bayou gSara LEDGER says that the negroes who murdered John Jones and his wife
on board a small flatboat, a short distance below Raccourci, have been arrested, and
that Goodwin, the young man who escaped from the boat at the time of the murders, has
identified one of them as theringleader."' TIMES PICAYUNE, Sept, 27, 1855.

"From a Letter from St. Franciscwille, dated Oct, 6, 1855: "The negroes who killed

the man and his wife on a flatboat on Pointe Coupee...were brought back, tried and
found guilty and were hanged on Friday (Oct. 5, 1855) at the place where the murder
was committed, There were four of them, One of them turned state's evidence when

the others acknowledged their guilt of this crime and aéhso the killing of two men

in a flatboat last year. The killing of these men was well recollected by the
citizens but it had up to that time remained a mystery, This turning State's evi-
dence did not save the life of the accomplices he too was hung. The whole thing has
been done with great dispatch, but everyone believes with justice, They all four had a
fair trial,'" TIMES PICAYUNE, October 8, 1855, page one

"The Pointe Coupee ECHO informs us that the four negroes indicted for the murder of

Jones and his wife on board a flatboat were tried on Sept, 29, found guilty and exe=
cuted on Friday last (6ct. 5), The Bayou Sara BADGER says they confessed that they

killed other persons," TIME PICAYUNE, Oct. 8, 1855, page four.

NINE SLAVES, executed Lafayette and St. Martin Parish,

: 7 ica , Re eat bet € eg ae nn dy é

pee ee
=e

PF ‘ “« r
Pate * Deal ea Ml ess ner yo
uae 43 Be #. es ol ey &

| ™ “ 4 15m a7 :
Pyke. aie meee. ot Hep iewembatis *
FRUITS. ti ANCA,
ft eireg ae . ath suey af the Benate,
og ie Oi ray :
Bars vA: Rp ROMAN,

ea emer ihe State of Taminianc.

as Ne 33). SAN. ACT
et eee Py ss ested af ined Reartes cite ae
3 hs e peetd by Ger Senate and Howse of Repreetatves
« Phe Beets of Lowemaea ve (enerol Aambly conveacd, That.
he Mists Lreaeures pay to the onder of Captain. Séarles of
me Pesto Bina ge “ene hendred and fobs dollars,” for services.
te vendlseed the State oe
ie ASigeed) ae Ce WM. DE BUYS,
oe ae : _Seakeref oft the - Hone of Ren cianeer ae
sarteex! be TER eee ' FELIX GARCIA, |
Fe os , Prandent ue the Senate.
proved. March Ist, 1841. :

© (Sign ae apart ROMAN,
ae | Governor of te State of Lisi. ,
tpn :
oe "No. 34J-AN ACT ease 7
| Ver evi agua Onde Hebert, osémond Breau, Jonoph Breau Ae
‘g eed others thereis named. —

| Wheress a plot for an ‘insurrection. was: fonaed during the
late muamer Ata certain. paleves enna to inhabitants: of Ss

Acts # 3, LOUISIANA SESSIONS LAWS, March 1, 18h], pp 32-33, United Two.

ee aS he Parishes of Lafayette ond St. S Maxtin “and whereas
oe said plot was discovered, and some of the slaves implicate |
-ed therein were ‘tried: andexecuted ; aya whereasitis just
that a loss incurred for the benefit. of all the. citizens. of.
this State should be borne by. the State, and it is highly ets
important. that. every ‘encouragement — should: be given to.
the detection and punishment. of such crimes hereafter.

Sate ess ae “Section 1. Be 1 enacted by the Senate and. House of Rep-

Be esse — resentatives of t the State. of Lowisvana in General “Assembly
ee “| rem sue convened, That the ‘Treasurer of the State be-and is hereby
+) emnity iN Guel authorised to pay out of any monies in the ‘Treasury not:
£ and others otherwise : disposed. ‘of, on the own ‘warrants of each and

_ r the loss of:
Pe ves, every the persons herein after named the following sunis;
ale

ertain: slaves, )
| to wit: six hundred dollags to Augustin Guedry as indem- — &
“nification for two slaves executed as set forth in the above
f preamble ; three hundred dollars to Rosemond Breau, for
one slave executed ; three hundred dollars to Moise Hebert;
three hundred” dollars to. Joseph Breau, three hundred dol-.__
“Jars to. widow: QGuilbeau; three hundred dollars to widow
_ Myers; three hundred dollars to Joseph po and are ae
es hundred dollars to Fletcher. Picou.' - es
$1000 granted to. Sec. 2. Be w further enacted, bc. “That the sum re one
ree: Jean Lonis: thousand. dollars be ‘paid to Jean ‘Baptiste Mercier. on ‘his |

~ own warrant by the State Treasurer out of any monies in

the Treasury not ‘otherwise appropriated, as the value of a
negro man: named Jean. ‘Louis who discov ‘ered the conspir-
acy among the slaves in the Pamsh of. Lafayette in the year
eighteen. hundred and: gy A on seid Mercier. emp pee ot
: : said slave. © ane, ae
Peek: ON s00 toate ‘Sec, 3. Be it further SIRO ie “That the sum of tree
“Mad. Bourgeat, hundred. dollars net aa aid py the State Treasurer to Ad-
EL ne elaide Bourgeat, wif e of James Fort ‘Muse on her own war-
| Goupes: "rant, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appro-
a priated, for one” valave: executed: in the: Parish | of Pointe
pe Coupee. Eee : 3
J. > Srey And be epee Minted: de. ‘That the sum of
es Asso ‘ieted three hundred. dollars shall be paid by the State Treasurer
“/, Mrs. Coleman to mistress ‘Rebecca T.C Coleman of the Parish of East Feli-
: Rated: ne E East C ciana on her warrant 0 out of any monies in the ‘Treasury not. -
ee otherwise appro ated, for her Bleve: J tae ecu in the :

- Parish of Bast, eliciane. 5

ee ae ae _ Sp pea he r of the ¢ House of? Representatives
r ee Cee “ign a8 _P. Es BOSSIER,
oy ae _ President files Senate pro tempore:
a Ae ae a4 vem March 1 Ast, leads
uBio Af eee

Sint

> a
2%

A. B. ROMAN,

. 7? ~

"Vermillionville, Lae, Auze 29, 180. = On Friday night, the @X&K 21st inst., an

express arrived from Carancro (Lafayette Parish) stating that, from information de-

rived from a negro woman, the slaves were on the eve of a revolt, That same night

some of the party were apprehended and lodged in jail. On the next morning the

Sheriff called a&ogether nine respectable inhabitants to sit as a Committee of In-

wiry; those apprehended were brought before the Committee, were examined, and information
concerning the others was obtained; the Sheriff immediately despatched messengers

after those denounced, who, upon examination, informed upon others, and this part of the

proceeding was closed by the apprehension and examination of upwards of 20 negroes.

The Committee, after two days' deliberate investigation, rose and denounced as

accomplices in the revolt, twelve of those in possession, and three who are now

runawayse A Court was then organized according to law for the purpose of trying

those in possession, and, after two days' deliberate inquiry into all the facts

concerning the revolt, found three guilty of having joined in an attempt to cause an
insurrection among the slaves of this state. The sentence of the law was then

pronounced against them, and they were accordingly executed on F,iday, the 28th

instant. = GLADIATOR." REGISTER AND NORTH CAROLINA GAZETTE, Raleigh, NC, Sept.

15, 18h0 (2:2,)

ANd ete mh SOME

be burned to death when an alleged slave conspiracy was re-
ported.

The following account is taken from a letter by Governer
Robert Hunter to the Lords of Trade, June 23, 1712, in E. B.
O'Callaghan, ed.: Documents Relative to the Colonial History
of the State of New-York (1855), V, 341. See Kenneth Scott:
“The Slave Insurrection in New York in 1712,” New-York
Historical Society Quarterly, XLV (January 1961), 43-74;
T. Wood Clarke: “The Negro Plot of 1741,” New York His-
tory, XXV (April 1944), 167-81; and Winthrop D. Jordan:
White over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro,1550-
1812 (1968).

I must now give your Lordships an account of a bloody conspiracy of
some of the slaves of this place, to destroy as many of the inhabitants
as they could. It was put in execution in this manner, when they had re-
solved to revenge themselves, for some hard usage, they apprehended to
have received from their masters (for I can find no other cause) they
agreed to meet in the orchard of Mr. Crook in the middle of the town,
some provided with fire arms, some with swords and others with knives
and hatchets. This was the sixth day of April, the time of meeting was
about twelve or one o’clock in the night, when about three and twenty
of them were got together. One coffee and negroe slave to one Vantilburgh
set fire to an out house of his masters, and then repairing to his place
where the rest were they all sallved out together with their arms and
marched to the fire, By this time the noise of fire spreading through the
town, the people began to flock to it. Upon the approach of several
the slaves fired and killed them. The noise of the guns gave the alarm, and
some escaping their shot soon published the cause of the fire, which was
the reason that not above nine Christians were killed, and about five or
six wounded. Upon the first notice which was very soon after the mis-
chief was begun, I order’d a detachment from the fort under a proper
officer to march against them, but the slaves made their retreat into the
woods, by the favour of the night. Having ordered sentries the next day
in the most proper places on the Island to prevent their escape, T caused the
day following the militia of this town and of the county of West Chester
to drive [to] the Island, and by this means and strict searches in the town,
we found all that put the design in execution. Six of these having first
laid violent hands upon themselves, the rest were forthwith brought to

Louisiana Uprising, 1811 189

their tryal before the Justices of this place, who are authorized by Act of
Assembly: to hold a court in such cases. In that court were twenty-seven
condemned, whereof twenty-one were executed, one being a woman with
child, her execution by that means suspended. Some were burnt, others
hanged, one broke on the wheel, and one hung alive in chains in the town,
so that there has been the most exemplary punishment inflicted that could

be possibly. thought of.

Louisiana Uprising
1811

The sanguinary triumph of the blacks of Haiti in 1791 terrified
slaveholders and Southern whites, who took every precaution
to prevent insurrection from spreading to the United States.
There were indeed some slave reactions to the West Indian fer-
ment, but with two exceptions they were small, spontaneous
outbursts. One exception was Gabriel’s abortive uprising of
1800, after which thirty or forty blacks were killed in retaliation;
the second was the Louisiana uprising of 1811.

Louisiana had had several insurrection scares in the 1790'S
and early 1800's. In 175 a planned revolt in the parish of Pointe
Coupee was stopped when a quarrel among the leaders led to its
discovery. Troops sent by the Spanish authorities killed twenty-
five slaves, and others were captured and tried. Of those found
guilty, “sixteen... were hung in different parts of the parish;
the nine remaining were put on-board of a galley, which floated
down to New Orleans, On her way one of them was landed near
the church of each parish along the river, and left hanging on
a tree.”

American
Violence

QNISIedN HZAVIS

A Documentary History

edited by

Richard Hofstadter
and

Michael Wallace

EEE PY) AO ONE F IS TR a a .
pa Eos: et ala ee

Alfred A.Knopf New York 1970

.. 22s =

192 Racial Violence
name; for he was decidedly af the opinion, that we ought not to attack
the enemy with the small force we had until day-light; in this opinion
he was supported by the best informed characters (* the detachment
but without avail, for some of thase Who were for attackino id ok
vanced.—The Major gave orders to Prepare for action (this he about
eight o'clock at night) and at the moment when every disposition was
making for the attack, General Hampton arrived, and decided asthe
attacking them until the infantry could be brought up; this he sie not
able to effect, although every exertion was'made, until 4 o'clock a the
morning. The clouds had dispersed, the moan shone clear, and it was
excessively cold; the arms af the United States troops glittered in the
moonbeam, and must have heen the cause of the brigands discoverin
us; for soon after the foot filed aff to take them in the rear they ‘aak
the alarm bell, and with q degree of extraordinary silence tor such :
rabble, commenced and affected their retreat up the river.

When we took position of the ground where the brigands had been
committing thejr ravages all] night, our troops and horses were so ex-
hausted that they were ynable to pursue the fugitives; however, by the
activity of the militia above and the promptness af Major Milton, and
the regular force under his fommand, that day and the next the wha
of the banditt) were routed, killed, wounded ‘and dispersed “uaa every-
thing was tranquil, ;

In this melancholy affair, but twa citizens have fell by the hands
of these brigands, and three dwelling houses byrned; not a single sugar
house nor sugar works were molested. The poor wretches wks cece
concerned in the depredatigns, have paid for their crimes—upwards of

100, it is generally supposed, have been killed and hung, and more will
be executed.

Jamtary 22

An accurate enumeration was faken on Thursday Jast, of the Negroes

killed and missing, from Mr, Fartier’s to Mr. Andry’s, and is as fol-
lows, viz.

Killed and executed, 66
Missing, 17
Sent ta N. Orleans for trial 16

From this statement the loss js not so great as was at first calculated.

Those reported missing are supposed generally to be dead in the woods,
as many bodies haye been scen by the patrol,

Vesey Uprising

1822

In late May 1822, Devany Prioleau, a Charleston slave, told his
owner of a supposed slave insurrection plot. He said that an-
ather slave, William Paul, had divulged the secret. The two men
were promptly arrested, and Paul implicated several others,
Slave after slave, brought in and questioned, denied knowledge
af any plor. Then on June 14, another slave corroborated Pau|’s
testimony and declared that the uprising was set for the 16th,
Although it did not occur, ten slaves were arrested, and a
quickly invoked court heard secret testimony against them, and
also against Denmark Vesey, a free Negro, arrested on the 24st,
Qn July 2, after having been found guilty of “crimes of the
blackest hue,” Vesey and five others were hung, all protesting
their innocence, By now Charleston was in a panic; all blacks
seemed potential assassins. The slaves themselves were terrified
of vigilante reprisals, though some courageously donned black
armbands in mourning for those executed. Rumors of an im-
pending rebellion were heard anew, the court was reassembled,
and a second roundup of slaves and free blacks was made.
Twenty-two blacks were hung on one day, and their bodies
left to dangle for hours. After thirty-five had been hung, the
court satisfied itself by deporting thirty-seven more. As the
judges explained to the Governor, “The terror of example we
thought would be sufficiently operative by the number of crim-
inals sentenced ta death.”

Doubts have recently been raised by scholars as to whether
of not an insurrection was actually planned. Richard C. Wade
has noted that most of the essential testimony was obtained by
torture, and that no corroborative circumstantial evidence was
produced—for example, the hundreds of pikes that were sup-
posed to have been stored.

The following account is taken from a pamphlet describing
and reflecting on the affair by A Colored American: The Late

aon j
9 Racial Violence

In 1811 a maj , i
eg at & mayor tes olt broke out in the parish of St. John
pe about thirty-six miles north of New Orleans. An
estimated soo slav : : ‘ded
‘ea i slay es on the André sugar plantation wounded the
= called his son, and forming into companies, “each under
an o +j s 4 iG nes
cer, with beat of drums and flags displayed,” marcl
a gs displayed,” marched on
ait ans. Recruiting more slaves as they went, they at
tacked 3 3 1 1 ) S wwidk
tack ind burned four or five plantations before they were
by hundreds of militia and Uni . ; vi
= of 1a an nited Srates troops, and, on January
to, de eated. Sixteen leaders were tried and executed. As a warn
si : oe e 4 « « nad
's to others, their heads were mounted on poles at intervals
along the Mississippi above New Orleans
The ‘j d fi
Pia aoe Ing account appeared first in the Louisiana
wette, r i i i dee,
. 3 a was reprinted in the Richmond Enquirer, Febru
¢ at ae a Se a + ; , ;
ra ie 1811. See Herbert Aptheker: American Negro Slave
: vO . (1943); Francois-Navier Martin: History of Louisiana
rom the Earliest Peri 88 “rw ; Phe
yf: od (1882); Erwin Adams 1 :
sw rit » Erwin Adams Davis: The
. Aes emacs ai (1960); and John S. Kendall: “Shadow over
e City,” Louisiana Historical Quarterly, XXII (1939)
ae .

New Or-eans, January 11

“I liti 1 the ve Sl | ) \ cros IOV t | t
he mi a or .
west side ¢ f the iver I ssed al ove the Janditth
day d bout nO lo N ‘ d > dl,
yester 1 te c Ck, a id attacked them I ille ever il i k some
N ed Sey t
prisoners sp ugitive bent to me
‘ ae and di ersed the W I ole body > the f tives re ‘ C
¢ He fe [ il 0 whom af I eturne 1 ‘ SUrT¢ dered Ong 1¢ h
sWamp, severa te ret nec and su
)
ja . ng WwW
1s arles, a vellow fellow, the property of Mr. Andre, who Was leader
of the miscreants.
k rom V d j ‘ > | th g “ Pp ars C kt e'at
oO every account we have recely ed, Cc dan era e
an end. No mat f an hac a ¢ I t rigan , alle : ‘ j
1 ure sla ha | been arran red by the briga 5 6 as
S ds in | easures
now ado ¥ } ‘ . en ll ‘
ie 7 pted will ee tr anquillity G . Hz npton 1s on the coast w ith
q respect: b force I: } ) \I - }
¢ ectable orce—ilajyor Aiuto 1 3W ho Was on ! ‘
, C day us march to Baton
uge th about 15o0 recula troops ve are OI eC Was OVE .WRErC
R t - au ~ WE < f | ‘ ¢ l a ‘| >
he ray age > COMI Cc d ( x ow So it there 1 eae d 1 ’
Ave S 1er ed, ind Was movins 1
t dl agown; s th C 1
; mp ? ‘ Lome OL b
t ut t efor e this, the W hole of the banditti are con pletely routed

January 12

The accounts from the coast corroborate that of yesterda y. The tr ;
continue to kill and capture the fugitives, ten or twelve of wl ete
brought to town this morning; and in a few days tl ps ee
ee gules ~ , : ays the planters can with
fet) rn to their farms. We expect soon (perhaps on Monday) t
give a detailed account of the damage done by the brigands aes

Louisiana Uprising, 18tt 191

Extract of a letter from Gen, Hanipton to Governor Claiborne bearing date
on this day, the t2th of Jan. i811, from the plantation of Mr. Destreban.
“Having yesterday formed a junction with Maj. Milton’s command,
which has descended far beyond the commencement of this shocking
insurrection, and having posted him in this neighborhood, to protect and
give countenance Co the various companics of the citizens, that are
scouring the country in every direction, I shall permit the detachments
thar came with me from the city to return. But [I have judged it eX-
pedient to order a company of Light Artillery and one of Dragoons to
descend from Baton Rouge, and to touch at every settlement of con-
sequence, and to crush any disturbances that may have taken place
higher up.--The chiefs of the party are taken.”

January 17

It is very difficult to obtain anything like a correct statement of the
damages done by the banditti on the coast. They commenced their
depredations on the night of the 8th inst. at Mr. Andry’s, killed young
Mr. Andry, and wounded the old gentleman. After seizing some public
arms that were in one of Mr. Andry’s: stores, and breaking open side-
boards and liquor stores, and getting half drunk they marched down
the coast from plantation to plantation, plundering and destroying prop-
erty on their way; the inhabitants generally made their escape and the
banditti continued on their march until 4 o'clock in the afternoon of
Wednesday, when they arrived at the plantation of Mr. Cadit Fortier,
there they halted, (having marched upwards of five leagues) and com-
menced killing poultry, cooking, eating, drinking and rioting.

When the alarm reached the city, much confusion was manifested.
The most active citizens armed themselves, and in about an hour after
the alarm (although the weather was extremely bad) commenced their
march, their force not exceeding thirty men, mounted on_ tolerable
horses, but were continually reinforcing as they progressed up the coast.
The road for two or three leagues was crowded with carriages and
carts full of people, making their escape from the ravages of the
banditti—negrocs, half naked, up to their knees in the mud, with large
packages on their heads driving along towards the city. The accounts
we received were various. :

When we had arrived within a league of Mr. Fortier’s, where the
banditti were feasting, our numbers had increased to near one hun-
dred, but badly armed and accoutered. Major Durrington, of the United
States Infantry, was named as our commandant—but indeed it was but a

Tales from the Levee

then spread-eagle her, face downward, so that her abdomen would fit into the
hole. Then the whip was applied.

According to one informant, salt was then rubbed into the wounds or salt
water was poured over the woman./

Mrs. Nettles said that she had heard many tales about the Civil War, and
that the blacks were as frightened as the whites when the Rebels came. They
feared the Rebel soldiers because they would take their food and supplies.
"Sometimes when the Rebels used to be coming, tell us how they used to
make the people hide." She said they would shout, "Rebels coming," and
the people would hide in the hay bam, and they would cover themselves with
hay so they couldn't be found. When the peace was declared, she had been
told that they could hear the gunboats in the river, bells ringing, and cannons
booming.

Mr. Wilbert Sorapuru also remembered a story he had been told about
the Civil War: "When someone was hurt, if they were not quite dead, but no
chance to survive, the order was to bury them. They wouldn't leave them to
die unburied. But neither did they kill them.. They buried them still alive."
One explanation for this is the almost universal taboo against leaving the dead
unburied. ?

Father Winus Roeten, former pastor of St. John the Baptist Church in
Edgard, discussed one aspect of slavery not mentioned by any of the black
people. In west St. John, there were many free men and women of color before
the Civil War. He said:

One of the strange things here was that you had black people who were slave
owners. There were blacks who were free men of color who had plantations
and slaves before the Civil War. It’s reflected in the relationship between the
blacks here. You’ve got various groups of blacks pitted against each other.

Another informant who does not wish to be named said that many of
these "free men and women of color are now passing for white." He said
that the church baptismal records show this, since at one time the records
for blacks and whites were kept in separate books. In spite of this, there is
still a feeling, reflected in the stories of the blacks, that the ill-treatment of
the blacks was done only by the white masters.

The black people also provided many "memorates" about black life and
customs since slavery. Mrs. Lucretia Becnel, known to everyone as "Nanoon,"

Stories of Sla

said that whe
afternoon dai
de maison of
person's hous
and have a 20
filled with le:
at a different
in town, and
before dark. }

Lem me te
leave y’all
there. It 1
sister]. W
drum and
we got mo
set on the
licks. We
down. Wi
tough, hein
That’s
set us nowl

Mrs. Bec
suppers, "Soci

At Chris
time to go to
friends would
a superb cook
has done many

I don know
cane, I done
had me plo
on a horse
and iron. |
kill, it woul

And at
and I’d sew
in the morni

Mrs. Augu

SLAVE INSURRECTION - 1795

The Story of Louisiana.

Third and Revised Edition

By
WILLIAM O. SCROGGS, Ph.D.

Professor in the Louisiana State Universtty

AUTHOR OF “A CENTURY OF BANKING PROGRESS,”
“F1LIBUSTERS AND FINANCIERS,” ETC.

£2776. 3

ILLUSTRATED

PUBLISHERS

Mae THE BOBBS-MERRILL COMPANY

is Pitlen, Baton Rouge, La. q INDIANAPOLIS NEW YORK
Erected during the .

Completed in 1932

od was making
y songs, includ-
j at the theater
sympathy with
rernor was com-
ders among the
sna, where they

ywn the hostility
e people in other
1-Heing. One of
leading into New
as. finished small
the Gulf of Mex-
the mouth of the
e of the governor

ng still more dis-
‘e laws forbidding 7
‘rease the welfare ~
hor-- ~overnment =
Or s reported ©
1. ‘
rondelet was gOv-

je its appearance. ©
or Louisiana Mon- ©

ame year New Or- =

j over two hundred 3
as burned than six =
lestroyed was much 4
on, and the loss of |
1 dfnger of famine.”
other fire, won the ”
relieve the distress.

numbers of the no- %

‘E

BARON DE CARONDELET 141

pility.and-other sympathizers with the royal family to flee for
refuge to other countries. Carondelet encouraged the royalists
to come to Louisiana, where they would be under the flag of
a ruler friendly to their late King. He thought, too, that these
newcomers, with their stories of the Reign of Terror that had
come in France with the revolution, would turn the people
against the French Republic. To the Baron de Bastrop he
granted twelve square leagues of land on the Ouachita River,
and to the Marquis de Maison Rouge thirty thousand acres in
the same section. Nothing came of these grants, as these fine
noblemen found themselves unfitted for pioneer life in the
wilderness. We shall hear of the Bastrop grant again in con-
nection with the schemes of Aaron Burr.

Uprising of Slaves.—On the island of Santo Domingo the
spread of revolutionary ideas from France resulted in a re-
bellion of slaves, and in a series of terrible massacres of the
white inhabitants. Many of the slave owners who escaped the
horrors of the uprising came to Louisiana as refugees and settled
in various parts of the province. The stories which they told
of their terrible experiences were repeated in nearly every
household, often in the presence of the negro servants. In this
way the news was spread among the slave cabins of the planta-
tions. In Pointe Coupée Parish some slaves on the plantation
of Julien Poydras (poi’-dras) one of the most humane planters
in the colony, decided that they might repeat in Louisiana what
had been done in Santo Domingo. It seems that they were aided
in their murderous plans by three white men of bad character.

The plot spread throughout the parish, and April 15, 1795,
was fixed as the day on which the blacks were to rise and slay
their masters. A quarrel broke out among the leaders. One of
them turned against his fellows and sent his wife to the parish
officials with the story of the plot. The ringleaders, including the
three white criminals, were seized and thrown into prison. Some
slaves then ‘arose and tried to rescue the prisoners. In the fight
that followed twenty-five of them were killed. About sixty

SEL ET

—s

Eitap eg 5 bamwaettg 2) ak

nee ER eT

RP ati TR ANSI he. 0 oe

142 THE STORY OF LOUISIANA

others were captured. Twenty-three blacks were tried and con. ©
demned to die. They were hanged at various points along the 2
river-as-a warning to others. For some strange reason the white
leaders, who appear to have deserved the most severe punish.”
ment, were only banished from the colony. . 3

The Pointe Coupée rebellion caused so much uneasiness that
the Cabildo sent a petition to the King begging that no more.
negroes should be brought to Louisiana. Carondelet forbade ~
the admission of any more slaves until he could learn the King’s

decision in the matter.

STUDY QUESTIONS

1. What improvements did Baron de Carondelet make in Louisiana?

2. What was the French Revolution? How did it affect the people of Lou. §
isiana? : e

3. Explain why the people of Louisiana sympathized with the revolution. ©
ists of France. 4

4. Prepare a short talk to show how the Louisiana of 1794 was different
from the colony during the days of Bienville. 4

5. Describe the uprising of the slaves in Pointe Coupée Parish.

. OPTIONAL WORK

(1) Find out all you can about Julien Poydras and prepare a talk of four or |
five minutes on his life. a
(2) Make a list of ten places in Louisiana that were named for prominent 9

men,

XXV

ETIENNE DE BORE

In THE same year in which the (
of Spain to put an end to the br!
Louisiana something happened 0
miles above New Orleans that wa’
mand for slaves and lands than tl
fore. In 1795 Etienne de Bore (
jn making good sugar out of can
Early Efforts.—Many others
De Boré’s time. 1b
Santo Domingo on his second v1
had turned yellow and sour bef
had no result. The Jesuits bro
colony in 1751. It grew freely
single season to produce sugat
(dii-bréy’), one of the wealth

was said to look like marmalad
sirup if left in a damp place.
barrels and sent to France, bu
it melted and leaked out. In
other planters tried their hand
no better success than Dubreu
It was found that the gum
making a cheap grade of rum
lar drink among the poorer
wrote that “the immoderate us

population.”

p na af

on August 10 and 12, 1837,
' TABLE OF CONTENTS
BH OVol. 16, No. 4 October, 1933
IETY =. :
4 Page
dent, gy j ;
nt. “| The Distribution of Land in British West Florida, by Cecil
ident, 3 Johnson, Ph.D. OT NEHS ® BE hinn g's whey Bly eh, oak ma Oe 539
dent 4 oe.
| “@ The Domestic Animals and Plants of French Louisiana as
‘ a Mentioned in the Literature with Reference to Sources,
nt 4 Varieties and Uses, by Lauren C. DOME Be ied 5 554
a A Lawsuit Over the Right to Sell the Office of Notary in
tary ‘a Louisiana During the French Regime (1769). Tran-
a seription by the late Heloise H. Cruzat, translation by
2 Sally Dart, introduction by Henry P. Dart......... 587
4 A History of Concordia Parish, Louisiana VIII, by R. D #7
eg i a Ee COG aed 598 td
_ ire sie ; a ; History of the American Party in Louisiana, V by W. Dar-
ees | 1: act oli 608
Pi Rapides Parish Louisiana, A History, V by G. P. Whit
ly 4 FE heer ence cesveni ene 628
a The Interregnum in Louisiana in 1861, III by Lane C. Ken-
PR tenance rey eee 639
7S Fort Jesup, Fort Selden, Camp Sabine, Camp Salubrity,
ARDIN d | Four Forgotten Frontier Army Posts of Western Louisi-
Sint ana, IV, by J. Ba at ne i C Salaay 670
BURNS =e New Orleans and the War of 1812, III, by R. McC. B. Adams 681
CALHOUN, ee ©
Lat ny

636 The Louisiana Historical Quarterly

doing a days work were retained on the plantation under the care |

and charge of the husband or manager. At these summer homes of
of the planter a building was erected to house these young slaves, the

special arrangements being made for the cooking of their meals.
The young children were under the care of some old negro Mammy
who not only looked after their physical well-being but was
also charged with the duty of controlling them. The negroes of
the small slave owner were usually loyal to their master and his
family, but this was not the rule where the ownership was such
that a manager or overseer Was employed.

Sa)

The slaves in Rapides came from many sources. Some from
Virginia and the older slaveholding states, some were smuggled
into the state directly from Africa and others were the products
of the sales made by Lafitte at Galveston and Barataria. It has
always been understood that a number of these slaves were
brought to this section by the Lafittes or their followers and sold
to the planters at prices much less than slaves that passed through
regular channels could be acquired. A few freemen of color lived
in this section and were the owners of some few negroes. There
were not as many here as in the adjoining parishes of Natchi-
toches and Avoyelles.

Le: hoe

[In the summer of 1837 the negro slaves on the plantations
near Cheneyville with the assistance of several free negroes at-
tempted an uprising with the result that their plans were dis-
covered. Nine negroes were legally hung as well as some three
free negroes. The scheme, that had been under consideration
for some time, was to form a company of slaves with the neces-
sary arms and ammunition to kill off the white men, women and
children and make their way to Texas. Corn and food had been
gathered together back of the plantations and even mules and
wagons had been provided and they were only waiting for the
day agreed upon. A negro named Lewis Cheney (the last name
being assumed on account of ownership) gave the information to
his owner. The negroes claimed that Lewis was the leader, the
man who had been doing most of the talking, but he was above
the ordinary in intelligence and when he feared that their plan | ins
would or had been discovered saved himself by giving the informa- ; Jol
tion that lead to the arrest of the other slaves. The state au- to:
thorized his purchase and freeing, provided he was sent out of “t]
the parish. ¢

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oo
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lec Ume
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other ¥

Cwte's

Matlds bed been

any 5:
Voceniee ef Valentige

bow to effect as eo@
and

Bilal

(m &

W isay (ans,

y Maly Bi.—James Lathr
’ for outrage. sic

EN ae

| eel ate, od das teen & 1h arnt

{
17

ave

‘i

| 1 ai
tiem Belorgad te

i te

the Bla

ae , we oe
duly, ant wast

~~ Exports—Sugar. ha

RR ate yee
RAY apty the ‘and atmospheric salus
: ison Hat ety. fn vporophratively tre

Bier Forks theses he e | in) PUBLI: 1 BA oe trom embarraesmentyits health nninterrupted—not a “oar git tai Ole

d¢tiiadelphie reece ve eres 29g 28, ; ¥y av “sitigie municipality soya cireulation--not a aolispry. |, o£ fom the evidence of the br

Babe Sees toi dy a } t See (}: 330-he ‘the r ’ palitions ae Rare of fever por eppalife itizens.. Surclyy” says ids Tous ee ee Te
“harlostoqceedtayt ort 1 “the Cominergial Bulletin of the favored town, ‘fwe) 18 hour# of terdnil weve &

we pee EN ‘¢) ha Nt Mets od aan,
THURSDAY MOR $ B Oe TODER 19, 188

See er

muy bo aliowed to rejoicy ‘at our prosperity, end {on tho other side uf the river,

should bo grateful to abtuign ptt i, | “tficat a iff, wheiga man, vl
ronson geyred theme toler a-innic ebei gg E io abauign Pouch Ye out} f. a me 10 bin, and deked hin

é Ys eo cacy, and.our bugthen.go light.” re; ie
Bae teh beatae rer ye ar sada aE , or meed «HRP 12 Which the Jeponent
1-2 By'the Briah Baroihms from ‘Atekandtial tnfornte 4 EF. ci oF aleuer dated © aioe remeron Bu epared
5 rap tae sme ‘tan by patiengers and lettars haye.beon received. of ree Havana, Oct. 15, 1837. LE leg ep nur AO ascabebe
: ; ae? ict ahi ; eee Yes 0 4
< les of Cotton Yesterday. 104 _an extensive insurrection, awhick gga HP ahnee eee AWof the late arrivals from sea represent ihe gate, : ie sand near fie mat doads
Q Fics A ik La pic net ecnepired: <2 Er place on the night of the 71h jnetant; at Rayon Rep #.'| of tho Gib and 7th to have boen very rete along the | agine duy, he seked hie Dror
~*~, oe pc it sc eiath ar es Att. dfew mile digegihe oa BO eve sicorary. 8) coast. On the 0h inst. the British fitgace Racer pa’[ Tee lichen citer
1 de a an ad bi fa Hone rer? About 60 Lees 8 } dvtg shis pore wish Tons of afters and guns thrown over" | tho dopunehts had:parchns
18. "dof dase. |. conlessian to BVSOIE Te t bootd: uleu g British beig and a Buston barque with]. Juseph, sgreed tueccanipany
‘ ; , Bk |. 3 ¢ ; : ;
: 8 da ** do. : : Jmmedintcly arrcsted ou the Trib, Pith and} hy Dof ‘hotest ce sae Cee oe day, they stared 4iut not |
277) do.” ‘Alabama’, old crop Bh a ‘ aria, 3 Bolinantar es : kk, end d
q) 4 ke’ aye - omy f the principal leadere were hung in Algxan Arig, of) Madam re atinelti was well onthe 14th inet. | oes sn and befulo rench:
a Ma wenstee Se | lemere Peel Bere about 4d io juilawaitiog} FO Donel hie ain:
: i ‘ - per ct} ane Pets’ ‘ wi . ‘ bo. vIn
: ; : (\ 7 ‘Tho exompleg given jn, the following attlete belong’) ney paid nv attendon, Whe

ocenenemen : ees of ghosts, wa know mt | ventand his bro reuil eon
MH. stationed throughout the disaffected district. Spore | Jolnacn on thy appoorange , , '

N thing le now -quict and tte negroes coieptelatysaled hoygtiuch to believe, ant byw. much lo fefect. We we acalardas and when
dued.” s ‘ wr m8 J ogffoulit Like to mnyet with some well suthenticnted ine aural of ie ia

5 i ‘ é , y 1
atances, in porsons of undyubtud reapdytability, of the aud when innpailataly abrer
influencd of she materital imagination on the. Embfyo. | ponent oqild nettoret. nd, ha
; Certain is is, that thd Ratoral croduluy of mankind, on va—that the ak iff belomyon toh
M50; triache 3a 33 white Wax 8,50) yellow 7 & 7,50, Municipality. 41.4 late our at which tt wae cor 4 questivns involved 1-e0 much obscurity and doubt, BTC nor, ba oh
meee worn aL Yaw ae | compels us to defer toa future nomber | pig beeen au often grosaly duped other by- destening (“Fie ie walk wpe that, within
Exchangé—On London 15 per cent remiam, on |, cortain observations we had proposed to make, which4 jmposture, or pPredumpruout itnorance, that thinking Weson raised hie aun or rifl

Paria ¥n 4,50) Spain according to porta 9a 10 preme | may possibly induce Mr. Shavinburg to demand th@ |) wien are prone to; fall in the, uppoaite error of be- tell at hiv (loponant’s) fem,

ih oie > popbetrarin ce A a : yes
Ny . 71a st ; i *" Two companies of United Bites troopa haveboon} 106 clusauf subjecie of which, liké tho opinion of Dt [ peerieduut, We bunta ny t
7
~

oo gs he ae! HAVANA,
e~, tmpore£BantahQer heer els 13;: Niw Or
Q 17; Northern lard @14 a 14,50; pork 199 24; beef
14, codfjsh 4,30 -& 5,50 apermcentdice Ya 14. - : : : es of : :

rd and half 6b, 10}, 81%, white NM The. following .rpeolutiug wae preacuted by
Re alune 120 136, quebrado 6h a7b, ourucho.6 a 6, firat Blaumburg, a monib(r of the Cyuncil of the. Bed rd
quality colee—, 2d qualitiy new, and 3 quahty 7ta :

win, New Orleans nothing doing.'other ports inthe U : A to ¢ {ao he brother, rT

States Ba 8,5) percent drcguat, doubloone | per ct repeal of a resolution which mny bo ptoductive of the | "heying nothing. s a ee Bo A a SN ae te

moon), prliar dollars nane, Mexican dollars 3 percont| most unpleasant consegnences, na Wa aball horcafte! Innate Antipathioa—Theac idiasyucrasicanroamong | % Caan IPTC maN
prenwgm. ondonvor to prove. : : ES ‘7, the mynteriau t patholeg cal ond eae ser {spit Robberg—By miforin
Re eT ATT OP PLT NT LOY OTN, Le ; Ee : Pa pe ‘ ance. Ty wana ated soya (ype ancy IN A aw port 1 itn Seth

: TO RENT—Two very Ommodious three Amaniinent of Article Gf the rules of wi Councils #1. paper, (ha! thor waa tho stiving i Vermont, young yeslerisys itl) NUN

; atory brick stores in Poydras mt, For (arma All communications from the Maynr, or from HOY) tian who could not ppenk to tte furtBer! Provions to | tyyy, ee 8 Hot ey)
tees y s 4 1 uty ye Wihnlt, between Byrrredio:
<2yi0 apply to LAURENT MILLAUDON, gfficer of thia Municipality must be inthe Janguage in] fis binsl rome angry iMrrence areee betweenhiemeth: | yyy have wuderervot, thats
“octlt 4 ' 7" 49 Royal a -which the Constwation of United States je writton—Il }, ro an her husband wid lor Meonsidembladingatty roe boy advice of the luc uf one
Oot it t 3 on sears - ; ! h me cannot be read by the {uacd to apenls to tite, oe 4sMeully wos subsequent: * colitde of remivaion at the |
; in any other Innguage tho an ly healed; the child wae bor, nadin dae time began Wb nrg wie mioemer, of nae

a TORENT.

fr3ac That epaciotra-and eonveniant Lire Proof | Socretary ond that this By Law bo'transpilted te the 7 ai ture het siting whl his fniher was invariably, t

Bis Yi ware house in Teulowse streat, beiween | Mayor for his approvel,in goniormily with (hd 6th Sece) silont. Tt continue de nilliy was feo years old, when OL agement bean fan
Gcahe 2a deny noe ne retire ct merorrng nay of Nom Oran | Ba oc AE ain br unaery awe

Meranre 3 ; ‘ : Net cer | nanion, threntened 1h witae prrmecimedy i hdl naetean 7 ,
of Sugar. Possession given on Gre firet of Novomber | Approved! 1h of Creter vese, When the punishment was intlioted, it etic dy wee esate ee ‘i
next, Ront very gheap Pp to i : . (Signed,) J. BALDWIN » Recorder nothing but sighsadd groans, which told buttoo plain tor vera, whieh ee Ritiet
ven 17-19 ¢ CHAKLES LOUISGARNIER. 3 —— : . ¢ Jy that the littl suflercr was Jal aristerns to the Aone Liss R
See OAT . IMPROVEMENTS. Pook. All wholwere present unitod in this opi0% | have both ata ty Davy C
rita COON fue who ON : ee : Aen the resolutions adopted by thé Count il of ea i ey ba contac ve ed Invha Water, whet re MS

er yide vu def i y er— { " ‘ ’ + F ie.

opendénc!Ge, stra ee on : : mature oye ita e Torts to converse contd only produce these on tard she steam

wus pareiny, ard fig of:
oat, inumedinty ty gave «
wero provided witha elpp

-Trrcnver, behind the saw: mill, mpporite the Lovee) the Jet Municipality in their euting-of Monday Inetr A
Steam Cotton Press.? Apply to a <p "there in ono Which ought cepecially tu claim the atten. the mort Inter at be-aynd grossa A 8 ee tate
"get I ee wt dL B, OLIVIER. » ' : od with a somewhat aimilor instance, We know a little

Lara ree. “tion of evory well wisher ‘to the preogrege of our} boy five years of oge, wha is thrown into un agony of 4 a wou)
: Bes BTORS. of the 8ubecribore adjoining the : 5 terror every time ha wees his futher'a eiater, betw en they succeeded, ulier en

- ! | ey: ato : _ ing Over his antlers; but se
City Benk wos: broken Into Jest night, two Tt 8 whont and his muther nviolont quarrel argee, proyius F, , ;
iron oan forced open, tnany valuable papers take a propestion of Mr. F.Armas to grant tlie endorse it) hia torts ncconipanied by an a@onu't. Tho ordina Varter, ar he waa inne

nway7ue well astwo Pocket Books ot red Mutoco | tron of tho Letmunicipalty,to tha aeound eering ofnetea | py antiparbtan pr portiallttas with regard to venous eet ake! apne ee Die
containing | large amount of bills, reocivable cor. | drawn by the Orleans ge) Sapa Company, on the | kipda of food fre wuoll kaown, bit are oxtremecly unpee EER An a: Went Walk A
nifieatOs Spore and of Debentures aad the following | pecurtty and mortgage already (urniahed; and the eon- | tcriots, oud oe iniwpixert a ai a Sack Nive, wed ptt hem oon
stina and Bank soles: | ‘ ’ jah j 5 , aystem which have never be ' sored, u c %

sixteen hundred dollars 19 Iilinols Bank notes of “ cen he ae ue of the charvoter of tha humun race, both in mental rides anna Aree is
hundrad dollera each, and two of fiNy dullere. : city and a basin, to be constructed atthe entrance OF} aud morn! qualities nay seven upon the sell disci: | ie gran sci th ; vu

sax hundred and eighty-five dollare in Commercis! | Bayon St Juhn,¢ro resolutions fu'l of interest and ime f fino and phyetcalintyenceso the maternnl eharacier. | 4 Rg Aa acuy, n
cngt Pailroad Banks, ti of twenty five and two of portance ; Charleston Bramine-, nostel the Engle, who t

dive dgjlars, rere at Brandon.

curve, intends keeping th

a -

nA ; Dank of Tennca eo in |- Dracegs:on ie unneceseary to prove the superior eas K 3D MUNICIPALITY This however, ia eubifa
’ te ose dollars Union pase sefulnese of shia kind of comatuntcation’o¢gr all oth foun y sa ae Bitung vf October 12th 1837. on ow board the bout,
And about eighty doltets in local Bank notes and| ers; and every one whu applive bieming tothe subject! |” Phe Cotincil assembled accorling adjourn =| are Aa:
silverand some hammesed dollars. - : Inuet percerve, that a cyatetn of cenveyunce like thet} ment. « When Napoleot was w
A vulable pawsid wu pe aves agvieh one denounc: }. just menioned, would tend greatly, to augment the | The Rocordor having onfled the membere to order, | an act of aiece heise: ¢
NS ‘ling tn derecting the offenders. _ areal and directed the Sucretary to call tho voll, the meme | convicta confined tor fiarr

aanseqnenee and population of the fau"

eve pres nt were: Meaven Dheviqneeud, Mneieny, | atitberty. Ne aleo direc

1860 Stratford Ave.

SB aes Plaza € enna a
erry St. of pa 77-24
Milford, CT enler *
877-7470 BETONSUPAY, 4198 Main Street
i wT CI
372-4348

WVihe J} “ae WES CX€CUuTEA af
A ltkarradrre £4. Lelieer
Ochber (07h ed (ATA 123 7
Jou have frem (Sted yy Whe
Mint ot Aug ust

obitl, 1860 Stratford Ave.
mb Tsaes
erry St. ew py 4
Y enler

Milford, CT
eae 877-7470 4198 Main Street
ma, Ht CT

Seven slaves of Col. Fi ug 4
Cxecctted at Donatharniic LA
. /hugust of (837 tiy turderthg
Shey overseer. You shew only Wo
wit, oily She Yar as the Wefe .

“ UEDCREe badebee DERE EE Grtetbaee es & aE

im | (Wome spivived contrgotor to undertake this most impor: |. \ forced to forma Ware, they were put ite dem ; NOW ROB s fag bee a Le SBM el ie a
OF warwork., 8 Se 0" te . arter by Gi eajant bavelry, who penetrated into « S erym teen f. a vaediehe wa eaeaphoarte: Fot
Another jidicivus meneire'was adopter: that of therr camp with ere in hand: The eaveral core W have recelved by the Wejrotic Paris papurs one a jm ies whom they
making a coniratt for prvi 1 k ae h partic Risy the Portugnere acquitted themrelves) doy laters The lotlowing i9 ali the n we i ba a
P, hing a contract tor prying anc otying the paves | vith yreg! bravery The regim ntol lancers, lot» fame ba cape your Paps, July 1 : 0 ‘nottha of Mr Farauil t
ar ‘diongs gi inonler. The Mayor t+ receive sealed pres | capinin . ngs A good deal of business both on the. French and > he: ay ! s
‘@] pals within iw nty days, and to contract to the ate rebels aulfered a noel terribty lon: particular | forrign Stock Excheoge, ani prices -advanced from wR. Iwert That the mayor
re]! juwest bidder, ly whenever the ‘cavalry operated, who mada te} Ba le. + , eS can MA as aw sheriff ul ibis parish a mi
Vel? oi qreute-taviges BY deserters ve are informed of | . met oS ot) Havare June 30° | Ol the 2d t Kalas eo for th
ie {ti A very interesting letter was rend from Mt. Rourges | phd tone of Segitona, Vita Real, and the briguder |: Baian of Cott ——1198 hlew ction; G90 bage Ha [018 eH + ‘

hi pl the Surveyor, whieh we hope, ahortly to have the | Don Canty Mie. no, with eoverntot the beat offierra | vena coffed ut 52h a 538; 13 cheatt fadige ar, 15 0 his cosis ng! pase’ frlany

Ma j by the
be : weore | thot the rebeleot Nuvarre h ve, We are pnnured, | QU. 00 fom. , ‘ entre of pimacquyte
my Sar ve tf laying before oar re mil sn dancieh anal ee the desertere already in our erinpe amount old} | os - _Waveg, July 4, oleae wees ei _ 191
\ alls cre tube prints di nen. without connting: Chore wha an the Hith del » Balea—2100 balee ention pf 8O.n 1061; 500 bogs phe riff the ' {mM He As

th bs Phe contest berwren engines 1 ant 6 did not takes} ver ithe maelviets Aymmont, avd ineltiding 170 per) Unvei Caffeo ut 48 a At froded; 63 mill Poru Copper 4 eee ieee |
"Y) th : . Ril. 1 mia. | fonere with q conetiernbse number of woanded. | 9t 89, ‘ ae ck: ; iy dein pr 1

ro] place y: aterday ne wae expocod, v wing ty rine "TP oamong whont ip Lientenant Colonel Alavers The wy hatrses <ere ie?

apo! ' It therpeomm nder eaeceeded tn taking hie escape | pecounts tom Bing: ow tw the 234 Mity The Pingne cone the municipality, ae have ul

teeth menntenna, Intest dates tornge amongat the ‘Turk been Inid.
' tintes at the latest dit g v Tor rit ia therefore resulved,

forthwith moke a report the
order that eama muy be apy

‘ * yf ? ceeitemeyenbaemmnane ; ‘
Ns Papp ehessaa o Thiasante of pera nts were or he | Prine: e's Heer ent the troopa of Row in pieces, |. Late rrom Reveee <The Carket ot Boston brings heen boeked be, and at the

a "th |, Phe appheawi tie atetut pg tet counts kite). private Correspondance from Ignuatada ad Jews, while among tde Christians the disenan di-

YY and ngand torg ry, te the eouater! it nu ond turing of Lag.in re, carte your excellenay, that alte wte dent of minishes At Baurn bat tho ‘Turkeys the number of.

ave | the ne gut thes municipaliies, 90 evident, that] the rebela im greater th mwas ar first p ibli hed. Dt cha Wei Wing op no se *: French the respective proprietors of

will not admit of any fyument. Forth or dteda yp suns total routecTt Ine been three. daye eince the hyamcinn of experiance, isengaged i investigating rie seal faashar ba the duty:

0%) : botle, andevery duy we have picked up guns, an. the nogure sf the tralnely, reo, cat aanth! pentane tot
V9 2] porte of ou fellow era ne, wine nave hen thie | ig demer te are nertving by hundreda [doubs wheth- The'Colern at Mecen committed grent ravagee—nl}| CUrree’ y

OR) arrange neuondate ther bem awe hope it may be | oor the butte on that escorts Don Carlon can eacnne tentholthe Pilyrime died, They were denied the privi ie, Paperboy aig |

eat. . . . . i ' « hire ;
bender eh Deeerte aly at ly oan ec woh allres ]o tron the danger, by which they ara menaced, The lege of returning the & val ponte through Egypt, |
eat . ine iwad mi y) sitfies A} orepor ofthe tual i earof Trietany ia confirmed, as Korrt.—The Plague continues ita ravages hie we es penenenty ot
ugh, coven owe ise i et we shneunced inauranmberotrh t date. amony the syn sad ig Arsenal or on beard tly: ahieh whe pial 9 a a,
‘é : : Fromth eane 19h June,—Our corrve Yondent ar | ehina et wok nt Alexmedrin, . ; : :
Hor, ah + gpl ee candela ste fare; the pedpte in Igualado, writes tous, bet the Pretender a finding Greect.—The vilivge ot Velo have been pillnged by ait P Mesa pod ak
gy ee perthot Wer Fehetana, th pverat we the Hotere of) ina iteccureat Sulsonu bas retired ‘abe Hermitage | bund of brrerandaand many ufthe mbhabitun a teker | een eg
MOTOR. pre ntatived te fil he eaganey aeesad eet by th 7 of Miracle. Our troupe in gnardiag all the avenu:+,] aricon: te, to be made a aver, ride ‘sho "ee iy We &
v 1091 doath ofthe dare niember, Cot Have They ar] oxpec to nitack him eguinby the first opportunity MUNICIPALISTY No3 Drenthe quaien bf ihe?
Ri- hart Unite and Cyra R ‘eA, both pronvun en | [ristane baam de a complete rete: at, teaving on his ; ; ne ey . - Mr Bertrand called for the
‘ cemp cmbuity, and retuving we obey the ordeys ol Den . Biting of Tuesday, 17th Aug, 183%, d the tall : Ine f
and asgecth ove not hgh haraeer and meats equd ted Cog. Phe Ayuteminente hae reevived the tul The council met puesuant te adjournment Duvi ies rh so
24: the aronon. ‘The contest be ween th in—we ene lowrey communication: +! Miinty re pre ment, Minere Desiqguand, Movigny, ath a a origny, mus
oe one tne Leatsinne Jocmal—w il cen on bake ane! : . Tgualada, 17h June. Rerirant, Kilehaw, Masmcut, Feraud and Monta: eer the nogative, M
R Za binkieg Aifin a ther migeitie set guestiares whirl | qiat ee ee i or ine: eceiven! Fron: head mat, a, no . eT |
. : : aarters, Hurd me nothing of parteular ain ortanc: “hej : itt i : N
. i A chat paper pre eunda, in oper that the eentmente | phe aaeps coniiitie to een Coivera. Tutto v i .. dant pe of the last siting being Nees and ap Micaora Bertrand and Ki —
m™ nal of the candplates may be elicited, ar the f Hewings [ do, am. other points adjacent, In the firatof there The following meerage from the mayor wera rend, me We wie ery the
very | 7" Will yon, orcithe ro’ you tn any ma eror form ied Ure are 26% wounded of Zwora ond Bt Mayuratty at New pte laa ence ha- demon trated 'o
give countenere: to. the susp gis) noot specie pay fo, he AMR ’ . ee, ae or , , 17h Auguat, 1837. oe i ;
_ mer te by the bunks te Leaner tor byw y vote vou We leern from the nrrie on, thot the Pretender en- Tosho president aod.members of the council of the ine oe love's it Tha hans
will give, we the reve wertative of the peop cot Wear] tered Solson. on Vuesdny nt Berclook in the merning | 3d muntcnpality, 1 gia: to peor”
pat] Fe lictana, sustain the bankai auch suspension 2 wina pany ofCavalry, and that he ts at present in Gentlemen: ' Moa of Sa and Mor
Wil yon, oreither of you, vote for susnining any the denghberhood of thy Hermie of St Mechael. The erolunion poseed at your | ot setting authorized on he fom one for their eo
pork | bank, ch tered by the Legistuure of Le utsiann, Prwtan te reteearng, aed wil ne onger subi (of ine ty ermit the bonds of the 3H imemeipality foro eutn We vote for the ree
mere | Which has for.eited ite charter by suspending epecre | the owdareofthe Pretender, . equaliothe amcust rub enibed by andividuals tothe | atready prescribes ta the @
2 8.) poymenie beyond the tums ellowed by bow 7 or wal Lorch hae pneacd near hereon his woy tothe camp |, capitsl of the I ke Borge Navigation Company, fier the sitting. neupy ol
*) you require of euch nprk or banks, te @ind up ther | of Parmyonne, ~ OD peadere itn cessary chat TD shyuld subaritte you view pineelieie which may eon
aflair ,with th: baat delay, wehour injury to debtorr From the some 2ist June, some obbervation=, my intention ta motto returns Your | 4, penaci tbe hun an cope
jori» | and withunt tssnthg new bu k notes, or granting new The Constiturionnt Aleulde ot Jyuntida underdate | resolution, but only toestar ine eome det: ile UO | anee”
Bets, | lonna to nny but present debore, and only ta them by of yesterday the 19th 10 0'clock, wight, writes ne fule | certain dispositions of abe charter of the company . On motion of Mr Kilahe
ext nding the loane already granted? lowan, ‘ The opinion of your attorney accords ecutirely woh Thureday, 2h Augue, tr

The avewers are nat yet given By their tenor, ee ee towne than ihe ee ie laces =e ay oH Celi Uy ahaa ad hag pret ing: she huur at which the
” . ‘ . ‘ , ’ ™ ? e ecko " we ' " > 4
re te fr alt of the eleerion will unerringly te et the popu Freya d the army between Tarrega, Verdu, Garanenn | Nod shall never (thot tein ne cnr) exceed th (made by
2. lar f. cling upen thé intportant ond all nbsorbing quer nd other crreummeribed pl ces, “The Pronder isat] individuals: thie ie the sense nod eprritiel the bow. aud
‘o 15,° 1. tins of the banks and their suspensions. ,
‘ - renee .

semble.

A true copy. ,

Sylao aor at ita aio him satellites are in the ow | you have acknowl dyed ttte be eo, eince yeur fe parlts c, B
virapa comunthng depre atone and exneps rating th: | gon ia based upon that principle, Norwithersnd 1g, ee eR at!

reople, obliging themsto fly, for natety to the muun | oye jt notevident, that the mupneipalty can alone emt a detent ‘
ins a will be een by thy following communteation | ity bonds in favor of a» ronttuted company, oF iain] & i m PCRS The art tm

Horrible Transaction,

: The ae hr at Advirenig coniaing an hich we have reemved frum Copone. the candition pte-enbed by this dew toe thet burpuer padelnesoreine teth
juality aoe ee wulical transactiun, thet. should (upons, 8th June—'T'v any in the adjveent woodel For, these conditons are formally exprese: d by ec rng the easing wer oes
AYTOMsY OUF CAlIg Ne 108 eenre of the dangeriu which | bordesing or Bavarroa, a great number of fantihex | tion 4ot the charter. “As soon nett rhall hove the 21, 27 ounces of bread f.

tut . ; : . bi

pinot th yar exposed by the internul spirit of wbliti.n; were seen-with a portion of ther etock flying trom the | two thirds vf the capiral of $500,000 subecrbed, | are pold at ane bitlorihr

a 15) and shonld putth mm -ere upon their guard” Tho af. enriuy who had mate demands on them tor hogs, | the eubscribers to end company, thete aureesrors and | weigh 25 jeer a ~~
; 4 a & ale] bo. ve, poultry, &c. dee. which they had nomeaneol |“ nemgns, rhall be as they are a3 the present, eotab- Aug !9, 183

n.. dee fair nim heginning to end is replete with horror, and supplying. “ , lishod gnd vreated a company. under the demination UTY ANIC —N-w
we would well enve our renders the sickening detailer |. arhyit Fare #2.~We veg a mecmensetly ue of the ans Ld a ha ation pce one a. ia |. Ciss7—Thes B are
ne : ‘ ki | ive ba tle with the enemy, which wi ethe finishing | thenevident thatthe Loke borgoe Navigation Com: | York. }
iS did we noe thick a knowledge of the Iacte fine high blow tosh: pretension of Don Carlos, ‘pany, legally epeaking, does not + xiat until the (wo eang 22 .
: el e8' iinportance tor our future governinent. _ This now 12 o'clock, M. und we have just heard, | third» of the capital which itis authermed to admioin: |. AXCJTANGE on N
bleons It seems thnt Mr. Pugh, a planter residing on the | thatthe rebel hus para: dthe Bbre. which hae deter | ter ta aubseribed for: are there shores tuken? Thee I .
Latodtche, beveme unensy onaccvunt of hié overseer, ce ad our Captain nap tu make a movement. | isthe question that a «the «mtmeon of the bonds nue 22
af ; 7 ecln guarantee this intelligence. for according to} of tho mopicipelity, pon thie pom Peannet rreve . —---- =
—The | seeing th horse of the latter without saddle or bre | several Arienos the sound of a heavy cannodading | upon poavive data flowever® I] am aware, that in INK—HO bble Me
Liver. dle, returning without hie master, He war appre: | wos beset neat O56) on, execuion of the clause of aecnon Gof che charter, auy 223 :
1 60, hensive sumu accivent must have happened to him, Sarragresaa, %5th June—800 rebels belonging tothe | ard ncung spe tf the two third of the enpital hud VLOUR—300 bblat:
Myre gid veritas dintuly had receurso to every posible plan army otthe Entunte entered thie city yerterday. Veo! been inken, the commune oonere of the comprn. one 4 gus Bt ) ;
» CO : ; expeet as many nore inthe courre of the day, ond | eda clecton te be beld by tha redeviduale stocke d ue mee aed
rilique | teexplaintha mysery, Ue sent neyroes in search | there remurne MOY at Cover. | heldere, But, fohe informe tion giv a me he cor cet One dV R—300 bole ev
the A ofthe overso. rf, but they returned, eayivg that they Inthe supplytn ns yesterday of * El Vapor’ it is! the commmiaset-nors only cons. d red ne an ah deoce ot . tt Se eee
ee of |: could heur nothing o! him. After in vin secking over stated that anothor engagement has taken pts io the fae, thatthe two thirds were subscribed tor by I AVANA Coffee
alten ‘ whieh the enimy hove lost 1900 may an the «Zz compreing the tutal ameunt af wo hondred and coffer, AS tenes bi

tinually the whole neighborhood. one ul his elaves, a cariman

mud r beens ‘ . steen Buleona.
btained | discovered the bedy, and gnve notice of it to hie mae- a aang tit ses ay ee eens

filly thousa: d dellnce eubectih. diby the dd mu epas | Bpurtyn, tor pale by

. : “oditys In any ene, fi be adivited bot thre subecrip- att
ates ter. Thewntor-u ate mean was found muti'ated im sasisheall ce et dais 16. tion of the munictality shal’ newer exeerd that ef tne | a {|
iyment, ‘ ¥ W FLOKIDA ‘ dividaole, whieh Pamtold does omountto more than Pe
the most barbarous and er. « head . ‘ ; oy wle, whi t ® mitt .

et from “. ted fi nad ‘it, b 4 oe iaclce . Hi k ail We are indebted 10 ons correspondent for the ine © 646,000, If ibe beyond doubt, that you should re J MIE tae ipa
harme-| separated Ir: « body and bearing the marks Ol) formation contained tn the followony bette ra. duce that which you hove subscribed, avd whieh aen- Gust on a: @e
uffeairs, } ecvernl axe cote. In hishands he soll bed a litle ‘ Fort Kine Flo. nat be valid for more than 49,000 dellnce, it wuntg | Yed The eubseriber w
1 £30,- suck, wih which it isp obabl. he attempied to detend Angus 3d, 1937. sermalesineent etible, tharthe two thiudaof the cae hie hl ial :
ae he 1} trom he J ueenila: The celebrated Joho Hick, (Tuckebstehe ajo vital ot 8500,0°0 waenet nor sa not eff csually abe a
lan, to une! trom hie crue) utenita: te. ee death { aerunsierit-ti ca ‘ ie! ia 1 mee ta XS yo TANTED at th

‘ i : + discevences itate 7 teumannge’s Papert wave aye ge ecribeds mothe company te not placed in thee meat Ve 4 ;
vor toe Col Payh, havi g,nade thm discoverer, hesitated | coine the mmersing with tne oher Ladians Ub an Sn arto uy ects : ena eile & VW aa ad
ities in} nota moment, but hidew syn gro, op oo whem the | ere thet he fas been nung en tie way tran Fun hoe netthe ryheto estublioh usett, ond contd not de] mtieteer. ot srmatroes
ach an shybrest suspicion cowld or oat, | pyre hended = Seven Mille , and that he left there (0 daya ngs gy expect eslv due, Baro nove theta, Edo no pee nd to relere seen will be requ:
saggy of the wretches hive perd the forteit of their crimes edtofint the chieteh ry and hae no eat bar that deci here derewers ably, 9 queson atgouches wo | Ne 49 Tchouritoulaa +

witha | and he balance ar: sored reve cagiheis hale Ca. in th y wil be ew maday ortwo. or he rhould net nearly the juter ote of ac may, on pooepervy ~~ THIRD SM

hovecome neg thiek that Pawel (QO) .ahd wall ine: may inifluenee that efithe par of the city you repre:

fe pre | be regretied that the ringl ver, wt hiweor thre ot] compocy thems thethe de etl at bom canp, oenr For sent, bonty eobimer to yen iny opinions upon toe mate TOTICE—Canfor |
ry MENT) hie nercei: ter h-ve made their wseepe, butt hep | Mi te. EE turer etetem th tile Todi tonne sub tery reserving to myedt the privilege of adder @ 1 DD cane of the on
Neti thopinlieden’ be erate. fering ve yma hronmreke eee deh tthe me des. you agatn, when Teuwl have conferred wath your at L7ih Auguet, 1837, {

Hate ot previmaue, tha th yore obliged to scatter) topnes: anul hea, Pdenk omy tury t * {th .

Th cre Party at cent . ‘ fat net, rok omy duty te auependthe | ihe Fehiner ot the me
| Th corcumataneoeot chien poling erent, hom nt theme Iwoeew file conmey te yet gam 5 thinks thot | emission of the bonds you: resol tion authorises Viceroy aud Coamp-
try te log thy cen'eda power(ul ex ttement ta Dontdaer o the d Iny teowtn to Helatocehee sa peti ee bon ol | lam, &e ‘ y

P : ’ . he Oy
oe ' nef Chek te tborbor. nnd bee family wer tek y thot Bigned D) PRIECR. Mayor. : ‘ed he limit
cary ae ee eis VM Wedtore lave wtret order teotto fir Tocnne we Oum. of Mr. Be nd the ru ty depen racic ead ay
iny when The Wire: euewry ml ef beat mena The word vo enonet bove prevetone ws ’ ani d pe rT a ies iM ures a _ oe ee Ont
one weet have hud w orber cry ple dl (Tarr, Ho teeneampot . port tearint eof netat th old, Resolved. Thiet a'lagtion on the pan of the Coane’ : "Tote etanidte in ac
nAm. re om ‘ina ; eyocy tor the eepe ce ef bontiog meted chief to upenn rts subjeetol te euiasion of hs bondsot the | obligea the purchases
snowh, Ge cernl J ekeon has wriptegn adete. tethee titers | 6 te we. Rays he Bom Jones, (Aprkee) newae , Therd Menteapatiy. ie taver ofthe Luke Borgar Now] the St municipalry, as
wee th Globe oy owht hohe pr terates tie boettity te cleed cory @ cethstone tune he thought he woul. gaten Compyny, is by the present renolulion sues | pep barrel
thay Bae |. rather diese the woods than te shake haode wehad perded anol further ord rn nug 22
: the Boi rekon souks, and declares tha on worethe terme tory white tan” Two love re wore reat feo the eurveyor olthe muy | ay ToAopans Can
diothen Ply goremmon to breek al oo neeton sw th thom Brack Creuw, 4th Angnat, 1837 neipolity, ‘ ee the Tphane Coo
et ner He ww ving jeune y newer or be oporit: bonks on aie san h veulitiat is worth eommuneatiog Tie firegis relative toth: nquednets that ie te sup “Fag legends sep ie
roun We hall probably tay ties Poor betore orn evade re _ Goh Meds Honmevery parcial the territery, ie | ply wat r%] the munteipalny tothe eurveyor's office, Joubein dereeeed.
he world, 7 perfoertly qiig! and @eeuse, on may rent ascend &e &e 4 Non ;
a Se nea narate &. thatthe Deetine well Comet po outrages, and that On inotion of Mr. Bertrand the rules bern dispen> Natice ie hereby giv
ue a ee = theo yowelhetyrate ne econ nathe aenmen will warrant ed with: the auditor anpointes!

toa itt PWT tse te feteer of the enew coe dyed | aeecunte of Nicholen (
v ' ‘ of iT

RE: Louisiana (1795)

"On April 15, 1795 the negroes, urged on by

a few white men, revolted on the Poydras
Plantations near Point Coupee. The uprising
was however quickly put down. Iwenty—five
blacks died in the battle, thirteen were
hanged here and there as examples in all
the villages. Nine more were condemned and
a great number were Severely punished."

de Villiers du Terrage,
translation of an e i
Page 423.

. eednop equzog Jog pedusy sHAvIs
S6<T ‘oeune - Lew *gToacey ystaeg eednon T

SEAVES, hanged Richmond (Beton Rouge), La

26 LIFE, LETTERS AND PAPERS OF

Oak Staves—Made last weck 14 C 32 W. Oak Staves.
In all 4M 4 C 55 W. Oak Staves 2 C Heading & 16 C 6
Red Oak Staves—Thermomr. 90 Degrees.

Monday 17th

Three Men threshing rice; 4 Negroes sawing, 9 sucker-
ing & hoeing Corn; 4 with Mr. Simpson plaistering the
negro Houses & 6 Sick.

Tuesday 18th

4 Men threshing rice, 1 falling W. Oak trees, 6 sawing
or Crosscutting; 6 hoeing Corn & 9 Sick.

Friday 21st

On this & the two preceeding days all Hands employed
as before; on thursday evening, went over with the rice
beaters to the old House to move the peas, killed a vast
many Ratts. Hercules employed winnowing rice this

afternoon.
Saturday 22d

4 Negroes Cross Cutting & 1 falling, 4 threshing rice,
12 hoeing Corn & 5 Sick, last night began to cut Indigo,
filled one vat & this Morning another—found the heat
conceived by a heap of Indigo lying all night 115 Degrees
—fine weather—borrowed of Mr. Poupet 56 bottles, of
Mr. Watts 21, of Pollock 25, of Mr. Ross 6 Demijones.

JuLy, 1776
Friday 12th

A very disagreeable & unexpected accident hath inter-
fered & prevented the keeping of my Journal with regu-
larity as heretofore—On Sunday 23d of June I dined at
Mr. Marshall’s with Messrs. Poupet & Francis, & being all
of us stave makers, we agreed the ensuing week to have
a trial of skill & the Sunday following to compare notes
—I intended regulating the work among my People in
such a manner that I had not the smallest doubt / from
former experiments / of making at least four thousand
staves—The Monday following in the morning, I was
visited by my Neighbors Messrs. Ross, Francis, [Gor]don;

WILLIAM DUNBAR, 1749-1810 27

They informed me that a conspiracy among . . . Negroes
had been discovered, & that it had taken [placje at my
House; The Names of three were mentioned, who with

Negro o atts & Floweérs,-were said to be the prin-
cipals—Judge my surprise!” Of what avail is kindness
| & good usage when rewarded by such ingratitude; ’tis
true indeed they were kept under due subordination &
obliged to do their duty in respect to plantation work,
but two of the three had always behaved so well that

G i ere a Negro of Mr. Poupets
was faken up on suspicion & my Fellow was bound with
Cords, still ignorant of the Discovery we had made. When
questioned he seemed to know nothing of the matter,
& when confronted by Mr. Ross’ Negroes / the Informers /
who had the story from himself, he still persisted in
his Inocence & Ignorance & mentioned as an argument
why it must be impossible; that he had now b[een] Con-
siderable time with his Master, that he had fed & clothed
him well & had never once struck him & of course it
was absurd to suppose him guilty. In the afternoon we
set out on our return down with Mr. Poupet to seize the
rest of the criminals—My Negro was sitting in the bottom
of the Boat with his arms pinioned; He was ’tis supposed
stung with the heghnousness of his guilt, ashamed per-
haps to look a Master in the face against whom he could
urge no plea to paliatehis-intended Diabolical plan; ~
forhetook an oppy. in the middle of the River to throw ~
| himself overboard & was immediately drowned—This was.
| sufficient evidence of his guilt. In the evening our other |
| two negroes were seized, another with one of Rapalje’s 4
| & one of Watt's & Flower’s. The Monday following was /@7 y 4
appointed for the trial of the Criminals & notice was sent |
| to the neighbouring settlements to be present on so solemn |
| an occasion. Several other Negroes were taken up on
suspicion in the interim; and the trial came on, When Pas
our two Negroes and one of Watt’s & Flower were con- gee L
6
\ 77

| ‘demned to be hanged & were accordingly executed the
_ following Day—Lesser punishments were inflicted on the

less guilly—By a law of this Province, Masters of Negroes

|
|

APERS OF

C 32 W. Oak Staves.
' Heading & 16 C 6

ees.

‘rroes sawing, 9 sucker-
impson plaistering the

N. Oak trees, 6 sawing
9 Sick.

ys all Hands employed
yent over with the rice
the peas, killed a vast

| winnowing rice this

alling, 4 threshing rice,
ht began to cut Indigo,
aother—found the heat
ag all night 115 Degrees
-- Poupet 56 bottles, of
fr. Ross 6 Demijones.

sted accident hath inter-
é my Journal with regu-
- 23d of June I dined at
et & Francis, & being all
he ensuing week to have
towing to compare notes
-k among my People in
1e smallest doubt / from
g at least four thousand

in the morning, I was
Ross, Francis, [Gor]don;

THUNDERTON HOUSE
Seat of the Dunbars

ee ee a en ee ee ee rye ae Ss a ee eee ne ee ee ee ee ee eS eee To ree, ey a oe a rN er ToS ee SS a we ee mn ae ae ae

Blacks (9 slaves - 3 freedmen), hanged Rapides Parish, La., 8 or 10-10/12=1837,

"New Orleans, Oct, 10. = %, learn from the Bulletin Board of the Mm rchant's Exchange
that the intended insurrection among the negroes in a portion of the parish of Rapides
near Alexandra was to have taken place on the evening of Saturday, the 7th inst.,
but was fortunately preventkd by one of the nerbees interested having sufficient
remorse to divulge the circumstances to his master, The consequence was, an arrest
by the infabitants of fifty negroes; and on making the requisite inquiries, nine
were tried, convicted and executed at Alexandria, on the llth and 1@th instant;
three of whom were free blacks, About forty of the culprits yet remain in confine-
mentz: apainst whom their exist not sufficient proofs for condemation,"

LOUISIANA ADVERTISER," RALEIGH REGISTER AND NORTH CAROLINA GAZETTE, Raleigh, NC,
10-30-1837 ( 3:6.)

HISTORY OF THUNDERTON TIOUSE

A little to the Eastward of Anchry’s House, are the remains of
Thunderton House. A handsome imansion il was in its time, its original
appearance only being remembered by a very few of the older inhabi-
tants of the burg. ‘The ground on which it stood consisted of severn
roods of burgh land, and it extended in breadth from the High Street,
at the North, to the back passage at the South. This house with its
grounds, was probably originally a Royal residence and in titles is
known by the name of “The Great Lodging.” It may have been the
manor referred to in the Charter granted by King Robert Bruce to his
nephew, Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, although this may be
doubtful and it likely was the residence of the Earls of Moray when
they came to administer justice in the town, up to the forfeiture of
Archibald Douglas in 1455.) The mansion thereafter passed to Dunbars
of Westfield. ce

When Sir Alexander of Westfield and his son, Sir James Dunbar
were created hereditary Sheriffs, they occupied this house as their
town residence, and it continued in that family till the vear 1603, at
which period, the direct male line of Westfield failed by the death of
Sir Alexander Dunbar without issue when it fell to his three sisters, Dor-
othea, Janet and Marjory, which is proved by the service of Janet Dun-
bar in the year 1603 “as one of the thrice lawfull aires umgle James
Dunbar of Westfield, her Father, to the third of the house and yveard in
Elgin, called the Sheriff's house.” Shortly after this date, we find the
house again in possession of the Earl of Moray, no doabt by purchase
from the heirs portoners of the Westficld family, and James Earl of
Moray, either sold or conveyed gratuitously the mansion to Alexander
Lord Duffus in the year 1605, who had married his daughter, Lady Mar-
garet Stewart. Lord Duffus added largely to it and built the tower. He
died in 1674. The part of the building which still stands seems to
have been the oldest and may have been erected by the Westfield
fainily or the Earl of Moray. The Western part and the tower by
Lord Duffus.

It was a fine mansion and a great ornament to the town, At the
entry door of the Court, a statue stood, on cach side, denoting savages,
the supporters of the Duffus arms. These are now lying in the Priory
of Pluscarden. The railing of the bartizan on the tower was composed
of large letters denoting the word Sutherland, the family surname.
The house had a fine bowling green with gardeas and coach houses,
. The rooms were large and elegant and the cornices and ceilings much
ornamented. James the second Lord Dulfus, lived here in great style,
and the house was handsoniely furnished. He was an extravagant and
unfortunate man, strongly attached to Jacobite principles. Tle ex-
ercised considerable influence over the affairs of the burgh of Elgin
and was Provost for five years preceding his death, which happened

on the 24th Sept.,
most of lands wer
roup. His eldest
William Sutherlan
Elgin, both joined
‘ause, lost the wri
was adjudged in ti
Duffus by Willian
adjudication to Ar
in 1743.

In 1746 it was
called Lady Arrad
ton, a noted Jacob
Prince Charles Ste
of his visit to Elg
From Mr. Dunbar
Sively to his son a:
bar.” At the close
by Mr. Alexander
Elgin District of |
afterwards Duche:
Style, exercised m
Servants, horses ai

In 1800, Sir Ar
Batchen, auctiones
Eastern part of th
Batchen Street. 1!
Haldane, of Airthn
through a most ev
a furniture wareri
Portion next to the
dwelling houses al

The lower part
ing station and oi
quaintly remarked
house into “a kirk
Sively used as a]
1822, the fine tov
removed, and an
on the West side o
During the last 50
Maining portion ©
of former greatnes:
able repair. The
regret to every lov

VY HOUSE

se, are the remains of
_.3 in its time, its original
y few of the older inhabi-
stood consisted of severn
dith from the High Street,
ith. This house with its
esidence and in titles is
.” It may have been the
King Robert Bruce to his
*, although this may be
the Earls of Moray when
1, up to the forfeiture of
reafter passed to Dunbars

s son, Sir James Dunbar
pied this house as their

aily till the year 1603, at

‘id failed by the death of
1] to his three sisters, Dor-
the service of Janet Dun-
:wfull aires umgle James
xf the house and yeard in
er this date, we find the
iy, no doubt by purchase
mily, and James Ear] of
he mansion to Alexander
d his daughter, Lady Mar-
t and built the tower. He
ich still stands seems to
rected by the Westfield

irt and the tower by

ent to the town. At the
‘h side, denoting savages,
- now lying in the Priory
the tower was composed
nd, the family surname.
rdens and coach houses.
rnices and ceilings much
lived here in great style,
>» was an extravagant and
bite principles. He ex-
rs of the burgh of Elgin
3 death, which happened

on the 24th Sept, 1705. He died in a state of bankruptcy, and the
most of lands were immediately sold. His furniture was sold by public
roup. lis cidest son Kenneth, Lord Dutfus, and his youngest son
William Sutherland of Roscommon, who was some y APS Drovait of
Elgin, both joined in the Rebellion of 1715, and in ‘that unfortunate
‘ause, lost the wreck of their property. The mansion house in Elgin
was adjudged in the beginning of the last century from Kenneth ord
Duffus by William Gordon of Farsken, who conveyed the dinvas of
adjudication to Archibald Dunbar of Newton, who Wits in-feoff therein
in 1743. | pee

In 1746 it was occupied by Mrs. Anderson of Arradoul (usually
called Lady Arradoul) cousin and sister-in-law of Mr. Dunbar ni News
ton, a noted Jacobite, who in the early spring of that year, entertained
Prince Charles Stewart for some time in this mansion on the occasion
of his visit to Elgin, a few weeks previous to the battle of Culloden
From Mr. Dunbar of Newton, the house and grounds passed sidces:
sively to his son and grandson, “Sir Alexander and Sir Archibatd Dan:
bar.” At the close of the last century, the old mansion was tenanted
by Mr, Alexander Brodie of Arnhale, member of Parllament for the
Elgin District of Burghs, and here in 1794, his only child. Elizabeth
afterwards Duchess of Gordon, was born. Mr. Brodie Lived: in. erent
style, exercised much hospitality, and had a large establishment of
servants, horses and hounds.

In 1800, Sir Archibald Dunbar sold the house and grounds to John
Batchen, auctioneer in Elgin, who immediately thereafter fenced the
Eastern part of the grounds, and formed a narrow Street, now called
Batchen Street. He gave off the South frontage to the late Mr. Robert
Haldane, of Airthnes, who erected a church upon it which after passed
through aomost eventful history; was in the year 1859 vonverted trite
a furniture Wwareroomn, and shortly thereafter cctbauned by fire. The
portion next to the High Street was sold to various parties who erected
dwelling houses and shops along the whole front.

The lower part of the mansion was for some time used for a preach-
ing station and on the bartizan there was a windmill. Mr Batchen
quaintly remarked to Sir Archibald that he had converted ‘is great
house into “a kirk and a mill” The building was afterwards Siccek:
sively used as a printing office, and a part of it as a law office In
1822, the fine tower, the most picturesque part of the fabric saan
removed, and a narrow lane formed through it, called Batchen lane
on the West side of which a small Congregational Church was erected.
During the last oU years there has been little further change; the ca
maining portion of the building, still venerable in its decay on shred
of former greatness, is occupied as private dwellings, and cent iis tale?
able repair. The destruction of this fine manor house is a subject f
regret to every lover of the City of Elgin. ae :

28 LIFE, LETTERS AND PAPERS OF

executed by order of a proper Court are entitled to re-
ceive their value of the Receiver General agreeable to
an appraisment made by the Court that condemned them
-—At present there is no Assembly & consequently no
monies can be raised—The Gentlemen settlers, have there-
for thought it equitable, that they should all bear a share
of the burthen as these executions were for the general
good of the Country: a Subscription hath been opened;
the Gentlemen of Richmond have subscribed liberally:
but after leaving this settlement, you move into a dif-
ferent Clime & it is feared the subscription will fall short
of the sum required-—-There are however exceptions to
this rule, as Mr. Clark & a few others—These accidents
hath occasioned such fatigues both of body & mind, that
Stave making hath been discontinued till the present time
—5 C W. Oak staves were made on the monday that
the Discovery was made—The Negroes have been em-
ployed during this time in weeding the fields & cuting
Canes—Nicholas the Carpenter was absent from Monday
21st June to Monday ist July which with one Day before
makes 13 working days to be made good.

Saturday 20th

Having continued very sick since Friday the 12th I
have been unable to continue my Journal, collected the
following from the overseer’s memorandums. Thursday
the 11th planted peas & rice by the swampside. Saturday
13th A new negro being a Natural died. Monday the 15th
sent Mr. Simpson with the Negro Boys to begin stave
making, bolting all day to teach the Boys—4 hands em-
ployed for several days past in suckering and pulling
blades from the Corn, the Rest cutting Cane—Nicholas
absent from work which makes 14 working days deficient.
Tuesday 16 Mr. Simpson & the 3 Boys at the Staves made
2 C 60 W. Oak, 4 Hands at the Corn, The rest cutting
Cane. Mr. Simpson fell sick to day—Wednesday 17th the
Negroes employed as before. Poor Bob, a white Boy an
Orphant, died to day. Thursday 18th, planting peas
and pumkins on the lowland. Friday 19th the same em-
ployment as yesterday, a little rice planted for experiment
in the old garden on the low land—This day planting
finished on the low land—pushing off the Boats & re-

pairing th
to day.

5 Negro:
I still cont:
of the Plar
tooke a ja
air, which

The Neg
morning f1

The Neg:
these three
do his dut

2 hands ¢:
Those usua
this foreno:
sick today.

The Car}
the new h:
loging trees

All hands
do his duty

This Mort

Teceived a |

bedience; 7
up at Mr. F
in Irons.

Ketty can
uncomferta!

Metadata

Containers:: Box 19 (2-Documentation of Executions), Folder 2
Resource Type:: Document
Description:: Unknown executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) Unknown executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) Unknown executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) Unknown executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) Unknown executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA) Unknown executed on 1811-01 in Louisiana (LA)
Rights:: In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted
Date Uploaded:: June 30, 2019

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