Academic Plan of GSPA, Reorganization of GSPA, 1965-1975

Mannok Lpplibasin

ACADEMIC PLAN
of the
GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS

1965-1974

November 3, 1965

ACADEMIC PLAN
OF THE
GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS
STATE. UNIVERSIGY cOF NEW. YORK
1965-1974

I, HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

The Graduate School of Public Affairs was established by State University
in 1962 for three specific purposes; to provide educational preparation for aca-
demic careers in political science, public administration and economics and
public service careers in administration; to undertake research on significant
public problems and issues; and to assist in the continuing professional develop-
ment of government executives, especially those of New York State.

In the three years following its establishment the Graduate School of Public
Affairs attracted successive record enrollments that made it in 1965 one of the
major institutions of its kind in the United States. The current full-time student
body is 80 per cent larger than that of 1964-65 and the School's present public
administration program is believed to be the largest in the country. In 1965
the Graduate School conferred 26 degrees including more than 10 per cent of
all of those in public administration granted in the country. The development
and operation of its academic programs has required approximately 90 per cent
of the institution's resources in the past three years.

The academic programs of the School have required so much of its resources
that only now is it becoming able to give adequate attention to its responsibilities
for research and.executive development. In 1962 the School created a Local
Government Studies Center as a means of carrying on organized research pro-

grams. Until the present fiscal year the Center was supported by private funds.
The financing of the Center by appropriation in 1965 has enabled the School to
proceed with its development. While presently small, with a staff of only
three professionals, it is expected to grow substantially in the next year,
Researcly in the Graduate School also includes the projects of individual
faculty members. Since the establishment of the School its faculty has pro-
duced each year books, monographs and journal articles.

While the Graduate School has not yet met its full obligation for assist-
ance in the executive development programs of New York's governments,
neither has it ignored that responsibility. During the past two years it has
presented four special programs for New York State executives and two others
will be offered in 1965. Its faculty also has assisted in the planning and
presentation of a number of the executive development programs of New
York State agencies. The School now proposes to organize as a constituent
unit a New York State Staff College. The Staff College would be concerned
entirely with research on the executive development needs of the officials
of New York's governments--state and local--and with the presentation of
programs designed to meet those needs,

In the past three years the Graduate School of Public Affairs has come
to play an important role in the government of New York State. It now sup-
plies a high proportion of the State's annual class of public administration
interns, The presence of the institution in Albany has facilitated recruit-
ment generally to the New York State Service. The School's research in

public administration has become increasingly significant to agencies of
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the State. The proposed New York State Staff College is expected to become
the focus of executive development in New York State Government,

While the School's record in public administration is extensive, more
than half of its resident students and a substantial number of its part-time
students are matriculated in political science and political economy. The insti-
tution already has placed several of its political science graduates in college
and university teaching positions. Despite its youth, the School has received
far more requests for teachers than it has beenable to fill, The School's
program in political economy, which is unique in the country, promises to
meet a growing need for a distinctively trained teacher and public servant.

The Graduate School of Public Affairs presently is engaged in attempting
to design a feasible means of integration with State University of New York at
Albany. While the details of integration are yet unsettled, the process should

strengthen its programs present and future.

Il, UNITY THROUGH IDENTITY

A. Student Enrollment
(lL) Projections to 1974
Enrollments in the Graduate School increased annually from
1962 to 1964 by approximately 25 per cent, In the latter year the
enrollment included 55 full-time and 300 part-time students. The
development of the program in political economy, announced in
April of 1965, with the continued expansion of the public adminis-

tration and political science curricula, increased full-time enroll-
ments in 1965 to 85 students. Of the 85 full-time students in the
present student body, 67 are master's students and 18 are doctoral
students.

Enrollment projections for 1970 and 1974 show large increases,
The reasons for them are several. The growing social involve-
ment with public affairs has stimulated academic study in this
field. Increased financial assistance from State and Federal sources
has attracted students who previously had been unable to afford
graduate study. The willingness of New York State to support
specialized fellowships and to authorize educational leave for pro-
fessional development has increased since 1957. In addition, many
public jurisdictions have in the past few years required entering
professionals to have the master's degree. Projecting this envi-
ronment and assuming a continued development of graduate pro-
grams in public affairs, enrollments in 1970 and 1974 will reach
the following dimensions:

The following tables reflect the limitations of enrollment
projections provided in December, 1964. The Graduate School of
Public Affairs has developed more recent and reliable projections
based upon experimental data generated since then. These have

been forwarded under separate cover to the Central Office.
DISTRIBUTION OF F.T.E, INSTRUCTION LOAD

PART I: BY PROGRAM, BY YEAR, BY LEVEL OF STUDENT*

PROGRAM IN POLITICAL SCIENCE

Lower Div. Upper Div. Masters Doctoral Total Number and % of
FTE FTE FTE Students FTE Total FTE Students
Students Students Students Students (Fall) Enrolled in
(Fall) (Fall (Fall) (Fall) (Fall) Evening Division
1964 (Actual) xx xx 48.00 8.00 56.00 xx
1970/(Est.).) xx xx 64.00 27.00 91..00 xx
1974 (Est. ) xx xx 90.00 38.00 128.00 xx
Lower Div. Upper Div. Masters Doctoral Total Percent of Total
FTE FTE ETE Students FTE FTE Students (Annual)
Students Students Students Students Enrolled in
(Annual) (Annual) (Annual) (Annual) {Annual} Evening Division
1964-65 (Actual) xx x 48.00 8.00 56.00 xx
1970-71 (Est.) xx xx 64.00 27.00 91.00 xx
1974-75 {Est.) xx xx 96.00 38.00 128.00 xx

*The Graduate School of Public Affairs does not have instructional departments, therefore enrollments

are distributed by academic degree program.

than by three term experimental calendar now in use.

Enrollments have been projected by semester rather
the librery whi¢h now numbers 15,000 volumes hes doubled ite holdings in the

past two yeors. Th adequately sup-ortea the course offerings of the currieulun

by making available, in miltiples aonies when necessery, all assigned readings,
Refglecting as it dasa the seope acd sweep of the program, and the interests

and apyneeches of a varieby of professors, 1b le, by extension, a good colleation of
ourrent publitshed and dooumentery materials in the fields of publica administras
tion and political aefence. In the area of politigal eaonomy, current materLals
have been supplemented by some background and historical materials, end attenpts
ave in wrogreas to acquire da depth materials in the verious segments of the field.
The Library book colloation is auguented by 250 veriedicala currently received,
and complete files of several significant ones have been obtaingd, Mven Limited
to a working aollection, 4% may be anticipeted that holdings will almost double

iu the next tey yeara end reach more than 25,000 volumes,

Broader goals, more developed doctoral. programa, the establishment of the

Staff College, the Inelysion of more soclology aud poyehology couragssin the
ourrioulun, and the requironent of the on«campua writing of 8 final research paper
will moke 14 imperative to acquire more background and hietorioal materiale in all
disetplines, to purchase back rons of periodical in our areas of interest either
in hard opy or on mloroflim, and to collect significant older and all current
publications of the state of New York, as woll as te be a depository of the output
of government research bureaus, As our conmliment to redemrch and spesielizetion
becomes too growt to Justify our devendence on mx other Libraries, ib will become
inoressingly necessary to round oub our colleetion of gencral reference materiale
suoh as petiedieal and newsvanor indexes, handbooka, statistical sources,
bibliographies end the Like A lLbrary of 503000 volumes may well be anticipated wkkixk
within five to aeven years to service the specialized needs of the Graduate Sehool
of Public Affatre and ita programs.
DISTRIBUTION OF F, T.E, INSTRUCTION LOAD

PARTI: BY PROGRAM, BY YEAR, BY LEVEL OF STUDENT*

PROGRAM IN POLITICAL ECONOMY

Lower Div. Upper Div. Masters Doctoral Total Number and % of
ETE FTE FTE Students FTE Total FTE Students
Students Students Students Students (Fall) Enrolled in
(Fall) {Fall) {Fali) {Fall} (Fall) Evening Division

1964 (Actual) xx xx xx xx xx xx

1970 (Est. ) Bes xx 65.00 30.00 95.00 xX

1974 {(Est.) xx xx 95.00 40.00 135.00 xx
Lower Div. Upper Div. Masters Doctoral Total Percent of Total FTE
FTE FTE FTE Students FTE Students (Annual)
Students Students Students Students Enrolled in Evening
(Annual) (Annual) {Annual) (Annual {Annual) Division

1964-65 (Actual) xx xx xx Rx xx xx

1970-71 (Est. ) xx xx 65.00 30.00 95,00 xX

1974-75 (Est. } xx xX 95.00 40.00 135.00 xx

*The Graduate School of Public Affairs does not have instructional departments, therefore
enrollments are distributed by academic degree program. Enrollmenis have been
projected by semester rather than by three term experimental calendar now in use.

DISTRIBUTION OF F,.T.E, INSTRUCTION LOAD

PARTI: BY PROGRAM, BY YEAR, BY LEVEL OF STUDENT*

PROGRAM IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Lower Div. Upper Div. Masters Doctoral Total Number and % of
FTE FTE FTE Students FTE Total FTE Students
Students Students Students Students {Fail} Enrolled in
(Fall) (Fail (Fall) (Fail) {Fail} Evening Division

1964 (Actual) xx xx 78. 00 25.00 103. 00 bod

1970 (Est. } xx xx 136. 00 28.00 164. 00 xx

1974 (Est.) xx xx 207.00 30.00 237.00 xx
Lower Div. Upper Div. Masters Doctoral Total Percent of Total FTE
FTE FTE FTE Students FTE Students (Annual)
Students Students Students Students Enrolled in Evening
(Annual) (Annual) (Annual) {Annual} (Annual) ‘ivision

1964-65 (Actual) =x xx 78. 00 25.00 103.00 xx

1970-71 (Est. ) xx xx 136.00 28.00 164. 00 me

1974-75 (Est. } xx KX 207.00 30.00 237.00 =x

#The Graduate School of Public Affairs does not have instructional departments, therefore

enrollments are distributed by academic degree programs.

Enrollments have been

projected by semester rather than by three term experimental calendar now in use.
DISTRIBUTION OF F,T.E, INSTRUCTIONAL LOAD

PART Ui: FOR TOTAL CAMPUS, BY YEAR, AND BY LEVEL OF STUDENT

Fall F.T.E. Student Load Annual FTE Student Load*
Student Credit Hours F.T.E. Students Student Credit Hours F.1T.E. Students

1964-65 (Actual)

Lower Division =x xx xx xx
Upper Division xx xx oo. xx

Masters 1512.00 126.00 3150.00 126.00
Doctoral xx 33.00 xx 33.00

1970-71 (Est.)

Lower Division xx xx xx xx
Upper Division 3.4 xx xx xx
Masters 3180.00 265.00 6360. 00 265.00
Doctoral xx 85.00 xx 85.00
1974-75 (Est. )
Lower Division xx xx xx xx
Upper Division xx xx xx xx
Masters 4704. 00 392.00 9804. 00 392.00
Doctoral xx 108.00 Ex 108.00

*Undergraduates: semester and trimester campuses divide "SCH" column by 30 for ''Average Annual
FTE Student’ whereas quarterly campuses divided by 45.

Master's: Four-year general colleges and University Centers on semester basis divide "SCH"
column by 24. Quarterly campuses divide by 36.

Doctoral: University Centers use head count (graduate majors).
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(2) Admissions and Counselling Policies and Challenges

The number of applications for full-time study admission to the
Graduate School of Public Affairs nearly doubled from the last to the
current academic year. The quality of the average applicant, in terms
of past academic performance and future promise, also rose signifi-
cantly. These factors account for an increase of approximately 80 per
cent in full-time student body from 1964 to 1965.

Thus, the critical factor limiting future growth of full-time enroll-
ment at the Graduate School of Public Affairs is not expected to be a
lack of qualified applicants, assuming adequate faculty resources, but
the availability of fellowship funds to attract outstanding students in
the acute competition among graduate schools. Fellowship resources
of the Graduate School of Public Affairs must be enlarged in corres-
pondence with its enrollment projections if student quality standards are

to be maintained,

Faculty

(1) Workload, Student-Faculty Ratios and Staffing Needs

The Graduate School must bedle to accept substantial research and
service assignments while maintaining its instructional programs if it
is to reach the objectives for which it was established. Thus, its basic
teaching load is two courses in the Fall and Winter Terms and one course
in the Spring-Summer semester. In addition, each member of the faculty

must be concurrently engaged in a substantial research project or have
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major administrative duties in the School. This workload policy enables
the institution to make significant contributions to the knowledge of pub-
lic affairs while maintaining instructional programs of good quality.

In the event a faculty member is not interested in major research during
an academic year, he may assume a teaching load of nine hours in the
Fall and Winter Terms, a policy which accords with the standards of
the Middle States Association,

Since the establishment of the School its faculty-student ratio has
been much higher than desirable. In 1965 the instructional ratio is 14.9
to 1. In the 1966-67 academic year the School anticipates a reduction in
the ratio of 8 per cent to13,7 tol. This ratio is greatly in excess of
the University-recommended 1 to 8 ratio for graduate programs. The
School has had to service its large enrollments by voluntary teaching
contributions, larger class sizes, and through a summer tutorial program.

For 1966-67 the School needs an additional twelve faculty members
distributed among its three programs of public administration, political
science, and political economy. In addition, it will require a sub-
stantial increase in the basic staff of the Local Government Studies
Center and additional staff for its proposed Staff College.

In public administration the School specifically needs specialists
in the fields of systems analysis and management, administrative
behavior and personnel, managerial economics, organization theory,

administrative law, politics andadministrative finance. In political
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science it needs additional specialists in the fields of international and
comparative politics, American politics and political behavior and poli-
tical theory. In political economy it needs specialists in the fields of
quantitative analysis, economic organization and social control and
development economics. It is important to note here that the Graduate
School needs faculty members who have developed an interest and compe-
tence in a particular subject specialty #atHES than a broad academic
discipline.

It is obvious that staff needs will mount in direct ratio to student
body growth. However, other developmental factors also will have a
major effect on staff requirements. As academic-related functions of
the School increase in number and scope~--institutional research,
executive development, possible overseas programs, and consulting
services--the staff resources must be augmented accordingly in order
to maintain theintegrity of the academic programs. The initiation of
the new academic programs suggested in Section III also will create new
staff requirements not envisioned in the growth projections of present
program responsibilities,

(2) Recruitment and Retention of Faculty

The objectives and programs of the Graduate School of Public
Affairs have made faculty recruitment especially difficult. As a gradu~
ate institution, the School had first to recruit a core faculty of senior

men in its academic fields. Given the shortage of senior professors
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in political science, public administration and economics, as well as
the development of State University, the recruitment of this faculty
was a difficult undertaking. However, the School has been successful
in attracting senior men to plan and initiate its major programs and
during the past two years has added young specialists in its respective

disciplines.

There is and has been for many years a national shortage of
teachers of public administration and economics. An effective teacher
of public administration usually is a man with a doctorate in one of the
social sciences and, as well, substantial administrative experience.

| Not only are such individuals few in the United States at present but

they command exceptionally high salaries.

The Graduate School's unique program in political economy requires
| economists with a definite interest in a multi-disciplinary program and
I preferably ~-with substantial governmental or research experience. As
the supply of economists is notably short in this country, the recruit-

ment of a sufficient number of economists to initiate and maintain the

School's programs in political economy has required a particularly

intensive effort,

The Graduate School of Public Affairs has been able to recruit
faculty of high quality because it offered, above all, opportunities to

participate in a major academic experiment. The interdisciplinary

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organization of the faculty has created a congenial atmosphere for the

development of individuals and has been a major factor in retaining

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them. The School also has offered teaching loads which permit speciali-
zation and make possible substantial research. The retention and

expansion of this faculty will require maintenance of this environment.

Cc. Existing Programs

(1) Campus-Wide Institutional Programs

The Graduate School of Public Affairs currently operates on a year-
round academic calendar. A ten-month cycle of three terms beginning
in early September and ending in late June of the following year was
designed to permit the completion of master's degrees on an intensive
basis during that period. In addition, a tutorial program for advanced

students anda directed readings program for beginning and continuing

students are operated through the summer, commencing in mid-April
and concluding in late August. These latter programs provide a desir-

able element of individualized direction as well as flexibility, at the same

1 time permitting continuity and acceleration in the completion of degree

programs,

(2) Graduate and Professional Programs

The Graduate School of Public Affairs offers’ work through the. doctorate
in political science, political economy and public administration and, ,

as well, the M.A. in Public Affairs.

The School's programs in political science, designed for persons
interested in undertaking careers in teaching, research, and public ser-

vice, were reformulated in 1964-65 and reflect the substantial changes

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in this field during the past ten years. These programs do not stress any
single conceptual framework or analytical method but rather attempt» to
incorporate elements of the various approaches: philosophicd, historical,
descriptive, institutional, and rigorously empirical. As they were initi-
ated in 1965, the institution does not have yet a basis for evaluation.

The formulation of programs in public administration is an especi-
ally difficult problem of conceptualization. The needs of the country's pub-
lic services have changed rapidly and in the past fifteen years the interest
of social scientists in public administration hag increased to such an
extent that traditional theories, courses and programs have had to be
re-evaluated in the light of a large body of new teaching materials as well
as development of certain new techniques of analysis. During 1964-65
the faculty of the Graduate School basically reformulated its programs
in public administration. The Graduate School now offers the M.P.A.
with six options for concentration: administrative management, public
finance, urban development, human resources, public information and
international affairs.

The School has had sufficient experience with its programs in public
administration to know that its degrees are viable, The recipients of the
Graduate School's M. P.A. have been highly employable or, if employed,
the degree has facilitated their career development. The doctorate in
public administration is a professional degree formulated especially for

experienced administrators, teachers, consultants and researchers

who wish to deepen and synthesize their understanding of public adminis~
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tration through formal study. Due primarily to its location in a major
capital, the Graduate School of Public Affairs has attracted one of the
larger groups of D.P.A. students in the United States. The majority of
these candidates are senior civil sérvants of New York State while others
are foreign students.

The programs of the Graduate School leading to the M.A. and Ph.D.
in political economy are unique in the country. Initiated in 1965, they con-
stitute one of the substantial experiments of the institution and already
have evoked considerable attention in the country. Like the other pro-
grams of the School, those in political economy are designed for persons
interested in one of several possible careers--teaching, public service,
research, consulting. The programs in political economy are designed
to produce professionally trained economists but ones who have an under-
standing of the political and administrative environment of the modern pub-
lic economy. Persons with professional training of this kind have been
especially effective in economic development both domestic and foreign,
in the administration of governmental economic programs and in teaching
contemporary economics,

There are clear indications of a tendency in the United States, already
pronounced in some universities, to modify the standard graduate econo-
mics offerings by reducing emphasis on virtuosity in abstract mathematical
formulation in favor of a no~less disciplined but more empizically and insti-

tutionally oriented basis for professional competence in dealing with com-

plex social problems and practical policy issues. The Graduate School
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is exceptionally well situated for leadership in this incipient reorientation.
its public affairs mandate, and the close working relationships it encourages
with active professionals in the companion disciplines of political science
and public administration, create a fertile context for the rapid development
of new and useful concepts in economics. That development will, of course,
depend upon the strength and character of the faculty's research involve-
ment. In this connection, crucial advantages to the program reside in the
proximity of the State offices, important equally for the data resources they
can provide faculty-originated research, and for the impetus and direction
they offer by their own needs in the realms of analysis, policy, and adminis-
tration,

The School envisions a growing involvement by graduate students, par-
ticularly those in the Ph.D. programs in research activity with faculty mem-
bers, Such student work, in association not only with the political economy
faculty, but others as well, will focus on comprehensive approaches demanded
by the supra-disciplinary problems which, in the final analysis, define the
Graduate School's functions and justify the public affairs aegis. As staffing
needs are met, and the initial burdens of recruiting and curriculum develop-
ment are reduced, there will be increasing opportunity for joint instruction
of key courses, a device which with proper support may be expected to infuse
a special vitality into the political economy, and other, graduate training
programs.

The Graduate School's program in political economy requires faculty

members well-schooled in the traditional tools of economic analysis,
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seasoned by substantial governmental or research experience, and ori-
ented by interest to the new complex of issues being generated by the grow-
ing importance of the governmental sector of the economy and the shifting
patterns of interaction between government and market processes,

As economists are notably in short supply in this country and as those
with the demonstrated skills and research interests most suited to the
School's needs are especially scarce, recruitment of faculty to initiate
and advance the program in political economy has been particularly demand-
ing.

The Graduate School of Public Affairs will not have a basis for calcu-
lating this program for some years. However, it has attracted a substan-
tial number of students in its first year, though announced late in May,
and attracted the interest of many economists, universities and govern-
mental agencies. This interest is reflected in the number of inquiries the
School has received in 1965 from economists interested in teaching positions,

The Graduate School's program leading to the M.A. in public affairs
was designed to meet the special needs of persons requiring individualized
graduate curricula. Admission to the program is highly selective. Speci-
fic programs, designed in accordance with individual requirements, are
multi-disciplinary in order to permit the utilization of several social and
behavioral sciences in the analysis of major questions of social processes
or public probleme: The School's experience with this degree has been

satisfactory although enrollment has been restricted by its special purpose,
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The Graduate School is so young that although its student body is
large it does not yet have a reasorable basis for evaluation of its pro-
grams. They are, however, under continuous evaluation and most of
their graduates have entered positions of such a kind that it will be
possible to obtain appraisals of their performance relatively early in
their careers, The faculty is considering a general review of the pro-
gress of its graduates after the graduation of the School's fifth class.

A general review of the functions and programs of the School by a
special panel in the Spring of 1966 is also under consideration,

A major source of the strength of the academic programs of the
Graduate School of Public Affairs is the inter-disciplinary nature of its
faculty and the absence of departmental barriers, This environment
has stimulated the program formulation process and also has enhanced
the professional development of the faculty by sensitizing each member
to the strengths, weaknesses and distinctive contributions of the several
associated disciplines in the study, of public affairs. Program develop-
ment, individual and organized research undertakings, as well as teach-
ing methods and approaches have been subjected to cross-disciplinary
examination and discussion.

A major shortcoming in the programs of the Graduate School of
Public Affairs is the lack of allied support from and of opportunity for
fruitful cooperation with related academic and professional fields. The
comprehensive study of public affairs requires the resources of a fully-

developed university. The programis in public affairs would be measur~
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ably strengthened by the initiation of appropriate teaching, research and
program relationships with academic departments in the other social
sciences, in the humanities and even in the sciences, as well as with
professional schools of business, education, social welfare, criminal
justice, andlaw. The Graduate School of Public Affairs assumes that it
will be strengthened in these respects by integration with State University

of New York at Albany

D. Research Facilities and Research Support

One of the three major responsibilities of the Graduate School of Pub-
lic Affairs is research. The research program of the School includes both
individual and organized research projects. The School's responsibility for
research has influenced basically its policy on faculty workloads described
earlier. This policy on workloads has greatly encouraged faculty research and
been a major factor in the recruitment and retention of faculty members. It
has made possible during the Schools' brief history a substantial number of
individual and organized research projects. These projects have now given
the School a basis for planning its long-range research program.

In 1965-66 the School has, for the first time, a small fund of $5, 000
for research support. This money is available to faculty members for specific
research costs, including travel, data collection, and employment of assistants.
The funds presently available for research support are not at all adequate to
the special needs of a School of this kind which depends ultimately upon original
field research, The future of research in the institution will depend in large

part upon substantial increases in research support funds, a decision reflected
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in the School's budget request for 1966-67.
During the current year the Graduate School has developed a comprehensive
publications program to support its research program. This program includes
a reprint series, a monograph series, and an annual public affairs papers volume.
A fourth element in the institution's research program is its developing
Local Government Studies Center. This unit of the School, still note staffed

appropriately, publishes the nationally known Metropolitan Area Problems: News

and Digest. This publication relates the School to current research on metro-
politan area problems. The Center also maintains an extensive library of/govern~
ment documents. As noted above in this report, the Local Government Studies
Center is the School's agency for organized research. Its staff eventually will
include a director, research assistants and editors. Its programs will be con-
ducted with the assistance of faculty members and in cooperation with public and
private institutions.

A successful research program is dependent on adequacy of library resources,
While the School has gone far in three years toward the creation of an appropriate
library for a professional school, it still lacks a large body of the documentation
requited by its faculty and students. Although some of these materials are avail-
able in the New York State Library, they are not always accessible to the School.
Thus the acquisition of these resources is a major responsibility of the University
in the next five years, and fiscal plans have been made accordingly.

Research in the Graduate School also has been restricted by lack of adequate
data processing facilities. During the present year the School will acquire cer-

tain data processing equipment and is cooperating in planning the Computer
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Center of State University of New York at Albany.

E. Library Resources

The Library of the Graduate School of Public Affairs, which now includes
15, 000 volumes, has doubled its holdings in the past two years, It adequately
supports the course offerings of the curriculum. Reflecting as it does the scope
of the School's programs, it is a respectable collection of currently published
and documentary materials in the fields of public administration, political
science and political economy. In the area of political economy, current mate-
tials have been supplemented by background and historical works, and acquisi-
tion in depth of the more significant contributions to the bibliography of this
segment is in progress, The library book collection is augmented by 250 peri-~
odicals currently received and by complete files of several significant journals.
Even limited to a working collection, it may be anticipated that the holdings
of the library will almost double in the next two years and reach more than
25, 000 volumes.

Broader goals, larger and more fully developed doctoral programs, in-
creased faculty research, the establishment of the executive development pro-
gram, and the requirement that M.P.A. candidates write on-campus a major
research paper make imperative the expansion of the School's library. It
must acquire more background and historical materials in all disciplines, pur-
chase back files of periodicals and newspapers either in hard copy or on micro-~
film, and collect significant early and current publications of the Federal govern-

ment, New York and other state governments, and governmental research
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bureaus. As the School's commitment to research and specialization becomes
too great for it to depend on other libraries, it will become increasingly
necessary to expand its collection of general reference materials, such as
periodical and newspaper indexes, handbooks, statistical sources, bibliogra-
phies, and the like. A library of over 50, 000 will be needed within five to
seven years to service the specialized needs of the Graduate School of Public
Affairs and its programs.

Volume count alone does not assure an effective library. Resources,
even if accumulated, cannot be exploited without adequate personnel to guide
and perform technical processing, and to provide bibliographical assistance
in support of the research activities of faculty and students. Although the
library staff has doubled in the past year, further additions of professional
librarians and clerical assistants will be necessary to keep pace with antici-
pated growth and demands. The possibilities of inter-unit cooperation and
the application of data processing techniques made possible by the purchase
of new equipment and the establishment of the University computer center

will be explored to increase further the library's potential for service.

F. Public Service Programs

The Graduate School of Public Affairs obviously is in substantial part
a public service institution of State University of New York, It properly is
considered the institution of State University with a particular interest in
the governmentsof New York. These facts do not depreciate its value as an

academic institution but, rather, enhance its resources.
23

One of the reasons for the establishment of the School was to enable
State University to assist the governments of New York through the prepara-
tion of prospective public servants, through research, and through the presen-
tation of executive development opportunities. The School already supplies
in large part New York State's need for new administrative personnel and its
location in Albany has enabled the State to recruit administrative and other
personnel more readily, Each year several hundreds of New York State's
officials continue their education in the School. Further, as discussed below,
the School proposes to create a New York State Staff College which will be
devoted entirely to the continuing development of the executives of the State's
governments.

In addition to its teaching and training programs, the Graduate School
is heavily committed to assisting in research on the problems of New York
State government as well as those of governments in the U.S. generally and
of international political and economic development,

The contribution of the Capital District Region and of the State generally
to the institution is great. The Graduate School of Public Affairs has one of
the two most advantageous locations in the United States for the study of
public affairs. Its relations to the State government and to many of the major
local governments in the State have been of inestimable value in the develop-
ment of its programs. Not only do these governments provide a ready
employment market for the School's graduates but they give the institution
essential means of supplementing its programs of instruction, research and

training. The School expects to extend its relationships with the govern-
Il.

24

ments of the State. It also can assist other units of the University in develop-
ing appropriate relations with governmental institutions in their areas. The
State's Local Government Study Center and the proposed New York State Staff
College are expected to be especially useful as agencies of increasing public
service by the School and the University.

UNITY THROUGH DIVERSITY

A. Experimental Approach

The Graduate School of Public Affairs has plans to explore the possibility
of several experimental innovations in its existing academic and professional
programs. Among them is the prospective development of integrated work~
study programs in public administration, political science and political econo=
my in cooperation with agencies of New York State and local governments and
the New York State Legislature. Such programs might provide a mutually-
reinforcing combination of academic work and professional experience over
a period of two years to produce master's degree sequences which profitably
and meaningfully integrate study and experience, The close physical and
organizational relationships of the Graduate School of Public Affairs with
New York's governments will facilitate distinctive work-study arrangements

which are not feasible where governments and universities are geographically

separated,

B. Proposed New Institutional Programs

The Graduate School of Public Affairs hopes to develop opportunities
for teaching assistantships for its doctoral students planning careers in

college teaching. The present organizational situation of the School does not
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> 25
permit this necessary feature of teacher training to be realized. It is hoped
that the prospective association of the Graduate School of Public Affairs and
SUNY at Albany will facilitate this development. Parenthetically, this
cooperative arrangement would also add an incremental teaching resource

to the undergraduate program of the University Center,

C. Proposed New Fields of Specialization

The Graduate School of Public Affairs has under consideration the formu-
lation of two new professional master's degree programs--one in urban and
regional development and the second in public planning. Both prospective
programs would be university responses to the amply documented need for
trained manpower in these fields as well as to anticipated needs which will be
generated by the increasingly greater governmental involvement in area
development and resource allocation, Each of the two new programs being
considered would be broadly social science oriented and would emphasize the
social, economic, political and administrative aspects of development and
planning. Certain technical and professional elements would also be incorpo-
rated in these programs.

With the association of the Graduate School of Public Affairs with State
University of New York at Albany several interdisciplinary programs, espe-
cially at the master's level, may become feasible. Among these are programs
in political sociology, political and social psychology, and political and eco-
nomic geography, The Graduate School of Public Affairs also is interested
in participating in area studies programs within the University Center, To

date the School has not emphasized area specialties since area studies require
26
the resources of a fully developed university. However, several faculty
members have specialized competences in Latin America, South Asia, and
Africa, which could be contributed to appropriate area studies programs.

The Graduate School of Public Affairs also plans to study the desira-
bility of developing a program designed to prepare persons for college-level
teaching in traditional disciplines and in combined fields. This program
would emphasize the development of teaching competence in a field but would
preserve for the Ph.D. degree the demonstration of scholarship through
major research. It might be either terminal or transitional depending upon

the professional needs of the student.

D. Proposed New Organized Research Programs

As noted above, the Graduate School incorporates a Local Government
Studies Center. From August 1962 until April 1, 1965, the Center was sup-
ported by private funds, With the assumption by the State in fiscal 1965 of
the costs of the Local Government Studies Center, a substantial expansion of
its programs became possible. A primary task of the School is to relate the
organized research program of the Center to those of certain State agencies
including, especially, the New York State Division of the Budget, the Office
of Local Government, the Department of Audit and Control, the Department
of Taxation, the Department of Health, and that of the New York State Legis-
lature. While the Local Government Studies Center of the Graduate School
will render some routine research service, its major programs will be ones

of basic research. Thatis, it.will not attempt to engage in operational
26
the resources of a fully developed university. However, several faculty
members have specialized competences in Latin America, South Asia, and
Africa, which could be contributed to appropriate area studies programs.

The Graduate School of Public Affairs also plans to study the desira~
bility of developing a program designed to prepare persons for college-level
teaching in traditional disciplines and in combined fields. This program
would emphasize the development of teaching competence in a field but would
preserve for the Ph.D. degree the demonstration of scholarship through
major research. It might be either terminal or transitional depending upon

the professional needs of the student.

D. Proposed New Organized Research Programs

As noted above, the Graduate School incorporates a Local Government
Studies Center. From August 1962 until April 1, 1965, the Center was sup-
ported by private funds. With the assumption by the State in fiscal 1965 of
the costs of the Local Government Studies Center, a substantial expansion of
its programs became possible. A primary task of the School is to relate the
organized research program of the Center to those of certain State agencies
including, especially, the New York State Division of the Budget, the Office
of Local Government, the Department of Audit and Control, the Department
of Taxation, the Department of Health, and that of the New York State Legis-
lature. While the Local Government Studies Center of the Graduate School
will render some routine research service, its major programs will be ones

of basic research. That is, it will not attempt to engage in operational
27

research but rather to undertake certain fundamental and long-term studies
needed by the governments of the State. It is expected that some of these
projects will be carried on by the School alone while others will be conducted

in cooperation with state agencies and local governments.

E. Proposed Public Service Opportunities

One of the explicit and principal responsibilities of the Graduate Schoal
of Public Affairs is to assist in the professional development of New York's
governmental executives. During the past three years the School has offered
certain special pregzame for the State's public executives but they have not
been sufficient in numbers and extent to meet the State's needs, The Graduate
School now proposes to reorganize and expand ite executive training programs
by creating a special unit for the purpose which it believes should be titled

The New York State Staff College. The staff of the proposed unit will include

a director, assistant director and clerical personnel. It will be responsible
for program research and planning, liaison with State agencies, special publi-
cations and management of cceReER, The faculty of the proposed Staff Col-
lege will be drawn principally from the faculty of the Graduate School of
Public Affairs.

The New York State Department of Civil Service estimates 5, 000-7, 000
employees of State agencies should participate in the programs contemplated
for the proposed Staff College. They will be useful, itis believed, to, as well,
several hundred executives of local governments. The projected program of
the proposed Staff College obviously could become one of the major activities

of the Graduate School which would require very extensive faculty resources,

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