i
Aiehe
Normal College Echo
Vou. IIL. ALBANY, N. Y., MARCH, 1895. No. 8.
CONTENTS.
‘LiTerary. PAGE. | Eprrortats—continued. PAGE.
Night. A Sonnet -.......- x ‘The Electric Plant. 10
Poetry as a Factor in Education... 1 In the Model Chapel Ir
‘An Ideal of the Sea Shore 3 | Onrrvary. Baa
From Venice to the Alps: Part IT 5 | ea 3
The Fallen Leaf ..... 6
‘The Giant's Causeway: Part IT 7 AL NOTES e
‘An Argument . “ EXCHANGES 13
Torrent Norse. 8 Hicu Scuoot Norss. 13
eit aee Coutsce Notes ..
‘The Greater Normal. g | Epucarionat Norss 14
Idealism vs, Realism. 9 Reviews. ... 15
NIGHT. To-day man views his surroundings from the
A Sonnet.
ie fair is the dawn of the purple morn,
When dew and bud await the sun,
And the spirit, revived through the silent hours,
Is eager once more life’s race to run.
Ah! sweet is the day, the still June day,
When nature to her children speaks
In whispers, telling secrets fond
And loftier aims each true heart seeks.
But sweeter is the hour when night
Bends gently down and soothes each child
With all a mother’s tender ways;
When moon and stars, with heavenly light,
Guide the soul through waste and desert wild
To heights untouched by poet’s lays.
EpNA A. Buss.
POETRY AS A FACTOR IN EDUCATION.
HE character of man is of a composite na-
ture. In youth his susceptibilities are of
the keenest, and, when he arrives at maturity, he
bears the impress and reflects the coloring of
every influence under which he has passed from
his earliest infancy. His true being is created
of God, and in the exact image of the Divine
One, but its temporal growth and development
are in accord with the prevailing educational
principles, and the spirit of the times in which
he lives.
standpoint of utility. The age is materialistic.
In all phases of life and effort mankind is clam-
orous for utility —for visible, tangible utility.
We are swallowed up in schemes for gain, and
engrossed with contrivances for bodily enjoy-
ments, as if this particle of dust were immortal
—as if the soul needed no aliment, and the mind
no raiment.
It has been conceded by the wise of all times
that the true glory of man is his intellectual and
moral life. That the true glory of a nation is
its men and women. It consists, not in the
extent and grandeur of its possessions, but in the
scope of its mental power—the majesty of its
intellect —the height and depth and purity of
its moral nature. It is found not in the world
around us, but in the world within us; not in
the circumstances of fortune, but in the attri-
butes of the soul; not in the corruptible, transi-
tory and perishable forms of matter. True
greatness is the greatness of the mind—the
true glory of a nation is the moral and intellec-
tual preéminence of its people.
It is an acknowledged fact that it is to litera-
ture that we must look for the ideal element
which is needed to counteract the harsh influ-
2 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
ences of materialism, but to which department of
literature? Science classifies; history records;
philosophy investigates; but it is left to poetry
to create and to stimulate the power of imagina-
tion.
If the schools make use of poetry as a factor
in education the tendency will not be to disgust
men with the work which they have to do in the
world, of whatsoever nature that may be. It
does not elevate man alone, but all things ascend
with him, His daily employment, which with-
out it would be a cold and hopeless task, be-
comes blended with and colored by this ideal ;
his commonest recreations are exercises of the
heart and the fancy.
Poetry adapts itself to the capacities of all.
Man’s conception of Deity has ever been influ-
enced by his ideal of perfection. One of the
chief functions of poetry is raising the ideal of
man above the smoke and din of his surround-
ings and placing it in the clear, unobstructed
light that surrounds the throne.
‘A human being without an ideal is like a ship
afloat on a shoreless sea, driven by tempests, and
with no port at which to land its precious cargo.
‘What is it to be a poet,” says Hawthorne,
“but to see what others cannot see and hear
what others cannot hear.” He looks around
upon the wonders of the universe; he penetrates
the recesses of the human heart; and every
good thing speaks to him of a wondrous intelli-
gence and an exhaustless love. Poetry is coéval
with creation, for it is the likeness of God re-
flected in his works.
But we are now confronted with the statement
that these poetical ideals are false because the
facts are not true. But what facts can be truer
than those that are felt and recognized as truths by
the human heart? Are the heroes of poetry less
real to us than are the heroes of history? Are
Lear, Othello or Hamlet any more fictitious
characters than are Alexander, Charlemagne, or
Napoleon? Nay, they are truer because they
are fastened by subtler and stronger ties to the
heart and the imagination.
The study of poetry opens our eyes to the
hidden beauties that are all about us. Weare
surrounded by objects that are beautiful, grand,
wonderful, sublime. Poetry is the talisman that
opens them wide to our view. Until we live
under this magic spell, we are surrounded only
by cold and lifeless forms. As Emerson has
said: “ The orator bred among country scenes
does not lose these lessons in the roar of cities
or the broil of political life. Long after in pub-
lic agitation and terror, in the hour of revolu-
tion, these solemn images reappear in their
morning lustre as fit symbols of the thoughts
which the passing events awaken. At the call
of a noble sentiment, again the woods wave,
the pines murmur, the river rolls and shines, and
the cattle low upon the hills as he saw them in
his youth, With these forms the spell of per-
suasion and the key of power are put in his
hands.”
But it is not only the beauties of nature that
the poet reveals to us, but his interpretation of
the motives of the human heart, and the springs
of action within us. These two things give his
teachings their highest value. ‘The great dra-
matic poets have shown this.
Poetry is an emancipator of men, It takes
them out of self —out of their daily toils and
strifes—out of the rut of self-conceit and big-
otry. It tears off the outer husk and reveals the
germ of humanity within. It expands them, thus
bringing them into closer relations with their
fellow men.
As the sweet
singer of Israel drove away Saul’s evil spirit, so
does the simple beauty of a poem rest the soul
of the weary, charm the ear of the troubled, and
bring peace to those in distress.
Poetry reflects life; it runs as a river through
its own age, and all the currents of thought and
of action fall into it. As the river shapes the
valley, and the valley gives bias to the river, so
the poet is at once moulded by the general cur-
rent of thought and feeling prevalent in each age
—and he himself aids in moulding them. Poetry
stands as a mediator between man’s heart and
mind and the world in which he moves and
exists. If Greece could be imagined without
Homer, Rome without Virgil, Italy without
It also has a consoling power.
EDS eet
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 3
Dante, and England without Shakespeare, not
only would each nation have lost one of its high-
est sources of personal, and, as it were, private
wealth, and the present age with it, but the abso-
lute current of its history could not have fol-
lowed its actual course.
We have now hastily noticed the influence
which poetry exerts in building up the character
not only of a man but of a nation, and the actual
need which is shown for it. Therefore, it now
remains to consider the time, place, and means
of exerting this influence aright,
The periods of childhood and youth are the
formative periods — times of the greatest devel-
opment. It is then that we, as teachers, may
hope to do the most in moulding the character
and directing the current of thought of the more
mature years.
During these periods the child’s life is divided
between the home and theschool. In the former
the mother’s guiding influence is all-sufficient,
and so we shall consider the latter alone as our
field in which to labor.
From the very beginning of school life— from
the first day when timidly the little one enters the
kindergarten, golden opportunities are offered
for introducing this factor for both the pleasure
and profit of the learner. As through the va-
rious grades the pupil advances, assuming more
and heavier duties, so ever at hand with equal
pace appears this chance for using to great ad-
vantage this powerful factor, I cannot feel that
it is making too strong a statement, when I say
that there is no subject embraced in our present
curriculum into which we cannot advantageously
introduce poetry. How much more lasting will
be memory’s picture of the journey in imagina-
tion through the many countries of the world;
the appearance and customs and occupations of
the people, if we can use some gem of poetry
into which the facts have been woven, and thus
awaken and hold the fancy of the child. His-
tory and the sciences furnish an ever open field
into which to introduce this delightful element,
and the wise teacher certainly must fully realize
the great results of slight effort in this direction.
This factor has been widely introduced into
the school work of other countries, and with
great results. Wherever we find that attention
has been bestowed in this direction, there do we
find the most cultivation —the happiest people.
We are now only sowing the seed, while our
trans-Atlantic friends are already enjoying their
harvest. However, we are now living in a time
when a great reform movement is being made
for introducing the best literature into our
schools. The old-time reading-book is fast be-
coming unknown, and the masterpieces of our
literature are put into the hands of the pupils
instead. Let us rejoice that such a movement
is well under way, and let us be proud to per-
form our share of duty in furthering its advance.
We cannot complain of an insufficient amount
of usable material, for even now children’s books
are numerous and replete with just what we*most
need. Our literature is an exhaustless store of
the choicest and best selections that can be used
for all ages. If we fail to find enough material
for our use, the fault is with us. We do not
open wide our eyes to the abundance about us,
and select as much aS we require. It abounds
on all sides. It is ever within our reach. Let
us be alive to this question. Let us put to
proper use this wonderful aid in our work, this
worthy factor in education. J.R Ww.
AN IDYL OF THE SEA SHORE.
By A, TenpERroor.
SPENT last summer by the sea, or in
Mid-ocean, to speak correctly, upon
An isle, that gleams an emerald on the breast
Of hoar old sea, its lord. Hither I came,
A college man, brain sick and secking change.
And thither came to spend the season, she
Who was and since has been my dream.
She had such remarkable eyes,
Such modest, dark lashes above them —
Twin clouds over twin summer skies,
I couldn't resist it, I loved them.
And her voice rippled out with a sound
‘That water o’er ridges of sand makes,
And my heart gave a terrific bound
When she asked me to pass her the pancakes,
4 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
For she sat on the opposite side,
Filling me with wonderful visions,
And filling her plate, well supplied
With the best on the bill of provisions.
And I thought as I gazed on her there,
Should wings blossom out on her shoulders
And bear her away thro’ air,
Astonishing all the beholders,
It wouldn’t be strange, for she looks,
With profusion of hair dark and wavy,
A creation of light — not of cooks
And muffins and trufifes and gravey.
‘And I envied the cream on her lips
And the napkin she wiped it away with,
And longed to be bacon and chips
To be pressed and carressed, loved and played with.
Those beautiful teeth in a mouth
‘That only its pearls half discloses,
Just as the stamens peep out
From the half-opened lips of the roses.
But never a look nor a sigh
Betrayed her my deep lying passion
Whenever I helped her to pie,
Or passed her the dish with the hash in.
‘That never would do, for I wore
An apron before me ; a crater
Could not have divided us more,
For I was only fer waiter.
But I could love her just the same, and so
I wrote a song, “To Lilly,” ’twas her name,
And set it to the music of the waves
That sounded thro’ her window from the sea :
“Oh sea, sea,
Surge, surge and break
Upon the sands and make
Sweet melody
For her ear and woo and win her form! I must silent be
Forever, tho’ I die.
O tell her, sea, and thou hast sympathy with man’s
Distress, say to her when next upon the sands
She sits beside thee, or dost yield her sweet form to thy
clasp
A swimmer fair, that caste
Nor waiters’ jackets are no lets to love,
That heart-tides rise and fall and followed her in me
As thou, O sea
Dost follow thy fair moon above.
© say to her beneath this waiter’s bib a wealth of love
Awaits her, rich as Croesus, pure
As light, and fathomless as thou.
And call attention to my classic brow,
When all else fails, O sea, and say 1 speak
Six languages, some Greek
And Latin know, can woo her
As she wishes, quoting Kant
Or Bacon, Plato
Lucretius, Cato,
Confucius —such heavy fellows, or can chant
Her sonnets from the Provincial or classic sources,
(Which of course is
‘A great accomplishment when, complete with the power
to weave a madrigal at will,)
Can talk or dance the German ; row or run a race, and
show a manly bicep, make a speech
Or teach
Of motion and the law that guides it —
In brief, my light.
In maiden’s sight
Might shine a galaxy, but that this cursed apron hides
it.
That sort of thing ad infinitum; but
I only set a few lines here, enough
To index my condition, that is all.
You see how I’m fixed. Well, when she left
She dropped a quarter in my hand and smiled
And said: ‘Good bye.” That’s all. Forlorn of heart
I walked beside the loud-sounding sea,
As Homer puts it, and with my finger in
The sand I wrote:
A million eddies break upon the beach !
A million lights are flashing in the sun !
Nor forty million suns, nor eddying sea
Can fiash one half the sounds or lights thro’ me
That this big quarter does!
Oh, ’tis the universe !
Within the palm of my right hand it lies
‘And shuts me in as do the bending skies
Alone with her !
Alone, alone with her.
And that sweet smile that flashes from it still,
It’s soundings thrill my heart and fill
It with an ecstacy of joy.
And I will wear it, as a child a toy,
About my neck, and feel her fair
Round arms forever twining there.
IN CHEMISTRY CLASS.
Teacher—If you were told to go to the labora-
tory and make nitrogen, what would you ask
for?
Pupil—I would ask for an excuse.
. =
a
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 5
FROM VENICE TO THE ALPS.
Parr II.
FTER crossing the frontier a very decided dif-
ference is observable in the general appear-
ance of the people and of their dwellings. The
people, although not beautiful, like the Italian
peasants, are well-fed and well-clad, no rags, no
bare feet; every cottage is in good repair; a
general look of prosperity prevails. In two
hours more we reach Cortina. A church with a
handsome campanile, four excellent hotels, a
town hall, a public school, a manufactory and
sales-room for gold and silver filigree (the prin-
cipal industry of the place), a few straggling
houses on either side of the high road for the
space of about half a mile —that is the village
proper. The road on the right is bordered by
lovely fields which ascend abruptly, on the left
by grassy slopes descending to the bed of the
river. There is not an acre of level land,
all sunny hillsides crowned with the white
Dolomite peaks. The river Bovta, which accom-
panied us from Pieve is at this season a mere
mountain torrent, which foams and frets and
roars in a succession of cascades through a deli-
cious ravine. On the sides of the ravine for the
whole length of the village are numerous splendid
shade trees with comfortable seats underneath;
this we dignify with the name of “The Park "—
and @ more charming spot to while away a sum-
mer’s morning could not easily be found. As I
take my seat on a grassy eminence what beauty
surrounds me on every side; all the green slopes
dotted with cottages —real Swiss cottages with
gable fronts, overhanging roofs and encircling
balconies; each cottage half embowered in trees
and surrounded by rich pastures and corn fields.
Beyond the line of cottages is a broad fringe of
pine forest; beyond that again, the bare moun-
tains, their high peaks still covered with snow.
At a little distance from my seat the river is span-
ned by a fairy bridge: close to the bridge, on the
opposite side, a lady is sketching: she does not
know what a pretty picture she makes herself, as
she sits under the shade of a group of dark pines,
in a gown of light blue and a little sailorhat. A
little farther off I see a manly form approaching,
perhaps he seeks the artist. I feel sure she is
young and pretty, Perhaps two heads will soon
be bending over the sketch, and then the work
will go on better.
Again, under another group of friendly trees,
Isee the gleam of a scarlet shawl. On looking
closer I perceive a young lady sitting on the
grass with an open book in her lap, Beside her
sits a youth who distracts her attention from the
“storied page.”
Besides sketching and love-making, the great
business of the place is Alpine climbing, We
have herea young, beautiful widow, from Holland,
who, I am told has made the ascent of every
mountain in the Dolomite region. A young
English girl has performed the same feat. The
place is crowded to its utmost capacity; the
hotels are lodging out their guests in all the cot-
tages. I don’t think there is a room unoccupied
anywhere. The homes of the peasants are very
clean and nearly all of them have rooms fitted
up for summer travelers. The class of tourists
who come here is superior to that one meets in
other places (Cook has not got hold of this part
of the Tyrol yet).
There is one hotel where an interpreter is kept
for English; the proprietress assured us that her
house was always full of “ Duchi, Lordi, Vexori,
Membri di Parlimenti, et Americani.” (Dukes,
Lords, Bishops, Members of Parliament and
Americans.) I don’t think she exaggerated; the
monde here is decidedly good: the Italian no-
bility is well represented —I saw some of the
most distinguished names in history on the hotel
register.
Baron de Rothschild, of Vienna, was here for
the whole season, with his servants, dogs and
horses; he is an indefatigable Alpine climber.
The hotels are remarkably cheap; there is no
competition, the same price in all, three and a
half florins a day for room and board — excel-
lent.
Charming excursions can be made by carriage
or horseback to many points of interest ; it is a
paradise for good walkers, however. The Lake
Miserrina is reached in about four hours; all
the way lies through most romantic scenery, and
6 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
when the lake is reached, the views on every
side are magnificent. Interminable chains of
mountains appear to close the valley, the great
Cristallo towards the west; southwards, Antelae
and Sorapis ; east and south-east, the Drei Zi7
nen. Another interesting walk is to the Belve-
dere, a pavilion and Albergo on the height which
dominates the right bank of the river. The sun-
set, as seen from this point, is grand in the ex-
treme.
‘The lake Ghedina can be reached in about two
hours on foot. It is a beautiful sheet of water
in the depths of a pine forest, difficult to find
without a guide. ‘The air in Cortina is most sa-
lubrious, said by physicians to resemble the air
of Mt. St. Mority. The inhabitants of this fa-
vored region deserve a word. They are most
interesting; all peasants, there is no superior
class. All live in the same picturesque cottages;
all wear the same costume. They live in a state
of primitive virtue. Longfellow’s description of
Evangeline’s village of Grandpré would fit ex-
actly this village of Cortina di Ampeggo. It is
a pretty sight on Sundays and holidays, when
the bell from the Campanile rings for mass, to
see them streaming down all the green hillsides
in their bright costumes. ‘They are a truly re-
ligious people, happy, industrious, contented.
The women and aged men do all the field work;
the young men are off on the distant Alps herd-
ing cattle or acting as guides to tourists, One
day as I sat outside a hotel at the entrance of
the village, I saw an extraordinary sight. A
load of hay—a pretty large load —was coming
towards me along the high road, and I could not
make out what kind of animal was drawing it.
‘As it came more within the range of my vision,
I could see it was a biped; as it came nearer, it
proved to be a young girl. She drew that cart-
load of hay with as much ease as a child would
draw her doll’s carriage. I have seen the same
thing so often since that it has ceased to bea
wonder.
The summer begins here about the middle of
July (then the rose-trees are in bud), and does
not last quite through August. On the twenty-
seventh of the latter month the snow was lying
far down on the slopes almost to the plain,
shrouding in white the meadows even before the
harvest was gathered in; icy winds came shriek-
ing up the valley; fires became a necessity. We
had enjoyed immensely the short Alpine season
and now took our course to the southern slopes
of the Tyrol where, in the beautiful city of
Botgen, summer still reigned.
E, MacAUvtirre.
THE FALLEN LEAF.
ITH a quivering rustle of sadness,
Breaking the silence profound,
‘The wind stirred the brown naked tree-tops,
And the last leaf fell to the ground.
Not glowing in tints of scarlet,
But withered as if with grief;
With none to lament at its falling,
Descended that lone sere leaf.
All around was the garnered harvest,
Ripened fruit and wheaten sheaf;
For the year was slowly dying,
When fell that last brown leaf.
Its mission, forever over,
Unheeded its message brief;
How many a friendship fades and dies,
And falls unseen, like the leaf !
When flattering crowds surround us,
We are wrecked on folly’s reef;
True friendship is severed forever,
And falls like the last dead leaf.
Alone, then, we brave life’s battles,
Till sorrows gather fast ;
When we call on the friendship of former days,
But, 'tis buried, alas ! in the past.
When our truest ties are severed,
Alone we must bear our grief ;
Till down the past’s dim roadway,
Withered hope falls like the leaf.
Jessix E, Stacey.
Certain German schools compel all the pupils,
who attend, to learn, outside of their school
work, certain occupations which will be of use
to them. This is especially noticeable among
the girls. They are taught to cook, sew, crochet,
etc, It works admirably and makes better men
and women of the pupils.
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. vs
THE GIANT'S CAUSEWAY
Parr II.
HE early summer is the best time to make
such a trip, since there is less occasion for
fearing a sudden shower. “However, in Ireland
one can never be sure of a fine day. No matter
how pleasant the morning may appear, with not
a sign of a cloud, yet, in all probability, before
eleven, one will be treated to a few unwelcome
drops of moisture. While the rain may not con-
tinue possibly for more than a few minutes, or
for an hour at the most, you are glad to find
refuge even in the thatched home of the humble
laborer.
You must not be surprised if you find the
ever-present pigs sheltering under the same
roof.
A few miles’ walk from Coleraine, along the
banks of the beautiful river Bann, brings one to
the bold Atlantic,
The Bann, by the way, is noted for the superior
quality, as well as great quantity, of the salmon
taken from its waters.
It is considered quite a large tiver by the Irist
although its length of thirty-five miles, and
breadth of one-quarter of a mile, makes it ap-
pear quite insignificant to us.
‘The shallowness and continued formation of
sand-bars at its mouth renders navigation, except
for quite small steamers, out of the question; and
even then a vessel can only go to Coleraine.
From the mouth of the Bann to the Giant's
Causeway we pass Portrush, a great watering-
place, and Stewartstown, a smaller, yet more rest-
ful, because less bustling one.
We now are near enough to catch occasional
glimpses of the Causeway, as the turning of each
bend brings it into view.
The columnar structure of the trap-rocks is
plainly visible.
We pass by the Causeway hotel, walk down a
steep declivity, and here we are among the fa-
mous basaltic columns.
Of course, guides accost us on every hand,
eager to direct our footsteps, for the small mat-
ter of a shilling.
We first pass a wonderful spring, whose waters,
according to the story of the old woman, can
make the old young and the young younger. A
penny buys a glassful.
Hurrying on, we eagerly seek the wishing-
chair. This is one of the columns, surrounded
by others, several feet above it. On one side is
an opening,.so you can enter and sit down.
Whatever you wish a/ways comes true.
Then the Giant’s organ is yisited. The col-
umns are so arranged as to resemble the pipes of
an organ.
The Giant's face we also see, pictured in stone.
In fact, there is hardly an arrangement of the
rock that does not suggest to the highly imagina-
tive Irish some form in connection with this
wonderful Giant.
They never fail to tell you that he wished to
cross, back and forth, from Ireland to Scotland,
and so placed these rocks here as stepping-
stones. B. J. M.
AN ARGUMENT.
ONG years ago, so we are told,
There crossed the sea a sailor bold
Whose manly form and gallant ways
Had won for him the royal praise.
His quest was gold — those fabled mines
He'd read about in distant climes.
But though he searched, his search was vain.
With broken spirits, troubled brain,
Sir Walter sat him down and wept—
Not long, howe’er, for soon he slept.
And when from ‘‘nature’s balm” he woke,
His griefs had vanished into smoke.
What was it in that strange, wild land,
Not found within the palace grand,
‘That nature's greatest boon could grant? —
It was the sweet tobacco plant,
And now, like him who sailed the sea,
Whate’er it is that troubles me,—
A fickle maid, or some Greek verb,—
A friend I find in thee, sweet herb.
C. A, Woopwarp,
8 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO,
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CuttivaTe Repose of speech and manner,
which is the outcome of stability of thought.
Do not worry over your work; go to work at it.
When you have done your best, lay aside all
thought of study and seek recreation. Read the
evening paper or latest periodical, or take a walk
around the block with a friend.
When the gong sounds, say to yourself, “‘ Be
far from me, O worldly thoughts,” and on enter-
ing the class-room door, bid your vagrant fancies
“Stay here till I come out.” Concentrate your
attention on the work in hand, and take no
furtive peeps into note-books to assure yourself
of the “next period’s” work.
Unite singleness of aim to steadiness of pur-
pose, and you have made one step toward attain-
ing “that repose which marks the caste of Vere
de Vere.”
In the busy round of college duties where
each one is allotted a generous share of labor,
how easily we become selfishly engrossed in our
own pursuits, From thinking too much about
our own affairs, we are prone to think too little
of our neighbor's. It is only when one is re-
moved from our midst that we realize how much
that one was to us, and how much more we
might have been to that one.
But let the lesson not pass unheeded. We
are here temporary exiles from home, toiling
together with a common aim; let us extend the
hand of sympathy to our co-workers, and strive
by kindly deeds to make our daily tasks the
lighter, and instil a little more sweetness into
our daily life.
THE GREATER NORMAL.
QR TEACHERS are fond of the phrase,
“Experience is the Jest teacher,” but in
order to arrive at the superlative degree, the ex-
perience must have been fosttively good to start
with, What shall we say of evil experience?
What results do they bring forth ?
They say that a “wise man learns from ex-
perience, but only fools ave to learn from ex-
perience ;"’ we are fools indeed if we advocate
each individual’s starting in his own way and de-
vising his own methods, instead of profiting by
the advice of those who have been over the
ground before us, who can show us the surest
footing in the beaten track and warn us of the
pitfalls which catch the ignorant and unwary.
If any one doubts the advisibility of taking a
course in methods let him visit any of the schools
in which the teachers are “sufficient unto them-
selves” and despise innovations and modern
ideas. Even the casual observers cannot fail to
|
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 9
be impressed with the difference, not only in the
plan of procedure but in the spirit of the work
between these schools and our model depart-
ments.
IDEALISM VS. REALISM.
APOLEON said, “ The world is ruled through
its imagination,” and Napoleon ought to
know, for at one time he ruled a great part of it.
And now in this Napoleonic era let us con-
sider this statement, with reference to its bear-
ing upon the doctrine of realism, so widely dis-
cussed at the present time.
After a diet of Balzac, Zola, Tolstoi, and even
Mr. Howells and Mr. James, the reading public
turns with a feeling of weariness from their sci-
entific and accurate descriptions of persons and
things, which, if not literally true, are all highly
probable, stifles a yawn and flings the book
aside,
Yet, this is fe, the critics tell us,—“life, just
as we find it.” Ah, perhaps that is the very rea-
son it wearies us!
The common-place and the immoral are
around us on every side, but the one bores and
the other disgusts. Why, then, should we seek
an acquaintance through letter of those whom
we would not bow to?
Zola and the rest of his school aim not to cor-
rect, but merely to photograph life.
“But,” we ask, “what is the value of these
series of snap-shots between which there is no
real connection? Kinetoscopic, their rapid suc-
cession endows them with a sort of galvanic life,
but they make no distinct nor lasting impression;
they are unreal, unsuggestive. There is a lack
of harmony, of unity, of artistic merit in such
writings.
Contrasted with them a work inspired by the
genius of the creative imagination impresses
one like a beautiful painting, in which the past
and the future are suggested by the significance
of the present.
The poet once sang —
“©Q would some power the gift to gic’ us
‘To see ourselves as others see us.”
May that day never come. For what is life
with its toil, its struggles and its petty downfalls
and triumphs, if in themselves they constitute
all?
Take away our fancies and illusions, our ideals
to which we approach much nearer than our
friends would believe, and what is left ?— a cold,
gray, dreary round of commonplaces.
Yet this is what the realists would do,
And what is to be gained by holding up this
side of the picture and saying, “This is life.”
It is life only in the sense in which Franken-
stein was a man; the body is there but the spirit
wanting: it is monstrous.
The realists hope by going into details to pro-
duce an effect of reality. ‘They multiply words
and pile up descriptions, yet in the end fail, be-
cause they discard imagination, the very faculty
by which man is enabled to behold reality.
One novelist in describing his heroine enume-
rates her charms from the “ texture of her hair to
the arch of her slender foot incased in a 5} A.A.
boot,” and even describes “the cut of her gown,
her hypnotic smile, and thin, narrow teeth.”
Strangely enough, we experience difficulty in
conjuring up this Venus.
Compare the effect with that produced by
Homer when he tells us, that on seeing Helen
approach, the old men about the gates of Troy
marveled not that nations should war over such
rare loveliness. .
We feel the surpassing beauty of Helen, and
this without one word of actual description.
By appealing to the imagination he suggests
more in a single line than pages of scientific de-
scription could furnish.
Why is childhood the happiest period of life ?
Because at that time the imagination is most
active. The child stands looking into the shop-
window and all the bright array of glittering ware
is his: he is a millionaire. He goes for a day’s
outing into the country—his mossy stump is a
throne; his willow switch, a sceptre; the crickets
and grasshoppers, fairy elves who do his bid-
ding — he is a king.
Can actual possessions ever afford the happiness
of these visionary splendors? What actuality can
the world ever give which will equal the dream-
riches of early years.
10 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
But contact with the world soon robs us of the
power to idealize, and the details of every-day
life, grim and barren enough at their best, quickly
dispel our rosy visions.
Still, in many respects, we are but grown up
children and nowhere is our childishness more
apparent than in our amusements and recreations.
When the actualities of life weary us and the
mind craves relaxation, the cry, old as the world
rises to our lips, “ Tell us a story!”
And, in the telling thereof, we care little for
description or dialogue, less for plot or scene of
action. What we want is a story of real people
who stand out from the page and walk and talk
before our very eyes, carrying us with them, and
making us forget our interests in their alternate
joys and sorrows.
We like stories which we are anxious to finish,
yet cannot bear to be through with, stories whose
climax we are desirous of knowing, yet in which
we are too absorbed to turn to the last chapter
and learn the outcome.
We give a sigh of mingled regret and satis-
faction when we close the book, but the story is
not finished yet for the characters stay with us
for days and work out an entirely different plot
from that which the author intended, before they
will consent to be dismissed.
We may flatter ourselves that we have out-
grown noyel-reading, that our tastes have ad-
yanced to essays, criticisms and descriptive
writings, but we chance upon a story-book, open
hap-hazard, a word or phrase catches our eye, we
look again and are undone. The imagination is
let loose and we revel in its freedom. We love
the writer who can thus lift us out of ourselves,
and this is why Scott, Dickens and the elder
Dumas come out in new editions, why Conan
Doyle is fast becoming famous, Marion Crawford
is accumulating a fortune and the whole reading
world feels that it has suffered an irretrievable
loss in the death of Robert Louis Stevenson.
M. G. M.
A query.—Doth it pay the busy Normalite to
squander hours of leisure, sit up all night, and
then retire, to sleep at a high pressure ?
THE ELECTRIC PLANT.
te seems not to be very widely known that the
State Normal College possesses a complete
electric-lighting plant. It has had one, however,
for the last two months, a distinction enjoyed by
but few normal schools in the land. It was ob-
tained after a great deal of work, and persuasion
by Prof. Wetmore was brought to bear on the
local directors of the college.
There are a motor and a dynamo, both made
by the Holtzer-Cabot Company. The motor
works with 20 amperes at 220 volts, and has a
speed of 1,600 revolutions per minute. The
current for it is furnished by the city electrical
company.
The dynamo is smaller. It is a constant-cur-
rent machine, and when driven by the motor at
a speed of 2,040 revolutions per minute furnishes
a current of 20 amperes at 50 volts. The cur-
rent thus obtained is used for many scientific ex-
periments, and especially for furnishing a light
for stereopticon projectior Those who have
witnessed the last two exhibitions of the Camera
Club well know the efficiency of it for this pur-
pose.
The two machines are fixed on a long table,
stationed against the wall on one side of the physi-
cal laboratory. Just above this is the switch-
box, which is so arranged that, if desired, the city
alternating current at 220 volts can be sent
through the wires instead of the current from our:
dynamo. he wires leading from the plant are
conveyed to both the rear and side of the science
recitation room and. to the rear of the Normal
Chapel. To the right of the table is the Watt
meter of the city. On the left are the rheostat,
volt meter, ampere meter and the necessary
switches, placed on a heavy slab of slate. Over
these are two 16-candle power incandescent lamps,
and there is still a third over the switch-box.
These lights are so arranged that, as one enters
the laboratory door, he can turn a switch placed
beside it, and the lights at once flash forth, giving
sufficient light to attend to every detail of run-
ning the plant.
Everywhere is shining brass and lacquer and
glittering glass, Everything runs so smoothly
|
baa oR, |
}
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. Ir
and easily that no sound is heard beyond the
laboratory itself. It is needless to say that Prof.
Wetmore is proud of this new and valuable acqui-
sition, and that it is cared for and petted enough
to spoil it if it were susceptible to such things.
F. W. Brown.
IN THE MODEL CHAPEL.
HE morning exercises in this department,
always interesting, are especially so of late,
since the introduction of the “bulletin board,”
by which the principal news items of the day are
discussed. Besides encouraging an intelligent
reading of newspapers and periodicals, this sys-
tem cultivates in the pupils the power of express-
ing thought with ease and readiness, and fosters
a spirit of self-confidence, which is an important
factor of success in life.
ECHOES.
~PRING.
Who wore a green ribbon on the r7th?
‘There is an oppressive silence in the halls between
classes.
The Glee Class are hard at work on the music for
commencement,
Speaking of the Glee Class, who took that dollar?
Why is a shoemaker like a minister? Because he’s
always drawing souls (soles) together.
‘The question that interests many of our number at
present: Will there be a spring vacation ?
On February 27th the exhibit of views of the new
Capitol by Hon. H. D. Cunningham was well attended.
These are the days when the student with neglected
note-books begins to count the weeks before exami-
nations.
While the present weather continues, any person
who sends a “Spring” poem to the Ecro will — will —
well, will wish he hadn't.
The first hand organ has discoursed sweet strains
within hearing distance of the Ecto office, and we are
convinced that spring has come.
The Camera Club gave a most interesting exhibition
on March 14. One hundred and sixty views of the San
Francisco Mid-winter Fair were shown, together with
one hundred views by the Minneapolis Club and the
Franklin Club of Philadelphia. On March 28th an
exhibit of views from the London Club and others will
be given.
OBITUARY.
Se)
IED, ‘at St. Johnsyille, N. Y., March 13, 1895,
Jessie H. Scudder.
She fell asleep to wake again in the presence
of her Master, she so dearly loved. While we
are unable to see why God does so afflict His chil-
dren, may we learn from the life of our departed
friend and classmate to put our trust in Him who
giveth and taketh away this temporal body.
Then shall we be able to say
“O Death, where is thy sting!
O Grave, where is thy victory!”
Flowers from members of the college expressed
our sympathy and sorrow. Dr. H. C. Farrar as-
sisted in conducting the funeral services, which
were held at the Methodist Church of St. Johns-
ville, Saturday, March 16. j.H.
At a meeting of the Class of ’96, March 18, the
following resolutions were adopted:
Wuereas, It has pleased our Heavenly Father to take
from among us our classmate, Jessie H. Scudder; and,
Wuerras, Her death has caused us deep grief, for her
relations with us as fellow-students were most pleasant
and cordial,
Resolved, First, that we, the Class of ’96, do hereby
express and record our sincere feeling of sorrow in the
sudden removal of our classmate and friend.
Resolved, Second, that we hold her cheerful ways, gen-
ial temperament and hopeful, courageous nature in
kindliest remembrance.
Resolved, Third, that we tender our sympathy to her
family in their bereavement, and trust that the Hand
that smites may comfort them.
Resolved, Fourth, that these resolutions be published,
a copy of the same be sent to the family, and be placed
upon the minutes of the class.
Cartes M. Frost.
L. Louise Artuur,
Mary C.N. DEANE.
PERSONALS.
EN. MERRITT, president of the local board of the
Potsdam Normal school, was in chapel March 6.
Mr. William McNeil, of Argyle, on his way to At
lantic City, called on his sister, Miss McNeil, ’95, on
March 5.
Mr. J. W. McDonald, Williams college, ’89, New
York State manager of the publishing firm of Allyn &
Bacon, called at college Feb. 26.
12 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
PERSONALS.
R. ROBERT HOTALING was at chapel March 8.
Mr. E. Woodard has returned to college.
Miss Thomas, ’96, is ill at her home in Saratoga.
Miss Bradshaw, ’96, spent March 2 in West Troy.
Mrs. Gatchell and Miss Gatchell called February 26.
Miss Willard, ’96, spent Sunday, March 10, in Glens
Falls.
Miss Sipley, ’95, has been ill for some days with the
“ grip,”
Miss Husted, '95, attended a wedding in Chatham,
March 15.
Miss Jessie Smith, of Albany, spent the day at the
college, March 14.
Mr. Charles M. Frost spent March 1-3 at Coeymans
with Geo, C, Lang, ’89.
Mr. S. Center was detained at home fora few days
by a sprained ankle.
Dr. Milne attended an Institute at West New Brighton,
Staten Island, March 15.
Miss Katherine Toohey, ’95, spent March 1o at her
home in Schuylerville,
Dr. Milne addressed a meeting of citizens in Utica on
the evening of March 19.
Miss Davidson and Miss Berrigan, of Saratoga, called
at the Eco office, March 12,
Mr. Alfred Birch, of Union College, visited his sister,
Miss Evelyn Birch, March 2.
Miss Hunter, ’96, was absent for several days this
month on account of illness.
Miss Tarr, '96, recently spent three weeks at her
home on account of sickness.
Miss Minnie Waite, ’95, spent March 10 with Miss
Theodora Ehman, ’94, at Chatham.
Miss McClosky and Miss Gorman, from Saratoga
schools, spent February 26 at the college.
Mrs. C. H. Bradshaw, of New York city, visited
Miss Estelle Bradshaw, ’96, on March 4.
Miss Snyder, '96, was obliged to spend two weeks at
her home this month on account of sickness.
Miss Amelia L. Cass, teacher at the Union Classical
Institute, Schenectady, visited the college, March 18.
Mr. Bartholomew Kelly, of Troy, visited his grand-
daughters, Miss Margaret and Anna Morey, March 18.
Prof. White read at Greenbush March 18, and is to
give an evening of readings at Mt. Upton, Chenango
Co., March 22.
Miss Hintermister, a last year’s student, at present
teaching history and modern languages at Chittenango
High School, is visiting Miss Holliday, ’95.
Dr. S. R. Wilcox, of Bennington, Vt., with his
daughters, Miss Julia and Miss Carrie, visited his
niece, Miss Wilcox, ’96, on March 15.
Miss Jennie Lee, who has been absent for the past
ten days on account of illness, called at the Ecno office
March 8. She will return to college at the beginning of
the next quarter.
Miss Bishop and Miss Pierce attended the annual
meeting of the Harvard Teachers’ Association, March 16,
at Harvard University, and spent several days visiting
schools in the vicinity of Boston and Worcester.
ALUMNI NOTES.
"467 )R. DARWIN G. EATON, formerly professor
of natural sciences at the Packer Institute,
Brooklyn, died at his home in that city March
17, 1898. Prof. Eaton was born in Portland,
Chautauqua county, N. Y., 1822, He graduated
from the State Normal School at Albany in
1846, but he continued to teach physiology in
the institution until 1851 when he accepted a pro-
fessorship in the Brooklyn Female Academy,
which later became the Packer Collegiate Insti-
tute. He resigned from that position in 1883,
owing to ill-health. Dr. Eaton received the de-
gree of Master of Arts from Hamilton College
in 1850, and the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
from the same college in 1870. He became a
member of the American Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science in 1870, and in 1874 was
elected a fellow. He took a deep interest in the
study of astronomy, and also gave much time to
the study of volcanoes, His public labors in
these fields gave him high rank among educators
and scientific men.
r
I. Miss Mary D. Driscoll called at the college
March 20.
92, Miss Mary Frances Lukens was married to Mr.
Sherman Wickliffe Belding at her home in Lans-
ingburgh, Feb. 13.
‘93. Mr. George R. Greene visited college on March 19,
‘93. Miss Eliza A, Tuttle, who is teaching at Hoosick
Falls, called on February 23.
’93. Mr. C. A. Woodard, teaching at Fairhaven, Ver-
mont, visited college on February 23 and called
at the Ecxoo office March 20.
‘94. Mr, Wilson R. Failing, of the Lawrence Scientific
School, Cambridge, was at college on March 18.
. Miss Harriet J. Carpenter and Miss Sarah E. For-
syth were among the visitors on March 20.
‘94. Miss Eloise C. Whitney has accepted a position at
the Ypsilanti Normal School.
‘95. Mr. H. P. Orchard is at present engaged in the
office of the Appraiser of Merchandise, Port of
New York.
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 13
EXCHANGE.
T required four years of my early youth
To master my A, B, C;
But now it is worse, for to tell you the truth
It requires four years for A, B,—Zx.
Conundrum: Why is a lady on skates like music?
Because if she does not C sharp, she will B flat,
“Of all sad words of tongue or pen, the saddest are
these: The same lesson again.” —Zz.
Question in Geog. — By what are tides caused?
Answer,—Tides are caused by the reflection of the
moon on the water.—Zx.
“Every evening you can see him,
Carty homea pile of books,
Is this boy extremely studious?
Oh, no ; it’s just for looks.’— Zz.
My son, observe the postage stamp. Its usefulness
depends upon its ability to stick to one thing till it
gets it.
Hereafter the exchanges will be put on one of the
shelves in the Library, where they can be consulted by
anyone desiring so to do.
How it pleases us to have such papers as the ‘ Rep-
resentative,” Argus, Satellite, College Review, and
Normal News on our exchange table. They all are
very well planned and helpful papers.
“Sic semper tyrannis,” shouted the orator. “Six
serpents and a tarantula,” yelled Pat, who could trans-
late the classics without a pony.—Zx.
“Quid est hoc?” asked the instructor of the boy
whom he found chewing tobacco. ‘Hoc est quid,”
answered the boy.
‘TALKING IN THE HALLS.
Of all the occupations
Within the college walls,
To charm the heart there’s nothing like
Talking in the halls.
You meet a little co-ed,
Your mind just then recalls
A bit of news,— you pause awhile,
Talking in the halls.
Upon your ear unheeded
‘The class-bell’s warning falls, .
For lectures can’t compare with this
‘Talking in the halls.
Just outside the class-room
You pause, tho’ duty calls,—
The door flies open,—there you are
Talking in the halls.
Consternation, tableau,
Exit, curtain falls ;
Bless me, but its dangerous
Talking in the halls !—Azon.
Dejected Junior,
Face of woe,
Flunk in Latin,
Big round O!
Jubilant Junior,
Face of glee,
Studies on horseback,
Way up in G!—Zz.
Here’s something very suggestive: Freshman year,
“Comedy of Errors;” sophomore year, “Much Ado
About Nothing ;” junior year, “As You Like It;”
senior year, ‘‘ All’s Well That Ends Well.’”—Zz.
Our exchange table lately added to its list some re-
cent copies of ‘*The Monitor of Public Education,”
which is published at Buenos Ayres, South America.
It contains many useful and instructive articles.
HIGH SCHOOL NOTES.
ISS MAY HILTON visited this department March
13th.
Mr. Cole is absent on account of illness.
Miss Emma Archer visited the school March 15.
Miss Hungerford has been absent on account of ill-
ness.
The friends of John Cooley are grieved to learn of
the death of his father.
Miss Blanche Murphy's absence of several days was
due to her mother’s illness.
Miss Nettie Breakenridge was absent March rq and
1§ on account of “Ia grippe.”
Several of the High School people tried the teachers’
examination, which was held in Greenbush, March 7
and 8.
Miss Eleanor Nichols, Vice-President of the class of
"95, has the sympathy of her many friends on account
of the death of her mother.
‘The following members of the Adelphoi Society were
made officers at the last election:
President, .
Vice-President ..
Secretary...
Treasurer.
.H. Moak.
J. Fay Putnam,
C. Vandenburgh.
R. A. Garrison.
Miss Dangerfield, of New York city, a Cornell gradu-
ate, has just passed the required examinations success-
fully and been admitted to the bar,
14 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
COLLEGE NOTES — (Ex).
LACROSSE squad has been formed at Harvard,
Beloit College has adopted the system of co-education.
Vanderbilt recently donated $350,000 to Columbia
College.
The University of Pennsylvania is to have a new
atheletic field.
Seventy new members have been added to the faculty
of Brown University.
Professor Dana, the celebrated geologist, has resigned
from the Yale faculty.
The new Japanese minister to this country is an
American College graduate.
Efforts are being made to form a Civil Service Reform
and Antispoils League at Princeton.
Chicago University was presented with $175,000 as a
New Years’ gift by J. D. Rockefeller.
For the first time in 20 years, a week's holiday vaca-
tion was granted at the University of Virginia.
Williams College gets $20,000 from Hon. Horace F,
Clark. This is to be used to aid worthy students,
Chicago University is the only large educational insti-
tution in the United States that has no College colors.
The Vassar girls debated this question: ‘Resolved,
that the higher education unfits man for matrimony.”
Holmes College for colored girls, which was situated
at Jackson, Miss., was entirely destroyed by fire
recently,
The faculty of Andover has voted to abolish the Vale-
dictory and Salutatory addresses at their commencement
exercises,
Four million dollars to the new American University
at Washington, besides a site given by the city equal to
$500,000.
‘The Army and Navy departments have issued orders
prohibiting the play of foot ball either at West Point or
Annapolis.
The University of Pennsylvania now offers a two
years’ course in newspaper practice to Freshman and
Sophomores.
Oliver Wendell Holmes was a member of the class of
’e9 at Harvard. Since his death only five members
survive of this class.
Cornell offers more fellowships than any other col-
lege, except Columbia, Two are worth $600 each, and
twenty others $500 each.
Elmira College was opened in 1855; Vassar in ’65;
Smith and Wellesley in ’75; and Byrn Maur in ’85,
What college may be expected to join the list of 5’s
during this year ?
The Columbia College have received the plans and
specifications for a new library building. It will be
Pantheon style and valued at $750,000. There will be a
grand entrance 325 feet wide and a dome 300 feet in
height,
EDUCATIONAL NOTES.
RISTOTLE affirms that the true nature for riches con-
sists in the contented use and employment of the
things we have, rather than in the possession of them.
Its object is to promote a professional spirit among
students and graduates.
The University of Michigan boasts of a society com-
posed entirely of Japanese.
The prize is to be presented immediately after Com-
mencement exercises, next June.
Amherst was awarded the diploma for the best Col-
lege exhibit at the World’s Fair.
One-sixteenth of the College students of the United
States are studying for the ministry.
Eleven of Harvard's prominent athletes were among
those who received honors at commencement.
Twenty-eight foreign countries and every American
State and territory except three, are represented in the
University of Pennsylvania.
The richest educational institution in the world is the
Leland Stanford, Jr., University; endowment $20,000,000.
It has a campus of 8,000 acres.
Dartmouth College has graduated forty College presi-
dents, two hundred professors, sixty members of Con-
gress, and twenty-four governors.
Harvard has again beaten Yale in debate. Itis about
time Yale does something, or else throw up the bucket.
Harvard’s supremacy seems to have been established.
In the early days of Yale College and until 1776, the
names of the graduates were arranged, not alphabeti-
cally, but in order of the social rank of the family to
which they belonged.
T. S. Clarkson, of Potsdam, N. Y., has donated $100
to the Potsdam Normal school, to be given to the one
of the present graduates who writes the best thesis on
pedagogics. The work must be type-written and must
be handed in under a fictitious name. This is to avoid
partiality on the part of the examiners.
On the evening of March 8, 1895, the Inter-Collegiate
Oratorical League of New York State held its second
annual contest at Schenectady. Mr. Simpson, Roch-
ester ’95, Mr. Cooney, Syracuse ’93, and Mr. Potter,
Union ’95, represented their respective Universities in
the contest. Mr. M. E. Driscoll, of Syracuse, Prof.
White, of the State Normal College, and Prof. Robinson,
of the Albany High School acted as judges. The con-
test was thoroughly interesting and enjoyable, the ora-
torical ability of the speakers as well as the literary
excellence of their orations provoking most favorable
comment. The prize, a gold key, was awarded to Mr.
Potter, greatly to the satisfaction of an enthusiastic
audience. This victory adds another honor to Old
Union's brilliant record, and the wearers of the garnet
feel justly proud of it. We extend congratulations to
the College of our sister city.
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 15
REVIEWS.
Messrs. Silver, Burdett & Co., 110-112 Boylston St.,
Boston, Mass.
Announce that they have now in press ‘ Foundation Studies in
Literature, by Mrs, Margaret S. Mooney, of the State Normal Col-
lege, Albany.
‘Graduates and students will be interested in this book which has
been prepared for the use of students before they are required to
study the history of English Literature.
‘The name indicates the scope of the work, but it does not give an
idea of matter. :
Every subject treated in it, however, will be found of permanent
literary value,
J. W. Mac Donald’s Primary Algebra:
Contains what is supposed to cover one of our grammar school
year’s work, The book is meant to be used in the grammar school,
as it is evident from the title which the author has given the book.
‘The book is published in two parts, the one part especially a
guide to the teacher and the other part for the use of the students.
‘The former contains explanations and definitions, etc., which are
to be brought in by the teacher only as circumstances require it.
‘The latter part furnishes examples for class drill and for the work
of the students at home
‘This arrangement enables the teacher to arouse the interest of the
pupils, stimulate inquiry, and develop the principles in logical
order.’ Allen and Bacon, Publishers, 172 Tremont st., Boston.
The book entitled ‘‘ State Education for the People,”
published by C. W. Bardeen, Syracuse, N. Y., deserves
the careful consideration of every one interested in
educational matters.
‘The book contains articles on ancient and modern civilization and
education, taking up the different state and national systems of dif-
ferent countries and colonies.
Tt also compares the systems of the United States with other
countries.
Clippings from this book, at least, would be valuable to all as
teachers, and it would be advisable Yor every teacher to add this
book to their collection.
Ttis as accurate a description and treatment as it is possible to
ig of this subject at the present time
“The book deals with the subject on a broad and impartial point of
view.
“«How to Teach Natural Sciences in Public Schools :”
Is a book published by C. W. Bardeen, Syracuse, N. ¥., but
written by Wm. arris, It takes up the scope and method of
teaching the natural sciences, The value of the study is carefully
cussed and very favorable conclusions are reached. ‘The order
and course of instruction is given in the natural order and would
meet with good results,
The North American Review for March, ’95.
Contains the much discussed question “Is an Extra Session
Needed?” It is written by Representatives Tracey, of New York;
Storer, of Ohio; Patterson, of Tennessee, and Cousins of Iowa.
Following this article are several articles of an interesting char-
re by Senator Gush-
Taxation," by the
acter: ‘Bo Yeats of Democratic Diplomacy.”
man K. Davis; “A New Departure in Engisl
“Nagging Women” is the next article which claims our atten-
tion, It is written asa reply to Dr. Edson’s former article on the
same subject by Lady Henry Somerset, Harriet P. Spofford and
Marion Harland.
ust
We Have the Cat-o’ A Frederick Villers, “The
‘Truth About Port Arthur ;” Frank Podmore, " What, Physical
Research Has Accomplished,” and Hon. R. P’ Bland, “The Fu-
ture of Silver.”*
‘The third article on * The Personal History of the Second Em-
pire’” is discussed by Albert D. Vandam, the author of An Eng-
ishman in Paris.”
Following this article are the notes and comments: “ How to
Prevent Strikes and Lockouts,” by Stockton Bates; * The Politi-
cal Importance of Hawaii,” by Lieut. John A. Harman; ‘The
Danger of the Federal Judiciary,” by Henry Wollman; “ Past
Extra Sessions,” by Charles M. Harvey; Banks for the People,”
wv Lee J. Vance.
In the music class.
Professor —Where is the minor found ?
Student — Underground.
NORMAL GRADUATES WANTED!
‘We Have More Calls for Normal Graduates than we
can Supply.
Now is the time to be registered in a bureau that deals
directly with school officers and fills vacancies. Send
stamp for registration blank.
EDUCATIONAL GAZETTE Co.
Rocuesrer, N. Y.
Eyres *« « «
ROSES, LILLIES AND VIOLETS
FOR EASTER,
Call and see them.
Telephone 208.
FRED. EBEL,
VO eT © Fe
$[oreign and Pomestic \Voolens.
242 Washington Ave., ALBANY, N. ¥.
Il NORTH PEARL S'
TELEPHONE 510,
Price of Visiting Cards.
Engraving Plate and Printing so Cards, - - -
neta gocts.
Printing 50 Cards from Plate,
50 ets,
“ MANNING,”
~Art Engraver and Stationer,
82 North Peart STREET,
ALBANY, N. Ye
WASHINGTON PARK DRUG STORE.
Proprietor, C. M. SEGER, Ph. G.
Druggist and Pharmacist,
Madison Ave., Cor. Willett St. ALBANY, N. Y
Prescriptions receive careful attention,
Telephone Number 1062.
Kindly mention this paper.
HESeY HAHN,
Ladies’ and Gents’
BOOTS AND SHOES.
yo Washington Avenue, ALBANY, N. Y.
Special inducements to students.
16 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
The women count a lot on well-dressed fellows—and why not?
Twenty-three dollars.
That’s what it will cost you to have us cut up some of our Hop-sacking
suiting — that’s the new goods for spring—into the swellest suit you ever
wore.
This goods is the long wear kind — our work won’t be anything less
than the best tailoring. Larger quarters, larger stock, practically a new
custom department.
HEAD AND FOOT, | \
Man, Woman and Child Z
St & 53 North Pearl Street, i
5 |
ALBANY, N. Y.
Bu oe Albany Teachers’ Agency
“Pearl” Confectionery, Secures Good Positions for
Good Teachers with Good Records.
We have had many calls for teachers during
the past year, whei we had no satisfactory
ICE CREAM candidate, and could not fill the place. For
this reason we urge wide-awake and pro-
mm, \ND CANDIES gressive teachers to register at once and give
us an opportunity to help them.
Supplied in any quantities and at Popular Prices. Send stamps for circular and Application
Form.
“WARRANTED STRICTLY PURE.” Se
HARLAN P. FRENCH, Manager,
No. 22 South Pearl Street, ALBANY, N. Y. Ai Aigte St Atma,
THE NORMAL COLLEGE STUDENTS
‘Wear the B. & M. Hats, because they are the best. Young Men’s Hats a specialty. Try one
of our $3.00 Derbys, none better. Men’s Mackintosh Coats, all wool, at $8.00. A Box Coat,
velvet collar, $9.00. Agents for Dent’s and Adler’s Kid Gloves. Special discount to students,
A call requested.
BOYCE & MILWAIN, The Young Men’s Hatters, : = . 66 and 68 State St,
JOHN T. JOHNSON,
Tailor and Importer,
85 Maiden Lane, ALBANY, N. Y.
Se ve Millinery Bazaar,
37 NorTH PEARL StREEv, ALBANY, N. Y.
KEELER’S
HOTEL AND RESTAURANT,
26 and 28 Maiden Lane, Albany, N. Y.
EUROPEAN PLAN.
ee
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