Wshie
Normal College Echo
Vor. III. ALBANY, N. Y., DECEMBER, 1894. No. 5.
CONTENTS.
Lirerary, PAGE. | Soctury Notes. PAGE.
‘The Passing -.. Se: ‘The Agassiz"Association. 7
Two Chapters in the Early History of the State Normal The Quicksilver - 7
College, 11. - 1 | A Ptrasinc Recocnrriow. 6
A Christmas Lay. - 3 | Tum Historica: Paceanr. 7
“0 the Mistletoe Bough.” - 3 | Onrruary. Bsa
Ted's Soliloquy. 4 | Ecuors a
Christmas Bell 4| Parsonats a
‘The English Alphabet — Its Origin and Development. 4| Acoma: Nores peg
Direct or Indirect, That is the question. 6 | Bpucamsonan Nores a
‘The Holidays... 6 | Amon our Exciances xa
‘The Sense of Sight. 7 | Amone THe Cottzces m2
An Extract to | HGH Scuoot Nore: 3
Epirortat Notes. 8 | Macazines ..
Eprroriats. Literary Noes. 14
Christ: 8 | New Puszications. Es
College 8
The Report on the Chicago Strike 9
THE PASSING.
"pee New Year comes with hastening feet ;
His face is young and fair and sweet ;
And he with smiles would seem to greet
All mortals merrily.
Old year, we sadly turn from you ;
We know you better than the new,
Yet we will try to say adieu,
Hopefully, cheerily.
You brought us care and toil and pain,
Fair skies and sunshine, clouds and rain,
Success and failure, loss and gain,
In varied measure.
But as we look upon the past,
Its cares seem light, its clouds less vast 5
We sigh for hours, that could not last, —
Of by-gone pleasure.
We crave this blessing ere you go j—
Oh time, may not your wheels move slow,
To cast o’er us a radiant glow
Of future destiny !
Give us the faith we sorely need.
Let braver heart and kindlier deed
In coming days, the old succeed ;
And greater purity.
‘Then may you pass with less regret.
And though we never may forget
‘The days whose memories sadden yet,
‘They were so dreary $
In these new days of earnest thought,
We'll know the lessons you have taught.
New Year, howe’er with burdens fraught,
We'll not grow weary.
M. L. W. ’94-
TWO CHAPTERS IN THE EARLY HISTORY
OF THE STATE NORMAL COLLEGE.
iM,
F the seven eminent men occupying seats
upon the platform on that December morn-
ing of half a century ago, five have been hereto-
fore mentioned as forming the original executive
committee of the Normal School. We hazard
nothing in declaring that a more wise, able or
unselfish body of gentlemen could scarcely have
been selected to become sponsers for the “ doubt-
ful experiment,” as the new institution was then
almost universally regarded. The two remaining
gentlemen were equally distinguished in their re-
spective spheres of duty, and were the sole rep-
resentatives of what was to become the future
faculty at that simple cermonial.
David Perkins Page had come from the State
of Massachusetts. After a preliminary corres-
pondence with Horace Mann and other promi-
nent educators, he had been selected without
hesitation by Dr. Potter, on:a personal interview
of scarcely half an hour, as the principal of the
school, and the choice was promptly ratified by
the executive committee. His personal appear-
ance and characteristics are too well known to
require any elaborate notice here. He is grate-
fully and affectionately remembered by thousands
who knew but to love, and named but to praise
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
him, while his likeness is engraved on the hearts
of thousands more who never beheld aught but
his “counterfeit presentment,” or who have read
his earnest words of counsel and encouragement
in the only volume that issued from his inspired
pen. He was aman whose dignity, comeliness
and grace of person were so impressive as to
compel confidence and affection at first sight.
He was indeed the ideal type of a noble man
and perfect teacher.
His associate instructor, George R. Perkins,
had eamed a high reputation as a mathematician
and teacher capable of inspiring his pupils with
a love for that exact science by his original
methods of presentation and discussion that were
in marked contrast with the mechanical teaching
so prevalent in the schools of the period. In
some respects Mr. Perkins was a genius, devel-
oping many new and taking ideas as to matter
and method in the treatment of his favorite sub-
jects. His teaching was the introduction of the
scientific method into the work of the class-room.
The publication about that time of his Higher
Arithmetic and Algebra added much to his
prestige, and gave a strong impetus to the much
needed reform in this class of studies.
At the conclusion of Col. Young’s address,
the State officials and the few outsiders present
retired from the room. The subsequent pro-
ceedings were of the most simple and uncere-
monious character, There was no further speech-
making. The organization of the school was at
once begun by the formal registration of the
pupils from the counties represented, and by
securing their signature to the required pledge
to teach in the schools of the State. Careful at-
tention was bestowed upon the location of the
strangers in suitable homes during their residence
in the city. They were made to feel that with
Mr. Page as their guardian they were not to be
under the care of a teacher content with the
mere discharge of perfunctory school duties, but
were rather to be cheered, comforted and sup-
ported by one who felt a sincere paternal and
personal interest in their welfare. His ideas
and methods were eminently practical, His
course on this occasion was evidently intended
to impress upon all the necessity of an orderly
organization of a school as a preliminary to
effective work. He began from the first to teach
by example.
‘These necessary formalities having been com-
pleted, reading-books were brought forward, a
division was made into two sections, and the
first drill in reading and arithmetic ever held in
the Normal School at Albany was conducted by
Messrs. Page and Perkins, respectively. In each
of these preliminary exercises the students had a
foretaste of the quality of the training they were
to receive, and of the master minds who were to
direct their future course. Those first lessons
were revelations and served at once the dual
purpose of testing to some extent the mettle both
of instructors and students. ‘They inspired con-
fidence in the former, and proved to be a step
preparatory to a permanent classification of the
latter.
In this way affairs moved along for several
weeks, the work being confined exclusively to
the elementary branches. The exercises were
in the nature of reviews and were also conducted
as to test the habits of accuracy and the thorough-
ness of the students, and exemplify the best
methods then known of learning and teaching the
subjects under consideration. But this sort of
thing seemed to many of them like child’s play,
and they became restive under it. They had
advanced far beyond the “common branches”
in the acadamies and union schools before com-
ing here, and they did not relish the notion of
going back and ‘dwelling long among the ele-
ments.” However, their teachers soon convi
ced them by their searching questions and criti-
cisms that they had much to learn, even in the
despised elements, and this fact, supperadded to
the tact and versatility of Mr, Page in manage-
ment, soon dissipated the feeling and the discon-
tent subsided, He soon satisfied the complain-
ants that they were to learn Aow as well as what
to teach. For this reason, the influence of ex-
ample must be invoked and the power of “ pre-
cept upon precept” applied to impress upon
them the best plans of professional practice.
His familiar and practical lectures covered almost
every phase of school work, embracing organiza
tion, government and methods of teaching; the
spirit of the teacher; his personal habits; his
moral and literary qualifications ; his professional
preparation and kindred topics. These lectures
were something unique, suggestive and helpful,
and were received with profound attention, doing
much toward dissipating the feeling of uneasiness
that had arisen.
In the meantime there was a constant accession
of numbers, increasing the representation from
the more distant parts of the State and adding to
the interest in the new movement, The instruc-
tors were feeling their way, as they expressed it.
The classification of the somewhat heterogeneous
materials was being gradually improved and
some of the coveted higher branches were intro-
duced. These changes combined with growing
enthusiasm inspired by the teachers effectually
allayed the discontent, an esprit du corps began
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. ’ 3
to manifest itself, the school was soon in full tide
of prosperity and its fame spread abroad to the
remotest borders of the State. Mr. Page began
to make his magnetic influence felt through his
presence at teachers’ institutes and conventions,
and wheresoever he appeared he was received
with enthusiasm,
Asaresult of these beneficent measures, the
school continued to increase in numbers and
strength, The second term had been opened
with an attendance of about 200, a number many
times greater than had previously been brought
together in any school of the kind in America —
greater than the aggregate in the three schools
of Massachusetts, which had been in operation
for several years, Father Pierce, as he was
familiarly called, began his work at West Newton
with only three pupils, and for some time he was
principal, assistant and janitor. The State of
New York, however, after having deliberately
determined to test the value of Normal trained
teachers, experimentally at first, resolved, with
characteristic liberality, to undertake it upon a
more comprehensive scale than had been pre-
viously attempted on this side of the Atlantic,
The legislature of 1844 appropriated the sum of
$10,000, to be expended annually for five years.
A large building was fitted up and provision was
made for this experiment in a manner worthy of
the resources of the State, which was committed,
by years of effort and expenditure, to the doctrine
that teachers must be specially trained for their
important duties. Teachers’ classes in the acade-
mies subsidized by the State had been tried,
weighed in the balance and had been found want-
ing. The Normal School was the logical sequence
of these unsatisfactory trials.
It is not within the limits prescribed for these
brief reminiscences to give anything like even an
outline-of the history of the institution to the pres-
ent time. ‘The air has been rather to gather up
a few of the earlier incidents with reference to
some of the prominent personages who were
identified with its earlier struggles, and who laid
the foundations of the marvelous success which
it has achieved in the past eventful half of a
century. What these worthy pioneers accom-
plished, made what we now behold possible.
The school, by a process of growth and evolu-
tion, has become a college, and the first of its
kind in America. The inspiration of its example
has brought into existence nearly half a score of
others in the State all of the first class, and clearly
entitling the Empire State to the leadership in
the great work of the professional training of
teachers, which is the foundation of a rational
system of public instruction. The significant
fact in the establishment of the school and its
successor, the college, was the comprehensiveness
of its equipment and the plan and scope of its
work. Since 1844, there have been few, if any,
of the smaller type of Normal Schools like the
pioneer institutions of Massachusetts established.
Other States, in rapid succession, followed the
example of New York by inaugurating training
schools of the larger and broader type. The
good work has thus moved bravely on. The
prejudice and opposition that greeted the pioneers
have utterly vanished. The Normal Schools
have literally conquered a peace. They are
doubtless destined to reach a more extensive de-
velopment in our own than in any other country
in the world, since it is really the chief business
of this free government to educate the whole peo-
ple. To this end, the great body of its teach-
ers must be specially trained for their high
vocation.
Witiiam F. Puevrs,’45.
A CHRISTMAS LAY.
HE joyful days we love are near,
And all creation wears a smile;
The lovely snow in beauty rare ‘
Has come to gladden us awhile.
“ Awake ! and let all hearts rejoice,”
All glorious nature seems to say,
For ere this month shall reach its close,
“Twill bring to you a joyful day.
“« But when will this day dawn?” you ask,
““And if it be so joyful, wAy ?”
Ah, surely ’tis the twenty-fifth
Of this drear month with leaden sky.
The merry chimes ring loud and clear,
And tell the good news o’er again,
And echo sends it far and near—
“Peace upon earth, good-will to men.”
And then from out the hearts of all,
Should rise a carol loud and gay,
To praise the joyful long ago,
When Christ was born on Christmas day.
And may the Christ child’s love for us,
So sweetly tender pure and true,
Enter our hearts this happy day,
‘And there abide the whole year through.
Serra Eckert.
“O THE MISTLETOE BOUGH.”
A bashful and modest young Mr.
Went to call on another chap’s Sr.
But a mistletoe bough
Hung above them, and now
They say that he blushingly Kr.
G
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
TED’S SOLILOQUY.
pees a feller dey call Sandy Claws.
What comes aroun’ at night.
An’ peeks way down der chimbley hole
When our eyes is shut up tight,
An’ we're snorin’ an’ a dreamin’
O’ the nex? day's sport an’ fun,
Or mebbe havin’ ‘htmares
"Bout the work we'd orter done.
He's fat an’ short an’ jolly,
So my daddy used ter say ;
But daddy now, he's dead an’ gone,
An’ other folks, some way,
Never seem ter think a feller
Has a right to laugh an’ grin
An’ have a Christmus racket
Or ter watch the New Year in.
But daddy used ter tell me,
‘When he'd come ter me at night,
T’ hear me say my little prayer
An’ tuck me in so tight,
Dat my ma was up in heaven
‘An’ could hear me say my prayer,
An’ she'd send Sandy Claws ter me,
‘When Christmus day drawed near,
Der fellers say I’m lyin,
An’ dat Sandy is a bluff;
But den dey’re all got pas an’ mas
Ter giv 'em toys an’ stuff.
Buta chap what's by his lonesome,
An’ aint got no ma nor home,
Kinder looks, when Christmus day hoves near,
Fur Sandy Claws ter come.
Mary G. MANAHAN,
CHRISTMAS BELLS.
ING out, glad bells, your blithest lays
In honor of our Saviour’s name,
Join heart and voice with loud acclaim.
To flood the land with grateful praise.
The music thou dost richly pour,
In silvery cadence far and near,
Like angels’ singing, charms the ear,
And all who listen must adore.
This glory shining from afar,
Through hecatombs of buried years,
Yet fairer now its light appears
To point the soul, a guiding star.
Let all to-day his praises sing,
Proclaim his never dying love,
Bring praise to him who rules above,
To Jesus Christ the heavenly king!
Chime on, ye tuneful bells, chime on!
Proclaim ‘to all His love divine,
Bow, nations, bow before his shrine
In praise to Christ, the Glorious One.
G. C, STREETER.
THE ENGLISH ALPHABET —ITS ORIGIN
AND DEVELOPMENT.
‘Blessed be Cadmus or whoever it was that invented
letters.” —CARLYLE.
| ' is impossible within the limits of this article
to describe in full the development of each
letter; indeed this could be clearly shown only
by a table showing the forms each letter has had
during the whole process of its evolution. The
facts here presented are gleaned from numerous
and yaried sources, principally tables of all the
alphabets ever used, from grammars and lexicons
of the ancient languages, from philological mon-
ograms and essays and such works as Dr. Tay-
lor’s, “The Alphabet, Its Origin and the History
of its Development.”
The alphabet is not an invention, but the pro-
duct of an evolution lasting through many thou-
sand years. Its earliest form is shown in the
attempts of prehistoric races to represent events
by rude pictures of the actual event, these pic-
ture writings are even now used by some of the
most barbarous races. The oldest authentic
picture writings are those found in the valley of
the Nile, so we may call Egypt the cradle of the
Alphabet.
These pictures were also used to represent
abstract ideas, as for example if we wished now
to picture the idea of the verb “ read ” we would
draw a reed (plant) and perhaps attach to it a
From
such uses of these pictures they gradually came
to represent, not particular objects or events,
but concepts and abstract ideas.
The term Ideographs (Idea writings) applied
to them, conveys perhaps the clearest idea of
their use. The modern “Rebus” is a perfect
example of Ideographic writings.
picture of a book to avoid ambiguity.
Sometimes then as now these writings were
rather ludicrous. The ancient Egyptian name
for lapis lazuli was“ khesteb,” the parts of which
mean “*
name of this stone then by a. picture of a man
stopping a pig by holding its tail.
‘As the growth of ideas increased Ideographa
became too cumbersome and vague.
tures were used to represent
stop” and “pig ;” they represented the
These pic-
gllabie
certain
THE NORMAL COLLEGE Niet) 5
sounds, representing that syllable which was
most prominent in the name of the object, or
sometimes the sound made by the object pic-
tured. It thus happened that there were often
several characters to represent the same sound.
haracters constitute the hiero-
glyphs, the earliest true alphabet. ‘The process
of carving the pictures upon stone, or painting
them on wood, was certainly laborious and prac-
ticable only when there was plenty of time and
little to say; but when men wished to write more
than meagre records of historical events, charac-
ters better suited to rapid writing were necessary.
In making this change, the Egyptian priests tried
to preserve in some degree the outlines of the
pictures originally used. Our letter M is only
the ears of the owl, which represented this sound
in the hieroglyphs, These new forms are known
as hieretics, and in many instances have a faint
resemblance to our modern characters.
The scene of the alphabet now changes to
Palestine, where the Hittites, a Hebrew tribe
which carried on a great deal of trade with Egypt,
adapted the hieretics to the sounds of their own
language; but, unfortunately, only a few speci-
mens of Hittite writings have been found.
From these people, their neighbors, the Phoe-
nicians, who are generally credited with the
invention of the alphabet, borrowed the alpha-
bet, but condensed the two hundred syllabic
sounds of the hieretics into the sixteen simple,
which made up their own language. So far,
none of these alphabets have had vowels, merely
giving some consonants a smoother and softer
breathing than others. The Egyptians wrote in
yertical columns from right to left, in the manner
of the Chinese. The Phoenicians did not write
in columns, but did write from right to left.
Remembering this fact, and examining the Pho-
nician alphabet, which can be found in almost
any encyclopedia, the resemblance to our own
letters is rather striking, The original sixteen
letters were A, B, G, E (Sieg) v J, E (long),
H, 1, K, L, M,N, X, 0, P, 0, R,
The Greeks adopted the same Sateen that
the Phcenicians used, but changed V to U,
dropped Q, and added characters to represent
the sounds Ph, Ps, Ch, and long O. They at
first used the method of writing from right to
left; then they wrote alternately from right to
left and left to right, and finally wrote wholly
from left to right. The resemblance of the
Greek alphabet to ours is very apparent, as may
be seen in any Greek grammar.
The Romans copied the alphabet of the Phee-
nicians, but also borrowed from the Greeks, and
had at first nearly the same characters as the
latter. As the Latin alphabet is nearly the
same as the English, we shall study the two to-
gether. In early Latin, C and G were used
interchangeably; but when the distinction be-
tween the sounds represented by these characters
became marked, C was given the third place in
the alphabet and G the seventh place, the Romans
having dropped Z at first. The long E became
the Latin H, losing its vowel sound entirel
in Latin, receives a dot for the sake of legibility.
As it was frequently used as a consonant, J was
introduced at a later period to represent this
consonant sound. ‘The letter U had also a con-
sonantal use, which, at a late period, was repre-
sented by V, but we find, even as late as Eliza-
bethan English, U and V were used not to
represent different sounds, but merely different
positions, as “Vp to heaven” for “Up to
heaven.”
It was not until a modern date that V received
its present sound. The Teutons had a sound
which nearly approximated uu or vv hence called
W by the Romans, and written as two U’s or V’s
interlaced. When U was written at the end of
a word it received a flourish and became Y. In
early English it was pronounced like French u,
as the French pronunciation died out the sound
degenerated to 00 ee and finally to wi. Z which
the Romans dropped at first was again taken up
and placed at the end of the alphabet. F was
derived from v or w in the same way that a Celt
pronounces what, phat. a
The names of the letters can not be traced
quite so far back as the characters, for the original
names have been completely ignored and lost.
The Egyptian A was called ahom, eagle, the
Pheenician was aleph, an ox head. We have a
modern instance of such changes in the case of
the Russian alphabet, which was adopted bodily
from the Greek a few hundred years ago. Here
the second letter of the alphabet is not Beta,
house, but buki, a beech. If we remember our own
alphabetic jingles as O is for orange, S is for
swan, B is for butterfly, etc,, and imagine the
little Pheenicians learning their alphabet by some
such jingles, we can see how a change in name
might occur.
The Romans and English have taken as names
for the letters the first syllable of the Greek
names, changing fau, mu, nu, la, into ef, em, en,
el, because it is easier to pronounce them in that
form, The names of the letters had a meaning
in Hebrew and Pheenician, but lost all meaning
when adopted by the Greeks. Here are appended
the Hebrew and Phcenician names of the letters
with their meaning and also the Greek names for
6 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
the same letters. _ Hebrew and Phcenician —
Aleph, an ox head; Beth, a house; Gimel, acamel;
Daleth, a dow; He, a lattice; Van, a peg: Zain, a
mapon; Cheth, a field; Teth, a serpent; Yod, a
hand; Kaph, palm of hand; Larned, an ox-goad;
Mem, water; Nun, a fish; Samekh, a trellis; Ain,
an eye; Pe, mouth; Tsadi a reapinghook; Quoph,
a head; Phesh, a head in profile; Shin, a tooth;
Tan, a mark (such as is used by illiterate persons
in signing their names).
Greek. — Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, E
(psilon), Vau, Zeta, Eta, Theta, Qota, Kappa,
Lamda, Mu, Nu, Xi, O (micron), Pi, Rho, Sigma,
Tau.
If it is remembered that these changes spoken
of have been going on for perhaps more than
twenty thousand years and have been effected in
many different lands and tongues, the only won-
der is that the chain of development is still so
apparent, especially when we compare the Eng-
lish of 1894 with that of r794, and that with the
English of Chaucer or Gower. Throughout it
all it must especially be remembered that only
very great changes have been noticed, while in
reality they have occured as gradually as the
stone is worn away by the trickling water.
F. W. Brown.
DIRECT OR INDIRECT, THAT IS THE
QUESTION.
UERY: Should the Normal youth be debarred from
asking the ‘ direct question?”
‘There comes a tide in the affairs of men, ©
And women likewise ;
Which, ta’en at flood, leads on to fame
Through divers pathways.2
And since 'tis true of every man,
In equal measure,
Pray, why debar the Normal youth §
From that sweet pleasure ?
If he, his plan has followed out
By close perusal,
And still has “ gumption” left to dare’
“The great refusal.”
Pray, let him face the fair “ co-ed.”
(Mayhap draw closer),
And claim the answer for that once,!j
Yes, sir,” or “no, sir.”
That method’s pat, we'll not deny,
‘When hearing classes ;
But Normal youth tries other mean:
When treating lasses,
By ‘‘journey method” “led to see”
His direction,
He then the rule doth seek to prove,
By one exception.
M, G. MANAHAN.
THE HOLIDAYS.
MAS now is near approaching,
Bringing happiness and light ;
‘fts that render life and brightness
To lone wanderers of the night.
Glorious day-star shining o’er us,
Banish shades of toil and strife,
From our paths dispel the darkness,
Lead our footsteps toward the Life.
Fast away the year is passing,
Growing brighter at its close,
As when sun sets in the heavens,
Brighter far than when it rose,
Slow it passes from our vision,
Leaving lingering rays to cheer,
Bless and help us on our pathway,
Ushering in the glad New Year.
Cuarins J. Baum, H. S. D.
A PLEASING RECOGNITION.
R. SHELDON, principal of the Oswego
Normal, whom we all remember so pleas-
antly, has made the following statements in let-
ters written to the Oswego Daily Times. While
we would not seem to boast, it is pleasant to be
so highly spoken of by one whose opinion is
based on so many years of experience. “The
Albany school has been reorganized on a differ-
ent basis from the other normal schools. It
differs from the others in that no branches are
taken up as scholastic studies, only methods of
teaching the various branches are considered
together with the educational principles that
underlie these methods. I only visited the
grades below the high school, corresponding
with our own and found excellent work being
done. Good order, good attention, and good
work were characteristic of all the rooms visited.
For extent and thoroughness of instruction the
Albany school is far superior to in every
way. Dr. Wm. J. Milne, the president, is a man
well known for his scholarly attainments, as well
as for his practical, professional knowledge.
For more than thirty years he has been connected
with Normal schools of this State as pupil,
teacher and principal and no man in the country
has had a more extended and thorough prepara-
tion for the leadership of a great training insti-
tution.
“He has already organized this school on a
broad, comprehensive plan, which can but com-
mand the confidence and respect of the public.
They make no boastful pretensions or claims,
but in a quiet way are laying solid foundations
for a teachers’ training college of a high order
and are sure to fulfill all promises.”
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 7
THE HISTORICAL PAGEANT.
N educational exhibit, unique and rare, but
interesting and instructive alike to all
classes of society, was open to the people of
Albany and vicinity for the week beginning
December 3. It had a dual purpose and seems
to have accomplished both. One of its ends was
to bring before the people, in a pleasing way, by
means of a few great object lessons, some of the
most interesting and important facts pertaining
to the past of our city; the other was to raise
money for the construction of a building in which
shall be preserved and made permanently valu-
able, in the line of education, the historical treas-
ures, now abundant, but diminishing year by
year. An object so worthy, giving promise of so
much pleasure as well as profit, at once enlisted
hearty and popular support. Nearly a thousand
men, women and children had parts in the rep-
resentation. President Milne represented Benj.
Franklin in the Colonial Congress, which met in
June and July, 1754, and read the “plan of
union,” which twenty years later took the form
of the Declaration of Independence. Profs.
Bartlett, Wetmore and Husted, in the uniform
of the continental soldier, appeared in the “ Re-
ception to General Washington, by the Officials
and Citizens, 27th June, 1782,” as “ Sons of the
Revolution.”
THE SENSE OF SIGHT.
AY —has a child no eyes?
Is he blind as he can be?
That our time should be spent in sketches and plans —
For “leading that child to see?”
We've heard of defective vision —
But the usual remedy
Is a pair of specs astride of his nose
For aiding that child to see.
But the good old ways are dying,
And the Normalite weary grows,
A-wondering how that child can see
Through sheets of method prose.
Arguments will not worl
Methods we dare not shir
Forever and ever the rule will be
“ Develop and lead him to see.”
Hence :
If ever alluring voices, in the stillness of the night,
With hopes of fame should tempt you
To become a Normalite —
Though the voice that tempts be sweeter
Than the music of the spheres,
Adopt the plan of Ulysses —
Stuff cotton in your ears!
Auce BATES.
THE AGASSIZ ASSOCIATION.
HE College Chapter of the Agassiz Associa-
tion is at present in a most flourishing
condition. The interest in the society is shown
by the increased membership, there being at
present eighty members, and the large attendance
at the meetings; also in the fact that nearly all
the meetings this year have been conducted by
the students. .
Miss Burton took charge of the meeting on
November 2d, and in a very clear and interest-
ing way presented the “Devélopment of Color
and the Color Sense.”
On November 16th, Miss Duckworth enter-
tained the society by a talk on the “Life of
Agassiz.”
Our expected lecturer, Mr. Byington, was un-
expectedly detained out of town last Friday, and
the anticipated treat of a lecture on ‘“ Photo-
graph,” with the whole process illustrated, was
deferred. Prof, Wetmore hurriedly arranged his
stereopticon and opened to us the beauties of
the Yellowstone National Park. The entertain-
ment was entirely impromptu and thoroughly
enjoyable.
Ours is a live society, and the executive com-
mittee is especially active. Many good things
are in store for us this year.
M, N. Beaupry, Sec’y,
THE QUICKSILVER.
During the last term the Quicksilver has added
to its lists the following books:
Lowell’s, Longfellow’s Holmes’, Whittier’s and
Saxe’s poems} Bryant’s Iliad ; Dante’s handbook;
Brewer's Reader's Handbook; Masterpieces of
American Authors; Last Days of Pompeii;
Grimm’s Fairy Tales; Folk-Lore.
In order to further increase the usefulness of
the Library, Mrs. Mooney plans to have a
catalogue made out and placed in the hand of
each member of the circle. The members will
then have a guide to any further study they may
wish to make of the ground traversed in meet-
ings of the circle, a study which, with the sugges-
tions in which Mrs, Mooney is so rich, may be of
great value to each one undertaking it.
With this portion of the term the study of
German folk-lore ends. The last meeting before
the holidays will be given to Christmas literature,
in memory of the coming Yule-tide. After this
the circle will take up the consideration of early
English literature.
S.C, Hi, 765:
8 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO,
THE
NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
PusiisHed MonTHLy BY THE STUDENTS,
Terms.—$r,00 per annum, in advance; $1.25 when not paid by
January rst; single copies x5 cents,
Conducted by
HENRY F, BLESSING, ‘9s, - - -
WILLIAM J. MILLAR,'95 - ~~
Editor-in-Chief.
Financial Editor.
Assisted by
Cuartorre E, LANsinG, ’95,
Aw
Mary G. Mananan, ’95,
E, Husrep, '95-
Contributions and items of interest are earnestly solicited from
students, graduates and others:
In accordance with the U. S. postal law Tu Ecuo will be sent
ived,
Address matter designed for publication to the Editor-in-chief,
business communications to the Financial Editor, Norma Counncn
Ecuo, College Building, Albany, N. Y.
until all arrears are paid and notice of discontinuance is recei
WEED-PARSONS PRINTING COMPANY, ~~
PRINTERS,
EDITORIAL NOTES
VES CHRISTMAS!
Aut subscriptions not paid before January rst
will cost $1.25.
VoLunrary contributions by the students are
earnestly desired. Do not wait to be asked.
New subscriptions are the most acceptable
Christmas presents which you can make the Ecno,
Aut are looking forward with pleasure to the
lectures which are to be given during the winter.
We are sure that we voice the sentiments of
both students and Alumni when we extend to
Mr. Phelps sincere thanks for his kindness and
interest.
We take pleasure in calling to the intention of
our readers the article “Two Chapters-in the
Early History of the State Normal College,” by
Hon, William F. Phelps.
We are fortunate in being able to secure this
interesting Aistorical account from one who was
a member of the first class and
identified with the institution.
afterwards
Tum proposed cleaning of the Park Lake is the
cause of great disappointment among our stu-
dents who indulge in skating. Certainly the
prospects are very poor for a skating season this
winter.
Ir you do not receive your Ecuo promptly,
inform us of the fact. If your name is wrongly
spelled or your paper sent to the wrong address,
write and have the mistake corrected. In a
mailing-list subject to many changes, mistakes
are sure to occur, but they will be promptly
corrected if we are notified.
Contrary to our usual custom we print in this
issue an extract from ‘“ Suggestions on the Archi-
tecture of School Houses,” published in the
Atlantic Monthly for December. This is a sub-
ject of vital interest to us as teachers, and since
it is not likely that all of our readers will have an
opportunity to read the original, we take this
way of bringing before them some of the im-
portant points.
CHRISTMAS.
(oe the gladdest, happiest day of
the year, is here! It is the day to which
all, old and young, rich and poor, look forward
with anticipations of delight. Whatever may
have been the disappointments of the past, what-
ever the uncertainties of the future, all should be
laid aside on this day. Each country has its
national holidays, but Christmas is ¢he day ob-
served in every civilized land. This is right.
The story of Christ is the one story ever new.
What would life be without it? By song and
story, by gifts and sports, the day is observed.
A spirit of giving exists throughout the world,
We all feel its influence, and all may give some-
thing. It may be only “ Merry Christmas,” but
if given heartily and in the right spirit, it is a
gift of far greater value, and more highly prized,
than costly presents given gradgingly and from a
sense of duty. The good will which is meas-
ured by the price of a present is not of the kind
which makes life sweet, Money is a mighty
power in the world, but it cannot take the place
of those kind words of greeting which, in their
very expression, show the interest felt.
fish we might become if it were not for this yearly
How sel-
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 9
relaxing of heart, hand and purse! All should
be happy. Joy and gladness are the order of the
day. ~
We, especially, should make it a joyful occa-
Studies should be forgotten and everything
done toward making Christmas the happiest day
sion.
of our vacation. The short rest which we are
privileged to enjoy should not be made a time
in which to make up work. Let the time be one
of rest and pleasure; then when we again return
to College we may continue our work with re-
newed zeal.
COLLEGE SPORTS.
HE discussion which has again arisen because
of some of the “ features” of this season’s
foot-ball games leads us to hope that something
will be done that will eliminate all of a barbarous
character and make the game what it should be.
One thing is certain, the “New Rules,” from
which so much was expected, have proved inade-
quate; in fact, have increased the facilities for
incurring accidents.
We do not agree with those so-called reform-
ers who would do away with all out-door games
indulged in by our colleges. The well-educated
man must be educated physically, mentally and
morally, Who will dispute the fact that proper
physical development will make a man much
stronger intellectually and morally.
Study the history of any country or of any age
and you will find that in every instance some
provision —in some more, in others less — was
made for physical culture. And it is also a
noticeable fact that in those countries in which
the youth was trained in no one of these depart-
ments to the injury of another, education reached
its highest development.
The effect of purely physical development may
be seen in the ancient Spartan, but the nature
of their training failed to elevate the moral tone.
Contrast with this the education of the youth at
Athens. Will not the Spartan youth suffer from
the comparison ?
We conclude that athletic sports are necessary ;
then the question is: ‘‘ What shall they be and
how shall they be conducted?” Shall foot-ball
and nearly all the out-door games be barred?
We think not. Theone great advantage of such
practice is that it is taken in the open air. This
is as it should be. The gymnasium is good, but
it has its place.
It is not, then, in the games where lies the fault,
but in the manner they are conducted. If this
spirit of brutality is developed, as it certainly is
in many instances, will it be surprising if the
acts of after life are governed by it ?
“ Just as the twig is bent the tree’s inclined.”
There must be something vitally wrong in the
management when intellectual culture is made
secondary to fvot-ball. We seldom hear of a
great battle in which scholarly attainments are the
chief factors. How different when the Yale and
Harvard e/evens struggle for supremacy.
We are in favor of college sports, yes, even
foot-ball, but let them be of such a character
that all may enjoy them.
THE REPORT ON THE CHICAGO STRIKE.
HE report of the commission appointed by
the President to investigate the Chicago
strike has been made public. It is a disappoint-
ing, in some respects a very disturbing, docu-
ment. In matters of fact its compilation of sta-
tistics will prove useful as a permanent record,
though everything recorded was known before;
but in its theorizings and recommendations it
takes many surprising and dangerous positions.
Admit the strict accuracy, the absolute impar-
tiality, of every assertion they have made, in
general and in detail, and still the conclusions
they draw are such as no other tribunal in Chris-
tendom would have drawn; such as can be en-
tertained only by those who first reject the ac-
cepted principles of political economy and the
entire doctrine of rights and of remedies in our
common law,
One good result of the report will be increased
hesitation about appointing commissions to in-
quire into the origin and cause of “labor
troubles.” There have been several of these
commissions, during the last ten years, here, in
Germany and in France. They have not only never
10 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
found anything out that everybody did not know
already, but have, in many cases, done a good
deal to aggravate the laborer’s discontent and set
class against class.
There is hardly any man who is fit to conduct
such inquiries unless a judge sitting in a lawsuit.
Most investigators are either strongly opposed to
all the pretensions of labor, or else their heads
are stuffed full of the vague socialistic longings
which are already such an affliction to all in-
dustry. In either case the report only aggravates
the trouble. Labor disputes are generally very
simple, and nobody can possibly settle them but
the parties to them. They alone know all the
facts, and they have the deepest possible inter-
est in coming to terms. The interference of
outsiders, unless asked for by doth sédes, ought to
Nothing is more needed
at this crisis than the practice of treating the
working classes as business men, fully capable of
managing their own affairs.
be agross impertinence.
AN EXTRACT.
E quote the following from C. Howard
Walker's “Suggestions on the Architect-
ure of School-houses,” in the Adantic Monthly
for December,
“There is an acknowledged recognition of the
fact that man is strongly influenced by his environ-
ment, and a natural inference can be drawn that
this influence is most active during the early
years of his life. Hamerton assumes that the
mind crystallizes at the age of thirty-five, and that
all subsequent action is along the lines of previous
trends of thought. However this may be, the
surroundings of youth and of early manhood
leave most vivid memories, and the reminiscences
of after life are prone to revert to early experi-
The adolescent stage should therefore be
even more carefully considered in its relation to
public welfare than any other period of man’s
existence, and the impressions of that plastic
time be made beneficial,
“The boy may not feel that his surroundings
are anything more to him than a part of the
great educational machine that is forming him
ences,
for future action ; if so, the greater pity for a lost
opportunity. He may, on the other hand, de-
velop an admiration for the mechanical perfec-
tion of his surroundings, in which case he is likely
to underestimate and think poorly of beauty
which is unaccompanied by technical perfection.
“Much of the carping criticism, the dissatisfac-
tion with simple means, that is so characteristic
of certain types of citizens, can be traced to asso-
ciation with the complex surroundings of modern
buildings. The effect of quiet beauty, of walls
growing old gracefully with the soft colors that
age enhances, of stretches of sward from which
yines clamber and cling to projections and spread
lovingly over broad surfaces, to gather in sway-
ing masses from stringcourses and label mould-
ings; the intimate affectionate character of
diamond-paned windows, and of postern door-
ways, which seem to court companionship by the
very necessity for close contact in passing through
them,—all is absent from the dry formality of
the schoolhouse which we build. Perfected
methods of lighting, of providing fresh air and of
withdrawing vitiated air, of heating and plumb-
ing, receive full meed of attention, the needs of
association with beauty little or none. This is
well enough so far as it goes, but is not produc-
tive of pleasant reminiscence to the pupil. He
is taught little by his environment : there are no
sermons in the stones of his school; there is no
subtle influence teaching him by the best of ex-
amples, that of the object lesson, to appreciate
light and shade and color, and to grow fond of
them, so that he looks back upon them with af-
fection, and demands that they enter into his
life in after years. It is the stimulation of this
desire for good things that is so important and so
abiding a quality in the education of a child.
To have only the best about one means that
nothing short of the best will satisfy. And this
does not imply extravagant tastes or perpetual
disappointment. The best things are more a
matter of choice than of cost, and they may be
quite as frequent as the inferior products, if we
only know how to discriminate between the two.
To be educated to know good architecture
foreshadows the elimination of bad architecture,
and the education is all the better for having
been imbibed while young.”
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. IL
OBITUARY.
IED at Floral Park, November 28, 1894, Ed-
ward H. Cook. The circumstances of Mr.
Cook’s death are particularly sad. He was re-
covering from a severe attack of nervous pros-
tration. While out for an early morning walk
he stopped on the railroad track as if dazed by
the approaching train, fell toward the engine and
received such severe injuries that he expired be-
fore the same train reached Queens. His wife
and infant child are left alone in the world,
save a brother with whom they will reside.
Mr. Cook was a gentleman of singular integ-
rity and conscientiousness.
ECHOES.
(CHRISTMAS greetings.
No reunion during the holidays.
A large number of students spent the recent vacation
either at home or with friends.
The guality of the music sung by the Glee Class is
certainly increasing whether the guantity of those present
is or not.
With this issue the last Ectto of '94 comes before its
readers. Let us feel that with the dawn of the new
year we have, more than ever before, the hearty support
of every student and alumnus of the college.
“* A discovered fact is as much better than a developed
fact, as a developed fact is better than a fold fact.””
McLaury.
PERSONALS.
M*s MARTHA BABCOCK has left College.
R. J. Hotaling is teaching at Normansville, N. Y.
Miss Corey, of the Cortland, Normal, visited the col-
lege Nov. 29, 28.
Miss Susie McDonald has left college, not to return
until February.
Miss Bishop spent a pleasant day on Nov. 2gth, with
friends in Coxsackie.
Miss Bodley has been suffering for some time with a
felon on her left hand.
E, C, Delavan, our former business manager, passed
through the city Nov. 22.
Miss Sporr, of Schenectady, was the guest of Miss
Margaret Aitkin, ’95, Dec. 14.
Miss Margaret Morey, of Troy, spent Saturday, Dec.
15, with Miss Mary G. Manahan, ’95.
Miss Florence Palmer, of Spencertown, N. Y., and
Miss Mabel Husted visited the college Dec. r9.
Miss Ruth Milne, who is attending Smith College,
spent the Thanksgiving recess with her parents.
Miss Mead has been absent several weeks, owing to
the presence of a contagious disease in her home.
Miss Sarah Tilson Boon, of Watertown, N. Y., was
the guest of Miss Florence Williams, 96, Nov. 24.
Miss Mabel A. Phillips, of Castile, N. Y., was the
guest of Miss Marie Van Arsdale, Nov. 28-Dec. 5.
Mrs. C. H. Waite, of New York, entertained her
niece, Miss Minnie E, Waite, ’95, Nov. 29-Dec, 2.
Miss Helen Sewall has been absent from the Kinder-
garten several days, owing to an attack of la grippe.
Miss Alice Howe, of Prattsburgh, N. Y., visited her
sister, Miss Charlotte Howe, during the week Dec. 17-22.
Mrs. Mooney and Miss Russell attended the Institute
at Schenectady, the former Dec. 5, the latter on Dec. 6.
Mr. Fred. Reed, of Cambridge, spent Saturday and
Sunday, Dec. 15 and 16, with his sister, Miss Bertha M.
Reed, ’96.
P, Bugbee, Prof. of Mathematics at the Oneonta Nor-
mal, and Dr. Keyser of the regents, visited the College
Nov. 23.
Miss Aurelia Hyde was absent from school Dec. 11
and 12 on account of the death of her grandmother,
Mrs. Moseley.
Miss Anna Robeson spent Thanksgiving at her home
in Newburgh, and Miss Katherine Toohey with her par-
ents in Schuylerville.
Miss Mary Toohey, who has been spending several
weeks in New York, visited her sister, Miss Katherine
Toohey, '95, Dec. 5-10.
Mrs, Treat, who has been giving a series of lectures
in Cohoes, addressed the Albany Kindergarten Associa-
tion at the College, Dec. 8.
Prof. White’s elocutionary ability is in constant de-
mand. On Dec. § he read at Schenectady, on the roth
at the Middleburgh Institute.
Mrs. H. M. Willard, of Oriskany Falls, and Mrs,
Horace Shead, of Glens Falls, were the guests of Miss
Blanche Willard, '96, Nov. 24.
The Kindergarten pupils were given their annual
Xmas tree on the afternoon of Dec. 20. Parents and
friends were invited to be present.
The friends of Miss Charlotte Howe, who has been ill
since before Thanksgiving, are hoping that she will be
able to return home for the holidays.
Miss Russell gave a talk at the regular monthly meet-
ing of the Albany Kindergarten Teachers’ Association,
which was held at the college December 15.
On Nov. 29, Margurite May Boylan was married to
Ernest Avery Lanrb at Richmondville, N.Y. Miss
Boylan was a student at the College in ’89~’g0.
Prof. Wetmore is to deliver, on Dec. 26, the second
of a series of lectures to be given in the assembly hall
ALUMNI NOTES.
77. PHE new superintendent of schools for Califor-
nia, Samuel T. Black, has shown good sense,
for which his term will be characterized, in the
choice of W, W. Seamans, of Los Angeles as his
deputy.
85. Miss Ida L. Bedell, of the June class, called at the
College Dec. 5. ‘She is teaching in the Albany
Orphan asylum on Robin street.
86. Miss Fannie M. Groat called at the College Dec. 17.
89. Wm. S. Twitchell has resigned from school No. 3,
Paterson, N. J., to accept a position as teacher
of music in Paterson and other cities.
Mr. and Mrs. William H. Browne announce the
marriage of their daughter, Grace Emma, to
Thomas Edward Finegan, on Dec. roth, at Rich-
mondville, N.Y. Mr. and Mrs. Finegan will be
at home after January 1st at 244 Hamilton street,
Albany,
12 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
‘gt. Miss Alice Bothwell, of the January class, spent a
few days at her home on Elm street the last of
November.
92. F. B. Morse was in the city Nov. 24.
Miss S. Alice Smith, who has charge of a kinder-
garten in Utica, called at the College Dec t.
E. E. Daring was the guest of Editor-in-Chief Henry
. Blessing, Dec. 8-10.
Miss Lelia Bennett is teaching at Tarrytown.
Miss Edith Bailey has a position at Williamsbridge.
93. Oscar E. Coburn was in the city Nov. 24.
Merritt E. Newbury called at the College Nov. 24.
C. A. Woodard spent Nov. 30 in town.
E. E. Race spent Thanksgiving with friends in the
city.
Miss Anna M. Brett spent Nov. 28-Dec. 2 with
Miss McClelland.
Miss Grace Seaton is teaching in the Institute for
the Blind in New York city.
4. Miss Mary Babbitt and Miss Anna Mackey spenta
part of their Thanksgiving vacation with Miss
Charlotte Lansing, ’95.
W. E. Barnes called at the College Dec. 11.
Miss Helena Curtiss was the guest of her former
landlady, on Knox street, from Nov. 28 to
Dec. 1.
Miss Anna M. Speidel returned to her home at
Rome, N, Y., on Nov. 28 for a few days.
Miss Frances Hamlin was present at the College
prayer meeting on Dec. 2.
Miss Dorothy Ehman spent Dec. 14-17 with Miss
ara Briggs and Miss Minnie E. Waite.
EDUCATIONAL NOTES.
HE RHINE PROVINCE of Germany has about
twenty Normal Schools, or Seminaries, as they are
called, of which all but two are under Roman Catholic
authority.
The competition for entrance is very severe, and only
good students need apply, so that the worry concerning
failure in Exam. is almost eradicated. The stu-
dents are from seventeen to twenty-five years old,
usually eighteen at entrance. At Boppard there isa
school of this kind. TItis situated at one of the most
charming spots along the Rhine. Here they have for the
students three large dormitories, each containing about
thirty beds, and. a large dining room, in which five
meals a day are served: coffee at six, breakfast at
eleven, dinner at four, tea at six or seven, supper at
nine, Each student has about eight hours a day in the
class room. ‘The recitation period isone hour, and both
learning and reciting are done at this time.
The cost per day to each student is one mark for
everything. If he is too poor to pay this sum it is cut
intwo. Thus itcosts him fifty dollars a year, of forty-
two weeks, for everything, or half that sum if he be
poor. The final Exam. is very rigid, but it does
not give the student a life license ; he must appear for
a second Exam. after teaching’ two years or not
more than five years, If he does not take this second
Exam., or if he fails, his license is revoked.— [Con-
densed from Normal News.
A silver loving cup was presented to Gen, Webb
upon the completion of his twenty-five years as presi-
dent of the College of the city of New York.
The sociology students ai Columbia are going to
investigate the} New York social system by personally
visiting the tenements.
AMONG OUR EXCHANGES.
“pie Stevens Zife is one of the most readable papers
on our exchange list. The December number con-
tains a very realistic and interesting article on ‘‘ Deer
Hunting in the Adirondacks.
In the November number of the Nassau Zét., Wilbur
M. Urban has a very scholarly essay in which he de-
precates the morbid intellectual tendencies of the
people which cause them to rave over books of such
character as “ Ships that Pass in the Night,” and “Lady
Nicotine.”
The High School Recorder has taken another step in
advance. The November number contains two articles
very well illustrated for a college paper.
NIGHT,
Purple shadows swiftly fall,
Eerie sounds the wise owl’s call. ©
The deep bass soundings of a frog
Echo from a neighboring bog.
Silent bats on velvet wings
Float along in circling rings.
Nightengales in flute-like son
Woo and win in passion strong.
Twinkling stars with gleaming light,
Laugh at Phoebus’ hurried flight.
Luna, pale, with mellow ray,
For her mistress points the way,
Drawn by steeds of blackest hue,
Shaking off the freshening dew
From their flanks and heaving sides.
While behind them swiftly rides
With her nymphs, in pressing throngs,
Chanting soft and heavenly songs
Round the onward rolling car,
The goddess, crowned with a star,
Draped with tresses, sombre, black,
Frowning brow and eyes that track
Out her path, through widening space
As the hours roll on apace,
Proud, erect, with haughty mien,
Night appears, the Heavenly Queen.
St. Paul's Chevron.
‘The women now are so preferred
It is becoming quite absurd,
Of Christmas Eve so much is heard —
Of Christmas Adam not a word.
The following, clipped from the Nassau Zit., shows
decided poetical genuis :
LOVE.
“Love is but a ray of light
That falls upon the soul ;
A vision veiled, within the night,
We see a part, but feel the whole.”
Joy.
“Joy is a bird with dazzling wings,
With plumage bright and gay ;
Caged in the heart it trills and sings
‘A merry roundelay.”
SORROW,
“Weeping sorrow, dull-eyed sorrow,
Dismal is thy home ;
Waiting ever for the morrow,
‘That will never, never come.”
J. Mernirt Marruews, Wassau Lit.
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO, 13
AMONG THE COLLEGES.
‘HERE are twenty Hawaiian students at Yale,
Yale lost about $1,000 on her athletic trip to England.
The Harvard Library contains pictures of all its
classes since 1752.
Cornell has discarded term examinations and decides
rank by daily recitations.
The Johns Hopkins foot-ball team disbanded on
account of lack of interest.
The University of Chicago has formed a glee club
consisting of sixteen women.
The students at Columbia are making a strong plea to
have dormitories at their new site.
‘A military company has been formed at Harvard un-
der the name of the Harvard Rifles,
Between 1,100 and 1,200 newspapers are sold daily to
students at Memorial Hall, Harvard.
Cornell is to send a crew to England next year to
meet the best oarsmen of English universities.
The Senior class at Princeton will hereafter wear the
cap and gown on Sundays during the entire year.
The Williams eleven will be presented with a solid
silver cup in honor of having scored against Yale.—Ex.
The Italian government has recently ordered English
to be added to the list of studies in the colleges of that
country.
Cornell has recently lost over a million dollars from
the burning of some pine lands belonging to the uni-
versity.
The practice of compelling students to attend the
Sunday afternoon vesper service at Amherst has been
dropped.
A plan has been proposed to divide Harvard into
several small colleges, somewhat after the Oxford Uni-
versity plan.
The University of Pennsylvania now offers a two-
years’ course in newspaper practice to Freshmen and
Sophomores.
The students of North Western University are re-
quired to pledge themselves not to take any part in the
hazing or cane-rush.
The friends and graduates of the University of Michi-
gan have purchased for it the great organ which stood
in Festival Hall at the World’s Fair.
Emperor William of Germany has offered a trophy
valued at 5,000 marks to be competed for by the crews
of the different German Universities.
The following universities publish daily papers: Cor-
nell, Brown, Harvard, Leland Stanford, Princeton, and
the Universities of Michigan, Wisconsin and Pennsyl-
vania.
The faculty of Leland Stanford University believe
in college athletics. They have organized among them-
selves a base-ball nine which has defeated every team
the students have formed.
The following extract from the Harvard Aonthly
speaks for itself; “No thoughtful critic can deny that
in the erection of the Fogg Art Museum an irreparable
injury has been done to Harvard. That this glorified
mouse-trap should stand as an art museum—a monument
to Harvard's highest culture — is one of those ironies
of fate, that many feel a more intelligent goverance
might have avoided. Fancy if you can the outcry the
department of Latin would raise if some of the in-
scriptions on Memorial Hall were found to be ungram-
matical. The Latin would be thought a disgrace to the
university, The fault in architectural grammar with the
Fogg Art Museum is not less flagrant.
HIGH SCHOOL NOTES.
IS$ ALLEN called upon Miss Bussing December
15th.
A new library is being founded for the department.
J. Fay Putnam spent Thanksgiving with relatives in
Cohoes.
Miss Kelly, a niece of Mrs. Mooney, has entered the
High School
The Literary Societies ar
in February.
Mr. Hallenbeck, ’94, visited the High School depart-
ment December 7th.
Henry Devoe and Wm. O’Brien called upon old
friends November 26th.
Rev. Mr. Fallon of Greenbush visited the High
School, Monday, December roth.
Many pupils of the High School department are an-
ticipating a glorious time during vacation.
Miss Eleanor Nichols was detained at home, Decem-
ber 13th, through the illness of her mother.
Miss Helen Wilson acquitted herself very creditably
as “ Court Lady” during the recent pageant.
Miss Ada Graves was seen surrounded by a host of
friends in Room 301 at recess, December 13th.
Many of the students were pleased to meet Prof. A.
D. Warde, their former teacher, the latter part of No-
vember.
On December 14th the Adelphi Society elected the
following officers for the ensuing semi-term.
President . : .Ralph Garrison.
Vice-President... -Arthur Moyer.
Secretary... ....C, B. Van Denburgh.
Treqsurer vvvescey-vesesrsveeeees+.Eben Morgan.
The society will meet December goth to elect officers
for the February closing.
{contemplating a public
MAGAZINES.
THE ATLANTIO MONTHLY.
The Christmas number of the Atlantic is an excellent one,
Among the leading articles are, “The New Criticism of Genius,”
by Almi Gorren; “Some Pérsonal Reminiscences of Walter
Pater,” and Ghosts,” by Agnes Repplier. “Ghosts,” she says,
“enjoy a curious popularity in England to-day. Years ago they
fell into unmerited disfavor; and for a century and a-half they
batiled with scant success against that arrogant wave of reason
and common sense which chilled the fair fields of poetry, swept
romance from the land, and left the sombre glades of superstition
tenantless and bare of évery horror.” She cites many instances of
fabled and storied ghosts which show them to be perverse and
wavering, unprogressive, and not to be tamed by physical re-
searches. ‘There is not éven a great deal gained by calling them
in the scientific language of the day, ": phantasmogenetic agencies.”
C. Howard Walker, in a very ‘sensible article, presents some
practical Suggestions on the Architecture of School-houses.” He
protests against building school-houses to look like factories or
ornamental boxes.
‘The Atlantic both publicty and editorially impresses its deep
sense of the loss of Dr. Holmes, who for thirty-seven years had
been a constant contributor. Especial emphasis is laid on his in-
tense patriotism and identification with his city of Boston.
REVIEW OF REVIEWS.
The Review of Reviews for December brings to the attention of
its readers a remarkable state of things in South American inter
national relations. It has been known for years that Great
Britain has persistently encroached on territory belonging to the
little republic of Venezuela; but few Americans have been aware of
the extent of those encroachments. The editor of the Review of
Reviews asserts that England is now occupying a vast region
which only afew years ago she acknowledged to belong to Ven-
emucla, and that in fact she has no lawful claim to any territory
whatever west of the Essequibo river, although she has acquired
the coast lines as far west as the Orinoco. The editor's charges
seem to be supported by the statements of reliable English publica-
tions; the Cyclopedia of Geography, for example, computed the
area of British Guiana a few year ago as 50,000 square miles, while
14 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
the present area is given as 100,000 square miles by all British
statistical works, although there have been no cessions to England
in that region. As Great Britain has refused arbitration of the
points in dispute, the Review of Reviews advocates the appoint-
ment of a joint commission by the United States, Mexico, and the
South American republics to investigate Venezuela's claims, and
that such as may appear well founded be sustained by the united
American powers against England,
Besides editorial comments on the general results of the recent
glections, a detailed review of the campaigns in the different States
is furnished, pointing out the issues involved and the determining
influences at work in the different sections of the country.
‘The prospects of a re-establishment of Olympic games, as a
promoter of perce among nations, ate discussed by Dr, Albert
WW.
LIPPINCOTT’S MAGAZINE
FOR JANUARY, 1895.
‘The complete novel in the January issue of Lippincott’sis “The
Waifs of Fighting Rocks," by Captain Charles Mellyaine, The
scone is laid in the mountains of West Virginia, and the tale is one
of adventure, love, and jealousy among the mountainers.
“By Telephone,” a stirring newspaper story, by Francis ©.
Regal shows how a plucky reporter defeated @ conspiracy and
brought the criminals to justice.’ A Question of Responsibility,”
by Imogen Clark, deals with delicacy vs, lifesaving in lodging-
“The other stories belong to Christmas, and are offered at the right
time instead of a month beforehand, as'is the usual magazine cus
tom. ‘These are Mrs, Santa Claus," by Marjorie Richardson, “ A
Prodigal Friend,” by.S, Blgar Benet, and" Mrs. Risley’s Christmas
Dinner,” by Ella Higginson, Bach of them is in the spirit of the
Season, though the last is in a minor key.
hristmas Customs and Superstitions” are collected by Eliza.
beth Ferguson Seat. Edgar Fawcett recalls “New Year's Days
in Old New York,” and Edith Duff “ Empress Josephine’s Happy
Day,” ninety years ago.
in'* The Ducks of the Chesapeake ” Calyin Dill Wilson tells all
about the canvas-back before he is shot and after. Gilbert Parker
offers a study of “Herbert Beerbohm Tree,” the actor. F. M. B.,
in“ With the Autocrat,” recalls some notable private utterances of
Dr, Holmes, and M, Kaufmann discusses ‘‘ Socialist Novels.”
‘The poetry of the number is by M. S. Paden, Alice Brown, Kath-
leen R. Wheeler and Susie M. Best.
THE TEACHERS’ INSTITUTE.
The December number of The Teachers’ Institute, contains a
short biographical sketch of Nicholas Murray Butler with portrait
‘The Christmas suggestions are excellent and the material furnished
for a program of exercises is of a very high order.
‘There are tableaux, songs and recitations, which are bright and
original and well adapted to the purpose of school entertainment.
Our Thies is an eight-page résumé of the news of the month. It
is a bright little paper, just the thing for teaching Current History,
and deserves a place in every school-room.,
LITERARY NOTES.
Macmillan & Co. have in pressa new edition of Dr C.
Ellis Stevens’ Sources of the Constitution of the United
States. The work has been thoroughly revised, with
numerous changes and additions, and has been supple-
mented by four appendices in which the subject of the
early State constitutions is taken up more fully. Cita-
tions are given from the colonial bills of rights, and the
Articles of Confederation, as well as the Constitution
of the United States, are given in full. The result will
be to make the work of even more practical value to
students, both as a text-book and asa book of refer-
ence.
No movement in the history of the nineteenth century
has had fewer chroniclers and more scanty records than
that of co-operative production. To preserve the expe-
tience and knowledge of those that remember some of
the earlier efforts in associated industry, and to search
such scanty records as are extant, is the task which has
been undertaken by Mr Benjamin Jones in his Co-opera-
tive production, The work, avolume of some eight hun-
dred pages, has just been issued by Macmillan & Co.,
and it will undoubtedly prove of the highest interest to
those whose aim is the removal, by some form of asso-
ciated management, of the evils which beset many of
the preseut methods of industrial organization.
In German Society at the Close of the Middle Ages, Mr.
E, Belfort Bax, the author of many works dealing with
questions of history and philosophy, gives a general
view of the social condition and popular movements of
Germany during the period of the Reformation. The
volume is limited, roughly speaking, to the period
bounded by the closing years of the fifteenth century on
the one side, and by 1528, the year of the great Peasants’
Rising, on the other. [t contains a narrative of the
earlier popular revolutionary movements at the close of
the Middle Ages, and deals also with the underlying
causes, economic, social and juridical, of the general
disintegration of the time. This volume, which is pub-
lished by Macmillan & Co., will be followed by others
treating more in detail the years 1524 to 1526, and giving
ahistory of the Anabaptist Movement in Central Europe.
NEW PUBLICATIONS.
A Hand-Book of Mythology. By E. M. Brrgus,
New York. Maynard, Merrill & Co,
‘This volume is most tastefully gotten up. Its printed in large,
clear type, and is well ilustrated, having a number of wood-cuts,
and in addition twenty-one half-ione reproductions of some of the
most beautiful antique statues, A. pronouncing index of the proper
eas Wiloutie ungleh oycoe of peoasincanon
use:
It is not necessary to dwell upon the importance of the study of
Mythology. Ivery standard literary work teems with classical
allusions, and one can make no pretension to culture without having
at least a’ superficial knowledge of the myths. But it has been ob-
served, that often merely a vague idea of them is gained from even
the most diligent study of the classics, doubtless because such ref-
erences are scattered through the text so as to give no connected
idea of the whole.
‘The reader of this Hand Book, which embodies the principal
legends of antiquity, cannot fall to obtain a clear and vivid idea of
the religious Beliefs and practices of the ancients, and to have
awakened in his mind a desire to become more intimatel
quainted with classical productions, “We recommend it to al oe
lents of literature.
Our Wonderful Bodies and How to Take Care of
Them. HvrcwINson's PHYsIoLocicaL SERies. May-
nard, Merril & Co.
‘This work, issued in. two volumes, presents the leading physto-
logical and principles ina style bright, attractive and emi-
ently well adapted to the respective grades for which it is de-
signed. Careful consideration has been given to the subject of
stimulants and narcotics, and the requirements of State law have
been fully met in relation to teaching these subjects.
The Use of Life. By Str Joun Lussocx, New York.
MacMillan & Co.
‘The “great question” which has, in all times and places, occu-
pied the'mind of the sage and the philosopher, has been finely
treated in this worle
Here is the key-note — “The most thing to learn in life is how to
live. ‘There is nothing men are so anxious to keep as life, and
nothing they take so little pains to keep well.”
Tn this pfobiem the author considers the factors of education,
recreation, patriotism and the cardinal virtues. We notice many
appropriate quotations from the American and British poets.
Mayell’s
FOR MEN, WOMEN, CHILDREN.
Mackintoshes
and Rubbers,
- Cor, Broadway and State Street.
THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO. 15
A SUITABLE CHRISTMAS PRESENT.
Fresh, y] ae Bons
Pure, Hl lpr:
Delicious
G. W. ANDERSON,
“Pearl” Confectionery,
cone
ICE CREAM
Mme \N) CANDIES
Supplied in any quantities and at Popular Prices.
“WARRANTED STRICTLY PURE,”
No. 22 South Pearl Street,
H ENRY HAHN,
ABany, N, Y.
Ladies’ and Gents’
BOOTS AND SHOES.
70 Washington Avenue, ALpany, N. ¥.
Special inducements to students.
AUNDRY.
———————— BEST WORK.
Work called for and delivered. SATISFACTION,
C. MEYER,
61 South Pearl Street.
DIAMONDS, WATCHES AND JEWELRY.
DIAMOND RINGS FROM 85.00 UP.
CALL AND EXAMINE OUR STOCK OF
Sterling Silver Mounted Canes, Umbrellas and
Silver Novelties, at
M.KUNKEL’S, 50 N. Pearl St., ALBANY,N.Y.
PAPPAS & SONS,
-e Confeetionery. 2
160 8. PEARL §T., - - ALBANY, N.Y.
EXCELSIOR # LAUNDRY.
WORK GUARANTEED,
BROADWAY, - i ALBANY, N. Y.
Albany Teachers Agency
Secures Good Positions for
Good Teachers with Good Records.
‘We have had many calls for teachers during
the pet year, when we had no satisfactory
candidate, and could not fill the place. For
this reason we urge wide-awake and pro-
gressive teachers to register at once and give
tis an opportunity to help them.
Send stamps for circular and Application
Form.
HARLAN P. FRENCH, Manager,
24 State St., ALBANY, N. Y.
Flowers
H. G. Eyres & Co.,
11 North Pearl Street, ALBANY, N. ¥.
Long Distance Telephone.
FRED. EBEL,
ARVN AE AL OSy),.
[Foreign and QPomestic \Voolens.¢
242 Washington Ave., ALBANY, N. ¥.
H. G. EYRES,
8. GOLDRING.
TELEPHONE 510,
Price of Visiting Cards
50 Cards,
En graving Plate and Printing
Printing 50 Cards from Plate,
> $1.00
60
“MANNING,”
Art Engraver and Stationer,
82 NonTH Peart StREET,
ALBANY, N. Y.
Telephone Number 1062
WASHINGTON PARK DRUG STORE.
Proprietor, G. M. SEGER, Ph. Q.
Draggist and Pharmacist,
Madison Aye., Cor, Willett St.,
Prescriptions receive careful attention,
SiC Wecen
Fine Dress Suits
ALBANY, N. ¥
130 S. Pearl St.
At Moderate Price
16 THE NORMAL COLLEGE ECHO.
Man, Woman and Child.
SAUL’S
“HEAD TO irae“ or GLOTHING 1S BEST,
FOOT.” = eae — Sonneries
——~ TRY US FOR A SAVING.~——
THINGS Holiday Flustle.
Shoes, Slippers, Rubbers.
SS iNGiecce Or
85 North Pear! Street, = = = = = ALBANY, N. Y.-
THE NORMAL COLLEGE STUDENTS
Wear the B. & M. Hats, because they are the best. Young Men’s Hats a specialty. Try one
of our $3.00 Derbys, none better. Men’s Mackintosh Coats, all wool, at $8.00, A Box Coat,
velvet collar, $9.00.’ Agents for Dent’s and Adler’s Kid Gloves. Special discount to students.
A call requested.
BOYCE & MILWAIN, The Young Men’s Hatters, - - - 66 and 68 State St.
JOHN T. JOHNSON,
Tailor and Importer,
85 Maiden Lane, ALBANY, N. Y.
See. Millinery bazaar,
37 Norv PEaRt, STREET, ALBANY, N. Y.
KEELER’S
HoTEL AND RESTAURANT,
26 and 28 Maiden Lane, Albany, N. Y.
EUROPEAN PLAN.
