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- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Description:
- This paper develops a simple model of a manufacturing firm in which a successful productivity improvement program is implemented. The model is used to show how a successful improvement program can fail to significantly improve a firm's financial performance. It is argued that the potential rates of improvement in the firm's capabilities can differ substantially based on the intrinsic complexity of those processes. The spread of improvement skills and commitment to the effort is modeled as a diffusion process among employees in a given area. The allocation of resources to support that commitment is represented as a dynamic adjustment process. The formulation, with the assumption of locally rational decision rules, results in the differential rates of improvement in the capacity and demand generating areas of the firm. If excess capacity results, interactions with traditional accounting, pricing, and human resources policies can create unanticipated side effects that result in sub-standard performance of failure of the program. Policies for mitigating these problems are discussed and analyzed.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Description:
- The Revised Minimum Standard Model (RMSM) of the World Bank is a model which focuses on the financial flows of the economy, and its best use is found in countries which require necessary adjustment towards balancing its national accounts. It is used frequently in repairing countries Country Assistance Strategies (CAS) which are approved by the Bank's Board of Executive Directors as the basis for Bank strategy for each individual country. RMSM was first constructed in the early 70's to provide a framework for assessing financial needs and domestic growth opportunities. Its extended version, RMSM-X, is used extensively by the World Bank Country Operations departments for making macroeconomic projections and analyzing macroeconomic policies for all developing countries.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Description:
- The paper deals with an extension of the Polis modeling process that concerns war-vessel type dynamics. The study provides an opportunity for considerations on conceptual distance in SD models. We address the question with stating that a complex system cannot be simulated by an invariant model and that its change require adjustment in the conceptual distance which can also imply the treatment of discrete events. The models of Kuhnian theory suggested by the literature allow us a comparison for concluding that the POLIS approach could be of more interest in the simulation practice of complex systems.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694
- Description:
- This study examines the cognitive processes of strategic decision making in simulated dynamic environments. The experimental study using two different types f interactive decision making games found that high performers adopted more feedforward strategy and they pursued more model expansion than low performers did. These findings were confirmed in a supplementary study which manipulated to force the subjects to use feedforward strategy in there dynamic decision making. Results suggest that, in dynamic decision environment, the performance relies on the decision making strategy that manages adopt, i.e., feedforward strategy rather than feedback strategy. This study concludes by discussing its implications for theoretical development and strategic decision makers in complex dynamics environments.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694
- Description:
- Past policy studies to reduce rural poverty in the developing countries have focused much attention to the issue of increasing food production and expanding economic growth but little attention to the issue of constraints imposed by degradation of agricultural land resources and the effects of expanding urban economy on rural development. Only in recent years have we seen increasing attention to the relationship between rural poverty and environment. Inquiry is, however, often done by simplistic one way causal relationship which, although often illuminating, does not provide a comprehensive understanding of the different interacting processes that create rural poverty and land degradation. Many of the analyses of poverty-environment relationships view that poverty is the cause of environmental destruction. The common assumption takes the poor to be ignorant and short-sighted 'slash-and-burn' agriculturist, wrecking destruction on the environment. Others would consider population growth resulting from poverty to be reinforcing environmental destruction. In the process of destroying the environment, the poor people also became the victims of environmental degradation.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694
- Description:
- The purpose of this paper is to describe the methodological approach followed to validate a dynamic hypothesis of service delivery and explain its implications for service quality. For a full report on the application of the methodology and the substantial results obtained in the analysis see Oliva (1996)
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694
- Description:
- Optimization has not been an important part of system dynamics thus far, and for several good reasons: Simulation models have been sufficient to point out greater potential for improvement than what policy makers have been willing o embrace. Hence presumably minor improvements of policies might have seemed of little value. Even simple simulation results have been difficult to communicate, indicating that the results of complicated optimization efforts would be even harder to convey. Optimization methods have not been able to capture the richness of real decision problems characterized by simultaneous appearance of dynamics, nonlinearities and uncertainties. Hence there has been uncertainty about the transferability of solutions from simple to complex environments.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
- Description:
- Numerous renewable resources have been exploited beyond limits for sustainable economic development. At times over-exploitation has been observed even in cases where management regimes have been in place. Thus it seems pertinent to search for explanations beyond the theory of the commons. An experiment is performed where subjects set reindeer quotas in a district where lichen has been severely depleted by preceding overgrazing. All subjects err on the side of over-exploitation. Behaviour seems to be dominated by inappropriate, static mental and inefficient heuristics. Hence a subtle information problem is revealed.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1996
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, ca4810593b2703dcaa087957ab13af91, and 227da936724c4223c5a64764d3922694
- Description:
- A wellknown generic manufacturing strategy indicates "focused" orientation on strategic resources allocation decisions. This is true in the general sense that they have to make optimal decisions under resource constraints such as capital, human resources, time, etc., We can find an assumption underlying the orientation that there exist trade-off relationships between competitive measures like cost, quality, etc..(Skinner, 1978) Our research objectives are to seek for insight into the trade-off relationship. It is an unavoidable lot to every company? The analysis on the Japanese world class companies hints there is high degree of freedom for any company to make it more competitive free from the relationship. It is more important for actual companies to exploit such freedom than assuming the relationship as a lot. Our research objectives include modeling a hypothetical strengthening competitiveness process based on the results extracted from the positive analysis of the structure of competitive measures. Such task may give us implications to build up competitive companies.