Ford, David N. with J.D. Sterman, "Dynamics Modeling of Product Development Processes", 1996
Development products faster, better and cheaper than competitors has become critical to success in many markets whether the products is an office building, software package, or computer chip. This has made the performance of product development projects an increasingly important area of competitive advantage. In response to these pressures many industries have shifted from a sequential, functional, development paradigm to a concurrent, team based paradigm. Increasing concurrence and cross functional development also dramatically increases the dynamics complexity of product development (Smith and Eppinger, 1995). But the mental models used by developers and managers to evaluate, estimate and mange projects have not generally improved to include dynamic influences on performance. The resulting lack of understanding (Diehl and Sterman, 1995; Sterman 1994; Paich and Sterman, 1993) and inadequate decision heuristics (Kleinmuntz, 1993) have contributed to the frequently cited management of development projects (Womack, Jones and Roos, 1990)
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