Richardson, George P., "Chaos from Generic Structures: A Cautionary Tale", 1995
ua435
An elegantly simple and understandable model composed of generic structures is shown to move from damped oscillations to repeated period doubling, leading eventually to chaos. The third order structure contains a balancing loop with a delay and integral control that attenuates as the accumulated pressure gets relatively large. The model and its behavior are so classic and it so quickly converges on its attractor that it may well serve as an ideal structure with which to introduce complex nonlinear behavior and deterministic chaos. Unfortunately, the model contains a subtle error, which, when corrected, destroys in model's ability to exhibit complex behavior. Reflection on these results suggests a number of cautions about modeling practice.