Online Content
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- An integrated system dynamics policy model was developed for a state level economic activity, population, energy demand, supply, and price with realistic feedback mechanisms. Environmental impacts and influences on technical and economic efficiency were also modeled. The model and its use to perform a joint analysis of several interacting policies, including electric and gas utility least cost planning and the construction of an interstate natural gas pipeline are described. A number of interesting results from a variety of perspectives are presented. These include an evaluation of the economic development; air quality and energy efficiency impacts of the pipeline proposal; their sensitivity to fuel prices; and some novel observed feedback relationships between energy price and air quality. The lessons learned in model development, implementation and utilization in both policy and regulatory arenas are discussed. The benefits of fully integrating economic and environmental impacts for policy modeling are evaluated.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- In this paper, first of all, a qualitative analysis is done on a general infections disease SD model, and a new epidemic threshold value and an epidemic scale forecasting formula are proposed. Then in consideration of the properties of type-A hepatitis and its eruptive spread SD model is put forward. A lot of work in various aspects is done, for example: the problem to simulate the type-A hepatitis incubation period is solved practically; the simulation results fitted in with the reality are achieved; through simulation analysis and qualitative analysis, the reason for that the predicted 2nd peak of this spread didn’t appear is found out; the short-term and long-term prospects of Shanghai type-A hepatitis situation are brought forward; especially, hypotheses about the mechanisms of the periodic epidemic and the eruptive spread of type-A hepatitis are put forward. These results are imbued with guiding significance for prevention and control of the type-A hepatitis and other infectious diseases.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper reports on the annual summer training program of children’s creative development conducted since 1986. The training targets per program are between 80-100 children aged between 9-14 years coming from various urban and rural parts of Thailand to join the 8-10 day program for moral and technical development. The program is planned and coordinated by the author with considerable inputs from Buddha’s teaching in self-reliance: the potential of human being prevent their defilement; and from people who expertise in architecture and technology. The method approached for explaining human performance in nature, is a simulation game designed by the author with the help of her colleague in computers. The model concept is derived from a system dynamics method as a tool for dissemination of the law of cause-effect action in Buddhism. The children evaluated joyfully and rapidly understand the mechanism of mind in decision making whether to conduct good or bad actions according to the Buddha’s principle by playing and thinking themselves with this simulation game in a better way than they do in the traditional method of lectures by monks or teachers. The game simulates the interaction relationship between a human’s performance and his life expectancy. Later the workshop practice of the electronic application is approached for systematic problem-solving about peoples’ needs in terms of technological development in relation to promotion of moral values.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper describes a System Dynamic approach to the study of the relationship between people participation in Agricultural Land Reform Cooperative performance and the economic performance over time. Two Cooperatives are examined- “successful” and “non-successful” -and policy changes are discussed in terms of the performance of these two Cooperatives.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper attempts to highlight how system dynamics methodology is useful in modeling and testing the dynamics involved in group interaction process to explain its behavior over time. Out of the prominent group models, Gladstein’s model of groups in context is taken as reference model. The SD model of group structure which is a system component consists of six modules; roles, goal clarity, specific work norms, task control, size and formal leadership. This paper deals in detail, the module of formal leadership, and studies how the interrelations and interdependence influence the system behavior.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- Over the past thirty years the black rhinoceros (Diceris bicornis) population in Africa has declined from about 30,000 to less than 3,000. In contrast the South African population has increased four-fold to 600 over the same period. The recently developed national conservation strategy for black rhino has as it main goal the increase of the current population to at least 2,000 in as short a period as possible. To achieve this, the growth rate of the population as a whole will have to be maximized. This involves removing animals from areas where the population is approaching the ecological carrying capacity and establishing new viable populations in other suitable reserves.A model, incorporating what is known about the population biology of black rhino, was developed to give guidance to managers on the most appropriate harvesting strategy to adopt for their populations; in particular, to determine the rate of removals and the age and sex of individuals to be removed to attain a 2,000 strong Southern African population as soon as possible.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- We have investigated the complex dynamic phenomena, which arise when the economic long wave model is perturbed by a sinusoidal variation in the orders for capital to the goods sector. The modulation represents a coupling to more short term oscillatory modes in the macroeconomic system. As the period of the external forcing is changed, a devil’s staircase of frequency -locked oscillations develops. For higher amplitudes of the perturbing signal, period-doubling bifurcations, simultaneously existing periodic solutions and deterministic chaos can be observed. The distribution of modes is determined as a function of the frequency and amplitude of the external signal. The phase diagram reveals characteristic bumps on the Arnol’d tongues, where they approach each other. The Lyapunov exponents are calculated, and the influence of noise is discussed in terms of the lock-in time for the periodic solutions.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This report is based on results of the TERC Modeling Project funded by the National Science Foundation grant MDR-8550373. Any options, findings, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Foundation.We gratefully acknowledge the support of Apple Computer, Inc.Apple, Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.Stella is a trademark of High Performance Systems, Inc.Excel is a trademark of Microsoft, Inc.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- In this paper we present a program package which combines System Dynamics Simulation with programs for Interactive Multicriteria Optimization (IMO)The program package incorporates conventional well tested routines for nonlinear optimization, that do not require previous computations of derivatives, and methods to optimize a set of objective functions by progressive articulation of the user preferences between different criteria.To facilitate the user interaction, a special purpose man-machine interface have been included in the package. By means of this interface, the user can impose the required preferences structure by only expressing, in a linguistic way, his/her opinion about each objective in the current solution of the Interactive Multicriteria Optimization algorithm.The program package can be used to optimize a set of objective functions both in problems concerning the estimation of model parameters from historical data, and problems related with the search of optimal policies.The man-machine interface and optimization programs have been written in C and linked with the DYNAMO continuous systems simulation language to configurate the program package. The package can be used in IBM PC (or compatible) with a hard disk.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- System modeling and simulation is a complex technological activity, which methodological and conceptual analysis could suggest some new and interesting perspectives about the philosophical subject of the relationships between knowledge and reality.Of the three kinds of knowledge involved in the system dynamics model building process (mental models, reference modes and operational knowledge), mental models look like specially important, because they let us to express the ideas we have about the internal interactions we find in a real system and that produce a known behavior. From this mental model, we build the formal model, the system dynamics model.But, after that, it is very difficult to find out formal restrictions that let us to select a single model, because a behavior can be generated by different structures ( Searle 1980,1984; Zeigler 1976,1984). The internal realism of Hilary Putnam (Putnam 1981,1983,1987) allows us to understand why there is not an unique model able to pick up every single aspect of a real system and to clarify the interactive character of the modeling process and the important role that mental models, as a kind of knowledge, play.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- A key issue in building computer models for decision support with client groups is the elicitation of knowledge from the mental models of participants. The system dynamics model-building process is quite complex and consists of several stages each demanding different types of knowledge to be elicited from the client group. In this paper we discuss a structured approach, employing various techniques, for the elicitation of knowledge in formulating and analyzing a system dynamics model of the Dutch Health Care System.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- Many system dynamics modelers consider the process of model-building more important than the model itself. Model-building is supposed to generate considerable learning about a policy problem. Not only at the individual level but also at the organizational level. From the point of view of empirical evaluation research the question is how the occurrence of organizational learning as a consequence of a model-building process might be established. In this paper we will explore some of the key issues and difficulties involved in establishing organizational learning from model-building empirically.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- In the paper, a system dynamics model of the Dutch health care system will be discussed. The description of the model will start with so called ‘patients flows’. It will be followed by a description of the most important factors that affect the patient’s flows and the costs generated by the system. Having outlined the system dynamics model, the outcomes of three policy alternatives aimed at reducing the costs of health care will be examined. They will serve to demonstrate that the system dynamic model does have the potential to be used in workshops to elicit and increase the knowledge policy makers have regarding the problem of rising costs of health care.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- A simulation model of education and economy is used to analyze the education investment strategy in a region of China. The simulation results show the proportion of educational fees and investments must be suited to the economic developing level. Thus, it is necessary to continuously increase the proportions with economic growth. In order to be convenient for decision makers, a functional simulation support system is proposed.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper is focusing on study of influence of China’s recent economic adjustments and industrial structure changes on enterprises, particularly on these engaging in manufacturing. The paper analyzes major difficulties facing Shanghai, the largest industrial centre of China, and, using it as background, studies the decision-making strategy of a typical enterprise of Shanghai.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper study how to develop education, technology and economy coordinativetly in central cities. It outlines the kind of issues which analyze and study the ways of describing science and technology level. The importance of the paper has two points: out is an new method being applied to calculate industry output, another is the study guiding line to the three sectors(science and technology, education and economy) in their entirety. The policy suggestions will have significant reference to make central cities’ long term development strategies.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- By means of system dynamics, main development modes and strategies on entire coordinated development of science, technology, economy and society of China have been studied. The paper studies the existed development mode and the long term possible obstacles, unfavorable factors and some constraints to the development in its different stages are analyzed quantitatively in the paper. Some long term and short term strategies and policies for continuous and entire coordinated development are presented, based on the system simulation and quasi-optimization.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- Nonlinearity is the source of complexity. It gives rise to the change of the system behaviors, the evolution of structures and such phenomena as bifurcation, catastrophe, and even chaos. It is these phenomena, dovetailed with others, that weave out our multicolor and multifold world synergentically. With the development of science and technology, people become more and more interested in and capable of the study of nonlinearity so as to shed light on the nature of the world. In order to deal with nonlinearity more systematically, this paper elaborates a comprehensive description for the dynamical system. Then, we focus on the relationships between the characters of nonlinearity. We have successfully expounded some controversial concepts, cast new light on some important relations, and unified several concepts which are the central topics of many modern theories.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- A system dynamics model of socio-economic development of Harbin in China has been Presented in the framework of the integrated economy-energy-environment system planning.The model simulates the activity mechanism of national economy of Harbin by taking the fixed capital of each industrial sectors as a major variable and controls the system behavior by taking the gap of energy supply and the gap of energy investment as feedback signals. Therefore the pre-established development targets of national economy can be reached by readjusting the investment allocation and production structure towards elimination of the energy and investment gaps.Through a series of policy stimulation, several socio-economic development planning scenarios of Harbin for year 2000 have been Compared with each other by examining some key issues, such as growth rate, investment ratio, investment allocation tenancy and production structure readjustment ad well as the improvement of scientific, technical and managemental level, etc. the resulted policy suggestions were proposed with much attention being paid by decision maker authority.This model can run on the personal computer under the support of the Professional DYNAMO Plus software, and try to connect SD model to other technical model, such as energy forecasting model, multi-object optimum energy supple model, etc. An idea which is about SD co-operated with other methods has been presented and that is the direction of the system dynamics method development.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper describes the application of a system dynamics based three-stage methodology (Wolstenholme, 1990) for the assessment of computerized information (CIS), to a proposed military logistics information system.The system in question was nearing the end of the Requirements Definition phase of the System Life Cycle process. A Benefit Assessment had been carried out by the consultants responsible for the design of the system. The Tools used by them had, however, encouraged the conclusion that any improvement in the information system must have a positive effect on organizational effectiveness directly proportional to that level of improvement, and that the overall level of improvement is the sum of individual gains. No study of the interaction of the physical operation and the information system had been carried out.
-
Wei, Hongsen, "Introduction of System Dynamics in Urban (Regional) Coordinated Development Planning"
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This article presenting a summary and analysis of the theory and method of System Dynamics on the author’s experience in planning of the coordinated development of science, technology, economy and social advancement in such cities as Beijing, llarbin, Anshan and Baotou, is aimed to find out the advantage disadvantage of the S.D approach to urban planning as well as to improve upon it.System Dynamics which is considered in this article to draw on system theory, information science and cybernetics, especially the feedback control principle and computer simulation, is a scientific theory and method that can find an effective application to improving and planning a multi-factor, non-linear, dynamic and/or strategy. In actual planning of coordinated development of the Chinese policy or strategy. In actual planning of coordinated development of the Chinese cities and regions, S.D is found superior in six (6) points while left five (5) respects to be desired, so the idea of establishing the S.D. dominated comprehensive model system is this developed to enhance and strengthen the above planning process.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- Since the mid 1970s, System Dynamics has contributed to the resolution of a wide range of business and legal disputes including contract claims and re-negotiations, management prudency hearings for nuclear power programs, and inquiries into the effects of government regulations on various industries. In these settings, a System Dynamics model can provide an objective, “transparent” view if a complex and emotional situation. The model can represent what happened and why, and what would have happened if certain events or conditions had not occurred. It can provide a basis for determining responsibility for delays, cost escalation, poor product performance, reliability and safety problems, complex situations are easier to understand and evaluate. The models and analyses become frameworks for debate and settlement.This paper describes the context, processes, and behaviors associated with many business-related legal disputes. The role of System Dynamics is dispute resolution is discussed in general terms, and then illustrated with a recent example. The example is a large contract claim for “delay and disruption.” That term refers to the indirect, secondary, or ripple effects of events or conditions (e.g., design changes) impacting an aerospace, shipbuilding, software development, or similar program. Delay and disruption impacts can be very substantial. They are the most difficult aspect of a change negotiation or claim to handle, and are the source of the most acrimony and disagreement in such disputes. The background of this case, the lawsuit, how the model was introduced into the legal proceedings, and how it helped to achieve a settlement, are described in detail. The paper concludes with a discussion of the practical results obtained from using System Dynamics in dispute resolution.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper examines the role that building and using a System Dynamics model plays in developing consensus within the management teams facing key strategic decisions. It considers the concept of the shared view that emerges within the team as their individual views of the company, its industry, and the socioeconomic climate are articulated and compared as part of the model development process. Examples are given based on two actual consulting assignments in which differing views held with the team concerning the competitive environment and the general outlook for the business initially pointed to quite different strategies. During these studies the emergence of the consensus and an agreed strategy was considered a major benefit alongside the forecasts and quantitative evaluations the model provided. By adding to the commitment of the team, by assisting in the communication with others and in improving human resource management and organization design, the approach also offers further benefits in the implementation phase of strategy management.In its analysis and use of examples drawn form consulting situations, this paper has emphasized the dual benefit of this approach in the hard sense of providing forecasts and an objective framework for quantitative evaluations, and the soft sense in terms of building consensus in the management team.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- The appearance of Thomas Kuhn’s Structure of Scientific Revolutions engendered considerable discussion about the nature of scientific change. Kuhn challenges the prevailing view of science as a continuous, logical enterprise by attempting to debunk science’s myth of rationalism. As an historian as well as philosopher of science, he attempts to explain science’s extraordinary success not by developing methodological cannons divorced form scientific practice, but by looking at how scientists actually work.( Lakatos and Musgrave 1970, 236-237).Acknowledging the philosophical importance of actual scientific practice is controversial. Kuhn’s critics question both his characterization of science as mostly “puzzle –solving”, as well as his claim that such practice is necessary for scientific development. It will not be the task of this essay to rehearse these still unresolved debates. That is better left to the historians and philosophers. Rather, I would like to recognize another important contribution to the discussion, one that is orthogonal to any other that I know of. In “The Growth of Knowledge: Testing a Theory of Scientific Revolutions with a Formal Model,” John Sterman has built a model of Kuhn’s account of scientific change. He asks not whether Kuhn’s theory is dynamically consistent. He is interested in whether the behavior Kuhn describes (i.e. , paradigm emergence, normal science, crisis and revolution) actually follows logically from the assumptions Kuhn makes. To do so he constructs a system Dynamics computer model.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- The last decade has been the accelerated development of what Yadav and Chand term “Organization Support Systems”- large scale, complex and extremely expensive computer based information systems (Yadav, 1989). The cost associated with such systems has increased the requirement for a sound methodology to evaluate the expected operational benefits and drawbacks resulting from their implementation, at as early a stage in the system life cycle as possible.An extensive survey of the literature in the field of information system evaluation, with a particular focus in the methodologies, tools and performance measures being used in practice, preceded the development of the methodology reported in this paper, and is presented in full elsewhere(Watts 1990).This paper comments on the findings from the review and reports on the development of a system dynamics based methodology for the assessment of proposed computer-based information systems (CIS), in terms of their potential to support organizational objectives.The methodology has been evaluated by application to two military CIS, at different stages in the system life cycle. These cases are reported separately(Watts and Wolstenholme, 1990; Henderson and Wolstenholme, 1990), but the indications are that the methodology can contribute throughout the system life cycle y providing a continuing reminder of the relevance of the CIS to the real-world system which is intended to support.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- A System Dynamics model of an ecological system consisting of two patchily distributed populations is constructed to study the effects of inter-patch colonization on the persistence of the species. The model structure is primarily composed of the negative feedback loops dominant in local (within-patch) population regulation and a regional positive feedback loop coupled with two negative loops which regulate the inter-patch species colonization.The simulation results show that with colonization the population system always persists if at least one of the populations is larger that a minimum viable population size (MVP). If the species has sufficiently large colonizing ability, the populations are always able to reach the carrying capacity. Otherwise, the population with below MVP, there are two possibilities depending on the magnitude of species colonization ability: (1) both stabilize at the carrying capacity level and (2) both go extinct. The simulations also demonstrate that delays in colonization and population regulation may have distinctive impacts on species persistence and dynamics of the population system. The study may provide useful information for species conservation and design of nature reserves.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- In recent years, increased public awareness of the health and productivity costs associated with the use of cocaine and its potent derivative “crack” has served to heighten concern and renew debate over the most effective strategies for managing the drug problem. This paper presents a preliminary system dynamics model of the international cocaine trade. The initial model incorporates the various stages of the cocaine system from source country production to final consumption including: primary resource allocation and production; cocaine production; cocaine production and export; and U.S. demand, import, pricing, and consumption. The model is used to examine an ensemble of policies proposed by the National Strategy for Drug Control (White House 1989). Simulation results show the capacity of the system to exhibit a wide array of behavior modes depending on the type of intervention being applied and the aspect of the problem being targeted. Of particular interest from a policy standpoint is the implication of delays in physical and information flows for generating divergent short and long term policy results. Findings suggest a comprehensive approach combining demand and supply side policy leverage represents the most effective management strategy.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- Inflation is one of the most troublesome problems China is recently faced with in the course of the economy reform. The inflation takes place in the form of general price rising. It becomes more serious and is greatly obstructing the healthy development of China’s economy. This situation results from many factors including the biased trend of the reform strategy, the deviations in implementation policies, the defects of the economic system, etc. The conventional theory about money amount has been used to analyze inflation before. This analytic method specially indicates the view point that inflation with no exception is a kind of money phenomenon by stressing the causal relationships between money amount and general price level, but it considers money supply as an exogenous variable controlled by the government’s policies and ignores the effect and restrictions from other economic factors. Therefore there are some limitations of this method in real uses. For this reason a new approach of system dynamic is put forward in the present paper. A dynamic model composed of a monetary market section, a commodity market section and a regulation section is developed. On the model a series of policy tests mainly concerning the two economy levers of price and interest rate are simulated with the consideration of china’s special situation. The cause and mechanism of suggestions are also made for elimination or controlling the inflation. The results of the paper may provide worthful references for China’s further economy reform.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- The rapid growth caused very serious environmental pollutions in Taiwan. This paper attempts to use the system dynamics methodology to construct a simple model to study the trade-offs between economic growth and environmental pollutions. The model is structured with feedback loops among three sectors; The government, the general public, and the industries. Environmental regulations with various implementation times and strengths are tested in the model to examine their effects on the smoothness of the economy and pollution changing pattern. The results show that a timely not-so-strict environmental regulation combined with an environmental education measure focused on lowering expectation on economic rate may be a better choice for Taiwan to go through the tough time more smoothly.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1990
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
- Description:
- This paper constructs a system dynamics model on macroscopic management of a college which is based on an actual system operation of the college. The students, staff, fixed capital, finance, teaching and research as sectors are included in the model. Facing several important problems influencing development of the college various policy experiments are operated on the model. The experimental results show that the key factors influencing the system and what the possible approaches solving these problems are.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- Blood is a scarce and non-synthesizable resource which would perish eventually when kept under artificial storage. The major problem encountered in blood bank administration is that of making decision on policies for setting up inventory levels to meet the needs as soon as they arise and simultaneously keep the expiry of blood on the shelf within reasonable limits. The selection of such policies is greatly influenced by demand, daily transfusion, shortages, outdating and shortage-outdate rates. A true mathematical inventory modelling is nearer to impossibility due to the complexity of interaction between these variables and the stochastic nature of the processes involved.Early works have shown that there exists a universal relationship between these variables that holds for all blood types. Statistical methods will yield the inventory levels to be set up on the basis of these variables. But this warrants cumbersome analysis of extensive data collected over a minimum period of 12 months. The volume of work involved makes this method unwieldy. Simulation tending towards a systems approach appears to be more effective and efficient in the analysis of such inventory situations. The objective of this study is to investigate and analyse with the use of computer simulation, the relationship between inventory levels , mean demand and shortage-outdate rates for all Rh system blood types in at centrally located blood bank of a metropolis like Bombay. Environmental study of present day management of independant blood banks has also been performed.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- As an archipelagic nation, Indonesia consist of thousands of island ecosystems. The development of the nation is supposed to consider such a specific existing ecological condition of the country. Therefore, as an alternative effort to promulgate a strategy for sustainable development of the nation, a study of Java as a complex island ecosystem has been conducted using dynamic modelling approach. The objective of the study is to delineate and assess the prospects of various dominate development variables of the island based on complex but measurable interactions among the components of the ecosystem to determine the most effective development strategy for the area. A dynamic model for Java Island Ecosystem has been set up based on 14 level variables in the model that represent five components of the island ecosystem, i.e. population variable for population component, food, houses, and fuel variables for population basic need component; industry-capital agriculture-capital, and business-capital variables for economic component; schools and criminals variables for social component; forest arable-land, agricultural-land, city, and pollutants variables for ecological component. Each level has either has two or four rate variables is then interrelated by 72 multiplier variables that sum up to 30 rate variables. In addition, these variable is then interrelated by 72 multiplier variables. A computer program has been developed using a complied basic language to exercise simulation process. The result of study indicated that the best strategy for development of Java Island Ecosystem should be focused to the intensive program on modern agriculture rather than the industrial establishment of the area. (The computer simulation program will also be demonstrated to the conference ).
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- The role of oil has been traditionally dominating the economic development in Indonesia sine the country launched its first national development program in 1969. Now with the increasing domestic oil demand and the dwindling oil reserve in the country, the future prospect of oil supply is quite alarming. Natural gas which emerges to take part of oil role has not gained substantial market in the domestic market, although export shows a promising figures. This paper is endeavored to analyze the policies in oil and gas sector to help decision maker formulate his policy to get the most achievement of his objectives.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- This paper analyses the roles of key policy measures for the development of petrochemical industry in Indonesia based on indigenous oil and gas resources. Policy experimentation for the petrochemical industry development is carried out through a simulation model of the industry. The results show that a combination of policy instruments is needed for achieving the various objectives and that the performances of policies can vary widely between the short-run and the short long-run.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- The rising population and the expanding pace of the cities lead to the environmental deterioration. The serious environmental problem has increasingly brought attention to people. This paper provides an effective model for studying and the solving this problem.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- A system Dynamics (SD) model was developed in the beginning of the eighties to study and analyse the system behaviour and also the suggest policies for future growth of the Indian Tea Industry. The findings from a Delphi study were used in constructing the SD model and in formulating policies for the desired future growth industry. This paper makes an attempt to compare the actual growth industry. This paper makes an attempt to compare the actual growth pattern of the Indian Tea Industry vis-a-vis the growth of other relevant factors with the predictions made by the Delphii panelists and those generated by the SD model. The reasons for variations in the growth patterns have also been explored.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- This paper reports the results of additional work on a model of escalation behavior since presentation of an early version of the model at the 1988 International Conference of the System Dynamics Society (Radzicki, Bowen, Kuller, and Guerrero, 1988). Here we propose that four variables: (1) the expected total benefits which will accrue if a project is completed; (2) the expected total costs which will be incurred if a project is completed; (3) the expected total benefits which will accrue only if a project is stopped; and, (4) the expected total costs which will be incurred only if a project is stopped; may be crucial to recommitment decisions in terms of a decision maker’s perception of their interrelationships at any point in the evolution of a course of action
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- This paper presents a model that attempts to examine what happens when an innovation takes a less tangible form, such as a managerial method. Because it is more difficult to track the adoption or measure the benefits of such innovations, organizations often fail to use valuable knowledge when attempting to solve difficult problems. Existing research suggests that intangible managerial innovations are more likely to be adopted if a group of adherents develops to support and foster innovation. This research investigates the role that these groups, often called “invisible colleges” play in this transfer of knowledge. A preliminary system-type model, based on the existing literature is presented and discussed.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- This paper describes a process used by Shell Business Consultancy to model manpower in an IT department. The IT world has been undergoing rapid changes in the last decade due to a highly mobile job market, skill shortages and the widespread use of contractors. Given these problems, it is important that management understand the implications of personnel policies. Shell Business Consultants built a STELLA model with the managers involved to focus their attention on the key issues and to enable them to actively explore policy options. The paper focuses on the process used in this project and combines it with our other experience to draw some generally applicable lessons that should be of use to all practitioners.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- System dynamics models are usually formulated from verbal descriptions of problems. To define such models, one maps the verbal description into a set of equations. This mapping process remains much of an art despite the use of causal diagrams, to extract from the verbal descriptions the variables (nouns or noun combinations) and the direction, degree of independence and polarity of the relationships to be included in the simulation model. This paper presents an attempt to formalize the translation of verbal descriptions into causal diagrams. The proposed methodology is based on the decomposition of the text into a sequence of inferences. All the nouns and adjective-noun combinations in each inference are then identified and inserted into an adjacency matrix to facilitate the selection of the relevant variables and polarized relationships by the modeler. Implementation of this method on a computer is discussed. A preliminary solution is presented. The description a simple environmental impact problem is mapped into a causal diagram using the proposed approach for illustrative purposes.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- This game falls into the category of analysis and participation techniques. As is well known, gaming simulations are one of the tools available to analyse and investigate systems behaviours, mainly socio-economic ones.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- In this paper we construct a method for solving the problem of optimizing the maximal deviation of the real plan (or the trajectory, the technological process . . . ) from some ideal one. The mathematical model of the dynamical system being considered is a system of linear differential equations with a control function. The method is based on some ideas of the so-called support method proposed by R. Gabasov and F.M. Kirillova.After introducing support controls and establishing their relation with controllability of the system, we derive a criterion (which can be easily verified) for a support control to be optimal. Then we briefly describe an iteration for improving the existing control if it has not been optimal yet. Finally we present an illustrative example.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- This study reviews the R&D Project Model developed by Richardson and Pugh III (1981) with a view to apply it to construction project management. Analysis of the model behaviors is done taking into consideration the three prime objectives of project management: meeting specified performance, within cost; and on construction project management is made. Experimentation with the revised model attempts to identify appropriate policies regarding how to improve construction project management.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- A new urban water resources use and forecasting model constructed by comprehensive considering the balance between the supply and demand of the water resources system to an industry city and the feedback relationship of the water resources control policy, and by applying DYNAMO language is presented in this paper. It can give more rational data of urban water resources simulation and planning than that given by the growth rate trend forecasting method.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- This paper uses a system framework to understand the performance of Quality Control Circles (Q.C.C.). A system dynamics model is constructed integrating the Q.C.C. with the production process; the previous studies have examined each system separately. The study partly based on previous studies and the data from the real case of Thailand Steel Plant. It incorporates some of the important factors interfacing each sector into a complete model. Interpretation of the model builds in a cumulative fashion, from computer simulation and testing of individual sectors, an understanding of the performance of Q.C.C. Sensitivity analysis and policy analysis of Q.C.C. is included in the experimental design. Those the sensitive and insensitive policies of Q.C.C. are studied. However, the model on basis for simulating the impact of various strategic policy decisions on the company preference. The model also guides the management in designing policies related to the implementation of Q.C.C. are also identified. It is expected that the model of this study will provide the understanding of the interaction between the Q.C.C. and the production process.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- Disparities, both sectoral and regional, always exist during the process of national economic development. The disparities between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors of Taiwan have steadily increased due to the rapid industrial and economic growth encourage by the government. Awareness of the effect from the physical development on regional disparity has risen since the enforcement of the Six-Year Economic Development Plan in 1976. In the Taiwan Area, four regional plans have been drafted and successively enforced in order to decreased such regional disparities.The purpose of this paper is: (1) to study the regional disparities in Taiwan based on average per capita income and employment opportunity as indicators on four regional planning regions; (2) to develop a system dynamics model to portray the relationship between transportation and regional development disparities in Taiwan; and (3) to provide a future direction for regional policy based on conclusions drawn from the result of (1) and (2).
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- :This paper describes the contribution of recent Apple Macintosh and system Dynamics software to improving the interaction between analyst and user in the development and the use of strategic models for assessing and designing large scale computer information systems (CIS).
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- In the assessment of strategic policy, greater use of system dynamics models will not be encouraged unless attention is given to the role of the model in the policy process. It’s proper role is to offer improved understanding and insights in the milieu of policy deliberation, but not necessarily to offer ’answers’. System dynamics model can be seen as providing computer based scenarios of the future - - a range of possible paths of which none is assured. The ideas of boardroom systems and group decision support systems offer, respectively, a hardware and a software infrastructure which sustains the assimilation of a formal model into the policy process.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- Defining new complex societal domain exceeded problems in fast changing situations is not an easy task. Problems like the exponential growth of the metropolitans and AIDS are very hard to define. Relevant data and knowledge is often missing. There is a large amount of uncertainty and blind spots concerning the different aspects of the problem. Yet these problems require guiding. Before one is able to guide a problem, the problem has to be identified. The way problems are guided depends on the definition of the problem. Managers and experts often mis the knowledge and experience on how to define these kinds of problems. Traditional education didn’t give much off a opportunity to learn defining these kind of problems. Defining complex domain exceeded problems is teamwork. Experts of different domains must work together to define the problem. This can cause a lot of communication problems concerning the context boundness of each others knowledge. System dynamic modelling can be a tool in defining these kinds of problems. System dynamic modelling can be a guide for structuring the different mental models of the participants. It can serve as a mutual language for communication. Managers and experts can be trained defining complex domain exceeded problems in using system dynamic modelling tools in a special learning environment with real cases imbedded in a free-form game. This paper will report also on some try-outs with system dynamic modeling for defining the AIDS problem by social science students of the University of Utrecht.
-
- Type:
- Document
- Date Created:
- 1991
- Collection:
- System Dynamic Society Records
- Collecting Area:
- University Archives
- Collection ID:
- ua435
- Parent Record(s):
- 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
- Description:
- A methodology for linking transport, user benefits, and succeeding economic development, so as to provide a basis for rational policy formation, is presented. The approach consists of developing relationships between variables in casual streams from policy parameters to measures of effectiveness and expressing them in the form of a generic model. The generic model is solved analytically and subjected to policy analysis.