Online Content

1. Gould, Janet M. with David P. Kreutzer, "Interactive Computer Graphic Technologies for Representing System Dynamics Model Structure and Behavior: New Tools for Marketing and Teaching System Dynamics"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/zg64v4253?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:36:32Z
Description:
Several interactive computer graphics technologies are now available that can provide powerful tools which enhance our ability to conceptualize, implement, and communicate complicated system dynamics model structure and behavior thereby giving us opportunities to improve our effectiveness as researchers, consultants and educators. This paper gives an overview of several projects utilizing interactive computer graphics and evaluates their significance for system dynamics. Included in this discussion are: 1) computer aided design systems for “automagic” design and updating of overview, policy structure, flow, and causal loop diagrams, 2) computer teaching games and self-paced interactive computer aided instruction packages designed for personal computers; 3) review of the new Micro-DYNAMO and Hewlett-Packard plotting software from Pugh-Roberts, 4) computer networks, computer conference based academic programs for the general public, and network indexed video cassette extension libraries of system dynamics presentations and seminars; 5) interactive computer driven video disk processors with touch sensitive screens allowing a modeller multimodal access to overview, subsystem, policy-structure, causal loop and flow diagrams, table functions, documentors, and DYNAMO equations on the same system; and 6) two- and three- dimensional representations and animations of model behavior on multicolor dynamic displays driven by computer and video disks. These developments are assessed with respect to their possible contribution to the growth of system dynamics as a field, dissemination of system dynamics methodologies and to the implementation of policy recommendations. Because of falling prices for software and hardware, the explosion in interest in personal computers, the exponential growth in their functionality, and the current state of the field, we believe the next two decades will be the phase of most rapid growth for system dynamics.

2. Graham, Alan K. with David P. Kreutzer, "Strategies for Converting to New Technologies: Computer Graphics in the Color Printing Industry"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/zw12zp908?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:36:33Z
Description:
A number of challenges face firms that need to decide when and whether to convert from technologies to new computer-based technologies. Such is the case with lithographic setup shops, which prepare photos for color printing; they must choose between continuing with traditional craft methods or acquiring digital image-processing equipment. Pioneering firms can be saddled with experimental, undependable, and expensive prototype systems. Rapid technological changes still occurring in digital systems can allow competitors who invest later to obtain cheaper, more effective equipment. But firms investing later may find themselves paying for the large investment just when most competitors are established in the new technology and competition has forced prices and profits to low levels.In order to create an organizing framework for analyzing and developing conversion strategies for these firms, we worked in collaboration with Inter/Consult, the project's sponsor, to build a system dynamics model of the color process industry, its market, and a typical firm. The primary purpose of the moel is to provide a clear understanding of the impact these major capital investments will have on the profit structure of lithographic setup shops and to help these shops develop effective conversion strategies. A secondary purpose of the model is to aid digital image-processing equipment suppliers in understanding their market and to provide them with a toll for generating alternative scenarios given different assumptions about economic trends, technological developments, prices, market size and composition. The model serves as a strategy support system that allows clients to derive scenarios explicitly from causal assumptions and to evaluate alternative investment strategies.

3. Graham, Alan K. with Alexander L. Pugh, "Behavior Analysis Software for Large DYNAMO Models"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/6q1833663?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:36:34Z
Description:
An experimental software package is being used as an extension to the DYNAMO IV compiler to linearize the model at any point during a simulation, compute the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the linearized system, identify the levels important in producing each behavior mode, and compute the elasticity of a given eigenvalue (corresponding to elasticiy of period and damping) with respect to all model parameters. The package is intended to help modelers understand the causes of behavior in very complex models, both for debugging implausible behavior, and for presenting the causes of plausible behavior more convincingly. The package is able to work for the System Dynamics National Model, a model of around 300 levels. Practical experience has uncovered some difficulties in making the analysis useful,, but these are being surmounted. The experience suggests that mathematical methods should be used extensively “in the field” before being offered as candidates for expanding the paradigm of System Dynamics modeling.

4. Guenneguez, Lysiane with Louis Breton, "A Methodology to Built System Dynamics about Agricultural and Lumberig Products Markets"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/x346dn81k?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:36:35Z
Description:
For four years, the authers have been studying agricultural products markets with this year a development on lumber market. Search goals are not only to understand market working processes but also to define for each of then the M.I.S. necessary to permit some control by interprofessional organisations specially on price levels. The paper presents in a first step two building model approaches: One is a pragmatic approach, formalised by Buffa, Cuzo, Bonini, Boulden, Cetenick, Rosenzweig, on San Diego meeting, A.M.A., in 1970, the other is a theoretical approach by Bross, Schoderbeck, New -York in 1971, and Kaplan, Scranton in 1964. In a second type, the use of System Dynamics approach is confronted with these two first methods specially on noted research area, In conclusion, results of our models are discussed.

5. Vasarhelyi , Miklos, "Counterintuitive Economic Consequences of Accounting Policies: A Dynamic Analysis"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/zc77t792q?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:37:32Z
Description:
This paper uses a system dynamics simulation methodology to assess the potential effects of new accounting policies being considered by rule formulating bodies. The key objective of this paper is to demonstrate that current ex-ante intuitive assessment of the effect of proposed accounting rules is inadequate due to the counterintuitive nature of economic consequences in a complex social system. For this purpose a very simplified model of he US economy is developed and its parameters varied to reflect potential accounting policy changes. The effects of these policy changes are shown to be counterintuitive in nature, requiring consideration of second and third harmonics of the feedback loops for adequate ex-ante impact assessment. This paper is divided into six parts: the first part describes alternate approaches to economic consequence assessment and the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing the system dynamics methodology; the second part describes the skeleton of the system dynamics model; the third part examines the measurement problems of rates, levels, and delays as well as reviews the details of their computation for model formulation; the fourth part discusses the problems and results of model validation efforts; the fifth part describes some of the results obtained from application of the model, and their meaning in comparison with traditional methodologies for accounting impact analysis; the sixth part concludes by suggesting the next step for macro-accounting modeling: evaluating the potential and shortcomings of this methodology.

6. Van Buren, Gregory with David H. Goodstein, "Development of a Casual User Interface for Simulation Models"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/6d570f031?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:37:31Z
Description:
:One of the traditional obstacles to effective utilization of simulation models has been the great deal of time spent learning languages in which models are written and keeping track of the specific variable names and equations within models. To remove the excessive psychological burden from busy executives and to refocus attention towards the actual behavior being replicated, Inter/Consult has been researching development of highly supportive user interfaces to models. These interfaces prompt users by stating the nature of the model’s assumptions then asking what changes they would like to make. Through this on-line question-and-answer dialog users can build and compare scenarios without prior knowledge of computer languages and mathematical formulas or specific model components. Our paper presents reactions to the interface by members of the graphic arts industry who have used it. We discuss further improvements which are being made to the interface to make our models more accessible to non-expert users. Finally we explain why we feel that tightly-focused, easy-to-use, dynamic simulation models are of invaluable benefit to any industry such as graphic arts where craft-oriented skills are being replaced by rapidly evolving new technologies.

7. Wang, Qifan with John D. Sterman, "A Disaggregate Population Model of China"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/5999nn005?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:37:33Z
Description:
A disaggregate population model of China is presented. The age structure is represented by one-year cohorts. Urban and rural populations are distinguished. Birth and death rates, family size, life expectancy, and other demographic variables are determined endogenously. The model can be used to analyze population problems and to project population size, the age structure, the adult labor force, the elderly population, and so on. The model can be used in two modes. It can be used to project the consequences of various exogenous fertility levels. Alternatively, birth rates and fertility can be determined endogenously by economic inputs such as food supply, GDP, and services. The model incorporates socioeconomic factors important in the demographic transition, such as the effect of perceived life expectancy on fertility, the effects of traditional values, and the ability of government to influence family fertility choices. The model can be used to evaluate policies and programs designed to control population growth, such as delayed marriage age, improved contraception, and restrictions on family size. The model requires industrial, service, and food output per worker as inputs, and also the level of pollution. The model should be thought of as a component of a comprehensive planning model which generates these inputs endogenously. Based on the system dynamics approach to modeling complex systems, the model is implemented in the DYNAMO simulation language.

8. Torrealdea, F.with J. M. Graña, "Some Ideas for a History Dynamics Model"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1983
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, cf82ceba47eedd73f41b00918de16477, and b0aa2a699b54f0d19f6a9d93bdbcfa18
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/z029pp33j?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:37:30Z
Description:
In this paper some of the ideas of Ortega y Gasset about the dynamics of history have been gathered and organized according to the system dynamics diagrams. A cyclic process, characteristic of every normal course of history, is described as well as the dynamics hypothesis responsible for it. Human life, as far as it affects history, is shown as being composed of five age groups each of them covering fifteen years of life. Two of these groups, two generations acting simultaneously in the field of history, are presented as taking the main responsibility for the dynamics of history.

9. Graham, Alan K. with D. Neal Scogin, "Generic Models as Educational Tools: Teaching About Managing Technology Conversions"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/6m312660x?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:40Z
Description:
“Generic models,” as the term is emerging, denotes a model representing the underlying causes of commonly occuring sets of problems, whose purpose is for education, rather than for policy analysis per se. Preliminary uses of generic models have been an exciting and efficient means of transmitting insights. This paper is a status report on the modeling of a company's conversion to a new production or product technology. Based on information sources including in-depth interviews within such companies, the authors' previous experiences, and published surveys and cases, the planned model focuses on management goals, staffing, and acquisitions of the skills necessary to deal with the new technology or product. Although the model does not explain every (complete or partial) implementation failure, it seems relevant to a significant fraction of such failures. The authors intend to develop the model and curriculum materials for management education and portions of university courses on technology management.

10. Homer, Jack B., "'By Prescription Only': A Computer Simulation Game for Understanding the Emergence of New Medical Treatments"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/cf95jv55d?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:43Z
Description:
This paper presents a computerized system dynamics game in which the player makes "annual" decisions controlling the availability and evaluation of a new medical product with uncertain potential and possible (though initially undetected) side effects. The game has been implemented using the popular spreadsheet program Lotus 1-2-3. This program has on-screen display capabilities allowing for the construction of a user-friendly game that requires no knowledge of system dynamics. A detailed discussion of game mechanics is followed by a description of a classroom experience which led to further development of the original version of the game and some general insights about game-building.

11. Hines, James H., "System Dynamics National Model Interest Rate Formulation: Theory and Estimation"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/3r075b84j?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:42Z
Description:
Within the MIT System Dynamics National Model, the risk-free interest rate is determined jointly by the normal interest rate and by liquidity. The normal rate is the rate which agents believe would obtain under normal circumstances, in the absence of transitory pressures. The normal rate continually adjusts to new interest rate conditions. During times of deficient liquidity, agents will increase the risk-free rate above the normal rate. The converse also holds. The risk-free rate will continue to adjust until pressures in the system are relaxed. Estimation results support the national model theory of interest rate formation.

12. Gupta, N.K. with Krishan Kumar Garga, "Future of Aluminium Demand in India-A System Dynamics Approach"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/st74d8861?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:41Z
Description:
Although there are more than 3000 end uses of aluminium in the world and more than 300 in India, yet there are five sectors viz. power, consumer durables, transport, building consturction canning and packaging which account for more than 90% of aluminium consumption. To study the dynamics of demand of aluminium in these sectors, system dynamics model having various sectors viz. Population, economy, power, consumer durables, construction, packaging and canning, transport and aluminium consumption model has been simulated from 1970 to 2000 A.D. using dynamo.

13. Lodwick, Weldon A. Lodwick and Ralph Levine, "Finding Qualitative Behavior Modes: The Use of Interval Analysis to Perform Sensitivity, Stability, and Error Analysis on Dynamic Models"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/2j62sn352?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:53Z
Description:
A method is described and illustrated for explicit incorporation of and computation with ranges of initial conditions, functions, and parameter values in dynamic models using interval analysis. This approach is neither a statistical nor fuzzy set analysis but instead utilizes interval arithmetic which is particularly well suited for computerization. When a dynamic model is couched in interval analytic terms, ranges of all possible solutions are generated allowing not only an analysis of ranges of behavior modes but for sensitivity and stability analysis to be performed as a natural part of the model. Moreover, uncertainties such as specification, numerical method (e.g., numerical integration), and roundoff errors can also be analyzed in conjunction with or separate from the interval dynamic model.

14. Maday, Clarence J., "Dynamic Scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing Systems"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/pg15bz174?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:55Z
Description:
Mid-volume, mid-variety operations characterize flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) or job-shops found in most factories. Profitability of FMS depends upon effective scheduling of material flow, machine use, staffing, and buffer capacities. Many systems adjust to changes in demand and equipment failure in the long term. In the short term, however, large changes may occur in inventories, staffing requirements, and machine utilization. In general, these large changes reduce production efficiency and profits. An approach is demonstrated for attenuating or eliminating changes or swings in a system when there occurs some abrupt change. Delays and delay parameters in the system model are adjusted, subject to practical constraints, to produce a smooth and rapid transition after the change. A simple econometric model is used for illustration. A symbolic and algebraic manipulation language is required to implement the approach.

15. Levine, Ralph L. with Mary Van Sell and Beth Rubin, "A Model of Burnout in the Work Place"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/qf85nv50s?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:52Z
Description:
Burnout is a problem associated with work in social service organizations. It is characterized by loss of energy, negative attitudes, and decreased performance. This system dynamics model encompasses the literature on burnout and belongs to a general class of stress and motivational models which describe problems of alcoholism and sexual harassment in the work place, etc. The gap between performance and professional expectations generates physical and psychological fatigue, which decreases involvement and performance. Supervisors frequently ignore the workers' problems, but will initiate structure when quality is perceived to decrease. The gap between expectations and performance may account for burnout initially, but cannot account for maintaining burnout after expectations decrease. Learned helpless may be the mechanisms that sustains burnout.

16. Lyneis, James M., "Leverage and the Performance of Electric Utilities: How Feedback Assumptions Affect Policy Conclusions"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1985
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 8cc5e98280358f60c3a33cc99e75a20e, and 11576afb39e5cd4a779a3912c119ca81
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/b85165556?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:38:54Z
Description:
Many electric utilities have a heavily debt-laden capital structure. A number of factors have contributed to this situation, but chief among them is the theory that increased debt improves a corporation's earnings per share. This theory is derived from a relatively simple financial model which relates earnings per share, capital structure, interest costs, and income. Using a more comprehensive model, this paper shows that reducing debt as a percentage of capital structure can improve the interest coverage, earnings per share, and market price per share of electric utilities.

17. Andretta, M. with M. Lugaresi, P. Mazzanti and R. Serra, "MAPS: an Expert Advisor for the Qualitative Analysis of Dynamical Systems"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/j6731m816?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:39:40Z
Description:
The analysis of the evolution of non linear dynamical systems is a complex task. The cases where: i) the model equations can be regarded as a careful and reliable representation of the real system and, therefore, need no revision or modification; ii) the parameter values are precisely known; iii) the initial conditions are precisely known, are rather rare. At least one of the previous conditions is not fulfilled in most of the systems of interest for System Dynamicists. Therefore qualitative analysis of dynamical systems, i.e. the study and classification of their asymptotic behaviours, is of extreme importance, at least in long term models.The methodologies of knowledge representation recently developed in the field of expert systems can be applied to this problem. We therefore developed MAPS, an expert advisor for the qualitative analysis of dynamical systems. MAPS takes the system equations as input, classifies them according to their features and performs the necessary calculations at each stage, sending appropriate messages to the modelist. At present MAPS deals with autonomous second order systems of ordinary differential equations. Further developments are foreseen concerning the study of higher order sytems and the design of an "equations database" for comparison with previously analyzed equations.

18. Andersen, David F. with Catherine Crawford, Sue R. Faerman and Erik Mosekilde, "A Simulation Model of Occupational Injury and Illness Causation and Regulation"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/7p88d1013?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:39:39Z
Description:
The United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates the level of occupational safety and health within firms and inspects firms for violations of its regulations. Regression-based evaluations of occupational health and safety conditions in the United States generally conclude that OSHA's regulation fails to increase either the level of safety or safety-related investment. However, case studies and other forms of qualitative research suggest that regulation does increase both. Resolving this discrepancy requires a research strategy that combines elements of qualitative research and quantitative research. Simulation modelling can be used to bridge these two methods. Generally, the research project constructs a simulation model of accident generation within firms, generates synthetic data from variations of the model, and evaluates the sensitivity of regression methods to variations in the model. This paper presents the structure and base run behavior of the model used in this research project.

19. Antunes, Paula with António Camara, "A New Approach to Environmental Impact Assessment"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/j6731m82g?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:39:41Z
Description:
A new approach to Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), based on system dynamics concepts is presented in this paper. System dynamics models will however be useful in EIA only if people are able to develop"good" models. The conceptual basis for building an expert system designed to guide people in developing system dynamics models is introduced in this work. Such an expert system will have two main modules: a system dynamics component, which will include basic system dynamics concepts and heuristics; and a specific application component, which will consist of the main relations and rules governing a givenenvironmental area. The system will also include an interface with a dynamic simulation language and with a decision aiding formulation.

20. Arif, M. Tasrif with Khalid Saeed, "Economic Growth and Development Policy in Oil Dependent Indonesia"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/05742834f?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:39:42Z
Description:
This study uses a system dynamics model to understand the process of economic growth in the oil dependent economy of Indonesia. Many long-run growth patterns resulting from the various intuitively appealing development policies are analysed and an attempt is made to identify the best policy set for attaining a sustainable growth pattern. The study shows that influencing factor prices in a way to facilitate adoption of capital intensive technologies increases acceleration of growth and is a key policy to sustain growth in the long run.

21. Richardson, George P. with David F. Andersen and Robert E. Lamitie, "Modeling School Finance Policy Using Simulation to Test A Priori Assumptions"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/cz30q9933?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:25Z
Description:
In many of the United States, attempts to reform the funding of public education to reduce disparities among school districts have been disappointing. For this study of state aid-to-education in Connecticut, a system dynamics model of local district budgeting behavior was formulated, replicated seven times to represent all the school districts in Connecticut divided into seven clusters, and linked to a state-aid sector that dispenses aid according to the state's current guaranteed wealth formula. Simulations of a single cluster and the seven-cluster model suggest that the guaranteed wealth formula will not, by itself, narrow the gap in per-pupil expenditures in rich and poor districts, as intended. The study described is a relatively pure case of policy modeling designed not to confirm hypotheses but rather to draw inferences from puzzling sets of assumptions about state and local behavior. Reflecting on this case, we suggest six conditions that appear to indicate that a policy problem is ripe for the sort of contingent, inference-generating analysis illuminated by the Connecticut study. Some speculative methodological connections to cognitive science are also suggested."

22. Saeed, Khalid, "Limits to National Development:& Resources or Resource Allocation Processes?"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/ft8498116?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:28Z
Description:
This paper re-examines the economic development problem and establishes that organizational arrangements underlying resource use at the social, political, and ecological levels, not shortage of resources per se, or their inefficient employment, are responsible for creating conditions of underdevelopment and for the failure of the well-intentioned economic development efforts made in the past. Three levels of national organization are examined: the social level which is concerned with the production and distribution of income among various cross-sections of society; the political level where decisions are made to allocate resources to public welfare or to maintaining control over the public; and the ecological level where a resource mix is selected for use on the basis economic and technological considerations. The analysis is based on three separate formal system dynamics models of the resource allocation processes dealing with each of the three levels of national organization discussed above. Appropriate institutional arrangements for fostering sustained national growth are explored.

23. Rodriguez Delgado, Rafael System Dynamics in a G.S.T. Framework"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/dr26zf76t?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:27Z
Description:
Systems Theory has developed without inner coordination.The General Theory has been general in the sense of trying to reach a global viewpoint from the perspectives of science and philosophy. But it has not perceived its structure as a whole. It has grown in complexity without integrating its parts.Systems Dynamics has expanded in relative isolation. It has developed into a closed methodology with fixed principles and structure. To a great extent it has been equated to the Forrester's methodology applied to industrial, urban and global systems.It would be valuable to place the Dynamic approach in a wider context. It is assumed here that in a General Systems methodological framework the same system can be considered from three different, but complementary, viewpoints: Static, Dynamic and Dialectic. It is also assumed that closeness and openess of systems are relative states and that analysis and synthesis should have analogous methodological weight.Systems Dynamics appears as a central node in a systemic methodology that should integrate different approaches and viewpoints into a coherent whole.

24. Roa, Laura with A. Cantero, A Solis Galera and A.Franco, "Computer Model of the Renal Filter Control System"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/4t64h579r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:26Z
Description:
A mathematical model and digital computer simulation of the human renal filtration controls are herein developed. The purpose of the model is to provide a method of analysing renal filtration control hypotheses which cannot easily be tested in an animal or human. The method used in the construction of the model was system dynamics.We propose an original formulation for the numerous different variables, eg, Bowman capsule pressure, glomerular absorption, net filtration and other considered variables in the model.This model can simulate the dynamic functions of variables such as colloidal osmotic pressure, glomerular capillaries, tubular filter, along with other clinical determinants.The model simulates disparate situations, such as the effects of renal filtration variations of arterial pressure, concentration of plasma proteins...The results presented coincide with those of other authors.

25. Sterman, John D., "Testing Behavioral Simulation Models by Direct Experiment"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/2j62sn36b?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:33Z
Description:
The decision rules in simulation models purport to describe decision-making behavior as it is and not as it should optimally be. Without the criterion of optimality to judge the appropriateness of a decision rule, simulation modelers must rely on empirical confirmation of the structure of their models. In models of small organizations, traditional social science methods may be used. But these methods are infeasible in models of larger systems such as industries or the macroeconomy. This paper shows how direct experiment can be used to confirm or disconfirm the decision rules in simulation models. Direct experiment uses interactive gaming in which human subjects play a role in the system being modeled. The subjects play the game in the same physical and institutional context assumed in the model, and are given the same information set, but are free to make decisions any way they wish. The behavior of the subject can then be directly compared against the behavior produced by the assumed decision rules of the model. An example is described in detail and the correspondence of the experiment to reality is discussed.

26. Toro, Miguel with Javier Aracil, "Chaotic Behavior in Predator-Prey-Food System Dynamics Models."

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/j6731m83r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:36Z
Description:
A great interest has been raised recently on chaotic behavior in system dynamics models. This interest is largely justified. The discovery that deterministic systems can show chaotic behavior has deep consequences for the system dynamicist. Among other things, it is well known that strange attractors show a pathological sensitivity to initial conditions. This property impedes the use of a single trayectory (obtained by simulation) as representative of the system behavior. So, the traditional working way of the system dynamicist should be deeply reconsidered if these strange attractors are exhibited by their models. This last is higly possible due to the nonlinear character of these models. Therefore, the system dynamicist should be able to study whether or not those attractors appear in his models. If they appear, then the classical study through the analysis of the trajectory should be rejected, and studies of an stochastic nature -not yet well understood- should be undertaken.

27. Tabucanon, M.T. with K. Saeed and Q. Suhail, "Modeling Fuel Pricing Policy and Consumption Patterns"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/ft849813r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:34Z
Description:
This paper examines the domestic energy consumption in Pakistan in the backdrop of the government's pricing policies using a system dynamics model as an explanatory tool. In the context of policy analysis, the simulated behavior of the system are tested based on various pricing schemes of the competing fuels. The simulation experiments reveal, among others, that Pakistan's energy system structure is such that any policy involving government control over the prices will eventually result in an increase in burden on family income of rural and urban poor classes mainly and urban middle class partially. It seems that the only way to redistribute the burden on family income, minimize the burden on national economy, and also achieve conservation of fuels, is by allowing the price of fuels to be determined by the supply-demand conditions of the market.

28. Torrealda, F.J. with J. Dolado, F. Ferreres and M. Graña, "Multifacetted Modelling in System Dynamics"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1986
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
8be0def879466bb233ec7ae0e7a56898, a6ba3d432669bb4e7e5d1d631a535030, and 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/j098zv733?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:37Z
Description:
We propose a functional design for a software system whose aim is to provide support for an structured methodology of modelling and simulation in System Dynamics. The design follows mainly the ideas of Multifacetted Modelling developed by Zeigler. Our approach has been to give a hierarchical version of DYNAMO and a collection of functions for the handling of simulation elements in an unified system.

29. Barlas, Yaman with Stanley Carpenter, "A Fundamental Philosophy of Science Question and Validation of System Dynamic Models"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/0k225v00p?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:55Z
Description:
System Dynamic models, being causal simulation models, are in this sense very much like scientific theories. Hence, there is a relationship between validation of such models and verification of scientific theories. In evaluating System Dynamics models, we naturally apply our implicit “norms of scientific inquiry”. Most criticisms of such models hold that System Dynamics does not employ formal “objective”, quantitative model validation procedures. We show through a historical review of Philosophy of Science, that this type of criticism presupposes the logical-empiricist philosophy of science. This philosophy assumes that knowledge is entirely “objective representation” of reality, and that theory justification can be entirely objective, formal, “atomistic” process. According to the more recent “relativist” philosophy of science, on the other hand, knowledge is not “entirely objective Truth”, but it is relative to a given culture, epoch, and worldview. Theories can not be verified (falsified) by entirely formal, reductionist, “confrontational” methods. Completely objective (theory-free) observation is impossible. The act of observing itself requires an assumed theory. Theory justification is therefore a semi-formal, holistic, social, “conversational” process.We discover that these two opposing philosophies of science correspond to two opposing philosophies of model validation. Most critics of System Dynamics seem to assume the traditional empiricist philosophy of science, whereas System Dynamicists mostly agree with the recent relativist philosophy on the question of model validity. We show that these philosophical results do have practical implications for both the System Dynamicists and their critics. Finally, having shown that the relativist philosophy is consistent with System Dynamics practice, we emphasize that such a philosophy of model validity should not lead to a total rejection of formal quantitative tools of model validation. On the contrary, we argue that such tools, appropriately chosen, are most useful when interpreted with the relativist philosophical perspective.

30. Breiter, Andres E., "Must Government Owned Enterprises Be Less Efficient Than Private Ones?"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/p55488471?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:56Z
Description:
This paper is based on direct observation of privately and government owned enterprises in Argentina, Italy, Poland, U.S.A. and Yugoslavia.A causal model is presented which is found in all enterprises operating successfully and efficiently over time. The frequently observed inefficiencies in government owned companies are explored with its help. The same method suggests why certain privately owned enterprises exhibit inefficient behaviour while on occasions government owned enterprises are an example of dynamic, foresighted and efficient management.The external pressure groups and their methods for exercising influence through government bureaucracy and other channels on company management are found to be of great importance and so is the legal structure and competitive environment in which management operates. The availability of adequately trained managers is another key element.Several general recommendations are formulated for policies that will ensure efficiency in both government and privately owned corporations.

31. Bapna, Raj Kumar with Sujoy Ghose and Sushil K. Sharma, "Beyond DYNAMO: Future System Dynamics Simulation Programming"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/gt54m564w?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:54Z
Description:
Advances in computer technology, since DYNAMO first appeared, promise significant developments for System Dynamics modeling and simulation. This paper discusses the future System Dynamics simulation languages as part of a human-engineered, integrated simulation programming environment. Many features of such languages and environments, that may become available in the next five years, are identified and discussed. The relevant advances in Simulation and Computer Science are presented with appropriate modifications in the context of System Dynamics methodology. Some aspects of implementation of such languages and environments are also discussed.

32. Clark, Thomas D., "Parks and Natural Resources Management: A Systems Study"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/br86bm573?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:40:57Z
Description:
A study of the management structures for state parks and natural resource protection areas is presented in this paper. This analysis vehicle is a system dynamics model of a typical park encompassing flora and fauna natural resources, cultural heritage resources, and recreational areas. Such systems are complex feedback structures where management goals must be drawn to achieve desired ends within fiscal and personnel constraints. The model is used to suggest methods of measuring the tradeoffs between goal accomplishment and resource constraints. The model was developed through an extensive study of the Parks System of Florida.

33. Wu, Wenhua with Chingrui Xu and Shaozhong Jiang, "General System Dynamics Simulation Software System – ZU-DYNAMO"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/xw42ns35j?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:47Z
Description:
System dynamics modeling has been applied in a wide variety of areas. However, as a means of simulating models in computers, there is no any general DYNAMO compiler system that can be used in various types of computer. The purpose of this paper is to deal with a general compiler software system ZU-DYNAMO, which is used to simulate models in various types of computer with outputs in English or Chinese. Being different from traditional method, a new idea suggested in this paper is the selection of C language instead of assemble language as objective code. The aim of such selection is to make ZU-DYNAMO independent on a particular computer. The overall structure and design principle of the system are presented. The algorithms and techniques used in the system, and the structure of objective code are designed and analysed. The description of extensions of Arrays, FOR card, etc. and the ways to implement them are also given.

34. Wang, Xiaoting with Qifan Wang, "The Behavior of Industrial and Investment Structures in the Change of Demand and Supply"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/s7526x29n?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:44Z
Description:
This paper presents a system dynamics model of China's industrial and investment structures. The dynamic behavior of the two structures has been analyzed in the change of demand and supply structure. The model has given special concern to China's limited resources and their allocation to different industries. A resource allocation mechanism is developed and the external robustness of the model is examined to test the control of the resources allocation system.

35. Wang, Hongbin with Demin Yao, "The System Dynamics Model for Policy Analysis of the Forest Industry System"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/pv63gh726?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:45Z
Description:
By means of the system dynamics theory and approach, A system dynamics model of the forest industry system for certain area is set up, and the future developing tendency of the forest industry system, under the conditions of various developing strategies and policies, is discussed quantitatively using the computer simulation based on the model. This model can provide scientific basis for making a long-term programme for the developing of the forest industry system.

36. Wu, Jianzhong with Gang Wu, "Rural Dynamics: A Study on the Exploitation and Protection of the Rural Resources in a Southern Province of China"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/8k71p147v?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:46Z
Description:
In this paper we use system dynamics approach to build a policy lab focusing on the exploitation and protection of the rural resources in a southern province of China at first. Then we proceed, after validating the model thoroughly, model-based policy analyses.

37. Yang, Ching T. with Zi-yuan Xu, "A Tentative SD Model Applicable to the Study of Local Education Development Strategy and Policy Analysis in the Urban Area of Shanghai"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/j3860q96k?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:51Z
Description:
This paper discusses the application of System Dynamics approach to the study of local education development planning which fosters a tentative SD model applicabl to local education development strategy and policy analysis in the urban area of Shanghai. It can help decision making of the local government education authorities in this area. Based on education economic theory and the socio-economic development situation in Shanghai, this model, using DYNAMOIII language, contains four socio-economic sectors – education, economic, social structure and social life, from which 730 variables were attained with 90 level equations 179 rate equations.The present study shows that the simulation model is not only feasible and practical for the study on local education system in Shanghai, but also applicable and useful to other urban areas as well.

38. Xu, Chingrui Xu with Shaozhong Jiang, Yiqun Xing and Jiasheng Wang, "Dynamic Modeling and Policy Analysis for National R&D Resource Allocation Decisions"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/ft8498159?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:49Z
Description:
The confliction between the need of R&D expenditure and the limitation of R&D resources in certain time period is a serious issue facing both developing and developed countries. This paper deals with not only the mechanism of interaction between R&D, economy and education systems, also the mechanism and relation among basic research, applied research and development. Two system dynamics models were developed focusing on the above two problems respectively. And, through modeling and policy analysis, some new findings, such as the proper scale and growth-rate of national R&D expenditure, the relation between technology acquisition and self-developing R&D, the proper ratio of R&D expenditure, etc., were accomplished.

39. Xia, Yunguan Xia with Wangkang Chen, "The Study of Planned Economy and Market Economy of Oil and Engine Demand in the Equilibrium System through S.D."

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/jh344995j?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:48Z
Description:
The systems of oil and engine production of our complete planned economy before 1979 and market economy guided by planned economy after1980 are simulated and some conclusions are given in these models.The complete planned economy can't meet the national requiment for oil and engines and the market economy guided by planned economy can develop equilibrumly under the instruction of mixed policies applied to the production of oil and engines.The main items of microeconomics are simulated and some useful plots and conclusions are given. Further study of many fields of macroeconomics and microeconomics is expected.

40. Zhang, Jue, "Control and Administration of the Investment Hanger and Consuming Expansion"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1987
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 83d7d84d4a906b77a877f50ccddf0ccd, and ef456d2a6c943c510d5169405dfd9416
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/1r66jj576?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:41:52Z
Description:
Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the CCP, there have been great achievements in the development of economy in our country and the living standard of the people has been raised year by year. However, at this moment of the great boom, there appeared two protound contradictions in the macroeconomy: One is the investment hanger and the other is the consuming expansion. This is a universal persistent ailment in developing cotries.

41. White, Norman F., "The Relationship Between Health Care Interventions and Morbidity: Some Counter-Intuitive Implications of a Socio-Ecological Model"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1988
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 74bc8d76f7112f877dcc1bed073089e6, and ff3ca29802c9b5ed0bd77a0a9e76375a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/1n79hn366?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:30Z
Description:
The most fundamental health studies issue is the discrepancy between expected and actual performances of the Health Care System: the deployment of curative biomedicine is expected to decrease morbidity and costs, but we see everywhere a rise in both. Technological lag, environmental damage, administrative slippage, professional pressures, and new wealth consumption are conventional but, at best, partial explanations. It appears that the rationale is flawed by the use of an inappropriate image of the system out of which morbidity phenomena emerge. The Socio-Ecological Model proposed here links HCS operations with a more appropriate morbidity construct. The individual's subsystems interact with the social-physical environment to create two distinguishable types of morbidity: anatomico-physiological conditions constituting the 'lesions' of the disease process, and interacting experiential, behavioural, and role changes of the illness state. The HCS becomes a significant part of the sick person's environment, and affects the four resulting sub-populations differentially. Care and prevention goals are to move sick individuals/populations toward illness-free and disease-free quadrants and to prevent/slow movement away from them. The counter-intuitive HSC production of morbidity (through, e.g., coronary care, increased life expectancy, pursuit of fitness, early diagnosis, and psychosocial counselling) is no longer surprising. The model suggests a revision of health planning goals, with major shifts in resource allocation.

42. Yang, Ching T. with Ansheng Cao, "Using System Dynamics Method to Analyse an Enterprise"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1988
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 74bc8d76f7112f877dcc1bed073089e6, and ff3ca29802c9b5ed0bd77a0a9e76375a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/rn301j95d?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:33Z
Description:
This paper establishes a system dynamics model to analyse a dynamic productive procedure of an enterprise in Shanghai. The model consists of five sectors, order and supply sector, production sector, material sector, advertising sector and financial sector.There are many products which the enterprise expects to produce, and in the model these products are transformed into two standard products according to the kind of products. The paper analyses the impacts of some soft factors, such as worker's quality, bonus, advertising, etc., on the profit, and also the policy of purchasing materials. The model presents the strategy of how to work out plans between two standard products when the input surpasses the productive capacity of the enterprise.The model is run by using real initial input values in 1985 and 1986. The results are very close to real situations of the enterprise. The sensitivity tests shows that the model is insensitive. So it is adquate to consider that the model is reliable and can be used as basis for dicision making by managers.

43. Wolstenholme, Eric F., "The Effectiveness of Management Information Systems"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1988
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 74bc8d76f7112f877dcc1bed073089e6, and ff3ca29802c9b5ed0bd77a0a9e76375a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/st74d8879?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:31Z
Description:
There are a large number of references in the literature to the problem of evaluating Information Systems in terms of both efficiency (the technical aspects) and effectiveness (the user's view, and the effect the system has on the organisation). Whereas the efficiency can be defined clearly in mathematical terms, measurement of effectiveness tends to be subjective and is usually measured retrospectively (i.e. some time after installation) using a questionnaire approach, or by expensive simulators, prior to installation.This presentation deals with the initial thinking behind the development of a quick and less costly system dynamics approach to measuring effectiveness, by using a simple model to examine the effect the proposed system will have on the organisation into which it is to be installed.

44. Xia, Yun Guan with Wan Kang Chen, "Description of Microeconomics by System Dynamics"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1988
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 74bc8d76f7112f877dcc1bed073089e6, and ff3ca29802c9b5ed0bd77a0a9e76375a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/8910kc26b?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:32Z
Description:
Some principle conceptions in microeconomics are simulated by System Dynamic (in brief S.D) in this article. The simulating of two fundamental theories in microeconomics concerned with balanced prices and margin analysis leads to some significant conclusions. Most of these conclusions are now in heated argument in microeconomic field. Our achievement is provided as a test of the proceeding ideas.

45. Young, Showing H. with Iwan B. Santoso, "A System Dynamics Approach to the Car Ownership Trend in Taiwan Urban Areas"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1988
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 74bc8d76f7112f877dcc1bed073089e6, and ff3ca29802c9b5ed0bd77a0a9e76375a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/7m01c3781?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:36Z
Description:
The economy in Taiwan grew rapidly in the last decade. This steep increase strongly affects its transportation system: the number of cars in the urban areas increased dramatically. Some studies forecasted that the number of car in Taiwan urban areas in 2000 will be three times of that in 1984. However, those studies did not consider the feedbacks from the traffic and parking conditions to the car ownership. In addition, some of the possible changes in the system environment are also not being considered, such as the increasing life expectancy of the car, the shortening car renewal period and more and more attractive car purchasing loans policies. This study is an attempt to apply system dynamics methodology to analyze the trend with inclusion of feedback and the above mentioned system environment changes. The results show that due to feedbacks from the limited capacity of roadway and parking and the influence from the system environment, the number of cars in urban areas will only be doubled in the year of 2000. Although the data for this research were very limited, by using the system dynamics methodology we are able to have a better picture of the future trend of car ownership in Taiwan.

46. Zhang, Xing, "The Application of System Dynamics in Solving a Dynamic Input-Output Model with Delays"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1988
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 74bc8d76f7112f877dcc1bed073089e6, and ff3ca29802c9b5ed0bd77a0a9e76375a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/5x21v0515?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:37Z
Description:
Since the dynamic input-output method was put forward by W. Leontief, some results have been obtained to a greater or less degree in various fields of quantitative economy, which have played an important role in the application of the method. Yet, insolving the delay-having dynamic input-output models, whether the matrix converse exists or not has not had sufficient mathematical proofs. Having taken these problems into consideration, our paper attempted to solve the problem of multiyear delay-having dynamic input-output model with the application of the properties of system dynamics in structure and time sequence, the properties of BOXLIN and SUM functions, and has combined these two models, the combination of which is possible in the sense of the economy. The DIOSD (Dynamic Input-Output and System Dynamic Model) not only has the advantage of man-and-machine conversation as well as screen display, but also we can put the DIOSD completely into the SD model with the consideration of the overall system structure. Therefore, we can make full use of the advantages of the dynamic input-output model in economy planning and forcasting, and also provide an efficient tool for its future application.

47. lwani, Mazen J., "The Planning and Controlling of Infantry and Artillery Joint Combat Operation"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/tq57p8502?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:38Z
Description:
This paper demonstrates the use of System Dynamics as a device to simulate a system of infantry and artillery cooperating in joint combat operation.The system under study does not represent a real or actual battle-field. The model represents a scenario describes hypothetical system of accepted theoretical structure of how infantry and artillery may co-operate in order to achieve a desired advance on a real battle-field.The paper will give attention to the planning and controlling of any need to such co-operation, and will give better insights to decision makers before and during such joint operations.We make no claim for revealing analysis of any army strategy, and seek only to show how a System Dynamics model could do if it were constructed by people who fully understood the problems and had access to information at which we can only make guesses.

48. Yang, Shi Shen, "Inventory Control and Forecasting"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1988
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 74bc8d76f7112f877dcc1bed073089e6, and ff3ca29802c9b5ed0bd77a0a9e76375a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/4t64h5822?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:35Z
Description:
This paper provided a two-stage invertory system. It Descrips its problem behavior and structure implement. Analyse the policy design: use inventory and backlog to absorb differences between production and demand, change production to match change in demand, change demand to match production abilities, finally, forecasting reslove permanat and temorory change and lag in production's responce to change.

49. Dyner, Isaac with Luz Mery Berrio and Adriana Bolivar, "Elements for Periurban Dynamics"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/mw22vp93b?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:50Z
Description:
Rapidly growing cities cause inadequate transformation in the use of land. Government policies tend to be obsolete shortly after implementation, supply of basic services becomes insufficient and expensive, and food prices tend to increase. All these factors are certainly the case in many developing countries where large amounts of population often migrate to settle down, sometimes in dangerous or unhealthy locations, but other times in areas suitable for agricultural purposes in the periphery of the city.The land surrounding the metropolis enters a transitional stage. The territory becomes uneconomical for rural exploitation, but it requires to be supplied with basic services for urban housing. The System Dynamics approach is then appropriate to study and plan these unstable systems.This paper presents a model to assess the growth of peripheral districts of the city. It is a useful aid for policy making in land use issues and a good tool for planning basic services such as health, schooling, transport and recreation.A simulation is carried out for the Periurban District of El Corazon in Medellin, Columbia. A good approximation between historical data and model results can be appreciated. Some scenarios of future growth are explored and the consequence of land-use policies are confronted.

50. DiStefano, Julia M., "A Metalanguage Communication, Confidence and CommitmentA New Perspective on Influence Diagrams"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/gh93hh39r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:48Z
Description:
The purpose of this paper is to show some of the schemes used by systems researchers and consultants to collect data about their clients' perceptions of problem situations. These various schemes--which use both words and graphics, consisting more or less of curved lines and arrows-- are useful for                1. helping clients express their perception of a problem situation                2. organizing clients' thinking                3. helping to overcome traditional rivalry between individuals and between groups                4. helping “to create a consensus and commitment to action in a team” (Eden, 1988,2).My paper will discuss three such schemes, proceeding from the 'soft' systems methodology (Checkland, 1981); then 'cognitive mapping' (Eden, 1988); and finally, two system dynamics studies dealing with health care systems.

51. Diehl, Ernst W., "A Study on Human Control in Stock-Adjustment Tasks"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/9p290t86p?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:47Z
Description:
Results of an ongoing study investigating the effect of different task feedback characteristics on human performance are reported. In a computer-assisted experiment, subjects were asked to perform a dynamic stock-adjustment control. A subject's control action enters the system in two ways: it effects the stock to be adjusted and it feeds back on the disturbance that impinges on the system. The latter effect is varied with respect to its strength and its delay. The major finding that emerges from the experiment is that increasing strength in the feedback link (in either a positive or negative direction) worsens performance. An effect of delay length on performance could not be shown.

52. Drew, Donald R. with Antonio A. Trani and Lev A. Malakhoff, "System Dynamics Modeling of Air Warfare"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/h989rm46b?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:42:49Z
Description:
The use of gaming to study contemporary warfare has evolved rapidly in recent years. Particularly important strides were taken during the 1960's and 1970's with advances in computer technology and the development of broader ranges of subject matter. The past two decades have seen a tremendous expansion in the role and influence of computer models as “policy assisting” devices – first in the analysis of national security issues, and now for the analysis of problems arising throughout the entire affairs of Government.

53. Richardson, George P. with Peter M. Senge, "Corporate and Statewide Perspectives on the Liability Insurance Crisis"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/hq37w6352?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:23Z
Description:
The costs associated with liability in the United States are rising dramatically and persistently. Escalating medical malpractice premiums threaten the scope and availability of health care in many states. Increasing costs for automobile insurance have led to public referenda to cap premiums, in turn driving insurers out of practice in some states. Runaway litigation costs prompting calls for major revisions in liability stautes and the whole tort liability system.Over the past two years, two independent system dynamics studies of the rising costs of liability insurance have been conducted. One study focused on forces driving rising settlement costs within a leading property and liability insurance provider. That study has resulted in a learning laboratory to help managers throughout the firm form a more systemic perspective on how established policies and practices within the firm might contribute to rising costs. The other study, done for the New York State Insurance Department looked at the problem of medical malpractice from a statewide regulatory perspective. It was designed to provide help to the state legislature in setting the state's policy on rates over the next three years.This paper assembles some of the work done in these two independent studies, reports on their findings, and discusses their policy implications. Of particular interest are implications of the internal and external system dynamics perspectives on the problem- where they agree, where they disagree and where they help illuminate each other.

54. Rego, J. V., "Schedule Delays and New Financing for the Argentine Electricity Sector Growth"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/h702qr07c?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:21Z
Description:
Apparently the electricity sector of Argentina has suffered in the past from excessive capacity planning, owing to overoptimistic forecasts of demand growth rate. But because of the long delays involved and lack of financial backing this advantage has been progressively lost. The present official planning only provides for renovation and demographic growth, not allowing for economic growth. Therefore, the actual supply-demand balance of electricity can easily be worn away by technical obsolescence and aging process of the actual installed capacity of electricity production.The problem behaviour arises when the timing of new capacity investment is delayed, falling behind the programmed schedule of new plants, without being able to meet the electricity demand. This could happen mainly due to political prices well below costs because of the inflation and or social subsidization, which leads, in turn, to the discapitalization of the sector, that still remains nationalized. A system dynamics model is used to explore the trade-off between construction delays (which entails costs of unsatisfied demand) and construction speed up (which entails financial costs).

55. Richardson, George P. with Jac A.M. Vennix, David M. Anderson, John Rohrbaugh and W.A. Wallace, "Eliciting Group Knowledge for Model-Building"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/k930cf712?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:24Z
Description:
System dynamics models are typically created using multiple streams of information including quantitative data, written records, and information contained in mental models of both individuals and groups. While qualitative sources of information are widely recognized as important in all stages of the model building process, little systematic research has been completed how best to elicit and map this knowledge. In this paper, we survey the existing literature on mapping and eliciting knowledge for system dynamics modeling and also explore this literature in the broader fields of cognitive psychology and small group processes. Special attention is paid to new software advances to support these processes.

56. Richards, Edward T., "The Origins of Mass Warfare: A System Dynamics Approach"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1989
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
229aea09844305a482784be9fca550ff, 23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, and a656a490ae4bb95659d385b98804153f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/gx41n2092?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:22Z
Description:
People of different nations often meet with the intent of destroying each other with the technology and techniques of modern warfare. This has come to be the reality of modern politics. Yet mass warfare has not been a permanent fixture throughout the history of mankind. In this paper, an attempt is made to gain a better understanding of what caused the transition from localized tribal feuding.

57. Augustine, Fred K. Jr. with Thomas D. Clark, Jr., "The Use of System Dynamics to Measure the Value of Information in the Business Firm"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/h128nz29x?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:55Z
Description:
:The primary focus of the research reported in this paper was on the measurement of the value of information in the business firm. It involved development of a system dynamic model of a typical business firm and calibration of the model to an average firm in the can industry in the United States. The model has the five sectors of marketing, finance, production, research and development, and personnel. Data to calibrate the model came primarily from the Industrial Compustat data base. The model was used to test several propositions about the economic value of management information. This topic has been addressed by Morecroft (1977, 1979), Jones (1981) and others. The research extends work by them as well as demonstrating the multidimensional nature of information using the Gorry and Scott-Morton framework of typical information structure. A framework in which to assess information value is developed and discussed.The performance of the firm was assessed using cost, profitability and efficiency measures under various values for the information attributes of accuracy, timeliness, relevance and reliability at the strategic, managerial and operational levels of the firm. Several propositions about information value are offered given the results of the testing.

58. Bernard, John D. with D. Henry Pate, "Technical Education Modeling and Simulation"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/1c18f059x?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:58Z
Description:
Initial testing is now complete on the TEMS instrument, the Technical Education Modeling and Simulation system. This research in the Industrial Education Department at Clemson University is a three phased project. The phases include developing an instrument (TEMS) similar to DYNAMO II (Pugh, 1970) for the modeling of socio-econ-educational systems, reducing world model concepts to a regional model for the state of South Carolina, and integrating technical education attributes and effects into the classical capital sector for this regional model.The TEMS system is developed in dBASE IV and ’C’. It has all the model definition building features and run characteristics of DYNAMO II. Written for an IBM AT class of equipment, TEMS will replicate the WORLD2 model (Forrester, 1971) results in 40 minutes for a 100 year run. TEMS supports both the real time graphic mappings of selected variables and post analysis graphics. It has both an integrated statistical interface to SPSS statistics and a reporting system for model runs, definitions, user created functions and run time statistics.Experimentation is in progress to calculate a CHAOS mapping for the class of level variable equations. Using this Verhulst equation mapping, TEMS should then dampen any wild ramping and explosiveness for these selected variables during the simulation.

59. Bach, N.L., with K. Saeed and J.E. Lukens, "Dynamics of Food Policy in a Centrally-Planned Economy: The Case of Vietnam"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/w0892v90n?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:56Z
Description:
This paper attempts to asses the impact of past and presently contemplated policies to maintain food self-sufficiency in a centrally-planned economy. The case of Vietnam is used as an illustration. Experimentation with a system dynamics model of the food production system incorporating relationships concerning soil ecology and agricultural land management policy serves as a basis for this assessment. Short-run policies to increase production are detrimental to maintaining food self-sufficiency in the long-run. A sustainable food production policy must incorporate soil conservation and improvement, control of population and possibly, finding food sources alternative to grain. Although difficult to implement in a market system, such a policy agenda may be feasible in a centrally-planned economy.

60. Bala, B.K., with M.A Satter and Md. Golam Mohiuddin, "Simulation of Food Grain Storage Management System In Bangladesh"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/k930cf72b?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:43:57Z
Description:
A system dynamics model of food grain storage, government procurement and release, and import in Bangladesh is presented. The simulation results of the model for govt. procurement and release, and import policies are also presented. Finally, the policy implications of the model are discussed.

61. Sedehi, Habib with Alessandro Gambaro and Federico Lanza, "A Dynamic Model to Evaluate Mixed Automobile Fuel Market in Italian Environment"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/2z10x739d?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:14Z
Description:
The automobile fuel market in Italy is appreciably different from that in other European countries and even more unlike the American context.As a matter of fact, the alternative and available automobile fuels in this country are the following: -gasoline (petrol),-gas oil (diesel oil),-liquefied gas (LPG), plus a very small amount of natural gas, each with its own price. In addition, price differences are considerably greater than in other countries.In view of the fact that gasoline is the most expensive fuel and gas oil the least expensive, the Italian Government has adopted a peculiar tax called “Superbollo” meant to penalize car owners with diesel powered engines and those with both gasoline and LPG powered engines, but to a different degree.The alternatives access by drivers (car-users) to different fuel resources has influenced and countries to influence the automobile industry’s approach to the Italian market.On the other hand, the different fuel prices, plus the varying annual amount of the ‘Superbollo” tax, influences the motorist’s decision in buying and using differently powered cars.The decision is obviously affected by the consumption rate for each type of fuel and the driver’s expected mileage per year.This paper aims to underline and analyze the hypothesis on the mix of the three main fuels used in Italy, trying to give results principally on the basis of: -price-changing of each fuel, -tax-value of “Supperbollo”, -different driver-mileage taking into account the pollution-cost of each of the three fuel solutions. The system, which is the subject of the study, will be analyzed using System Dynamics methodology, with a dynamic model.

62. Sanghi, V.K.C., "Comments on the Close Similarityy Between Indian Population Projections from the Constrained Coalition and Logistic Model and the Census, Government of India and U.N. Estimates"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/057428360?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:13Z
Description:
The close similarity between the Indian census, Government of India and U.N. population estimates and those from the Constrained Coalition and Logistic Model (CCLM) has been demonstrated which enhances the usage of differential equation modeling for studies on population growth processes. The CCLM incorporates the legitimate requirement of an upper bound for the aggregate population thereby implying the rate of natural increase to reach the zero level. The numerical value assumed for the upper bound is based on food supply - arable land availability, and accounts for advances in agriculture productivity. However, other factors such as quality of life, environmental degradation, per capita income, etc. can also be used to arrive at an upper bound. The model holds good promise for usage for other developing countries.

63. Saeed, Khalid with Nguyen Luong Bach, "Is Deterministic Chaos Only a Property of Models?"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/w6634n12r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:11Z
Description:
This paper presents results of extended experimentation with selected models of social phenomena widely used by the system dynamicists in their studies on deterministic chaos. The models selected include various versions of a simple model of migratory dynamics and a model of resource allocation in a firm, and a simple model of long-term economic fluctuations. Chaotic modes seem to appear in each of the experimented model, either due to non-robust or unrealistic rate formulation, or from unrealistic parameter or input specifications or both. Minor changes on the models experimented with, which improve their correspondence to reality, eliminate chaotic modes. The paper raises the issue of the relevance of the chaotic models to real-world phenomena and policy design for system improvement.

64. Samarasan, Dhanesh K., "Negotiation as Discovery and Design"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/xw42ns36t?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:12Z
Description:
The use of computer tools to aid in decision-making and problem-solving activities suggests a view of negotiation in which parties collaborate to improve the quality of the information and knowledge on which they base their joint decisions. In this view, negotiation is characterized as a process of discovery and design. The effectiveness of negotiation is defined in three dimensions: legitimacy, feasibility, and efficiency. Computer tools are discussed in the context of information strategies, or ways in which negotiators use information in their efforts to ‘discover and design’ solutions.

65. Shimada, Toshiro with Saburo Kameyama, Kinya Machida, Akira Uchino and Minoru Watanabe, "Simulation Model of Japanese Welfare Annuity System"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/1n79hn38r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:18Z
Description:
Japanese old age population is gradually increasing and this tendency weakens economic conditions of Japanese welfare annuity system. Therefore it is important for us to study future conditions of this system.This model contains 4 sectors: Demography, total premium income, total pension expenditure and reserve of the welfare annuity system.The demographic sector covers populations of 5 three-year age groups under 14 years of age and 13 five-year age groups above 15 years of age. This sector was first formulated for a simulation model of dental diseases and is now applied to this model. Total premium income for the welfare annuity system is the sum of premiums of workers, employer contribution and government contribution, for which populations of five-year age groups are used. Total pension expenditure is the sum of base pensions and earning related pensions. Here is used population of 60-64 age group. Total premiums plus interest income of the reserves of the welfare annuity system minus total pension expenditures flow into the reserves of the welfare annuity system.The length of the simulation is 63 years from 1963 to 2025.This study is a research project of the Japan Productivity Center.

66. Simons, Kenneth L., "New Technologies in Simulation Games"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/k0698s202?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:19Z
Description:
Advances in computer software allow modelers to design, with relative ease, sophisticated, realistic educational tools. With these advances, new issues arise about how to make this educational software productive and stimulating, without limiting the freedom of the user or creating simply a computerized workbook.Such simulation games have great educational potential for people who play video and home computer games, and sometimes for students in classrooms. The games must address three information levels: (1) real-world details, (2) simulation of model, and (3) conceptual understanding of structure and dynamics. The systems viewpoint on the particular model must be clearly explained; otherwise users will have much fun but learn little. Feedback during the game teaches this system understanding without requiring textbook readings. Such feedback requires new modes of “expert” computer analysis which need to be developed. Other tools need to be developed to help in creation of simulation games and to give the games abilities that they do not yet have, such as access to database of models, pictures, and text, and connections between simulation games.

67. Sharma, S.K with P. K .J. Mohapatra and M. D. Tyagi, "Synthetic Policy Design in System Dynamics Model: Some Observations"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/qf85nv56f?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:17Z
Description:
The paper suggests a novel approach to policy design in system dynamics models. The approach is based on optimal control theory to evolve synthetic policy structures and then design realistic policies for the famous production - distribution model of Forrester. New policy sets have been presented for purchase decision rate at retail and distributor sectors and manufacturing decision rate at factory. It is shown that the suggested policy sets show a marked improvement of model behavior over that obtained by Forrester. The approach suggested here will enhance the art of policy design.

68. Senge, Peter M. with John D. Sterman Systems Thinking and Organizational Learning: Acting Locally and Thinking Globally in the Organization of the Future"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/2n49tk141?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:16Z
Description:
Eroding competitiveness, declining productivity growth, explosive technological, political and environmental change, and dissolution of market and national boundaries form the familiar litany of problems which threaten traditional organizational structures and management practices. In the turbulence at the close of the century it is widely argued that organizations must change more rapidly than ever before.

69. Wolstenholme, E.F. with A. Gavine, S. Henderson and K.M. Watts, "The Design of a Dynamic Model Methodology for the Assessment of Computerized Information Systems"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/pv63gh73g?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:47Z
Description:
The last decade has been the accelerated development of what Yadav and Chand term “Organization Support Systems”- large scale, complex and extremely expensive computer based information systems (Yadav, 1989). The cost associated with such systems has increased the requirement for a sound methodology to evaluate the expected operational benefits and drawbacks resulting from their implementation, at as early a stage in the system life cycle as possible.An extensive survey of the literature in the field of information system evaluation, with a particular focus in the methodologies, tools and performance measures being used in practice, preceded the development of the methodology reported in this paper, and is presented in full elsewhere(Watts 1990).This paper comments on the findings from the review and reports on the development of a system dynamics based methodology for the assessment of proposed computer-based information systems (CIS), in terms of their potential to support organizational objectives.The methodology has been evaluated by application to two military CIS, at different stages in the system life cycle. These cases are reported separately(Watts and Wolstenholme, 1990; Henderson and Wolstenholme, 1990), but the indications are that the methodology can contribute throughout the system life cycle y providing a continuing reminder of the relevance of the CIS to the real-world system which is intended to support.

70. Yan, Guangle, "System Dynamic Research to China’s Inflation"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/h989rm47m?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:50Z
Description:
Inflation is one of the most troublesome problems China is recently faced with in the course of the economy reform. The inflation takes place in the form of general price rising. It becomes more serious and is greatly obstructing the healthy development of China’s economy. This situation results from many factors including the biased trend of the reform strategy, the deviations in implementation policies, the defects of the economic system, etc. The conventional theory about money amount has been used to analyze inflation before. This analytic method specially indicates the view point that inflation with no exception is a kind of money phenomenon by stressing the causal relationships between money amount and general price level, but it considers money supply as an exogenous variable controlled by the government’s policies and ignores the effect and restrictions from other economic factors. Therefore there are some limitations of this method in real uses. For this reason a new approach of system dynamic is put forward in the present paper. A dynamic model composed of a monetary market section, a commodity market section and a regulation section is developed. On the model a series of policy tests mainly concerning the two economy levers of price and interest rate are simulated with the consideration of china’s special situation. The cause and mechanism of suggestions are also made for elimination or controlling the inflation. The results of the paper may provide worthful references for China’s further economy reform.

71. Wuestman, Eric A., "Sowing Supply: Compensating Responses by Rural Coca Economics to Intervention in the Cocaine Market"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/8c97m694j?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:49Z
Description:
In recent years, increased public awareness of the health and productivity costs associated with the use of cocaine and its potent derivative “crack” has served to heighten concern and renew debate over the most effective strategies for managing the drug problem. This paper presents a preliminary system dynamics model of the international cocaine trade. The initial model incorporates the various stages of the cocaine system from source country production to final consumption including: primary resource allocation and production; cocaine production; cocaine production and export; and U.S. demand, import, pricing, and consumption. The model is used to examine an ensemble of policies proposed by the National Strategy for Drug Control (White House 1989). Simulation results show the capacity of the system to exhibit a wide array of behavior modes depending on the type of intervention being applied and the aspect of the problem being targeted. Of particular interest from a policy standpoint is the implication of delays in physical and information flows for generating divergent short and long term policy results. Findings suggest a comprehensive approach combining demand and supply side policy leverage represents the most effective management strategy.

72. Wu, Jianguo with Yaman Barlas and John Vankat, "Modelling Patchy Ecological Systems Using the System Dynamics Approach"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1990
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, e3ebd4855fa658877b17f518e29a6ac9, and 386b7d5fcd17a644199db727913a7a7a
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/1j92gs00h?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:45:48Z
Description:
A System Dynamics model of an ecological system consisting of two patchily distributed populations is constructed to study the effects of inter-patch colonization on the persistence of the species. The model structure is primarily composed of the negative feedback loops dominant in local (within-patch) population regulation and a regional positive feedback loop coupled with two negative loops which regulate the inter-patch species colonization.The simulation results show that with colonization the population system always persists if at least one of the populations is larger that a minimum viable population size (MVP). If the species has sufficiently large colonizing ability, the populations are always able to reach the carrying capacity. Otherwise, the population with below MVP, there are two possibilities depending on the magnitude of species colonization ability: (1) both stabilize at the carrying capacity level and (2) both go extinct. The simulations also demonstrate that delays in colonization and population regulation may have distinctive impacts on species persistence and dynamics of the population system. The study may provide useful information for species conservation and design of nature reserves.

73. Milling, Peter M., "Learning and Understanding Innovation Dynamics: A Gaming Approach"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/jd473d364?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:46:41Z
Description:
Innovation management is a special task in several respects. Its success is essential for the survival of the firm. It deals with highly dynamic processes, and it requires a viable strategy from the very outset. Analyses of innovation dynamics have shown that market forces usually do not allow the search for a gradual approach towards a successful strategy. Frequently technology advances rapidly and the market changes so fast that no second try is possible.In such a situation, the artificial reality of a management simulator provides a powerful environment to learn about the system under investigation. It allows deeper insights into the problem situation. In its virtual world, it alleviates the development of an improved understanding of the intrinsic aspects, and leads to a better feeling for possible reactions of the market.The paper presents the coarse structure of an Innovation Management Simulator (IMS). The players represent four competing companies. At the beginning of the simulation, all offer a comparable product, no firm holds a competitive advantage. Among other policies, they can -through resource allocation for research and development - create additional, non substituting products. The product life cycles with their time patterns of profits and sales, market shares, etc. are endogenous variables, influenced by the players’ actions.The decision to develop and launch a new product and the choice of the time for market entry are strategic variables of the players. Further decisions are required to budget product and process development, pricing and advertising, capacity allocation, personnel recruitment and financing. The game is played on a quarterly basis. The decisions are fed into a System Dynamics model, and the results provide the input for a new round of decision making.

74. Markarian, Mihran with Roman Koziol, "System Dynamics: Taming Expert Systems in the Business World"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/2n49tk159?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:46:39Z
Description:
The paper reports on a new approach for the building of Decision Support Systems based on System Dynamics and Expert Systems. The power of this approach is illustrated by using it to identify problems that exist within the production processes of a manufacturing company. System Dynamics was used to simulate the production processes and build the expert system. The simulation identifies the process where the problem exists, and the Expert System suggests possible causes to the problem and the solutions required to bring production back to normal.Stella was the System Dynamics tool used to gain a detailed understanding of the production processes and their interactions in order to build a simulation model. The influences from this simulation were used to structure the knowledge base of an expert system. While the expert system was an essential ingredient of the Decision Support System, the actual system that was used and its features were of secondary importance.This paper will benefit System Dynamic practitioners who are interested in: 1) simulating a process within an organisation., 2) the application of System Dynamics to solve a manufacturing problem.,3) the relationship between System Dynamics and building of Experts Systems., 4) the use of System Dynamics as a decision making/support tool in the manufacturing industry.

75. Mora, J.C., "Simple Quantum Chaotic Model for Fluctuating Dissipative Systems"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/5t34t3038?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:46:43Z
Description:
Energy dissipative systems are considered through a general approach. The one direction non-steady state equation for mass, heat and momentum transport shows that the energy used by system could be considered through “energy dissipation function”, comparable to the “wave function” used in Quantum Mechanics. A complex time scale is proposed. This permits to consider the fluctuations as being in a time scale which is different from our classical one. The non commutation of operators of the basic equation introduces quantification which supports the use of finite different equations instead of a differential equation. A discretized Chaotic Process is proposed as a model for actual systems. The example of a fluidized bed shows that quantum considerations through a ground dynamic state and an excited state could support the above proposal which is in agreement with the actual qualitative behaviour. The Chaotic Process can be put in agreement with the thermodynamics based principle when comparing the minimum energy dissipation of the actual system.

76. Mashayekhi, Ali Naghi, "Dynamics of Development Cost Structure"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/0p096q73h?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:46:40Z
Description:
A cost structure is presented for the development projects based on two kinds of cost: base cost and progress cost. The base cost is necessary to keep a project alive and ready for real progress. The progress cost is to make physical progress in the project. A dynamic model is made and simulated to show the behavior of this cost structure. The model shows that when development budget is not sufficient to pay for all the required expenses of an ongoing development projects, total cost of development projects would increase and completion time of the projects would rise. Insufficiency of development budget occurs either by decline of government revenues or by start of too many new projects. In the face of insufficient budget, it becomes very crucial to decrease the starting rates of new projects. By decreasing the number of starting projects, the behavior of the model in terms of completion time and unit cost of the projects improves considerably when budget insufficiency appears.

77. Young, Showing H. with Kun -Tung Yu and Sy-Feng Wang, "A Design of the Public Housing Policies through the Dynamics Analysis of the Intra-Urban Migration Structure"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/zp38wx59h?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:47:23Z
Description:
To construct more public houses so that the low income population in the urban areas can have their own houses is one of the major efforts of the government of the Republic of China on the island of Taiwan . This good-will policy did solve some of the housing problems, yet remained some undesirable ones, such as, the large amount of unsold public houses. Those unsold public houses were primarily due to (1) delayed supply, (2) smaller sizes, and (3) unsuitable locations. This research attempts to study the “unsuitable location problem” and “too small size problem” in the city of Kaohsiung . The System Dynamics methodology is employed to study these problems through model building and policy testing. The model is composed of three sectors: (1) population and the zonal migration attractiveness, (2) housing supply, and (3) housing demand. All the three sectors are interacted with each other. The selection of the variables and the weight of variables are partly determined by field survey. By focusing on the structure of intra-urban migration, it is found that the intra-urban system has a very dynamic feature. The simulation results show that the behavior of the population flow is dominated by several feedbacks loops, some reinforce the growth of population, while others limit it. Through analyzing the simulation results of the model, some design principles of the public housing policy are suggested. From the demonstration of some policy tests, it shoes is the potential of the model to aid the formulation of a “dynamic” public housing policy design, that is, when to supply how much of a certain level public houses to which area of the city under a specific scenario. This preliminary study shows that system dynamics is not only a useful tool to have insights into this kind of complex socioeconomic problems, but also potential to deal with the spatial dimension of urban issues in addition to its mostly temporal applications.

78. Bae, Kyuhan with Young-Myung Choi, Ku-Hyun Jung, Dalgon Lee and Kwang Seok Lee, "Korea 2020: A Search for Balanced Future"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 51aed0dc79e37960f64cad2ef0f9a82a, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/9p290t89h?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:47:25Z
Description:
The 21st century is already here (Drucker,1989). Many people predict the 21st century will be fundamentally different from the 20th century (Drucker, 1989; Niasbitt & Aburdene,1990). Looking back upon the past, Korea entered the 20thcentury lacking preparations in the midst of the nation’s internal and external conflicts and confusion. As a consequence, Korea went through several periods of stagnation and difficulty during the first half of the century. However, Korea began to demonstrate its remarkable potential for modernization and development since the early 1960’s. Within a quarter of a century, Korea has emerged as a developing nation rapidly approaching advanced status. Now, Korea is facing another turning point dividing the centuries. Her future depends on her determination and preparation today. The 1990’s is the time for her to make choices and decisions that will promote the prosperity of the nation and the unification of two Koreas. It’s the time to establish a more mature society. It’s the time we should consider the public's demand for quality of life. It’s the time to consider her natural environment deteriorating due to urbanization and industrialization. All this will be realized only through her devotion to the establishment of a society based on a vision of optimism.

79. Mohapatra, Pratap K.J. with Rahul Kumar Roy, "System Dynamics Models for Markov Processes"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 51aed0dc79e37960f64cad2ef0f9a82a, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/5q47s652z?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:47:26Z
Description:
Markov models and System Dynamics models are apparently applicable to two completely different kinds of problems. However, structurally, they can be proved to be equivalent to each other. This paper establishes this equivalence. Critical observation have been made with regard to similarity and aparent differences between the two methodologies. The paper has also proposed a procedure for converting Markov models into system dynamics models. Examples have been drawn for the Birth-Death process, M/M/1 Queue, Poisson Process and Yule Process to illustrate the method. It has been shown that such a framework makes the model for stochastic processes much more transparent and enables the system analyst to understand the behaviour better.

80. Zhen, Fang, "Rural Energy Development of Strategic Research in Beijing Area"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1991
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 5d7e83a7ca6c4cd9ab0ccc8a805a7aa7, and d1cfc0fcedb4f6334f34d1ca11dcf292
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/5712mq26m?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:47:24Z
Description:
This paper presents a rural energy system dynamics (RESD) model in Beijing . The system covers a wide range of aspects, such as economy, energy, pollution, water, population, labour and farmland. RESD model contains 8 sectors: electric industry, coal industry, building material industry, other industry, the third occupation, capital, agricultural production and people’s life, from which 788 variables were attained with 48 levels equations. The present study puts forward 4 suggestions and how to realize the 4 suggestions to the development of this system.

81. de Rooij, A., "Does System-Dynamics Limit The Growth Of System-Dynamics?"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/6q183369x?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:42Z
Description:
The paper describes from a client point of view some experiences with system-dynamics during the first year of Nostradamus. Nostradamus is a project, which aims at simulating the senior management of a large Dutch governmental organization with an one action orientated engeneers approach to adopt a more outwardly-orientated, creative and flexible attitude. In the beginning of the project the use of system-dynamics was intended as a central guiding aid in the proces of organizational growth. The intended use proved considerably more extensive than the actual use. Insofar this regression is attributable to system-dynamics we, as a client of system-dynamics, see in this regression a possible challenge for system-dynamics. We think system-dynamics could have been a more central supporting aid in Nostradamus if we would have found well-documented experience with system-dynamics in comparable situations. We suggest the system-dynamics-society to develop certain activities in order to stimulate demand and to better link up demand and supply in the area of systems-thinking.

82. Saeed, Khalid with N.L. Bach, "Chaos out of Stiff Models"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/bk128v69c?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:43Z
Description:
While nonlinear combinations of multiple modes existing in complex oscillatory systems may generate chaotic behavior in real systems, the studies of chaos attempted in system dynamics have often resorted to forcing simplistic models of systems to chaos. This paper illustrates how chaotic modes have been constructed through the creation of mis-specifications and anomalies in the model structure and parameters. This process has not only reduced the models to artifacts with little relevance to problem solving but has also invariably introduced a stiff structure that is susceptible to considerable building up error as numerical integration methods are used with long simulation times. The paper concludes that a model must qualify as an empirically valid system by meeting the requirements of the normal system dynamics practice if the chaotic modes it generates are to be of practical value.

83. Roberts, Carole with Brian Dangerfield, "Estimating the Parameters of an AIDS Spread Model Using Optimisation Software: Results for Two Countries Compared"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/3n204g37v?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:41Z
Description:
Few real life case study examples exist concerning optimisation in system dynamics models. This study reports an attempt to estimate relevant parameters of an AIDS spread model in order to check whether the chosen model structure can be separately parameterised and thereby explain the course of the epidemic for more than one country. The UK and USA are the two countries selected and the parameter values derived are reported for each. The values obtained are not inconsistent with emerging knowledge about the epidemic and the subsequent optimised projections reveal that the peak of the homosexual epidemic has been or is about to be reached in both countries.

84. Saeed, Khalid, "Slicing a Complex Problem for System Dynamics Modelling"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/cr56nj099?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:44Z
Description:
Since formal modelling requires having a model boundary encompassing finite complexity, so deductive logic is possible, complex problems must be partitioned into simpler parts before being analysed. There are many ways to slice a complex problem but not all create partitions that keep together processes contributing to effective policy design. This paper explore ways in which a complex problem may be appropriately sliced so the models of the partitions can serve as effective tools for policy design.

85. Sedehi, Habib, "System Dynamics for Budget Planning Evaluation in Public Environments"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/cf95jv587?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:46Z
Description:
To the date, Budget Plan definition in Italian public companies is approached with insufficient deepness. We believe this is common to other countries too.Indeed, most public organizations develop the Budget Plan basing themselves only upon the available data and not upon knowledge acquired in years of experience. Balance sheet data are therefore obtained simply adding to the previous information, an amount estabilished, for example, on the expected inflation rate.This approach although “trivial” supports the budget responsible, because during the budget presentation, very few elements can be effectively criticized. It is commonly accepted that also public companies find themselves in turbulent environments. This is due to both the increased number of endogenous variables, and to the complexity of exogenous parameters. Therefore the Budget Plan definition becomes always more critical, and consequential difficulty of its evaluation assumes relevant importance.The paper describes an experiment carried out by an Italian Public company which is adopting a dynamic economic- financial model for both, Budget Plan definition and for its evaluation. The model is based upon System Dynamics approach and evaluates a series of scenarios providing support to the budget definition responsibles in taking strategic policy decisions, and better “explaining” the effects of decisions undertaken.

86. Senge, Peter M., "You Can’t Get There from Here: Why Systems Thinking is Inseparable from Learning Organizations"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/1r66jj60h?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:48Z
Description:
Organizational learning is intrinsically systemic, because it deals with changes in thinking and acting not only in individuals, or in teams, but organization-wide. Our ability to understand and improve organizational learning will depend on having an operational systems framework, which can both sharpen theoretical insights and address practical management concerns. Building on past work in organizational learning and system dynamics, the new Center for Organizational Learning at MIT is attempting to develop a rigorous foundation of systems principles and methods so that current interest in organizational learning and “ learning organizations” can lead to significant advances in management theory and practice.

87. Seeger, John A., "“Open” Systems, Closed Minds"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/dz011777q?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:47Z
Description:
System Dynamics has not achieved widespread recognition as a paradigm of substance in the business-related disciplines of Strategic Management, Organization Behavior, Organization Theory, or Operations Management. One reason for its slow acceptance by academicians in these fields and related social sciences may lie in the specialized meanings and usages attached to common words by the System Dynamics lexicon. Words such as “open,” “closed,” “feedback,” and “structure” -- used differently than established scientists might expect --may create perceptions that System Dynamicists simply don’t understand systems theory. Writers in the field need pay special attention to the semantic implications of their presentation.

88. Schweiker, Ulrich with Rüdiger Reinhardt, "Implementing Organizational Learning Processes vs. Top Down Approaches"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1992
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, 68f8be4710ef70435fee8d3c8bf4c1f7, and c1647c2958efc6aa1703a2b3e2d5c65f
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/wh247913t?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:48:45Z
Description:
This paper describes a case study of applying organizational learning principles to the strategic change of a large German automotive company which seems to be successful alternative to the usual top-down approaches. Different models of implementing change processes are discussed, and their adequacies are assessed regarding to the degree of supporting self-transformational processes within the organizational.

89. Langley, Paul A. with Erik R. Larsen, "Multimedia Management Flight Simulators"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1993
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, d52b7bb9c69ffcb6558a9eb830eec657, and f5ad87bb3e8247e3540ac1e44c6717f5
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/bv73ch33r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:49:42Z
Description:
The Management Flight Simulator is now being established as a tool to facilitate experiential learning with both undergraduate and postgraduate management students, and managers within learning organisations. Existing MFS provide user-friendly reports and graphical representations of historical data, designed to the limits of human computer interface (HCI) good practice. Although, existing MFS make use of sophisticated quantitative databases and models, but lack the softer data: managers’ in-trays, meeting notes, employee feedback, interviews with customers, press and television news reports, industry observers, financial analysts, and so on. Managers in real life rarely make decisions without going to look at a problem for themselves. Using multimedia MFS, users will be able to do the same, by interrogating and making observations using electronic-based media.

90. MacDonald, Roderick H. with Anne M. Dowling, "The Savings and Loan Crisis: A System Dynamics Perspective"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1993
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, d52b7bb9c69ffcb6558a9eb830eec657, and f5ad87bb3e8247e3540ac1e44c6717f5
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/ht24x328w?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:49:45Z
Description:
The savings and loan industry has been the primary source of home mortgages for American families since 1932. Since 1984, however, 25 percent of the savings and loans, approximately 700 out of 2800, have failed. Although the total costs associated with these failed savings and loans have yet to be determined, estimates range from $300 billion to $1 trillion. This paper discusses a system dynamics model of the effects of interest rate risk and default risk focusing on the savings and loan industry. Using the model to test the effects of policy initiatives specific to the prime interest rate and the default risk on loans, the authors demonstrate that the savings and loan crisis might have been lessened or even avoided if the regulators had a better understanding of the system’s structure and the effect of that structure on system behavior.

91. Lara-Carrero, Lorenzo with Arturo Bencosme, Rodger Farrell, Daniel Gil’Adi, "New Barrels for Old Beer: The Beer Game as a Learning Organization"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1993
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, d52b7bb9c69ffcb6558a9eb830eec657, and f5ad87bb3e8247e3540ac1e44c6717f5
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/b8516561b?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:49:43Z
Description:
In this paper we describe a modification of the Beer Distribution Game which we have used with MBA students and executives. In this version, we introduce a change in communication rules at the end of week 24. Our game debriefing addresses all of Senge’s five learning disciplines and stresses the basic question: how do we deal more effectively with underlying structure? This variation on the usual rules shows a way for designing experiments with the Beer Game to improve our understanding of how organizations learn.

92. Lyneis, James M., "A Dynamic Model of Technology Diffusion"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1993
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, d52b7bb9c69ffcb6558a9eb830eec657, and f5ad87bb3e8247e3540ac1e44c6717f5
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/1z40mb16f?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:49:44Z
Description:
The diffusion of new technologies into the market is a critical factor in the success of any technology based company. This paper describes a system dynamics model which integrates a number of key concepts presently used to understand the diffusion process (e.g. technical progress functions, cost-experience curves). It shows how these concepts, together with management decisions regarding R&D investment, marketing, and pricing, drive the evolution of diffusion between technologies. It then illustrates how simulation can be used to understand the critical success factors in technology diffusion, and what this means for the management of technology-based companies.

93. Ackermann, Fran with Terry M. Williams, Colin Eden, Andrew J. Tate, "Using Cognitive Mapping to Develop a Large System Dynamics Model"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1994
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, c060552994c1527f70693734935660f1, and fe35db792b573af835d96e6eba4759cd
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/sq87cb83r?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:50:26Z
Description:
This paper describes the use of System Dynamics (SD) for making a claim for Disruption and Delay. The case concerns design management of a large development project. Extensive group workshops (GDSS) with the managers, based on the cognitive mapping technique and association software tope COPE, showed that the client-contractor interaction process had set up dynamic feedback loops creating Disruption and Delay to the project. In order to qualify the extent of the Disruption and Delay, the cognitive map was transformed into an "influence diagram" and thence through the acquisition of numeric data into a large SD model. The development of the two continued in parallel, informing and checking one another. As well as simply providing explanations of trends and behavior, the SD model had to reproduce the planned and actual out-turns explicitly for it to be a creditable explanatory tool. The paper will draw lessons from the case study on the process of moving from cognitive map to a SD model, and the mutual benefits of joint development, as well as more general lessons about combining soft and hard methods.

94. Akkermans, Henk with Jacqueline Bosker, ", "Design Guidelines for Participative Business Modelling"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1994
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, c060552994c1527f70693734935660f1, and fe35db792b573af835d96e6eba4759cd
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/sb397t21z?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:50:27Z
Description:
This paper describes the evaluations results from an unsuccessful case study. In this case study, system dynamics modeling was used to support the development of an implementation plan for a corporate strategy. Three modeling sessions were conducted with senior management, which were unsuccessful. A detailed analysis of the evaluations interviews with several of the participants had identified the main cause for this failure. These causes turn out to be threefold: Firstly, most of the participants were unwilling to discuss openly this politically sensitive issue, secondly several errors were made in project design and thirdly the scope of the strategic issue is at stake was too broad to tackle effectively within the time frame allotted to the project.

95. Zepeda Bustos, Enrique, "Expansion Policy for a Telephone Comapany"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1993
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, f5ad87bb3e8247e3540ac1e44c6717f5, and d52b7bb9c69ffcb6558a9eb830eec657
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/st74d891w?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:50:25Z
Description:
Busy lines are a persistent and persuasive problem common to all telephone systems, whether it counts with the most advanced digital technology and network management or no, there will always be a period during the day on the week where telephone calls cannot be completed due to busy line with the resultant loss of revenue. If expansion programs for telephone lines were not in accordance to actual demand growth telephone calls, this problemwill grow to the point where retrials would seriously impairthe telephone system operation. This paper describes the use of a system dynamics model for designing and evaluating expansion policies that respond to actual demand and ameliorate problem.

96. Zahn, Erich, "Model-Based Planning for Strategic Management An Integrated Simulation and Learning Toolkit"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1993
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, f5ad87bb3e8247e3540ac1e44c6717f5, and d52b7bb9c69ffcb6558a9eb830eec657
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/bk128v704?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:50:24Z
Description:
In a world of increasing complexity and turbulence organizations run the risk to loose effectiveness as well as efficiency when managed on the base of linear thinking and shortsighted decision making. System thinking and organizational learning instead will become a prerequisite for competitiveness and survival.

97. Demay, Thierry with Christian de Cock, "Information, System, Hence, Information System: The case for Ontological and Epistemological "depth""

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1994
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, c060552994c1527f70693734935660f1, and fe35db792b573af835d96e6eba4759cd
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/v979vk88d?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:51:01Z
Description:
This paper presents a critique of the atomistic ontology and empiricist epistemology which inform most current definitions of the concepts information, systems and, hence, information systems in the Information System (IS) literature. The notion of information as an objectively given quantifiable 'force' emanating from the real world and endowed with the essential property of dissolving uncertainty; or as possessing the same essential property but as consisting of structured or processed data, i.e. atomistic ‘facts’, about the real world are argued to be unsustainable, on both philosophical and practical grounds. It is argued, furthermore, that the notion of systems as an ontology in respect of goal seeking cybernetic machines unproblematically specifiable in terms of their boundaries, of their input and output, and of their objectives is not inappropriate to the socially-based systems in terms of which an IS must be defined, but also fails to consider the ontological, and consequently epistemological, depth implied by this concept. In view of these arguments, an alternative conceptual practice is explored by suggesting that the concept system be taken as an epistemological tool to be deployed in respect of complex coherent 'whole-entities' characterized by their emergent properties and, in the case of socially-based systems, by the essential autopoietic nature of their modes of regulation and self-representation including, above all, language. It is also suggested that information should be considered as a set of fundamentally, arbitrary signs whose 'emergent' properties i.e. syntactic, semantic and pragmatic, are intersubjectively negotiated between international organizational agents and, as such, inseparable from the forms of social life which they sustain and in which they are generated. This alternative conceptualization, proceeds from an ontology which acknowledges the essential 'depth' of its key thought objects, by virtue of the emergent properties attributions to these objects, in contrast to the flat atomistic ontology currently dominant in the IS field. Such an alternative conceptual practice, we argue, provides an initial theoretical framework in which to ground the currently ill-defined, “emergent perspective”, on the relationship between ICT and organizational change, identifiable in the IS literature. While as regarded IS practice, this re-conceptualization is found to be congruent with the object oriented approach to IS development which is currently attracting increasing practical attention and which appears to provide the basis for a common and intuitively meaningful language with which to bridge the gap between IS end-users and developers.

98. Doman, Andrew with Maurice Glucksman, Nathaniel Mass, Michael Sasportes, "The Dynamics of Managing a Life Insurance Company"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1994
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, c060552994c1527f70693734935660f1, and fe35db792b573af835d96e6eba4759cd
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/sj139k064?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:51:04Z
Description:
This paper reports the finding of an internal McKinsey research and development project designed to test the value of applying System Dynamics thinking to the life insurance industry. The aim was to understand better how management decisions and actions can affect the success or failure of a typical direct sales life company. The study compared the evaluation over 20 yeas of two companies, Equitable Life and London Life. Starting out in 1975 from virtually identical competitive positions, Equitable has become the U.K.'s most successful life company, while London Life was rescued by the AMP Society from near insolvency in 1989. We found System Dynamics a powerful means of identifying which managerial actions had accounted for the extraordinary divergence of the two companies. The lessons learned include many counter-intuitive insights that have relevance for any life company manager. Through simulation we were able to isolate which management actions made the difference to long term performance. In particular, we show how attempts exceed the maximum sustainable growth rate specific to any individual company can lock it into a slow but relentless spiral of decline, from which there is little hope of escape. This growth ceiling can be quantified and we also identify a number of a long range early warnings signs. Consequently, we believe that our conclusions are likely to change the way life companies are managed in the future.

99. Dhillon, Gurpreet with James Backhouse, "Responsibility Analysis: A Basis for Understanding Complex Managerial Situations"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1994
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, c060552994c1527f70693734935660f1, and fe35db792b573af835d96e6eba4759cd
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/np193t84w?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:51:02Z
Description:
Management practitioners have always felt the need to understand organizational contexts and processes. Consequently many different theoretical bases have been used to facilitate the evaluation. However the focus on existing approaches has primarily been on the ‘formal’ aspects of the organization. This has often resulted in inadequate and poor analysis of various complex managerial situations. In viewing organizations as communications systems, this paper introduces the responsibility analysis approach which helps in presenting a comprehensive picture of an organization environment. At a very generic level, organizations are viewed in terms of three sub-systems; technical, formal and informal. When conducting a responsibility analysis, the endeavor is to identify the responsible agents and capture the norms associated with each action. In doing so, we seek to understand the underlying repertories of behavior. This produces a high level specification of the organization and its attendant responsibilities, thus allowing a comparison to be made with the implicit and explicit structures of responsibility. The paper demonstrates these concepts with examples drawn from a National Health Service case study.

100. Di Stefano, Julia M., "Feedback and Breakdowns as Breakthroughs in Dyadic Communications"

Type:
Document
Date Created:
1994
Collection:
System Dynamic Society Records
Collecting Area:
University Archives
Collection ID:
ua435
Parent Record(s):
23d738ba88f8333bc39725f9cb5bd0b8, c060552994c1527f70693734935660f1, and fe35db792b573af835d96e6eba4759cd
Thumbnail Path Ss:
/downloads/xg94j666g?file=thumbnail
System Modified Dtsi:
2020-01-02T18:51:03Z
Description:
This paper shows that viewing dyadic communication from the perspective of servomechanisms and system dynamics rather than the cybernetics perspective (see Richardson, 1991, 128) allows deeper insights into the complex process of human conversations. Instead of viewing feedback from the cybernetic perspectives as the influence of input back on the output (Richardson, 128) we view dyadic communication as a closed system, with positive and negative feedback loops. This point of view helps us to better understand how to use feedback to achieve one's communications goals. A case study based on the short story The Revolt of Mother by Mary Wilkins Freeman, illustrates the reciprocal (not linear) nature of dyadic communication, and the role of breakdowns in revealing its structures. This analysis has implications for managers who engage in conversations in which they create, take care of, and initiate new commitments within an organization (Winograd and Flores, 1991, 151).